GENERAL OBJECTIVE:At the end of the seminar, the

group must be able to gain knowledge about nurse practitioner,

nurse educator, nurse specialist and nurse clinician and improve
skills.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:At the end of the seminar, the group will be able to:- Define the nurse educator, nurse practitioner and nurse
clinician.
- Explain the role of nurse educator, nurse practitioner and
nurse clinician.
- Enumerate functions of nurse practitioner and nurse
clinician.
- Conclude the topic.

NURSE EDUCATOR
INTRODUCTION:Educations in health care today
both patient education and nursing staff or student education is
atopic of almost interest in every setting in which nurse practice.
It is necessary for nurses in the role of educators to understand
the forces both historical and present day that have influenced
and continue to influence their responsibilities in nursing
practice with teaching being a major aspect of the nurses
professional role.

HISTORICAL FOUNDATION FOR THE TEACHING

ROLE OF NURSES:The role of the nurse as educator is deeply entrenched
in the heritage and development of the profession. Since the mid
1880s , when nursing was first acknowledged as a unique
discipline , the responsibility for teaching has been recognized as
an important health care initiative assumed by nurses was not
only on the care of the sick but also on educating other nurses
for professional practice.
Florenence nightingle, the founder of modern
nursing, was the ultimate educator. Not only did she develop the
first school of nursing but she also devoted a large portion of her
career to educating those involved in the delivery of health care.
Nightingle taught about the importance of proper conditioning in
hospitals and homes to assist patients in maintaining adequate
nutrition, fresh air, exercise and personal hygiene to improve
their well being.

By the early 1900s, public health nurse in this

country clearly understood the significance of education in the
prevention of disease and in the maintenance of health.
As early as 1918 , the national league of
nursing education in the united states observed the importance
of health teaching as a function with in the scope of nursing
practice.
By 1950, the NLNE (national league of nursing
education) had identified course content dealing with teaching
skills developmental and educational psychology and principles
of the educational process of teaching and learning as areas in
the curriculum common to all nursing schools. The implication
was that nurses were to be prepared upon graduation from their
basic nursing program to assume the role as teacher of others.
The ANA has for years promulgated statements
on the functions, standards and qualification for nursing practice
of which patient teaching is an integral aspect. State nurse
practice acts (NPAs) universally include teaching with in the
scope of nursing practice responsibilities. Nurses are expected to
provide instruction to client to reach optimal level of wellness ,
prevent disease , manage illness and develop skills to give
supportive care to family members.
Also, the role of the todays
educator is one of training the trainer that is preparing nursing
staff through continuing education, inservice programs and staff
development to maintain and improve their clinical skills and
teaching abilities.

PURPOSE OF PATIENT AND STAFF EDUCATION :-

- To increase the competence and confidence of the clients

for self management.
- To support patients through the transition from being
dependent recipients to being involved participation.
- To prepare patients and their family for self care.
- To improve quality of life.

EDUCATION PROCESS:The education process is a systematic sequential

planned course of action consisting of two major interdependent
operations , teaching and learning. This process forms a
continuous cycle that also involves two interdependent players,
the teacher and the learner. Together they jointly perform
teaching and learning activities.

ROLE OF NURSE AS EDUCATOR:Teaching has been as an essential component

of nursing practice in caring for both well and ill clients.
1. The role of educator is not primarily to teach but to promote
and provide for an environment conducive to learning to
create the teachable moment rather than just waiting for it
to happen.
2. The role of nurse as teacher of the patients and the family,
nursing staff and students certainly should stem forms a
partnership philosophy.
3. Educator should actively involve learners in the education
process.
4. The nurse should act as facilitator creating an environment
conducive to learning.
5. The educator should motivate individuals to learn.

NURSE PRACTITIONER
INTRODUCTION:The practitioner role of the nurse involves those
actions that the nurse takes when assuming responsibility for
meeting the health care and nursing needs of individuals their
families and significant others.

DEFINITION:The international council of nurses provides the

following definitions: A nurse practitioner/advanced practice nurse is a registered
nurse who has acquired the expert knowledge base , complex
decision making skills and clinical competencies for expanded
practice , the characteristics of which are shaped by the context
and/or country in which she is credentialed to practice.
OR
A nurse practitioner is a registered nurse who has completed
specific advanced nursing education ( generally a maters degree)
and training in the diagnosis and management of common as
well as complex medical conditions.
:- (www.google.com)

QUALIFICATION:Generally , a masters degree with any speciality.

A nurse who has an advanced education and is a graduate of a
nurse practitioner program. These nurses are certified by the
American Nurses credentialing center in areas such as adult

nurse practitioner, family nurse practitioner, school nurse

practitioner , pediatric nurse practitioner , etc.

ROLE OF NURSE PRACTITIONER:The nurse practitioner provides health care to clients usually in
an outpatient ambulatory care or community based setting.
The role includes:- The key role of the nurse practitioner is to provide services
to mange the health needs of individuals, families , groups
and community.
- The nurse practitioner role is grounded in the nursing
professions value knowledge, theories and practice.
- It is a role that complements , rather than replaces other
health care providers.
- Nurse practitioner diagnoses and treats health problems
and prescribes drugs.
- Nurse practitioner work autonomously from initiating the
care process to monitoring health outcomes and they work
in collaboration with other health care professionals.
- The scope of practice daily activities and professional role
is defined by local standards health care needs of the
community and function of the health care team.

FUNCTIONS OF NURSE PRACTITIONER:- Obtain health histories and perform comprehensive

physical examination including psychosocial, functional
and developmental assessment.
- Diagnosing treating , evaluating and managing acute and
chronic illness and disease (e.g. diabetes high blood
pressure)
- Ordering, performing and interpreting diagnostic studies.
(E.g. routine tablets, bone x-rays , etc.)

- Providing prenatal care and family planning services.

- Providing well child care including screening and
immunization.
- Providing primary and speciality care services , health
maintenance care for adults.
- Providing care for patients in acute and critical care
settings.
- Develop differential diagnosis.
- Document and maintain patients records.
- Evaluate patients response to plan of care and modify as
needed.
- Counseling and education of patients on health behaviors ,
self care skills and treatment option.
- Participate in research studies.

PRACTICE SETTINGS :Practice area may include the following:-

Community clinics, health centers.

Health departments.
Health maintenance organizations (HMOS)
Home health care agencies
Hospitals
Hospice call
Nurse practitioner practices / office
Nursing homes
Private and public schools , universities and colleges.

SPECIALISTS :The specialities of nurse practitioners may include the

following:- Acute care nurse practitioner (ACNP)
- Adult nurse practitioner (ANP)
- Emergency nurse practitioner (ENP)

Family nurse practitioner (FNP)

Geriatric nurse practitioner (GNP)
Neonatal nurse practitioner (NNP)
Psychiatric / mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP)
Oncology nurse practitioner (ONP)
Palliative care nurse practitioner (PCNP)
Pediatric nurse practitioner (PNP)
Womens health nurse practitioner (WHNP), etc.

NURSE CLINICIAN
INTRODUCTION:Nurse clinician or clinical nurse specialist who
practice within a circumscribed area of care e.g. cardiovascular
clinical nurse specialist, oncology clinical nurse specialist, etc.
They define their role as having five major
components, clinical practice , education , management ,
consultation and research.

DEFINITION :A nurse who has an advanced degree or

expertise and is considered to be an expert in a specialized area
of practice (e.g. gerontology , oncology).
- (Kozier Barbara)
A registered nurse who has received special training and
can perform many of the duties of physician.
-www.google.com

MINIMUM EDUCATION AND EXPERIENCE :Graduation from a state accredited

school / college of professional nursing and two years of nursing
experience to include one year of experience in the speciality area
of clinical practice.

JOB REQUIREMENTS:The job requirements may be following:- Considerable knowledge and skill in the application of
nursing theory, techniques, principles where applicable.
- Considerable knowledge of medications used proper
dosage and effects and contraindications.
- General knowledge of agency policies and procedures ,
knowledge of available resources.
- Ability to make psychological and physical nursing
assessment and to develop nursing care plan.
- Can able to organize and present materials to nursing staff
and other medical personnel, ability to effectively express
oneself in oral and written form and to explain medical
instructions to patients and their families.
- Able to maintain nursing records.
- Ability to gain the confidence of patients and to work
effectively with them and to maintain effective with them
ad to maintain effective working relationship with the
health care staff.

FUNCTIONS OF NURSE CLINICIAN:- The nurse provides direct nursing care to the client
educate others, consults, conduct research and manage
care.

- Nurse clinicians are independent to plan and perform daily

and weekly or and makes short range changes in nursing
care plans or implements some short range change in
procedure.
- Major changes are planned with the nurse supervisor,
program director and/or treatment team.
- Work is reviewed occasional onsite by the supervising
nurse and physician and frequently through written and
oral reports. Work is indirectly reviewed by the treatment
team when presenting cases and evaluating the patient
progress.
- Nurse clinician is responsible for developing and
implementing a comprehensive nursing and medical care
plan.

CONCLUSION:Contemporary nursing
requires that the nurse possess knowledge and skills for a variety
of professional roles and responsibilities. Professional nursing is
adapting to meet changing health needs and expectations. Such
expectations can be achieved by nurse educator, practitioner and
clinician.

BIBLIOGRAPHY:-

1. C.Smeltzer Suzanne, G Bare Brenda, Textbook of Medical

Surgical Nursing, 9th Edition, Philadelphia, Lippincott
Williams and Wilkins 2000, P.P. 11 13.
2. Patrica.A.Potter, Anny Gruiffen Perry, Fundamentals of
Nursing, 6th Edition, New Delhi, Elsevier 2006, P.P. 19 21.
3. Kozier Barbara, Erb Glenora, Fundamentals of Nursing,
7th Edition, New Delhi, Pearson Education, P.P. 11 12.
4. Bastable.B.Susan, Nurse as Educator, Principles of
Teaching and Learning for Nursing Practice, 2nd Edition,
Jones & Bartlett Publishers, P.P. 04 -14.
5. Nurses of India, December 2004, Lovely Abraham,
P.P. 7 8.
6. Websites :www.google.com