MOTIVATION

Motive: an inner state of our

mind that moves or activates or
energises
and
directs
our
behaviour towards our goals.

Motives of expressions of a
persons goals and needs

MOTIVATION
It is the process that
motivates a person into action
and induces him to continue the
course of action for the
achievement of goals
Its an ongoing process .

MOTIVATION

Motive

Goal

Behavior

MOTIVATION THEORIES
MASLOWs NEED HIERARCHY THEORY :
Actualization
Needs
Esteem and
status needs
Social Needs
Safety and
Security needs
Physiological
Needs

Maslows Hierarchy Theory

1. Physiological needs :
basic needs like food,
clothing, shelter, air,water and necessities of life
2. Safe and Security needs : Economic security and
protection from physical dangers
3. Social Needs : Belongingnesswant to be recognized
and acceptedinteracts with others
4. Esteem Needs : Self esteem , Self respectself
confidence,achievement competence,knowledge
,independence
5. Self Actualisation : Self fulfillment ..an entrepreneur
achieves self actualisation in being a successful
entrepreneur.

McClelands Acquired Needs

Theory
A person acquires three types of needs as a result of
ones life experience
1. Need for Affiliation :
Needs to establish and
maintain friendly and warm relations with others
2. Need for power : Desire to dominate and influence
others by using physical objects and actions
3. Need for Achievement :
Desire to excel and
accomplish something with own efforts
Need for achievement
Entrepreneur

is

dominating

one

for

MOTIVATING FACTORS
INTERNAL FACTORS :
1. Desire to do something new
2. Educational background
3. Experience
EXTERNAL FACTORS :
1. Govts assistance support
2. Availability of Raw material labour
3. Encouragement from big business houses
4. Promising demand for the product.

MAJOR MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS

1. Possessing of Technical Knowledge

and Experience
2. Heavy demand for the particular
product
3. Governmental and Institutional
assistance available to enter industry
4. Enterprising attitude..to do something
independently in life

Testing Entrepreneurial
Motivation
1. As and when I face with a problem , I always try to
find a new solution to overcome it.
2. I take decisions even if am not sure of outcome.
3. I have a strong desire for social interaction.
4. I remain stick to my approach even while doing
something right for the first time.
5. I have my plan for ten years.
6. If I have to work in a new situation, I sort out the
requirements of the new situation.
7. I take problems as challenges.
8. Continuous problem facing makes me weaker in
decision making.

Testing Entrepreneurial Motivation

9. I revise my business goals in view of changing
business environments.
10. I keep my income into consideration.
11. While dealing with a problem, I tend to get struck.
12. In case of the need of the situation, I know I could
find some alternative source of income.
13. I thrive on facing challenges.
14. I do not depend on others for directions.
15. I think over how to improve my working.
16. I derive satisfaction after facing a challenge.
17. I begin my day with a list of things to be done.
18. I like to work with others.

Testing Entrepreneurial Motivation

19. Job loss frightens me.
20. I am not good at tackling with several problems
at a time.
21. I find myself quite resourceful to tide over tight
situations.
22. I prepare a plan before actually working on a
project.
23. I try to solve problems by newer ways and
means.
24. I like to be my own boss.
25. I do not feel completely comfortable with myself
at all times.

The Scoring
1. Goal setting

5T

9T

16 T

17 T

22 T

2. Problem Solving

7T

8F

13 T

20 T

23 T

3. Uncertainty Bearing 2 T

6T

10 F

12 F

19 F

4. Independence

3F

14 F 18 F

24 T

25 F

5. Innovating

1T

4F

15 T

21 T

11 F

Achievement Motivation
Need for achievement is an inner spirit that
activates an entrepreneur to strive for success.
Desire to do well
McCleland conducted experiments with
businessmen in 3 countries Malawi,India and
Euqadar Full fledged training program .

Kakinada Experiment
Kakinada is an Industrial town in Andra
Pradesh. January 1964
Objective : To break the barrier of limited
aspirations by inducing achievement
motivation.
52 businessmen SIET (Small Industry
Extension Training Institute) hydrabad.
3 Batches 3 months training

Kakinada Experiment
Syllabus to help the trainees to improve imagination and
enable them to introspect
their motivation
1. Strived to attain concrete & regular feedback
2. Sought models of achievement to emulate
3. Thought of success and accordingly set plans and
goals
4. Encouraged to think and talk themselves in a positive
manner.
The participants behavior tested after 2 years

Kakinada Experiment
Participants performed better than others
Thematic Appreciation Test : TAT
Ambition related pictures were shown and asked to
interpret the picture and what is happening in the
picture.
All the thematic related to achievement were counted and
thus final score represented ones need for
achievement
Training prog positively influenced
Junior Achievement Program- U.S.A
Young Enterprise - United kingdom

STRESS MANAGEMENT

YOGA - meditation
Hard Regular Exercise
Games
Recreation club

Ent.Development Program
Entrepreneurship is backbone for the
economy of a country
How to develop entrepreneurship ?
Entrepreneurs are born or made ?
Certain societies displayed great creative
power at particular periods of History..
Answer - Need for Achievement - Need
to achieve motivates people to work hard

Need for EDP

Behavioural Scientist McClelands
Kakinada Experiment..
Traditional beliefs did not seem to
inherit/breed an entrepreneurOnly
suitable training provides necessary
motivation to entrepreneurs
Achievement motivation had a positive
impact on the performance..

EDP - Objectives
1971EDPs are being conducted

Develop Entrepreneurial Quality i.e need for

achievement
Analyse environmental set up
Select Product
Formulate project for the product
Understand the process and procedure
Know the sources of help SSI
Acquire necessary managerial skills
Know the pros and cons in becoming an Entrepreneur
Appreciate the needed entrepreneurial discipline

EDP Course contents

Usually 6 weeks program
Gen. Intro. to Entrepreneurship SSI facilities
Motivation Training - Speakers
Management Skills Finance,Production,Marketing
Support system & procedure Apply,Obtain help
Funda. of Project Feasibility Study Viability of project
in view of marketing,Org,Technical,Financial and Social
aspects Training of Project report
Plant visits Real life situations Es behaviour,
personality, thoughts and aspirations.
To make trainees prepared to start their own enterprise

Phases of EDPs
Pre-Training phase : Selection of Es Arrangemnts Tie
up with Guest faculty- Inauguration Selection of tools and
techniques Formation of Selection committee to select
trainees Publicity Dev.Application form Training
material Pre-potential survey in the given Environ.
Training Phase : to bring desirable change Need for
achivement Trainer studies attitude- skill role
behavior most lacking E traits - knowledge of
tech/resource
Post Training Phase : (follow up)
Indicates our past performance/drawbacks
Review of pre-training- process of training past training
approach.

Performance of EDPs EDII Ahmedabad Survey

A.Sample of the study

Number

% of Total

1.EDPs covered

145

25

2.EDP Trainees covered

1295

30

3.Trainees interviewed

865

66.8

4.Trainees not available

430

33.2

B.Macro Performance

Number

% of Total

1.No. of units set by Trainees

277

21.39

2.Trainees actively under process

78

6.02

3.Potential start ups (1+2)

355

27.41

4.Trainees blocked under process

129

9.96

5.Trainees who gave up

381

29.42

6.Non-traceable trainees

146

11.27

7.Trainees not available i) Start Ups

ii)Non Start Ups

59
225

4.56
17.37

8.Actual start-up rate (1+7.1)

336

25.95

9.Expected final Startup rate (2+8)

414

31.97

End of Unit 2