Buharimeter Report December 2015

ACHIEVED
ONGOING
1
27
222
PROMISES
194
NOT RATED
7 MONTHS AFTER:
DELIVERING ON
CAMPAIGN PROMISES
DECEMBER 2015
ACRONYMS
APC All Progressives Congress
APCs Armoured Personnel Carriers
CJTF Civilian Joint Task Force
CBN Central Bank of Nigeria
CDD Centre for Democracy and Development
EFCC Economic and Financial Crimes Commission
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GEJ GoodluckEbele Jonathan
HRW Human Rights Watch
HYPREP - Hydrocarbon Pollution Restoration Project
ICC-OTP International Criminal Court, Office of the Prosecutor
ICPC Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission
IDPs Internally Displaced Persons
IOCs International Oil Companies
IPIS Personnel and Payroll Information Systems
IPOB Indigenous People of Biafra
JTF Joint Tast Force
KRPC Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company
MCCC Military Command and Control Centre
MNJTF Multi-National Joint Task Force
NAF - Nigerian Air Force
7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES
01
NBS National Bureau of Statistics

NEITI Nigeria Extractive Industry and Transparency Initiative
NNPC Nigeria National Petroleum Commission
OSIWA Open Society Initiative for West Africa
PIB Petroleum Industry Bill
PMB President MuhammaduBuhari
PTFP Presidential Task Force on Power
PSIC Power Sector Investment Catalogue
PWC PriceWaterhouseCoopers
RWI Revenue Watch Institute
RGI Resource Governance Institute
SAN Senior Advocate of Nigeria
TAM Turn Around Maintenance
TCN Transmission Company of Nigeria
UNEP United Nations Environment Programme
USA United States of America
USAID United State Agency for International Development
02
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ACRONYMS
Introduction
1.Priority Sectors/Issues:
Security
The Economy
11
Corruption
14
Oil and Gas
18
Agriculture
22
Social and Environment Sectors
24
2. Year 2015 and PMB's Interventions
25
3. "Metering" the Interventions
33
4. PMB, Committees and Signing of Partnership/Memorandum of Understanding
34
5. A Look into 2016 and Beyond
36
6. Concluding Remarks: Matter Arising!
40
7. Policy Recommendations
45
8. About Buharimeter
47
03
INTRODUCTION
his report is the fourth of many reports that willbe released by

Buharimeter on the assessment of the performance of President
Muhammadu Buhari (PMB) and the governing party, the All
Progressives Congress (APC), on the delivery of its 222 electoral
promises. However, this report does not only assess the performance of
PMB but also provides useful insights into the current state of key sectors
as a way of establishing the basis of measuring outcomes. As such, this
report examines issues around insecurity, the economy, oil and gas
sector, corruption, agriculture sector and social sectors (with emphasis
on enviroment). Further more, it provides infographics that review a
range of such issues including: PMB's interventions to address
longstanding development problems in priority sectors, ratings of his
performance, and the number of committees set up and MoUs signed
within his first seven months in office. There is also a look into the policy
thrust of some ministries, revealed by their ministers at the end of 2015.
The report concludes with a set of policy recommendations.
04
Priority Sectors/Issues:
Security
Nigeria is grappling with a plethora of security challenges impacting
democratic consolidation and sustainable development.Challenges in
the last seven months include: Boko Haram insurgency, conflict
between herdsmen and farmers, rural banditry, ethno-religious
conflicts, armed robbery, piracy, the secessionist movement, citizenship
crisis, militancy, and kidnapping, amongst others. These are negatively
impacting the business climate, causing hardship to Nigerians, with
thousands of lives and property lost. The infographic below sums up the
security challenges in the country:
CHALLENGES OF SECURITY IN NIGERIA
BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY
PIRACY
1
2
CATTLE RUSTLING
KIDNAPPING
HERDSMEN VS FARMERS' CONFLICT
ARMED ROBBERY
BIAFRA AGITATION
ISLAMIC EXTREMISM
See the Global Terrorism Index (GTI), an annual publication of the Institute for Economics and Peace
CDD ECOWAS Counter Terrorism Tracker
05
Since the inauguration of PMB on May 29, 2015, the Nigerian military
has made progress in curtailing the Boko Haram insurgency in North
East Nigeria. President Buhari rejigged Nigeria's counter terrorism
architecture, forged regional alliances, appointed new security chiefs
and gave orders for the insurgency to be defeated by December2015.
The Nigerian Army is making gradual gains in the war against terror:
recovering territories and rescuing abducted citizens. Consequently,
the adminstration have claimed a technical victory, arguing that Boko
Haram is no longer capable of carrying out conventional attacks on
security forces or population centres. According to President Buhari
during an interview with BBC:
"I think, technically, we have won the warBoko Haram has reverted to
using improvised explosive devices (IEDs). They have now been
reduced to thatBoko Haram is an organised fighting force, I assure
you, [but] we have dealt with them," (President Buhari on BBC,23rd
December 2015).
However, Boko Haram was the deadliest terror group1 worldwide in
2014, accounting for 6,664 deaths. Since the inauguration of the new
2
administration, Boko Haram have killed an estimated 1,949 people
3
with hundreds of thousands internally displaced within this period .
The sect continues to display strong resilience and shocking
adaptability. Members of the group, who formerly travelled in
armoured personnel carriers (APCs), now ride horses, motor bikes and
bicycles to carry out their nefarious activities. These range from
poisoning water when fleeing villages and adopting soft target attacks
using suicide bombing, executed mostly by young girls. The insurgents
have also carried out attacks in Nyanya and Kuje, on the outskirts of the
capital city, Abuja.
3
According to UNCHR, the total number of internally displaced persons in Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba, Yobe, Nasarawa states and Abuja as of August 31 2015 stood at
2,150,451 see http://www.unhcr.org/524d86149.html
4
Supra
5
Government agency, the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) has responded to the plight of victims of Boko Haram in many ways, including providing humanitarian
services, rehabilitation and training of journalists on rehabilitation programme and health workers on psychosocial support. In similar vein, development agencies such as UNDP and
the Red Cross have trained victims of Boko Haram on vocational skills. For example, 500 victims have benefitted from the UNDP's Livelihood Support Scheme.
6
Dickson Adama, 2,400 displaced children now in unity schools - NEMA, Daily Trust, December 27, 2015, http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/general/2-400-displaced-children-nowin-unity-schools-nema/126315.html
7
The de-radicalisation program was part of the soft approach launched by the former National Security Adviser, SamboDasuki
06
The recent pledge of allegiance by Boko Haram to Islamic State has also
seen the former becoming savvier in the use of technology; no longer
utilising traditional media in disseminating information but rather
releasing their news directly on social media. The insurgency is
dynamic: taking on different trends on regular basis. However, some
challenges arising from the insurgency have not received
commensurate attention.
Paramount is the situation of internally displaced persons (IDPs). The
4
number of IDPs has increased to over 2 million ,over half of which are
children. These IDPs can be categorised into different groups: IDPs in
camps, IDPs staying with relatives in cramped apartments and IDPs
who start new settlements or camp in empty spaces/houses. The main
differences between these IDP groups is the varied availability of aid to
these groups. While the government and its partners have been
responsive5 , their responses have been largely unable to improve the
living conditions of IDPs, which are generally poor.
There are severe health hazards in IDP camps, with cholera being just
one example. From early September 2015, more than 500 cases of
cholera were reported in five camps and the neighbouring communities
in Maiduguri, Borno State. Education is also a concern for IDPs, with the
government responding by putting in place education programmes in
most camps. This includes the School on Wheels programme. A recent
6
report shows that 2,400 displaced children are now in Unity Schools
but the numbers of school age children captured under this scheme is
just a miniscule proportion of the total IDP population. Reports of
human trafficking and sexual violence are also rampant in the camps.
Another concern is that the estimated number of Nigerian refugees
displaced to other countries stood at 164,715 at the end of October2015,
8
President Buhari's War Against Terror Social Science Research Council, Kujenga Amani http://forums.ssrc.org/kujenga-amani/2015/09/18/president-buharis-war-againstterror/#.VokgMhZIjIU
9
International Criminal Court, Reports of Preliminary Examination Activities, 2015, released on November 12, 2015
10
The modalities of the signed agreement are yet to be made public.
11
http://dailytrust.com.ng/daily/index.php/news-menu/news/58184-new-sect-yanlabaiku-emerges-in-kebbi#iXZQ4gg4TqCkW3go.99
12
In September 2015, a military operation against cattle rustlers operating in Kamuku and Kuyanbana forests that cut across Kaduna, Niger, Katsina, Zamfara, Sokoto and Kebbi
States, led to the recovery of more than 100 cows.
13
Prior to the emergence of IPOB, there was the Movement for the Actualisation of the Sovereign State of Biafra (MASSOB), led by Ralph Uwazuruike's and the Biafra Zionist Movement
(BZM) spearheading the agitations for an independent Biafra.
07
with 34% in Cameroon, 9% in Chad and 57% in Niger. Most of the camps
are overcrowded and lacking basic services and facilities thus posing
high health risks to the camp population. As part of its soft strategy to
tackle Boko Haram, the government is running a deradicalisation
program7 .However, there are reports of a lack of basic amenities, with
reintegration plans for these deradicalised people being the most
challenging issue.
The government is yet to officially unveil its accountability plans for
resolving the Boko Haram insurgency. This may be partly because the
problem is not Boko Haram alone. Amnesty International recently
issued a report titled Stars on Their Shoulders, Blood on Their
Hands indicting the Nigerian military for its wanton killings in the war
against the insurgency8 . The ICC-OTP9 has also established eight
possible cases of crimes against humanity in relation to the North East of
Nigeria. This includes six possible cases against Boko Haram and two
possible cases against the Nigerian security forces. The Combined Joint
Task Force (CJTF) have also been accused of allegedly committing war
crimes, both against Boko Haram and civilians, while aiding the
Nigerian forces in countering the extremists.
The government is pursuing several interventionist strategies to curtail
the challenges arising from the insurgency. It has set up the soon to be
inaugurated Presidential Committee on the North East, and recently
signed a $2.3 billion assistance agreement with USAID10 to eradicate
poverty in the country, especially in the North East. However, it is
important to state that there mote and immediate causes of violent
extremism are still very much alive in the polity. There are smaller, less
popular Islamic radical groups present in several parts of Northern
Nigeria. For instance, Yanlabaiku11 in Kebbi state is preaching against
08
Western education and Westernisation, and Niger state is pervaded by

different radical Islamist groups. Most of these groups live in seclusion,
preaching and practicing radical Islam. For example, the Darul Salam is
displaced in Mokwa, and the Ibrassiya Huda Islamic Sect is displaced in
a forest from Lapai. While for now they may seem peaceful, they are
likely to constitute a threat to the Nigerian State in future.
Rural banditry continues to constitute a challenge to Nigeria. Armed
bandits continue to terrorise rural communities, rustling cattle, raping
and abducting women and girls, killing people and committing
highway robbery. Rural banditry is threatening cattle herds and
increasing tension in Northern Nigeria. Media monitoring reveals that
in September 2015 an estimated 119 deaths were recorded from rural
banditry attacks alone. While government at both state and national
12
level are making efforts to address this problem, not enough is being
done to solve the violence. In several parts of the country, ungoverned
spaces continue to exist, with war lords holding sway. States immensely
affected by rural banditry include: Kaduna, Plateau, Zamfara, Taraba,
Benue, Niger, Nassarawa, Bauchi, and Kastina. The casualities caused
by this insecurity area threat to the socio-economic stability of the
affected communities and Nigeria overall.
Agitation for the state of Biafra continues. The renewed agitation is
spearheaded by the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB)13 led by Nnamdi
Kanu, popularly referred to as the "Director". Kanu, based in London,
has apirate radio station 'Radio Biafra' which has been broad casting
incendiary messages threatening to bring down the "zoo".14 Nnamdi
Kanu was arrested during a visit to Nigeria on October 14,2015 and has
since been charged to court for treasonable felony. Street protests and
15
violence in parts of the country have continued to trail his arrest. The
09
attempt to disperse the protests of IPOB by the Joint Task Force (JTF)led
to violence: nine protesters were reportedly killed in Onitsha and
16
several injured . The handling of the Biafra protests is generating
significant concern as the security agencies are seen to respond
inappropriately- not only in alleged extra-juducial killings, but also in
the molestation of innocent citizens. For example, the Ohaneze Youth
Council released a press statement alleging the molestations of
Easterners travelling home for Christmas by the 302nd Battalion of the
Nigerian Army on Niger Bridge17.
The state approach, and particularly the security sector approach, in
handling the conflicts remains cause for concern across society. There
are fears that if the IPOB is not properly managed, it may degenerate
into a low level insurgency, further compounding current security
challenges. Soon after the security agents clampdown on the Biafra
seperatist movement, there were reports that the Nigerian Army, in
preventing an alleged attempted assasination on the Chief of Army
staff, General Buratai, killed twenty Shia members in Zaria. The Shiaare
said to have put up barricades and blocked the road to be used by
General Buratai. The Army went to the sect's enclave Husainiyyah, the
residence of sect leader Ibrahim Zakzaky in Gyallesu, and the
DarurRahma mosque, where many unarmed people were killed.
Human Rights Watch (HRW), has alleged that no fewer than 300
members of the Shiasect were killed and secretly buried by members of
18
the Nigerian army .
14
NnamdiKanu refers to Nigeria as the 'zoo country'.

Protests were held in Anambra, Abia, Imo, Enugu, Ebonyi,Rivers states and Abuja.
Nine Killed as Pro Biafra Protests turned Bloody Vanguard December 3,2015http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/12/9-killed-as-pro-biafra-protests-turn-bloody/
17
Ohaneze Youth Council Protests Against Soldiers Molestation, December 31,2015 http://www.thebreakingtimes.com/ohaneze-youth-council-protests-against-soldiers-molestation/
15
16
18
Nigeria accused of killing hundreds of Shia Muslims December 16
http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/12/nigeria-accused-killing-hundreds-shia-muslims-151216032540123.html
19
Economic and fiscal implications of Nigeria's rebased GDP
http://www.pwc.com/ng/en/publications/gross-domestic-product-does-size-really-matter.html
10
The Economy
The Nigerian economy has enjoyed sustained economic growth for a
decade, with annual real GDP increasing by around 7% in 2015.
Following the rebasing of the economy in 2014, Nigeria emerged as the
largest economy in Africa and 26thlargest in the world .However,
dwindling commodity prices, fear of post-election violence and the slow
start by the new administration have impacted the economy
unfavourably. The PMB administration began at a slow pace with
ministers only appointed in mid-November 2015, thus making it difficult
for any concise policy to be unveiled by the end of 2015. This further
impacted the already fragile economy.
Since the second quarter of 2014, Nigeria has experienced a decline in
Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Figures from the National Bureau of
Statistics (NBS) reveal that in 2014 GDP growth decreased from 6.54% in
the second quarter to 5.94% in the fourth quarter. GDP growth dropped to
2.35% in the second quarter of 2015. GDP growth for the third quarter of
2015 is 2.84% in real terms, which represents an increase of 0.49% from
the second quarter of 2015, and yet also a 3.38% reduction from the
6.32% recorded in the corresponding quarter of 2014.
Following the fall of crude oil prices and the resulting pressure on the
Naira, the Nigerian inflation rate reached an all-time high in the last six
months of 2015. Inflation increased to an average of 9.3% between June
and November 2015.
11
NIGERIA INFLATION RATE

9.2
9.2
9.3
9.4
9.3
9.4
9.6
9
8.7
8.4
8.5
8.2
8
Jan 2015
Apr 2015
Jul 2015
Oct 2015
Dec 2015
SOURCE: TRADINGECONOMICS.COM / NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS, NIGERIA
According to the NBS report of November 2015, the rise in the inflation
rate was mainly driven by higher food and non-alcoholic beverage
prices.
Following the crash in the price of crude oil from $115 per barrel in June
2014 to the current low of around $37 per barrel, the revenues of the
country have been hugely impacted. This is because oil accounts for a
huge proportion of the Nigerian economy, with the oil sector generating
up to 80% of the country's revenue and 90% of foreign exchange
earnings. The crash in the oil price has impacted the foreign exchange
rate, leading to volatility. The Naira continues to depreciate against
other foreign currencies, with, for example, the official exchange rates
for the dollar by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) currently at$1 to
N197. $1 is trading for N270 on the parrallel market. Several policies
have recently been introduced by CBN in an attempt to reduce this
pressure on the Naira. These include restricting the supply of foreign
20
These items include rice, cement, margarine, palm kernel/palm oil products/vegetable oil, meat and processed meat products, vegetable and processed vegetable products, poultry
-chicken, eggs, turkey, private airplanes/jet, Indian incense, tinned fish in sauce - Geisha/Sardines, cold rolled steel sheet and galvanised steel sheets
12
exchange to importers, and limiting products that can be bought using

dollars to a list of 40 items .There are also new CBN policies on foreign
currency, dollar policy and ATM card use abroad to preserve the external
reserves. These policies are, however, all generating unintended
negative consequences.
Nigeria's foreign trade reports for imports and exports during the third
quarter of 2015alsoshowed an unprecedented decline. According to
NBS, the value of total merchandise trade comprising Nigeria's imports
and exports in the third quarter decreased by N2.5 trillion or 38.3%,
compared to the corresponding quarter of 2014. The total value of trade
in the third quarter of 2015 was N4.02 trillion as against N6.4 trillion in
the corresponding period of 2014. This was caused by a decline of
N132.4 billion or 7.3% and N2.4 trillion or 50.3% in imports and exports
respectively, from 2014.The NBS report reveals a steady decline in the
economy as the value of trade dropped by N338 billion against the
preceding quarter of 201521.
Devaluation of the Naira, together with the inflationary trend, has raised
Nigeria's debt stock payment to N12.12 trillion. The national debt stock,
made up of federal and states' external obligations, as well as domestic
borrowings, were put at $67.7 billion as of December 31, 2014, but
reduced to $63.8 billion as of June 30, 2015. However, changes in the
exchange rate have affected these figures, as shown by the following. In
December 2014, the $67.7 billion balance was worth N11.2 trillion, at
the exchange rate of N166/$. This moved to N12.06 trillion at a reduced
debt stock of $63.5 billion in March 2015, based on the exchange rate of
N197/$. In June 2015, the debt stock rose to $63.8 billion or N12.12
trillion, at the exchange rate of N197/$22 .
13
The government has created several directives and policies to improve

the economy. Unfortunately, these are mainly monetary policies that
could not hold sway in the absence of fiscal policies. The reversal of
some economic policies and the poor implementation of the Public
Private Partnerships (PPPs) Agreement have not created an enabling
environment for investments. The deplorable state of infrastructure in
the country is also disturbing given its relevance to boosting
investment, industrial growth and the economy. There is hardly any
part of the country that has well-maintained roads. The railway system
is dysfunctional and the air transport sector is largely inefficient, as well
as being unaffordable for the vast majority of the population.
The unreliable power supply has been a major challenge for the
development of Nigeria's economy. For example, a recent study of
power generation statistics between January and August 2015,
conducted by the Power Advisory Group, revealed that only 25% of
Nigeria's 112,522MW of installed capacity reaches the end users. The
shortfall is due to obsolete equipment and poor maintenance of existing
23
power plants . To help address the unemployment rate - that currently
stands at 9.90%24 - government needs to formulate policies to address
the problems of the power and transportation sectors and provide
adequate social amenities. Mechanisms to ensure the effective
implementation of the policies should be put in place, coupled with
political will.
Corruption
CORRUPTION Corruption is one of the major threats to socio-economic, political and
human development in Nigeria. Corruption is endemic: it has become
embedded in the fabric of society. Since the country'stransition to
democracy in 1999, there havebeen attempts to fight corruption with
21
Emeka Anaeto and Emma Ujah, "CBN now to allocate forex to end users", Vanguard, December 28, 2015, page 1 and 5.
Currency depreciation, inflation push Nigeria's debt stock above N12 trillion, http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/2015/11/currency-depreciation-inflation-push-nigerias-debt-stockabove-n12-trillion/
22
23
LaoluAdeyemi, The Year Ends in Dwindling Power Supply, The Guardian, December 26, 2015.http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/2015/12/the-year-ends-in-dwindling-powersupply/
24
Unemployment/Under-employment Watch, Q3 2015, National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), accessed at www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/pages/download/334on the 15th of December 2015
14
several reforms undertaken and institutions created. They include the

establishment of anti-corruption agencies such as the Economic and
Financial Crime Commission, Independent Corruption and other
Practices Commission, and the National Financial Intelligence Unit.
Reforms include public service reform, monetisation to reduce waste
and personnel, and reform of public procurement. However, it is
disturbing to note that the prevailing state of corrupt practices in
Nigeria suggests that corruption itself is more institutionalised than the
anti-graft agencies established to curb it. Corruption has continued to
grow unabated in the face of high impunity, with previous governments
making no attempt to prosecute perperators of corruption. The scale of
the problem is indicated by the fact that Nigeria is ranked 136 out of
176 countries with a score of 27 out of 100 on the 2014 Corruption
25
Perception Index .
Since the inaguration of the new administration, there have been
visible efforts to combat corruption in the country. The adminstration
has reached out to several foreign states to assist in the recovery of
stolen funds. The United States has pledged to cooperate with the PMB
administration in locating and retrieving laundered monies26. The
government has also set up several 'corruption probes'27, targeted at
recovering looted funds and dismantling the setup that had previously
engendered financial maladministration. Equally, the anti-corruption
searchlight has been beamed on income-generating government
institutions such as Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS), the Nigerian
Maritime Administration and Safety Agency (NIMASA). The anti-graft
agencies are also pursuing cases of high level corruption among the
political class.
25
This index measures perceived level of corruption in the public sector.Between 2011 and 2014, Nigeria has maintained an average score of 26; which means that the country has
made little or no effort within this period to fight against widespread bribery and punish corrupt public official which culminated in the poor score.
US to Buhari: We will help you recover stolen funds, Daily Trust, July 21, 2015 [Accessed: July 24 at http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/daily/index.php/news-menu/news/60471-us-tobuhari-we-ll-help-you-recover-stolen-funds]
27
Ibanga Isine Buhari will probe Jonathan's govt only; Obasanjo's, Others - Presidency, Premium Times, July 232015http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/187120buhari-will-probe-jonathans-govt-only-not-obasanjos-others-presidency.html]
28
BuhariConstitutes Advisory Committee on Anti-corruption ThisDay August 10,2015 http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/buhari-constitutes-advisory-committee-on-anticorruption/217092/
26
15
Notable amongst the investigations into corruption is the ongoing arms

deal under former President Goodluck Ebele Jonathan.A13-man
committee was set up by the Office of the National Security Adviser to
audit the procurement of arms and equipment in the Armed Forces and
Defence sector, from 2007 to date. The committee produced a report
that indicts former National Security Adviser, Lt Col. Sambo Dasuki, of
awarding over N271.8 billion in fictitious contracts. The contracts were
for the purchase of four Alpha Jets, 12 helicopters, bombs and
ammunition. According to the report, the equipment was neither
supplied to the Nigerian Air Force nor in its inventory. Following this,
EFCC has arrested and arraigned the former NSA Chief together with
other culprits, including Dr. Raymond Dokpesi (the owner of Daar
Communication Ltd).The arms probe has shown just how endemic
corruption is in the country. Other high level corruption cases pursued
since the inauguration of PMB government include: the investigation of
Senate President Dr. Bukola Saraki, Zainab Yar'Adua (daughter of
former President Umaru Yar'Adua), Mrs. Toyin Saraki (wife of Senate
President), Sule Lamido, and others.
The administration has also set up a Presidential Advisory Committee
on Corruption28 made up of a seven-member committee to advise on
tackling corruption and the implementation of required reforms in
Nigeria's criminal justice system. An Anti-Corruption and Criminal
Justice Reform Fund has also been established, with funds contributed
by three international development partners, namely the Ford
Foundation, MacArthur Foundation and Open Society Foundation. The
$5 million fund will assist in the implementation of key components of
the Action Plan and the work of the Presidential Advisory Committee.
29
Why Buhari removed Ibrahim Lamorde as EFCC chairman http://www.flatimes.com/2015/11/why-president-buhari-removed-ibrahim-lamorde-efcc-chairman.html

RWI is now known as Resource Governance Institute (RGI)
RGI measures the quality of governance in the oil, gas and mining sector of 58 countries.
32
The components include Institutional and Legal Setting; Reporting Practice; Safeguards and Quality Control; and Enabling Environment.
30
31
16
EFCC was reconstituted on the 9th of November 2015, following the

replacement of Ibrahim Lamorde with Ibrahim Magu as the Chairman,
by PMB. Mr. Lamorde was accused by Dr. George Uboh of diverting N1
trillion, previously recovered by EFCC. In a statement made by PMB's
Special Adviser on Media and Publicity, Femi Adesina, Mr. Lamorde has
been replaced due to the fact that the "Presidency was uncomfortable
29
with some disclosures by the petitioner, George Uboh " .
PMB anti-corruption efforts have been commended as a step in the right
direction. Positive opinions in this regard are due to the possible positive
impact of the efforts on development and democracy in the country.
However, the government has been accused of politics of selection in the
fight against corruption. A delay in the prosecution of the accused
people has been a major criticism of the government. Moreover, while
the government has shown unmatched commitment to curbing
corruption, such effort should be institutionalised.
One of the promises of the current administration is to strengthen the
capacity of anti-graft agencies, particularly EFCC and ICPC, by
guaranteeing their prosecutorial and financial independence as well as
security of tenure. Despite the fact that the anti-grant agencies have
shown renewed efforts in the fight against corrupt practices, there has
been no effort by the government to amend relevant laws to guarantee
their independence in these areas. Moreover, nothing has been done to
enact the Whistle Blower Act, as promised by the administration. We
believe that through these interventions, the performance of anti-graft
agencies would not rely on the personality and political will of President
Buhari, but rather the campaign against corruption would be
institutionalised and thereby would extend beyond the current
administration.
17
Oil and Gas

OIL & GAS
Nigeria has the largest oil and gas industry on the African continent,
contributing over 70% of government revenues and over 90% of foreign
exchange earnings to Africa's largest economy. However, the oil
industry has been plagued with numerous challenges since the
country's return to democracy. For many years, the Nigerian National
Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) has been accused of suspicious
practices, including corruption and absence of accountability and
transparency measures in its operations. In 2013, Revenue Watch
Institute31 (RWI) ranked Nigeria 40 out of 58 (with a composite score of
42) in its Resource Governance Index (RGI)31.
32
The RGI reveals the endemic nature of resource governance deficit in

the sector. These severe governance challenges have led to: wastage of
the country's resources and revenue loss; invention of a makeshift
system by the nation's sole oil corporation for financing its operations
and discretionary retaining of ever-growing revenue; unbalanced
Offshore Processing Agreements (OPAs)33, amongst others.
There is no law that encourages openness nor are there mechanisms for
limiting conflict of interest and curbing discretionary power. Combined
with only weak or failing standards of transparency these factors make
34
information about the sector inaccessible to citizens . With moribund
refineries, the country entered into Offshore Processing Agreements
(OPAs) and Crude for Petroleum Products Exchange Agreements, better
known as crude oil swaps. Besides the opacity in these agreements, the
main fallout is the abysmal performance of the refineries.
18
The NNPC's financial and operation report (covering the period of

January to August 2015) revealed that contrary to the earlier claim
about robust performance of the management of the country's
refineries in Kaduna, Port Harcourt and Warri35, the refineries actually
recorded average capacity utilisation of 10.4%36. Nonetheless, hope of a
better oil production outlook has been ignited following a recent report
that the Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC) has
commenced daily production of 3.2 million litres of petrol37.
One of the longstanding challenges confronting the effective provision
of the seamless flow of petroleum products to oil retail outlets are the
activities of pipeline vandals. Apart from the fact that such activities
threaten the availability of petrol to end users, huge amounts of
revenue needed to pursue the diversification of the economy are lost
through this vandalism. It was reported that Nigeria lost 531million
litres of Premium Motor Spirit (PMS), valued at N50 billion, to pipeline
vandals between January and September 201538. In an attempt to
tackle the problem, the current administration has put in place
mechanisms such as a tracking system of oil flows and a partnership
with the Navy to curtail oil theft through vandalisation of pipelines.
However, the problem remains severe as emphasis is on preventive
measures with no visible attempt to address the root causes for the
vandalisation.
The price of oil on the international market continues to plummet.
39
Currently, the oil price has fallen to $37 per barrel , the lowest the
country has experienced in recent years. This has led to doubts about
the capacity of government to generate enough revenue from oil
products to fund the 2016 national budget. Oil prices are still falling,
with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) projecting that they could
33
Aaron Sayne, Alexandra Gillies and Christina Katsouris (2015), Inside NNPC Oil Sales: A Case for Reform in Nigeria, Natural Resource Governance, retrieved at
http://www.resourcegovernance.org/sites/default/files/NRGI_InsideNNPCOilSales_MainReport.pdf on the 28th of December 2015.
The 2013 resource Governance Index, Revenue Watch Institute, http://www.resourcegovernance.org/sites/default/files/rgi_2013_Eng.pdf
35
In the 100days report, it was reported that due to resumption of preliminary operations after the Turn Around Maintenance (TAM) of all the four refineries in Port Harcourt, Warri and
Kaduna, the refineries work at their installed capacity-60%, 80% and 70% respectively.
36
Refineries operated at 10% capacity in August, recorded N31.7bn loss, BusinessNews (October 20, 2015), http://businessnews.com.ng/2015/10/20/refineries-operated-at-10capacity-in-august-recorded-n31-7bn-loss/
37
Daniel Adugbo, Kaduna Refinery begins daily supply of 3.2m litres of petrol, Daily Trust, December 24, 2015.
38
Nigeria loses N50bn to oil thieves in nine months -NNPC, http://newtelegraphonline.com/nigeria-loses-n50bn-to-oil-thieves-in-nine-months-nnpc/
39
'Oil falls to $37, over 11 year low as excess supply weighs', The Guardian, December 29, 2015.http://www.ngrguardiannews.com/2015/12/oil-falls-to-37-near-11-year-low-asexcess-supply-weighs/
34
19
fall as low as $20 per barrel in 2016. This is far below the benchmark of
$38 per barrel for the budget, meaning the government's budget
performance may be low if the IMF projections materialise. Nigeria
must prioritise the diversification of its economy from sole reliance on oil
revenue. This will entail significant political will, a robust legal
framework and financing.
There is also ongoing public outcry over the need for are duction in the
pump price of petrol from N87 to N50. For instance, the President of the
Trade Union Congress (TUC), Comrade Bobboi Kaigama, stated that the
drastic drop in the price of crude oil on the international market should
have a direct effect on the domestic consumption of the product40.
Nigeria is said to have lost the sum of $359.01 million to gas flaring in
41
the first quarter of 2015 . Nigeria must also immediately priorities its
gas industry so the country can soon attain the status of an gas
producing/exporting country.
Nigeria is yet to deal with the problem of the shortage of oil produce,
especially petrol, to its citizens as well as adequate gas for domestic and
industrial use, and the provision of energy for the power sector. In the
last few months, queues in oil retail outlets in major cities have not
disappeared, despite approval of the payment of over N300 billion to
the oil marketers by the National Assembly. Department of Petroleum
Resources (DPR) has seized and fined42 some oil retail outlets for
hoarding oil produce and selling it at unofficial prices. Even so, the
conspiracy amongst oil dealers increases as Nigerians bought petrol at
prices as high as N325 per litre43 in places like Jos, Plateau State.
Although, with the recent re-adjustment of the oil pricing template in
the domestic market indicates petrol will sell at N86.50 and N86 at
40
Mohammed Shosanya, 'Petrol should sell at N50 per litre - TUC', Daily Trust, December 25, 2015.
Michael Eboh, Nigeria loses N72bn to gas flaring, Vanguard, August 4, 2015.
NafiziDawud, 'Kano Petrol station fined N4.2m for hoarding', Daily Trust, December 28, 2015.
43
LamiSadiq, 'Petrol reaches N325 in Jos', Daily Trust, December 24, 2015.
44
Bamas Victoria, 'Civil Defence Corp destroys 200 illegal refineries and prosecuted 120 persons involved in vandalism', Daily Trust, December 29, 2015.
41
42
20
retail outlets owned by independent,major marketers and NNPC

respectively respectively from January 1, 2016, how this will pan out is
as yet unclear.
In the Niger Delta, the Nigerian Navy and the Nigeria Security and Civil
Defence Corp (NSCDC) have clamped down on oil bunkers, illegal
refineries and piracy. It is difficult to estimate the number of illegal
refineries that have thus far been destroyed since the inception of the
new administration but it was recently reported that NSCDC alone has
44
destroyed 200 illegal refineries . The Nigerian Navy has embarked on
air bombardment and ground destruction of these illegal refineries in
various capacities. The condition of the refineries is no doubt inimical to
the enviroment, but the bombardment itself has also not helped. Other
than the economic loss due to the bombardment, there are debates on
what wealth the government could generate from the illegality of the oil
refineries. The bombardment occurred amidst the government's effort to
encourage modular refineries, with 65 licences already approved. There
is a need for government to consider how illegal refineries can become
an opportunity for development in the oil and gas sector, rather than
simply destroying the refineries and so damaging the environment.
The Petroleum Industry Bill (PIB) is the comprehensive outcome of the
Nigeria Oil and Gas Sector Reform Implementation Committee to
restructure the oil and gas industry towards achieving sustainable
development. The PIB seeks to establish a legal, fiscal and regulatory
framework for the petroleum industry in Nigeria; however it has suffered
the most challenges in the National Assembly. The new administration
has promised to reintroduce a more robust PIB before the 8th National
Assembly. The PMB adminstration stance includes promoting efficency
21
in NNPC. More so, there is a proposal for the division of NNPC into two
companies, namely the Nigeria Petroleum Assets Management
Company (NPAM) and a National Oil Company (NOC).
AGRICULTURE
& OTHERS
Agriculture
Nigeria is one of the largest countries in Africa, with a total geographical
area of 923,768 square kilometers and an estimated population of 173.6
45
million . In the 1960s, agriculture was the most important sector in
terms of contribution to the country's GDP, foreign exchange and
employment generation. The country had a comparative advantage
over the exportation of palm oil, cocoa, cotton and groundnut prior to
the oil boom in the 1970s. However, despite the rich endowment and
success prior to the oil boom, the agricultural sector has since been
growing at a very low rate.
In the mid-70s, Nigeria became a net importer of various agricultural
products. In 1982 alone, Nigeria imported 153,000 million tons of palm
oil at the cost of $92 million46 and 55,000 million tons of cotton valued at
$92 million . Between1973 and 1980, a total of 7.07 million tons of
wheat, 1.62 million tons of rice and 431,000 tons of maize were
imported. The cost of food imports in Nigeria rose from N47.8 million in
the 1960s to N88.2 million in 1970 and N1,027 million in 198847. Since
the 1990s, Nigeria has been spending an average of $60 million on the
importation of rice annually. Indeed, in 1994, the agricultural sector
performed below the projected 7.2% of budgetary output48. The country
currently has 75% of land suitable for agriculture but only 40% is
49
cultivated . This trend in the share of agriculture in the GDP shows a
substantial variation and long-term decline from 60% in the early 1960s
45
See http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL
Alkali, R.A. (1997) The World Bank and Nigeria: Cornucopia or Pandora Box? Kaduna: Baraka Press.
Ibid, pg. 19-21
48
OlukoyaOgen (2007), The Agricultural Sector and Nigeria's Development: Comparative Perspectives from the Brazilian Agro-Industrial Economy, 1960-1995, Nebula, March 2007.
49
Omorogbe O., Jelena Z. and Fatima A., 'The Role of Agriculture in the Economic Development of Nigeria' European Scientific Journal, February 2014, Vol. 10, No. 4
50
See http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/sectorstat/sectors/Agriculture
51
The Nigerian Gross Domestic Product Report: Quarter One 2014, The Nigerian Bureau of Statistic, accessed at www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/pages/download/221
46
47
22
to 48.8% in the 1970s and 22.2% in the 1980s50. In the first quarter of
51
2014, the contribution of agriculture to GDP was 19.7% .
Since the restoration of democracy in 1999, previous administrations

have initiated numerous programmes and policies to restore the past
success of the sector, with the overall agenda of boosting food
production in the country. These included facilitating or improving
access to agricultural credit schemes, developing technical-know-how
of farmers, and easing access to fertilizers and other facilities.
Nonetheless, the growth of the sector is still confronted with numerous
challenges, including: lack of access to land for cultivation, lack of
access to credit facilities, over-reliance on importation of food produce,
rural-urban drift, marketing problems, infrastructure inadequacies,
and unstable input and output prices.
In view of these challenges, the PMB administration has expressed
52
commitmment to improving this sector. One of the critical steps taken
was the establishment of four National Committees on the revitalisation
of the agricultural sector in Nigeria by the Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development. The government has also signed an MoU with an
Indian firm for the establishment of a Bio-fertilizer factory and research
center in Abuja, while CBN has launched the Anchor Borrowers'
Programme in Kebbi State to boost the production of agricultural
produce.
52
The Committees include operationalisation of Federal Government storage and Agro Processing facilities; Resuscitation of Cotton, Textile and Garments; strategic Action Plan for the
Development of Grazing Reserves and Stock Routes Nationwide; and Revitalisation of Agricultural Extension Services in Nigeria.
23
Social and Environment Sectors

In a bid to to address the on going environmental challenges in the
Niger Delta, in August 2015, PMB approved a $10 million take-off grant
for the implementation of the United Nations Environmental
Programme (UNEP) Assessment on Ogoniland and the Governing
Council of the Hydrocarbon Pollution Restoration Project (HYPREP). The
take-off grant will be contributed by the government and the
international oil companies (IOCs). Enthusiasm about the socioeconomic implications of the initiative was expressed by not only civil
society groups, youth and leaders of the South-South but also
Nigerians, who understand its significance to the development of the
present day Niger Delta. However, since August 2015, there is no strong
indication that this has been meaningfully undertaken. Thus, the
remediation project with a $10m Trust Fund is laudable but the public
need to know how far the government has gone in committing itself and
multinational oil companies to the clean up of Ogoniland.
It is particularly concerning that, seven months into the PMB
administration, there have been no visible attempts by the government
to take necessary action towards the achievement of promises made to
improve the education, health and water sectors. This is disturbing
given that the economic and security challenges facing the country at
the moment are not isolated from the problems confronting these
sectors.
24
Year 2015
and
PMB Interventions
Security
Relocated the Military Command
and Control Centre (MCCC) from
Abuja to Maiduguri, Borno State.
Established Multi-national Joint Task

made up of Nigeria, Chad, Niger,
Cameroon and Benin.
1 2 3 4
Issuance of Presidential ultimatum
to the Nigeria Military to defeats
Boko Haram by Dec. 30th, 2015
Strengthening regional and

international alliances with Chad, Niger,
Cameroon, Benin, USA, France, India
and Hungary for the fight against Boko
Haram.
Directive to the Chief of Naval Staff to

clear the Niger Delta of pirates and
illegal oil bunkers.
3,032
OFFICERS
PARDONED
Pardoned and reinstated dismissed 3,032

convicted Nigerian military officers.
5 6 7
Appointment of new security chiefs (Army,
Navy and Air Force) with a marching order
to end the insurgency in December, 2015.
26
NORTH EAST INTERVENTION

SCHOLARSHIPS
Offered scholarships to the children of slain
officers and cheques to their families. Donated
N40 million to bomb blast victims in Kano State.
Constituted Presidential Committee on the North

East for the development of comprehensive plan
for reconstruction of the North-east region,
resettlement and rehabilitation of the victims of
terrorism.
9 10 11 12
CHIBOK GIRLS
An offer of amnesty to Boko Haram on the

condition that the Chibok girls will be
released
433
TERRORIST
RE-INTEGRATION
Inaugurated Committee to oversee social
reintegration of at least 433 terrorists who renounced
their membership of the Boko Haram sect.
$2.3bn
Signed $2.3 billion grant from the United State

Agency for International Development to
address poverty in Nigeria, especially in the
Northeast part of the country.
13 14
MOBILE
SCHOOLS
Lauched mobile containerised schools in

Internally Displaced Persons' (IDPs)
Camps to ensure that school-age
children have access to basic education
while in their respective camps.
27
The Economy
Restricted access to foreign currency
to stop a slide in the Naira.
Stopped cash exchange deposits to forestall a

dollar denominated economy and the increasing
pressure of the nation's foreign exchange market.
1 2 3 4
Reduced annual and daily limit on
the usage of naira denominated
cards outside the country.
Directive to exclude some essential raw

materials from the list of items valid for
the Nigerian Foreign Exchange markets.
Reduced Monetary Policy Rate (MPR)

and Cash Reserves Ratio (CRR) from 13
percent to 11 percent and from 25
percent to 20 percent respectively.
Inaugurated a 17-member Power

Sector Investment Catalogue (PSIC)
Committee to produce a document that
would guide investors in the sector for
an improved power generation
capacity and capability in the country.
5 6 7 8
Created waste-cutting unit within the
finance ministry to bolster the
government's budget position and an
economy battered by sliding oil prices.
Signed an agreement on Solar Energy

with UK to boost its power programme
and to provide electricity to rural
people.
28
Set up a committee to work out

modalities for the establishment of a
national carrier for the country.
Established partnership with the Chinese

government to develop rail sector in the country.
9 10 11 12
1,648MW
Granted licence to eight firms to
generate 1,648MW electricity.
$2.4 bn
Approved $2.4 billion for the construction
of Lagos Red Line Rail Project.
29
Corruption
Publicly declared asset and liability
by PMB and the Vice-President, Prof.
Yemi Osinbajo.
Issued directive to civil servants to

henceforth respond to the auditor's
queries within 24 hours; and all
pending queries must be
responded to within 30 days.
Commenced monthly publication

of the NNPC's financial and
operational report.
1 2 3 4 5
TSA
Introduced Treasury Single Account

(TSA) for all federal revenues.
CONTINOUS AUDIT PROCESS

Ordered constant Continuous
Audit Process (CAP) to check
personnel costs
IPPIS
Capturing of staff of all MDAs on the
Integrated Personnel and Payroll
Information Systems (IPPIS) in order to
curtail some of abuses in the
government salaries.
Partnering with countries such as

Switzerland, Britain and USA to help
locate and retrieve stolen assets from
Nigeria.
6 7
Set up Committee to review

downward existing salaries and
allowances of political, public and
judicial office holders in the
country.
8 9 10
Constituted a 7-member Presidential Advisory

Committee against Corruption (PACC) headed
by Professor Itse Sagay (SAN) to advice the
administration on how to craft policy and
strategy on its anti-corruption programme.
Appointed PricewaterhouseCoopers (PWC) and

KPMG to conduct forensic audits into the
accounts of all revenue-generating agencies
of the government.
30
Oil and Gas

OPEN OPA BIDDING
Reviewed and terminated Offshore Processing
Agreement (OPA), and opened a bid for award
of fresh OPA with 101 Nigerian and
multinational companies competed for the deal.
65 MODULAR REFINERIES
Granted licence to 65 Nigerian companies to construct

modular refineries with capacities ranging from 1,000
to 10,000 barrels per day.
1 2 3 4
Cancelled contract for delivery of Crude Oil
to Refineries to reduce cost and the use of
marine vessels to strengthen operational
efficiency across its value chain.
Using tracking technology to protect

pipeline vandalisation
32%
NNPC PERSONNEL REDUCTION
Prunned top management personnel of the state-owned
firm from 122 to 83 and reduced its Directorate from eight
to four, with twelve (12) newly recruited personnel to give
the Corporation a new business outlook.
Cancelled oil and gas partnership inspection

and monitoring agent's tendering process.
5 6 7
$1.2bn
MULTI-YEAR DRILLING FINANCING

Secured a $1.2bn multi-year drilling financing package for 36 Offshore/Onshore
Oil wells under the NNPC/Chevron Nigeria Limited Joint Venture.
31
Agriculture and Others

Set up of four National Committees on the
revitalization of the agricultural sector in
Nigeria by the Ministry of Agriculture and
Rural Development.
CBN launched Anchor Borrowers'

Programme in Kebbi State to boost
production of agricultural produce.
1 2 3 4
BIO-FERTILIZER FACTORY
Signed MoU with Huawei to

train 2000 Nigerians on ICT
Signed a Memorandum of Understanding with

an Indian firm for the establishment of a Biofertilizer factory and research center in Abuja.
Approved cleaning up of Ogoniland as

recommended by the United Nations
Environment Programme (UNEP) on the
environmental restoration of Ogoniland.
MoU
$10m
Commitment of $10million as a trust
Fund for the HYPREP.
5 6 7
Amended the official gazette establishing
the Hydrocarbon Pollution Restoration
Project (HYPREP).
32
Metering"
the Interventions.
METERING THE
INTERVENTIONS
The infographics below shows that PMB has only achieved 1 out of the 222 tracked promises, which
constitutes 0.5 percent of the promises. More so, it reveals that while the government is taking
action to achieving only 27 (12.2 percent approximately) of the tracked promises thus ongoing, 194
electoral promises are still Not Rated. The latter constitutes 87.3 percent of the tracked promises.
ONGOING PROMISES
UNACHIEVED PROMISES
ACHIEVED PROMISES
PROMISES NOT YET RATED
(Due to no tangible related activities being implemented)
17
9
16
8
3
1
CORRUPTION
2
0
NIGER DELTA
NATIONAL SECURITY EMPLOYMENT

& DEFENCE
6
1
4
0
ENVIRONMENT
AGRICULTURE
13
FOREIGN POLICY
0 0
10
INFRASTRUCTURE
OIL & GAS
SECTORS WITHOUT ANY CAMPAIGN PROMISE BEING IMPLEMENTED AS AT JAN. 2016

POLITICS & GOVERNANCE
ICT
11
13
INDUSTRIAIZATION
HEALTH
HOUSING
SOCIAL SAFETY NET
SPORTS & CULTURE

30
EDUCATION
4
13
WOMEN & YOUTH

EMPOWERMENT
PWD
WATER & SANITATION
12
1
5
33
PMB, Committees and Signing

of Partnership/Memorandum of
Understanding
12
Committees.
Buhari Sets Up Committee on

War against Corruption
FG Inaugurates 4 Special Committees

to Revamp Agric Sector
Salary Crisis: Buhari names

committee to consider sharing
excess oil money
Buhari set up Committee to begin Probe

Management of the Proceeds of Excess
Crude Account and its Accruals.
Federal Government sets up

committee on reintegration of
repentant Boko Haram members.
FG names 13-member committee

on new national airline for
Nigeria
Buhari raises 13-member panel to

probe weapon procurement since 2007
FG inaugurates 16-man committee

on restructuring MDAs
Federal Government Sets Up

Investment Committee to Track
Foreign Investors
FG Inaugurates 11-Man
Committee on Housing
FG Inaugurates C'ttee on
Constitution of Boards, Parastatals
Corruption: FG Sets up C'ttees to

Probe Seven Universities, Three
Polytechnics
34
AGREEMENTS SIGNED
BY FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
1 2 3 4
Nigeria, US sign
$2.3bn agreement
to reduce poverty
Nigeria, UK sign
agreement on solar
energy
FG signs MoU with

Huawei to train
2000 Nigerians on
ICT
Nigeria, Egypt,
Australia, 3 others
sign MoU on
marine certification
5 6 7 8
Nigeria, Global
Good sign MoU on
Technological
Solutions
Federal
Government
Signs MOU on
Bio-Fertilizer
Govt signs $237m

World Bank
electricity deal
FG pens agreement
to build 500
housing units with
9 10 11
Nigeria Signs
New Oil Swap
Agreement
Nigeria Signs
agreement with
Germany to end
polio in the country
The National
Broadcasting
Commission Signed
an Event Hosting
Agreement with CTO
35
A Look into 2016 and Beyond
t seems the PMB administration has many plans to achieve electoral

promises made to Nigerians, from 2016 onwards. This canbe
deduced from media reviews of the policy directions of some
ministries, as expressed by their ministers, towards the end of 2015.
Generally, the broader agenda of the policy thrust is to build a more
diversified economy, improve the country's internally-generated
revenue and job creation. The following presents highlights of policy
ideas of some of the ministries:
PETROLEUM MINISTRY
Finding of more oil and gas to shore up revenue profile of the Federal
Government from the Petroleum Sector.
Splitting of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, NNPC, into
two companies the Nigeria Petroleum Assets Management Company
(NPAM) and a National Oil Company (NOC) that would be run on
commercial lines and partly privatised.
Gas development and gas infrastructure would also take center stage in
order to mop up some of the stranded gas.
[INFOGRAPHICS
HERE] pipeline chain.
Privatisation of the
country's petroleum products
Removal of subsidy for imported petrol and adjustment of oil pricing
template in domestic market in 2016.
SOLID MINERAL MINISTRY

Support and grow Nigeria's position in mineral assets with
commercially proven reserves to boost and strengthen domestic
industrialization and export markets.
Expand geosciences databases and insights through relevant research
as well as mineral that the country competes with.
36
SOLID MINERAL MINISTRY (contd.)

Build an investor friendly regulatory environment.
Use a partnership model with investors, communities, artisanal miners
and states to create the right incentives for all parties.
Strengthen the institutional support to artisanal and small-scale miners
for integrating them into the formal economy.
Improve access to capital for solid minerals sector operators, large and
small, by working closely with banks, and other financial institutions,
public and private.
Use solid minerals as a growth catalyst for communities by engaging
closely with multiple MDAs to ensure that communities are treated
with respect and professionalism to ensure that they can build a
diversified economy over the years.
Undertake an audit of privatised assets.
Invest in capacity building for the technical and operational staff in the
Ministry and organise the Ministry for optimal delivery of its goals.
Partner with non-state actors especially Community Development
Associations and Civil Society Organisations to promote participation
and inclusion and ensure community development and
safer/environmentally sustainable mining practices, etc.
37
HOUSING, WORKS AND POWER MINISTRY

Re-introduction of highway tolling to raise additional funds to finance
road infrastructure and ensure efficient road maintenance.
Spending of N10 billion to build low income housing estates in each of
the states of the federation and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT).
Contractors to finish on-going transmission contracts to enable the
Ministry transport the power being generated to the Discos to distribute.
Identify and enumerate industrial and commercial clusters where
manufacturing, fabrication, welding and related productive work is
going on, especially by small businesses and to see how the Ministry
can use the existing Legal framework to attract embedded power supply
to these people who must be ready to pay for the power.
Complete 10MegaWatt wind energy project in Katsina, a 215 MW plant
in Kaduna and the 3,050 MW plant in Mambilla Taraba State.
Get land from the Governors in all states and the FCT to start the
housing development across the country using the LagosHoms model,
starting with 40 Blocks of Housing in each state and the FCT.
Introduce a Multi-Year Tariff Order in electricity billing to the end users.
TRANSPORTATION
Ministry of Transportation will embark on transportation of petroleum
products to their various destinations by rail from 2016 to reduce risks
associated with trucking by road.
Repositioning of transportation subsector including aviation, road
transportation, maritime and water.
Resuscitation of commercial traffic from Port Harcourt to Aba, amongst
others.
38
AGRICULTURE
Initiation of Labour Intensive Family Enterprise (LIFE).
Construction of 20km Earth/Farm Roads in Niger State.
Creation of agricultural extension services office in every local
government areas in Nigeria.
Proposed signing of $300m rice project with Chinese Company,
HellogJiang Pingyuan Rice Group.
To set up animal artificial insemination centres across the country.
Employment and training of 30,000 youth in agribusiness through Youth
Employment in Agriculture Programme (YEAP).
OTHERS:
Recruitment of 500,000 teachers.
Skill acquisition programme for 500,000 non-graduate youth across
the country.
To unveil a strategic national communication plan to counter the
ideology and teaching of the terror outfit and other such groups
39
Concluding Remarks:
Matter Arising!
even months have passed since the inauguration of the new

administration on May 29th, 2015. It is obvious during this period
that certain steps were taken to address the longstanding
development challenges that cut across different sectors of Nigeria's
economy. Fundamentally, the government has shown unwavering
commitment to fighting corruption and blocking leakages in both the
civil service and the oil and gas sector; and is exhibiting a strong
political will to fight corruption irrespective of who is involved. However,
the fight against corruption must not be devoid of strict adherence to the
rule of law. In the last few months, several of the people accused of
corruption have been detained against the law, which stipulates that all
accused must be brought before the court 48 hours after arrest. Some
people granted bail have since been re-arrested and detained. The fight
against corruption must be pursued in line with due process and never
in abuse of the law.
It is also imperative for the government to acknowledge that the fight
against corruption should not be confused as sufficient to address all
governance challenges in the country. Essentially, fighting corruption is
and should remain one of the policy priorities of government but not the
only overarching intervention necessary to strengthen governance,
especially in a country like Nigeria where democracy is still
transitioning. The campaign against corrupt practices should
simultaneously exist with interventions such as social provisions that
could discourage people from engaging in corrupt practices, and to a
large extent, galvanize support for the campaign. This may also help
institutionalise the anti-corruption process in the country.
Allegations of perceived bias continue to be made against the PMB
administration in several parts of the country. For instance, the South
Eastern part of the country continues to claim marginalization on the
40
part of the government. This they have justified this claim on several
occasions by citing the composition of the government. They have also
supported this point by making direct reference to the statement of the
President, during his official visit to the US, that only people who voted
for him will be rewarded. This perceived bias is being used by the Biafra
secessionist movements to win converts. The claim of marginalization
by parts of the federation is not a new phenomenon. However, it is
imperative that the PMB administration embarks on national healing to
address the perceived wrongs witnessed in the previous years. This
could be a truth and reconciliation commission in a similar model to
Obasanjo's Human Rights Violations Investigation popularly referred to
as the Oputa Panel.
As much as the government has tried to redirect its focus in the fight
against Boko Haram to address remote and immediate causes of the
insurgency, it has largely adopted an enemy-centric, military approach
in the campaign. An enemy-centric approach ensures that the causes of
violent extremism are kept alive, rather than addressing the socioeconomic and development issues underlying such extremism. For
instance, the North Eastern part of the country is reputed to have the
lowest human development indices in Nigeria. Thus, the government
needs to streamline its economic, social, political and security reform
agenda in order to enhance holistic measures to address the divergent
causes of the insurgency.
The insurgency is also a great cause for concern due to the number of
deaths resulting from asymmetric attacks launched by the insurgents.
In the last seven months, an estimated1,949 lives have been lost, and
even after it was claimed the war was 'technically' won, the bomb blasts
that rocked Adamawa and Borno resulted inthe deaths of over 80
41
people. We recognize the effectiveness of the ongoing campaign, as the

insurgents have been largely decimated in terms of their inability to
control communities and villages in the North East and deploy deadly
facilities against soldiers. Nonetheless, the continuous explosion of
bombs in public places triggers worries regarding the intelligence
gathering capacity of the military and the effectiveness of inter-agency
collaboration in the fight against the insurgency.
The engagement of the Multi National Joint Task force (MNJTF) in the
fight against insurgency also gives room for concern. The MNJTF has a
right of hot pursuit and is empowered to operate without frontiers, with
the liberty to enter into Nigeria and across the borders of Chad, Niger
Republic, and Cameroon, which are plagued by the Boko Haram
53
insurgency . However, there are reports of the MNJTF entering the
country and killing citizens. For instance, in Kirawa-Jimni, in Gwoza
local government areas of Borno State, there are reports that about 70
residents of the village were killed by Cameroonian troops who were
54
chasing after Boko Haram insurgents . There has been no official
response from the Nigerian government affirming or rebutting this
incident. This gives room for concern, and the Nigerian government
must ensure that in any fight against insurgency, the rights of civilians
in armed conflicts must be upheld.
The security approach to curbing violent conflicts remains a source of
concern to Nigerians. In the past few months, there have been
disproportionate responses to violent conflict by security agencies.
Besides the alleged extra-judicial killings of the Shia and IPOB
members, there are also allegations of the army indiscriminately
burning down settlements in the North East. The men of the State
Security Services (SSS) have also been accused of carrying out
53
Slow Take Off of Multinational Force: Boko Haram Regroups in Border Villages
http://www.dailytrust.com.ng/news/general/slow-take-off-of-multinational-force-boko-haram-regroups-in-border-villages/116358.html#13Mw6Jg39PVVspXw.99
Boko Haram: Cameroonian soldiers 'kill' 70 Nigerians in Borno village
http://dailypost.ng/2015/12/23/boko-haram-cameroonian-soldiers-kill-70-nigerians-in-borno-village/
54
42
commando attacks in several parts of the country, for instance the raid
of the AkwaIbom government house. While it may be argued that all
acts carried out are in line with the duties of these agencies, it must at no
time deviate from the rule of engagement or law.
The government has recently expressed its commitment to hire 500,000
teachers to improve the quality of education and address
unemployment in the country. While this is a laudable venture, how the
government will achieve this remains in contention. For instance the
government, as of November 2015, is said to have a total number of
55
89,511 civil servants in employment . Questions remain as to how this
astronomical figure will be included in the civil service, how the
500,000persons will be paid considering the economic crunch being
faced by the country, and most importantly how all these positions will
be filled with qualified persons.
The inclusion of women in the PMB administration is generating
concern in several quarters. On the campaign trail, the President
pledged to implement the National Gender Policy, which makes
provision for women to occupy 35% of appointive positions56. However,
the appointments made so far reveal few women in this adminstration
57
compared to previous adminstrations. There are only six women out of
the 36 ministers apointed by the government. This constiutes
aproximately 17% of the Cabinet. In the same vein, women constitute
approximately 26% of the 18 newly appointed Permanent Secretaries in
the Federal Civil Service, plus the Head of Service.
The government has also not demonstrated any noticeable effort to
integrate youth into the governance process. To promote inclusive
goverment and redress the age old generational marginalisation of
43
women, youth and other vulnerable members of society, it is imperative

that this adminstration work on including women, youth, persons with
disabilities and other vulnerable groups in the governance process.
While, at this time, we are reading about the policy thrust of some
ministries in national newspapers, it is of great concern that most of
these are skeletal, failing to provide comprehensive information about
the plans of the government to address specific sectorial challenges.
Indeed, most of these are lofty ideas as they tend towards how the
country's economy can be diversified, improve internally-generated
revenue and create jobs. However, having this in a codified format will
not only be helpful to promoting all-inclusive growth and development
but it will also facilitate effective monitoring and evaluation of
interventions for development purposes.
44
Policy Recommendations
President Muhammdu Buhari's and his government should:

1.
Endeavour to unveil the policy thrust of his administration,

particularly for the economic and security sectors.
2.
Articulate a "Marshal Plan" to address security challenges posed

by terrorism, ethno-religious violence, rural banditry, and
kidnapping, amongst others, in the various regions of the
Nigerian economy. The plan should balance military and nonmilitary strategies and tools.
3.
Address structural and systemic failures of social amenities,

infrastructures, institutions and immediately put in place life
changing programs that will holistically address extreme
poverty, social inequality, injustice, and illiteracy.
4.
Prevent the proliferation of violent ideologies and identities,

push and pull factors of violent extremism, among others.
5.
Improve intelligence gathering and aid to affected victims of

terrorism.
6.
Priorities transparency in the management and handling of

suspects through the regular publication of the names of
suspects in military detention.
7.
Improve the health, safety, feeding and living conditions of IDPs.
8.
Ensure proper psychological, developmental, security and

livelihood support to IDPs before reintegrating them back to their
communities.
55
IkennaAssomba - 89, 511 civil servants in FG's employ by Nov 2015 -DG BPSR Friday, VanguardDecember 11, 2015
On March 19,2015, the President pledged thisat the town hall meeting with women professionals at the Harbor Point Hall, Lagos.
Aisha Alhassan, Kemi Adeosun, Amina Mohammed, Khadija Bukar Ibrahim, Zainab Ahmed and Aisha Abubakar
56
57
45
01
9.
Establish a national healing program to redress concerns about

marginalization or other grievances against the state.
10.
Prioritise security sector reform.
11.
The President should direct his efforts towards implementing

policies and programmes for employment generation.
12.
Efforts should be put in place to revive the education sector,

particularly in the areas of capacity building for unemployed
youth through vocational training.
13.
Immediately commence the process of amending relevant laws

that would guarantee independence of anti-graft agencies in
the areas of prosecution, finance and tenure of office. Efforts
should also be directed to the enactment of the Whistle Blower
Act.
14.
The President should demonstrate high level of commitment

towards the implementation of the UNEP report for the clean-up
of Niger Delta.
15.
Make land accessible to farmers by revisiting the 1979 Land Use

Act for necessry amendment and implementation of land
reform.
46
About Buharimeter
uharimeter (www.buharimeter.ng) is a monitoring tool that

enables Nigerians and pan-Nigerians around the globe to keep
tabs on the implementation of the campaign promises of
President Muhammad Buhari (PMB) and the All Progressives Congress
(APC). It is an independent, unbiased and non-political monitoring
platform that provides alternative opinion about government policy,
where necessary. By analysing data gathered through tracking of media
reports, policy analysis, opinion polling, and rating government
performance, we hope to empower Nigerians to take an active role in
making the APC-led government live up to its campaign promises. Our
progress rating is not based on mere policy pronouncement by the
government, but actionable steps taken to achieve a promise.
In carrying out this task, CDD collated data on the campaign promises of
PMB through the daily monitoring of print and electronic media. An
expert analysis of sectorial issues were undertaken; and citizens' views,
as expressed in the media, were systematically rated, before making
judgment calls on the status of the implementation of specific promises.
Weekly in-house reports were also prepared for the purpose of trend
monitoring. These reports are the building blocks for the monthly reports,
for which a database was created. We seek to strengthen our sources of
information for the assessment of government's performance through
creating a space on Buharimeter's website that allows citizens and other
stakeholders to regularly inform us about government actions (IWitness).
Buharimeter is a project of the Centre for Democracy and Development
(CDD) with support from the Open Society Initiative for West Africa
(OSIWA) and Department for International Development (DFID).
Disclaimer: Views expressed in this report are those of CDD but not OSIWA
and DFID.
47
Project by:
Supported by:
Infographics & Layout by:

Buharimeter Report December 2015

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Buharimeter Report December 2015

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

ACHIEVED

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

NBS National Bureau of Statistics

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

Oil and Gas

Social and Environment Sectors

2. Year 2015 and PMB's Interventions

3. "Metering" the Interventions

4. PMB, Committees and Signing of Partnership/Memorandum of Understanding

5. A Look into 2016 and Beyond

6. Concluding Remarks: Matter Arising!

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

his report is the fourth of many reports that willbe released by

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

CHALLENGES OF SECURITY IN NIGERIA

BOKO HARAM INSURGENCY

HERDSMEN VS FARMERS' CONFLICT

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

Western education and Westernisation, and Niger state is pervaded by

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

NnamdiKanu refers to Nigeria as the 'zoo country'.

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

NIGERIA INFLATION RATE

SOURCE: TRADINGECONOMICS.COM / NATIONAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS, NIGERIA

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

exchange to importers, and limiting products that can be bought using

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

The government has created several directives and policies to improve

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

several reforms undertaken and institutions created. They include the

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

Notable amongst the investigations into corruption is the ongoing arms

Why Buhari removed Ibrahim Lamorde as EFCC chairman http://www.flatimes.com/2015/11/why-president-buhari-removed-ibrahim-lamorde-efcc-chairman.html

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

EFCC was reconstituted on the 9th of November 2015, following the

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

Oil and Gas

The RGI reveals the endemic nature of resource governance deficit in

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

The NNPC's financial and operation report (covering the period of

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

retail outlets owned by independent,major marketers and NNPC

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

Since the restoration of democracy in 1999, previous administrations

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

Social and Environment Sectors

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

Established Multi-national Joint Task

Strengthening regional and

Directive to the Chief of Naval Staff to

Pardoned and reinstated dismissed 3,032

7 MONTHS AFTER: DELIVERING ON CAMPAIGN PROMISES

NORTH EAST INTERVENTION

Constituted Presidential Committee on the North

An offer of amnesty to Boko Haram on the

Signed $2.3 billion grant from the United State

Lauched mobile containerised schools in