SALEM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

SALEM-636111
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
Year/Sem

: I/ II

Academic Year
Prepared by

: 2015-2016
: M.Balasubramanian, M.E.,
M.Rajesh Kanna, M.E.,

UNIT-I
BASIC CIRCUITS ANALYSIS
PART A
1. State Kirchoffs circuital laws. (May/June 2009)
Kirchhoffs Current Law (KCL): The total current flowing towards a junction point in a
circuit is equal to the total current flowing away from that junction point. KCL can also
be stated as, The algebraic sum of all the current meeting at a junction is always zero.
Kirchhoffs Voltage Law (KVL): In any network, sum of the voltage drops across the
circuit elements in any closed path is equal to the sum of the voltage rise in that path.
KVL can also be stated as,

The algebraic sum of all the branch voltages, around any closed path is always zero.
2. Draw the V-I characteristics of ideal voltage source. (May/June 2009)

3. Illustrate Kirchhoff's current and voltage law with an example. (June/July 2009)

4. A 25 resistance has a voltage V = 150 sin377t Volts. Find the corresponding current
and power. (June/July 2009)

5. Two capacitors C1& C2 are connected in series, if C1=10F and equivalent

capacitance is 1.67F. Find C2. (June/July 2009)

6. The resistance of two wires is 25 when connected in series and 6 when

joined in parallel. Calculate the resistance of each wire. (Nov/Dec 2009)

7. A series RLC circuit has R = 25 , L = 0.221 H and C = 66.3 F with frequency of

60 Hz. Find the power factor. (Nov/Dec 2009)

8. In the figure shown, find the value of I. (June 2010)

9. Find the equivalent resistance between A and B in given figure. (June 2010)

10. A bulb is rated as 230 V, 230 W. Find the rated current and resistance of the
filament. (April/May 2011)

11. Define Mesh analysis of a circuit. (April/May 2011)

Mesh analysis is the general method based on Kirchhoffs Voltage Law (KVL). It uses
mesh currents instead of element branch currents in the circuit. A number of
simultaneous equations are obtained from each mesh. The solution of these simultaneous
equations gives current flowing in each mesh.
12. How are the following affected by change of frequency? (a) Resistance (b) Inductive
reactance. (May/June 2012)
(a) Resistance: Resistance (R) does not depend on frequency. Hence resistance of the

circuit is unaffected by the change in frequency.

(b) Inductive reactance: Inductive reactance (XL) depends on frequency, because
Inductive reactance (XL) = 2fL . Therefore, inductive reactance changes (directly
proportional) with change in frequency.
13. Define Nodal analysis of a circuit. (May/June 2012)
Nodal analysis is one of the basic techniques which apply Kirchhoffs Current Law
(KCL) to find unknown voltages in a given circuit.
14. State the limitations of Ohms law. (May/June 2013)
Ohms law is not applicable to the non linear devices such as diodes, zener diodes,
etc.,
Ohms law can be applied to all metallic conductors, but it does not hold good for
non-metallic conductors.
15. Distinguish between Mesh and loop of an electric circuit. (May/June 2013)
Any closed path in a network is called as a Mesh or loop. The difference between a mesh
and a loop is that a mesh does not contain any other loop within it. Thus mesh is the
smallest loop. A mesh is always a loop but a loop may or may not be a mesh.
PART B
1. For the circuit shown in figure, find the current in each branch by Nodal method.
(May/June 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 1.22.13, Page.No.1-95 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
2. Find the current in each branch of the circuit and the total power consumed by the
circuit shown in Fig. Assume E = 50 sin (wt + 45). (May/June 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 2.2.2, Page.No.2-5 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
3. Find the currents through the branches AB, AC, CD, and EF in the circuit shown in
figure using Mesh method. (June/July 2009)

Ans: Refer Class notes.

4. Apply any method to find io and power dissipated in the circuit shown. (June/July
2009)

Ans: Refer Class notes.

5. Determine the current in the 4 branch in the circuit shown in Fig. Use mesh
analysis method. (Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer Class notes.

6. For the network shown in figure, find VS which makes I0 = 7.5 mA. Use node voltage
method. (Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 1.22.4, Page.No.1-92 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
7. Using the mesh current method, obtain the voltage Vx in the network shown in Fig.
(Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 1.21.7, Page.No.1-75 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
8. In the circuit shown in figure, find the different mesh currents, power delivered by
each source and the current through RL. (June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 1.21.5, Page.No.1-73 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
9. In the circuit shown in figure, find the different node voltages and the currents I1
and I2 and I3. (June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 1.22.3, Page.No.1-91 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
10. State and explain Kirchoffs laws, with an example. (April/May 2011, May/June
2013)
Ans: Refer Page.No.1-26 to 1-30 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
11. Determine the current delivered by the source in the circuit shown in figure below.
(April/May 2011)

Ans: Refer problem 1.8.2, Page.No.1-24 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
12. For the network shown below, obtain the current ratio (I1/I3) using mesh analysis.
(April/May 2011)

Ans: Refer problem 1.21.8, Page.No.1-76 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
13. In the circuit shown in figure, VR and VL were measured and found to be 10 V each.
Assuming i(t) as the reference waveform, find (1) The frequency f and current i(t),
(2) ZT (total impedance) and e(t). (May/June 2012)

Ans: Refer problem 1.16.3, Page.No.1-56 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
14. What is the voltage across A and B in the circuit shown in figure? (May/June 2012)

Ans: Refer problem 1.9.3, Page.No.1-32 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
15. Find the current in 4 resistor in the circuit shown in figure below, using mesh
analysis technique. (May/June 2012)

Ans: Refer problem 1.21.10, Page.No.1-78 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
16. Using mesh analysis, determine the current through 1 resistor in the circuit shown
in Fig. (May/June 2013)

Ans: Refer problem 1.21.12, Page.No.1-80 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
17. Three loads A, B and C are connected in parallel to a 240 V source. Load A takes
9.6 KW, Load B takes 60 A and Load C has a resistance of 4.8. Calculate (1) R A
and RB (2) the total current (3) the total power, and (4) equivalent resistance.
(May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer problem 1.9.4, Page.No.1-33 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
18. By applying nodal analysis for the circuit shown in figure, determine the power
output of the source and the power in each resistor of the circuit. (May/June 2013)

Ans: Refer problem 1.22.8, Page.No.1-97 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

UNIT-II
NETWORK REDUCTION AND NETWORK THEOREMS FOR
DC AND AC CIRCUITS
PART A
1. State Superposition theorem. (May/June 2009)
In any linear bilateral network containing two or more independent sources (voltage or
current sources or combination of voltage and current sources), the resultant current/
voltage in any branch is the algebraic sum of currents/voltages caused by each
independent sources acting alone, with all other independent sources being replaced
meanwhile by their respective internal resistances.
2. Calculate the value of RL shown in figure, so that maximum power is transferred
from battery. (May/June 2009)

3. What is the limitation of super position theorem? (June/July 2009)

Superposition theorem doesnt work for power calculation.
Superposition theorem cannot be applied for non linear circuit (Diodes or
Transistors).
4. State Thevenins theorem. (June/July 2009, April/May 2011)
Thevenins theorem states that a linear two-terminal circuit independent sources can be
replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a voltage source VTh in series with a resistor

RTh, where VTh is the open-circuit voltage at the terminals and RTh is the input or equivalent
resistance at the terminals when the independent sources are turned off.

5. Calculate the current through 50 and 100 resistors in the circuit shown below.
(June/July 2009)

6. Convert the current sources into voltage sources in the circuit shown below.
(Nov/Dec 2010)

7. State maximum power transfer theorem for D.C. circuits. State the expression for
the maximum power (Nov/Dec 2010, June 2010, and May/June 2013)
In an active network, Maximum power is transferred to the load when the load resistance
equals the Thevenin resistance as seen from the load (RL = RTH).
Q=
8. Find the equivalent current source for the circuit shown in figure. (June 2010)

9. Transform the circuit shown below, from to Y. (April/May 2011)

10. Find the equivalent current source for a voltage source of 100 V with resistance of
2 . (May/June 2012)

11. State Reciprocity theorem. (May/June 2012)

Reciprocity theorem states that, in any linear network having linear, bilateral, lumped
elements having a voltage source, V volts in a branch gives the current I in another
branch. The ratio of voltage to current remains constant when the position of V and I are
interchanged.
12. State the voltage division principle for two resistors in series and the current
division principle for two resistors in parallel. (May/June 2013)

PART B
1. Find the Thevenins equivalent circuit at (a, b). (May/June 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 2.6.6, Page.No.2-61 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
2. For the circuit shown in Fig, find the current flowing through the 10 resistor.
(May/June 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 2.4.10, Page.No.2-26 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
3. State and prove the Maximum Power Transfer theorem for an AC circuit. (June/July
2009)
Ans: Refer section 2.8, Page.No.2-82 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
4. Find the Thevenin's equivalent circuit for the network given below. (June/July 2009)

Ans: Refer Class notes.

5. Find RTH across the terminals A and B for the circuit shown below. (June/July 2009)

Ans: Refer Class notes.

6. Obtain the current in each resistor in Fig, using network reduction methods.
(Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 2.2.3, Page.No.2-6 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
7. In the network shown in Fig, determine the Current I. (Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 2.4.6, Page.No.2-27 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
8. Using the principle of superposition, calculate the Current I in the network shown in
Fig. (Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 2.5.8, Page.No.2-44 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

9. In the circuit shown in figure, find

(i) the equivalent resistance between P and Q.
(ii) the total current from the 240V source.
(iii) the current through the 18 resistor.

(June 2010)

Ans: Refer Class notes.

10. In the following circuit shown in figure, (i) find the current through 5 resistor by
Thevenins theorem. (June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 2.6.7, Page.No.2-62 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
11. Find the value of RL at which maximum power is transferred to RL and hence the
maximum power transferred to RL in the circuit shown in figure. (June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 2.8.5, Page.No.2-90 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
12. Use source transformation to find I0 in the circuit shown below. (April/May 2011)

Ans: Refer problem 2.3.7, Page.No.2-13 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
13. Use the technique of -Y conversion to find the equivalent resistance between
terminals A-B of the circuit shown below. (April/May 2011)

Ans: Refer problem 2.4.8, Page.No.2-28 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
14. Determine the voltage across 20 resistance in the circuit shown below, using
Superposition theorem. (April/May 2011)

Ans: Refer problem 2.5.6, Page.No.2-41 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
15. Find the voltage drop across 12 resistance using Nortons theorem for the circuit
shown below. (April/May 2011)

Ans: Refer problem 2.7.6, Page.No.2-76 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

16. Convert the network shown below into a -connected equivalent circuit. (May/June
2012)

Ans: Refer problem 2.4.7, Page.No.2-28 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
17. Calculate the current through the 2 resistor in the circuit shown below using
superposition theorem. (May/June 2012)

Ans: Refer problem 2.5.7, Page.No.2-43 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
18. Calculate the current through the 2 resistor in the circuit shown below using
Thevenin's theorem. (May/June 2012)

Ans: Refer problem 2.6.8, Page.No.2-63 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
19. Use the superposition theorem to find the current through 4 resistor in the circuit
shown in Fig.

Ans: Refer problem 2.5.2, Page.No.2-36 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
20. Explain the source transformation technique. (May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer section 2.3, Page.No.2-7 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
21. Derive expression for star connected resistances in terms of delta connected
resistances. (May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer section 2.4.1, Page.No.2-17 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
22. Find the current through branch a-b of the network shown in figure using
Thevenins theorem. (May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer problem 2.6.9, Page.No.2-64 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

UNIT-III
RESONANCE AND COUPLED CIRCUITS
PART A
1. Define Bandwidth. (May/June 2009, May/June 2013)
Bandwidth is defined as the difference in frequencies between upper half-power
frequency (f2) and lower half-power frequency (f1). Bandwidth = (f2 - f1)

2. Define quality factor (Q factor) of a coil. (May/June 2009, June/July 2009, Nov/Dec
2009)
The quality factor (Q) is the ratio of the reactive power in the inductor or capacitor to the
true power in the resistance in series with the coil or capacitor.
Q=
Quality factor of a resonant circuit can also be defined as the ratio of its resonant
frequency to its bandwidth.

Q=
3. Write the condition for resonance in series RLC, circuit. (June/July 2009)
Resonance is a condition in any RLC circuit in which the capacitive and inductive
reactances are equal in magnitude
Therefore the circuit becomes purely resistive.
The voltage and current at the network input terminals are in phase. The voltage
Vs and the current I are in phase, so that the power factor is unity.
4. A coil of resistance 2 and inductance of 0.01H is connected in series with a
capacitor C. If maximum current occurs at 25Hz find the value of C. (June/July
2009)

5. What is co-efficient of coupling? (June/July 2009, Nov/Dec 2009)

The co-efficient of coupling (K) is defined as the amount of coupling between two
inductively coupled coils. The coupling coefficient K is a measure of the magnetic
coupling between two coils.
Co-efficient of coupling, K =
6. In a series RLC circuit, if the value of L and C are 100 H and 0.1 F respectively,
find the resonance frequency in HZ. (June 2010)

7. In a coupled circuit having two coils, the value of L1, L2 and K are 5 mH, 10 mH and
0.8 respectively, where K is the coefficient of coupling. Find the mutual inductance
between the two coils. (June 2010)

8. When do you say that a given AC circuit is at resonance? (April/May 2011)

Resonance is a condition in any RLC circuit in which the capacitive and inductive
reactances are equal in magnitude, there by resulting in purely resistive impedance. Thus,
a network is in resonance (or resonant) when the voltage and current at the network input
terminals are in phase. The voltage Vs and the current I are in phase, so that the power
factor is unity.
9. Two inductively coupled coils have self inductances L1 = 50 mH and L2 = 200 mH. If
the coefficient of coupling is 0.5, compute the value of mutual inductance between
the coils. (April/May 2011)

10. Determine the quality factor of a coil for the series circuit consisting of R = 10 ,
L = 0.1 H and C = 10 F. (April/May 2011)

11. Define resonant network. (May/June 2012)

A resonant circuit is defined as the circuit consisting of R, L & C elements connected
either in series or parallel manner which exhibits the resonance effect at certain
frequency called as resonance frequency.
12. State 'Dot rule' for coupled circuits. (May/June 2012)

 If both currents enter the dotted ends of the coupled coil then M and L will have
same sign.
If both currents leave the dotted ends of the coupled coil then M and L will have
same sign.
If one current enter a dotted end and the other an un-dotted end, the signs of the M
terms will be opposite to the signs of the L terms.
13. Give the applications of tuned circuits. (May/June 2013)
Tuned circuits are used in RF circuit in radio receivers for obtaining maximum
power transfer to the load.
Tuned circuits are used in communications networks.

PART B
1. For the parallel circuit shown in Fig, find the Resonance frequency, f. (May/June
2009, May/June 2013)

Ans: Refer section 3.7.1, Page.No.3-31 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
2. Explain the single tuned and double tuned circuit. (May/June 2009)
Ans: Refer section 4.13, Page.No.4-45 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
3. Derive the formula for mutual inductance in terms of coefficient of coupling and self
inductance. (May/June 2009, May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer section 4.6, Page.No.4-10 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
4. 2 coupled coils with self inductances L 1=0.8 H and L2=0.2 H have a coupling

coefficient of 0.6. Coil 2 has 500 turns, if the current in Coil 1 is i 1(t)=10sin 200t ,
determine the voltage at Coil 2 and maximum flux set up by the Coil 1. (June/July
2009)
Ans: Refer class notes.
5. Derive the Resonance frequency and Bandwidth for an R-L-C parallel circuit.
(June/July 2009)
Ans: Refer section 3.7 & 3.9, Page.No.3-27 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
6. A coil of resistance 40 and inductance 0.75 H forms part of a series circuit for
which the resonant frequency is 55 Hz, If the supply voltage is 250 V, 50 Hz find,
i)the line current ii) power factor iii)voltage across the coil. (June/July 2009)
Ans: Refer class notes.
7. For a twobranch parallel circuit RL= 15 , RC = 30 , XC = 30 , E = 120 V and
f
= 60 Hz. For the condition of resonance, calculate (i) the two values of L and (ii) the
two values of total current. (Nov/Dec 2009)
Ans: Refer problem 3.7.3, Page.No.3-33 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

8. Calculate the voltage V for the coupled circuit shown in Fig. Repeat with the polarity
of one coil reversed. (Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 4.7.9, Page.No.4-23 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
9. A series RLC circuit with R =10, L = 10 mH and C = 1F has an applied voltage of
200 V at resonance frequency. Calculate the resonant frequency, the current in the
circuit and the voltage across the elements at resonance. Find also the quality factor
and band width for the circuit. (June 2010)
Ans: Refer problem 3.5.3, Page.No.3-23 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
10. In the circuit shown in figure, find the value of I1 and I2 and also the real power
supplied by each source. (June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 4.7.8, Page.No.4-22 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
11. For the tank circuit shown below, find the resonance frequency, fr. (April/May2011)

Ans: Refer section 3.7, Page.No.3-27 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
12. Determine the quality factor of a coil for the series circuit consisting of R = 10 ,
L = 0.1 H and C = 10 F. Derive the formula used. (April/May 2011)
Ans: Refer problem 3.4.5, Page.No.3-17 for given problem.
Ans: Refer section 3.3 & 3.4.3, Page.No.3-4 & 3-8 for the derivation.
13. In the coupled circuit shown below, find the voltage across 5 resistor. (April/May
2011)

Ans: Refer problem 4.7.9, Page.No.4-23 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
14. Derive the expressions for maximum output voltage and maximum amplification of
a single tuned circuit. (April/May 2011)
Ans: Refer section 4.13.1, Page.No.4-45 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

15. The signal voltage in the circuit shown below is e(t) = 0.01 sin (2 x 455 x 10 3t) V.
What should be the signal frequency? At this condition, find the values of I, V C, Q
and bandwidth of the circuit. (May/June 2012)

Ans: Refer problem 3.5.4, Page.No.3-23 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
16. (RL+j20) and (20-j10) are connected in parallel. Determine the value of R L for
resonance. (May/June 2012)
Ans: Refer problem 3.7.8, Page.No.3-38 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
17. Consider the single tuned circuit shown below. Determine (1) the resonant
frequency and (2) the output voltage at resonance. Assume R S>>, L1 and K=0.9.
(May/June 2012, May/June 2013)

Ans: Refer problem 4.13.1, Page.No.4-54 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
18. A series circuit with R = 10 , L = 0.1 H and C = 50 F has an applied voltage
V= 50 V with a variable frequency. Find (1) the resonant frequency, (2) the value of
frequency at which maximum voltage occurs across inductor, (3) the value of
frequency at which maximum voltage occurs across capacitor. (4) the quality factor
of the coil. May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer problem 3.4.3, Page.No.4-54 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

UNIT-IV
TRANSIENT RESPONSE FOR DC CIRCUITS
PART A
1. Find the Laplace transform of x(t)= u(t) + (t). (May/June 2009)

2. Write the integro-differential equation of R-L-C series circuit with supply voltage, E.
(May/June 2009)

3. Write the condition for critical damping of series RLC circuit? (June /July 2009,
June 2010)
For critical damping of series RLC circuit, the roots of the i(t) equation must be equal,
real and negative.
i.e.,

Condition for Critical Damping

4. What is Damping ratio in transient analysis? (June /July 2009)

Damping ratio is defined as the ratio of actual resistance to the critical resistance. It is
denoted as .

5. How does a capacitor act at t = 0 and at t = . (June /July 2009)

At time t = 0 sec, a capacitor acts as a short circuit.
At time t = sec, a capacitor acts as an open circuit.

6. Define time-constant of a transient response. (June /July 2009, Nov/Dec 2009,

April/May 2011)
In a RL series circuit, the time taken for the current to reach 63% of its final
value is called as one time constant (). Here =

In a RC series circuit, the time taken for the current to decay 37% of its final
value is called as one time constant (). Here =RC.
7. In a series RLC circuit, L = 2 H, and C = 5F. Determine the value of R to give
critical damping. (Nov/Dec 2009)

8. A series RL circuit with R = 100 and L = 20H has a dc voltage of 200V applied
through a switch at t=0. Assuming the initial current through the inductor at t=0 is
zero, find the current at t=0.5 sec. (June 2010)

9. A coil having a resistance of 10 k and inductance of 50 mH is connected to 10 volts,

10 kHz power supply. Calculate the impedance. (April/May 2011)

10. Sketch the transient current i (t) vs t graph for a series RL circuit. (May/June 2012)

11. Find the time constant of RL circuit having R=10 and L=0.1mH. (May/June 2013)

12. A series circuit has R=10, L=2H. What value of capacitance will make the circuit
critically damped? (May/June 2013)

PART B
1. A series circuit consists of R-C in series with switch and supply voltage E, the
capacitor has initial charge EO. Find the transient voltage VC(t) when the switch is
closed at t=0. (May/June 2009)
Ans: Refer section 6.9, Page.No.6-20 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
2. A sinusoidal voltage of frequency 25 Hz is connected in series with switch and
=10 and L = 0.1 H. Calculate the transient current i (t). (May/June 2009)
Ans: Refer problem 6.14.9, Page.No.6-39 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

3. In the circuit shown below the switch S is in position 1 for a long time and brought to
position 2 time at t=0. Determine the circuit current. (June /July 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 6.15.9, Page.No.6-54 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
4. In the series circuit shown in Fig. the switch is closed on position 1 at t = 0. At t = 1
milli second, the switch is moved to position 2. Obtain the equations for the current
in both intervals and draw the transient current curve. (Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 6.15.9, Page.No.6-54 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
5. A series RC circuit with R = 100 and C = 25 F is supplied with a source of
200sin (500 t) V. Find the current in the circuit. Assume initial charge on the
capacitor is zero. (Nov/Dec 2009)
Ans: Refer problem 6.14.5, Page.No.6-35 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
6. In the circuit shown in figure, the switch S is closed at time t = 0 in position 1 and
changed over to position 2 after one millisecond. Find the time at which the current
is zero and reversing its direction. Assume that the changeover of switch from
position 1 to 2 takes place in zero time. (June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 6.15.9, Page.No.6-54 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
7. In the circuit shown in figure, find the expression for current if the switch is closed at
t = 0 and the value of current at t = 1 millisecond. Assume initial charge on the
capacitor is zero. (June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 6.14.5, Page.No.6-35 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
8. Using Laplace transform, obtain the expression for i1 and i2 in the circuit shown
below, when dc voltage source is applied suddenly. Assume that the initial energy
stored in the circuit is zero. (April/May 2011)

Ans: Refer problem 6.14.6, Page.No.6-37 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
9. In t he circuit shown below, nd the expression for the transient current. The initial
current is as shown in the gure. (April/May 2011)

Ans: Refer Class notes.

10. Derive the expression for the complete solution of t he current response of RC series
circuit with an excitation of Vcos(t + ). Briey explain the signicance of phase
angle in t he solution. (April/May 2011)
Ans: Refer problem 6.12.1, Page.No.6-26 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
11. Derive the transient response of series R-L-C circuit, with DC input using Laplace
transform. (May/June 2012)
Ans: Refer section 6.10, Page.No.6-21 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
12. Derive the step response of RL and RC circuits. Compare their performances.
(May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer section 6.8 & 6.9, Page.No.6-18 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

UNIT - V
THREE PHASE CIRCUITS
PART A
1. Calculate the power factor if V (t) = Vm sin (t 45) and I (t) = Im sin (t 135).
(May/June 2009)

2. What are the advantages of 3-phase system over 1-phase system? (May/June 2009)
The output of the 3 system is higher than the 1 system.
For transmission and distribution of electrical power, 3 system is more
economical than a 1 system.
Creation of Rotating Magnetic Field (RMF) with stationary coils is possible
only in 3 ac system.
3 supply system can be used as 3 single-phase ac systems.
3. Draw the phasor diagram of phase and line voltages and currents in a delta
connected balanced load. (June /July 2009)

4. Write the expression for power factor in balanced three-phase circuit. (June /July
2009)

5. A 3-phase 400 Volts supply is given to a balanced star connected load of impedance
8+j6 ohms in each branch. Find the line current. (Nov/Dec 2009)

6. List out the methods of power measurement in three phase balanced circuits.
(Nov/Dec 2009)
1. One Wattmeter method.
2. Two Wattmeter method.
3. Three Wattmeter method.
7. In the circuit shown in figure, find the rms value of line current and phase voltage.
(June 2010)

8. In the circuit shown in figure, find the total power consumed by the 3 load. (June
2010)

9. In a three-phase balanced delta system, the voltage across R and Y is 4000 V. What
will be t he voltage across Y and B? Assume RYB phase sequence. (April/May 2011)

10. Calculate the power factor if v (t) = Vm sin (t) and i (t) = Im sin (t 45).
(April/May 2011)

11. A 3-phase 440V supply is given to a balance star connected load of impedance
j8) in each branch. Find the magnitude of the line current. (May/June 2012)

(6-

12. Define power factor of a circuit. (May/June 2012)

Power factor is defined as the cosine of the angle between the applied voltage and
current from the supply. It is also defined as the ratio of resistance to the impedance.
Power factor = cos

(or)

Power factor =

13. What is phase sequence of 3-phase system? (May/June 2013)

The sequence (order) in which the voltages in three phases of a 3 system reach their
maximum positive values is called as phase sequence.
14. A delta connected load has (30 j40) impedance per phase. Determine the phase
current if it is connected to a 415 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz supply. (May/June 2013)

PART B
1. Prove that for balanced supply and unbalanced load of 3-phase system, two watt
meters are sufficient to measure power. (May/June 2009, April/May 2011)
Ans: Refer section 8.11 Page.No.8-48 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
2. Derive the formula for total power consumed in unbalanced Y connected load.
(May/June 2009)
Ans: Refer section 8.8, Page.No.8-30 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
3. Explain a method to determine power factor in 3-phase system. (May/June 2009)
Ans: Refer section 8.12, Page.No.8.58in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
4. A three phase delta connected load has Zab = (100+j0), Zbc = (- j 100) and
Zca = (70.7+j70.7) is connected to a balanced 3-phase 400V supply. Determine the
line currents Ia , Ib and Ic. (June /July 2009)
Ans: Refer problem 8.8.6, Page.No.8-40 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
5. Derive the expression for the total power in a 3 phase balanced circuit using two
wattmeters. (Nov/Dec 2009)
Ans: Refer section 8.11, Page.No.8-48 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
6. The power input to a 2000 V, 50 Hz, 3 phase motor is measured by two wattmeters
which indicate 300 kW and 100 kW respectively. Calculate the input power, power
factor and the line current. (Nov/Dec 2009)
Ans: Refer problem 8.12.1, Page.No.8-59 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.

7. Determine the line currents and the total power for the unbalanced connected
load Shown in figure. A 3-phase supply, with an effective line voltage of 240 V is
given to the circuit. (Nov/Dec 2009)

Ans: Refer problem 8.8.3, Page.No.8-37 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
8. Two wattmeters are connected to measure the power in a 3, 3 wire balanced load.
Determine the total power and power factor if the two wattmeters read (1) 1000 w
each, both positive (2) 1000 w each of opposite sign. (June 2010)
Ans: Refer problem 8.13.2, Page.No.8-63 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
9. Determine the line currents for the unbalanced delta connected load shown in figure.
Phase sequence is RYB. (June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 8.8.8, Page.No.8-39 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
10. An unbalanced star-connected load is supplied from 3 , 440V, symmetrical system.
Determine the line currents and the power input to the circuit shown in figure.
Assume RYB sequence. Take phase voltage VRN as reference in the supply side.
(June 2010)

Ans: Refer problem 8.8.2, Page.No.8-36 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
11. A balanced -connected load has one phase current IBC = 2-90 A. Find the other
phase currents and the three line currents if the system is an ABC system. If the line
voltage is 100 V, what is the load impedance? (April/May 2011)
Ans: Refer problem 8.7.5, Page.No.8-25 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
12. The power consumed in a three phase balanced star connected load is 2 kW at a
power factor of 0.8 lagging. The supply voltage is 400 V, 50 Hz. Calculate the
resistance and reactance of each phase. (April/May 2011)
Ans: Refer problem 8.6.4, Page.No.8-16 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
13. A 3-phase balanced delta - connected load of (4+j8) is connected across a 400V, 3phase supply. Determine the phase currents and line currents. Assume the RYB
phase sequence. Also calculate the power drawn by the load. (May/June 2012)
Ans: Refer problem 8.6.1, Page.No.8-13 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
14. Obtain the readings of two wattmeters connected to a three-phase three-wire 120V
system feeding a balanced -connected load with a load impedance of 1230 W.
Assume either phase sequence. Find the phase power and compare the total power
to the sum of the wattmeter readings. (May/June 2012)
Ans: Refer problem 8.11.6, Page.No.8-56 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
15. The wattmeter method produces wattmeter readings P 1=1560 W and P2=2100 W
when connected to a delta connected load. If the line voltage is 220 V, calculate: (1)
the per-phase average power (2) the per phase reactive power (3) the power factor,
and (4) the phase impedance. (May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer problem 8.12.2, Page.No.8-59 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.
16. An unbalanced star connected load has balanced voltages of 100V and RYB phase
sequence. Calculate the line currents and the neutral current. Take: ZA = 15,
ZB=(10+j5), ZC=(6-j8). (May/June 2013)
Ans: Refer problem 8.8.10, Page.No.8-44 in 'Circuit Theory' by U.A. & A.V. Bakshi.