Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Flow Measurement
Flow rate is expressed as either volume flow
per unit time or mass flow per unit time
In Cartesian coordinates:
In cylindrical coordinates:
Venturi meter
Flow nozzles
Orifice Meter
It consists of a circular plate, containing a hole
(orifice)
The plate is inserted into a pipe such that the
orifice is concentric with the pipe inside
diameter
Among the variety of designs, the squareedged orifice is common
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Venturi Meter
A venturi meter consists of a smooth
converging contraction to a narrow throat
followed by a shallow diverging section
The divergent section angle is 7 or 15. The
meter is inserted between two flanges
intended for this purpose
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The product
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Flow Nozzles
ASME Long-Radius Nozzle
Sonic Nozzle
A flow nozzle consists of a gradual contraction
to a narrow throat. It needs less installation
space and is cheaper than a venturi meter
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Sonic Nozzles
Sonic nozzles are used to meter and to control
the flow rate of a compressible gas. For flow
reaching speed of sound (sonic flow) at the
throat , the mass flow through the nozzle
reaches a maximum for the given inlet
conditions. For choked flow, the critical
pressure ratio is
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Rotameters
Turbine Meters
Positive-Displacement Meters
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Or,
and ,
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