ASSIGNMENT # 1 LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING

Title: Philosophy and Logic: Just What They Are

GUIDE QUESTIONS: (Submission NOVEMBER 25, WEDNESDAY

2015)
1. What is logic? Why is it called science?

2. Differentiate the following term:

a. Natural logic and scientific logic

b. Formal logic and material logic

c. Informal logic and symbolic logic

3. Why is Logic considered an art? Why is it called ars artium?

4. Give the three divisions of logic. Explain each division.

5. Comment on the following arguments:

a. Logic is male subjectivity. Feminist writers claim that the concepts of logic
and rationality have historically oppressed the powerless, i.e., women
b. Logic is incompatible with creativity. Logical reasoning is limited to
consistency and cautious step-by-step reasoning and such process of
thought cannot improve creativity. There is no recipe for inventing new
insights within the laws of logic. Therefore, logic is incommensurate with
creativity.

ASSIGNMENT # 2 LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING

(Submission NOVEMBER 30, MONDAY 2015)

Title: Ideas and Terms

DIRECTIONS:

1. Given here is Montelibanos The dark days ahead. Classify the underlined
terms according to their respective categories
2. Summarize the article. Use the Rubric for Summarizing below.

Score

5
4
3
2
1

Criteria

Summarize the main idea and details succinctly

Use text elements, ideas and key vocabulary in a concise,
thoughtful manner
Include authors purpose
Reflects on a moral, lesson or something I learned.
Summarizes the main idea and some details succinctly
Uses text elements, ideas and key vocabulary
May include authors purpose
May reflect on a moral lesson or something I learned..
Summarize the main idea concisely
May give some details
Uses key vocabulary
May include minor inaccuracies
Retells the text and alludes to the main idea
Uses vocabulary
Has a sense of order
May include some inaccuracies
Retells the text with some inaccuracy
May be out of sequence
Includes some inaccuracies (details, etc)

3. Give a three-line comment on the article expressing your agreement or disagreement.

THE DARK DAYS AHEAD

Jose Ma. Montelibano
Philippine Daily Inquirer
03/082010
The very exercise which citizens depend on to effect change has become
one of the most suspect. I speak of elections, automated or otherwise, and the
Commission On Elections or COMELEC.
The very body which stands as the last resort before justice is totally abused
cannot sustain a high credibility with the people. I speak of the Supreme Court.
The very institution mandated to protect the republic and the democracy it
has chosen to stand on is seen as a tool of its own commander-in chief who has
achieved being the most unpopular and trustworthy of all Philippine presidents.
What, then, does the future hold for us? How, then, can decaying morals
and ethics find a fresh whiff of integrity and nobility? How much lower can a
people and nation fall before the shame of dishonesty and thievery awakens the
comatose integrity and honor of the Filipino race?
Last week, I asked if Filipinos are for sale. Comments from readers mostly
said that, indeed Filipinos are for sale.
With so many things workings against hope and change, the near future does
not look bright at all. In fact, there seems to be only dark days ahead. People have
caused to be alarmed when hope for change is dampened by the vulgar use of
money to buy a people favor, the vulgar use of power and authority insist on one
ways even if, like fart, it emits a foul odor although invisible.
Billions are being spent, and more will follow, to get the poor to believe in
propaganda. Yet, the hunger of the poor is real, with the last quarter of 2009
registering the worst hunger incidence in people deliberately led to fantasize,
hoping to win money and houses in game shows. The billion for food do not come,
only billions to further blind the minds of the hungry from the truth of scandalous
spending in the face of the shameful need.
One year ago, a black man defied the odds, history and culture to win the
presidency of the champion of democracy. The world celebrated what could pass
as miraculous. The world found an icon symbolizing change. Fiipinos were not an
exception. Many looked to Barack Obama as the antithesis of Gloria Macapagal
Arroyo and hope he would continue to ostracize her as he seemed to do in the
beginning. They may have been right, but incompletely so.

Filipinos must slap themselves on the face to jolt themselves out of a

romantic stupor and illusion. America, as any proud and powerful country would
be. It would be par for the course if the United States openly moved to protect or
promote its own interests. However, the United States also tries to pose as hero of
democracy, an image that challenges the US government endlessly. Democracy is
a noble state. It is not achieved by gimmickry or image building. It is the
hypocrisy of the America government, including its highest officers in the White
House, that comes into play when it is not honest enough to admit it wants to load
the dice in its favor.
Those who believed that Barack Obama is the antithesis of Gloria Arroyo
may have been right, but they failed to understand that the US presidency is
hostage to US interests, even if such interests counter democratic principles.
America must want something in the Philippines that overrides its desire to be
known as seen as the global statue of liberty. This can be the only reason why
Obama would turn from cold to warm in his treatment of Gloria Arroyo.
The desire of America for the Philippines has many motivations and
permutations. But if one will take a map of the world, a map of Asia, and a map of
the Philippines, there will be many hints as to the strategic location of our
beautiful islands. If one has the eye of the satellites and can penetrate the earth and
water, more hints will be discovered. Defense and natural resources are critical
benefits that powerful countries do not usually disregard.
Exploited from within by traitors and exploited from the outside by sharks,
the motherland has no choice but lean on her children who have not forgotten the
wisdom of their forefathers and the bravery of their warriors. How much honor and
pride remains alive in the hearts of Filipinos, most especially the poor, the weak
the sick and the hungry? Can those who need the most find a buried nobility and
bravery to rise against injustice and apathy?
There are few who do not believe that the older generation will long enough
to see change take root in our society. They choose to lean on pessimism and
despair, pointing to negative instance of reality which has dominated our political
landscape. What they have seen is true and now forms a part of our history. Yet,
what they have not seen is true as well, the idealism of the young, their emerging
nobility, and a deep- seated desire to build a better world.
Technology and mobility have allowed Filipinos to see what the rest of the
world have, or do not have. Filipinos see the best and the worst, a comparison of

which prods them to go for the light against prevailing darkness. And when
Filipinos as a people feel impotent or afraid to risk change of any kind than no
change at all, they witness other people around the world face death rather than
live in perpetual fear. Fear is more easily set aside when there are models of
heroism to show the fearful of options open to them.
This is what I believe, that the attraction of the light will make us reject the
darkness, that the promise of dignity and honor will weigh more heavily than the
fear of pain or death, that our young will respond to an inner calling for heroism
and generosity more than the temptation of power and wealth. There are dark days
ahead, but the will seed the burst of sunlight of a new beginning.

ASSIGNMENT # 3 LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING

Title: Definition

(Submission DECEMBER 7, MONDAY 2015)

I.

DIRECTIONS: Given here is the definiens. You are asked to give the
definiendum. CLUE: the answer to each item starts with the enclosed
letter.

__________1.(K) a panel of keys that operate a computer or a typewriter.

__________2. (D) The spiritual head of a Tibetan Buddhism
__________3. (M) A man who is aggressively proud of his masculinity
__________4. (M) anything that is incomprehensible to human reason
__________5. (T) a game in which two players seek in alternate turns to
complete a row, a column, or a diagonal with either three Os or three Xs
drawn in the spaces of a grid of nine squares.
__________6. (H) a member of an imaginary race similar to humans, of small
size and with hairy feet, in stories by J.R.R Tolkien
__________7. (P) known for having long nose that become longer when he
tells a lie.
__________8. (W) a childs word for urine
__________9. (Q) a soft baggy area of land that gives way underfoot
__________10. (O) in Greek Mythology, the home of the 12 principal gods.
II.

DIRECTIONS: Construct definition for the following terms by matching the

definiendum with the appropriate genus and difference. (Note: start with the
column under difference followed by the genus.) Write only the number.

DEFINIENDUM

DEFINIENS
GENUS
DIFFERENCE

_______1. Bachelor
_______2 Banquet
_______3 Boy
_______4 Child
_______5 Daughter
_______6 Father
_______7 Fiance
_______8 Fiancee
_______9 Giant
______10 Girl
______11 Husband
______12 Hut
______13 Mansion
______14 Midget
______15 Mother
______16 Sister
______17 snack
______18 son
______19 Spinster
______20 Wife
______21 Lesbian
______22 Gay
______23 Widow
______24 Widower

1 Offspring
2 House
3 Man
4 Meal
5Parent
6 Sibling
7Woman
8 Wife
9 Husband

1 Engaged
2 Female
3 Male
4 Married
5 Unmarried
6 Very large
7 Very small
8 Young
9 Homosexual
10 Bereaved

ASSIGNMENT # 4 LOGIC AND CRITICAL THINKING

Title: Categorical Proposition (Submission????)
DIRECTIONS: LETS COUNT!

A. Given here is a square with sixteen boxes (16) boxes. You are asked to write the number of your
choice that corresponds to the given clues in the alphabetized column
B. Remember this: The sum of every four (4 numbers) horizontally and vertically is equivalent to
only one and the same number
C. It is your task to discover whether numbers are repeated or not.

A
E
I
M

B
F
J
N

C
G
K
O

D
H
L
P

Column A

Column B

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
O.
P.

0 present
1. Contrary, subcontrary
2. Judgment
3. I-proposition
4. EO-proposition
5. IO- proposition
6. Past
7. Contradictory
8. Doubtful
9. Quality
10. True
11. A-proposition
12. O-proposition
13. E-proposition
14. Sub-altern
15. Terms
16. False
17. simple apprehension
18. quantity
19. declarative
20. AI-proposition

Affirmative, negative
Sub-contrary
Different quality, different quantity
Affirmative, universal
Determined by the subject
Prop. must always be in the ___tense
Sub-contrary of I
Its product is a proposition
Sub-altern, negative
Same quality, different quantity
Affirmative, particular
Sub-altern of I
Same quantity, different quality
Negative universal
If A is true, I is_______
If A is false, I is______