Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Tips to Guide your Child's Enjoyment of Learning ............. 4
Color Images:
Layers of the Sun .......................................................... 14
.............................................. 40
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STAR CHALLENGE
Look around you at things that
move and grow. See how many of
them you can trace back to being
because the Sun shines!
Jua
Arabic*
Shams
Chinese
Taiyang
Danish
Sol
Dutch
Zon
My language is : ____________
GneR
My language is : ____________
French
Soleil
German
Sonne
Greek
Helios
Hawaiian
La
My language is : ____________
Sun
My language is : ____________
Sha
My language is : ____________
Italian
Sole
Russian
Solnce
Japanese
Taiyo
Spanish
Sol
Lakota
Anpetu wi
Swahili**
Jua
Navajo
Sha
Sol
Turkish
GneR
My language is : ____________
STAR CHALLENGE
You can learn more names for the Sun at:
http://www.mreclipse.com/Special/SElanguage.html
* We have chosen to display the flag of Saudi Arabia because of its cultural significance to the Arabic speaking world.
** This is the flag of Tanzania, where Swahili is an official language.
STAR CHALLENGE
You are a photon of light Make your way out of the Sun's core* and into space!
Pick up letters along the way to spell out a special message about the Sun. (Take a look at Gee Whiz fact #15 on p. 39.)
___
G
Energy from the Suns core takes 150,000
years to reach the photosphere*. So the
light you see today was produced when
humans were still in the stone age!
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STAR CHALLENGE
Want to know the answers to these and
more questions about the Sun? Check
out the FAQ, starting on page 34!
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Sun
Moon
Earth
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Can you match the labels in the center with the correct pictures?
Hint: use the temperatures and the clues from the electromagnetic spectrum on the next page
Image # ________
Image # ________
The surface of the Sun the photosphere
TEMP 10,000F, 6000Kelvin
Image # ________
Image # ________
The upper chromosphere
TEMP 17,500F, 9700Kelvin
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Theres more to light than meets the eye! Different kinds of light have different names, different wavelengths, different
frequencies, and different temperatures. Use this diagram to help you match the pictures and labels of the Sun.
Courtesy: NASA
ANSWERS:
X-Ray 4
Ultraviolet 2
Visible Light 1
Extreme Ultraviolet - 3
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SUN-EARTH CONNECTIONS
Sunset
16
Rainbow
Aurora
Try to match the three basic types of solar storms with how big the Earth would be in each picture.
These storms can have significant effects on Earth. (See Gee Whiz fact #6, p. 38)
Solar Flare
Solar Prominence*
Quiet Corona
ANSWERS:
Solar Flare 1
plasma arches
Solar Prominence 2
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FAR AWAY
CLOSER
RISE
WEST
100 BILLION
93 MILLION
MILLION
WINTER
SOLAR ECLIPSE
SOLAR SYSTEM
MILKY WAY
CORONA
In
stars we see at night are much brighter than our Sun, but
the Sun is lowest in the sky and there are less daylight
hours.
summer
months,
the
Sun
is
_____________
and
set
in
the
______________
because
Earth
is
VEGETABLES
FLOWING
SOLAR MAXIMUM*
ASTRONAUTS
AURORAS
PLANTS
BLOWING
SOLAR WIND*
intercepts only
The
The Sun's heat melts the ice and snow and keeps the
waters _______________. The Sun warms the surface of
Earth
unevenly
and
keeps
the
winds
____________________.
Plants and trees get their life energy directly from the Sun
solar flare).
________________________.
come from plants and trees (like seeds, nuts, grains, fruits
and __________________ ).
storms.
the Sun.
Field Test Version Space Science Institute 2004 Contact: morrow@spacescience.org
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_______!
skies
sink
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fun
go
lunch
receives
STAR CHALLENGE
Write your own poem or song about
the Sun or draw a picture about how
the Sun supports life on Earth.
COLOR US!
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Use the key on the next page to fill in the blanks beneath each picture.
THE SUN'S HEAT ____________ THE _____________ AND __________ TO KEEP THE ____________ FLOWING.
THE SUN WARMS THE SURFACE OF ____________ UNEVENLY, AND THIS KEEPS THE ___________ BLOWING.
EARTH
GLOWING
ICE
LIGHT
MELTS
PLANTS
SNOW
TREES
WATERS
WINDS
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Write the correct times of day for the boy rotating below
(Choose from Sunrise, Sunset, Noon or Midnight)
1. ________________
2. _________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
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Adapted from Kinesthetic Astronomy: The Sky Time Lesson by Morrow and Zawaski
1. Pretend you body is Earth in orbit around the Sun. Let a helium
balloon be the Sun.
2. The top of your head is Earths north pole. Pick a point on the ceiling
to be the North Star (Polaris). Tilt your head toward Polaris, like the kids
in the drawing below.
3. Try to orbit the Sun while keeping your head tilted toward Polaris.
Spring
Summer
Winter
Fall
________________________
________________________
ANSWERS: For their Northern Hemispheres, the girl is in summer; the boy is
winter. What about their Southern Hemispheres?
Adapted by permission from PASS (Planetarium Activities for Student Success), Vol. 11 Astronomy of the Americas.
This activity can be done from a place in your
neighborhood. When you complete it, you will have
created a horizon Sun calendar much like ones that have
been used in many Native American tribes.
Materials:
What to Do:
1. Select a position where you can observe the setting Sun.
Note where on the horizon the Sun sets on a given night.
Make a drawing or take a picture of the horizon in that
general area.
2. Using a magnetic compass, mark the compass
directions northwest, west, and southwest on your
picture or drawing.
3. Once or twice a week for the next month, mark the
location where the Sun sets for each clear day, and
record the date and time of the sunset. Be sure to
always make your observations from the same spot.
4. Discuss results with friends or family members. Does the
Sun set farther to the south, farther to the north, or in the
same place on later days as compared with the first
day?
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A.
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Season: ____________
STAR CHALLENGE
Make a list of things that are
different in the two drawings, then
make a list of whats different in your
neighborhood at different times of
year.
Season: ____________
B.
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The next day I told Mr. Ryan what I had discovered about
shadows and the Sun. He said he was impressed, but then
he asked me if I noticed shadows changing in length
during the day. I said, I guess, but he wouldn't accept
that. He told me to take another look and give him my
answer the next day.
Well, I finally figured it out, but it took a little help from my
teacher. Id tell you the answer, but it might be more fun if
you see for yourself. Try it!
After you read this story,
check out your own
shadow at different times
of day. Does it point in
different directions?
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10
11
12
15
16
19
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14
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20
21
22
23
24
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40
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Cherilynn Morrow
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32
SUNSPOT
ECLIPSE
CME
EQUATOR
AURORA
AUTUMN
WINTER
SUMMERS
SPRING
SUNSET
STAR
SUN
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ACROSS
5. Earth's rotation makes the Sun appear to rise in the east and set in the _ _ _ _.
DOWN
1. Dark patch on the Sun. There are more of them during times of maximum solar activity
(Solar Maximum*). Solar Maxima occur about every 11 years. The last one was in 2001.
2. Letters to use when you want to add a note at the bottom of a letter to a friend
8. United States (abbr) [HINT: "abbr" means "abbreviation". For example, the abbreviation for
"National Aeronautics and Space Administration" would be "NASA", and the abbreviation for
"feet" would be "ft"]
3. Small amount (same as Greek letter for I) [HINT: If you do not know this one, try the cross
words first (1, 9, 11, and 15 ACROSS) to see if they help you discover the answer.]
9. The Wizard of _ _.
4. Country in the southern hemisphere that is famous for flightless birds called Kiwis (abbr)
10. University of Hawaii (abbr). This university operates telescopes that observe the Sun.
14. Third note on a major musical scale [HINT: Remember the song in The Sound of Music?]
11. When the Moon blocks light from the Sun, we call this a solar _ _ _ _ _ _ _.
15. State on the western coast of the US that has the Golden Gate bridge, redwood trees,
and Hollywood (abbr)
13. _ _ _ _ _ _ borealis. Another name for the Northern Lights caused by the Sun's activity.
17. The Sun appears to come _ _ at sunrise, and go down at sunset.
19. In French, "une amie" is a female friend. So a male friend would be "un _ _ _".
22. Opposite of "sunrise"
25. Famous 18th century musical composer who wrote "The Magic Flute" and "The Marriage
of Figaro": Wolfgang Amadeus _ _ _ _ _ _.
29. Same as 8 ACROSS.
31. The Sun is a _ _ _ _. It is the only one in our solar system*, but it is one of over 100 billion
in the Milky Way galaxy!
32. Coronal Mass Ejection (abbr). This is a storm from the Sun that can cause especially
bright auroras* or power outages on Earth.
28. The _ _ _ is our star. Earth intercepts only 1 billionth of the energy it puts out, but this is
enough to support plant and animal life.
35. Group of Native American people living in parts of Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico
32. Board game with a king, queen, 2 bishops, 2 knights, 2 rooks, and 8 pawns
39. Universal Time (abbr). This is the time at Earth's prime meridian -- the zero line of
longitude that passes through Greenwich, England. If it is midnight in New York then it is five
hours later, or 5am, in Greenwich. At this time, astronomers would write 0500 UT no matter
where in the world they were observing.
37. Greek letter for M [HINT: If you do not know this one, try the cross words first (32 and 33
DOWN) to see if they help you]
38. The North Pole is at 90 degrees north latitude where it is very cold. The _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is at 0
degrees latitude where it is very warm.
40. Country with large, stone pyramids. People there used to worship a sun god named Ra.
41. Trick or _ _ _ _ _!
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1.
10.
2.
11.
3.
12.
4.
5.
13.
6.
14.
7.
8.
16.
9.
18.
In SUN glasses!
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2.
3.
4.
5.
7.
8.
9.
How will our Sun end its days? Our Sun will end its
days by expanding to the size of Earth's orbit* and
puffing off its outer layers. At that time we would call
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12.
13.
11.
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14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
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http://www.exploratorium.edu/science_explorer/sunclock.html
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Solar System: The Sun and the family of objects that orbit it.
The solar system includes things like planets, moons,
comets and asteroids.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Development Team
Dr. Cherilynn Morrow, Preston Dyches, Amy Wilkerson, Brad Mclain
Original Illustrations
Andrew Sanchez
Image Credits
Abbreviations: r=right, l=left, c=center, tr=top right, tl=top left,
br=bottom right, bl= bottom left, t=top, a=all
SOHO (ESA & NASA): Cover; 7tr, br; 12l; 14a; 17tr, bl, br; 37br; 38l;
39r
http://sohowww.nascom.nasa.gov
Graphic Artist
Tyson Brawley
NASA: 15c
NASA/LMSAL: 14br
Big Bear Solar Observatory: 17tl
Credits
Morrow, C.A., "Kinesthetic Astronomy: The Sky Time Lesson".
The Physics Teacher, April 2000.
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