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Process Instructions - Structure and Settings

Contents:
Process instruction types
Structure of process instructions
Process instruction categories and

characteristics

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Process Instructions - Structure and Settings:
Course Objectives

At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to:

List the various process instruction types
Outline the structure of process instructions
Define process instruction categories in Customizing
Maintain process instructions in the master recipe

and the process order

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Overview Diagram 6

88

Control Recipes
Settings and Processing

99
Process Messages Structure and Settings

PI Sheet
Elements and Functions

10
10

PI Sheet
Process Instructions

44

Process Messages
Processing

11
11

55

Process Messages
in the Standard SAP System

Process Instructions
Generation

12
12

Decentralized
Process Management

Process Messages Structure and Settings

13
13

Data Transfer Between

Applications

77

Process Instructions
for Process Control Systems

14
14

SAP OPC Data Access

11

Course Overview

22

Introduction

33

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Transferring Data to Process Control

Process order

Process Management

Process control

Header
Operations
Operations
Operations

PI sheet

Phases
Phases
Phases
PI-PCS

Control recipe
destinations
Control
recipes
Process
instructions

Process
control systems

SAP AG 2003

Information that is relevant to process control is stored in the process order in the form of process
instructions that are assigned to the phases of the order.

The process instructions are grouped together in control recipes for the control recipe destinations
that are defined in the process order.

You can create control recipes for:

Process control systems in automated production lines
Process operators in manually operated production lines
In the latter case, the control recipe is displayed in natural language in the form of an R/3 PI sheet
that can be maintained by the process operator.

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Process Instruction Types (Overview)
Universal process instruction
category

R/3 internal
PI sheet

Process parameter
Process data request

Process
instruction
types

PI-PCS
interface

Process message subscription

Process data calculation formula
Inspection results request

R/3 internal
PI sheet

Dynamic function call

Sequence definition

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There are different types of process instructions for conveying different kinds of information.

You can use the following process instruction types in control recipes for process control systems
that are transferred using the PI-PCS interface:
Process parameters
Process message requests
Process message subscriptions

You can use the following process instruction types in control recipes for the R/3 PI sheet:
Universal process instruction category (for browser-based PI sheets only)
Process parameters
Process message requests
Process data calculation formulas
Inspection results requests
Dynamic function calls
Sequence definitions

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Process Instruction Types for Process Control
Systems

Process Management
Process
parameters
Control
information
and
notes

Process
message
request

Process
message
subscription

Required
actual data

Events to
be reported

Process
control

Message(s)

Messages

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You use process parameters to transfer information to process control.

You use a process message request to specify that process control is to send a process message
containing actual data for a process. The request contains the following information:
the message category of the message to be sent
the information that is to be contained in the message

You use a process message subscription to specify that process control is to send a process message
every time a specific event, such as a goods receipt, takes place. You specify the following
information:
the message category of the message to be sent
the information to be conveyed in the message

You cannot use process message subscriptions for PI sheets.

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Process Instruction Types for the PI Sheet
for ABAP list-based PI sheets (all releases)
and browser-based PI sheets (as of Release 4.6C)

Process Management
Process
parameter
Type 1

Proc. message Proc. data

Dynamic func.
Inspection
request
calc. formula
call
result request
Type 2
Type 4
Type 6
Type 5

Control
information
and
notes

PI sheet

Required
actual
data

Message(s)

Required
formula
results

Function
to be
called

Preceding
phase

Message

Funct. module

Operations/
phases for
which
inspection
results are
to be
created

Sequence
definition
Type 7

QM

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In the case of manually operated plants, a process parameter contains texts with control information
for the process operator.

You use a process message request to specify that one or more process messages containing actual
data entered in the PI sheet are to be sent.

You use a process data calculation formula to specify that a value is to be calculated in the PI sheet
and sent in a process message.

You use an inspection results request to specify that inspection results are to be recorded for one or
more operations/phases during the execution of a process order. You call the results recording for
operations or phases directly from the PI sheet.

A dynamic function call enables the process operator to call an R/3 function module while
processing the PI sheet. In this way, a dialog can be started or data can be queried from internal or
external applications, depending on the function module used.

You use a sequence definition to specify that a phase in the PI sheet cannot be processed until the
preceding phase has been completed. In the PI sheet, the process instructions of the phase remain
inactive until all required messages have been created for the process instructions of the preceding
phase.

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Process Instruction Type 0 Universal Process
Instruction
as of Release 4.6C
for browser-based PI sheets

Process Management
Universal process instruction
Type 0
Control
information
and
notes

PI sheet

Required
actual
data

Required
formula
results

Message(s)

Function
to be
called

Preceding
phase

Message

Funct. module

Operations/
phases for
which
inspection
results are
to be
created

QM

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The advantage of universal process instructions compared to process instructions of types 1 to 7 is

that they support all functions of the other process instruction types.

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Structure of a Process Instruction
Process instruction ABC, type XYZ
Sort
number

Process instruction
characteristics

Characteristic values

0010

Characteristic 1

Value x

0020

Characteristic 2

Value y

0030

Characteristic 3

0040

Characteristic 4

Value p

Value z

= Value can be assigned automatically in the process order

SAP AG 2003

Process instructions are structures used to transfer data or instructions from PP-PI to process control.
They are assigned to the phases of the master recipe and the process order.

Process instructions are defined by the user according to the requirements of the target system in
question.

By assigning characteristics and characteristic values, you specify:

The information in a process instruction that is to be transferred or requested, for example, the
order number, a control instruction or the status of a control recipe
How the requested data is to be processed (for example, a specific value is to be confirmed by
process control) and which message category is to be used for this purpose
You can use the same characteristic more than once in a process instruction. You can use sort
numbers to specify the sequence of the characteristics in the process instruction.

The characteristics together with their formats and value ranges are predefined in Customizing.
Depending on the format, the characteristic value can be a date, time, numeric or alphanumeric key,
short text, long text, or message characteristic key.

If you have assigned a function or table for automatic value assignment to a characteristic in
Customizing, the characteristic value is assigned automatically when the control recipe is created.

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Process Instruction Category - Control Instruction
Customizing
Process instruction cat. Y, type 2

Process order/master recipe

Process instruction cat. 0010,
type 2, cat. Y

Char. 1

Value A

Char. 1

Value A

Char. 2

Value B

Char. 3

Char. 3

Char. 4

Value G

Char. 6

Char. 4

Value F

Char. 5

Value C

Char. 7

Value D

Char. 6

Char. 8

Value L

Char. 7

Value D

Char. 9

Value M

Char. 8

Value E

= Value can be assigned automatically in the process order

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Process instructions are predefined in Customizing using process instruction categories. The process
instruction category specifies:
The type of process instruction
The characteristics contained in a process instruction, that is, the information it conveys

When you create a process instruction in a master recipe or process order, you must specify a process
instruction category. The instruction type as well as the characteristics and characteristic values
defined in the instruction category are copied to the process instruction.

When you create a process order from a master recipe, the process instructions are copied into the
process order from the master recipe.

In the master recipe, you can change and add process-specific data. In the process order, you can
change and add data that is valid for the production run in question. You can make the following
changes:
Delete or add characteristics
Change or add characteristic values

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Characteristics for Process Instructions

Characteristics
C2

C1
C3

Release for
process
instructions

Process instructions
Proc. instruction A
C2

Group 1

C8

C6

C5

Proc. instruction B
Group 2

C7

C4

C6

C9

Proc. instruction C

C8
C7

Group 3

C6
C3

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You create characteristics in Customizing and combine them in groups.

To be able to assign characteristic to process instructions, you must first release the characteristic
group for use in process instructions.

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Process Instruction Assistant

Customizing
Proc. instruction
categories
Master recipe/process order
Process Instructions

Create/Maintain

PI
characteristics
overview

PI
Assistant

SAP AG 2003

You can use the Process Instruction Assistant to maintain process instructions and process instruction
categories for R/3 PI sheets (except in the case of process instruction type 0, universal process
instruction category).

The Process Instruction Assistant offers specific selection screens and prompts for each process
instruction type to guide you through the definition of a process instruction. The specifications in the
Process Instruction Assistant focus only on content and do not require any knowledge of process
instruction characteristics and how they are used. The system creates the characteristic structure of
the process instruction when you exit the Assistant.

You can use the Process Instruction Assistant as follows:

To define process instruction categories in Customizing
To define process instructions in the master recipe and process order

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Customizing for Process Instructions

33

Assign
characteristics
to process instruction
category

Assign characteristic
1.4
1.4 to characteristics group

1.2
1.2

1.1
1.1

Release
characteristics
group for use
in process
instructions
Create
characteristics
group

Create
characteristic

Create
process
instruction
category

1.3
1.3

22

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The graphic shows the steps you need to follow to define a process instruction category in
Customizing.

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Process Instructions - Structure and Settings:
Summary (1)

You use process instructions to specify which

information is to be transferred to process control and
which information is to be reported from
process control.
You allocate process instructions to the phases of the
master recipe and the process order. The system
bundles these into control recipes and transfers them
to process control.
In R/3, you can use different types of process
instructions to convey different types of information.

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Process Instructions - Structure and Settings:
Summary (2)

You define the information to be transferred by

assigning characteristics and characteristic
values to process instructions.
Process instructions are predefined in Customizing
using process instruction categories.
However, you can change the settings in the
master recipe and process order.

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0.16Exercises
Unit: Process Instructions - Structure and Settings

Customizing: Process instruction categories

Master recipes and process orders: Maintaining process instructions

Process instruction categories in Customizing

1-1

In Customizing, release the SCM344-## characteristics group for use in process

instructions.

1-2

Analyze process instruction category MEAS-2 in Customizing.

Note which characteristics already have values assigned to them and which
characteristics can have values assigned to them automatically.

Creating and maintaining process instructions in the master recipe and process order
1-3

Access master recipe 10 of recipe group T-EX1## in change mode.

Note: The T-EX1## recipe group has been created for all course
participants. Recipe 1 is the recipe you are going to maintain in this
training course.
Recipe 20 has already been maintained as described in the exercises
in the course and can be called up for the purpose of comparison.
Go to the process instruction overview for phase 0220 and create a process
instruction in the MEAS-2 category between the INSTR_0 and PHSTF process
instructions.
Go to the characteristic overview and assign the value C to the characteristic
PPPI_UNIT_OF_MEASURE (unit of measure), which appears twice. Assign the
value 100 to the characteristic MEASURED_VALUE, which also appears twice.
Simulate the PI sheet for phase 0220.
Save the master recipe.

1-4

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Material T-FDA## has been assigned as a product to your master recipe T-EX##.
Create a process order for this material (plant 1100, process order type PI01, total
quantity: for example, 500 l, scheduling type: Current date).

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1-5

Go to the operation overview and display the process instructions for phase 0022.
Go to the characteristic overview for the MEAS-2 process instruction.
Note again which characteristics of the process instruction can have values assigned
to them automatically.
Manually assign the entry Device-## as a value to the PPPI_SOURCE
characteristic.

1-6

Answer the following question:

Why is it not possible to manually assign a value to the PPPI_PROCESS_ORDER
characteristic?
____________________________________________________________
You do not have to Save the order.

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0.17Solutions
Unit: Process Instructions - Structure and Settings

Process instruction categories in Customizing

1-1

Customizing:
(...) Process Management Process Instructions Process Instruction
Characteristics Define Characteristics Groups for Process Instructions
Choose Release for Process Instructions (plant 1100).
Choose New entries.
Chars Grp: SCM344-##
Choose Save.

1-2

Customizing:
(...) Process Management Process Instructions Define Process
Instruction Categories (General) (plant 1100)
Select the MEAS-2 process instruction and double-click Characteristics/Process
Instruction Category in the dialog structure.
Examples for value assignment: The value for the PPPI_PROCESS_ORDER
characteristic is assigned automatically, while the value for the
PPPI_INPUT_REQUEST characteristic has been manually assigned with the text
"Measured value 1 (actual) ".

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Creating and maintaining process instructions in the master recipe and process order
1-3

Changing master recipes:

SAP menu:
Logistics Production Process Master Data Production Versions
Enter plant 1100 and task list group T-EX1## as the selection conditions.
Press Enter and select production version 0001 for material T-FDA##.
Press the Recipe button to go to the current key date.
Select phase 0220 and click the Process Instructions icon.
Create a process instruction in the category MEAS-2 between the INSTR_0 and
PHSTF process instructions.
Select this process instruction and click the Process Instr. Details icon. Enter the
value C for both instances of the PPPI_UNIT_OF_MEASURE characteristic (unit
of measure). Enter the value 100 for both instances of the MEASURED_VALUE
characteristic.
Simulating the PI sheet:
In the operation overview for phase 0220, click the Simulate PI sheet icon.
Exit the simulation and Save your master recipe.

1-4

SAP menu:
Logistics Production Process Process Order Process Order
Create With material

1-5

Choose Operations.
Select phase 0220 and press the Process Instructions button.
Select the MEAS-2 process instructions and click the Process Instruction Details
icon.
The A indicator is set for process instruction characteristics to which values are
assigned automatically.
Enter Device-## as the value for the PPPI_SOURCE characteristic.

1-6

You cannot manually assign a value to characteristic PPPI_PROCESS_ORDER

because manual value assignment was excluded in the definition of this
characteristic. The Only automatic indicator is set in the additional Process
Management data for this characteristic. Values can only be assigned automatically
to this characteristic in the process order.
You do not have to Save the order.

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