Nama Kelompok:

Dewi Hardianti
Fahyurinda Erviarismana
Imam Tantowi
Lisa Amalia Sari
Muhammad Firmansyah
Rini Ismi Yanti

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Chapter 2

1. The crystal plane with Miller hkl is a plan defined by the points a 1/h, a2/k,
and a3/l.
a. Two vectors that lie in the plane may be taken as a 1/h a2/k and a1/h a3/l. But each of these vectors gives zero as its scalar product with
G=ha1 + ka2 + la3, so that G mus be perpendicular to the plane hkl.
b. If n^ is the unit normal to the plane, the interplanar spacing is n^
.a1/h. But n^ = G/|G|, whence d(hkl) = G.a1/h|G| = 2/|G|
c. For a simple cubic lattice G = (2/a)(h ^x +k ^y +l ^z ), whence

1
G2
h2 k 2 l 2

d 2 4 2
a2
a2
d 2
h k2 l2

2.

a1 3

a 2 x a 2 y ;

a. Cell volume a1.a2xa3

1
3a
2
1
a1 a 2 x a 3
3a
2
0

1
3a 2 c
2

1
a 2 3 2 a 2 x a 2 y ;

1
a 0
2
1
a 0
2
0 c

a3 cz

b. Primitive translation of the reciprocal lattice

x
y z
a 2 xa3
4
1
1
b1 2

3a
a 0
2
a1 a 2 xa3
2
2
3a c
0
0 c

2
a

x y

b2 2

a1 xa3
4
1

3a
2
a1 a 2 xa3
3a c 2
0

2
3

ax

y z
1
a 0
2
0 c

1
y
2

x
a1 xa2
4
1
b3 2

3a
2
a1 a 2 xa3
2
3a c
1

3a
2
2

z
c

y z
1
a 0
2
1
a 0
2

c. Six vectors in the reciprocal lattice are shown as solid lines. The
broken lines are the pendicular bisectors at the midpoints. The
inscribed hexagon forms the first Brillouin Zone.

3. By definition of the primitive reciprocal lattice vectors:

a xa a3 xa1 a1 xa2 3
VBZ 2 3 2 3
2 / a1 a 2 xa3
a1 a 2 xa3 3

2 Vc
3

For the vector identity, see G. A. Korn and T. M. Korn, Mathematical

handbook for scientists and engineers, McGraw-Hill, 1961, p. 147.

F
4.
M 1

1 exp iM a k
1 exp i a k

xM

M 0

1 xM
1 x

a. This follows by forming

1 exp iM a k 1 exp iM a k
2
F

1 exp i a k
1 exp i a k
1
sin 2 M a k
1 cos M a k
2

1
1 cos a k
sin 2 a k
2
sin

1
2

2 M

b. The first zero in

M8 occurs for
. That is the correct
consideration follows from
1
1
1

sin M h sin Mh cos M cos Mh sin M

2
2
2

Zero as
Mh is
2i x j v1 y j v2 z j v3
an
S v1v 2 v3 f e

5.

111
444
Reffered to an fcc lattice, thr\e basis of diamond is 000;
. Thus in the
product
S v1v 2 v3 S fcc latice x S basis
,
We take the lattice structure factor from (48), and for the basis
S basis 1 e

1
i v1 v2 v3
2

now S(fcc) = 0 only if all indices are eeven or all indices are odd. If all
indices are even structure factor of the basis vanishes unless v 1 + v2 +
v3=4n, where n is an integer. For example, for the reflection (222) we have
S basis 1 e i 3

, and this reflection is forbidden

6.

f G 4r 2 a 0 Gr
3

sin Gr exp 2r a 0 dr

dx x sin x exp 2 x Ga
4 G a 4 Ga 1 r G a
16 4 G a
4 G 3 a0

2 2

2 2

The integral is not difficult; it is given as Dwight 860,81. Observe that f=1
for G=0 and f 1/G4 for Ga0>>1.
7.
1
a
2

a. The basis has one atom A at the origin and one atom B at
. The
a k 2 x
single Laue equation
(integer) defines ae set of parallel
planes in Fourier space. Intersection with a sphere are a set of circles,
so that the diffracted beams lie on a set of cones.
S fA fB
S n f A f B e in
b.
. For n odd,
; for n even,

S n f A f B

c. If

fA fB

the atoms diffract identically, as if the primitive translation

vector were
(integer)

1
2

a and the diffraction condition

a k 2 x
2