AIM:To dye cotwool, cotton, woollen thread with malachite

green.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:1.500ml beakers.

2.tripod stand.
3.wire gauge.
4.glass rod.
5.spatula.
6.Cotwool.
7.woollen thread.
8.cotton materials.

CHEMICALS REQUIRED:1.Sodium carbonate,

2.tannic acid,
3.malachite green dye.

Malachite
green
Tannic acid
solution

PROCEDURE:-

1. Preparation of sodium carbonate solution: About 5.0g

of solid sodium carbonate is taken and dissolved in 250ml of
water.
2. Preparation of tannic acid solution: 100ml of water is
taken in a beaker and about 0.1g of tannic acid solution is
added to it . Solution is heated . On heating a clear solution
of tannic acid is obtained.
3. Preparation of dye solution: About 0.1g of malachite
green is taken and added to 400ml of water . On heating a
clear solution of tannic acid is obtained.
4. Dyeing of cotwool and wool: About 200ml of dye
solution is taken and cotwool and woollen thread is dipped
in it to be dyed . Solution is boiled for about 2 minutes. After
that the cloth is removed and washed with hot water 3-4
times , squeezed and kept for drying.
5. Dyeing of cotton: Cotton does not absorb malachite green
readily , therefore it requires the use of mordant . For
dyeing a cotton cloth we dip it in sodium carbonate solution
for 10 minutes and then rinse it with water. Then put the
cloth in hot tannic acid solution for about 5 minutes .Now
the cloth from tannic acid solution is taken out and kept in
tartaremetic solution for about 5 minutes . The cloth is
removed and squeezed with spatula to remove most of the
solution . Now we place the cloth in boiling solution of the
dye for about 2 minutes . Dyed cloth is removed and
washed thoroughly with water , squeezed and kept for
drying.

Observation:1.The colour of the wool cloth dyed directly by dipping

in hot solution of malachite green dye is fast.
2.The colour of the cotton cloth dyed directly (without
using mordant) by dipping into hot solution of
malachite green is not fast to washing and is of low
intensity.
3.The colour of the cotton cloth dyed indirectly by using
mordant and then by dipping in hot solution of
malachite green is fast to washing and is of high
intensity.

Dying of Fabrics

Sumit Jana

Dying of

fabrics.

A report on an investigatory project in chemistry in

partial fulfilment of AISSCE-2016.

Submitted by:- Sumit Jana

Class: - XII.
AISSCE Roll no:-

Under the supervision of

D.A.V. Model School
I.I.T. Kharagpur.
1

Certificate
This is to certify that the project entitled Dying of
Fabrics is a bonafied record of work carried out by Sumit
Jana & Swastik Kumar Behra, class XII AISSCE Roll no :_______________ under my supervision and guidance.

________________________________
______________________________

(Susmita Panigrahi)
Gupta)

(N.K

Chemistry teacher
Principal

______________________________

External examiner

Acknowledgement
I would like to express my sincerest thanks
and deep sense of gratitude to my chemistry
teacher Mrs. Sushmita Panigrahi. She has

always been helpful to me and also acted as

my project guide with her able guidance
throughout the duration of my project work
despite her busy schedule. She was always
there for me whenever I needed her help.
Then I would like to thank our Principal Mr. M.P
Sharma
For he had provided us with all the necessary
materials we needed to complete this project.
Finally I would like to thank my parents and my
friends without whom I would not been able to
complete my project.

D.A.V Model School

I.I.T. Kharagpur.

Sumit Jana

Date:-

Introduction
Dyes are coloured substances which can adhere to the
surface of the materials and are used to give colour to
paper, food-stuffs and various textiles such as cotton,
wool synthetic fibres, silk etc. Chemically a dye contains:

(i) Some group (such azo, indigo, triphenylmethyl,

anthraquinone, etc.) which is responsible for the
colour of the dye.
(ii) Some group (such as ---NH2, ---SO3H. ----COOH,
etc.) which makes the dye stick to the fabric by
formation of some salt.
The dyed fabric appeared to be coloured because a
particular absorbs a radiation of specific wavelength from
the visual range of electromagnetic radiation which fall
on surface. The remaining radiation (complementary
colours) of light is reflected. The colour we observe is due
to the reflected light. For example if a dye absorbs the
light in the wavelength region corresponding to red, then
it would appear green , which is the complementary
colour of red. Similarly, if a dye absorbs blue colour, it
would appear orange.

Contents
Sl.no

Topic

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Introduction.
Aim & apparatus.
Procedure.
Observation.
Precaution.
Scope of the project.
Bibliography.

1. icbse.com.
2. Wikipedia.

Bibliography