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At the national level, technology management plays a crucial role in the overall
economic development of a nation. For example, developed countries, such as
the USA and the UK, have effective technology policies, and the government in
these countries plays proactive roles in the development and acquisition of
technology. Naturally, business organisations in these countries have more
access to better and more efficient technology. In addition, similar to business
organisations, nations also face a number of challenges, for example, pressure
of increasing population, greater health risks, changing demographics,
depleting natural resources, and dwindling farmlands.
Technology management at the firm level refers to the due importance given to
develop and adopt technologies for running business activities. For example, email technology is used for communication among the stakeholders of the
business. This is done to improve the pace of communication and reduce the
cost of communication. Technologies are becoming important strategies to
adopt at the right time in the right direction. It is, no doubt, a risky affair, and a
firm needs to take a calculated moderate risk in the technology road map.
Strategic Decisions
Administrative
Decisions
Operational
Decisions
daily.
required. Operationaldecisions
are not
taken very frequently.
These decisions are
taken in accordance
with the strategic
decisions.
2. Components
3. Processes
4. Systems
5. Materials and Resources
6. Services
extent of manual labour was the highest in the manufacturing industry. In such
working conditions, low productivity and longer working hours were the norm.
Automation, robotics, and advanced computing have replaced many manual
processes. For example, manufacturing of medicines and various electronic parts
have been completely automated. This has led to the reduction in demand for
manual labourers.
Therefore, in the modern economy, the demand for knowledge workers is higher as
compared to the demand for staff workers. These knowledge workers work on
information analysis, strategies, and managing organisational operations. Therefore,
as you can see, the amount of physical work has been reduced in the workplace.
This had led to overdependence on technology and various lifestyle diseases.
Following are some of the important aspects of the effects of technological change
on work life:
Reduces transportation time to the workplace
Helps in connecting with other employees and building networks
Reduces the working hours of organisations, which in turn provides more
leisure time to employees
Increases wage rates of employees, which in turn improves their lifestyle
Improves the ergonomics in the workplaces, providing more comfort to
employees
Q5.Demonstrate Global Information System with neat diagram.
The idea of developing a global information system (GIS) aims at meeting the
challenges of international business so that a profitable running can be made
possible. The demand of a global organisation is driven by the global demand
pattern and the global approach of the administration. Management of global
resources and regulatory conditions worldwide is represents one of the challenges.
Information technology has contributed to the development of a global information
system to meet with such challenges in global business. The development of this
system follows the global strategy that is adopted by the firm. Fig. 1 shows a global
information system:
The Fig. 1 shows there are two projects namely; project1 and project2 running in an
organisation and different group of countries are engaged in different projects. Data
is gathered from various countries and global market conditions to develop a global
data warehouse. This data warehouse is accessed by an information processing
system to generate useful information. This information is circulated back to the
countries. Countries also share and communicate among themselves. Project1 and
Project 2 also coordinate with each other.
high level of efficiency in its supply chain. Fig. 2 shows the highly efficient supply
chain flow of Walmart: