Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
a)- Woodwind:
A woodwind instrument is a musical instrument which produces sound when the player blows air
against a sharp edge (borde, canto afilado= bisel) or through a reed, causing a column of air to
vibrate. The instrument itself does not vibrate.
Most of these instruments are made of wood but can be made of other materials, such as metals or
plastics. Flutes, clarinets or bassoons are all examples of woodwind instruments.
Summary: The woodwind section of the orchestra is the group of instruments that are mostly made
of wood or metal and are played by blowing.
a. Flute: is a musical instrument of the woodwind group, shaped like a thin pipe (tubo, caa).
Flutes produce sound from the flow (corriente) of air across an opening
or across an edge (borde, canto).
A musician who plays the flute is called flutist, flute player or flautist.
Aside from the voice, flutes are the earliest known musical instruments.
Some examples date to about 40,000 to 35,000 years ago.
The fipple/ducted flutes have a duct (conducto) that directs the air onto the edge, and this
is termed a fipple. Some examples are: the whistle, the recorder or the ocarina.
Tin whistles
Pea whistle
Ocarina
The side-blown or transverse flutes, such as the Western concert flute or the piccolo.
Flutists hold the transverse flutes sideways and blows across a hole on the side of the tube
to produce a tone, instead of blowing on an end of the tube.
b. Single-reed instruments:
A reed is a tall plant like grass that grows in or near water. In music, its a small thin piece of cane,
metal or plastic in some musical instruments such as the oboe or the clarinet that moves very
quickly when air is blown over it, producing a sound.
Oboes reed
Saxophones reeds
The saxophone was invented by the Belgian Adolphe Sax in 1841. He designed two groups
of seven instruments each. Each series consisted of instruments of various sizes in
alternating transposition. The simplest design of saxophone is a straight conical tube, (the
sopranino and soprano saxophones are usually of this straight design). The rest are curved:
the end of the instrument points upward.
The person who plays sax is a saxophonist.
Recorder
Clarinet
Ocarina
Mouthpieces clarinet
Panflute or panpipe
Bass clarinet
Saxophone alto
The sax family: from largest to smallest contrabass, bass, baritone, tenor,
C-melody, alto, F mezzo-soprano, soprano, C-soprano, sopranino.