Composite Materials

Lab 1
Alexandros Iliopoulos
Artemis Kalteremidou
November 25, 2015

Outline
These labs are following the book:
I. M. Daniel, O. Ishai, Engineering mechanics of composite materials,
second edition, 2006
1. Elastic behaviour of composite lamina Micromechanics (Chapter 3)

1.1 Micromechanics concepts

1.2 Engineering parameter calculation
2. Elastic behaviour of composite lamina Macromechanics (Chapter 4)

2.1 Anisotropic compliance and stiffness matrix

2.2 Transformation

1. Elastic Behaviour of Composite Lamina

Micromechanics (Chapter 3)

1. Elastic behaviour of composite lamina Micromechanics (Chapter 3)

1.1 Micromechanics concepts
1.2 Engineering parameter calculation
2. Elastic behaviour of composite lamina Macromechanics (Chapter 4)
2.1 Anisotropic compliance and stiffness matrix

2.2 Transformation

Micromechanics
Single layer with material coordinate system

Micromechanics
Unit cell modeling

Figure: Unit cells within the material

Micromechanics
Unit cell modeling

Figure: Single unit cell

Micromechanics
Problem 1 (3.1 in book)
Derive the expressions

for fiber volume ratio and determine its maximum value in each case.

Micromechanics
Problem 2 (3.2 in book)

Micromechanics
Problem 2 (3.2 in book) - Solution
Square

Hexagonal

0.8

0.7

0.9
0.8

0.6

0.7
Vf

Vf

0.5
0.6

0.4
0.5
0.3

0.4

0.2

0.1

0.3

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1
s/r

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1
s/r

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

Micromechanics
Problem 3 (3.3 in book)

1. Elastic behaviour of composite lamina Micromechanics (Chapter 3)

1.1 Micromechanics concepts
1.2 Engineering parameter calculation
2. Elastic behaviour of composite lamina Macromechanics (Chapter 4)
2.1 Anisotropic compliance and stiffness matrix

2.2 Transformation

Micromechanics
Different micromechanical approaches

1) Mechanics of material approach

2) Semi-empirical approach

Micromechanics
1) Mechanics of material approach
Assumptions for rule-of-mixtures

1) Fiber: isotropic (or transversely isotropic), homogenous, regular array, linear elastic, as line
2) Matrix: isotropic, homogenous, linear elastic
3) Bonding: no gap

Micromechanics
1) Mechanics of material approach
Rule of mixture for E1

P A 1 A f f Am m
AE11 A f E f 1 Am Em1
Af

Am
E11
E f 1
Em 1
A
A
E1 V f E f Vm Em

Micromechanics
1) Mechanics of material approach
Rule of mixture for E2

B B 2 V f B f Vm B m
V f Vm
2 V f f Vm m 2

E
f Em
Vf

Vm
E2

E f Em

E2

E f Em
Vm E f V f Em

Micromechanics
1) Mechanics of material approach
Rule of mixture for 12

2
12
1
B 2 B 121 B
B B f Bm BV f 2 f BVm 2 m BV f f 1 BVmm1
B121 BV f f 1 BVmm1

12 V f f Vmm

Micromechanics
2) Halpin-Tsai semi-empirical relation for E2

Micromechanics
Summary for engineering parameter calculation

Mechanics:

Halpin-Tsai:

Micromechanics
Problem 4 (3.11 in book)

Micromechanics
Problem 5 (3.12 in book)

Micromechanics
Problem 6 (3.13 in book)

Micromechanics
Problem 6 (3.13 in book) - Solution
Halpin-Tsai relation
4.5

3.5

3.5

E2/Em

E2/Em

Mechanics of material approach

4.5

2.5

2.5

1.5

1.5

1
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5
Vf

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5
Vf

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

Micromechanics
Problem 7 (3.14 in book)

Micromechanics
Problem 8 (3.20 in book)

2. Elastic Behaviour of Composite Lamia

Macromechanics (Chapter 4)

1. Elastic behaviour of composite lamina Micromechanics (Chapter 3)

1.1 Micromechanics concepts
1.2 Engineering parameter calculation
2. Elastic behaviour of composite lamina Macromechanics (Chapter 4)
2.1 Anisotropic compliance and stiffness matrix

2.2 Transformation

Macromechanics
Single layer with material coordinate system

Macromechanics
Stress in 1 direction

Macromechanics
Stress in 2 direction

Macromechanics
Shear stress in 23 direction

Macromechanics
Compliance matrix for orthotropic material

Macromechanics
Compliance matrix for orthotropic material - expanded

Macromechanics
Stiffness matrix for orthotropic material

Macromechanics
Compliance and stiffness matrix for isotropic and transversely isotropic material

Macromechanics
Plane stress

Macromechanics
Plane stress compliance matrix

Macromechanics
Reduced stiffness matrix

1. Elastic behaviour of composite lamia Micromechanics (Chapter 3)

1.1 Micromechanics concepts
1.2 Engineering parameter calculation
2. Elastic behaviour of composite lamia Macromechanics (Chapter 4)
2.1 Anisotropic compliance and stiffness matrix

2.2 Transformation

Macromechanics
Rotating a coordinate system

Macromechanics
Stress vector rotation

Macromechanics
Strain vector rotation

Macromechanics
Transformed reduced compliance

Macromechanics
Transformed reduced compliance

Macromechanics
Problem 9 (4.6 in book)

Macromechanics
Problem 10 (4.14 in book)

Macromechanics
Problem 11 (4.34 in book)

Any questions:
alexandros.iliopoulos@vub.ac.be
kkaltere@vub.ac.be