Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Group Members:
1) Chaitanya Patil
(13C)
2) Roopam Agarwal (41C)
3) Sameer Dubey
(44C)
Page | 1
Table of Contents
1. About Soybean .. 3
2. Varieties of Soybean . 3
3. Export-Import Statistics .. 6
3 a) FOB value for Export from Nhava Sheva Port . 6
3 b) FOB value for Export from Mundra Port . 6
3 c) Comparative Analysis ... 7
3 d) Top 5 Exporters of Soybean in terms of % 7
3 e) Top 5 Exporters of Soybean in terms of value 7
3 f) % Share in Indias total exports of Soybean over the years .. 8
3 g) Top importers of Soybean in year 2013 .. 8
3 h) Top 5 importers to China . 8
3 i) Indias Export to Top 5 countries by value . 9
3 j) Export Incentives for Export of Soybean from India 9
4. State Wise Production of Soybean In India for 2012-13 . 10
5. Sanitary and Phyto-Sanitary Standards 10
6. Marketing constraints and remedial measures 10
7. Institutional Facilities ...... 11
8. Export Analysis for ASEAN countries .. 14
9. ASEAN Countries Supply Demand Scenario 14
10. Competitive Analysis for Export in ASEAN countries based on tariffs .. 16
11. Recommendations . 17
Page | 2
About Soybean:
Soybean is also known as the Golden Bean of the 20 th century. Though Soybean is a legume crop it is widely
used as oilseed. Due to very poor cookability and digestibility on account of inherent presence of Trypsin
inhibitor, it cannot be used as a pulse. It is now the second largest oilseed after groundnut. It grows in varied
agro climatic conditions. It has emerged as one of the important commercial crops in many countries. Several
countries such as Japan, China, Philippines, Indonesia, European and Middle East countries are importing
Soybean to supplement their domestic requirement for human consumption and cattle feed.
Soybean has great potential as an exceptionally nutritive and very rich protein food. It can supply
the much needed protein to human diets, because it contains above 40 per cent protein of superior quality
and all the essential amino acids particularly glycine, tryptophan and lysine, similar to cows milk and
animal proteins. Soybean also contains about 20 per cent oil with an important fatty acid, lecithin and
Vitamin A and D. The 4 percent mineral salts of Soybeans are fairly rich in phosphorous and calcium.
Major Constituents of Soybean:
Contents
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Fibre
Lecithins
Saponins
Oil
Percentage
40
30
05
0.5
04
18-20
Varieties of Soybean:
State wise major Commercial varieties:
States
Madhya Pradesh
Maharashtra (North)
Maharashtra (South)
MACS-450, RKS 18
(Pratap Soya 2),
Rajasthan
JS 20-34, JS 93-05
Gujarat
JS 20-34, JS 93-05
Varieties
Medium (96-105 days)
JS 20-29, JS 335, Ahilya-4
(NRC 37), JS 97-52, RVS
2001-4, MAUS 81,
JS 20-29, JS 335, NRC 37,
JS 97-52, MAUS 158,
Phule Kalyani, MAUS 81,
MAUS 71
MACS-1188, Phule
Kalyani, Pratikar (MAUS
61), MAUS 71,
JS 20-29, JS 335, NRC 37,
JS 97-52, Pratap Soya 45
(RKS 45), RKS 24, MAUS
Karnataka
JS 93-05, DSb-1,
RKS 18 (Pratap Soya
2), MACS-450,
RKS 18 (Pratap Soya
2), LSb 1, MACS450,
Andhra Pradesh
MACS-1188, Pratikar
(MAUS 61)
MACS-1188, Pratikar
(MAUS 61)
Punjab
Uttar Pradesh
Haryana
Uttarakhand
Himachal Pradesh
North Eastern Zone
(Assam , Manipur,
Meghalaya, Arunachal
Pradesh, Tripura,
Sikkim, Jharkhand)
JS 97-52,
AGMARK Grade Standards for Soybean (Soybeans Grading and Marking Rules, 2012)
Designation
Extran
Organic
percent
by mass
(max.)
*Inorganic,
percent
by mass
(max.)
Split
cracked
seed %
by mass
(Max)
Immature
,
shriveled
and
green
seeds
percent
by mass
(max.)
Damaged
and
Weevilled
seeds
percent
by
mass
(max.)
Other
edible
seeds
percent
by
mass
(max.)
Moisture
,
percent
by
mass
(max.)
Oil
content,
percent
by
mass
on dry
basis
(Min.)
Colour of
extracted oil
on
lovibond
scale
expressed as
(Y+10R)
in 1/16
cell
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
Special
0.10
0.10
2.0
2.0
Nil
Nil
7.0
20.0
20.0
Standard
0.50
0.25
3.0
3.0
0.5
0.5
9.0
18.0
30.0
1.0
12.0
15.0
40.0
General
0.75
0.25
4.0
7.0
2.0
* Impurities of animal origin shall not exceed 0.10%.
Note. - The total of column (2) to (7) shall not exceed 11% in General grade.
Min. 46%
Oil
Max. 1.50%
Fiber
Max. 6%
Page | 4
Moisture
- Max. 12%
Sand/Silica
- Max. 2%
Urease Activity - 0.30 Unit Max. (Mg/N.G/Min) at 30 Degree Centigrade by EEC Method
Free from lumps & foreign material other than soya.
Maximum residue limits for pesticides as per Codex for Soybean (dry)
Sl .No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Pesticides
MRL ( Mg / Kg.)
MRL
0.05*
MRL
1
MRL
0.2
MRL
0.1
MRL
0.1
MRL
0.05*
MRL
0.2
MRL
0.05*
MRL
0.02
MRL
0.5
Azinphos-methyl
Carbaryl
Diquat
Fenitrothion
Paraquat
Parathion
Carbondazim
Fenamiphos
Methamyl
Acephate
Per Quintal in
INR
Per ton in
INR
Per ton in
USD
Indore (10-2-2-7)
Bhopal (10-2-2-7)
3418
3400
34180
34000
551.29
548.39
549.84
Average prices in MP of
(J.S.335) grade
Ujjain (J.S.335)
3564
35640
574.84
574.84
Average prices in Maharashtra
of (10-2-2-7) grade
Nagpur (10-2-2-7)
3400
34000
548.39
548.39
Average prices in Rajashthan of
(10-2-2-7) grade
Kota (10-2-2-7)
3295
32950
531.45
531.45
Average prices in Maharashtra
of Yellow grade
Latur (Yellow)
3385
33850
545.97
1 USD = 62 INR; Forex convertion
Source: CMIE.org
545.97
Page | 5
Export-Import Statistics:
FOB value for Export from Nhava Sheva Port:
Madhya Pradesh
Particulars
Maharashtra
Rajasthan
Maharashtr
a
Indore
(Grade 10-2-27)
Ujjain
(Grade J.S.335)
Nagpur
(Grade 10-22-7)
Kota (Grade
10-2-2-7)
Latur
(Yellow)
549.8
574.8
548.4
531.5
546.0
12096.5
12646.5
12064.5
11691.9
12011.3
Inland Haulage
Charges/Local transportation
121.0
129.0
137.1
145.2
74.2
165.5
165.5
165.5
165.5
165.5
102.2
102.2
102.2
102.2
102.2
13035.0
13618.0
13017.7
12636.3
12899.2
Remarks
A 20' container is
assumed to contain
22 tonnes of weight
This includes
documentation fee,
custom charges, bill
of lading (per
shipment),
attendance agency
(FCL), Fumigation
Indore
(Grade 102-2-7)
Ujjain
(Grade J.S.335)
Maharashtr
a
Nagpur
(Grade 10-22-7)
549.8
574.8
548.4
Madhya Pradesh
Particulars
Rajasthan
Maharashtra
Kota (Grade
10-2-2-7)
Latur
(Yellow)
531.5
546.0
12096.5
12646.5
12064.5
11691.9
12011.3
166.1
166.1
177.4
166.1
177.4
165.5
165.5
165.5
165.5
165.5
Terminal Handling
Charges
97.4
97.4
97.4
97.4
97.4
Remarks
A 20' container
is assumed to
contain 22
tonnes of
weight
This includes
documentation
fee, custom
charges, BoL
(per shipment),
attendance
agency (FCL),
Fumigation
Page | 6
13075.3
13650.3
13053.2
12652.4
12997.5
Page | 7
Comparative Analysis after doing calculations for FOB value for Export of Soybean:
Madhya Pradesh
Indore
(Grade 10-2-27)
592.5
594.3
Port
Maharashtra
Rajashthan
Maharashtra
Ujjain (Grade
- J.S.335)
Nagpur (Grade
10-2-2-7)
Latur (Yellow)
619.0
591.7
574.4
586.3
620.5
593.3
575.1
590.8
39.8%
USA
37.6%
Argentina
7.1%
Paraguay
4.4%
Canada
3.3%
Others
7.8%
3% 8%
Brazil
US A
4%
Argentina
7%
Paraguay
40%
Canada
Others
38%
Page | 8
Country
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Brazil
11424.28
11043
16327.29
17248.32
22810.05
USA
16475.85
18586.27
17563.87
24741.58
21494.19
Argentina
1675.49
4986.277
5457.164
3191.609
4089.403
Paraguay
787.159
1581.435
2286.44
1576.649
2509.104
Canada
964.975
1368.353
1444.046
2170.776
1893.191
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
13.1
3.7
2.1
0
0
81.1
28.8
43.9
6.4
0
0
20.9
16.2
38.2
3.7
0.3
0
41.6
15.3
23.9
8.8
7.4
4
40.6
46.6
18.4
11.7
6.2
3.9
13.2
2010
2011
Brazil
US A
Paraguay
Canada
2012
2013
Argentina
USA
Canada
Nepal
France
60.8%
Belgium
3.4%
Others
Mexico
Spain
3.3%
3.1%
Japan
Others
3.0%
26.4%
Page | 9
15000
Argentina
10000
Uruguay
5000
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Brazil
7350.347
8148.318
11790.24
14260.03
19132.07
USA
9333.095
11328.52
12578.64
15381.23
13290.2
Argentina
1649.645
4980.288
4329.313
3685.113
3658.625
Uruguay
320.706
601.356
807.526
1212.451
1391.579
Canada
131.226
34.627
219.068
401.958
498.198
Canada
0
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2010
2011
2012
2799 2199
3014
5094 39581
Canada
798 3357
7102
7932 15593
Nepal
450
491
688
2914
9910
55
2452
5254
1326
3308
21313 7640
18578
USA
France
Belgiu
m
World
2013
33243 84922
E x
p o rt
U
S
f o r
T
o
p
Ca n a d a
Co u n
t ri
e s
N
e pa l
F r
a nc
(B
y
Va l
ue
)
Be l g i u m
Page | 10
The Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures are an integral part of export trade as per agreement
made under GATT (General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs), 1994. As per provisions made under
this agreement, the standards framed should be such that the minimum level of protection required
by an importing country may be fulfilled.
The Soybean, which is rich in protein as well as fat is vulnerable to infestation by
insects, mites and if contains more moisture makes it prone to the infection by fungi.
Soybean should be dried to reduce its moisture content preferably below 9 percent
before packing. Soybean should be packed in clean, dry, sound single hessian bags.
In case, infestation occurs, fumigation should be done with Aluminum Phosphates,
at prescribed dosage. In no case, Methyl Bromide should be used, as the
commodity is rich in oil content. Regular inspection of stocks to check health of the
seed and regular prophylactic treatment should be provided with the approved
chemicals.
1) The co-operative agencies have done a commendable job in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar
Pradesh for marketing of Soybean. In other states, these agencies should also come forward to
improve the marketing system of Soybean.
2) The consumers and processors prefer yellow variety of Soybean for which a higher premium
prevails.
The cake obtained from yellow variety also gets a higher price. Therefore, the
development agencies must popularize high yielding yellow variety Soybean and discourage black
variety of Soybean.
3) At present, the Soybean meal/cake is exported outside the country. This cheap source of protein
can solve the problem of caloric malnutrition in the country. The existing Soybean solvent
extraction plants can produce Soybean fat for human consumption by installing additional
equipment and improving the hygienic conditions.
4) There is a good scope for small units manufacturing protein rich food products from Soybean.
Such agro-based industries may help the cultivators to improve their economic conditions and
provide protein rich Soybean products. Therefore, Government should encourage incentives for
soy based agro industries.
5) Soybean has not entered in to the general food habits of the common people of the country.
Therefore, there is strong need to launch consumer awareness program in order to popularize
various soy products.
6) There is lack of adequate scientific storage facilities in the villages. The present storage facilities
are available mainly in the urban areas. Farmers should build rural godowns under the centrally
sponsored Gramin Bhandaran Yojana availing subsidy and benefit from the scheme.
7) The grade specifications formulated by Directorate of Marketing and Inspection should be
popularized among the farmers, traders and processors. Grading at producers level should also be
encouraged.
Page | 12
8) There is no proper and adequate market intelligence system for Soybean in the states as in
Madhya Pradesh where I.T.C. (Indian Tobacco Company) has established its I.T. (Information
Technology) based market intelligence system and succeeded in revolutionizing ecommerce as a pioneering effort to set an example for others.
Page | 13
Marketing
Page | 14
Eligibility
All the categories of
farmers i.e., small /
marginal / others are
eligible.
All types of agricultural
clients having good track
record for last two years are
eligible.
2013
Facility
This type of loan is given upto Rs. 1 lakh against
pledge /hypothecation of agricultural produce
(including warehouse receipts) for a period not
exceeding 6 months.
Kissan credit card is valid for 3 years through
which the barrower / farmer meet his production
and other contingency needs by using easy
convenient withdrawal slips.
The minimum
credit limit is Rs.3000/- and is based on
operational landholding, cropping pattern and
scale of finance.
Provide credit for construction of godowns, agribusiness, contract farming, agro processing etc.
2014
Change
Quantity
7.82
7.94
0.12
1.53
Beginning stock
1.06
1.01
-0.05
-4.72
Production
1.44
1.46
0.02
1.39
Import
5.32
5.47
0.15
2.82
7.82
7.94
0.12
1.53
Domestic utilization
6.67
6.80
0.13
1.95
Export
0.15
0.15
0.00
0.00
Ending stock
1.01
0.99
-0.02
-1.98
21.58
21.48
-0.10
15.97
14.79
-1.18
Increase in domestic consumption has caused import in ASEAN countries to increase by about 2.82%
Supply
Demand
ASEAN
Total
Domestic Exports
Utilization
7,936,38
0
6,802,649 147,540
Ending
stock
Total
986,191 7,936,380
Brunei
n.a
604
604
604
n.a.
604
Cambodia
842
140,000
140,842
29,576
110,281
985
140,842
2,718,91
2
2,045,248
Indonesia
690,190
822,385
1,206,337
Lao PDR
6,772
23,000
10
29,782
17,786
4980
7,016
Malaysia
600000
600,000
580,000
20,000
600000
Myanmar
239,075
239,075
238,775
300
239,075
Philippines
n.a
639
60,000
60,639
60,639
n.a.
n.a.
60,639
Singapore
20,000
20,000
20,000
20,000
Thailand
Vietnam
159,751
148,381
70,220
165,940
8,683
664,981 2,718,912
29,782
2,257,800
2,487,77
1
2,322,428
2,000
163,343 2,487,771
1,324,433
1,638,75
4
1,487,593
1296
149,865 1,638,754
ASEAN countries majorly imports from the world. Indonesia is major producer followed by Malaysia, Myanmar
and Vietnam. Major imports are Indonesia, Thailand and Vietnam.
Imports merely 23,000 tons from ASEAN countries, rest it imports 98% of importing quantity from outside
ASEAN countries in 2013. Majorly Non-GM soya.
Page | 16
Malaysia
Majorly, 99% of imports from outside ASEAN countries in 2013. Majorly Non-GM soya.
Major importers are US, Brazil, Canada, Paraguay and Argentina.
Philippines
Majorly, 99% of imports from outside ASEAN countries in 2013. Majorly Non-GM soya.
US and Canada have captured market by more than 85% of total import.
Singapore
Majorly, 99% of imports from outside ASEAN countries in 2013. Majorly Non-GM soya.
Canada has captured market by more than 78% of total import.
Thailand
Majorly, 99% of imports from outside ASEAN countries in 2013. Majorly Non-GM soya.
Brazil has captured market by more than 65% of total import, followed by US.
Vietnam
Majorly, 99% of imports from outside ASEAN countries in 2013. Majorly Non-GM soya.
US and Brazil have equal share of 43% each of total import.
Sources: TradeMap ITC WTO| ASEAN Agricultural Commodity Outlook
:page no. 54-61, December 2013| Indonesia- US import
Philippines
Viet Nam
Malaysia
Singapore
Advantage country
120100
1% tariff
0% tariff
0% tariff
0% tariff
120190
1% tariff
0% tariff
0% tariff
0% tariff
120810
2.84% tariff
8% tariff
0% tariff
0% tariff
Malaysia, Singapore
Page | 17
230400
1% tariff
0% tariff
0% tariff
649000
600000
1000
500000
800
400000
972
672
703
711
Philippines
Viet Nam
Malaysia
600
400
300000
192000
200000
200
96000
100000
0
0% tariff
Philippines
Viet Nam
Malaysia
70000
Singapore
0
Singapore
value/ton (USD)
India signed FTA agreement with ASEAN in 2007. The decision had been taken to lower down import tariffs gradually.
However, Indias soybean export has not been benefited much.
Recommendations:
-
Page | 18