SUCCESS

Name:
Number:
Class: 8/___
1

CONTENTS
PART
1

READING
A

Gapped Text

Multiple Matching

KEY WORD TRANSFORMATIONS

VOCABULARY

Word Formation

Topic Vocabulary

USE OF ENGLISH
A

Multiple Choice Cloze

Open Cloze

WRITING

SPEAKING
REFERENCE

READING 1
WEARABLE COMPUTERS
If a new piece of technology appears, it always seems strange at first. The science
fiction writer Arthur C. Clarke said that advanced technology is like magic to people
who havent seen it before. However, we soon get used to it. We shop at
supermarkets every day and hardly notice what happens at the checkout as a laser
scans our products. In the 60s, though, when the barcodes that make it possible
were introduced, people thought it was an amazing idea.
The same is true of many things being developed today. If you knew what
technology companies are working on, you would be surprised. One area where
progress is being made very quickly is wearable computers. 1 .. and a number of
scientists and inventors are trying to find new ways to build them into clothes,
watches and headsets. If they succeed, it will mean a new era in computing.
One exciting idea is the EyeTap. This is a kind of computerized camera which is
worn over one eye. 2 .. Its far more, though, than just a digital camera connected
to your head. The computer can also add images or information to the scene you
are looking at. This could have many different users and completely change the way
people use computers.
Imagine, for example, that you are at a football match. If you are wearing an
EyeTap, you can do a number of thins. You can look at information and statistics on
the player you are matching at that moment. You can read comments from other
spectators which their EyeTaps transmit instantly around the stadium. 3 .. And you
can do all this without missing a single moment of the action on the pitch. When the
match gets a bit boring, you and your computer are already online so you can check
your e-mail and surf the internet without leaving your seat.
There are many other uses for this technology. Travel becomes a different
experience. Information on timetables, tickets, and possible delays is constantly
available. You can leave your guidebook at home because you have instant access
to any information you like about the sights you visit. You might even send live
pictures from your headset to the internet. 4 .. The days of showing people your
holiday photos when you get back home might be gone forever!
The EyeTap also means that learning languages changes. At the moment, learning a
foreign language means many hours of hard work. 5 .. If you need to know a word
or phrase, the EyeTap will instantly display it for you. You might even be able to
program your wearable computer to speak for you. Of course, people will still learn
languages for all sorts of different reasons, but tourists need never be stuck for
words again.
The EyeTap is just one example of how computers are becoming a part of every
moment of our lives. Its not without its problems, though. 6 .. Will we need other
peoples permission to record them every second? Do we really want to be
connected to a computer and to the internet every minute of every day? Theres a
danger that we might come to depend on this technology to help us in almost every
aspect of our lives.That will probably be fine, as long as everything works well. But
what happens when we get to the point where we need this technology for even
simple tasks and then things start to break down?

I.

Read the article quickly and tick the things the writer mentions.
technology and shopping

_______

technology and the environment

_______

technology and sports

_______

technology and work

_______

technology and tourism

_______

technology and clothes

_______

II. Read the article again. Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose
from the sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6). There is one extra sentence
which you do not need to use.
A. The whole idea of wearable computers raises a number of difficult questions.
B. From machines the size of rooms, computers have become smaller, cheaper
and smarter.
C. Many people claim that this is unlikely to happen in the near future.
D. Friends and family around the world can experience exactly what you are
experiencing.
E. You can still see through it while a computer records everything you look at.
F. With a wearable computer, all that effort becomes unnecessary.
G. Your own opinion can be added for everyone to read and respond to.
III. Match the words in the text Wearable Computers with the following definitions (ah). There are two extra definitions.
(

) progress

a) able to be gotten, taken or used

) connect

b) the act of allowing someone to do something

) available

c) to join or put two or more things together

) stuck

d) a strong feeling that you dislike someone or something

) permission

e) to need the help or support of someone or something else

) depend on

f) to discuss something with someone

g) development and improvement
h) not able to move

READING 2
TRANSPORT
Early humans dreamed of going faster and further than they could on foot. They
probably first achieved this in northern countries before 3000 BC (before Christ)
using skis. The wheel was invented around 3500 BC but carts were very slow
without roads. So for many centuries the fastest and most popular means of
transport was the horse, which can run at about fifty-five kilometers an hour. This
record for speed was unbroken until the end of the eighteenth century when the hot
air balloon and the railway both began to develop.
The hot air-balloon made its first free flight in 1783. Two Frenchmen, the Montgolfier
brothers, were working as papermakers when they had the idea for the balloon. A
fire heated the air, making the balloon rise. During the first flight, the two
passengers were admiring the view when they suddenly saw smoke! The balloon
was burning, but luckily, they managed to put the fire out and land safely.
The railway developed gradually from carts on tracks. The first vehicle with an
engine to run on tracks was developed in 1803 by an Englishman, Richard
Trevithick. In 1804, he took the first passengers, although they didnt have to buy a
ticket. Unfortunately, they were travelling in the train when it began to fall off the
tracks and Trevithick realised that the tracks were not strong enough to take the
weight of the train. The passengers escaped unharmed, but it was another example
of how dangerous the development of transport can be.
Perhaps unexpectedly, the bicycle didnt appear until around 1840 when a
Scotsman, Kirkpatrick McMillan, created the first one to have pedals. People rode
bicycle without pedals before then, but they were slow and not very popular. It took
around 140 years for McMillans design to develop into modern mountain bikes.
The twentieth century saw the development of many other means of transport,
including the hydrofoil and the hovercraft. The petrol-driven car (invented in 1885 in
Germany) completely changed the way people thought about transport, and so did
the aeroplane. People have always dreamed of flying. One day, in 1903, that dream
became a reality. Two American brothers, Wilbur and Orville Wright, managed to
make a short flight in their aircraft, the Flyer. From there, a huge industry grew that
allowed, and still allows, people to visit the whole world easily and cheaply.
The challenge for the twenty-first century is transport in space. Since the first Moon
Landing in 1969, technology has developed to give us the space shuttle (1981) and
even space tourists (2002). The future of transport will probably be as exciting as its
past.

I. Read the text and choose the answer A, B, C, or D which you think fits according to
the text.
1. The wheel didnt lead to fast means of transport because
A. people could already travel fast.
B. they invented it after skis.
C. good roads didnt exist.
D. people preferred to use horses.
2. The passengers discovered the fire
A. while they were checking the balloon.
B. while they were in the balloon.
C. before they left the ground.
D. after they landed on the ground.
3. The invention of the train
A. came as a complete surprise.
B. grew out of things that came before.
C. took longer than anyone expected.
D. didnt make Trevithick much money.
4. The writer is surprised by the fact that
A. the inventor of the bicycle was Scottish.
B. nobody had invented the bicycle earlier.
C. McMillans bicycle had pedals.
D. we waited over a century for the mountain bike.
5. What can we say about the aeroplane?
A. It had a great effect on peoples attitudes.
B. It wasnt as popular as the car was.
C. It came to the Wright brothers in a dream.
D. People didnt want to allow it at first.
II. Match the words in the box with the correct definitions.
cart

tracks

hydrofoil

vehicle

pedal

hovercraft

1. This is a kind of fast ship that partly lifts itself out of the water. _______________
2. This is a general word for a car, a bus, etc.

________________

3. This floats on a cushion of air on land or on water.

________________

4. Trains travel on two of these, made of metal.

________________

5. This has four wheels and might be pulled by a horse.

________________

6. You put your foot on this on a bicycle.

________________

READING 3

CHIPS WITH EVERYTHING

Imagine a tasty plate of chips, fried in hot oil until golden-brown, topped with a little
salt and served with ketchup. Think of a hot jacket potato, filled with butter and
cheese. Imagine a packet of delicious crisps that leave the flavor on your fingers to
be licked off when you have finished.
Wherever you go, you cant get away from them. They are everywhere, eaten by
everyone with practically every meal. 1- _____ But have you ever asked yourself
where they came from? (And I dont mean the supermarket!)
It all started in Peru. They grew potatoes there over 2,000 years ago. They werent
like the ones we know today. 2- _____ The first Europeans to try the potato were the
Spanish. In 1537, Spanish explorers discovered people eating what they called
papas. They brought this strange vegetable back to Spain in the 1550s.
People generally didnt like the potato. Lots of other vegetables were introduced
into Europe at the same time, like tomatoes and sweet potatoes, and people
preferred those to the unattractive potatoes. 3- _____ Very slowly, they spread
through Europe, although many people still thought potatoes were poisonous for
quite a long time.
There is a story that King Louis XVI (thats the sixteenth to me and you) of France
liked the potato and wanted to encourage people to eat them. He planted them in
the royal gardens, since he knew this would make them seem valuable and
desirable. 4- ____
Once they got used to this strange plant, it became a popular part of the French
diet.
So, what about chips? Well, the Belgians claim that they invented fried potatoes,
although nobody really knows for sure. The first mention of chips in England is by
the writer Charles Dickens in 1859. 5- _____ The Americans call them French fries
because soldiers from America went to France during the First World War and loved
the dish. Now, the Americans eat over 20 million tones of chips a year. (Thats
altogether, not each!)
Crisps are an American invention, although they call them chips (dont get
confused!). Everybody agrees that a Native American chef, George Crum, made the
first crisps in 1853. One day, a difficult customer wanted fried potatoes, sliced
thinly. When they arrived, he said they werent thin enough. 6- _____ In the end,
Crum got annoyed and sliced the potato as thinly as he could and fried it, then
added lots of salt. The dish was an immediate success.
So now you know. Next time youre in your favorite fast food place with your friends
eating chips, amaze them with your potato knowledge! Who knows? They might
even share their chips with you.

I-

What do the words and phrases refer to? Choose the correct option.

1- the ones (par. 3)

___________________

2- those (par. 4)

___________________

3- he (par. 7)

____________________

4- them (par. 8)

____________________

II-

Six sentences have been removed from the article. Choose from the
sentences A-G the one which fits each gap (1-6). There is one extra
sentence which you do not need to use.

A He mentions chips of potato fried in oil in one of his books.

B He kept sending them back to be sliced again.
C Ordinary people stole them and planted them in their own gardens.
D The original potatoes were smaller and tasted bitter.
E They are a good source of vitamins, surprisingly.
F They were given to slaves and prisoners because they were so cheap.
G We seem to love potatoes however they are cooked.

READING 4

TV REVIEW
Lucy Chang tell you whats new (and not so new!) on your screens this summer.
I always look forward to this time of year, and Im always disappointed! Its the time
of year when TV channels tell us their plans for the summer and every year I tell
myself that it might be different. It never is. Take Super TV, for example. This
channel, on our screens for five years now, broadcasts a depressing mix of game
shows and music videos. So what do we find in the new schedule? Im The One, a
game show with holidays as prizes, and VJTV, yet another music video programme
with brainless presenters. They are also planning to repeat the dreadful chat show
Star Quality, which is about as entertaining as watching grass grow. Why cant they
come up with new ideas?
Channel 9 does a little better. Now that Train Driver has finished, theyve decided to
replace it with Staff Room, a reality show that follows teachers around all day. It
should be the hit of the summer, giving us an idea of what really goes on when the
lesson is over. Who doesnt want to see and hear what teachers say about their
students at the end of the school day? Greta stuff! Together with Life in Aylesford
Street, the soap opera that everyones talking about, it looks like Channel 9 could be
the channel to watch this summer.
Over on BTV1, Max Read is back with Joke-a-Cola, the comedy show. The first series
was slightly amusing, the second hilarious. Lets wait and see what the third series is
like. Comedy is difficult to get right, but it ought to be great. I wish I could say the
same for the sitcom, Oh! Those Kids! Its enough to look at the expressions on the
faces of the cast! Its obvious they know its rubbish and the script is just so badly
written! Oh! Those writers!
The programme makers must think well watch anything. Thats just not true. People
might have hundreds of channels on their TV or might live near a cinema with a
dozen of screens. There is so much choice of entertainment these days-TV, the
cinema, the theater, even the internet- that they have to work hard to keep their
audience. What they should be doing is making new, exciting programmes. Where
are the programmes that make people think they must stay in to watch them?
We have to ask ourselves what entertainment is. We have to think about what
people do with their leisure time. Television has been popular for about 50-60 years
but it might not be popular forever. More people are going to the cinema and theater
than ever before. More people are surfing the internet or playing computer games
than ever before. If Oh! Those Kids! Is all that the TV can offer, why should we watch
it? With one or two exceptions, this summers programmes will make more people
turn off than turn on.

Read the text and for questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think
fits best according to the text.
1- At this time of year ________
a.
b.
c.
d.

the
the
the
the

TV channels change all their programmes

writer disappoints the TV channels with her reviews
writer hopes for something that never happens
writers favorite programmes often disappear.

2- What does They in line 20 refer to?

a.
b.
c.
d.

Super TV
The TV channels
The presenters
TV viewers

3- The write says that Staff Room will probably __________________ .

a.
b.
c.
d.

be successful
shock students
be worse than Train Driver
be on instead of Life in Aylesford Street

4- The writer thinks that joke-a-Cola is now ________________________ .

a.
b.
c.
d.

more difficult to understand

more popular with viewers
funnier than before
more like a sitcom

5- Because of the choice of entertainment ________________________ .

a.
b.
c.
d.

people watch more television

people move to areas with more facilities
programme makers have to tell lies
programmes have to be more exciting

6- The writer thinks that television __________________________.

a.
b.
c.
d.

will never be as popular as the theater is

should show more programmes about hobbies
could lose its popularity in the future
ought to provide more than just entertainment

10

VOCABULARY
A. Complete the chart. If you think there is no word for a particular space, leave it
blank.

NOUNS
1. height
2.
3.
4. danger
5.
6. wonder
7.
8. pride
9.
10.
11.population
12.
13.
14. science
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20. leader
21.
22. responsibility
23.
24.
25. photograph
26.
27. competition
28.
29. globe
30.
31.
32. information
33.
34.
35. variety

ADJECTIVES

VERBS
to isolate

beautiful
famous
necessary
angry
to create
to hope
dirty
comfortable
supportive
to experience
wide
to imagine
to use
frustrated
to cheer
to rob
to die
polluted
to please
decisive
to prevent

11

B. Look at the underlined verbs and expressions in this text. They are all in the
wrong position. Decide where they should go.
Albert knows all the people in his building, but he doesnt like them all. He (0) is not

keen on all the children because they smile and say hello to him. He (1) cant stand
the woman who lives on the second floor because she sometimes makes him a cake
and always helps him carry his shopping upstairs. The people who live directly
below him on the third floor are a different matter. He (2) fancies them because they
play loud music at night and throw trash on the stairs. He (3) is fond of the young
woman who lives next door as well because she has a noisy motorbike that
sometimes wakes Albert up. He (4) adores the man who lives on the top floor
because he used to be the mayor of the town and he secretly (5) loathes the old
lady who lives opposite him. Hes thinking of inviting her to dinner. He (6) admires
her sister, though, and they live together so hell probably have to invite her as well.

(0) is fond of
(1) ..

(4)

(2) ..

(5)

(3) ..

(6)

C. Make adjectives from the suffixes in the box to complete the chart below.
-ous
NOUN
hope
use
pain
music
noise
beauty
danger
politics
dirt
fame

-al

-ful

-y

ADJECTIVE

OPPOSITE

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..

hopeful

-less

hopeless

12

D. Complete the blanks with the verbs go, reach or get.

_____ better
_____ on sbs nerves

_____ a decision
_____ lost

____ red
_____ pale

____ an agreement
_____ to sleep

E. Complete the blanks with the preposition in, on or at.

___ a farm
___ an island
___ the beach

___ work
___ the North
___ the wall

___ the pavement

___ the city
___ the bus stop

___ a queue
___ home
___ the right/left

F. WORDS EASILY CONFUSED

party

crew

team

staff

crowd

band

1- A large _______ of people blocked off the street during the protest.
2- A member of a political _____ gave a speech in the town center last night.
3- One of the most famous _____ in music history was the Beatles.
4- The teaching _____ of our school has formed a basketball ______.
5- The ships _____ served drinks as the ship set sail.
chance

luck

opportunity

possibility

1- Im busy at the moment, but when I get the ________, Ill help you.
2- Job _______ for young and inexperienced people are limited.
3- I couldnt believe my _______ when I found $100 on the street.
4- The weatherman said there is a _______ of rain today.
aim

goal

challenge

success

ambition

1- People with ________ will always try to achieve their ________.

2- Their first album was a great _________ and sold two million copies worldwide.
3- The math problem was a/an _______ and took me over an hour to solve.
4- The ______ of environmental organizations is to stop environmental
destruction.

13

look

see

watch

stare

glance

notice

1- Did you ______ the tie he was wearing? It had pink elephants on it!
2- Bill ______ at his watch and started running.
3- I couldnt help _______ the big red spots on his face.
4- Dont ______ at people like that! Its really rude.
5- Always ______ left and the right before crossing the road.
6- I ________ a great sci-fi film last night.

G.Read the texts below and use the correct form of the words in capitals below to fill
the gaps.
DREAMING OF FAME
When I was a child I dreamt of becoming (0) famous.

FAME

The trouble was that I wasnt very (1) ____________ so I didnt MUSIC
have much chance of becoming a pop star. I am absolutely
(2) _____________ at most sports so it was obvious that I USE
wasnt going to have much (3) ___________

SUCCEED

with either. I used to be one of the (4) ______________ in our ACT

college drama group. I dont mind rehearsing but I get really
(5) _____________ whenever I have to perform. Everyone says NERVE
its really (6) _____________ to watch me. I go all red in the

PAIN

face and I forget my lines. It really is (7) ______________. I

dont think I have got much of a chance of becoming a (8)

HOPE

______________ actor either. Ill just have to live with being PROFESSION
completely (9) _____________.

KNOW

14

CHOOSING A CAR
There comes a time when not having a car becomes
(1) ____________ Choosing your first car is an (2) ____________ PRACTICAL/EXCITE
experience. Most mens (3) ______________ is so vivid that IMAGINE
they see themselves speeding along in a (4) _______________ POWER
sports car attracting (5) _________________looks from those ENVY
they pass. In (6) _________________ this does not happen that REAL
often. More practical and (7) _________ aspects have to be FINANCE
considered when choosing a car. The

(8)

_______________ is normally between a small city car which is CHOOSE

(9) ______________to run and easy to park and a larger family ECONOMY
car which would be more (10) ______________ and probably be COMFORT
fitted with more (11) _____________ features.

SAFE

POLITICS ON TV
I love watching (1) _________ programmes, and I love politics, DISCUSS
so youd think

Id enjoy watching (2) __________ being POLITICS

interviewed on TV. But I dont. All too often, (3) _____________ JOURNAL
ask them the most (4) ________ questions, and when they do

RIDICULE

get an interesting question,I sit there watching in (5) __________ BELIEVE

as some of the most (6) ____________ people in the country give POWER
totally (7) ____________ responses. Its as if they dont care CONVINCE
whether their reply is (8) ____________ or not. Often, they are

BELIEVE

very poor (9) _____________, and theyre frequently even more

COMMUNICATE

(10) ___________ about key issues than I am. I dont expect them INFORM
to be particularly (11) __________ - they are serious people, HUMOUR
after all but at least they could say something interesting
occasionally. It makes me want to stand for election myself!

15

CRIMINOLOGY
If you are considering becoming a (1) _________________ or thinking of

LAW

joining the police service, a knowledge of criminology is very useful.

It includes learning how (2) _______________ is

EVIDENT

collected and how (3) _________________ are conducted, but it also

TRY

involves learning about the psychology of crime, how

(4) _________________ think. This is very important in understanding

CRIME

why someone becomes an (5) ________________ and what makes them

OFFENSE

do what they do. Someone might commit (6) _________________, for

THIEF

example, for a number of reasons, ranging from poverty

to seeking attention. Knowing what motivates a (7) _________________

ROB

or a (8) _________________ might help in the prevention of crime and

MURDER

a reduction in (9) _________________ on the streets. The next time you

VIOLENT

hear about a crime on TV or in the newspapers, look at the

(10) _________________ and ask yourself what led this person to a

ACCUSE

life of crime.

Many people, perhaps even the (1) _____________, are not particularly

MAJOR

happy in their job. They go to work, get paid, and (2) ____________for

EMPLOY

them is just a way of paying the bills. This leads to (3) ____________at

LAZY

work and unhappy workers often dont show enough (4) ___________

POLITE

to customers or (5) _____________to their fellow workers. Many people

feel that they have no chance of (6) _________________
If you want to get (7) _________________ conditions.
If you want to get (8) ________________ from your work, make sure that

KIND
PROMOTE
WORK
ENJOY

it involves doing an (9) _________________ that you like. Ask yourself

ACTIVE

whether the job will have the same (10) ____________after five years.

ATTRACT

A careful choice now can give you a lot of (11) __________ in the future. HAPPY

16

Dear Mr Coco,
Thank you for your (1) _________________for the position of manager.

APPLY

I am afraid that after a long (2) ____________we have decided to

DISCUSS

appoint someone else. We would like to explain our (3) _____________.

CHOOSE

All of us were a little surprised by your (4) ______________when you

APPEAR

came for the interview. Dressed like a clown was the (5) _____________ DESCRIBE
used by one of us. A great (6) _________________ of different people work VARY
for us, but we thought the red nose showed a lack of (7) _____________. RESPONSIBLE
We were all in (8) _________________ that many of our customers

AGREE

would have great (9) _________________ in taking seriously a manager

DIFFICULT

in size 76 shoes.
We hope this (10) _________________ helps. I would like to finish by

EXPLAIN

expressing my (11) _________________ that you will go far in show

BELIEVE

business.
Yours faithfully,
Justine Carter,
Personnel Manager

BUSKING
Street (1) _________________, or buskers, help make any city centre a

PERFORM

place of (2) _________________. In any major city, you can find young,

ENTERTAIN

(3) _________________ people juggling, playing the guitar or even doing

EMPLOY

magic tricks for money. All they need is a (4) _____________ place to

SUIT

perform and a good crowd. Some people might (5) _________________

APPROVE

of busking, but most people agree that its an (6) _________________

ENJOY

break to have an (7) _________________ show when youre out

EXPECT

shopping.
Some young people, (8) _________________ to afford a luxury trip

ABLE

around the world, busk in order to travel. Its (9) _________________, but

COMFORT

its cheap. Unless you are (10) _________________, a few hours playing

LUCK

will pay for a bed. The (11) _________________ is that you need to have

ADVANTAGE

some talent or you might go hungry!

17

MASS PROTEST IN CITY CENTRE

Many (1) _____________ to the city were surprised today to find the roads
blocked by (2) _____________ . Around ten thousand people took to

PROTEST

the streets to try to get (3) ______________ to take seriously recent

warnings from (4) ____________. They claim that unless

VISIT
POLITICS

ENVIRONMENT

something is done about the (5) ___________of our coasts, then many

PROTECT

(6) _________________ species of bird will disappear. Among those

DANGER

facing (7) _________________ is the rare puffin, found only in a few areas.

EXTINCT

Some (8) _________________ say that it may already be too late for

SCIENCE

this bird, but immediate action is needed to ensure the (9) ____________

SURVIVE

of other rare birds. The (10) _________________ of habitats all along our

DESTROY

shores and the effects of (11) ____________warming have been blamed. GLOBE

LATEST PHONE IS A MUST-HAVE!

The (1) __________ of Techno Phones latest model is eagerly awaited by

ARRIVE

gadget fans everywhere. The company has made certain (2) __________

CORRECT

to its software and the new phone works better than older models.
You can also record those (3) ___________moments with
a high-resolution camera. The (4) _______________ new phone does

FORGET
FASHION

everything the previous version did,but even better.

It is (5) _________________ that you regularly update the software

RECOMMEND

and only download applications from the official online store. New
updated programs allow you to download and store thousands of
songs and video clips at (6) _________________ any extra cost.
The public (7) ______________ to the new model has been very positive

HARD
RESPOND

and if you want to be the proud owner of the new model, call our
(8) ________________ desk NOW!

ENQUIRE

18

You can make a career from (1) _________________ TV. Some of

REAL

these television programmes will pay you to appear in their shows,

others will reward the (2) _________________. How successful you
are depends on how good your (3) ______________ is because,
after all, these shows are all about (4) ____________. Other
opportunities include being asked to make an (5) _______________

WIN
PERFORM
ENTERTAIN
APPEAR

on other television programmes. One star of Castaway now has a

regular job in a big London (6) _________________. The

MUSIC

disadvantages are firstly that, in a programme like Pop Idol, you have
to beat all the other (7) _____________ and in programmes

COMPETE

like Big Brother the (8) _____________ will be filming you

PRODUCE

24 hours a day. At some stage you are bound to say or do something

you may not be (9) ____________ proud of when you later

PARTICULAR

come out of that unusual situation. No-one, other than the other
(10) ______________, will know how extreme the situation

CONTEST

was and may not emphatize with you. If you are

(11) ______________ you may get celebrity status, but it may

FORTUNE

not be the kind you want!

A woman has lived in complete (1)____________ in a large house

ISOLATE

on a hill in North Yorkshire for the last fifty years. She (2) ___________

OCCASION

visits the nearby village to order food. She walks (3) ____________

CONFIDENCE

down the main street but she only speaks to the different shop
(4) _______________ in order to ask for something. Apart from that,

ASSIST

she doesnt speak to anyone at all. She receives a (5) ____________

DELIVER

of wood once a year for her fire but the van driver has (6) ____________ INSTRUCT
to leave it on the doorstep and go away. She must have been very
(7) ___________ when she was young and her clothes were

ATTRACT

probably (8) ___________ 50 years ago. She must be about

FASHION

70 years old now. She gives the (9) ____________ from the way

IMPRESS

she behaves that she might have been an (10) ____________

ACT

once. But nobody in the village knows who she is and they are
(11) _______________ to find out unless she tells them.

LIKE

19

H. Read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
James Dean
If you ask anyone to (1) ...... a famous rebel, the chances are they will say James
Dean. Who was James Dean, and was he really as rebellious as we believe?
James Dean was born in 1931 in Indiana, USA . His father was a dental technician.
The family (2) ..... to Los Angeles in 1936, but Dean returned to Indiana after his
mother died, where he was (3) ..... by his uncle and aunt. Dean was a bright and
hardworking student, and was not particularly rebellious at school. After returning to
California, Dean joined an acting workshop and was given minor roles in films, on
stage and in TV commercials. In 1951 he went to New York to further his acting
(4) ..... . Deans acting (5) ..... was soon recognized, and he was asked to join the
Actors Studio. As he wrote in a letter to his family in 1952: It is the best thing that
can (6) ..... to an actor. Television and theatre work followed, and Dean became
highly (7) ..... within the industry.
James Dean starred in only three films, and had only been world famous for just
over a year when he was killed in a car (8) ..... in September 1955.
It was his death at such a young (9) ..... , and the rebellious roles he played in the
films Rebel Without a Cause and East of Eden, rather than his off-screen. (10) ..... ,
that have made him a legend. Like Marilyn Monroe, Elvis Presley, and Frank Sinatra,
James Dean is an icon of the twentieth century.
1. A. call

B. tell

C. name

D. repeat

2. A. located

B. removed

C. lived

D. moved

3. A. brought up

B. grown up

C. taken over

D. taken off

4. A. job

B. career

C. work

D. employment

5. A. qualification

B. talent

C. knowledge

D. recommendation

6. A. become

B. take place

C. occur

D. happen

7. A. loved

B. adored

C. respected

D. worshipped

8. A. accident

B. misfortune

C. disaster

D. hit

9. A. era

B. period

C. age

D. time

10. A. condition

B. behaviour

C. quality

D. performance

20

TEEN SPENDING
A large-scale (1) ..... has been done by advertisers on the spending (2) ..... of todays
teenagers. It has (3) ..... with some fascinating results. Girls across Europe ranging
in age from 15 to 18 were interviewed. The researchers (4) ..... that these girls want
to be successful and
sophisticated and are willing to spend to (5) ..... the look they want when they
have the money, that is!
Feeling confident is the most important factor when it (6) ..... to buying clothes.
Another interesting (7) ..... of information coming out of the study is that German
teenagers
(8) ..... clothes that are practical and comfortable, while British and French
teenagers are more (9) ..... about appearance, although they all agreed that the
clothes should (10) .....
them properly.
All the girls who were interviewed (11) ..... for clothes regularly, half of them buying
something from a department store or a large clothes shop at least once a month.
They also see it it is as a (12) ..... activity and going round the shops with their
friends is the main way they learn what the latest trends are.
1. A. research

B. study

C. question

D. search

2. A. customs

B. actions

C. habits

D. methods

3. A. turned out

B. come up

C. gone down

D. brought out

4. A. created

B. invented

C. discovered

D. portrayed

5. A. reach

B. succeed

C. manage

D. achieve

6. A. goes

B. makes

C. comes

D. brings

7. A. amount

B. lot

C. piece

D. unit

8. A. go for

B. wear out

C. take back

D. make up

9. A. concerned

B. interested

C. keen

D. focused

10. A. dress

B. match

C. wear

D. fit

11. A. shop

B. buy

C. purchase

D. pay

12. A. friendly

B. team

C. linked

D. social

21

I.

Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions. Some prepositions can
be used more than once.
against

for

of

on

over

to

1. If you consume too many calories, you are at risk ______________ becoming
overweight.
2. Penny needs to work __________ her fitness if she wants to run a marathon.
3. Food that is high in cholesterol can contribute ___________ heart disease.
4. Eves personal trainer told her to focus _________ strength-building exercises
for now.
5. If you want to get in shape , why not become a member ___________ a gym?
6. All children should be vaccinated __________ diseases.
7. If you eat well and look after yourself, you could live to be ___________ 100
years old.
8. Your chances of success in the race depend ___________ how hard you train.
J.
1.

Complete the sentences with both words.

embarrassed

amused

a. Dont feel __________________ about your appearance. You look fine.

b. Why are you so ______________________? I dont think its all funny.
2.

remarkable

generous

a. Neil Amstrongs achievement was absolutely ___________________.

b. Dad is both kind and ___________________ with others.
3.

belief

legend

a. It is my _____________________ that everyone needs friends.

b. Have you heard the ____________________ of the ghost rider?
4.

ridiculous

aggressive

a. Please calm down. You shouldnt be so _________________ .

b. Its absolutely ___________________ to believe that the house is haunted.

22

5.

explanation

illusion

a. I know it looks like a pool of water, but its only an ____________________.

b. If there is an _____________________ for this mystery, Id like to know what it is.
6.

stage

process

a. The development of a new product is a long __________________.

b. The manufacturing of these laptops is done in one _________________.
7.

sore

tender

a. I have a __________________ throat and when I swallow food it hurts a lot.

b. The part of my hand where I cut myself is still _________________ and painful.
8.

innovation

invention

a. The __________________ of TV has changed our way of life dramatically.

b. We are living in a century of technological ____________________ .
9.

suits

fits

a. Well, the colour certainly ____________________ you.

b. Why not try it on and see if it ___________________ ?
10.

exchange

return

a. Hello, Id like to __________________ these shoes for a larger size, please.

b. I want to _________________this shirt and get my money back. Unfortunately,
its too big.
11.

offer

discount

a. Dont miss our __________________ on designer shirts!

b. Come in next week and get a fantastic _________________ .
12.

rob

steal

a. If you _______________from a shop, its called shoplifting.

b. The young man wants to _________________ the woman of her bag.

23

K. Choose the correct phrasal verb to fill the gap in each sentence.
1. The computer __________ a lot.
A. takes on

B. breaks down

C. comes on

D. puts in

2. I heard that they are _________ a new software company in town.

A. putting up

B. getting through C. taking back

D. setting up

3. I dont want to go out tonight because Im _________ for the holidays.

A. saving up

B. keeping up

C. getting by

D. making out

4. I ___________ quite a lot of money when my grandfather died.

A. came into

B. looked into

C. took off

D. let down

5. Did you manage to ___________ to Dennis on the phone yesterday?

A. put in

B. get through

C. take back

D. check in

6. The Carters dont have a lot of money, but they seem to _________ .
A. get by

B. break down

C. give up

D. close down

7. My dads decided to __________ a new washing machine.

A. cut off

B. take after

C. put in

D. come on

8. Scientists are _________ the possibility of life on other planets.

A. doing without

B. taking back

C. seeing off

D. looking into

24

USE OF ENGLISH
A- Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Dear Mr Harlow,
I would like to apply for the position of tour guide, which I 1) __________ (see)
advertised in our student magazine last week. I 2) __________ (be) 23 years old and I
3) _________ (just/ complete) a first degree in History at Szeged University. At
present, I 4) _________ (think) of continuing my studies at the postgraduate level
next year. Although I am not actually from Szeged, I 5) _________ (live) here for many
years and 6) _________ (know) the town and surrounding area very well. I 7) _________
(have) a good command of English and German, and I 8) _________ (learn) Spanish
for the past two years. Last summer, I 9) ________ (work) for three months as a
receptionist in a hotel in Budapest. This job involved giving foreign tourists
information about the city. I feel I would be suitable for the job you describe in the
advertisement because I know a lot about Szeged and its history. I 10) ________
(think) it is a beautiful town and I would enjoy showing tourists its attractions. It
would also be a wonderful opportunity for me to meet people from other countries. I
hope you 11) __________ (consider) my application seriously. I am available to attend
an interview whenever it is convenient.
Sincerely,
Janos Kelemen
B- Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form.
Dear Martha,
I 1) __________ (write) to tell you my good news. I 2) __________ (save) enough money
from my part-time job and, at last, I 3) __________ (decide/open) a flower shop. My
father 4) __________ (own) a shop years ago and he 5) __________ (always/give) me
some advice and suggestions. He is very glad about my decision and he

6)

__________ (think) that my shop (7) __________ (be) a success, because there isnt
another flower shop in the area.
The shop isnt ready yet. My brother 8) __________ (already/paint) the inside of the
shop and tomorrow he 9) __________ (paint) the outside. I 10) __________ (need) to
buy a new sign. My mother 11) __________ (want) me to call the shop Rose, but I
12) __________

(still/think) about it. Anyway, I just hope the local people

13) __________ (like) it. I 14) __________ (start) work next Monday. I 15) __________
(probably / phone) you sometime next week if I 16) __________ (have) time. Wish me
luck.

Best wishes, Nicky

25

PASSIVE VOICE PRACTICE

C- Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive or active tense.
Chocolate 1) __________ (be) a food that 2) __________ (make) from cocoa
beans. It can 3) __________ (eat) or 4) ___________ (drink).
The cocoa plant 5) __________ (first/grow) by the Mayas, Toltecs and Aztecs
more than 3,000 years ago. They 6) __________ (prepare) a drink from the beans and
often 7) __________ (use) the beans as currency instead of money.
Columbus first 8) _________ (take) the beans to Spain in 1502 and Hernan
Cortes later 9) _________ (introduce) the bitter cocoa-bean drink there, too. There, it
10) __________ (sweeten) and 11) __________ (flavor) with cinnamon and vanilla and
12) __________ (serve) hot. This drink 13) __________ (remain) a Spanish secret for
almost a hundred years before it 14) __________ (introduce) to France.
In 1657, a Frenchman 15) __________ (open) a shop in London selling solid
chocolate. Soon, more shops opened in other European capitals. During the 1700s,
the English 16) __________ (improve) chocolate by adding milk. Sweet

chocolate

17) __________ (produce) for the first time in 1847 by the English firm Fry and Sons.

D-

Every day, a lot of road accidents 1) ___________ (happen) because of various

reasons. Most of these accidents 2) _____________ (cause) by careless driving or bad

weather conditions. Two days ago, a car accident on Abbey Road

3) ___________

(report) to the police. A rescue helicopter 4) __________ (send) to the scene of the
accident immediately. According to the people who witnessed the accident, the
driver of one of the cars 5) __________ (go) much faster than the speed limit when it
6) __________ (crash) into another car coming from the other direction. Luckily, the
drivers of the two cars

7) _________ (not/ kill). However, they

8) _________ (injure) badly. Today, two days after the accident, the two drivers are
still in hospital under medical observation and with the help of the doctors, they 9)
_________ (try) to recover from the shock of the accident.

26

LOOKING AT OUR HEALTH

E- Do you often feel tired? You may be 1) _____ it on age or stress, or perhaps
you are 2) _____ putting it down to a low level of fitness. If so, then 3) _____
realizing it, you are ignoring important signs. Your health could actually be better.
A varied diet with 4) _____ of fresh fruit and vegetables is the basis of healthy
eating. But how many of us have the time and energy to plan nourishing menus
every mealtime? If you lead a busy life, you may not give health top 5) ______.
Running

6) _____ on nutrients is dangerous because you may be 7) _____of

anything being wrong.

Being rushed in our everyday lives makes us rely on fast food, 8) _____ nutrient
content is often low. We must 9) _____ that problems can arise from bad habits,
such as skipping breakfast and grabbing a few biscuits or a bar of chocolate midmorning instead.
The World Health Organization 10) _____ us on the correct amounts of vitamins
and minerals necessary for adults to be 11) _____ to function properly.
12) _____ conclusion, to avoid the possibility of being undernourished and
overweight, its time to take a look at our diet. Feeling tired may be our own
13) _____ .
1

A accusing

B blaming

C sentencing

D charging

A mostly

B easy

C barely

D simply

A without

B except

C unless

D neither

A all

B plenty

C many

D lot

A importance

B preference

C priority

D choice

A short

B less

C shortage

D insufficient

A unconscious

B unknown

C unfamiliar

D unaware

A which

B whose

C that

D where

A remember

B remind

C memorize

D recall

10

A recommends

B suggests

C advises

D consults

11

A capable

B able

C possible

D effective

12

A To

B With

C In

D At

13

A blame

B wrong

C guilt

D fault

27

ROLLERBLADING
If youre looking for a fun way to 1) _____ fit, get your skates on and try
rollerblading. 2) ______ the sports chief attractions is the fact that it gets you out
into the fresh air and its very good for socializing. In 3) _____ of its young, trendy
image, rollerblading is

4) _____for all ages and is a great activity for the

whole family. The main venues are parks. In big city parks there are always other
skaters around to give you 5) _____ and in some parks you can even 6) _____ a
private lesson.
Looking at the slim, futuristic shape of a pair of in-line-skaters, its hard to 7)
_____ how you could ever stand up in them, let alone skate. To 8) _____
confidence, start by 9) _____ them out on the living room carpet, as this will slow
down the movement, so you feel more 10) _____ control. If youve never iceskated, roller-skated, or skied youll 11) _____ find it strange at 12) _____. Its not
easy to have 13) _____ under your feet. The trick is to keep your knees bent with
your weight over the balls of your feet and to use your arms for balance.
The hardest part is getting 14) _____ the initial psychological fear of thinking you
cant do it, says Lindsay Cawston, Marketing Manager for Bauer. In the
beginning, I was 15) _____ of falling. However, after the occasional fall- which I
found more

16)_____ than painful- other skaters came to my assistance and I

quickly got the hang of it.

1

A keep

B continue

C control

D preserve

A Between

B One

C All

D Among

A addition

B spite

C order

D case

A fit

B suitable

C matching

D correct

A suggestion

B opinion

C warning

D advice

A reserve

B rent

C book

D programme

A imagine

B assume

C suppose

D realize

A take

B earn

C gain

D collect

A wearing

B putting

C trying

D examining

10

A in

B on

C with

D out of

11

A entirely

B mostly

C maybe

D probably

12

A start

B first

C beginning

D once

13

A something

B nothing

C anything

D all

14

A away

B on with

C over

D out of

15

A shocked

B scared

C alarmed

D startled

16

A sensitive

B shy

C ashamed

D embarrassing

28

THE SUPERMARKET TROLLEY

Today we take many 1) _____ for granted but one of the most useful ones is the not
so 2) _______________ supermarket trolley. Before the 1930s women shoppers went
into grocery stores with their own baskets. 3) _______________, they would only buy a
few things because their baskets wouldnt (4) _______________ much.
Sylvan Goldman of Oklahoma 5) _______________this and decided that he had to think
of a way to encourage people to buy more, especially since business was not

6)

_______________ very well.

He took a folding chair, 7) _______________ wheels to the legs, and placed two baskets
on top. He put the trolleys near the door and waited to see his customers

(8)

_______________ . He was very disappointed. No-one (9) _______________ any notice.

(10) _______________ , being a very determined man , he did not give up. He hired
people to push them around the store filled with groceries. Customers were

(11)

_______________ one to try out and his success story began.

Goldman then (12) _______________ a corporation to manufacture trolleys. In the
meantime, many supermarkets were being built, for (13) _______________ Goldman
provided shopping trolleys. By the time he died in 1984, he was a multi-millionaire
and shopping trolleys were being used all over the world.
1 A developments

B advances

C inventions

D discoveries

2 A critical

B significant

C meaningful

D serious

3 A Furthermore

B In particular

C However

D Apart from that

4 A put

B keep

C hold

D take

5 A noticed

B watched

C regarded

D viewed

6 A making

B running

C doing

D heading

7 A included

B added

C combined

D reactions

8 A replies

B remarks

C reports

D reactions

9 A took

B got

C made

D had

10 A Despite

B Otherwise

C Although

D Nevertheless

11 A provided

B suggested

C offered

D supplied

12 A produced

B composed

C initiated

D established

13 A them

B which

C where

D whom

29

KEEPING YOUR CAR SAFE

Apart from your home, your car is probably your most 1) _____ possession. Its also
your most vulnerable . Car and cassette and radio 2) _____ make up over a quarter of
all recorded crime . Together they 3) _____ everyone a lot of money. It takes up
police time to deal with these offences, taking criminals through the 4) _____is
expensive and , of course , motorists end up paying higher insurance premiums.
Over 460,000 cars are reported 5) _____ in Britain each year and many are never
found again. Many of those which are found have been 6) _____ by thieves. A
7) _____ car is also far more likely to be involved in an accident than the same car
driven by its 8) _____; car thieves are often young and sometimes drunk.
Yet car crime can be cut drastically if motorists follow a few simple 9) _____ to keep
thieves out of their cars in the first place. Most car thieves are unskilled 10) _____
and many are under twenty. So make your own car a less inviting target, to 11) _____
thieves from trying.
Lock your car every time you leave it even for a (12) _____ minutes. (13) _____, one
car in every five is left unlocked. Do not leave valuables on (14) _____ inside or
briefcases or even coats which a thief might think (15) _____ money. If you cannot
take valuables with you, lock them in the boot out of sight. (16) _____ having a car
alarm fitted.
1 A rich

B valuable

C worthy

D wealthy

2 A robberies

B steals

C thefts

D hijacks

3 A cost

B spend

C pay

D charge

4 A judgments

B judges

C courts

D juries

5 A disappeared

B lost

C gone

D missing

6 A injured

B hurt

C damaged

D harmed

7 A robbed

B stolen

C taken

D lifted

8 A owner

B holder

C master

D landlord

9 A announcements

B rules

C laws

D warnings

10 A kidnappers

B criminals

C burglars

D hijackers

11 A put off

B put on

C put by

D put up

12 A little

B bit

C few

D five

13 A Foolishly

B Pleasingly

C Excitingly

D Astonishingly

14 A display

B vision

C sight

D spectacle

15 A have

B contain

C enclose

D include

16 A Think

B Consider

C Estimate

D Calculate

30

I LOVE EVERYTHING ABOUT BIKES

My father used to ride motorbikes when I was a young boy and he took me for a
1) _____ every now and then at goodness knows what speed. Looking back, it must
have been extremely dangerous and probably 2) _____.
My brother started riding one when he 3) ____ up. It was a classic Norton, and I used
to 4) ____ him ride off and think that owning a bike 5) _____ that was the summit of
human 6) _____.
My first bike was actually a Honda, which qualified as a moped though it looked as
much like a motorbike as it 7) _____ could. My father bought it for about 80 when I
was 16, and waved me off into the sunset. Now, when I try to imagine what it would
be like to watch my own two boys go off on a bike, I 8) _____ it must have been a
pretty scary thing to do.
I had only one serious accident 9) _____ made me feel very embarrassed. You see, I
was 10) _____ off. I saw a girl I knew at the bus-stop, and I tried to 11) _____ her by
taking a corner fast. Of course I lost control, slid across the road and hit a wall. The
worst part of it was having to 12) _____ that it didnt 13) _____ . I got back and just
14) _____ to get round the corner before I screamed.
When I 15) ______ got to where I was going, my knee was so badly hurt that I couldnt
straighten my leg and spent the next two weeks in a wheelchair. But my dad didnt
16) _____ me from riding the bike, which was pretty brave of him.
1 A drive

B travel

C journey

D ride

2 A illegal

B illegally

C law

D lawless

3 A born

B brought

C grew

D raised

4 A watch

B look

C view

D glance

5 Alike

B as

C similar

D alike

6 A race

B achieve

C being

D existence

7 A likely

B possibly

C nearly

D maybe

8 A recognize

B regard

C realize

D reckon

9 A where

B who

C why

D which

10 A showing

B boasting

C admiring

D praising

11 A persuade

B influence

C appeal

D impress

12 A react

B play

C act

D pretend

13 A injure

B hurt

C pain

D harm

14 A managed

B capable

C succeeded

D able

15 A endlessly

B lastly

C finally

D lately

16 A ban

B forbid

C prevent

D prohibit

31

A MAN MADE ISLAND

One of Japans biggest problems is overpopulation in relation to the limited amount
of land it (0) has. The Japanese, though, have come up with an unbelievable solution
to 1) __________ the problem: When you run out 2) __________ island , simply build
more.
The project is known 3) ______________ Ocean Communications City and will
4) _______________ approximately $200 billion. Kiyohide Terai, 5) _____________ is
Japans leading expert on new technology, is the man behind the idea.
Ocean City, different 6) _______________ any real island, will be a four-level platform.
It will cover an area of nine square miles, about 75 miles out to sea from Tokyo. The
biggest advantage is that it will be very stable even in the event of an earthquake. In
7) _______________ words, it will be a safer place 8) _______________ mainland Japan. As
9) _______________ as one million Japanese citizens will be able 10) _______________ live
there.
It is hoped that the project will be completed by the beginning of the 21st century.
11) _______________ addition to homes, 12) _______________ will be a business and
financial centre, shops, places of entertainment, parks and outdoor activities
13)
_______________ will include 400 tennis courts. The islands will
14)
_______________ have an airport and a system of hovercrafts. These will provide
connections to the mainland.
If the project is a success, 15) _______________ cities like this will be built in the future.
READING IN AUSTRALIA
Australian children read more than the children in almost any other country. In a
country (0) like Australia, where the weather allows more outdoor activities
1) ______ in many other countries, this is rather extraordinary. Its surprising that
even2) ________ outdoor activities such as swimming and surfing can be done all year
3) _________, Australian children still find time to read. This is proof of the quality of
books available to 4) __________ .
Australians 5) ___________ known for their openness, friendliness and sense of
optimism. 6) ____________ attitudes are reflected in Australian books, which have
developed enormously and enjoyed international success over the last twenty years.
Indeed, in the 7) _____________ five years there has been an explosion of talent,
creativity, and imagination.
Picture book authors deal 8) ___________ a wide range of subject matter and often
feature original topics. The illustrators bring freshness, energy and an astonishing
degree of creativity to their work. This makes Australian picture books so interesting
that they are wanted 9) ____________ people worldwide.
Australian authors for older readers explore themes 10) ____________ emphasize the
multicultural nature of the society. 11) ____________the whole, they use a good
degree of humor and child appeal. They also write about present-day issues and
social changes affecting the lives 12) ____________ children all over the world.

32

LONDON ZOO
London Zoo is one of the oldest and most famous Zoological Gardens in the world.
Indeed, the use of the name zoo originated (0) there. It was established in 1829 to
increase peoples knowledge 1) ___________ animal life. More
2)
____________ 150 years later it is 3) _____________ making exciting new discoveries.
Today, in the age of conflict between the developing world and the survival of the
natural world, the zoos work is 4) _____________ more important than ever before. 5)
__________ days, the discoveries are helping to save the natural and essential balance
that the animal brings to the planet. As part of this, scientists are fighting to
conserve animals, saving them 6) ____________ extinction by breeding endangered
species and whenever possible increasing 7) ___________numbers in the wild. The zoo
also 8) _________ a large variety of animals, about 12.000 in total, from all over the
world.
9) __________ visit to the zoo should 10) ___________ only increase ones awareness
about conservation but it should be fun, too. Thats 11) ______________ for both
children and adults theres always 12) ______________ special to see or
13)
____________. Theres a whole range of different events specially organized to bring
the visitor into closer contact 14) ____________ some of the worlds most fascinating
animals. There are also animal shows, rides and places
15) _____________
one can relax and enjoy a drink, a light snack, or a full meal.

FINGERPRINTS
When it comes to solving crime, we all know that fingerprints are vital clues and can
be used in identifying criminals. But how is this done?
Fingerprints are the patterns of lines and whirls everyone has (0) on the tips of their
fingers. No two people 1) _______________ exactly the same fingerprints.
2)
_______________ fact, each finger has a different fingerprint. When we touch
something, fingerprints are 3) _______________ on the object we have touched. Thats
4) _______________ sweat coming from the fingers is left behind.
5) ________________ the scene of a crime, the police dust aluminum powder over any
fingerprints so as 6) _______________ make them show up. A register of the prints of
known 7) _______________ suspected criminals 8) _______________ kept by the police.
After a crime, fingerprints found are compared 9) _______________ those on the
register and if they match, the criminal can be identified. But, its 10) _______________
a short process nor an easy
11) _______________. Fingerprints can be used
as evidence 12) _______________ if they match in sixteen different ways.
Footprints are also used as clues in countries 13) _______________ people walk around
barefoot. Everyone has a different pattern on the soles 14) _______________ their feet
just 15) _______________ on their fingers!

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HOMELESSNESS CAN HAPPEN TO ANYONE

I can hardly pay my bills every month. I am living from pay cheque to pay cheque,
and the amount of money I make 1) __________ hour is insufficient for me to save
anything. 2) __________ , I am lucky enough to come from a family who worked hard
to pay 3) __________ my education and who will help me out
4) ___________
anything at all should happen to me. The irony is that without
5) __________ a
generous family and without a strong belief in myself, I too could be homeless.
Instead, I, along with most people, walk quickly past those who appear less fortunate
6) __________ ourselves. Every day I see homeless people,
7) __________ usually the most attention I might give them is a how sad look. I
sometimes get angry with myself for 8) __________ so selfish, and I justify my fears
by saying, They 9) __________ get a job. Unfortunately, the reality is: who would
hire someone 10) __________ is untidy and doesnt have a contact address or phone?
11) __________ I am ashamed for feeling the way I do, I know that it is not uncommon.
One day I decided to experience the feelings associated with homelessness and
understand those who might not have 12) __________ to go. So, I got myself a pair of
torn jeans, packed a bag, took off my make-up, and put
13) __________ a very old
sweater. Then I walked downtown and sat next to two homeless men.
It was freezing cold and during that day I learned more about people than I
14) __________ had before. All I needed to do (15) __________ to open my mind.

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WRITING
How to choose a topic for a paragraph
A paragraph is a group of five to ten sentences that give information about a topic.

Choose a topic that isnt too narrow (limited, brief).

A narrow topic will not have enough ideas to write about.

The ages of my brothers and sisters is too narrow. (You cannot write very much
about it.)

Choose a topic that isnt too broad (general).

It will have too many ideas for just one paragraph.

School is too general. (There are thousands of things you could say about it.)
You could narrow this topic by choosing one aspect of schools to discuss:
SCHOOLS

secondary schools in my country/city

popular school clubs in my school
university entrance exams

Narrow each of the topics to a paragraph topic.

a. festivals

_______________________________

b. friends

_______________________________

c. my country _______________________________
d. dancing

_______________________________

e. cars

_______________________________

f. sports

_______________________________

After you narrow down your topic, you are ready to write your topic sentence.
Below you will find a few examples of topic sentences.
Once you understand these examples, you will find it much easier to write a carefully
controlled topic sentence.
Topic

statement which narrows the topic

(controlling ideas)

Football..................... is a physically demanding sport.

Football .................... and soccer have a great deal in common.
A football.................. player can receive various kinds of penalties during a game.
Football ................... is dangerous for several reasons.

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A WELL-ORGANISED PARAGRAPH

The top arrow is the top bun of the burger.

This is the TOPIC SENTENCE of the
paragraph.
The middle arrow is the meat of the
burger. These are the sentences that
give more information about the
topic, or they SUPPORT the topic
sentence.
The bottom arrow is the bottom bun. This
RESTATES the topic sentence.

The biggest problem that students have when writing a paragraph is

staying on topic. Always check that all of your sentences are focused on
the main topic of the sentence. If a sentence is not about the topic
(irrelevant), delete it or erase it.
Choose ONE of the topics and write a well-organized paragraph.

the best or worst movie of all time

Facebook friendships

your favourite (or least favourite) television program

your favourite (or least favourite) commercial

violence in video games

the most useful (or useless) invention

CHECKLIST
Does your paragraph have a single main idea expressed in a topic sentence?
Is your paragraph unified, coherent, and well developed?

What to do before writing an essay

Choose the topic you know most about.

Think of as many ideas as you can.

Think about vocabulary you could use relation to this subject.

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Remember the features of the writing you are required to do (story,

article etc.)

Think of who you are writing to.

Decide the style you will use.

Plan which ideas to include and in what order.

Decide how you will start your writing.

Decide how you will develop your writing.

Decide how you will finish your writing.

HOW TO WRITE A DESCRIPTIVE ESSAY

Descriptive Organization
In a descriptive essay, a writer uses details to tell how a subject looks, smells,
tastes,and/ or feels.
Introduction
Setting, background information of that place.
Body Paragraphs
Most of the description is in the body paragraphs.
Adjectives and adverb make the experience more interesting, lively and
clearer.
The scene is often described with prepositions.
Comparisons (such as similes) can make the writing more descriptive, familiar
and expressive.
Conclusion
The conclusion gives the writers final opinion about the description.

HOW TO WRITE A SHORT STORY

The features of a good story:

Decide if your story is going to be based on a real event or if you are going to
make it up
Make a draft (an outline of the story)
Make sure that you have introduction, development and conclusion parts
Try to use as many linking words and phrases as possible
Write your final draft

HOW TO WRITE AN OPINION ESSAY

Pick a topic something people clearly agree or disagree with strongly .

Get as much information as you can to support your views.

37

SPEAKING
A. Comparing photos. Dont forget to:
make general comments (e.g. where the picture was taken)
describe specific details (e.g. what the people are doing)
talk about the similarities as well as the differences- use linking words
and phrases to show when you are describing similarities (and, in
addition, as well as) or differences (but, whereas, in contrast.)
give plenty of information
USEFUL PHRASES
Well, to be honest, I think
In my opinion,
Personally, I
As a matter of fact,
To tell you the truth,
B. Talking about activities, routines, future plans. Want to sound enthusiastic?
Stress the important words and sound enthusiastic
Dont talk like a robot
Always try to give reasons for your choices
USEFUL PHRASES
Ive always been interested in
Ive always wanted to
Id like to have a go at
Id like to do an activity related to
I hope to / plan to take up
I wouldnt choose because it means I would have to
Id like to do so that
C. Expressing preferences and giving reasons. Making a choice?
Use the information you have been told
USEFUL PHRASES
The reason I prefer (character) is
Id say (film) is better because
One of the reasons why Id choose (film) is that
I think (film) is important / interesting because
What I mean is

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TALKING ABOUT PHOTOS

A ESTABLISHING THE TOPIC
The photo is connected with ....
to do with ...
is linked by ...
relates to ...
shows different aspects of ...
B SPECULATING
It could be that ... or ...
Its hard to say whether ... or ...
Presumably, ...
I would guess that ...

DISCUSSING PROS and CONSPROS

The main benefit of
One positive aspect of is that
. is generally a good thing because
CONS
One disadvantage of is that.. is not a
good idea because..
On the other hand,

C DEDUCING
From their expressions, Id say that ...
Judging by her expresssion, Id say that ...
Its clear from his expression that ...
They look as though ...
It looks as if ...
The fact that (they are crying) would
suggest that ...

As for the disadvantages

CONVERSATION STRATEGIES
Really?
Hmm, interesting.
Hmm, I see the point.
Id never thought about it that way before.
Thats a different way of thinking about it.

39

WRITING TOPICS
1.Your teacher has asked you to write a story for an international magazine. The story must
begin or end with the following words:

He looked out of the window with excitement as this journey began.

2. Your teacher has asked you to write an essay giving your views on the following statement.

Living in the country is much better than living in the city.

3. Your teacher has asked you to write an essay giving your opinions and suggestions while
answering the following question.

Should animals be used in experiments by scientists?

4. Your teacher has asked you to write a story which must end with the words:

They decided to be more careful next time.

5. Your teacher has asked you to write an essay giving your opinions on the following
statement.

Should more people give up meat and become vegetarians?

6. A popular magazine is holding a short story competition and you have decided to enter.
Your story must end with the words :

It was the best day of my life.

7. Write an essay describing your memory of a place that you visited as a child. (Make
sure you use lots of sensory details, strong adjectives, adverbs, similes, etc.)
8. Write an essay describing

an inspiring view (Make sure you use lots of sensory

details, strong adjectives, adverbs, similes, etc.)

9. Write an essay describing

your favorite restaurant (Make sure you use lots of sensory

details, strong adjectives, adverbs, similes, etc.)

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USEFUL LINKS
http://www.ihbristol.com/learn-online/exercise-esol/fce/word-formation/london-eye/7/
http://etornauta.wordpress.com/2007/01/23/word-formation-9/
http://www.esl-lab.com/quizzes.htm#medium
http://www.examenglish.com/FCE/index.php
http://www.flo-joe.co.uk/fce/students/tests/tsindex.htm

Reference:
EXPRESS PUBLISHING, FCE Use Of English for the Revised Cambridge Examination, V. Evans
Laser B1+ Students Book pp. 78-79

MACMILLAN, Destination B2 Grammar& Vocabulary, Malcolm Mann & Steve Taylore-Knowles

MACMILLAN, :Laser Pre-FCE, Students Book, Steve Taylore-Knowles
PEARSON LONGMAN, COSMIC B1+, Eva Angelou & Sam Nichols
MAKE MONEY FROM BEING ON TV

MACMILLAN, Laser B2 Workbook, Anne NOBEL & Rob Nicholas

MACMILLAN, :Laser Pre-FCE, Students Book, Steve Taylore-Knowles
PEARSON LONGMAN, ACTIVATE B2 Grammar& Vocabulary
Burgess,S. Going For Gold, Upper-Intermediate.Longman.p28
Moutsou,E. Use of English for the FCE. MMPublications. pp6-7-13-14

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