Glazing Systems Details & Double Triple Glazed Windows (40

GLAZING
Details of Curtain Walls & Double-triple

Glazed Windows
UTKARSH SHAKYA (11601)

AYUSHI KUMARI (11616)
AMIT KUMAR BAJPAI(11625)
PREETY SAINI (11637)
NAMITA VARMA (11646)
B.Arch. ,7th Sem.
National Institute of Technology Hamirpur
CONTENTS
1.
What is Glazing system?? (Introduction)
2.
Types of Glazing system??
i.
Curtain Walling ( Unitised, Panellised, Spandrel panel ribbon glazing, Structural glazing)
ii. Structural Glazing
iii. Bolted Glazing
iv. Fin Supported Glazing
v. Cable Stayed Glazing
vi. Suspended Glazing
3. Double glazing and triple glazing.
AR-412 Advanced Building Construction
Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)
Glazing systems??
GLAZING SYSTEMS
Glazing system using wooden frame is one of the oldest
form of glazing in which glass is set in rebates of a
wooden
frame. This frame covered significant percentage of the
glazed surface. Over a period of years designers have
developed number of glazing systems for more and
more
transparency. Commonly used innovative glazing
systems
are :
i. Curtain Walling
ii. Structural Glazing
iii. Bolted Glazing
iv. Fin Supported Glazing
v. Cable Stayed Glazing
vi. Suspended Glazing
curtain wall
What is curtain wall??

A curtain wall system is an outer
covering of a building in which the
outer walls are non-structural, but
merely keep the weather out and the
occupants in.
As the curtain wall is non-structural
it can be made of a lightweight
material, reducing construction costs.
curtain wall
Advantages
Before steel and reinforced concrete

became common building materials, a
building's facade typically supported
the load of the whole structure.
One major advantage of today's
curtain wall is that it can be
constructed from much lighter
materials like glass, which allows for
the filtration of natural light into the
building.
In addition to preventing air and
moisture from entering the building,
curtain walls can also act as a fire
stop, slowing or preventing the
spread of fire between floors of the
building.
Disadvantages
One of the major disadvantages of

curtain walls is the need for regular
maintenance. In order to keep out
moisture and wind, a sealant must
be applied to the perimeter, and this
sealant must be replaced every 10
years or so.
Another major disadvantage of
curtain walls is the cost and time
required to install them.
Curtain walls utilizing the stick
system, for example, require a great
deal of time to assemble, and their
performance depends on the quality
of the installation.
Unitized curtain walls consist of
factory-assembled frames which
reduces installation time and cost
but incurs greater costs for shipping
and storage.
curtain wall
TYPES OF CURTAIN WALLS

1.
2.
3.
4.
Metal curtain walls

Window walls
R.C.C curtain walls
Special purpose curtain walls
curtain wall
ESSENTIAL TERMINOLOGY
curtain wall
METAL CURTAIN WALLS

Metal curtain walls are basically divided into two
categories on the basis of type of erection.
I. Stick
II. Unitized
curtain wall
ERECTION
CHARACTERISTICS AND FEATURES
STICK
Likely most common wall system especially

on low-rise construction and in smaller
population centres
1. Each component of wall is installed piece by
2. piece in the field. Installed with one- or two
storey.
3. mullion lengths and horizontal rails
4. equal in length to width of the infill panels
5. Field labour intensive and dependent
6. Often utilize standard system
7. Minimum requirements for assembly
8. facilities and shipping
9. Normally short lead time to arrive on-site,
10. but longer erection/close-in time on-site
11. Difficult to accommodate in-plane
12. movements due to sway or seismic events
curtain wall
10
ERECTION
CHARACTERISTICS AND FEATURES
UNITIZED
Most common to large high-rise buildings

although found on buildings as low as four
stories. System has grown in popularity
since 1980
Large factory assembled framed units
complete with spandrel panels and often
with vision lights installed. Panels typically
one-storey high by width of infill panels
Panels designed for sequential installation
with interlocking split vertical mullions and
nesting horizontal rails at expansion joint
Significant fabrication facility and shipping
requirement. More shop labour dependant
and less field dependant than stick system
Normally longer lead time to arrive on-site,
but rapid erection with minimum time to
close in building once on-site
Design potential to accommodate in-plane
movements due to sway and seismic events
STICK SYSTEM
IN GENERAL
curtain wall
11
12
HORIZONTAL VERTICAL CONNECTIONS
STICK SYSTEM -JOINERY
curtain wall
13
Expansion joint
STICK SYSTEM -JOINERY
curtain wall
UNITIZED SYSTEMGENERAL
curtain wall
14
UNITIZED SYSTEMJOINERY
curtain wall
15
UNITIZED SYSTEMFOUR WAY STACK

JOINT
curtain wall
16
curtain wall
MULLION AND PANEL
This is an another type of

Curtain wall in which
Only vertical mullions are
Installed and pre fabricated
Frames are installed.
17
WINDOW WALL
GENERAL
curtain wall
18
GLAZING METHOD
curtain wall
19
curtain wall
OVER VIEW
Unlike many other wall assemblies
metal
curtain walls are assembled from a
relatively short list of components.
The primary materials are aluminium,
steel and glass, along with secondary
materials such as sealants, rubbers
and
insulation products. All of these
materials and components are
assembled
to very close tolerance into a
highly engineered product.
20
curtain wall
ANCHORS
Curtain wall anchors connect the wall to the
building and can be broadly grouped as both
gravity and lateral load anchors (fixed) or as just
lateral load anchors (slotted). Aside from their
primary load carrying function anchors must be
designed to allow for adjustment to site conditions.
There are two types of anchors
1. Concrete embeded
2. Mounting lug assembly
21
curtain wall
CONCRETE EMBEDED
This is a type in which

Anchors are embeded
In concrete
22
curtain wall
MOUNTING LUG ASSEMBLY

In this type a lug is
Provided in which
The panel is fixed
23
curtain wall
24
curtain wall
PROFILES
A wide range of cross sections
or profiles is available from different
manufacturers. Each manufacturers
profile varies somewhat and
incorporates different features,
although common section widths and
depths are found with most suppliers
of standard systems.
25
curtain wall
HORIZONTAL RAILS
26
curtain wall
PRESSURE PLATE
They are typically produced in the
same alloys as the main framing
members and are not usually
finished.
All serve the same basic function
of clamping the glass or panel into
the framing grid.
Pressure plate profiles are
customized to match the
manufacturers particular sealing
system.
27
curtain wall
SNAP CAPS
Snap caps or dress caps are firstly a decorative cover over the
pressure plate and exposed fasteners, and secondly, more
functionally important as a baffle to the drainage openings in
the horizontal pressure plate.
28
curtain wall
FASTENERS
Mechanical fasteners such as screws and

bolts are used in the assembly of the
curtain wall framing, the fixing of the
pressure plate and the anchorage to
the building. A wide variety of fastener
types, thread types, coatings and
materials are available..
29
curtain wall
R.C.C CURTAIN WALL

Precast cladding or curtain walls are the most
commonly used precast concrete components for
building envelopes.
This type of precast concrete panel does not
transfer vertical loads but simply encloses the
space.
Cladding components are designed to resist wind,
seismic forces generated by their own weight and
forces required to transfer the weight of the panel
to the support.
30
curtain wall
PRECAST
R.C.C
PANEL
31
curtain wall
ELEVATION
1
32
curtain wall
SECTION 1
33
curtain wall
ELEVATION
2
34
curtain wall
SECTION
2
35
curtain wall
CONNECTION
DETAILS
BOTTOM CONNECTION
36
curtain wall
CONNECTION
DETAILS
CONNECTION BETWEEN
PANELS
37
curtain wall
CONNECTION
DETAILS
CONNECTION
BETWEEN PANELS
(DOWEL)
38
curtain wall
CONNECTION
DETAILS
BOTTOM CONNECTION
(DOWEL)
39
curtain wall
CONNECTION
DETAILS
COPING CONNECTION
(DOWEL)
40
curtain wall
CONNECTION
DETAILS
CONNECTION OF PANELS
AT INTER MEDIATE
FLOOR LEVELS
(TOP)
41
curtain wall
CONNECTION
DETAILS
CONNECTION OF
PANELS AT INTER
MEDIATE FLOOR
LEVELS (BOTTOM)
42
curtain wall
SPECIAL PURPOSE CURTAIN

WALLS
These are same to that of
a normal curtain walls,
but an additional
insulating material is use
in place of glazing to
restrict suns heat.
43
Structural glazing
Structural Glazing
44
Structural glazing
Structural Glazing
1. Structural glazing is a
building process where
the glass itself supports
part of the structure.
2. It is also used to
describe glass that is
bonded together
without any framing or
extra support.
3. This technique can be
used with almost all
types of glass, including
insulating glass units.
45
Structural glazing
ADVANTAGES
Allows for broader architectural design
flexibility.
Increases the thermal efficiency of
buildings, because the exterior exposure
of metal framing is either reduced or
eliminated.
Reduces or eliminates water and air
infiltration.
Reduces the potential for thermal
breakage of glass.
46
Structural glazing
TYPES OF STRUCTURAL GLAZING

There are many types and systems of structural
glazing.
These systems are characterized with the use of
structural silicone joint sealant for structural fixing
of glass or other materials to structural units of the
building.
1. Four sided system
2. Two sided system
3. Tooth shape
4. Sloped glazing
47
Structural glazing
4-SIDED STRUCTURAL GLAZING

The most widespread and economic system of
structural glazing. Glass is supported from 4 sides
by structural silicone. These systems are usually
prefabricated and then installed at the construction
site.
48
Structural glazing
49
Structural glazing

In these systems silicone is used only on 2 sides of
the glass panel. Two other sides of the glass are
supported by a mechanical frame or another nonstructural method. These systems are prefabricated
or assembled at construction site.
50
Structural glazing
51
Structural glazing
SLOPE GLAZING
Slope glazing is glazing applied on other
than vertical facades (for example,
glazed roofs). In this case, weight of the
glass is of major importance. According
to European standards, these systems
can only use only splinter proof
laminated glass. The use of glazing with
a negative downgrade is also possible.
52
Structural glazing
SLOPE GLAZING
53
Structural glazing
TOOTH-SHAPE GLAZING
In these systems glass units are produced stage by
stage: first the exterior panel, then internal panel.
Structural joint is mounted on the inside surface of
the interior panel of the glass unit.
54
Structural glazing
TOOTH-SHAPE GLAZING
55
Bolted glazing
BOLTED GLAZING
1. Less obtrusive
2. Alternative to structural
glazing.
3. This traditional system
consists of attaching the glass
panels and the structure with
rigid bolts and steel plates.
4. Modern bolted system use
knuckled bolts for fixing of the
glass, instead of the common
fixed bolt.
56
Bolted glazing
BOLTED GLAZING
57
Structural glazing
FIN SUPPORTED GLAZING

1. A glass fin replaces a
frame or mullion.
2. The reaction load
transferred to the top &
bottom of the fin shoe.
3. Fin system are also
designed with bolted
joints.
4. It create greater
visibility and increase
the natural light in
interiors.
58
Structural glazing
59
Structural glazing
60
Structural glazing
61
Structural glazing
CABLE SUPPORTED GLAZING

This system like fin support
system are also increasingly
used.
Cables systems create greater
levels of openness, visibility &
natural light and enhance the
dramatic appearance of the
building.
In these systems stainless
steel or carbon fiber high
strength cables are used to
transfer loads to the
mainstructure.
62
Structural glazing
63
Structural glazing
64
Structural glazing
CABLE NET SYSTEM
65
Structural glazing
66
Structural glazing
SPIDER SYSTEM
1. Spider system is a system for
point supported vertical glazing
in which thermally toughened
(tempered) glass sheets are
used, in single glazing or in
insulated glass.
2. This system is suitable for newbuild and is suitable for newbuild and is especially effective
for the refurbishment of old
buildings.
67
Structural glazing
SPIDER SYSTEM
68
Structural glazing
SPIDER SYSTEM
69
Structural glazing
SPIDER SYSTEM
70
Structural glazing
SPIDER SYSTEM
71
Glazed windows
GLAZED WINDOWS
72
Glazed windows
DOUBLE GLAZED WINDOWS

Double glazed windows are made from two panes of glass that are
separated by a layer of air or gas and then sealed.
They are designed to provide a better barrier against outside
temperatures than single paned windows because the two layers of
glass and the buffer layer act as insulators.
The glass used features a specially-coated surface that re-radiates
heat in cold months and prevents heat from entering during hot
weather.
Originally created for extreme climates, double glazing is now widely
used in nearly all locations, both for new construction and as
replacement windows.
73
Glazed windows
74
Glazed windows
75
Glazed windows
76
Glazed windows
77
Glazed windows
WHAT IS TRIPLE GLAZING?

Put simply, triple glazing is 3 panes of glass
instead of 1 or 2. The claim is that by having an
extra pane, you will increase efficiency and
reduce noise. We already know that doubleglazing makes a significant improvement over
single glazing, but even so upgrading from
single to double-glazing takes a long time to
payback in terms of energy efficiency.
78
Glazed windows
TRIPLE GLAZED WINDOWS
79
Glazed windows
TRIPLE GLAZED WINDOWS
80
Glazed windows
Thanks to one and all..
Presented to,
Ar. Anjali mam
on,
13st October 2014
81

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GLAZING

Details of Curtain Walls & Double-triple

UTKARSH SHAKYA (11601)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

What is curtain wall??

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

Before steel and reinforced concrete

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

One of the major disadvantages of

TYPES OF CURTAIN WALLS

Metal curtain walls

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

METAL CURTAIN WALLS

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

CHARACTERISTICS AND FEATURES

Likely most common wall system especially

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

CHARACTERISTICS AND FEATURES

Most common to large high-rise buildings

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL CONNECTIONS

STICK SYSTEM -JOINERY

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

STICK SYSTEM -JOINERY

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

UNITIZED SYSTEMFOUR WAY STACK

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

MULLION AND PANEL

This is an another type of

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

This is a type in which

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction

Glazing Details & Glazed windows (double, triple)

MOUNTING LUG ASSEMBLY

AR-412 Advanced Building Construction