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Using the newest web standards improves the quality of your web site.
Use HTML 5
Writing your pages to the latest HTML5 standard, brings you as close as possible
to perfection.
All HTML pages should contain a <!DOCTYPE> element to define which HTML
version it conforms to.
The DOCTYPE gives important information to your browser so it can render your
page faster and more consistently.
The DOCTYPE declaration also allows validating software to check the syntax of
your page:
<!DOCTYPE html>
With a separate CSS file you can change the style of HTML elements by
rewriting one line of code. If you have used CSS inside your pages, you will
have to edit all these pages.
Web Validation
A validator is a software program that can check your web pages against the
web standards.
When using a validator to check HTML and CSS documents, the validator
returns a list of errors found, according to your chosen standard.
Make sure you make it a habit to validate all your web pages before publishing.
<title>HTML Tutorial</title>
<title>XML Introduction</title>
Bad title examples:
<title>Introduction</title>
<title>Chapter 1</title>
<title>W3Schools has a collection of award winning, well organized, and easy to
understand HTML, CSS, JavaScript, XML, and SQL tutorials with lots of working
examples and source code. </title>
Heading Elements
The <h1> element is used to describe the main heading of a web page.
Because some web browsers display the <h1> element in a very large font by
default, some web developers will use the <h2> element instead of the <h1>
element for main headings. This will confuse most search engines and other
software that will try to "understand" the structure of the web page.
Use <h1> for main headings, and <h2> and <h3> for lower level headings.
Try to structure your headings after this template:
Main heading
Some initial text
Level 2 heading
This is some text. This is some text. This is some text.
Level 3 heading
This is some text. This is some text. This is some text.
If you don't like the default size for headers, use CSS to change it.
Character Sets
All W3C standards (since 1996) defines an internal character set called Unicode
(ISO 10646).
All modern web browsers are using this character set internally. Most
documents transmitted over the Internet do not use the Unicode character set.
Because of this, browsers and servers must have a way to agree about the
character set used in the communication between them.
Labeling each document with the proper character set, is important for the
quality of your web site.
For your HTML pages, always use the following meta element inside the <head>
element:
<meta charset="x">
Replace x with the character set you would like to use, like ISO-8859-1, UTF-8,
or UTF-16.
Date Formats
Don't use dates like "04-03-02".
The date above could mean the 2nd of March, 2004. It could also mean the 4th
of March, 2002. Or even the 3rd of April, 2002.
The International Standard Organization (ISO) has defined an international
format for dates as "yyyy-mm-dd", where yyyy is the year, mm is the month,
and dd is the day.
When you use this ISO format, you can expect most visitors to understand your
dates.