Targate'16: Test Id: 161273

ECTest ID: 161273
TarGATE16
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Answer Keys:
General Aptitude
1
10
Electronics and Communication Engineering

1
62.5
0.574
4.8
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
116.38
24
0.217
25
30
26
2.5
27
0.03
28
0.05
29
30
31
7.66
32
33
16.476
34
35
36
0.889
37
38
45.27
39
40
580
41
42
43
44
40.8
45
92.31
46
0.83
47
48
49
50
16
51
52
53
54
55
300.93
Explanations:General Aptitude
1.
The given analogy is a pair of synonyms; stygian and dark two are synonyms.
3.
Pallor means paleness or whiteness; a smoker has undernourished skin cells hence pallor
fits the bill.
4.
Required value 123 222 1728 484 1244
5.
6.
754
4136
24
754
24 288
64.3
Conclusion I is not followed in all statements. Conclusion II is in the form Only X are Y
which is always converted into All y are x- In this case, it converts to All eccentric are
stalwarts. This conclusion is incorrect as per all the statements. Conclusion III is incorrect
because as per the statements there is a relationship between doleful and whimsical.
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without the written permission.
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When there is a loss at 10% 160 = 90% of CP1.

CP1 177.37
When there is a profit of 10% 160 = 110% of CP2.
CP2 145.45
8.
Total C.P 177.77 145.45 323.23

Loss 3.23
9.
A team of 6 players has to selected from 10 players.

10c6 210
Now Captain can be selected from these 6 players in 6 ways
Total ways 210 6 1260
10.
ABC is a three digit number, so A cannot be O

A+B+C = 8
(1)
BA = BC-2 => A = C 2
(2)
Substituting in (1) we get C-2+B+C = 8 => B = 10-2C-----------(3)
For A > 0 and B >=0 gives that C = 3, 4, 5 with possible three digit numbers 143, 224, 305
Electronics and Communication Engineering
1.
By Z-transform
y(z) 1 z 1
X(z) 1 4z 1
z 1
z4
h(n) 4n u(n) (4)n 1 u(n 1)
So, It represents unstable IIR filter.
2.
lim
m
sin mx lim
sin mx
m m.
x
mx
As m , the side lobes become

infinitesimally closed to each other with their
amplitudes decaying to zero. At the same time
amplitude of principal lobe (i.e. m) increases
towards infinity. In the limit the function
approaches a dirac delta function with strength
equal
to
the
area
under
the
sin mx
sin mx
curve
which is
dx ,
x
x
m.
sin mx
mx
2
m
Hence mlim x
TarGATE16
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f x
f x x x dx 0
if a x 0 b
,
otherwise
3.
t2
e
t 2
d t2
e
dt
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t 2
2 t e t
t 2
4.
5
2
S Irm1 Z
5.
For a shorted transmission line ZL 0
42 32
4
e4
25
5 62.5VA
2
Hence, Reflection co-efficient,
ZL Zo
1 1180o
Z L Zo
J
Open-circuit voltage in solar-cell pn junction is given by, Voc Vt l n 1 L
JS
16m
26mV l n 1
12
4 10
0.5748V
6.
7.
Resolution means the weight of LSB which is obtained by making LSB = 1 and remaining all
input 0.
Rx
5V
16
R
1.5 x 5
16
16 1.5
Rx
4.8 k
5
V0
8.
QPSK exhibits the best trade-off between power and B.W requirement, QPSK is the mostly
widely used system in practice.
For M-array system i.e. M > 8, the power requirement is too large.
1 2
Array Factor 2cos 2 cos D 2cos 2 cos , in the horizontal plane, we get
2
minimas
2 cos , 3 or 75o , 41o , 104o ,138o

2
2
9.
10.
Each output of a decoder are minterm

Output of top OR gate contains minterm 0 and 1
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Output of middle OR gate contains minterms 0 and 4s 1

Output bottom OR gate contains minterm 1 and 4
Minterms of NAND gates is nothing but maxterm of AND gate

The AND combination of OR gates contains minterm 1 so the maxterms are 0, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, 7.
So F has minterm 0, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.
11.
Ex
lim
R xx if R xx has no periodic component
lim
25 1 62 25 5
12.
Since VB-VA = 6V, then 3A flow towards A.

Same 3A has to enter at point D, then by KCL current through 1 is 1A towards D
So VC-VD = 1V
13.
Characteristic polynomial of A
n 1 nc
Where n order of given matrix

c Common element
Required characteristic polynomial of
A 501 50.1 50 50 49
15.
The probability of A throwing

6
5
36
The probability of A not throwing 6 is = 1
5 31
36 36
Similarly, the probability of B throwing 7 is
6
36
The probability of B not throwing 7 = 1
6 30 5
36 36 6
Now A can win if he throws 6 is the first, third, fifth . Throws

Hence, the probability of A winning is
5 31 5 5 31 5 31 5 5
.
36 36 6 36 36 6 36 6 36
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2
3
5
30
5 31 5 31 5 31 5
1
1 . . .
31 5
36 36 36 36 6 36 6
36 1 . 61
36 36
16.
The given expression is a b c a c d b c d a d .
All AND gates are substituted by NAND gates.

So the above expression will be changed to
a b c a c d b c d a d
a b c a c d bc d a d
a b c a c bc a d
a b c b c c a c 1 d
ab c b a d
b a 1 a c d a b c d
17.
P 2sin x t
Case (i): Output 2 k sin x t

4sin x t
Case (ii): Output 4sin x t 2

8sin x t
It iterates upto to , so, closed loop system becomes unstable

18.
Given NC = NV
n NCe
E C E F /kT
N C ne
E C E F /kT
0.25
1015 e 0.0259
N C 1.56 1019 / cm3 N V

n i N C N V e
19.
yp =
E g /2kT
9.35 109 / cm3
1
1
1
e2x sin2x=
e2x sin2x= e2x
sin2x
2
D - 4D + 4
(D-2)
(D+2-2) 2
2
= e2x
20
1
e2x
sin2x
=
sin2x
D2
4
At point P let be X
Y(s)
x
(1)
s 1
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x R(s)
x
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x
x
x
s 1 s 1 s 1
s
R(s) (2)
s 1
From (1) & (2)
21.
TarGATE16
y(s) 1
R(s) s
We know that v is the harmonic conjugate of u

Where f z u iv is analytic.
u x 3 3xy2 , v ?
v
v
dx dy total derivative
x
y
u
u
dx dy Using C-R equations

y
x
dv
6xy dx 3x 2 3yz dy
6xydx 3x 2 dy 3y 2 dy
d 3x 2 y d y3
v 3x 2 y y3 k
v 3x 2 y y3 (Setting k = 0)
23.
AC Analysis
Vi
Vo
rd
R 1k
Vo
R
R
1k 3m
1 1
ID 1
116.38
Vi
rd
VT
26mV
24.
R r
22.5k
R e B || r0
||10k 217.91 0.21791k
101
1
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25.
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Voc
R eq
1
x
Voc
12
x 10 2
R e q x ||10 7.5
x 10
6x
7.5
30
x 10
x 10
50x
37.5
x 10
x 30
26.
It shows that M1 is in saturation

1 W
2
I k ' 1 VGS Vt 1 VDS
2 L1
Here VDS = VGS
When GS , second MOSFET also in saturation
1 W
2
i k ' 2 VGS Vt 1 VGS
2 L2
i
W2 L 2
I 4I
W1 L1
So, x VGS 2.5
27.
s t
h t
1
Matched filter
impulse response
Signal
Output of matched filter; y(t)
y t
2
Maximum slope
dy
3V / s
dt max
-1
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To avoid slope oerload noise, .f s

28.
TarGATE16
dy
3V / s
dt max
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;f s 10 103 H z
3
2
4
V
10
V
Granular
noise
watt 3 108 W 0.03 W

3
10 10
3
Since clock is periodic of period 1 sec, all the output variable in the circuit will also be
periodic of period 1 sec. So whatever output we get t =0.1 sec same output will get at t = 1.1,
2.1, 3.1 10.1 sec etc.
At t=0, the D flip-flop receives +ve edge clock, So Q=1, Q 0 and NMOS is off i.e. Open
ckt, So Capacitor will start charging by constant current source as long as its voltage reach
0.1V.
As we know
1 0.1
i c dt
c 0
1 0.1
1Adt
2f 0
1
(0.1) 0.05V
2
Vc
We can see Vc will be 0.1V at t = 0.2 sec, there afterward circuit condition changes, but
before that it will charge.
So, output at t = 0.1, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1. every where 0.05V.
29.
If any one input of NAND gate is O then irrespective of other inputs its output is one, taking
this fact let us concentrate at t=2n.sec.
At t = 2n.sec, we are making A = B = 0. So at t = 4 n.sec
X Y 1 t pq 2n sec
At t = 4n.sec, A=B=X=Y=1 so at t=6 n.sec, X=Y=0.

At t=6 n.sec, A B 2 and X Y 0 So at t = 8 n.sec. X = Y = 1.
At t=8 n.sec, (A B X Y 1), So at t = 10 n.sec. Again X = Y = 0, at t=9 sec, it will
have X=Y=1.
[ Note that because of same propagation delay the output X and Y never comes to a steady
state it keeps on fluctuating on [X=Y=0] and (X=Y=1). Such phenomenon is known as
critical race.]
30.
In thermal equilibrium EF = constant

E T
0,
_____ (1)
x
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1
E F E Fi
q
Electric field exits doping in nonuniform
1 E Fi
E
0 ___ 2
x q x
So, from (1) and (2) option A is correct
31.
x 16x c / cm3
Emax
1
8x 2
x
.dx
c1
At x w / 2, 0
8x 2 2w
8w 2
2w 2
c1 G

V / cm 'w ' in cm
2 2 104
2w 2
V / cm 7.66 MV / m
11.8 8.85 1014

2
E max
32.
f(x) = x x
f 1 (x) = 0
x x (1 lo g x) 0
1 lo g x 0
lo g e x = - 1
x = e-1
1
e
f 11 (x) = x x (1+logx).(1+logx) + x x .
1
1
x
1
1
1 1 e
1 1 e
f = 1+log 1+log +
e
e e
e e
0
11
1
at x = ,f(x)has minimum value
e
1
1 1 e
minimum value f
e e
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33.
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V1 3.6I1 0.6I2 ,V2 0.6I1 2.6I2 ; V2 0.5 3 1.5V,I 2 0.5 0 I 2 0.5A
1
1
1.5 0.6I1 2.6 I1 4.66A,V1 3.6 4.66 0.6 16.476V
2
2
34.
Let F z
i 2 2z z 1
2
i
z 2 2z 1
2
2 1 z 2 1
z 2 1and z 2 1 are two singular points of F(z)

Out of these singular points only z 2 1 lies inside c: |z| = 1
By Cauchys integral formula;
dz
i dz
C 2 2z z 2 1 i C z 2 1 z 2 1
i
C
1
i 2i
2 1
z 2 1
dz
2 1
1
at z
2 1
1
i 2i
2 2

2 1 2 1
35.
cosydx x 1 siny dy
x x xsiny y cosy dxdy(using green's theorem)

R
dxdy=Area of the circle x
y 2 =a 2
a 2
36.
1
E1
2
j
, 1 120 , 2
E2
j
j
2 200 106 4 107
45
61.7 106
5.059 103 45 Transmission co-efficient

t
22
2 5.059 103 45
2.684 105 45
1 2
377
10
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E 2 100 t 2.684 103 V / m

within silver medium, Propagation factor 2f 45
f 200 106 61.5 106 4 107 2203.59 102
Thickness of silver, d 5 m d 1.1018
E 3 E 2 e d 2.684 103 e 1.1018 0.889 103 V / m E 3 0.889 mV
37.
For the ray to total internal reflection, the incident ray must be less than maximum acceptance
angle,
m
m sin 1 r1 r 2 m 26.56o
Hence a 26.56o
38.
V = 30V at (1,0.5, 1)
The reference is not given as infinity
Vm
Q
C
40 R M
VM 30
R M 1.5 1 0.25 1
30
4 109
C
4 0 1.5
4 109
C
109
4
1.5
36
36
30
C
1.5
C6
30
Vp
39.
Q
C
40 R p
4 109
6
109
4
0.84
36
49
6 45.27V
0.84
(x 2 D 2 - 3xD + 4)y = 0
put x = e z =
d
dz
x 2 D 2 ( 1)
11
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xD
(-1) - 3 + 4) y = 0
( 2 - 4 + 4) y = 0
Auxillary equation is m 2 - 4m + 4 = 0
m = 2,2
e 2z , ze 2z are solutions
x 2 , x 2 lnx are solutions
1 ;
I 150
IO 150 e0.4/28.6210
150 273
40.
I IO e
41.
Z x 2n x 0 x 2 z 1 x 4 z 2 x 6 z 3 ......
V/ VT
I 25
IO 25 e0.4/28.6210
580
25 273

......
x z x 0 x 1 z x 2 z x 3 z x 4 z ....
x z x 0 x 1 z x 2 z x 3 z x 4 z ....
x z x z 2 x 0 x 2 z x 4 z .... 2z x 2n
x 0 x 2 z
x 4 z
1
1
x
2
z x 2n
x 6 z
z x z
12
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M2 f
42.
figure 1
figure 2
figure 3
figure 4
figure 5
1 M2 2f
0.5
1 0.5 0
1
M1 f
0
1
M1 2f
0.5
0.5
0
1
M1 2f 2
0.5 1 0.5 0 0.5 1
1.5
M2 2f M1 2f 2 M1 2f 2
figure 6
Adding figure 5 & 2
1.5 1 0.5 0 0.5 1
1.5
figure 7
[shifting figure 6 by
1.5 1
0.5 1
3.5 4
1.5
2.5left & as
well as right]
f
1
Final figure
[Adding figure 7 & 3]
4 3.5
1.5 1
1.5
3.5 4
13
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Figure 7 : M 2 2 f 2.5 M1 2 f 2.5 2 M1 2 f 2.5 2 M 2 2 f 2.5

M1 2 f 2.5 2 M1 2 f 2.5 2
M 2 2f 5 M1 2f 7 M1 2f 3 M 2 2f 5 M1 2f 7 M1 2f 3
M f M1 f M 2 2f 5 M 2 2f 5 M1 2f 7 M1 2f 7 M1 2f 3 M1 2f 3
t
t
t
m t m1 t m 2 cos5t m1 cos 7 t m1 cos3t
2
2
2
t
t
m1 t m 2 cos5t 2m1 cos5t cos 2t
2
2
43.
HCF(24,36) 12
LCM(5,7)
35
12
23
24 35
n1
n1
14
35
5
5 12
12 36
36 35
n2
15
35
7
7 12
44.
SQNR uniform
E X2
E X Q X
signal power
Quanization noise poster
E X2 2x
For uniform quantization noise position =
2
.
12
x P P 8x
L
L
n
Where R = 2
SQNR uniform
12
x 2
x 1
L 12
2
, L2
3 2 2 2h
L
8
16
18
SQN2 uniform dB 10log
3 3n
8
16
14
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6 7.2
6 8 7.2
40.8 dB
45.
4
n
ts
So from the plot we need to find and n
% overshoot =
Peak final
1.15 0.6
100
100 91.7%
final
0.6
12
0.917
Solving this for 0.0276
From the plot we cay say the damped frequency of oscillation

d 2f d
2
2
1.57
Difference between two peaks 6 2
d n 1 2
n
ts
46.
d
1 2
1.57 rad / sec
4
4
92.31
n 0.0276 1.57
Power factor of source = Cosine of angle between V1 and I cos

we can use parallelogram law
V3
V V V 2V2 V3 cos
2
1
2
2
V1
2
3
cos 0.45
V1 cos VR VRL V2 V3 cos
cos
V2 V3 cos 122 136 0.45
0.83
V1
220
V2
15
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iL t
47.
5T
4
3T
4
T
2
T
4
5T
4
This is described by option (B)
48.
n t = n c t cosc t + nS t sinc t ; where n c t and n s t are in phase and Quadrature phase
components. Power spectral density of c t and S t are identical. Both n c t and

n s t are low pass equivalent of band pass process.
x t
y t
SY S H Sx f
2
PSD of n t
N0
N0
2
105
100
95
95
100
105
kHz
PSD of n c t
3N0 / 2
N0
5 kHz
5 kHz
Power of n c t is area under PSD
2 5000 N 0
1
2
N0
2
5000 1.25 10 N 0
4
16
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49.
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x(n) cos n 2
N
It is periodic with period N, only N is even

2
x(n) cos n N
N
cos n 2 N 2n
N
If N is even
2
n N 2n n 2
N
N
2

So, cos n N cos n 2
N
50.
f x1 x 2 x 3
x1
x2
x3
x1 , x 2 will have to be produced by means of two inverter that needs four transistors.
Implementation of XOR needs eight transistors and that of NAND needs four transistors.
Hence, Total number of transistors = 16
51.
Y s
s
1
s 1 s 1
2
1 s 1
1 1
1
y t L1 Y s L1
sin t e t
4 2
2
2 1 s s 1
52.
Let us see a specific case where pole of the system transfer function is imaginary and
Y(s)
1 1
unrepeated such as
2 .
R(s) s 1 s
Now if we give a bounded input such that the poles of the input signal are same as poles
of system, then the output will have multiple poles on j axis; which leads to unbounded
signal y(t).
17
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Sint
1
s 1
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1
(s 2 1)2
So the conclusion is if the system transfer function have multiple poles on j axis it will
by default produce unbound response, however if the system has unrepeated poles on j
axis, if we give the input such that output contains multiple poles on j axis, then also
system is unstable.
If we expect for any kind of bounded input, output is always bounded then the condition
is all pole must should be in left half of S-plane with no pole on j or R.H. S-plane.
53.
By 2nd shifting theorem, we have

L[f (t a)u(t a)] e as .F(s)
L[4sin(t 3) u(t 3)] 4.e 3s .
54.
1
s 1
2
Mid band gain, Av g m R D || R L

To find gm. ID is needed
Equivalent circuit:
VG 3V
VT 0.8V
V
1
W
2
Now, n cox VGS VT S I D mA
2
L
1
1
2
800 103 3 VS 0.8 Vs
2
0.4 2.2 VS VS
2
VS2 4.4VS 2.22 2.5VS VS2 6.9VS 4.84 0 VS 0.79 V

I D 0.79 mA V0V VGS VT 3 0.79 0.8 1.41V
gm
2I D
8 10
1.12 mS A V 1.12
4.98V / V
V0V
8 10
Input capaci tan ce at high frequency,Cin 1 A V .Cgd Cgs 5 5.98 2 16.96 pF
18
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R in 10K || 200K 9.524K f H
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1
1
Hz 985.31KHz
2R in Cin 2 9.524 103 16.96 1012
Frequency of square wave 250 KHz

Square wave contains f 0 , 3f 0 , 5f 0 , 7f 0 ........ i.e. odd harmonics only
Hence the harmonics with frequency <985.31KHz will come to output.
output will be combination of 250 KHz, 750 KHz sinusoids only.
55.
During positive half cycle V0 Vf Vz2 0.6 7.4V 8V
During negative half cycle V0 Vf Vz1 0.6 8.4 V 9 V

When V0 8V
When V0 9 V
40
8 6.4 V
50
40
V 9 7.2 V
50
V0 = 8 V
Capacitor voltage
V 7.2 V Initial
7.2 8 7.2 1 e
V 8V final
Vc t Vi Vf Vi 1 e
RC
RC
t1
When t t1 , Vc t 6.4 V and then V0 switches to 9 V 6.4 7.2 8 7.2 1 e RC
t1 2.25RC This is the charging of capacitor. Diode Dis cut-off
V0 = 9 V
t
RC
Vc t Vi Vf Vi 1 e 2
Vi 6.4 V Initial
R
C
6.4 9 6.4 1 e 2 Vf 9 V Final
At t t 2 , Vc t 7.2 V and then V0 switches to 8V Hence

t
RC 2
7.2 6.4 9 6.4 1 e
This is the discharging of capacitor. Diode D is conducting. Hence

t 2 1.073RC
discharging resistance = R||R = R 2
1
1
Time period t1 t 2 3.323RC 3.323ms f
300 Hz.
T t1 t 2
19
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Note:
If capacitor C has initial voltage Vi and is charged by a voltage source of Vf then voltage
across C changes as per the following equation
R
Vf
Vc t Vi Vf Vi 1 e
RC
Vc t
20

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ECTest ID: 161273

Electronics and Communication Engineering

Required value 123 222 1728 484 1244

ECTest ID: 161273

When there is a loss at 10% 160 = 90% of CP1.

Total C.P 177.77 145.45 323.23

A team of 6 players has to selected from 10 players.

ABC is a three digit number, so A cannot be O

h(n) 4n u(n) (4)n 1 u(n 1)

So, It represents unstable IIR filter.

As m , the side lobes become

ECTest ID: 161273

For a shorted transmission line ZL 0

Hence, Reflection co-efficient,

2 cos , 3 or 75o , 41o , 104o ,138o

Each output of a decoder are minterm

ECTest ID: 161273

Output of middle OR gate contains minterms 0 and 4s 1

Minterms of NAND gates is nothing but maxterm of AND gate

R xx if R xx has no periodic component

Since VB-VA = 6V, then 3A flow towards A.

Where n order of given matrix

Required characteristic polynomial of

The probability of A throwing

The probability of A not throwing 6 is = 1

Similarly, the probability of B throwing 7 is

The probability of B not throwing 7 = 1

Now A can win if he throws 6 is the first, third, fifth . Throws

ECTest ID: 161273

The given expression is a b c a c d b c d a d .

All AND gates are substituted by NAND gates.

Case (i): Output 2 k sin x t

Case (ii): Output 4sin x t 2

It iterates upto to , so, closed loop system becomes unstable

N C 1.56 1019 / cm3 N V

9.35 109 / cm3

ECTest ID: 161273

From (1) & (2)

We know that v is the harmonic conjugate of u

dx dy Using C-R equations

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It shows that M1 is in saturation

So, x VGS 2.5

Output of matched filter; y(t)

ECTest ID: 161273

To avoid slope oerload noise, .f s

watt 3 108 W 0.03 W

At t = 4n.sec, A=B=X=Y=1 so at t=6 n.sec, X=Y=0.

In thermal equilibrium EF = constant

ECTest ID: 161273

11.8 8.85 1014

ECTest ID: 161273

V1 3.6I1 0.6I2 ,V2 0.6I1 2.6I2 ; V2 0.5 3 1.5V,I 2 0.5 0 I 2 0.5A

z 2 1and z 2 1 are two singular points of F(z)

x x xsiny y cosy dxdy(using green's theorem)

dxdy=Area of the circle x

5.059 103 45 Transmission co-efficient

ECTest ID: 161273

E 2 100 t 2.684 103 V / m

ECTest ID: 161273

ECTest ID: 161273

0.5 1 0.5 0 0.5 1

Adding figure 5 & 2