Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Short Communication
Cooling of a hot viscous glycerine liquid using water as coolant flowing through a half-coil jacket has
been studied experimentally in a batch stirred system
to investigate the individual as well as the overall
time-variant heat transfer coefficients.
In an indirect heat transfer system jackets or coils
are used for heating! cooling or temperature control of a chemical reaction. Coils are more suitable than jackets since coil geometry offers higher
heat transfer rates and ensure close temperature
control. There are some reports on heat transfer
in a limpet coil, also known as half-coil'". An
equation has been derived for heat transfer efficiency of a limpet coil comparing it with a jacketed vessel for both unsteady state I and steady
state! conditions. The present experiment has
been carried out using a half-coil jacket since the
data available in such a unit is little.
The experimental set-up and coil geometry
used in the present study are shown in Fig. 1,
while Table 1 shows the experimental conditions.
The experiments were conducted by varying the
AsbHtos
Coolant out
Thermocole
Insulation
Coolant
flow rate of the cooling water and the initial temperature of hot glycerine. The transient temperature data on the vessel (Th) as well as on the coil
side (~) are shown in Fig. 2.
Results and discussion-The temperature vs
time data for fixed time intervals obtained from
Fig. 2 have been used to calculate the corresponding logarithmic mean temperature difference, shown in Table 2. The individual and overall heat transfer coefficients have been calculated
from heat balances assuming negligible heat losses
from the vessel lid, bottom and side, uniform temperature throughout the bath inside the vessel,
steady flow of coolant throughout the experiment
and constant wall temperature throughout the
wall thickness. Heat balance on bath side gives:
dJ;,
- VPh Cph-=
hi Ai (~T
dt
... (1)
)In
~i)=hoAo(AT)ln
... (2)
:400 x 10 - 6 m3
1.67-6.00 m3/s
: 45-96C
: 0.0015 m
: 1.525 m
:
Thi
lid
If coil
Teflon stirrer
in
laD I"'1
Motor control
[-I
[-2 fl
[-)
Speed control
d .10414mm
T
P
L
Dc
Oi
Dc-aa-omm
OI~79-8mm
"
H~aO-Omm
l7
P"200mm
11
0
Coil geometry
[-8
Fig. 2-Experimental
306
1994
E-l
t. S
(~nn' C
t., C
h;,W/m2K
h", W/m2 K
Uoe, W/m2 K
120
240
58.9
53.0
47.7
204.l3
197.97
169.58
199.30
171.95
114.40
360
47.73
38.89
32.29
480
600
27.60
23.50
45.1
43.0
167.89
174.68
Table 3-Comparison
\04.02
143.36
111.85
89.20
76.55
64.34
87.57
De
Nllc
NlIp
435.00
221.48
0.914
1.294
77.40
125.64
1.582
0.873
1.223
1.624
E-4
E-5
89.62
126.55
156.03
\05.92
74.33
386.65
389.87
1.090
0.765
0.926
0.922
76.50
711.40
E-6
E-7
94.68
116.18
274.03
236.78
0.975
1.190
1.099
1.183
77.10
76.10
Expt. No.
U"c'
E-1
E-2
E-3
W/m2
difference
(~T)ln=(1h-
7;,)
7;,;)-(1h-
In (1h-
SEPTEMBER
in Eq. (2)
IS
% deviation
4.5
5.5
- 2.7
75.70
74.90
15.0
- 20.5
- 12.7
0.6
... (3)
7;,;)
1h-7;,
... (6)
...(7)
A:.
where
is the logarithmic mean area of the wall.
Table 2 shows the values of hi, ho and U oe- As the
present work involves batch heat transfer study,
the time-averaged experimental overall heat transfer coefficient, [Joe is calculated for each experiment as follows
M
I ,uoetJ (~t)J
-
J=1
... (8)
Uoe = ~M""----
ItJ(~t)J
... (4)
x;
In all the above calculations an equivalent diameter for coil side, D eq has been defined using hydraulic mean radius, rH as follows
o; = 4rH =
+(~) t,
o.n
J-1
'" (5)
Experimental
number as
(ll: 2)
... (9)
... (10)
307
SHORT COMMUNICATION
(%:t
Nomenclature
De=(De~cV)
... (11)
Ai
A'
Ao
= cross-sectional
The power for Dean number in Eq. (10) is obtained from a plot of NUe versus De. Table 3
shows the values of De, [Joe, NUe and Nup which
indicates that the experimental and predicted
Nusselt number are in good agreement with a
standard deviation of 0.104 and a variance of
0.0108. Moreover, the percentage deviation of
each experiment is reported in Table 3. The relative heat transfer efficiency of half-coil jacket
compared to jacketed vessel, E in the present
study is obtained' using the following equation'
E=!
3
(2+ tanhmLmL)
... (12)
where m2 = [Jol x;
The values of the efficiency, E (Eq. (12)) are reported in Table 3 with an average efficiency of
77%.
Conclusions-Cooling
of a viscous liquid has
been studied experimentally. The viscosity correction for inside heat transfer film coefficient has
been done using the calculated wall temperature.
The experimental Nusselt number is related to
Dean number as
Nu= 18.2 {De)-O.5
References
1 Biswas D K & Panthaki K M, Chem Age India, 28 (1977)
733.
2 Joshi M V, Process equipment design, 1st ed (The Macmillan Company of India Ltd, New Delhi), 1976,222.
3 Kneale M, Trans Inst Chem Eng, 47 (1969) 1279.
4 Marzi Maurizio, Ital Chem Process, 17(5) (1989) 43; Chem
Abstr,111 (1989) 156662p.
5 Pavlov K F, Rornankov P G & Noskov A A, Examples and
problems to the course of unit operations of chemical engineering(Mir Publishers, Moscow), 1979, 548, 571.