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Abstract
IP multicast is a method of sending Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams to a group of
interested receivers
in a single transmission. It is
often employed
for streaming
media applications on the Internet and private networks. The method is the IP-specific version of
the general concept of multicastnetworking. It uses specially reserved multicast address blocks
in IPv4 and IPv6. In IPv6, IP multicast addressing replaces broadcast addressing as implemented
in IPv4.
The nodes in the network (typically network switches and routers) take care of replicating
the packet to reach multiple receivers such that messages are sent over each link of the network
only once. The most common low-level protocol to use multicast addressing is User Datagram
Protocol (UDP). By its nature, UDP is not reliablemessages may be lost or delivered out of
order. Reliable multicast protocols such as Pragmatic General Multicast(PGM) have been
developed to add loss detection and retransmission on top of IP multicast.
Efficient and intelligent use of bandwidth is paramount, particularly with the advent of
video, mobility, and cloud technologies. It is also critical considering the surge in related one-tomany or many-to-many communication-based applications. Multicast helps to fulfill the
requirement of such bandwidth-intensive applications with its inherent ability to replicate single
stream when and where necessary. Applications across industries such as finance, enterprise,
content-provider, entertainment, education, ISPs, and surveillance use multicast to optimize the
profit-potential of resources with efficient and quality service offerings.
aggregation is key to scaling unicast routing. Also, there are core routers that carry routes in the
hundreds of thousands because they contain the Internet routing table.
The following are some common delivery and routing protocols used for multicast distribution:
By
N.Elangovan
311513104016