SCOOTER MOTERCYCLE

SERVICING

2011-2012
GEARBOX & TRANSMISSION
SYSTEM
PROJECT BYSUYASH LIMAYE
PRANAV JOSHI
MIHIR KULKARNI
VIBAS GEJJI

Transmission (mechanics)

5-speed gearbox + reverse, the 1600 Volkswagen

Golf (2009).
A machine consists of a power source and a power transmission
system, which provides controlled application of the power.
Merriam-Webster defines transmission as: an assembly of parts
including the speed-changing gears and the propeller shaft by
which the power is transmitted from an engine to a live axle. [1]
Often transmission refers simply to the gearbox that uses gears
and gear trains to provide speed and torque conversions from a
rotating power source to another device.[2][3]
In British English the term transmission refers to the whole drive
train, including gearbox, clutch, prop shaft (for rear-wheel
drive), differential and final drive shafts. In American English,
however, the distinction is made that a gearbox is any device
which converts speed and torque, whereas a transmission is a
type of gearbox that can be "shifted" to dynamically change the
speed:torque ratio, such as in a vehicle.
The most common use is in motor vehicles, where the
transmission adapts the output of the internal combustion engine
to the drive wheels. Such engines need to operate at a relatively

high rotational speed, which is inappropriate for starting,

stopping, and slower travel. The transmission reduces the higher
engine speed to the slower wheel speed, increasing torque in the
process. Transmissions are also used on pedal bicycles, fixed
machines, and anywhere else rotational speed and torque needs
to be adapted.
Often, a transmission will have multiple gear ratios (or simply
"gears"), with the ability to switch between them as speed
varies. This switching may be done manually (by the operator),
or automatically. Directional (forward and reverse) control may
also be provided. Single-ratio transmissions also exist, which
simply change the speed and torque (and sometimes direction)
of motor output.
In motor vehicle applications, the transmission will generally be
connected to the crankshaft of the engine. The output of the
transmission is transmitted via driveshaft to one or more
differentials, which in turn drive the wheels. While a differential
may also provide gear reduction, its primary purpose is to permit
the wheels at either end of an axle to rotate at different speeds
(essential to avoid wheel slippage on turns) as it changes the
direction of rotation.
Conventional gear/belt transmissions are not the only
mechanism for speed/torque adaptation. Alternative mechanisms
include torque converters and power transformation (e.g., dieselelectric transmission, hydraulic drive system, etc.). Hybrid
configurations also exist.

There are four types of gear boxes :

1. CRASH MESH OR SLIDING MESH GEAR BOX

2. CONSTANT MESH GEAR BOX
3. SYNCHRO MESH GEAR BOX
4. PLANETARY GEAR BOX

SLIDING MESH GEAR BOX

1. main drive gear

2. counter shaft
3. main shaft
4. I gear
5. II gear
6. III gear
7. top speed engaging dogs
GearBox

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Definition
A transmission or gearbox provides speed and torque

conversions from a rotating power source to another

device using gear ratios. The most common use is in
motor vehicles, where the transmission adapts the output
of the internal combustion engine to the drive wheels.
Such engines need to operate at a relatively high
rotational speed, which is inappropriate for starting,
stopping, and slower travel. The transmission reduces the
higher engine speed to the slower wheel speed, increasing
torque in the process. Transmissions are also used on
pedal bicycles, fixed machines, and anywhere else
rotational speed and torque needs to be adapted.
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Gearbox Animation Images

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Definition
A drive shaft, driving shaft, propeller shaft, or Cardan
shaft is a mechanical component for transmitting torque
and rotation, usually used to connect other components of
a drive train that cannot be connected directly because of
distance or the need to allow for relative movement
between them.
Drive shafts are carriers of torque: they are subject to
torsion and shear stress, equivalent to the difference
between the input torque and the load. They must
therefore be strong enough to bear the stress, whilst
avoiding too much additional weight as that would in turn
increase their inertia.

Fig(Propeller Shaft)
Definition
An axle is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. In
some cases the axle may be fixed in position with a
bearing or bushing sitting inside the hole in the wheel or
gear to allow the wheel or gear to rotate around the axle.
In other cases the wheel or gear may be fixed to the axle,
with bearings or bushings provided at the mounting points
where the axle is supported. Sometimes, especially on
bicycles, the latter type is referred to as a spindle.

Fig(Axle)

Fig(Gear Boxes)