Beruflich Dokumente
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NATIONAL
CHEMISTRY OLYMPIAD
NATIONAL EXAM PART III
Prepared by the American Chemical Society Laboratory Practical Task Force
2 lab questions
laboratory practical
1 hour, 30 minutes
Students should be permitted to use non-programmable scientific calculators. Cell phones and cameras
should not be allowed during the exam.
Lab Problem 1
A box of food coloring, available from a grocery store, contains one small bottle each of the color red,
yellow, blue, and green. You have been given two vials, one containing some green food coloring and the
other a mixture of the blue and the yellow.
Devise and carry out a procedure to determine:
1) Which solvent-paper combination gives the best separation of the dyes present in the mixture of the
blue and yellow food coloring, and
2) Which dye(s) is (are) present in both the mixture of the blue and yellow food coloring and in the
green food coloring.
Lab Problem 2
A bottle of acetic acid of unknown molarity is found in a chemical storeroom. The determination of the
concentration of this acid has been assigned to you. You find some standardized sodium hydroxide
solution, but there are no indicators in the storeroom. Just before giving up, you remember that you
brought grape juice to drink with your lunch today. In addition to a number of other organic compounds,
red and purple grapes contain multiple anthocyanins, naturally occurring compounds which can act as
acid-base indicators.
Devise and carry out a procedure to determine the concentration of the acetic acid. You should keep
detailed notes of your data and observations, and show all your calculations.
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Examiners Initials:
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Page 3
4. Which dye(s) is (are) present in both a mixture of blue and yellow food coloring and in the green food
coloring?
5. Provide the order in which the colors are separated with the brown paper-salt water combination.
Compare that order with the order of the white paper-salt water combination. Describe a possible
explanation for the difference.
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Examiners Initials:
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Page 5
Page 6
Property of ACS USNCO Not for use as a USNCO National Exam after April 28, 2014
amount of substance
ampere
atmosphere
atomic mass unit
Avogadro constant
Celsius temperature
centi prefix
coulomb
density
electromotive force
energy of activation
enthalpy
entropy
equilibrium constant
n
A
atm
u
NA
C
c
C
d
E
Ea
H
S
K
CONSTANTS
M
mol
h
P
k
Q
s
c
T
t
VP
V
V
R = 8.314 Jmol 1K
R = 0.0821 Latmmol 1K
1 F = 96,500 Cmol
1 F = 96,500 JV1mol
EQUATIONS
E Eo
1
1A
1
H
RT
ln Q
nF
k E 1 1
ln 2 a
k1 R T1 T2
H 1
ln K
constant
R T
18
8A
2
He
3
Li
2
2A
4
Be
13
3A
5
B
14
4A
6
C
15
5A
7
N
16
6A
8
O
17
7A
9
F
6.941
9.012
10.81
12.01
14.01
16.00
19.00
20.18
11
Na
12
Mg
13
Al
14
Si
15
P
16
S
17
Cl
18
Ar
22.99
24.31
26.98
28.09
30.97
32.07
35.45
39.95
19
K
31
Ga
32
Ge
33
As
34
Se
35
Br
36
Kr
1.008
4.003
10
Ne
20
Ca
3
3B
21
Sc
4
4B
22
Ti
5
5B
23
V
6
6B
24
Cr
7
7B
25
Mn
8
8B
26
Fe
9
8B
27
Co
10
8B
28
Ni
11
1B
29
Cu
12
2B
30
Zn
39.10
40.08
44.96
47.88
50.94
52.00
54.94
55.85
58.93
58.69
63.55
65.39
69.72
72.61
74.92
78.96
79.90
83.80
37
Rb
38
Sr
39
Y
40
Zr
41
Nb
42
Mo
43
Tc
44
Ru
45
Rh
46
Pd
47
Ag
48
Cd
49
In
50
Sn
51
Sb
52
Te
53
I
54
Xe
85.47
87.62
88.91
91.22
92.91
95.94
(98)
101.1
102.9
106.4
107.9
112.4
114.8
118.7
121.8
127.6
126.9
131.3
55
Cs
56
Ba
57
La
72
Hf
73
Ta
74
W
75
Re
76
Os
77
Ir
78
Pt
79
Au
80
Hg
81
Tl
82
Pb
83
Bi
84
Po
85
At
86
Rn
132.9
137.3
138.9
178.5
180.9
183.8
186.2
190.2
192.2
195.1
197.0
200.6
204.4
207.2
209.0
(209)
(210)
(222)
87
Fr
88
Ra
89
Ac
104
Rf
105
Db
106
Sg
107
Bh
108
Hs
109
Mt
110
Ds
111
Rg
112
Cn
113
114
Fl
115
116
Lv
117
118
(Uus)
(Uuo)
(223)
(226)
(227)
(261)
(262)
(271)
(270)
(277)
(276)
(281)
(280)
(285)
(294)
(294)
(Uut)
(284)
(289)
(Uup)
(288)
(293)
58
Ce
59
Pr
60
Nd
61
Pm
62
Sm
63
Eu
64
Gd
65
Tb
66
Dy
67
Ho
68
Er
69
Tm
70
Yb
71
Lu
140.1
140.9
144.2
(145)
150.4
152.0
157.3
158.9
162.5
164.9
167.3
168.9
173.0
175.0
90
Th
91
Pa
92
U
93
Np
94
Pu
95
Am
96
Cm
97
Bk
98
Cf
99
Es
100
Fm
101
Md
102
No
103
Lr
232.0
231.0
238.0
(237)
(244)
(243)
(247)
(247)
(251)
(252)
(257)
(258)
(259)
(262)
Property of ACS USNCO Not for use as a USNCO National Exam after April 28, 2014
Page 7
1.
Experimental Plan
An average response indicated that the experiment relied on paper chromatography. It gave a plan for
using all six combinations (2 types of paper 3 eluents) on the mixture of blue and yellow food coloring,
then using the most effective combination to analyze the green food coloring. (Using all six combinations
on each of the two types of food coloring was also reasonable.)
An excellent response gave more details about the mechanics of paper chromatography, for example by
drawing a sketch of the proposed setup.
2.
3.
Best separation
The white paper/salt water combination worked best.
Experimental Plan
a. Statement that this was a titration task.
b. Plan to use volumes of acetic acid solution, standardized NaOH solution, and grape juice indicator that
seem reasonable for a titration analysis.
c. Specific equipment used is properly described (e.g.: a 10 mL graduated cylinder).
2.
3.