Total number of hours (per semester) from

education plan
86

THE SHEET OF DISCIPLINE

Name of Discipline
Year of study

HISTOLOGY
II

Semester *

Type of the final evaluation (E / V / C)

The regime of the discipline (C - Compulsory , O - Optional, F

Ob Credits
Facultative)
Total hours of individial
Total hours per
Total hours from education plan
56
30
study
semester
Coordinator of the teaching
Professor Irina Draga Cruntu
activity
* If the discipline has more semesters of study, should fill in for each semester
Total
Faculty

MEDICINE

Department

MORPHO-FUNCTIONAL
SCIENCES

Profile

MEDICINE

Specialisation

MEDICINE

C**
56

28

E2
7
86

L
28

** C course, L laboratories activities, P

project or practical works

Minimum knowledge needed by students attending the course notions / practical works notions
Notions of cellular and molecular biology (cell, nucleus, cell organelles), based landmarks of anatomy,
physiology and biochemistry

Objectives of discipline
The training of the students regarding tissue and systemic structure of the human organism, with direct
correspondence in functionality, through:
(i)
theoretical notions/concepts which cover the fundamental characterization of the main tissues
and systems;
(ii)
practical activity which aims the identification of microscopic elements and formulation of
organ diagnostic.

Analytical Curriculum course

Hours

1. Epithelial tissue
General features, classification. Lining epithelial tissue: histoarchitectonical types
(simple, stratified, pseudostratified), intercellular jonctions. Basement membrane.
2. Epithelial tissue
Glandular epithelial tissue classification. Exocrine glandular epithelia:
cytological particularities, secretory cycle, means of discharge, types of exocrine
glands. Endocrine glandular epithelia: cytological particularities, hormones and
receptors, types of endocrine glands.
3. Connective tissue
General features, classification. Components: cells (proper, migrate).
4. Connective tissue
Components: amorphous and fibrillary extracellular matrix.
5. Connective tissue
Varieties: proper connective tissues, special properties connective tissues
(histological structure, localization).
6. Connective tissue
Cartilage: general histological structure, types (hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage,
fibrous cartilage). Bone: general histological structure.
7. Connective tissue
Bone: types (compact bone, spongy bone), histophysiology. Processes of
osteogenesis, osteolysis, ossification and bone growth (intramembranous and
endochondral ossification), bone remodelling and repair. Joints.
8. Muscle tissue
General features, classification. Skeletal striated muscle tissue: skeletal striated muscle
cell, mechanism of contraction, heterogeneity, innervation, myo-tendinous junction.
9. Muscle tissue
Cardiac striated muscle tissue: cardiac striated muscle cell, innervation. Smooth
muscle tissue: smooth muscle cell, mechanism of contraction, innervation.
10. Nervous tissue
General features. Neurone: structure, types. Nervous fibers: types, myelin sheath
formation. Synapse: structure, types, histophysiology. Supporting cells: types,
functions. Histophysiology of nervous tissue.
11. Nervous system
Central nervous system: histoarchitectony, meninges, blood-brain barrier.
Peripheral nervous system: peripheral nerve, nervous ganglia. Somatic and
autonomic nervous system.
12. Blood
Cells: red blood cell, platelet, polymorphonuclear neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil,
monocyte, lymphocyte. Plasma.
13. Hematopoesis
Stem cells. Progenitor cells. Eritropoesis. Granulocytopoesis. Trombocytopoesis.
Lymphopoesis. Monocytopoesis

2
2
2

14. Circulatory system

Heart: histoarchitectony, conducting myocardial tissue, myocardial endocrine cells.
Types of blood vessels: classification, histological structure, functions,
microcirculation particularities.

Analytical Curriculum laboratory

1. Epithelial tissue
Lining epithelial tissue: squamous simple epithelia (capillary/endothelium,
peritoneum/mesothelium, kidney loop of Henle), cuboidal simple epithelia (liver
billiary canaliculi), columnar simple epithelia (stomach, jejunum, fallopian tube,
epididimis), pseudostratified epithelium (trachea), transitional epithelium (urinary
bladder/urothelium).
2. Epithelial tissue
Lining epithelial tissue: keratinized squamous stratified epithelium
(skin/epidermis), nonkeratinized squamous stratified epithelium (esophagus),
cuboidal stratified epithelium (sweat gland interlobular duct), columnar stratified
epithelium (male urethra).
3. Epithelial tissue
Exocrine glandular epithelial tissue (jejunum Lieberkuhn gland, stomach
pyloric gland, skin sweat gland, sebaceous gland, mixed salivary gland serous
acinus, mucous acinus, mixed acinus). Endocrine glandular epithelial tissue
(thyroid, adrenal gland).
4. Recapitulation.

5. Connective tissue.
Components: fibroblast, fibrocyte, white adipocyte, brown adipocyte, macrophage,
plasma cell, mast cell (demonstrative slide toluidine blue); colagen fibers, elastic
fibers (demonstrative slide - orcein), reticulin fibers (demonstrative slide silver
salts).
6. Connective tissue
Connective tissue varieties: loose connective tissue skin/superficial dermis,
jejunum/lamina propria (MALT), endometrium/lamina propria; irregular dense
connective tissue skin/deep dermis; regular dense connective tissue - cornea,
tendon, aponeurosis; white adipose tissue tongue; brown adipose tissue - thymus;
mucoid connective tissue ombilical cord; reticular connective tissue lymph node
(demonstrative slide silver salts), elastic connective tissue aorta (demonstrative
slide orcein). Cartilage: hyaline cartilage trachea; elastic cartilage ear
pavilion; fibrocartilage intervertebral disc.
7. Connective tissue
Compact and spongy bone slides of ground sections and decalcified bone).
Intramembranous ossification. Endochondral ossification.
8. Recapitulation .

9. Muscle tissue
Striated muscle tissue tongue. Smooth muscle tissue stomach, jejunum. Cardiac
muscle tissue myocardium (demonstrative slide iron haematoxylin).
10. Nervous tissue
Neurones spinal cord, cerebral cortex, cerebellum. Glial cells spinal cord,
cerebellar cortex. Spinal ganglion. Autonomic ganglion/vegetative sympathetic.
Autonomic ganglion/vegetative parasympathetic (jejunum, stomach Auerbach
nervous plexus). Peripheral nerve; myelin sheath (demonstrative slide osmium
salts.
11. Recapitulation.

12. Blood
Blood smear: red blood cells, polymorphonuclear neutrophils, polymorphonuclear
eosinophils, polymorphonuclear basophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets.
13. Circulatory system
Cord: endocardium, myocardium, pericardium. Vessels: aorta (demonstrative slide
orcein), muscular arteries/arterioles/venules (tongue, trachea), sinusoid capillaries
(liver).
14. Recapitulation.

Competences
1. Theoretical characterization and microscopic identification of the fundamental tissues of the organism
2. Theoretical characterization and microscopic identification of specific structures which form the
systems
3. Formulation of the organ diagnostic

For the final mark will be considered:

- the answers at the final exam:

MCQ
practical exam

- final answers at the practical laboratories

- continuous testing during the semester

Weight expressed in percent

(Total = 100%)
50%
35%
15%

- activities like homework / referrals / essay / translation /

projects

- other activities (SPECIFY) :

Describe the practical modality for the final evaluation:

Writing exam MCQ (75 multiple choice questions) - Type complement simple
Practical exam oral

Estimate the total hours (hours per semester) for the individual activities of the student
(fill in with 0 the activities which are not requested)
7
1. Read-in and learning the curs notes
8. Preparing oral presentations
2. Learning using the textbook, courses

9. Preparing the final examination

3. The study of the minimal suggested

bibliography

10

10. Consultations

4. Supplementary documentation in library

11. Reference material

12. Reference material on Internet 2

6. Achieving of homework, report, essay,

translation

13. Other activities ...

7. Preparing the control papers

14. Other activities ...

5. Specific activity for seminary / laboratory

TOTAL hours of individual study =

30

Compulsory bibliography:
Amalinei C, Balan R, Cotutiu C, Histology Microscopic Diagnosis of Organs, Ed.
Cantes, 2000
Luca CI, Histology Organs and Systems, Ed. Dosoftei Iai, 2000
Ross MH, Pawlina W, Histology, A Text and Atlas, 6th. ed, Wolters Kluwer, Lippincott
Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, 2011
Supplimentary bibliography - Histology
Gartner L.P., Hiatt I. L., Color Textbook of Histology, Saunders Elsevier, Philadelphia,
third edition, 2007
Junqueira LC, Carneiro J, Basic Histology. Text and Atlas, 11th. ed., McGraw-Hill
Companies, New-York, 2005

Date of fill in: 2012

The signature of the coordinator of

the teaching activity
Prof. dr. Irina-Draga Cruntu