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Philippine-American War

The Philippine-American War is an armed conflict between the United States, and the Philippine rebels.
The Philippine-American War began on February 4, 1899, when Pvt. William Grayson of Company D, 1st
Nebraska Volunteers shot Corporal Anastacio Felix of the 4th Company, Morong Battalion.
Battles:

The Battle of Manila was fought on February 4th and February 5th 1899 between 12,000

Americans and 15,000 Filipinos. It was the first and largest battle fought during the war.

On February 10, 1899 Brig. Gen. General Arthur MacArthur progressed towards

Caloocan, an eminent railroad center 11 miles (17 km) north of Manila after capturing La Loma.
Trainloads of Filipino soldiers were seen landing in the town. In addition to, this created a
blockade to Malolos, Aguinaldo's capitol. Trenches were put up by General Antonio Luna with
the help of Belgian-trained engineer, Jose Alejandrino to defend Caloocan. This is known as The
Battle of Caloocan.

On April 10, U.S. General Henry W. Lawton captures Filipino stronghold of Santa Cruz

and pushes into Laguna province on Luzon. This battle is known as The Battle of Santa Cruz.

The Battle of Pagsanjan was a short strife, between the 1st Battalion of Sharpshooters,

under the command of Brig Gen. Charles King, and Philippine Nationalists during the Laguna
Campaign of the Philippine-American War, that took place on April 11 1899.

The Battle of Paete took place, on April 12, 1899 where Gen. Lawton's forces disbanded

Filipinos blocking the route to Paete in a stiff fight. Paete taken by the Americans. Last action of
the Laguna Campaign.

On April 23, 1899 Philippine General Gregorio del Pilar stops American cavalry scouts

on Luzon, but is then routed after an artillery bombardment and infantry ground assault. This is
known as the Battle of Quingua.

On June 4, Gen. Antonio Luna was assassinated in the plaza of rectory at Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija.

On June 13, 1899 On Luzon, Lawton's American forces overwhelmingly defeat a large

Philippine force under General Pio del Pilar, and inflict heavy casualties on the enemy in 2nd
largest battle of the Philippine-American War. After this battle the Filipinos decided to start using
guerilla tactics. They discovered that they could not square of the Americans, so they used their
terrain to their advantage. In this battle 15 Americans were killed and 140-150 filipinos were
killed. Both sides suffered after hours of fighting. In the end Americans still won.

The Battle of San Jacinto, occurred on November 11, 1899 is where U.S. General Lloyd

Wheaton drives Filipinos out of San Jacinto, Luzon.

The Battle of Paye, which occurred on December 19, 1899 is Filipino General Licerio

Geronimo overwhelmingly defeats an American brigade under General Lawton, in which Lawton
is killed.

The Battle of Pulang Lupa, took place on September 13, 1900 where Filipino resistance

fighters under Colonel Maximo Abad ambush 55 Americans and kill, wound, or capture all of
them. In the battle of Pulang Lupa the Americans had their worst defeat during the war. The
elections in America was said to be decided by the outcome of this war. Abad and most of his
comrades escaped the Americans, but the population of the Philippines was falling. This was to
the later outcome of many guerillas surrendering meaningless man-power for the resistance. The
new tactics caused Abad to surrender in April 1901.

On September 17, 1900 Filipino forces outmaneuver and overwhelmingly defeat

American forces on Luzon. This is known as The Battle of Mabitac

On March 13, 1901, American forces captured Pres. Emilio Aguinaldo

Pres. Theodore Roosevelt releases a proclamation, which ends the Philippine-American

War.

12,000-20,000 Filipino Soldiers, and 250,000-1,000,000 Filipino Civilians were killed in the Philippine
American War. While 4,234-6,165 American Soldiers died during the War
Socially, Americans became aware of the corruption in other nations and wanted to help. They adopted
this idealism because of the beliefs in Darwinism. Filipinos came to resent the United States for not
giving their full-fledged freedom.

Filipino Commanders, and Leaders during the War:


Emilio Aguinaldo
Antonio Luna
Artemio Ricarte
Apolinario Mabini
Miguel Malvar
Gregorio Del Pilar
Manuel Tinio
Macario Sakay
Dionisio Seguela
Vicente Alvarez
Sultan of Sulu
American Commanders, and Leaders during the War:
William McKinley
Theodore Roosevelt
Elwell Stephen Otis
Arthur MacArthur, Jr.

John M. Stotsenburg
John J. Pershing
Jacob H. Smith
Henry Lawton
Frederick N. Funston
Peyton C. March
Edward McConville
Leonard Wood

Vocab:
Ambushan act or situation of attacking unexpectedly from a hidden location .
Assassinateto kill unexpectedly or secretively, especially a politically important person; murder on purpose and
treacherously.
Barricadeany interference of passage or progress
Bombardto attack using artillery fire
Casualtiesa member of the Armed Forces lost to service through death, wounds, sickness, or capture
Guerillathe use of hit-and-run tactics by small, mobile groups of soldiers performing in a domain controlled by a
hostile force
Trenchesa lengthy, limited excavation in the ground, the earth from which is thrown up in front to provide as a
shelter from enemy fire or attack.

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