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HomeAnatomyandBodyLocationandPicturesofDifferentOrgansInTheAbdomen

LocationandPicturesofDifferentOrgansInThe
Abdomen
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BodyParts
HumanBodyOrgansDiagram
InthisArticle:
AreasoftheAbdominalRegion
BoundariesoftheAbdomen
NamesofAbdominalRegions
InUpperAbdomen
InMiddleAbdomen
InLowerAbdomen
StomachLocation
LocationoftheIntestines
1)SmallIntestine
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
2)LargeIntestine
LiverLocation
GallBladderLocation
Fundus
Body
Neck
LocationofPancreas
DuctsofPancreas
VermiformAppendixLocation
SpleenLocation
KidneysLocation
ThisArticleisthedetailedaccountofallthemajororgansthatarecategorizedunderthenineregionsinthe
abdominalcavity

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1)Stomach
2)Intestines

a)SmallIntestine
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
b)LargeIntestine
Ceacum
Colon(Ascending,TransverseandDescending)
Rectum
AnalCanal
3)Liver
4)Gallbladder
5)Pancreas
6)Spleen
7)Kidneys

AreasoftheAbdominalRegion
TheregionofthetrunkthatliesbetweenthediaphragmabovethepelvicinletbelowisreferredtoasAbdomenthat
isdividedintonineregionsbytwoverticalandtwohorizontallines.Eachverticallinepassesthroughmidpoint
betweenanteriorsuperioriliacspineandsymphysispubis.
Theupperhorizontalline(subcostalplane)meetsthe10thcostalcartilageoneachsidewhereasthelower
horizontalline(intertubercularplane)joinsthetuberclesontheiliaccrests.TheTranspyloricPlanethatliesatthe
levelofLumbarplexusL1passesthroughthetipsof9thcostalcartilagesonthetwosides(Thepointwherethe
lateralmarginofRectusAbdominisandLineaSemilunariscrossesthecostalmargin).TheIntercristalplane
passesacrossthehighestpointsoniliaccrests.

BoundariesoftheAbdomen
Anteriorly

Itisboundedabovethethoraciccageandbelowtheabdominalmusclesandfascia.
Posteriorly
ItisboundedbyLumbarvertebrae,cruraofdiaphragm,psoasandquadratuslumborummusclesandposteriorpart
ofiliacbones.
Laterally
Itisyetagainboundedabovethethoraciccageandbelowbyabdominalmusclesandfascia.
Superiorly
Itisboundedbydiaphragm.
Inferiorly
Itcontinueswithpelvis.

NamesofAbdominalRegions

Picture:Abdomenisbroadlyclassifiedinto4areas(rightandleft)upperandlowerquadrants
imagesource:http://health.usf.edu

Picture:AbdominalNineareasorregions

Imagesource:http://health.usf.edu

InUpperAbdomen
RightHypochondrium/Epigastrium/LeftHypochondrium

InMiddleAbdomen
RightLumbarregion/Umbilicus/LeftLumbarregion

InLowerAbdomen
RightIliacregion/Hypogastrium/LeftIliacregion.

StomachLocation
StomachisamuscularbagformingthemostdistensiblepartoftheHumanDigestiveSystem.Theregions
occupiedbystomachareepigastric,umbilicalandhypochondriacregions.Itliesbetweentheesophagusandthe
duodenumontheupperleftportionoftheabdominalcavity.
Stomachisdivisibleintocardiacportionwhichinturnisdividedintofundusandbodywhereasthepyloricdivision
ofthestomachisfurthersubdividedintopyloricantrumandpyloriccanal.Asmallpartoftheposteriorsurfaceof
thestomachisindirectcontactwiththeleftcrusofthediaphragm,cranialtothegastrophrenicligament.

Picture:Stomachlocationanditsrelationswithvariousotherorgans
Imagesource:open.jorum.ac.uk

Picture:StomachAnatomyanditsparts
Imagesource:gistsupport.org

LocationoftheIntestines
TheHumanIntestineconsistsoftwosegments.

1)SmallIntestine
Itisabout6meters(20feet)longandextendsfromthepylorusofthestomachtotheileocecaljunction.
DivisionsofSmallIntestine
Thesmallintestineisdividedinto
1.UpperfixedportioncalledDuodenum(25cm/10incheslong)
2.Lowermobileportioninwhich
Upper2/5ofthemobileintestineiscalledJejunum,and
Lower3/5ofthemobileintestineiscalledIleum.

Duodenum
ItsaCshapedtubeandisabout25centimeters(10inches)long.ItextendsfromthepylorustotheDuodeno
jejunalflexure.Duodenumliesabovethelevelofumbilicus,oppositevertebraeL1,L2andL3.itoccupiesthe
epigastricandumbilicalregions.Duodenumisdividedintofourparts.
FirstPartofDuodenum
Itbeginsatthepylorusandisapproximately2incheslong.Itliesonthetranspyloricplane.Itisalsoknownas
duodenalcapbecauseofabsenceofplicacircularisbeingreplacedbysmoothoutline.
SecondPartoftheDuodenum
Thesecondpartoftheduodenumbeginatthesuperiorduodenalflexureandis3incheslong.Themainpancreatic
ductandbileductpiercestheposteromedialpartatthemidpoint.Itisretroperitonealandfixed.
ThirdpartoftheDuodenum
Itis3incheslongandisfixedandretroperitoneal.Itbeginsattheinferiorduodenalflexure.
FourthpartoftheDuodenum
Itisretroperitonealand2incheslong

Jejunum
Itistheupper2/5thmobileportionofsmallintestineandoccupiestheupperleftregionoftheabdomenandusually
beginsattheduodenojejunaljunction.

Ileum
Itisthelower3/5thmobilepartofthesmallintestineandoccupiesthelowerrightportionoftheabdomen.Ileum
endsattheileocecaljunction.

Picture:Smallintestinelocationanditsparts(duodenum,jejunumandileum)
Imagesource:Mayofoundation

2)LargeIntestine
Thelargeintestineextendsfromileocecaljunctiontotheanusandisdividedintoceacum,appendix,ascending
colon,transversecolon,descendingcolon,sigmoidcolon,rectumandanalcanal.

Caecum
Itislocatedintherightiliacfossa.Itis6cmlongand3incheswide.Itisoneofthoseorgansofthebodythathas
greaterwidththanlengthbesidesprostate.
AscendingColon
Lyinginthelowerrightquadrant,itextendsupwardfromtheileocaecaljunctiontotheinferiorsurfaceoftheright
lobeoftheliver/righthepaticflexure.
TransverseColon
Itoccupiestheumbilicalandhypogastricregionsandextendsfromhepaticflexuretosplenicflexure.
DescendingColon
Itextendsdownwardfromleftcolicflexuretothepelvicbrim.

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Picture:Largeintestinelocationanditspartsappendix,colon(ascending,transverse,descendingand
sigmoid)andRectum.
Imagesource:ADAMInc

LiverLocation
Liveroccupiesthewholeoftherighthypchondrium,thegreaterpartoftheepigastriumandthelefthypochondrium.

Picture:Locationofliveranditsrelationwithother(main)abdominalorgans

Picture:LiverandsurgicalAnatomyA:LateralsternallineB:VertebralspinesC:MidAxillaryLine
Imagesource:
StructuresWhichDividesLiverintoLobes
Liverisdividedintotwolobesbyattachmentoffalciformligament.Rightlobeisfurtherdividedintocaudatelobe
(above)andquadratelobe(below)bypresenceofgallbladder,fissureforligamentumteres,inferiorvenacavaand
fissureforligamentvenosum.
HilusofLiver
ThePortaHepaticofHilusofLiverisfoundontheposteroinferiorsurfaceandliesbetweencaudatelobeabove
andquadratelobebelowandinfront.Marginofportahepaticprovidesattachmenttolesseromentum.
BareAreaofLiver
Itislocatedonposterosuperiorsurfaceofliver.

Picture:Lobesofliver
imagesource:writepass.co.uk

GallBladderLocation
Itisabilereservoirandhasapearshapedstructure.Ithasthecapacityofabout30to50ml.Gallbladderis
locatedinthefossaoninferiorsurfaceoftherightlobeliver.Itisdividedintofundus,bodyandneck.

Fundus
Itprojectsbeyondtheinferiorborderoftheliverintheanglebetweenthelateralborderoftherightrectus
abdominisandthe9thcostalcartilage.Fundusiscompletelyoccupiedbyperitoneum.

Body
Itliesinfossaforthegallbladderontheliver.Itssuperiorsurfaceisdevoidofperitoneumwhereastheinferior
surfacedoespossesperitoneum.

Neck
Itisthenarrowupperendofthegallbladder.Itissituatedclosetotherightendoftheportahepatis.Itsjunction
withcysticductismarkedbyaconstriction.

LocationofPancreas
Itispartlyendocrineandpartlyexocrine.Pancreasliesmoreorlesslocatedtransverselyovertheposterior
abdominalwallatthelevelofLumbarplexussegmentsL1andL2.Itisdivisibleintohead,neck,bodyandtail.

DuctsofPancreas
MainPancreaticDuct

Itbeginsatthetail,runsalongtheentirelengthoftheglandandopensintothesecondpartoftheduodenumwith
bileductonthemajorduodenalpapillae.
AccessoryPancreaticDuct
Justincaseifitspresent,itbeginsinthelowerpartofthehead,opensintotheduodenumatashortdistance
abovethemainductontheminorduodenalpapillae.

Picture:LocationofGallbladderandPancreas
imagesource:cancer.osu.edu

VermiformAppendixLocation
Arisingfromtheposteromedialwalloftheceacum,itisawormlikediverticulumandisabout2cm
belowileocaecalvalve.Itis813cm(35inches)inlength.Theappendixliesintherightiliacfossae.Ithaslostall
itsfunctionsthroughtheprocessofevolutionandiswidelyconsideredtobeasuperfluousstructureinthehuman
body.

Picture:Appendixlocation(McBurneyspoint2/3rdofdistancebetweenthepelvis(upperpart)andnavel)

SpleenLocation
Spleenisthebiggestlymphoidorganpresentintheupperfarleftportionoftheabdomeninthelefthypochondrium
andissurroundedbyperitoneum.Spleenis1inchthick,3inchesbroadand5incheslong.Theenlargementof
spleenisreferredtoassplenomegaly.

Picture:SpleenLocationandAnatomy
Imagesource:dehlvi.com

KidneysLocation
Kidneysarebeanshaped,browncoloredvitalorgansthatoccupyepigastric,hypochondriac,lumbarandumbilical
regions.Vertically,theyextendfromtheupperborderofvertebraeT12tothecentreofthebodyofL3.External
featuresofkidneyhavetwopoles,twobordersandtwosurfaces.
Therightkidneyislocatedbelowthediaphragmandposteriortotheliverwhereastheleftkidneyislocatedbelow
thediaphragmandposteriortothespleen.Abovebothkidneyslietheadrenalglands.Therightkidneyisslightly
smallerthantheleftkidney.

Picture:KidneysAnatomyandLocation
Imagesource:pbiv.com

Picture:Kidneys(Rightandleft)Surfaceanatomymarking
Imagesource:meded.ucsd.edu

References
http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/forensics/02evidence/regions_&_quadrants.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vermiform_appendix#Size_and_location
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdomen
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/spleenlocationwhereisthespleenlocated.html
http://www.webmd.com/digestivedisorders/pictureofthespleen
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_Areas_of_the_abdomen_Quadrants_and_Nine_Areas
http://www.wisegeek.com/whatareabdominalorgans.htm
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_organs_are_in_the_nine_regions_in_the_abdominal_cavity

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Norelatedposts.
PublishedonMarch30th,2013byadminunderAnatomyandBody.
ArticlewaslastreviewedonDecember16th,2015.

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