Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Part 1
Introduction
Used to model data processing in the system
DFM consists of
Client
End-user
Developer
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Example
Presenting
different parts
at appropriate
levels of details
for different
stakeholders
DFD
Illustrates
Components
External Entities
Data Flows
Processes
Data Stores
External Entity
Represents people, organizations or other systems
external to the system under investigation
Acts as a source or a recipient of data
Name should refer to a generic type, not to an instance
of that type
Example
Customer
Data Flows
Show flows of data to, from and within the system
Link other components in a DFD
Could be one-way or two-way
Represented with solid arrows
Between two external components are shown by
dashed arrows
Intersections should be avoided
Example
customer details
Context Diagram
A DFD with the highest level of abstraction
Represents the entire system as a single process
Shows how system interacts with its external entities
Provides an over-view of the system
How to Draw
Customer
Site Supervisor
Management
Source (S) or
Recipient (R)
Data Flow
package enquiry
package details
customer details
payment details
payment receipt
booking-note
daily-collection summary
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Process
Represents business activities carried out in the system
Three properties
Id
Name
Location
Cashier
Handle Payments
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Data Store
Used to hold data within the system
Four types
Manual - M
Computerized - D
Temporary - T
Manual Temporary - T(M)
Three properties
Id
Type
Name
M3
Payment
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Rules
Originate data
Be dead ends
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Papers
Conversations
Data passed between computers
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How to draw
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Document
new site information
Recipient
Reservation Clerk
Sales Desk
Customer
package enquiry
Sales Desk
Sales Desk
package details
Customer
Customer
customer details
Sales Desk
Sales Desk
pending reservation
Cashier
Customer
payment details
Cashier
Cashier
payment receipt
Customer
Cashier
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Document
Recipient
Cashier
Reservation Clerk
Sales Desk
Reservation Clerk
Sales Desk
Site Supervisor
Customer
payment receipt
Site Supervisor
Management
Reservation Clerk
Sales Desk
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Transforming to L1 DFD
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Context Diagram
Level 1 DFD
Level 2, 3,
Provide a way to go into more details successively
Enable the top down approach
Must be consistent with the parent DFD
Typically limited to 4 - 6 processes
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Rules on Decomposition
Id and Name of the higher level process should
become the Id and Location of the lower level DFD
Data Sources and Recipients of the higher level process
should remain outside the boundary of the lower level
DFD
If higher level process N is decomposed,
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Elementary Process
A process that doesnt need any further decomposition
Associates a textual description known as Elementary
Process Description (EPD)
EPD
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Questions
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