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This document identifies and provides examples of common logical fallacies:
- Ad hominem examples attack the person making an argument rather than the argument itself.
- Begging the question assumes the conclusion of an argument in its premises.
- False dichotomy presents two opposing options when more possibilities exist.
- Straw man oversimplifies or misrepresents an argument to make it easier to refute.
Examples of each fallacy are given involving topics like faith, affirmative action, and public policy issues.
This document identifies and provides examples of common logical fallacies:
- Ad hominem examples attack the person making an argument rather than the argument itself.
- Begging the question assumes the conclusion of an argument in its premises.
- False dichotomy presents two opposing options when more possibilities exist.
- Straw man oversimplifies or misrepresents an argument to make it easier to refute.
Examples of each fallacy are given involving topics like faith, affirmative action, and public policy issues.
This document identifies and provides examples of common logical fallacies:
- Ad hominem examples attack the person making an argument rather than the argument itself.
- Begging the question assumes the conclusion of an argument in its premises.
- False dichotomy presents two opposing options when more possibilities exist.
- Straw man oversimplifies or misrepresents an argument to make it easier to refute.
Examples of each fallacy are given involving topics like faith, affirmative action, and public policy issues.
Identify the following logical fallacies below: Straw Man, Ad Hominem, False
Dichotomy, Begging the Question
-A: I think contraception is wrong. B: Youre a Catholic. Of course youd say that. -Ad hominem. The response is directed at the person, not the argument. -A: You only have faith because your parents do. B: Actually Ive researched my faith a lot, asked a lot of questions, and I just think it makes the most sense. A: Yeah, but you only think it makes sense because its the one your parents taught you. -Begging the Question. The assumption is that the only reason to have faith is your parents did. When B presents other reasons, A reinterprets them to fit the 1st reason. -Senator Jones says that we should not fund the attack submarine program. I can't understand why he wants to leave us defenseless like that. -Straw man. The issue is oversimplified, discounting that real reasons might exist and making the position look ridiculous. False dichotomy could also work. -People only have faith for emotional comfort, but the strong dont need it. -Straw man. Emotional comfort is suggested as the only reason one might have faith. There are several other reasons for having faith that are not mentioned. -If you dont buy music on iTunes, you must steal it. -False dichotomy. There are other options aside from these 2. -Catholics say they believe in the Bible, but they believe in the Assumption, which isnt in the Bible, so they dont really believe in the Bible. -False dichotomy. Belief in the Bible and belief in the Assumption are not mutually exclusive. It is possible to believe in both. -Why should I listen to the Pope? Hes just some old man in Rome. -Ad hominem. The Pope is being attacked, not any of his opinions. -Faith isnt legitimate, because it is most prominent in poor and uneducated areas. -Ad hominem. No argument is made against faith. It is assumed poor and uneducated people are wrong. -Affirmative action can never be fair or just. You cannot remedy one injustice by committing another. -Begging the question. The argument is trying to prove that affirmative action is unjust. The second sentence assumes this is true. -I am not a liar. -Begging the question. The argument is that Im trustworthy. I cannot vouch for myself. -Jesus says Blessed are the poor, which encourages the poor to be satisfied with what they have. Christianity is just a way to protect the rich and keep them in power. -Straw man. Christianity is oversimplified in an attempt to ruin its credibility. There are many passages saying how difficult it is to be holy and rich that are ignored. -If the Pope does not want people to die of AIDS, he must let them use condoms. -False dichotomy. There are other ways to prevent AIDS.
Max Cresswell, Edwin Mares, Adriane Rini (Eds.) - Logical Modalities From Aristotle To Carnap - The Story of Necessity-Cambridge University Press (2016) PDF