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Dictionary Methods:
LZ77:
This compression method was invented by Lempel and Ziv in 1977, hence the name, LZ77. It's an
offline, dictionary lossless method that uses a sliding window that references previously coded data to
identify redundant bits. This gives us a high CR, but at the cost of a fairly high compression time.
LZ78:
This is a variation of the above method, where the repeated data is referenced through a dictionary that
is constructed as the data steams in.
LZW:
This method is used in data transmission. It is based off of the LZ78 method, but uses a per-initialized
dictionary with all possible characters. It creates symbols for the most commonly used strings, and uses
those symbols in the encoding.
References:
Ing. Nevlud Lectures
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_compression
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LZ77_and_LZ78