Section of Supportive Hospice and Palliative Medicine

Department of Family and Community Medicine

University of the Philippines Philippine General Hospital
Manila

SHPM PROGRAM DOCUMENT (CFAT 012011-4)

COMPENDIUM OF FILIPINO ASSESSMENT TOOLS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE & RESEARCH

BRIEF SCREEM FAMILY RESOURCES SURVEY (BRIEF SCREEM-RES)

AUTHOR/S: Manuel Medina Jr. and the Section of Supportive Hospice and Palliative Medicine (SHPM)
FILIPINO VERSION: The Filipino and English Versions were developed simultaneously.
PURPOSE: To assess general family resources.
DESCRIPTION: The BRIEF SCREEM-RES was developed by M. Medina, Jr. M.D. and the Section of Supportive Hospice and Palliative
Medicine, University of the Philippines Philippine General Hospital (SHPM, UP-PGH). The goal was to use the 12 item SCREEM RES to
develop an even simpler valid and reliable Filipino measure of family resources. It is primarily intended for family medicine and palliative
medicine physicians who would want a tool that approaches the brevity and simplicity of the very familiar Family APGAR. The items used
in the construction of the original SCREEM-RES were directly based on a review of relevant international tools and research, and the opinion
and experience of the Section of SHPM in the assessment of family function. In particular, the review and evaluation of available materials
focused on materials related to the SCREEM Method of Analysis of the familys resources originally developed by Smilkstein (1978) and
adapted by the Philippine Academy of Family Physicians, and materials related to family resources in times of crisis. The brief 6 item BRIEF
SCREEM-RES which was derived from the SCREEM-RES provides a measure of general family resources. Each item represents the 6
domains of the original SCREEM Method of Analysis: Social, Cultural, Religious, Economic, Educational and Medical.
SCORING: Each item is scored on a 0 to 3 basis using the following key: strongly agree = 3, agree = 2, disagree = 1, strongly disagree = 0.
The scores for the all the items in the BRIEF SCREEM-RES and its subscales are summed resulting in a total score for the entire BRIEF
SCREEM-RES. Higher scores reflect more adequate family resources and better family resource adequacy to adapt in times of crisis; while
lower scores reflect more inadequate family resources and poorer family resource adequacy to adapt in times of crisis. The scores range from
0 to 18 for the entire BRIEF SCREEM-RES (general family resources).
Simplified Classification System: The original Family APGAR and its original classification system is one of the most familiar family
assessment tools used by many family medicine and palliative medicine clinicians. To address the requests for a simplified classification
system by many clinicians, the following system is proposed. This proposed scoring system is developed in the same manner as the scoring
system of original Family APGAR as proposed by Smilkstein- the scale is divided evenly into classes and the classification system is based
solely on what appears to be most appropriate and conceptually correct; as opposed to an empirically based division of the scale. The author/s
recommends that for intensive clinical assessment and/or research, the actual scale should be used instead of the classification system.
The total BRIEF SCREEM-RES scores are grouped using the following key: Severely Inadequate Family Resources = 0 to 6, Moderately
Inadequate Family Resources = 7 to 12, Adequate Family Resources = 13 to 18. the author/s believe that further simplification of the
SCREEM-RES using very limited number of items and limited classification systems will adversely affect its discriminatory power and
sensitivity.
RELIABILITY: The BRIEF SCREEM-RES (Filipino Version) has excellent internal consistency. Initial estimate of the Cronbach alpha for
the scale using the data from the original SCREEM-RES was 0.71. Further reliability studies are ongoing and/or planned by the author/s.
VALIDITY: Preliminary evaluation of the BRIEF SCREEM-RES (Filipino Version) using data from the original SCREEM-RES study, in
families of children with cancer shows that it has good correlation with general family function and satisfaction with family function as
measured by the Filipino version of the original 5 item Family APGAR. Using data from another study involving the same sample population
of families of children with cancer, the SCREEM-RES and the BRIEF SCREEM-RES also correlated with the quality of life of the patient,
the well-being of the caregiver as measured by the WHO Index of Well Being, and the psychological reaction to illness of both the patient
and the family caregiver. These associations were retained in the BRIEF SCREEM-RES. Construct validity was also achieved through the
process of tool development and item selection based on expert opinion and the review of relevant international recognized tools and
research. Further validation studies are ongoing and planned by the author/s.

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ADMINISTRATION: The tool can be answered by adults and older children (preadolescents and adolescents); patients and/or family
caregivers. Just like the original Family APGAR, it can be used on one or more members of the same family. It can be administered in a
number of formats, including traditional paper and pencil format (either self-administration or research-staff interview face to face,
telephone, or internet based interview) and electronic formats and Web-based applications.
ADDITIONAL NOTES
January 2011: Initial studies using a sample of families of children with cancer using the introductory phrase Simula ng nagkasakit ang isa
sa amin sa pamilya (Ever since a member of our family became sick). The author/s of the tool have suggested that this phrase, or the
phrase Simula ng nagkasakit si ___ (Ever since ___ became sick) for similar populations of patients and families. However, the author/s
also recommend a more generic phrase Kapag may nagkakasakit sa aming pamilya (When someone in our family gets sick), for a more
general population of families.
PRIMARY REFERENCES: 1) M Medina and the Section of Supportive Hospice and Palliative Medicine (SHPM). SCREEM Family
Resources Survey (SCREEM-RES). SHPM, DFCM, UP-PGH. 2010. 2) M. Medina, A Panganiban-Corales, L Nicodemus, and A Ang.
Family Resources Study: Part 2: Development and Evaluation of the SCREEM Family Resources Survey (SCREEM-RES). SHPM Research
Document (FAM 012010-2). Section of Supportive Hospice and Palliative Medicine (SHPM), DFCM, UP-PGH. 2010.
In addition to the primary reference, this document can be cited as follows: M. Medina and the Section of Supportive Hospice and Palliative
Medicine (SHPM). The Brief SCREEM Family Resources Survey. SHPM Program Document. Compendium of Filipino Assessment Tools
for Clinical Practice & Research (CFAT 012011-4). SHPM, DFCM, UP-PGH. 2011.
AVAILABILITY: Permission to use the BRIEF SCREEM-RES should be obtained from the author/s. The BRIEF SCREEM-RES is in an
early stage of development. In order to maintain an organized program for further development and ensure appropriate use, use of the BRIEF
SCREEM-RES is mainly restricted to programmed studies within the SHPM. However, the authors also recognize the severe lack of easily
available Filipino measures to assess family resources. Therefore, the author/s are amenable to the use of the BRIEF SCREEM-RES in
studies outside of SHPM as long as permission is obtained. Requirements include: submission of program / project / research plan or
proposal to the author/s, changes or modifications to the plan or proposal as required by the author/s; regular updates; citation of the role of
the author/s in the program / project / research, and as co-author; and submission of the final draft of report or paper for suggestions prior to
final approval. No fees apply to non-funded clinical and research programs. No changes or modifications to the content, format, scoring and
interpretation of scores of this assessment tool are allowed by the author/s.

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BRIEF SCREEM FAMILY RESOURCES SURVEY (BRIEF SCREEM-RES) FILIPINO

Kapag may nagkakasakit sa aming pamilya

S
C

E
E
M

Matinding
Sumasangayon

Sumasangayon

Hindi
Sumasangayon

Matinding
Hindi
Sumasangayon

Kami ay nagtutulungan sa isat isa sa

aming pamilya.
Ang kultura ng pagtutulungan at
pagmamalasakit sa aming komunidad ay
nakatutulong sa aming pamilya
Natutulungan kami ng aming mga
kasamahan sa simbahan o mga grupong
relihiyoso
Sapat ang naipong pera ng aming
pamilya para sa aming mga
pangangailangan
Sapat ang aming kaalaman upang
maalagaan ang may sakit.
Madaling makakuha ng tulong medikal
sa aming komunidad.

Manuel Medina Jr. MD and the Section of Supportive Hospice & Palliative Medicine, University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Manila. 2010.

BRIEF SCREEM FAMILY RESOURCES SURVEY (BRIEF SCREEM-RES) ENGLISH

When someone in our family gets sick

S
C
R
E
E
M

Strongly
Agree

Agree

Disagree

Strongly
Disagree

We help each other in our family

Our culture of helpfulness, caring and
concern in our community is helpful to
our family.
Members of our church and/or religious
groups are helpful to our family
Our familys savings are sufficient for our
needs
Our knowledge and education is
sufficient for us to take care of our sick
family member
Medical help is readily available in our
community.

Manuel Medina Jr. MD and the Section of Supportive Hospice & Palliative Medicine, University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Manila. 2010.

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