Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
PREQUISITIES:
1. Factorial Notation:
Let n be a positive integer. Then, factorial n, denoted n! is defined as:
n! = n(n - 1)(n - 2) ... 3.2.1.
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Examples:
a.
c
i.
We define 0! = 1.
ii.
4! = (4 x 3 x 2 x 1) = 24.
iii. 5! = (5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1) = 120.
2. Permutations:
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The different arrangements of a given number of things by taking some or all at a time,
are called permutations.
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Examples:
All permutations (or arrangements) made with the letters a, b, c by taking two at a
time are (ab, ba, ac, ca, bc, cb).
ii.
All permutations made with the letters a, b, c taking all at a time are:
( abc, acb, bac, bca, cab, cba)
3. Number of Permutations:
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i.
n!
( n r )!
Examples:
6
i.
P2 = (6 x 5) = 30.
7
ii.
P3 = (7 x 6 x 5) = 210.
iii. Cor. number of all permutations of n things, taken all at a time = n!.
4. An Important Result:
If there are n subjects of which p1 are alike of one kind; p2 are alike of another kind; p3
are alike of third kind and so on and pr are alike of rth kind,
such that (p1 + p2 + ... pr) = n.
Then, number of permutations of these n objects is =
n!
( p1!)( p 2 )!....( p r !)
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5. Combinations:
Each of the different groups or selections which can be formed by taking some or all of a
number of objects is called a combination.
Examples:
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a.
c
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5. Note that ab ba are two different permutations but they represent the same
combination.
Number of Combinations:
Note:
Cn = 1 and nC0 = 1.
Cr = nC(n - r)
.
i.
Cr =
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Examples:
i) 11C4 =
11 10 9 8
330
( 4 3 2 1)
16 15 14 16 15 14
560
3!
3 2 1
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SOLVED EXAMPLES:
1. From a group of 7 men and 6 women, five persons are to be selected to form a committee so
that at least 3 men are there on the committee. In how many ways can it be done?
A)564
B)645
C) 735
D) 756
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Answer: Option D
E) None of these
Explanation:
a.
c
We may have (3 men and 2 women) or (4 men and 1 woman) or (5 men only).
Required number of ways= (7C3 x 6C2) + (7C4 x 6C1) + (7C5)
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7 6 5 6 5 7 6 5 4 6 7 6 5 4 3
=
3 2 1 2 1 4 3 2 1 1 5 4 3 2 1
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=(35x15)+(35x6)+21
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=525+210+21
=756
2. When four fair dice are rolled simultaneously, in how many outcomes will at least one of the
diceshow3?
(1)155
(2)620
(3)671
(4) 625
Correct Answer - (3)
Solution:
When 4 dice are rolled simultaneously, there will be a total of 64 = 1296 outcomes.
The number of outcomes in which none of the 4 dice show 3 will be 54 = 625 outcomes.
Therefore, the number of outcomes in which at least one die will show 3 = 1296 625 = 671
3. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'CORPORATION' be arranged so that
the vowels always come together?
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A) 810
B) 1440
C) 2880
D) 50400
E)5760
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
In the word 'CORPORATION', we treat the vowels OOAIO as one letter.
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a.
c
Now, 5 vowels in which O occurs 3 times and the rest are different, can be arranged in
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ways.
5!
= 20
3!
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B)1050
Explanation:
D) 21400
E) None of these
Answer: Option C
C) 25200
A)210
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4. Out of 7 consonants and 4 vowels, how many words of 3 consonants and 2 vowels can be
formed?
3 2 1 2 1
= 210
Number of groups, each having 3 consonants and 2 vowels = 210.
Each group contains 5 letters.
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5. In how many ways can the letters of the word 'LEADER' be arranged?
B) 144
C) 360
D) 720
E) None of these
a.
c
A) 72
Answer: Option C
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Explanation:
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6!
360
(1! )(2! )(1! )(1! )
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The word 'LEADER' contains 6 letters, namely 1L, 2E, 1A, 1D and 1R.
6. In a group of 6 boys and 4 girls, four children are to be selected. In how many different ways
can they be selected such that at least one boy should be there?
B) 194
C) 205
D) 209
E) None of these
A) 159
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
We may have (1 boy and 3 girls) or (2 boys and 2 girls) or (3 boys and 1 girl) or (4 boys).
Required number of ways = (6C1 x 4C3) + (6C2 x 4C2) + (6C3 x 4C1) + (6C4)
= (6C1 x 4C1) + (6C2 x 4C2) + (6C3 x 4C1) + (6C2)
6 5 4 3 6 5 4
65
= ( 6 4)
2 1 2 1 3 2 1
2 1
= (24 + 90 + 80 + 15)
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= 209
7. How many 3-digit numbers can be formed from the digits 2, 3, 5, 6, 7 and 9, which are
divisible by 5 and none of the digits is repeated?
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20
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Answer: Option D
Explanation:
a.
c
Since each desired number is divisible by 5, so we must have 5 at the unit place. So, there is 1
way of doing it.
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The tens place can now be filled by any of the remaining 5 digits (2, 3, 6, 7, 9). So, there are 5
ways of filling the tens place.
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The hundreds place can now be filled by any of the remaining 4 digits. So, there are 4 ways of
filling it.
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B) 5040
A) 266
8. In how many ways a committee, consisting of 5 men and 6 women can be formed from 8 men
and 10 women?
C) 11760
D) 86400
E) None of these
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
3 2 1 4 3 2 1
=11760.
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9. A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls and 4 red balls. In how many ways can 3 balls be
drawn from the box, if at least one black ball is to be included in the draw?
A) 32
B) 48
C) 64
D) 96
E) None of these
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
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a.
c
6 5 3 2
= 3
6 1
2 1 2 1
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= (45 + 18 + 1)
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= 64
B) 48
C) 36
D) 60
E) 120
Explanation:
Answer: Option C
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A) 32
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10. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'DETAIL' be arranged in such a way
that the vowels occupy only the odd positions?
There are 6 letters in the given word, out of which there are 3 vowels and 3 consonants.
Let us mark these positions as under:
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Now, 3 vowels can be placed at any of the three places out 4, marked 1, 3, 5.
Number of ways of arranging the vowels = 3P3 = 3! = 6.
Also, the 3 consonants can be arranged at the remaining 3 positions.
Number of ways of these arrangements = 3P3 3! = 6.
Total number of ways = (6 x 6) = 36.
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11. In how many ways can a group of 5 men and 2 women be made out of a total of 7 men and 3
women?
A) 63
B) 90
C) 126
D) 45
E) 135
Explanation:
76
3 63
2 1
a.
c
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Answer: Option A
12. How many 4-letter words with or without meaning, can be formed out of the letters of the
word, 'LOGARITHMS', if repetition of letters is not allowed?
C) 5040
D) 2520
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B) 400
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A) 40
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Answer: Option C
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Explanation:
= 10P4
= (10 x 9 x 8 x 7)
= 5040
13. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'MATHEMATICS' be arranged so
that the vowels always come together?
A) 10080
B) 4989600
C) 120960
D) None of these
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
In the word 'MATHEMATICS', we treat the vowels AEAI as one letter.
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8!
= 10080
( 2! )( 2! )
4!
= 12.
2!
a.
c
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Now, AEAI has 4 letters in which A occurs 2 times and the rest are different.
B) 720
D) 2160
E) None of these
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Answer: Option B
Explanation:
C) 4320
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A) 120
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14. In how many different ways can the letters of the word 'OPTICAL' be arranged so that the
vowels always come together?
When the vowels OIA are always together, they can be supposed to form one letter.
Then, we have to arrange the letters PTCL (OIA).
Now, 5 letters can be arranged in 5! = 120 ways.
The vowels (OIA) can be arranged among themselves in 3! = 6 ways.
Required number of ways = (120 x 6) = 720.
15.How many alphabets need to be there in a language if one were to make 1 million distinct 3
digit initials using the alphabets of the language?
A) 26
B) 50
C) 100
D) 1000
Correct Answer - (C)
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Solution:
1 million distinct 3 digit initials are needed.
Let the number of required alphabets in the language be n.
Therefore, using n alphabets we can form n * n * n = n3 distinct 3 digit initials.
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Note distinct initials is different from initials where the digits are different.
For instance, AAA and BBB are acceptable combinations in the case of distinct initials while
they are not permitted when the digits of the initials need to be different.
a.
c
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Hence, the language needs to have a minimum of 100 alphabets to achieve the objective.
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EXERCISE PROBLEMS:
1. In how many different ways may a class 1 spelunker who has never explored any of the
eightcaves before set up a tour of three caves, if she wishes to explore caves Abbott and
Caesar?
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
(e) 6
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C3
(b) 7P3
(c) 3 7
(d) 7 3
a.
c
(a)
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3. Find the total number of distinct vehicle numbers that can be formed using two
letters followed by two numbers. Letters need to be distinct. TCS
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Ans:65000
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This question comes under permutations and combinations section. Out of 26 alphabets
two distinct letters can be chosen in 26p2 ways. Coming to numbers part, there are 10 ways
(any number from 0 to 9 can be chosen) to choose the first digit and similarly another 10
ways to choose the second digit. Hence there are totally 10X10 = 100 ways. Combined with
letters there are 6p2 X 100 ways = 65000 ways to choose vehicle numbers.
4. If the letters of the word SACHIN are arranged in all possible ways and these
wordsare written out as in dictionary, then the word SACHIN appears at serial
number
( a ) 601 ( b ) 600 ( c ) 603 ( d ) 602 [ AIEEE 2005 ]
Ans: a)
if the word started with the letter A then the remaining 5 positions can be filled in
5! Ways
If it started with S then the remaining position can be filled with A,C,H,I,N
alphabetical order as on dictionary
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The required word SACHIN can be obtained after the 5X5!=600 Ways
i.e. SACHIN is the 601th letter
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5. How many ways are here to arrange the letters in the word GARDEN with the
vowelsin alphabetical order ?
( a ) 120 ( b ) 240 ( c ) 360 (d ) 480 [ AIEEE 2004 ]
Ans : c
a.
c
6. If repetition of the digits is allowed, then the number of even natural numbers
havingthree digits is
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Ans: c)
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In a 3 digit number ones place can be filled in 5 different ways with (0,2,4,6,8)
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If n+1
7.
(a)3
(b)4
(c)5
( d ) 6 [ AIEEE 2002 ]
Ans: (c)
8. The number of arrangements of the letters of the word BANANA in which the two
Ns do not appear adjacently is
( a ) 40
( b ) 60
( c ) 80
( d ) 100 [ IIT 2002 ]
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Ans: (a)
9. Find the number of ways to arrange 4 people in groups of 3 at a time where order
matters?
B)24
C)24
D)30
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A)20
Answer:(B)
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a.
c
Explanation:
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There are 24 ways to arrange 4 items taken 3at a time when order matters.
B)720
D)420
Answer:(C)
Explanation:
C)360
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A)36
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10. Find the number of ways to arrange 6 items in groups of 4 at a time where order matters?
There are 360 ways to arrange 6 items taken 4 at a time when order matters.
11. Find the number of ways to take 4 people and place them in groups of 3 at a time where
order does not matter?
A)3
B)4
C)5
D)6
Answer:(B)
Explanation:
Since order does not matter, use the combination formula.
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There are 4 ways to arrange 4 items taken 3 at a time when order does not matter.
12. Find the number of ways to take 20 objects and arrange them in groups of 5 at
where order does not matter.?
A)15504
B)40515
C)51540
D)15405
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Answer : (A)
a time
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a.
c
Explanation:
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There are 15,504 ways to arrange 20 objects taken 5 at a time when order does not matter
B)19500
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A)19000
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13. How many ways are there to select a subcommittee of 7 members from among a
committee of 17?
D)19844
Answer : (C)
C)19448
Explanation:
Since it does not matter what order the committee members are chosen in, the
combination formula is used.
Committees are always a combination unless the problem states that someone like a
president has higher hierarchy over another person. If the committee is ordered, then it
is a permutation.
C(17,7)= 19,448
14. Determine the total number of five-card hands that can be drawn from a deck of 52 cards.
A)2598960
B)2596800
C)2986800
D)2598708
Answer : ( A)
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Explanation:
When a hand of cards is dealt, the order of the cards does not matter. If you are dealt
two kings, it does not matter if the two kings came with the first two cards or the last two
cards.
Thus cards are combinations. There are 52 cards in a deck and we want to
know how many different ways we can put them in groups of five at a time when order
does not matter. The combination formula is used.
C(52,5) = 2,598,960
A)6
B)5
a.
c
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15. Therefore there are 2,598,960 different ways to create a five-card hand from a deck of 52
cards. A school has scheduled three volleyball games, two soccer games, and four
basketball games. You have a ticket allowing you to attend three of the games. In how
many ways can you go to two basketball games and one of the other events?
C)30
D)11
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Answer : (C)
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Explanation :
Since order does not matter it is a combination.
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We want 2 basketball games and 1 other event. There are 5 choices left.
C(n,r)
B)24
C)42
D)54
Answer : (B)
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Explanation:
If a card hand that consists of four Queens and an Ace is rearranged, nothing has changed.
The hand still contains four Queens and an Ace. Thus, use the combination formula for
problems with cards.
We have 4 eights and 4 sevens.
We want 3 eights and 2 sevens.
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a.
c
Therefore there are 24 different ways in which to deal the desired hand.
B)1042
C)4012
D)8!
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A)1024
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17. Find the number of ways to draw a straight, (suit does not matter) beginning with a 4 and
ending with a 8?
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Answer : (A)
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Explanation:
There are 5 slots.
__ __ __ __ __ The first slot must be a four. There are 4 ways to put a four in the first slot.
There are 4 ways to put a five in the second slot, and there are 4 ways to put a six in the third
slot. etc.
(4)(4)(4)(4)(4) = 45 = 1024
Therefore there are 1024 different ways to produce the desired hand of cards.
18. A certain marathon had 50 people running for first prize, second, and third prize.
A) How many different possible outcomes are there for the first three runners to cross the
finish line?
Solution:
Order matters in a race, so use the permutation formula.
P(50,3) = 117,600
ways
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B) How many ways are there to correctly guess the first, second, and third place winners?
Solution:
There is 1 way to correctly guess who comes in first, second, and third. There is only one
set of first, second and third place winners. You must correctly guess these three people,
and there is only one way to do so.
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19. A local delivery company has three packages to deliver to three different homes.
if the packages are delivered at random to the three houses, how many ways are there
for at least one house to get the wrong package?
A)3
B)5
C)3!
D)5!
a.
c
Answer : (B)
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Solution:
The possible outcomes that satisfy the condition of "at least one house gets the wrong
package" are:
One house gets the wrong package or two houses get the wrong package or three houses get
the wrong package.
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We can calculate each of these cases and then add them together, or approach this problem
from a different angle.
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The only case which is left out of the condition is the case where no wrong packages are
delivered.
If we determine the total number of ways the three packages can be delivered and then
subtract the one case from it, the remainer will be the three cases above.
There is only one way for no wrong packages delivered to occur. This is the same as
everyone gets the right package. The first person must get the correct package and the second
person must get the correct package and the third person must get the correct package.
1*1*1 = 1
Determine the total number of ways the three packages can be delivered.
3*2*1 = 6
The number of ways at least one house gets the wrong package is:
6-1=5
Therefore there are 5 ways for at least one house to get the wrong package.
20. Write down all the permutations of xyz.
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B)4^2
C)2^4
D)8
Sol:4! = 1 2 3 4 = 24
B)
11!
2!*2!*2!
C.56
D.23
E.
11!
3!*2!*2!*2!
a.
c
A).59
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22. .How many different four letter words can be formed (the words need not be meaningful)
using the letters of the word "MEDITERRANEAN" such that the first letter is E and the
last letter is R?
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Explanatory Answer
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Therefore, one has to find two more letters from the remaining 11 letters.
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Of the 11 letters, there are 2 Ns, 2Es and 2As and one each of the remaining 5 letters.
The second and third positions can either have two different letters or have both the
letters to be the same.
Case 1: When the two letters are different. One has to choose two different letters from
the 8 available different choices. This can be done in 8 * 7 = 56 ways.
Case 2: When the two letters are same. There are 3 options - the three can be either Ns or
Es or As. Therefore, 3 ways.
Total number of possibilities = 56 + 3 = 59
23. In how many ways can the letters of the word ABACUS be rearranged such that the
vowels always appear together?
3!*3!
4!*3!
E.
2!
2!
4!*3!
The correct choice is (D) and the correct answer is
.
2!
A.
6!
2!
B)3!*3!
C)
4!
2!
D.
Explanatory Answer
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3!
ways as "a" appears twice.
2!
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Hence, the total number of rearrangements in which the vowels appear together are
4!*3!
2!
B)7C7
A. 7!
a.
c
24. .In how many ways can the letters of the word "PROBLEM" be rearranged to make 7
letter words such that none of the letters repeat?
C)77
D)49
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The first position can be filled using any of the 7 letters contained in PROBLEM.
The second position can be filled by the remaining 6 letters as the letters should not repeat.
The third position can be filled by the remaining 5 letters only and so on.
Therefore, the total number of ways of rearranging the 7 letter word = 7*6*5*4*3*2*1 = 7!
Ways.
25. How many lines can you draw using 3 non collinear (not in a single line) points A, B and
C on a plane?
A) 6
B)
C)
D)2
Solution:
You need two points to draw a line. The order is not important. Line AB is the same as line
BA. The problem is to select 2 points out of 3 to draw different lines. If we proceed as we did
with permutations, we get the following pairs of points to draw lines.
AB , AC
BA , BC
CA , CB
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There is a problem: line AB is the same as line BA, same for lines AC and CA and BC and
CB.
The lines are: AB, BC and AC ; 3 lines only.
So in fact we can draw 3 lines and not 6 and that's because in this problem the order of the
points A, B and C is not important.
(C)10P5
(D) 10C5
a.
c
(A)5^10
(B)10^5
Correct Answer - (A)
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26. How many ways can 10 letters be posted in 5 post boxes, if each of the post boxes can
take more than 10 letters?
Solution:
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So, the first letter has 5 options, so does the second letter and so on and so forth for all of the
10 letters.
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= 5 ^ 10.
27. How many number of times will the digit 7' be written when listing the integers from 1
to 1000?
(A)271
(B)300
(C)252
(D) 304
1. The numbers in which 7 occurs only once. e.g 7, 17, 78, 217, 743 etc
This means that 7 is one of the digits and the remaining two digits will be any of the other
9 digits (i.e 0 to 9 with the exception of 7)
You have 1*9*9 = 81 such numbers. However, 7 could appear as the first or the second
or the third digit. Therefore, there will be 3*81 = 243 numbers (1-digit, 2-digits and
3- digits) in which 7 will appear only once.
In each of these numbers, 7 is written once. Therefore, 243 times.
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2. The numbers in which 7 will appear twice. e.g 772 or 377 or 747 or 77
In these numbers, one of the digits is not 7 and it can be any of the 9 digits ( 0 to 9 with
the exception of 7).
There will be 9 such numbers. However, this digit which is not 7 can appear in the first or
m second or the third place. So there are 3 * 9 = 27 such numbers.
In each of these 27 numbers, the digit 7 is written twice. Therefore, 7 is written 54 times.
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3. The number in which 7 appears thrice - 777 - 1 number. 7 is written thrice in it.
a.
c
Therefore, the total number of times the digit 7 is written between 1 and 999 is
243 + 54 + 3 = 300
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28. . A team of 8 students goes on an excursion, in two cars, of which one can seat 5 and the
other only 4. In how many ways can they travel?
(A)9
(B)26
(C)126
(D) 3920
Correct Answer - (C)
Solution:
There are 8 students and the maximum capacity of the cars together is 9.
in
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Hence, in Case I: 8 students are divided into groups of 5 and 3 in 8C3 ways.
Similarly, in Case II: 8 students are divided into two groups of 4 and 4 in 8C4 ways.
Therefore, the total number of ways in which 8 students can travel is
8
C3 + 8C4 = 56 + 70 = 126.
29. What is the value of 1*1! + 2*2! + 3*3! + ............ n*n!,
where n! means n factorial or n(n-1)(n-2)...1
(A)n(n-1)(n-1)! (B)(n+1)!/(n(n-1))
Correct Answer - (D)
Solution:
(C)(n+1)!-n!
(D) (n + 1)! - 1!
..
n*n! = (n+1 - 1)*n! = (n+1)(n!) - n! = (n+1)! - n!
Summing up all these terms, we get (n+1)! - 1!
30. Eight first class and six second class petty officers are on the board of the 56 club. In
how many ways can the members elect, from the board, a president, a vice-president,
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a secretary, and a treasurer if the president and secretary must be first class petty officers
and the vice-president and treasurer must be second class petty officers?
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8!
8!
8 . 7 56
( 8 2 )!
6!
in
8 P2
a.
c
SOLUTION: Since two of the eight first class petty officers are to fill two different
offices, we write
6!
6!
6 . 5 30
( 6 2 )!
4!
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6 P2
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Then, two of the six second class petty officers are to fill two different offices; thus, we write
The principle of choice holds in this case; therefore, the members have
56.30 = 1,680ways to select the required office holders
31. A standard deck of playing cards has 13 spades. How many ways can these 13 spades be
arranged?
A)13x13
B) 13
C)
13!
D) (13+13)!
E)None of these
Solution:
The solution to this problem involves calculating a factorial. Since we want to know how 13
cards can be arranged, we need to compute the value for 13 factorial.
13! = (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13) = 6,227,020,800
32. A coach must choose five starters from a team of 12 players. How many different ways can
the coach choose the starters?
A) 789 B)
987
C)
791 D) 792 E)297
Answer:(D)
Solution:
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33. There are fourteen juniors and twenty-three seniors in the Service Club. The club is to send
four representatives to the State Conference. If the members of the club decide to send two
juniors and two seniors, how many different groupings are possible?
A) 23000 B) 22032 C)23023 D) 22022 E) None of these
Answer : (C)
Solution:
Choose 2 juniors and 2 seniors.
(B)18!*18
(C)19!*18
(D)2*18!
(E)2*17!*17!
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(A)2*17!
a.
c
34.There are 2 brothers among a group of 20 persons. In how many ways can the group be
arranged around a circle so that there is exactly one person between the two brothers?
in
.k
in
If arranging these 'n' objects clockwise or counter clockwise means one and the same, then the
number arrangements will be half that number.
( n 1)!
i.e., number of arrangements =
.
2
Let there be exactly one person between the two brothers as stated in the question.
If we consider the two brothers and the person in between the brothers as a block, then there will
17 others and this block of three people to be arranged around a circle.
The number of ways of arranging 18 objects around a circle is in 17! ways.
Now the brothers can be arranged on either side of the person who is in between the brothers in
2! ways.
The person who sits in between the two brothers could be any of the 18 in the group and can be
selected in 18 ways.
Therefore, the total number of ways 18 * 17! * 2 = 2 * 18!.
35. How many integers, greater than 999 but not greater than 4000, can be formed with the digits
0, 1, 2, 3 and 4, if repetition of digits is allowed?
24
SITAMS, Chittoor
(A)499
(B)500
(C)375
(D)376
(E)501
om
The largest number in the series is 4000, the only 4-digit number to start with 4.
The left most digit (thousands place) of each of the 4 digit numbers other than 4000 can take one
of the 3 values 1 or 2 or 3.
a.
c
The next 3 digits (hundreds, tens and units place) can take any of the 5 values 0 or 1
or 2 or 3 or 4.
di
.k
(A)20(B)30(C)25(D)600(E)480
in
in
36. In how many ways can 5 different toys be packed in 3 identical boxes such that no box is
empty, if any of the boxes may hold all of the toys?
Explanation:
If none of the boxes is to remain empty, then we can pack the toys in one of the following ways
a. 2, 2, 1
b. 3, 1, 1
5C 2 * 3C 2 10 * 3
15 ways
2
2
om
a.
c
di
37 . A key pad lock has 10 different digits, and a sequence of 5 different digits must be selected
for the lock to open. How many key pad combinations are possible?
A)24030
B) 30240
C) 30201
D) 12001 E)None of these
in
Solution:(B)
First we need to find n and r :
in
n is the number of digits we have to choose from. If n is 10 then there are 10 digits.
.k
r is the number of digits being used at a time. If r is 5,then there are 5 digits in the sequence.
Putting this into the permutation formula we get:
38 . How many necklaceof 12 beads each can be made from 18 beads of different colours?
A) B)
C) D)
E)
Ans. Here clock-wise and anti-clockwise arrangements are same.
18
Hence total number of circularpermutations:
P12/2x12 = 18!/(6 x 24)
39. In how many ways, can zero or more letters be selected form the letters AAAAA?
A)
B)
C) D)
E)
Ans. Number of ways of :
A) Selectingzero'A's= 1
26
SITAMS, Chittoor
a.
c
om
a)1260b)12000c)12600d)14800 e) 26800
Answer: (C )
soution:
Total # of alphabets = 10
so ways to arrange them = 10!
di
in
we have 4 Is 3 S and 2 Ps
in
.k
41. Goldenrod and No Hope are in a horse race with 6 contestants. How many different
arrangements of finishes are there if No Hope always finishes before Goldenrod and if all of
the horses finish the race?
(A) 720(B) 360(C) 120(D) 24(E) 21
Answer (B)
Solution:
two horses A and B, in a race of 6 horses... A has to finish before B
if A finishes 1... B could be in any of other 5 positions in 5 ways and other horses finish
in 4! Ways, so total ways 5*4!
if A finishes 2... B could be in any of the last 4 positions in 4 ways. But the other
positions could be filled in 4! ways, so the total ways 4*4!
if A finishes 3rd... B could be in any of last 3 positions in 3 ways, but the other positions
could be filled in 4! ways, so total ways 3*4!
if A finishes 4th... B could be in any of last 2 positions in 2 ways, but the other positions
could be filled in 4! ways, so total ways... 2 * 4!
if A finishes 5th .. B has to be 6th and the top 4 positions could be filled in 4! ways..
27
SITAMS, Chittoor
B)10
C)8
D)7
in
A) 35
in
di
a.
c
om
.k
Solution: A,
A triangle is formed by joining any three non-collinear points in pairs.
There are 7 non-collinear points
The number of triangles formed = 7C3
7 (7 1) (7 2)
=
3!
765
=
3 2 1
=7x5
= 35
44. How many diagonals can be drawn in a pentagon?
B) 5
B)10
C)8
D)7
Answer:(A)
Solution. A pentagon has 5 sides. We obtain the
diagonals by joining the vertices in pairs.
Total number of sides and diagonals
28
SITAMS, Chittoor
= 5C2
5 4
=
2 1
= 5 x 2 = 10
This includes its 5 sides also.
Diagonals = 10 5 = 5
Hence the number of diagonals = 10 5 = 5
om
4C2 x 8C4
in
Number of ways
di
But
Gentlemen
8
4
in
Ladies
4
2
a.
c
Answer:(D)
Explanation:
C)540
B)504
D)1170
A)126
.k
46) There are 6 bowlers and 9 batsmen in a cricket club. In how many ways can
a team of 11 be selected so that the team contains at least 4 bowlers?
Possibilities
1
2
3
Bowlers Batsmen
6
9
4
7
5
6
6
5
Number of ways
6C4 x 9C7
6C5 x 9C6
6C6 x 9C5
B)3
C)6
D)5
.k
in
in
di
a.
c
om
30
SITAMS, Chittoor
B)60
C)25
D)192
B)67
C)20
D)12
a.
c
A)65
om
2. There are five women and six men in a group. From this group a committee of 4 is to be
chosen. How many different ways can a committee be formed that contain at least three
women?
[
C)48
D)225
di
A)61
B)258
C)176
D)210
.k
A)301
in
in
4. In a local election, there are seven people running for three positions. The person that
has the most votes will be elected to the highest paying position. The person with the
second most votes will be elected to the second highest paying position, and likewise for
the third place winner. How many different outcomes can this election have?
5. How many different ways can a five-question true-false test can be answered?
B)28
C)76
D)26
A)32
6. How many ways can 10 people be placed in alphabetical order according to their first
names?
A)1
B)10
C)100
D)10!
7. How many different ways can the letters in the word "STORE" be arranged?
A)15
B)5
C)120
D)24
8. How many different ways are there to arrange the word SCHOOL?
A)455
B)53
C)487
D)360
9. How many words with or without meaning, can be formed by using all letters of the
word, DELHI, using each letter exactly once?
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SITAMS, Chittoor
A)10
B)25
C)60
D)120
10. Out of 7 consonants and 4 vowels, how many words of 3 consonants and 2 vowels can be
formed?
A)210
B)1050
C)25200
D)21400
B)5040
a.
c
A)2660
C)11760
D)86400
om
11. In how many ways a committee, consisting of 5 men and 6 women can be formed from 8
men and 10 women?
D)96
B)240
C)360
D)480
B)48
C)64
in
A)32
di
13. A box contains 2 white balls, 3 black balls and 4 red balls. In how many ways can 3 balls
be drawn from the box, if atleast one black ball is to be included in the draw?
]
B) 120
C)100
.k
A) 180
in
14. How many 3-digit numbers are possible using the digits 0, 1, 4,5, 7 and 9?
D) 140
A) 12
C)
21
D) 14
16. A class has 14 boys and 16 girls. The class has to elect one boy and one girl to be
representatives on a committee. How many different ways can they select them?
A) 114
B) 104
C) 224
A) 12
C)20
D) 212
17. How many arrangements of three types of flowers are there if there are 6 types to choose
from?
B) 18
D)
16
18. If a university student has to choose 2 science classes from 5 available science classes
and 3 other classes from a total of 7 other classes available, how many different groups of
classes are there?
A) 225
B)
350
C) 175
D) 348
A) 270
B)
720
C) 340
D) 625
20. A license plate has 3 letters and 3 digits in that order. A witnessto a hit and run accident
saw the first 2 letters and the last digit. If the letters and digits can be repeated, how many
license platesmust be checked by the police to find the culprit?
A) 1300
B) 1800
C) 2600
D) 2200
21. How many different ways can you have 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4thin a race with 10 runners?
B) 2800
C) 3684
D) 4840
om
A) 5040
A)
18
B) 20
a.
c
22. You select a president and vice-president from a group of 5students. Find the number of
possible outcomes?
C) 28
D)24
B) 360
C)
480
in
A) 259
di
23. You must select a committee of 3 from 12 students. How manydifferent committees can
be formed?
D) 720
C1=6
B)
C4=15
C)
.k
A)
in
24. How many triangles can you make using 6 non collinear points on a plane?
6
C6=1
D)
C3=20
B)
5!=120
C) 4!=24
D) 30
A) 5*5=25
25. In how many ways can you arrange 5 different books on a shelf?
7 P6 7 P5
.
7 P6 7 P5
B )2
C) 3
D) 6
27. How many different ways can 4 red, 3 blue, 4 yellow, and 2 green bulbs be arranged on
a string of Christmas tree lights with 13 sockets?
A)
900
B)
90
C) 90,90
D)
900,900
28. On each trip, a salesman visits 4 of the 12 cities in his territory. In how many different
ways can he schedule his route?
A)225
B)495
C)285
D) 197
]
33
SITAMS, Chittoor
29. How many permutations of 3 different digits are there, chosen from the ten digits 0 to 9
inclusive?
A)84
B)120
C)504
D)720
30. How many permutations of 4 different letters are there, chosen from the twenty six letters
of the alphabet?
A) 14,950
B) 23,751
C)358,800
D) 456,976
A) 426
B)456,976
C)14,950
om
31. A password consists of four different letters of the alphabet. How many different possible
passwords are there ?
D)358,800
A) 329
B)310
C)200
di
a.
c
32. Restaurant offers 5 choices of appetizer, 10 choices of main meal and 4 choices of
dessert. A customer can choose to eat just one course, or two different courses, or all
three courses. Assuming all choices are available, how many different possible meals
does the restaurant offer?
D)19
in
in
33. In a contest in which there are 8 participants, in how many ways can 5 distinct prizes be
Awarded?
A.) 112
B.) 6720
C.) 336
D.) 672
[ ]
.k
34. A club elects a president, vice-president, and secretary-treasurer. How many sets of
officers are possible if there are 15 members and any member can be elected to each
position? No person can hold more than one position.
A.) 2730
B.) 32,760
C.) 910
D.) 1365
[ ]
35. A church has 7 bells in its bell tower. Before each church service 5 bells are rung in
sequence. No bell is rung more than once. How many possible sequences are there?
A.) 2520
B.) 42
C.) 84
D) 21
36. How many arrangements can be made using 2 letters of the word HYPERBOLAS if no
letter is to be used more than once?
A.) 1,814,400 B.) 3,628,800 C.) 45
D.) 90
[ ]
37. A work softball team has 15 players on its roster. There are 9 distinct positions in which
these players can be placed. How many lineups can be fielded?
A.) 1,505,667,870 B.) 1,635,890 C.) 1,816,214,400
D.) 214,400 [ ]
38. From a group of 8 people, 5 will each win $1,000. How many different winning groups
are possible?
A.) 56
B.) 6720
C.) 168
D.) 336
]
34
SITAMS, Chittoor
39. Of a classroom filled with 20 students, 2 will be selected to stay after school and correct
homework for extra credit. How many combinations are possible?
A.) 190
B.) 210
C.) 63
D.) 40
A.) 250
B.) 15,890,700
om
40. To win the lottery, one must correctly select 6 numbers from a collection of 50 numbers
(one through 50). The order in which the selection is made does not matter. How many
different selections are possible?
C.) 300
D.) 13,983,816
A.) 150
B.) 250
C.) 3003
a.
c
41. A test is administered with 15 questions. Students are allowed to answer any ten. How
many choices of ten questions are there?
D.) 3000
A.) 116280
in
di
42. There are 20 people who work in an office together. Four of these people are selected to
go to the same conference together. How many such selections are possible?
B.) 4845
C.) 3003
D.) 80
B.) 80
C.) 3003
D.) 4845
A.) 116280
.k
in
43. There are 20 people who work in an office together. Four of these people are selected to
attend four different conferences. The first person selected will go to a conference in New
York, the second will go to Chicago, the third to San Franciso, and the fourth to Miami.
How many such selections are possible?
44. Serial numbers for a product are to be made using three letters (using any letter of the
alphabet) followed by two single-digit numbers. For example, JGR29 is one such serial
number. How many such serial numbers are possible if neither letters nor numbers can be
repeated
A.) 1,404,000 B.) 80
C.) 15690
D.) 117,000
45. A 7-card hand is chosen from a standard 52-card deck. How many of these will have four
spades and three hearts
A.) 1001
B.) 204,490
C.)29,446,560
D.) 117,000
A.) 60
B.) 204,490
C.)30,030
D.) 3014
47. In how many ways can a first prize, a second prize and four identical third prizes be
awarded to a group of 15 people?
A.) 60
B.) 150,150
C.)5005
D.) 3,603,600
A.) 210
B.) 150,150
C.)360
D.) 105
om
48. There are 10 students from whom 4 are going to be chosen to represent their school at a
conference. If Jack, Anna or Chris, but only one of them, must be chosen, in how many
ways can the students be chosen to go to the conference ?
[
B.) 80
C.)4845
D.) 105
in
A.) 116,280
di
a.
c
49. There are 20 people who work in an office together. Four of these people are selected to
attend four different conferences. The first person selected will go to a conference in New
York, the second will go to Chicago, the third to San Franciso, and the fourth to Miami.
How many such selections are possible ?
.k
in
50. If the letters of the word SACHIN are arranged in all possible ways and these words
are written out as in dictionary, then the word SACHIN appears at serial number
(B)
600
( C ) 603
( D ) 602
1
7
C
3
7
C
1
8
B
3
8
A
( A ) 601
ANSWERS
1
B
2
1
A
4
1
C
A
2
2
B
4
2
B
C
2
3
D
4
3
A
D
2
4
D
4
4
A
A
2
5
B
4
5
B
A
2
6
C
4
6
C
C
2
7
D
4
7
B
D
2
8
B
4
8
D
D
2
9
D
4
9
A
1
0
C
3
0
C
5
0
A
1
1
C
3
1
D
1
2
C
3
2
C
1
3
C
3
3
B
1
4
A
3
4
A
1
5
C
3
5
A
1
6
C
3
6
D
1
9
B
3
9
A
2
0
C
4
0
B
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SITAMS, Chittoor