Unit 1 Chemistry

Periodic Table Quiz Answers

Multiple Choice Questions
1. A
9. A

2. C
10. C

3. C

4. C

5. D

6. A

7. C

8. A

Short Answer Questions

Question1
(i) As you go down a group the elctctronegativty decreases
(ii) Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons. As you go down a
group the electronegativity decreases. This is because the outer shell is further away
from the nucleus and atom would be less easily be able to attract electrons to its outer
shell.
(iii) As you move down a group the metallic character increases
(iv) Metallic character is defined as the ability to lose an electron. As you move down
a group the size of the atom increases due to the increases in the number of electron
shells being occupied. The valence electrons are further away from the nucleus, are
less attracted to it and therefore are more easily lost
Question 2
(a) (i) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
(ii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d2 4s2 OR
(iii) 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d2

(b) An orbital is a region of space in which an electron is likely to be found

(c) When an atom is heated in a Bunsen burner flame, electrons are provided with
energy and can move to a higher energy level if provided with sufficient energy. The
electrons occupying the higher energy level are unstable and hence will move back to
the lower energy. As they do they will release the energy in form of electromagnetic
radiation. If the electromagnetic radiation is part of the visible spectrum then a flame
colour will be observed. The flame colour emitted can be split up by a prism or
spectroscope into the different wavelengths that make it up. Each wavelength can be
seen as a line on the emission spectrum and represents the difference in energy
between one energy level in the atom and another.

Question 3
(a)
(i) Bohr assumed that the electrons moved in circular orbits rather than say elliptical
ones
(ii) Why do shells have particular energies
(b)
(i) The subshells making up the fourth shell are the 4s, 4p, 4d and 4f
(ii) There are 3 orbital on the 6p subshell
(iii) Bohrs orbits are spherical in shape where the electrons circle the nucleus
definite distances from it. In quantum mechanics the orbitals are regions of space
where you are likely to find an electron and are different shapes eg spherical,
dumb-bell etc

Question 4
Here are some points that could be included
He collected a large amount of experimental data on the different elements
known at the time (63)
Arranged the elements according to their atomic mass and then grouped them
into vertical columns according to their chemical properties. Elements with
similar chemical properties were underneath each other in the periodic table
Left gaps in the periodic table for elements that had yet to be discovered and
were able to predict their properties.
Showed that the properties of the elements varied periodically.