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PLUMBING MATERIALS
TYPES OF PIPE

There are numerous kind of materials available for plumbing installation

but so far, the most popular and commonly used are:
CAST IRON PIPE
Most popular and generally specified material for drainage
system in buildings (less than 25 storey high)
It is affected by corrosion caused by the action of carbon
dioxide, sulfur oxide and methane gases

ASBESTOS PIPE
It is made of asbestos fibers and Portland cement.
It could be used as soil, waste, ventilation and downspout.
This kind of pipe is remarkably superior for embedment in
concrete structure for having the same material properties.

BITUMINOUS FIBER (ORANGEBURG) SEWER

PIPE
The cheapest among sewer pipes.
It is sometimes recommended for house sewer and for septic
tank installation.

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VITRIFIED CLAY PIPE

One of the oldest materials used for sewer lines.
It is made out from clay.
It is highly resistant to most acid wastes. It is a durable material for
underground installations like public sewer, house sewer or storm
drain.

LEAD PIPE
One of the oldest plumbing materials used by the Egyptians, the Greeks and
the Roman builders as soil and waste pipe.
Lead is highly resistant to acid and is suitable for underground installation.
But because lead is poisonous and injuries to human health, it is never used
to convey water for human consumptions.

GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE

It is made out from mild steel.
This type of pipe is easily corroded by alkaline and acid
water.
It deteriorate faster when used as hot water supply line.

GALVANIZED WROUGHT IRON PIPE

It is better in quality than the steel pipe for plumbing
installation.
Tests showed that wrought iron pipe is more resistant to
acid waste than the steel pipe.

BRASS PIPE
One of the most expensive types of pipe.
It is made of an alloy or zinc and copper mixed at 15% and 85% proportion
respectively.
Because of its smooth interior surface and high resistance to acid, it become a
superior material for waste and water supply installations.

COPPER PIPE
It is durable and extremely corrosive resistant material.
It is easy to install compared with other types of pipe.
Useful for cold and hot water supply lines.

PLASTIC OR SYNTHETIC PIPE

A new concept in the field of plumbing.
It was introduced in the Philippines at the early part of 70s,
although this type of materials was developed in Germany in the
mid year of 1935.
It is superior as sewer and cold water pipe line.

STAINLESS STEEL PIPE

Stainless steel is an alloy of Iron with a minimum of 10.5%
Chromium.
It is used for water and sewage treatment, water tubing,
hot water tanks.

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Not all of these materials enumerated however, will

be used in one plumbing system installation. The
choice of the kind of pipe to be installed, depends upon
the following considerations:
1. Quality and durability
2. Resistance to external and internal contact with
foreign matters.
3. Resistance to acid waste and other chemical
elements that will pass into it.
4. Cost of materials and labor.

CAST IRON PIPE

Cast Iron Pipes are of Two Types:

The SV Type which is generally used for building installations and,

The XV Type classified as extra duty pipe used for underground

installations.

Cast Iron Pipes has Four Varieties:

Standard Pipe

Single Hub Pipe

Double Hub Pipe

Hubless Pipe

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ACID RESISTANT CAST IRON PIPE

Made from alloy of cast
iron and silicon. It is widely
used in chemical laboratories,
industries
and
other
installations where acid wastes
are being discharge. Basically,
this type of pipe is brittle in
character
and
requires
stronger support for each pipe
installed
horizontally
to
prevent sagging of joints.

COPPER PIPE
Copper pipe is classified into three types, depending upon its
wall thickness.

The K type is the heaviest. It is suitable for underground

installation.

The L type is lighter than the K type available in both rigid and
flexible form. It is commonly used in residential water supply
line and for radiant heating installations.

The type M is the thinnest and available only in a rigid form. It

is specially designed for small water supply lines and for
radiant heating installations.

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PLASTIC OR SYNTHETIC PIPE

Types of Plastic/Synthetic Pipes

The Rigid Type

The Flexible Type

The Rigid Type of Plastic Pipes are:

The Flexible types are:

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

The Polyethylene (PE)

Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC)

The Polybutylene (PB)

Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (uPVC)

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS)

Polypropylene (PP)

Styrene Rubber Plastic (SR)