I

WlsJ Wi!tr l;rJnl!}f PfRs

'

disinfoctant
st<fldrv
olarifitr

Pl'im.lr\1
tfflutnt

convninutor

prtrnorv
olriftor

ilr COrlllrtssor

rtturn slud9f P""'4>

rov or prirnor slud<Jt

rit disposl

) 1999 Eneyclopotdia

Britannica, Inc,

slud9f tr..t,.., t illd 1

posol
ds

discltargo to
surfact watw
(or tortiary
troatlllfl\t
lfnt)

(/

(l

!?:rlim!Cl:g' 'I!eatm!n
n

Reirio:val of wast'watet constituents

-

(I

'

&tich as ,rags, _stiks, floatable grit, and

rease 1hatmay cause maintenance or
g
'
r.
A
(I

operational proolem with the,

treatrhrtt operations, :grocesses, and
ancillary: systell).fr

r.

Preliminary Treatment
' "

Prelirl)inary tretment consists of following units

S creenirtg

"

Grit Cliamber
1

Commimiters

Floatation Units

For reclovaLbf floating matter

For removal of sand ana grits.

'

For g-rinding large size sus ended solids

For removal of oil and grease

'
fl
fl
Skimming Tanks
Flow Measuring units such as partial flume
'

Pumps, !l
Pre-aeration Units

'

fl

,.

Primarv Treatment

. T J"JJ'"lf""'f'; :t
r.

1":

ll

'Tlf.I'Gl
li

(I

Removal of a' portion of the sus'pended.

lio

!J

solids and organic matter from

'

the wastewater.,

,.

.'

r.

"

Adv:anced Erimag-Treatment.

-'Y

1"i'""" t:;r

T 'I!' r

"'(

(h

'T

,.;.

'J..,. ,-1

. Enhahcer.d rm9vai o su,Ppended

s olids and organic'matt.er from the .

"
,_wastewater. :ry;pically
.

accomplished by f:hemical

'

r.

,addition or'filtration know,n as

'

Coagulatien and Fl<1>c,culatiqn.

..

Primary Treatment
Primary treatment consists of following
processes/units

Sedimentation

Primary Settling Tanks

Coagulation

Secondary Settling Tank

Flocculation

'

.' I
'

"

tJ/!'"

"

I.

nqagr rre!De !
<

'

. Removal ofpiodegradbl organic

matter [insoluble or 'suspension state}
nd suspended solids. Disipfection is
also typicallx includedjn the ,
definition of copventional sec;ondar
=treatment

(I

"

.'

r.

11

Secondar Treatment with .

,../"""":t-{?

"'

,...

<>

..il fF

"r.;..

,.......! r;r

. Nutrient Removal
..

.trT-1't:'-!( 1'1';"' ,..

'

,"

f'

.,.,.

:p.(

"f
'

"" Removal of biodegradabJe

or.ganics, -suspendedt:sofids, ar:td
trients
(nitrogen
nhosp])orus,
or
nu
k
I
'
I r.
both nitr9gen and phosphorus) '"'
r.

'

li

r.

I
r.

Secondary Treatment
Secondary Treatment Process for Wastewater
Applications:

Aeration Systems

Biological Treatment Systems

Sludge and Bio solids Processing Systems

Secondary treatment consists of following

processes.

Activated Sludge Process

Oxidation Ponds and lagoons
Trickling Filter

'

!
n
tP.!
a
e
e
e
!
T
!f:
!
!
rf
!
<

"

RelfloVal of residul suspended solids.

'
li
'
r.
(after secondary treatment),
,
(,

r.

"'

usually by granular medium filtration or

micro screens., Disirifechon is
r.

(,

(I

alo typically a part of tertiary treatment.

A

Nutrient removal is often

'

""

included in this definition fl

'

'

'

li

Tertiary Treatment
Tertiary treatment consists of following
processes and units.

Membrane Filtration and Separation

Dechlorination and Disinfection Systems

Reverse Osmosis (RO) Systems

Ion Exchange
Activated Carbon Adsorption
Physical/ Chemical Treatment

..

..

I.

'

Functions of Water Treatm.en l)riits (/

Floating matter
,
Suspended )llatter

Suspended matter, a part of colloidal

Coagulation

matter and baderia

Chemical metliods

Iron;Manganese, etc.

Filtration

Rejllaining olloid,a1 dissolved matter,

bacteria
Pathogenic bacteria, Otganic matter
and Reducing substances
Hardness

Aeration, chemicals use

Colour, Odour,Taste

Source of Domestic Wastewater

Toilet Flushing
Bathing
Laundry
Kitchen
Others