18th March Virtual Event - Cloud Introduction Presentation

Presented by IBM developerWorks
ibm.com/developerworks/
An Introduction to Cloud Computing
Dan O'Riordan
IDR, La Gaude
Cloud Computing
2009 IBM Corporation
Agenda
Introduction
Cloud computing services
Principles of openness
Where we go from here
Before the Web

If you wanted to sell things to
the public, you needed a
storefront
Massive cost in real estate,
fixtures, maintenance,
shrinkage
Prohibitive cost to entry
What if
You could have hundreds of millions of storefronts
worldwide?
Without real estate
Without fixtures
Without maintenance
Without shrinkage
With [relatively] zero cost to entry
The Web changed everything
Before the cloud

If you wanted to start an
enterprise, you needed an
IT shop
Massive costs in hardware,
software, power,
administrative staff
Prohibitive cost to entry
What if
You could have unlimited computing resources?
All the processing power you want
All the data storage you want
Data mining whenever you want
Cloud computing will be the biggest change to our

industry since the rise of the Internet
Cloud characteristics
Rapid elasticity
You can go from 5 servers to 50 or from 50 servers to 5
Measured service
You pay for what you use
On-demand self-service
You get elasticity automatically
Ubiquitous network access

You can access the cloud from anywhere
Location-independent resource pooling

You work with virtual machines that could be hosted anywhere
Source: NIST Working Definition of Cloud Computing
7
Youre on the cloud already

If you use Flickr or Facebook or LinkedIn or Twitter or
Backpack or [insert hundreds of other sites here], youre
using the cloud
Cloud is a metaphor for the internet
A selection of cloud components

Software as a Service
Utility Computing
Web Services
Platform as a Service
Managed Service Providers
Service Commerce Platforms
Internet Integration
Source: InfoWorld
9
Comparing cloud to other computing types

Grid computing
Utility computing
Autonomic computing
Source: Whats In A Name? Utility vs. Cloud vs. Grid

10
The evolution to cloud computing
11
The emergence of cloud computing differing

points of view
IT Customers
IT Analysts
Ability to elastically scale resources
at significantly lower
incremental management cost
Ability to elastically
scale resources and maintain
high quality of service
Common Attributes of Clouds

Enhanced user experience
Elastic scaling
Automated provisioning
Highly virtualized
Financial Analysts
End Users
Anywhere access to applications
through a simplified user interface
Rapid time to market

for new services.
Anywhere access to applications
through a simplified user interface
Source: IBM Corporate Strategy analysis of MI, PR, AR and VCG compilations
12
Evolving technologies help businesses continue

to innovate Infrastructure Industrialization of IT
Alternate Client
Devices
Data Center
Pressures
Technologies
Cloud
Web
Web Platforms and
Applications
Application
Technologies
Internet
Information
and E-Commerce
Connectivity
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Business Model
13
Elastic
Services
Data-Intensive
Applications
Networking
Evolving technologies help businesses continue

to innovate Infrastructure Industrialization of IT:
Alternate Client
Devices:
Explosion of form
factors, mobility,
connectedness
Technologies:
Virtualization and
automation
Elastic
Services
Internet
Information
and E-Commerce
Connectivity
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Elastically scalable
global class
infrastructure and
mashable services built
Business Model:
on WOA (e.g., REST,
Advertising
RSS/Atom)
subsidized, venture
funding for service
model
14
Data Center
Pressures:
Growing costs of
power and space,
server sprawl
Cloud
Web
Web Platforms and

Applications:
Standardization and
commoditization (e.g., email), open source
Data-Intensive
Applications:
From massively parallel
(e.g., Google) to large data
files (e.g., YouTube)
Application
Technologies:
From parallel
processing (grid,
MapReduce, Hadoop)
to Web 2.0, SOA
Networking:
Growth in connectivity
and bandwidth
through the Internet
Agenda
Introduction
Resources
15
Cloud services
There are four basic things people are doing in the
cloud:
Machines in the cloud
Storage in the cloud
Databases in the cloud
Applications in the cloud
In addition to these four basics, cloud providers offer

other services such as message queues and data
mining
All of these things are lumped into the generic term
cloud computing
16

Many cloud providers allow you to create a Virtual
Machine (VM) and deploy it in the cloud
Your VM images are stored in cloud storage
You can create as many images as you need
You can automatically start and stop running instances of those
images as needed
This is the simplest way to get started in the cloud,

particularly if youve been using virtualization already
17

Most cloud storage systems are designed as distributed,
redundant systems
Your data are stored on more than one disk in more than one
place
If one part of the system goes down, the rest of the system keeps
going
There should never be a single point of failure is a stated design
goal
But you cant think of cloud storage as just another

hard drive
18

Cloud databases have similar design points
Datasets are distributed for reliability
Some cloud databases support schemas, some dont
Some cloud databases support joins, most dont
Some cloud databases are relational, almost all arent
Some cloud databases are transactional, some arent
19
Other services in the cloud

A number of vendors provide message queuing
services in the cloud
Some queuing services dont let you peek a message, for
example
Cloud data mining services use techniques such as

Hadoop / MapReduce to analyze massive data sets
Techniques that required supercomputers, large data centers and
significant funds a few years ago can now be done for a few
hundred pounds
New businesses and business models will emerge

based on the cost of data mining being reduced by
several orders of magnitude
20
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud

What is Amazon EC2?
aws.amazon.com/ec2
Popular Uses for Amazon EC2
21
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud running IBM

Run many of the proven IBM platform technologies by
the hour as Amazon Machine Images (AMIs)
IBM DB2
IBM Informix
aws.amazon.com/ibm
IBM Lotus Content Management

IBM Mashup Center
IBM WebSphere Application Server
IBM WebSphere sMash
22
Cloud implementation types
23
Cloud computing
Private Cloud
Public Cloud
Client owned and managed.
Service provider owned and

managed.
Access limited to client and its

partner network.
Drives efficiency, standardization
and best practices while retaining
greater customization and
control.
Customization
Efficiency
Delivers select set of standardized

business process, application
and/or infrastructure services on
a flexible pay per use basis.
Standardization
Capital preservation
Security and Privacy

Availability
24
Access by subscription.
Flexibility
Time to deploy
Cloud Computing Center at Wuxi

The municipality of Wuxi, was working to
accelerate Chinas transformation to a
service economy
IBM engaged the municipal government
to develop a virtual data center linking
several companies in a software park
The public cloud implementation, China's
first commercial cloud, enabled by IBM
technology and services will:
Promote growth of software start-ups
across China
Accelerate development and test cycles
Offer secure, network-isolated
environments
Deliver Backup and Restore asset
protection capabilities
25
Cloud Computing in Agriculture

Example from University of Melbourne
Experimental farm using irrigation automation
Irrigating short-term (minutes to hours)
Predict micro-climate for coming week
Predict market in coming months
Interconnection of real-data with climate prediction

Results are promising
Orchid saw 300% increase in profitability
Dairy farm saw 70% increase in profitability
Local commercial dairy farm saw 70% increase in profitability
26
Agenda
Introduction
Resources
27
Cloud services
Can I move my VM elsewhere?

Can I move my data elsewhere?

Can I move my data elsewhere?
Applications in the cloud

Can I run my application elsewhere?
28
Vendor lock-in
If theres a new technology, any talented programmer
will want to use it
Maybe the shiny new thing is appropriate for what were doing
Maybe not
Were probably going to use it anyway
The challenge is to walk the line between using the

newest, coolest thing and avoiding vendor lock-in
29
The Open Cloud Manifesto

A statement of principles for
openness in cloud computing
More than 300 supporters and
growing
Join the Open Cloud
Manifesto
group
Visit opencloudmanifesto.org
30
The principles in action

The Cloud Computing Use
Cases Google group has a
white paper of common use
cases
Join us at groups.google.com/
group/cloud-computing-usecases
Version 2 of the paper is
available at bit.ly/1FXRAH
31
Agenda
Introduction
Resources
32
Issues with the Internet

Its not secure.
I dont want to lose control of my infrastructure.
I dont know how reliable it is.
I dont know if my partners are going to use it.
All of these were important, legitimate issues
With VPNs and other technology, the industry solved these
problems
33
Issues with the cloud

Its not secure.
I dont want to lose control of my infrastructure.
I dont know how reliable it is.
I dont know if my partners are going to use it.
All of these are important, legitimate issues
Weve got some work to do, but the massive economic incentives
mean someone will find a way to solve these problems
34
Key questions to ask

Will cloud computing help create and deliver innovative
business and consumer services to achieve greater
competitive differentiation?
Can cloud computing help to quickly achieve goals for IT
optimization, cost savings and faster time to market?
Is competitive advantage gained by using cloud
computing?
35
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Presented by IBM developerWorks

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

Before the Web

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

The Web changed everything

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

Before the cloud

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

Cloud computing will be the biggest change to our

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

Ubiquitous network access

Location-independent resource pooling

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

Youre on the cloud already

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

A selection of cloud components

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

Comparing cloud to other computing types

Source: Whats In A Name? Utility vs. Cloud vs. Grid

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

The evolution to cloud computing

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

The emergence of cloud computing differing

Common Attributes of Clouds

Rapid time to market

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

Evolving technologies help businesses continue

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

Evolving technologies help businesses continue

Web Platforms and

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks

An Introduction to Cloud Computing

2009 IBM Corporation

Presented by IBM developerWorks