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REF NO:
G1409--RL7830J350A
PREPARED
CHECKED
APPROVED
SKA
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KR
TITLE:
PAGE 02 OF 06
DATE
21-02-2016
S = I x SQRT(t) / k
S = AREA OF CONDUCTOR IN Sq.mm
I = EARTH FAULT CURRENT IN AMPS
t = EARTH FAULT CLEARING TIME IN secs.
k = SQRT(( Qc x (B+20)/delta20) x ln ( 1+ (Qf-Qi)/(B+Qi)))
Qc = Volumetric Heat capacity of conductor ( J / oC mm3 )
B = Reciprocal of Temp.Coefft. of Resistivity ( oC )
delta20 = Electrical Resistivity of conductor at 20 oC ( Ohm.mm )
Qi = Initial Temperature of Conductor ( oC )
Qf = Final Temperature of Conductor ( oC )
I=
31500 amps
t=
Qc =
1 sec
0.00345 J / C mm3
B=
delta20 =
234.5 C
0.000020 Ohm.mm
Qi =
40 C
Qf =
700 C
k=
=
S=
=
50 x 6
Copper Flat
10 %
(Which is the minimum size specified in the specification)
REF NO:
CHECKED
APPROVED
SKA
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KR
TITLE:
Soil Resistivity p
9.32 Ohm.m
2000 Ohm.m
23625 AMPS
Conductor Size
50 x 6 Copper Flat
SOLID
Equivalent diameter
0.0195 m
Length of Substation
40 m
Breadth of Substation
40 m
10
10
10
Spacing of conductors D
4.5 m
#VALUE! m
Area of Grid
#VALUE! sq.m
Depth of burial
Ag
h
hs
0.5 m
0.08 m
Total No of electrodes m
15 Nos
Length of electrode
3 m
45 m
Diameter of electrodes d1
20 mm
1 sec
PAGE 03 OF 06
DATE
21-02-2016
33 kV
System Grounding
G1409--RL7830J350A
PREPARED
REF NO:
G1409--RL7830J350A
PREPARED
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APPROVED
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PAGE 04 OF 06
DATE
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=
=
1 - a * { ( 1- p/ps) / ( 2 * hs + a) }
Refer page 41 IEEE 80 - 1986
0.106 m
1 - 0.106*{( 1 - 9 / 2000 ) / ( 2 * 0.08 + 0.106 ) }
Cs = 0.6034
Etouch = (1000 + 1.5 * 0.6034 * 2000 ) * 0.116 / SQRT( 1.0 )
=
325.97 Volts
Tolerable Step Potential
(BASED ON IEEE 80 - 2000 CHAPTER 8)
Estep = ( 1000 + 6.0 *Cs * ps ) * 0.116 / SQRT(ts)
For body weight of 50 kg
Estep = (1000 + 6.0 * 0.6034 * 2000 ) * 0.116 / SQRT( 1.0 )
=
955.88 Volts
Mesh Potential Attainable
(BASED ON IEEE 80 - 2000 CHAPTER 16)
Emesh = ( p * Km * Ki * I ) / ( Lc + 1.15 * Lr )
Km
Kii
Kh
ho
Kh
=
=
=
SQRT ( 1+ h/ho)
1.00 m
( reference depth of grid)
SQRT( 1 + 0.500 / 1.0 ) =
1.2247
Km =
1/ (2 * 22/7) * { ln [ 4.5^2/ (16 * 0.500 * 0.02 ) + (4.5 + 2 * 0.500 ) ^2 /( 8 * 4.5 * 0.02) - 0.500/ ( 4 * 0.02) ]
+ 1.00 / 1.2247 * ln [ 8 / (22/7 * (2 * 10.00 - 1 ) ) ] }
= 0.5523
Ki = 0.644 + 0.148 * n
=
0.644 + 0.148 *10
= 2.1240
Emesh = #VALUE!
= #VALUE! Volts
Step Potential Attainable
(BASED ON IEEE 80 - 2000 CHAPTER 16)
Estep =
( p * Ks * Ki * I ) / ( Lc + 1.15xLr )
Ks
1 / * { 1 / (2 * h) + 1 / (D + h) + 1 / D * (1- 0.5^(n-2) ) }
n
Ks
= 10
(Higher of the no.of grids in X & Y direction)
= ( 1 / 22/7 ) * { 1 / (2 * 0.500 ) + 1 / ( 4.5 + 0.500 ) + 1 / 4.5 * ( 1 - 0.5^(10 - 2 ) }
= 0.4522
Estep =
#VALUE!
=
#VALUE! Volts
REF NO:
PREPARED
CHECKED
SKA
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Comparison of Tolerable Etouch & Estep and Attainable Emesh & Estep
Tolerable Etouch =
325.97 Volts
Tolerable Estep =
955.88 Volts
Attainable Emesh =
#VALUE! Volts
Attainable Estep =
#VALUE! Volts
G1409--RL7830J350A
PAGE 05 OF 06
APPROVED
DATE
21-02-2016
KR
REF NO:
G1409--RL7830J350A
PREPARED
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APPROVED
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PAGE 06 OF 06
DATE
21-02-2016
K1 =
Re =
1.37
Refer Fig 25A page 67 IEEE 80 - 2000
9 / (2 * 15 * 22/7 * 3 ) * [ ln (8 * 3 / 20 / 1000 )) - 1 + 2 * 1.37 *
#VALUE!
=
#VALUE!
Ohms
RESISTANCE OF GROUND GRID
p / ( * Lc) * [ ln (2 * Lc / h') + K1 *( Lc / SQRT(A)) - K2 ]
Rs =
K1
1.37
K2 =
h'
=
5.7
Refer Fig 25B page 67 IEEE 80 - 2000
SQRT(d * h)
=
SQRT(0.02 * 0.50)
=
0.0988
Rs =
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
=
#VALUE!
Ohms
MUTUAL RESISTANCE BETWEEN GROUND GRID AND GROUND RODS
p /( * Lc) * [ln (2 * Lc / l) + K1 * (Lc / SQRT(A)) - K2 + 1]
Rse =
K1
K2 =
Rse =
1.37
5.7
#VALUE!
#VALUE!
=
#VALUE!
Ohms
COMBINED RESISTANCE OF GROUND GRID AND GROUND RODS
Rg =
Rg =
=
CONCLUSION
Hence the design adopted meets the specification requirement with respect to
i) STEP & TOUCH POTENTIAL
ii) COMBINED RESISTANCE OF GRID & GROUND RODS < 1.0 OHM
NOTE
The conductors shall be uniformly distributed in area of 57m x 46m (Extended on both sides by 0.5M) leaving
the space for building area of 38m x 27m.
i.e. Earth mat conductor as per above calculation shall be laid in s/s around the building adopting the calculated
spacing.