TR-sizing

Developed by : Mahmoud Salama

DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER CALCULATIONS

Eng_Mah.salama@hotmail.com

01- (MV/LV) Transformer Sizing :-

>>>>>

Primary Rated Voltage (kV.)

13.8

Secondary Rated Voltage (kV.)

0.400

50

63

100

160

200

Max. Demand Load (kW)

1000

300

500

800

1000

1500

PF. After Correction

0.85

2000

2500

3000

Max. Apparent Power (KVA)

1176

Trans. Type

oil

Permissible loading percentage (%)

80

100

160

200

250

315

Calculated Trans. Rating (KVA)

1470.59

400

500

630

800

1000

The Nearest standard Trans. Rating (KVA)

1500

1250

1600

2000

2500

3150

Transformer Loading percentage (%)

78

COMMON STANDARD RATINGS FOR OIL TYPE TRANSFORMERS (KVA)

COMMON STANDARD RATINGS FOR DRY TYPE TRANSFORMERS (KVA)

.
%

* Consult your local area manufacturer for the available ratings.

SUCCEED RATING

02- Calculating Over current Protection device rating on the low voltage Side of the transformer :Transformer Design Current (Ib)

S(KVA) / (Sqrt (3) x kV)

Nearest Nominal Current of the Protective Circuit Breaker (In)

2165

Amp.

2500

Amp.

SUCCEED RATING

03- Calculating the Prospective Short Circuit Current across the low voltage side of the transformer :Short Circuit Fault Current (Isc)

Trans. Design Current (Ib) x 100 / Usc%.

Another Method
Isc = Vno load / {Sqrt (3) x Ztr.}

Trans. Rating

1500

KVA

Usc %

Total losses (w) =

20186.0

Isc*

43.30

KA

Rtr (mille-ohm) =

1.4

Ztr (mille-ohm) =

5.3

* Calc. Short circuit at the low voltage terminals of a transformer is considered the highest prospective value of SC at low voltage side.

Xtr (mille-ohm) =

5.1

Isc (KA)=

43.3

04- Calculating natural ventilation openings sizes required for the transformer room :Where :P=

20.186

KW

S=

0.18P/ Sqrt(H) =

Assume :-

H=

S' =

1.1 (S) =

P = the sum of the no-load losses and the full-load losses expressed in kW.
m2

S = the sectional area of the incoming-air orifice (m 2).

S = the sectional area of the outgoing-air orifice (m 2).

m2

H = height (centre to centre) of the outgoing air orifice above the incoming-air orifice (m 2).

Data Base
01- Standard Apparent power for MV/LV transformers and related nominal output currents :Ib (A)

TR. (KVA)

In(A)

50

72

80

63

91

100

100

144

160

160

231

250

200

289

320

250

361

400

300

433

630

315

455

630

400

577

630

500

722

800

630

909

1000

800

1155

1250

1000

1443

1600

1250

1804

2000

1500

2165

2500

1600

2309

2500

2000

2887

3200

2500

3608

4000

3000

4330

5000

3150

4547

5000

02- Transformer Losses

Oil type
TR. Rating
(KVA)

Pi (w)

Pcu (w)

50
63
100
160
200
300
500
800
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000

216
242
297
456
488
651
890
1231
1526
2016
2339
2653
3115

1396
1678
2382
3126
3677
5168
7960
11771
13358
18170
22626
26970
29736

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Dry type
TR. Rating
(KVA)

Pi (w)

Pcu (w)

100
160
200
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1600
2000
2500
3150

500
690
800
880
1000
1200
1400
1650
2000
2300
2800
3100
3800
5000
6100

2000
2700
3000
3300
4000
4800
5800
6800
8600
9600
11300
14000
17000
20000
24500

03- short circuit impedance voltage of the transformer %

Oil type
TR. Rating
(KVA)

Usc (%)

50

63

100

160

.
.
.
.

Dry type
TR. Rating
Usc (%)
(KVA)
100

160

200

250

Data Base
200

300

500

800

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

7.4

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

315

400

500

630

800

6.5

1000

6.5

1250

6.5

1600

2000

2500

3150

04 - Total losses of the transformer

Oil type
TR. Rating
(KVA)

Pt (w)

50

1612

63

1920

100

2679

160

3582

200

4165

300

5819

500

8850

800

13003

1000

14884

1500

20186

2000

24965

2500

29623

3000

32848

.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.

Dry type
TR. Rating
Pt (w)
(KVA)
100

2500

160

3390

200

3800

250

4180

315

5000

400

6000

500

7200

630

8450

800

10600

1000

11900

1250

14100

1600

17100

2000

20800

2500

25000

3150

30600