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Tutorial Problem (Rocket Height)
A rocket, initially at rest on the ground, accelerates straight upward with a constant acceleration of 32.2 m s2 . The rocket
accelerates for a period of 9.00 s before exhausting its fuel. The rocket continues its acent until its motion is halted by
gravity. The rocket then enters free fall. Find the maximum height, ymax , reached by the rocket. Ignore air resistance and
assume a constant acceleration due to gravity of 9.81 m s2 .
For consistency in labeling, let us define y s. During the first portion of the trip (first 9s), while the rocket is being propelled, vo = 0, a = 39.2 m s2 , yo = 0. Apply eqn. 12-5:
1
2
y = yo + vo t +
y1 = 0 + 0 +
1
2
a t2
H39.2L I92 M
y1 = 1587.6 m
Also, use eqn. 12-4 to calculate the velocity of the rocket at the time the fuel runs out:
v = vo + a t
v1 = 0 + 39.2 H9L
v1 = 352.9 m s
For the second portion of the trip, from the time the fuels runs out until the rocket reaches its maximum heigh (when v = 0),
yo = y1 = 1587.6 m, vo = v1 = 352.8 m s, v = 0, a = -9.81 m s2 . Apply eqn. 12-6:
v2 = vo 2 + 2 aHy - yo L
0 = 352.82 + 2 H-9.81L Hymax - 1587.6L
ymax = 7931.5 m > 7930 m
Problem 12.32
Ball A is thrown vertically upward from the top of a 25 m-high-building with an initial velocity of 7 m s. At the same
instant another ball, B, is thrown upward from the ground with an initial velocity of 19 m s.
a) Determine the height from the ground at which they pass each other.
Take the ground to be s = 0.
Ball A: so = 25 m, vo = 7 m s, a = -9.81 m s. Apply eqn. 12-5:
s = so + vo t +
sA = 25 + 7 t +
1
2
1
2
a t2
H-9.81L t2
s = so + vo t +
sA = 25 + 7 t +
1
2
1
2
a t2
H-9.81L t2
1
2
1
2
a t2
H-9.81L t2
1
2
H-9.81L t2 = 19 t +
1
2
H-9.81L t2
12 t = 25
t = 2.08 s
To obtain the height when the balls pass each other, plug t into the eqn. for sB :
s = sB = 19 H2.08L +
1
2
H-9.81L I2.082 M
s = 18.3 m
Problem 12.33
A motorcycle starts from rest at t = 0 and travels along a straight road with a constant acceleration of 6 ft s2 until it reaches
a speed of 50 ft s. Afterwards it maintains this speed. Also, when t = 0, a car located 6000 ft down the road is traveling
toward the motorcycle at a constant speed of 60 ft s.
s = so + vo t +
sm = 0 + 0 +
1
2
a t2
H6.0L I8.3332 M
sm = 208.3 m
Car:
s = so + vo t +
1
2
a t2
s = so + vo t +
1
2
a t2
1
2
a t2
sm2 = 208.3 + 50 t + 0
Car:
s = so + vo t +
1
2
a t2
sc2 = 5500 - 60 t + 0
When the vehicles pass each other sm2 = sc2 :
sm2 = sc2
208.3 + 50 t2 = 5500 - 60 t2
t2 = 48.11 s
Thus, from t = 0, the time when the vehicles pass each other is
t = t1 + t2
t = 8.333 + 48.11
t = 56.4 s
b) Determine the distance travelled by the motorcycle when they pass each other.
Plug t2 into the eqn. for sm2 :
sm2 = 208.3 + 50 t
sm2 = 208.3 + 50 H48.11L
sm2 = 2614 m > 2610 m
a) Find the sports cars maximum velocity, vmax , during the 10s interval depicted in the graph.
From the graph above we see that the cars maximum velocity occurs at t = 4 s and is roughly 55 m s.
vmax = 55 m s
v-vo
t-to
30
1
2
amax = 30 m s
1
2
1
2
a t2
H30L I12 M
s = so + vo t +
s1 = 0 + 0 +
1
2
1
2
a t2
H30L I12 M
s1 = 15 m
From t = 1 s t = 2 s, so = s1 = 15 m, vo = v1 = 30 m s, a = 20 m s2 . Apply eqn. 12-5:
1
a t2
2
1
s2 = 15 + 30 + 2 H20L I12 M
s = so + vo t +
s2 = 55 m
Problem 12.60
A motorcyclist starting from rest travels along a straight road and, for 10s, has an acceleration as shown below.
1 2
t .
6
1 2
t
6
t = v
v=
1 3
t
18
Now use eqn. 12-1 to obtain an expression for the motorcycles displacement:
v t = s
t
1 3
t
18
t = s
s=
1 4
t
72
After 6s:
s6 =
1
72
I64 M
s6 = 18 m
s6 =
1
72
I64 M
s6 = 18 m
and
v6 =
1
18
I63 M
v6 = 12 m s
For the next 4s the motor cycle has a constant acceleration, a = 6 m s2 . Apply eqn. 12-5:
s = s6 + v6 t +
1
2
a t2
1
2
s = 18 + 12 H4L +
H6L I42 M
s = 114 m
1 3
t
18
0.4
1.5
3.6
6.9
12.0
18.0
24.0
30.0
10
36.0