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easy
access for you to sex, and also closeness as well as companionship (Bisson & Levine,
2009;
Weaver, MacKeigan, & MacDonald, 2011). However, there are also
potential emotional risks related
together with FWBRs. 1 with the most
commonly identified risks will be unrequited love, by which
one person
develops unreciprocated romantic feelings pertaining to the other partner. Other
risks
contain fears regarding ruining the particular friendship and/or causing the
relationship to become
difficult or even awkward (Bisson & Levine,
2009; Gusarova, Fraser, & Alderson, 2012; Weaver et
al., 2011).
Owen, Fincham and also Manthos (2013) discovered that 18.5% involving individuals
surveyed who
had past FWBR experience (but weren't at present in an FWBR) indicated
that these
were no more friends with their nearly all recent FWBR partner,
and 31.5% indicated that, although
their particular friendship continued, they will were
not as near to their particular partner as they
were before initiating the actual sexual
part in the relationship. So, for approximately half of your
respondents inside that
study the particular FWBR may, inside fact, have damaged the actual
friendship. Many associated with the
risks which are associated along with FWBRs may also be
typical throughout both dating and
romantic relationships; however, there may end up being special
challenges for
individuals throughout FWBRs since there are many ambiguities surrounding
the
roles and expectations involving partners inside this dyad. Youthful adults within a
qualitative
research reported that open up communication would be the particular very best way
to stop the
risks associated with FWBRs (Weaver, et al., 2011);
however, when questioned regarding
communication around the uncertainties that
can arise within FWBRs, little as well as no discussion
is typically reported
(Bisson & Levine, 2009; Weaver et al., 2011).
messages can be not even near to harmless, together with traditional
sexual script endorsement
playing a job within sexual coercion (Byers,
1996) and serving as a barrier in order to women's
sexual assertiveness,
such as discouraging a woman coming from initiating sexual
contact,
communicating needs, wants as well as concerns to some partner, discussing safer
sex
practices, or perhaps refusing sexual actions altogether (Greene &
Faulkner, 2005). Your traditional
sexual script involves any sexual double
standard (SDS), which dictates differential acceptance
involving sexual
behaviours for ladies along with men (Greene & Faulkner, 2005). When the
SDS
was first conceptualized, it absolutely was viewed as a paradigm which shaped
attitudes
toward premarital sex (Reiss, 1967). Even though cultural changes
have since resulted throughout a
lot more permissive attitudes toward sexuality
(Petersen & Hyde, 2010), some research points too
women continue
to be observed a lot more negatively with regard to engaging inside sex away from
boundaries
of a new romantic relationship, with regard to having multiple sexual partners, and also
for
behaving within ways that display sexual assertiveness (Crawford & Popp,
2003; Milhausen &
Herold, 1999).
It is achievable the existence associated with an SDS depends on the context
of the sexual activity.
in the scenario-based study, Jonason and Marks
(2009) discovered absolutely no proof an SDS
within respondents' evaluations of
characters engaging in sexual behaviours inside the context of
the monogamous
sexual relationship, but an SDS does emerge for characters concerned
in
"threesomes." Reid, Elliott and Webber (2011) in addition found
evidence of the contemporary
SDS when presenting members together with a
scenario describing any hookup adopted by a chaste
date. Although
participants judged female characters in the hookup scenario within this kind of
way
as for you to suggest which they granted which character sexual agency comparable to
their
male counterpart, their evaluations in the sexless post-hookup
date suggested which male as well as
female characters had different motivations
which fell inside series using traditional gender
stereotypes (e.g., the particular female
character has been engaging within impression-management
to correct your ex reputation
after engaging in casual sex, your male character was just interested
in
sex and this was any "pity date"). Thus, their particular research involving a
non-traditional
context with regard to sexual activity--the hookup--suggests that
there offers some evidence for any
contemporary variation of the SDS.
This leaves some uncertainty concerning FWBRs. Upon the one hand, both
hookups and FWBRs are
usually types of casual sexual relationships which lie
outside of the classic romantic relationship
script and also may
therefore always be susceptible to end up being able to double standards. Upon
another hand, FWBRs,
which are usually seen as much less casual than additional forms of casual
sex scripts
(e.g., booty call, 1 night stands; Wentland & Reissing, 2011) may
be viewed weight loss
suitable and, therefore, not necessarily involve an SDS. Another
possibility is that the particular
monogamous nature in the interaction is
important. In Which is, 1 FWBR may be seen as
acceptable, but
simultaneous relationships or sexual partners might not. Based on
interviews along
with small adults using FWBR experience, Weaver et al., (2011)
found a new commonly reported
perception which women will be judged more
negatively than men with regard to their participation
throughout FWBRs. Yet Another potential
influence about individual's judgments regarding other
people within FWBRs might be
their own FWBR experience. people who have experienced an
FWBR
themselves might end up being much more positive within their judgments involving others
simply because of
a shared perspective. However, this may depend around the gender regarding
the
individual or even the gender regarding the individual they may well be judging.
The present study
Researchers get found that greater than half of school students
report engaging inside an FWBR at
some point in their lives (Bisson &
Levine 2009); however, small is well known about how precisely
those who experience
FWBRs are usually judged by others, such as his or her peers. FWBRs, a
nontraditional relationship type, might always be outside associated with the realm of the
traditional
sexual script; however, it is not recognized if the SDS
applies to FWBRs. given the actual abovementioned negative consequences
associated along with endorsement of the conventional sexual
script (e.g.,
sexual coercion, discouraging women's sexual assertiveness) and the
unique aspects of
FWBRs (i.e., the particular blending of friendship behaviours and
sexual behaviours, a lot more
casual than a conventional romantic relationship
and less casual when in comparison to be able to a
hookup), it is really important to investigate whether
or not really the particular SDS exists in this
type of relationship. This examination
could add clarity to analyze suggesting the SDS will be
evolving, but
is still evident in any few relational/sexual contexts. Finally, the
majority regarding
active studies inside the FWBR literature tend to be descriptive or
correlational throughout nature.
Your use associated with randomly assigned scenarios was
chosen for the current research for you
to prevent the pitfalls involving self-report
explicit measures of the SDS, pertaining to that social
desirability biases might
be any factor.
The existing analysis concerned a new quasi-experimental style wherein
participants responded in
order to hypothetical FWBR scenarios in which the
manipulated variables were the gender of the
character being described
and your FWBR encounter of this character. A Pair Of respondentlevel
variables had been in addition investigated: respondent gender along with respondent
FWBR
experience. Provided meta-analytic findings in which men continue to report
more positive
attitudes towards casual sex as compared to ladies (Petersen &
Hyde, 2010), we expected male
members to become able to assess the scenarios and
the major character more positively. The
Actual current research thus tested four
broad hypotheses.
Hypothesis 1: Male respondents would rate scenario characters more
positively, create much more
positive relationship predictions, record a lower
need for your character to keep the relationship
secret, and also predict more
positive judgments from others in contrast together with female
respondents.
Hypothesis 2: Respondents who statement getting their really own FWBR
experience would rate the
particular scenario characters more positively than
respondents reporting zero experience in
FWBRs.
Based about research suggesting the SDS nonetheless exists for
non-traditional relationship
contexts (e.g., Jonason & Marks, 2009)
and that, in a minimum, you will find lingering perceptions
involving an SDS within
FWBRs (Weaver et al., 2011), we hypothesized that will male characters
and
their relationships would be evaluated much more positively when compared with will be
the
case with regard to female characters.
Hypothesis 3: When the key character is male, the character would
be judged more positively,
relationship predictions could be more
positive, your requirement for secrecy will be lower, as well
as others'
judgments could be expected to become a lot more positive when compared with once the
main
character will be female.
Hypothesis 4: While scenarios involved a new major character experiencing
their initial FWBR, the
actual character will be judged more positively than
would characters depicted as being associated
with multiple FWBRs, as well as this
would become particularly so for female characters (i.e.,
interaction
effect).
METHODS
Demographic Scale
Participants had been motivated to respond to some series of products relating to
demographic
characteristics, like age, gender along with partnership status.
Embedded within this scale,
individuals were provided having a definition
of FWBRs (i.e., ongoing sexual relationships among
individuals that do
not define their own relationship as romantic) and also were requested when
they had
experienced such a relationship. This specific ended up being followed by means of a
series of
descriptive questions. When they will had not experienced an FWBR, these people
were
asked to react to no much less than one merchandise indicating their willingness to
participate
in an FWBR inside the future (1 = not really at all prepared to 5 = extremely willing).
If
they will indicated in which they'd experienced an FWBR, these were also
asked in order to indicate
the quantity of FWBRs that that they had experienced, at what age group their
first FWBR
experience occurred, and also whether or even not drugs or alcohol were
consumed prior towards
the very first sexual involvement using their the majority of recent
FWBR partner. Finally, a pair of
concerns upon 5point Likert scales asked
whether your participant would think about participating
throughout an FWBR once more (1
= certainly not in virtually any way prone to 5 = very likely) and
just how that they would price the
general overall valence of their own experiences within FWBRs
(1 = very
negative for you to 5 = really positive).
Scenario
Participants were randomly assigned questionnaires such as one
version of a scenario. The
Particular fundamental composition of each scenario concerned a
19-year-old scholar in their initial
year. the student
becomes friends with an opposite-sex male as well as female student. Right After
some
time as friends, both eventually engage throughout sexual intercourse. They
have engaged in
sexual exercise several times since the extremely first encounter.
Lastly, your scenario states the
student offers either never
experienced this kind of relationship before, as well as the student has
a
similar ongoing relationship with 2 additional male as well as female friends of
theirs (with the
same gender since the earlier mentioned FWBR sexual
partner).
Scenario score form
Each scenario ended up being instantly followed by a score scale applying
to the main character
described in the scenario. Individuals were
presented using 15 descriptors (e.g., mature,
irresponsible) and asked to
indicate how well each corresponds for the major character on a scale
from
1 (does certainly not describe in all) for you to 5 (describes really well).
Participants' ratings
were combined into a single score labelled
Character Perception, along with higher scores
indicating a lot more positive
judgments (Cronbach's alpha regarding .83). The Actual next portion
of the rating
scale included 10 products employing a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1
(strongly
disagree) for you to 5 (strongly agree). 4 regarding these products assessed
predictions in regards
for you to the outcome in the hypothetical relationship [e.g.,
"This relationship is planning to be an
optimistic encounter with regard to (main
character name)]" along with had been combined right in
to a single factor,
Relationship Prediction (Cronbach's alpha involving .59), using higher
scores
indicating a lot more positive predictions about the outcome involving the
FWBR. four additional
products assessed beliefs about others'
judgments with the FWBR character [e.g., "If people learn
about
(main character name)'s relationship, they'll likely say that (he
or she) is actually
promiscuous"] and also were combined into a single aspect to
make up the criterion variable,
Others' Judgments (Cronbach's
alpha of .73), along with higher scores indicating more positive
peer
judgments. two items assessed the actual perceived require for the character to
keep the
FWBR secret [e.g., "(Main character name) will probably
want to keep this relationship secret
coming from (his/her) friends."] and
were mixed for you to assess Want pertaining to Secrecy
(Cronbach's alpha involving .74),
with higher scores indicating the greater need for secrecy.
Participants
The members pertaining to this research had been 404 undergraduate student
volunteers (227
female and also 177 male) utilized by any variety of
undergraduate programs (although your
majority had been Introductory
Psychology students) with a primarily undergraduate college
throughout Atlantic
Canada. The Actual survey ended up being completed in classrooms throughout
scheduled class
times or within the Human Sexuality Analysis Lab. the imply age group
of
participants in the research ended up being 19.77 (SD = 3.0) with a range coming from 17 to
43.
Half with the members (n = 202) weren't involved having a partner
at the duration of the survey. of
the particular remainder, 99 were exclusively dating
one partner, 51 were casually dating one
partner, 26 had been cohabitating
with their own romantic partner, 18 were casually dating greater
than one
partner, three individuals were married, as well as 5 participants indicated
"other." The
Actual vast majority regarding individuals (97.3%) identified as
heterosexual.
RESULTS
Descriptive statistics
For your respondents which reported having experienced an FWBR
(52.5%), prevalence didn't differ
significantly by gender, [chi square]
(1, 404) = 1.5, p = .22. the average quantity of prior FWBRs
has been 2.29 (SD
= 2.19) and the typical ages of initial FWBR expertise ended up being 17.40 (SD
=
2.04), and also 52.6% indicated that will drugs or alcohol (see Table 1) were
consumed just
before his or her 1st involvement with their most recent partner.
Respondents along with FWBR
experience had significantly a lot more lifetime sexual
partners compared for you to those without
FWBR experience, t(395) = -6.37, p <
.001. The Actual vast majority of people with FWBR
encounter (82.3%) rated
their FWBR experiences as getting neutral (37.6%), somewhat
positive
(35.7%) or even extremely positive (9%). Furthermore, 54.7% associated with those along
with FWBR
experience indicated which they will be somewhat likely (25.5%) as well as very
likely
(29.2%) for you to engage throughout an FWBR once again in the future. Involving
those
respondents whom did not have previous FWBR experience, 52.9% indicated
that they will be
neutral (30.8%), somewhat prepared (15.1%) or perhaps very
willing (7%) in order to participate in
an FWBR within the future.
Hypothesis testing
The multivariate option with the General Linear Model (GLM) program
in your Statistical Plan for
the Social Sciences, variation 18 (SPSS 18)
was utilized to investigate relationships between the
impartial variables
(respondent gender, respondent FWBR experience, character gender,
character
FWBR experience) and the dependent variables (character
perceptions, relationship predictions,
others' judgments, along with need
for secrecy).
Respondent gender
For the initial hypothesis, it had been predicted that will male respondents
would charge scenario
characters much more positively, make a lot more positive
relationships predictions, record a lower
dependence on secrecy regarding the
character, along with predict much more positive judgments
via others in comparison with
female respondents. A New significant multivariate principal impact
for
respondent gender ended up being found, Wilks' Lambda = .94, F(4, 385) = 6.50,
p < .001.
Male respondents judged the actual scenario characters more
positively (M = 3.22, SD = .54) as
compared to did female respondents (M = 2.96,
SD = .58). Male respondents also produced much
more positive predictions about
the relationship (M = 2.85, SD = .67) when compared with do
female respondents (M =
2.65, SD = .61). Male and also female respondents didn't differ within
either
their anticipations about others' judgments or the requirement for secrecy
in association
with the FWBR relationships in the scenarios.
Respondent FWBR experience
For the 2nd hypothesis, it absolutely was predicted in which respondents who
reported having
FWBR expertise would price the scenario characters more
positively compared to respondents
reporting simply no private experience regarding an FWBR.
A significant multivariate major impact
pertaining to respondent FWBR experience
was found, Wilks' Lambda = .97, F(4, 385) = 2.66, p <
.05.
Respondents with FWBR experience judged the actual scenario characters more
positively (M
= 3.17, SD = .56) when compared with would respondents without having FWBR
experience (M =
2.98, SD = .57). Although a certain prediction has been not
made inside the second hypothesis with
regards to scenario relationships, it had been also
noted which respondents with FWBR expertise
created a lot more positive
predictions concerning the relationships inside the scenarios (M = 2.82,
SD =
.64) than does respondents with out FWBR encounter (M = 2.64, SD = .65).
Respondents
with along with without having FWBR encounter failed to differ throughout their
expectations about
either others' judgments as well as dependence on secrecy.
Character gender
For the third hypothesis, it had been predicted that, if the main
character has been male, character
judgments, relationship predictions and
others' judgments would be a lot more positive, as well as
the need for secrecy
would become lower, compared to if the primary character has been female.
Any significant
multivariate major effect regarding character gender has been found,
Wilks'
Lambda = .48, F(4, 385) = 105.91, p < .001. Contrary in order to our
hypothesis, male
characters are not judged a lot more positively than female
characters. However, as hypothesized,
members had much more positive
relationship predictions pertaining to male characters (M = 2.85,
SD = .61) than
for female characters (M = 2.61, SD = .67), expected other people to become able to
judge
male characters much more positively (M = 3.73, SD = .60) as compared to
female
characters (M= 2.46, SD = .73) and reported less need for secrecy for
male characters (M=
2.64, SD = 1.01) compared to female characters (M = 3.58,
SD = .75).
Character FWBR experience
For your fourth hypothesis, it absolutely was predicted that, when the scenario
depicted a character
in their very first FWBR, your character will be judged
more positively than others depicted
engaging within multiple FWBRs, but this
would end up being especially true regarding female
characters. a significant
multivariate major impact regarding character expertise has been found,
Wilks'
Lambda = .74, F(4, 385) = 33.41, p < .001. As hypothesized, when the
scenario depicted a
character in their initial FWBR, respondents judged
the characters a lot more positively (M = 3.36,
SD = .49) compared to when characters
were associated with multiple FWBRs (M = 2.83, SD =
.52). Although we did
not help make certain predictions with regards to character FWBR encounter
in
relation to relationship perceptions, others' judgments, or need
for secrecy, respondents
furthermore created a lot more positive relationship
predictions when characters were within their
first FWBR (M = 2.86, SD =
.61) compared to when characters had been within multiple FWBRs (M
= 2.63, SD = .66)
and expected other people in order to judge characters inside their initial FWBR
more
positively (M = 3.37, SD = .81) than others with multiple FWBRs (M =
2.91, SD = .95). Right
now there were zero variances in respondents'
expectations in regards to be able to the dependence
on secrecy associated together with whether
characters had been in their very first FWBR as well as
had multiple FWBRs.
A significant two-way interaction effect involving character gender
and character FWBR expertise
was discovered [Wilks' Lambda = .97, F(4,
385)= 3.20, p < .05]. The Actual impact associated with
scenario character FWBR
experience about anticipations regarding others' judgments [F(1,388)=
6.89,
p < .01] and also the need for secrecy [F(1,388) = 9.38, p < .01]
differed depending in
whether as well as certainly not the character had been male or even female. Overall,
respondents
predicted a lot more negative judgments through other people pertaining to characters
with
multiple FWBR experiences when compared with with regard to characters who were in an
FWBR
for the extremely first time. However, as may be observed in Figure 1, others'
judgments
had been predicted being a lot more negative for female characters with
multiple FWBRs as
compared to with regard to female characters getting their particular 1st FWBR
experience as well
as for male characters (regardless involving their particular FWBR experience).
Similarly, although
your dependence on secrecy didn't differ with regard to male
characters with or even with out
FWBR experience, contributors expected a
higher need for secrecy regarding female characters
having multiple FWBRs than
for females getting his or her very first FWBR (see Figure 2).
[FIGURE one OMITTED]
[FIGURE 2 OMITTED]
DISCUSSION
The purpose with the current research ended up becoming to check out aspects that
might
influence adults' judgments involving others who participate in
friends-with-benefits
relationships. Specifically, the actual existing study
added for the limited information on FWBRs by
utilizing a quasi-experimental
methodology to analyze gender along with FWBR experience with
relation to
judgments associated with individuals throughout hypothetical FWBR scenarios, to be
able to explore
whether a conventional sexual double regular exists. The Actual outcomes from
the
present research supported the general hypotheses which character
gender, character FWBR
experience, respondent gender and respondent FWBR
experience might be correctly used to predict
judgments of characters
in hypothetical FWBRs.
Similar to other analysis utilizing college student samples, just over
half with the members had
experienced an FWBR. There had been absolutely no gender
difference in reported FWBR
experience. This really is consistent by incorporating of
the present literature upon FWBRs
demonstrating no gender difference
(e.g., Bisson and Levine, 2009), along with inconsistent along
with various other findings
that discovered that men had been much a lot more likely for you to
record FWBR expertise (e.g.,
Owen & Fincham, 2011).
Respondent gender
As hypothesized, male respondents produced the most positive character
evaluations, judging both
male and also female characters inside scenarios more
positively compared to does female
respondents and creating a lot more positive
predictions in regards to become able to the
hypothetical relationship. This particular result is
consistent with a current meta-analysis
demonstrating which certainly 1 of the actual few
areas where there carries on to be a new modest
gender difference is in
reported attitudes toward casual sex, along with males reporting a lot more
positive
attitudes (Petersen & Hyde, 2010). This ought for you to be noted, however, that
although
females created relatively much more negative judgments in the scenario
character when compared
with men overall, their judgments were simply slightly under the
neutral scale midpoint, whereas
judgments through men had been solidly neutral.
Thus, although lower, women's judgments were
not particularly
negative.
Sexual double standard: Perception, however, not reality?
Contrary to our hypotheses based on the conventional sexual script,
female characters are not
judged much more negatively than male characters.
Further, despite the very fact that characters
depicted within scenarios as getting more
casual sex encounter were judged much more negatively
all round as compared to those
with less experience, it was not stronger pertaining to female
characters. This
lack associated with proof of an SDS could represent a new cultural change in
a
formerly widespread script. However, although female characters were not
judged more
negatively than male characters, the results suggest that
there may be a perception of the double
standard. Respondents anticipated
more positive outcomes associated with the relationship when
the primary character was
male. perhaps this reflects your perception that will heterosexual men
have
the the majority of energy inside our culture and, therefore, could be expected in order to
have
more positive outcomes across a variety of domains in contrast to
women. Whenever scenarios
contained female principal characters, respondents were
more likely to indicate that will the
partnership outcome could be more
negative, that will others would judge the girl negatively, along
with that they should
try in order to maintain the relationship any secret. Any study involving
adolescent girls'
sexual behaviour says girls perceived that there was an SDS
when it came for the
quantity regarding sexual experience (even though gifts with
more sexual partners weren't
reporting lower popularity or
self-esteem), however usually reported receiving assistance and
acceptance
from their own close peer network which in turn buffered the actual external SDS
(Lyons,
Giordano, Manning, & Longmore, 2011). Particularly associated in order to FWBRs,
most
contributors using FWBR experience in a research simply by Hughes et al.,
(2005) reported getting
disclosed with regards to their particular FWBR experience along with almost
equal proportions
involving positive as well as negative peer responses had been reported.
Thus, there seems being
the gap in between expectations associated with positive friend
responses as well as anticipations
associated with negative repercussions in a larger peer
group.
Research in motives for engaging in FWBRs as well as factors that will predict
subjective valence
associated with FWBR outcomes could also illuminate your current
findings of more negative
relationship predictions for ladies than for
men. Females happen for you to be found to emphasize
the actual mental link in
FWBRs more than men (Lehmiller, VanderDrift, & Kelly, 2011).
The
development of unequal feelings among partners continues to end up being able to be identified
in
several studies like a primary likelihood of FWBRs (Bisson & Levine, 2009;
Weaver et al., 2011).
This specific issue is actually a major aspect related with
negative outcomes (Gusarova, et al.,
2012), and ladies tend to be much more likely to
enter an FWBR hoping that will it will develop in
for you to a more traditional
romantic relationship (Gusarova, et al.). Therefore, contributors inside
the
current study might possess anticipated a lot more negative outcomes for women
because
females are more vulnerable for the prospective negative outcomes, a
possibility requiring further
research.
Respondent's very own FWBR experience
As anticipated, respondents along with their particular FWBR experiences rated
characters a lot
more positively than those without FWBR experience. This is
not shocking along with could
probably be explained in many ways. Regarding somebody who
has had an FWBR in order to judge
another individual harshly for their particular FWBR
involvement could induce cognitive
dissonance, which usually describes any sense
of tension/discomfort which is developed by an
individual holding two
discrepant cognitions that the person will be motivated to reduce by
making
these cognitions much more steady (Festinger, 1957). Another
possibility is actually merely that will
using a shared experience with the character
generated a higher a feeling of empathy. Finally, this
could also be an
example of your third-variable phenomenon where one more element like
greater
erotophilia or perhaps sociosexuality could relate to a greater
likelihood of encountering an FWBR
oneself also to getting much more positive
views about others' sexual behaviours.
Study limitations and also long term directions
The present study contributes towards the FWBR literature simply by becoming one
of the first to
explore judgments involving those who participate in FWBRs and
by using a quasi-experimental
design for you to stay away from self-report biases inside the
investigation involving sexual double
standards. However, the final results of the
current research should be weighed inside the mild of
several limitations.
First, although the presentation involving hypothetical scenarios afforded
the
ability for you to steer clear of self-report bias inside the reporting of double standards,
the
extent to that this would generalize to phenomena while they occur in
the "real world" will be
unclear. Also, our dependent variables all
had acceptable internal consistency using the exception
of
"relationship predictions." The Particular results for relationship
prediction ought to
consequently end up being interpreted cautiously. Further, the
sample consisted associated with
undergraduate university or college students and, although
research indicates a top chance
associated with FWBR encounter amongst university
students (e.g., Bisson & Levine, 2009), further
research is needed
using much more diverse samples. Contributors inside a qualitative study
involving FWBRs
suggested in which FWBRs are usually suitable to the school lifestyle yet could
be
less appropriate from then on (Weaver, et al., 2011). Therefore, scenarios
involving older
characters may well give a various picture. The
current study merely explored hypothetical crosssex relationships. Future
research could in addition check out attitudes toward individuals within
same-sex
FWBRs. It will be unclear regardless involving whether judgments involving FWBR
practitioners would
differ based around the sexual orientation of the practitioner. The
stereotypes
or even scripts which exist by what may go wrong in FWBRs often
have the gendered message (e.g.,
the actual female becomes attached/emotional and
gets hurt; the particular male is utilizing your
female for sex) laden together with implications
of power differentials or perceived gender
differences.
The present findings suggest that further analysis around the sexual
double regular will be
necessary and also important. Our research and which of
others (e.g., Reid, Elliott, & Webber,
2011) shows that the SDS
is changing, In the particular event that in which is, within fact, the
particular case, why can there be a new continuing
perception of an SDS? Our results, combined
using other latest studies on
the SDS, declare that although there happen to always be able to be
shifts in double standard
attitudes towards women's sexuality, the particular lingering results of
these
traditional beliefs remain in the choice of relation to real attitudes, or perhaps the
perception
which such attitudes even now exist. We encourage researchers in
this location to make use
involving much less explicit methodologies regarding detecting the
SDS, like randomly assigned
scenarios as in the current study and
others (Jonason & Marks, 2009; Reid, et al., 2011), or through
using
implicit measures (e.g., Sakaluk, & Mllhausen, 2012).
doi: 10.3138/cjhs.2128
Acknowledgement: Portions of this article had been introduced in the
annual meeting in the
Canadian Sex Study Forum throughout Ottawa, ON, 2012.
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Angola D. Weaver (1), Marvin Claybourn (2), and Kelly L. MacKeigan
(1)
(1) Department of Psychology, St. Francis Xavier University,
Antigonish, NS
(2) Department of Psychology, St. Thomas University, Fredericton,
NB
Correspondence with regards to this article should be addressed to
Angola Weaver, Department
associated with Psychology, St. Francis Xavier University,
P.O. Box 5000, Antigonish, Nova Scotia,
B2G 2W5. Email: aweaver@stfx.ca
Table 1. Descriptive figures for participant FWBR experience
FWBR Experience
Yes 52.5%
No
47.5%
N = 404
Number regarding Lifetime FWBRs M = 2.29
SD = 2.19
N = 207
Age in the
beginning FWBR M = 17.40
SD = 2.04
N = 211
Alcohol/drugs
Yes 52.6%
No 47.4%
Lifetime
quantity of FWBRs M = 2.29
SD = 2.19
N = 211
Overall valence associated with FWBRs M =
3.32
SID =.96
N = 210
Very Negative 4.3%
Somewhat Negative 13.3%
Neutral
37.6%
Somewhat Positive 35.7%
Very Positive 9.0%
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