ELECTRO-TECHNOLOGY

(EEE 111)
EXPERIMENT 3
INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND DEVICES

Name & Matrix Number :

1) Ahmad Syahir bin Berahim
2) Ahmad Zulfikry bin Ramly
3) Mohd Hisyam Fikri bin Alias

2013255082
2013829924
2013873102

Group : EEE1111I
Date Performed :
Date of Submission : 18.07.2013
Lecturers Name :

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INDEX

Objective
Materials
Procedure
Discussion
Conclusion

Page
3
3
3-6
7
7

Objectives

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1. To indentify electronics components such as resistor, capacitor, semiconductor, devices

and transformers.
2. To understand the electronics devices characteristics.

Materials and Equipment

1.
2.
3.
4.

Multimeter ( analog and digital )

Diode ( any value )
Transistor NPN and PNP
Transformer voltage step down ( 12 0 12 )

Procedure
a) Diode Testing
1. Construct the circuit as shown in figure below, set the multimeter as ohmmeter, what
is the meter reading?
Answer : 13.1M
2. Reverse the leads and read the meter again. What is the meter reading?
Answer : Infinity,
3. What can you conclude from this experiment?
Answer : could be in one direction allowed
4. Draw the symbol of a diode and label the cathode and the anode.
Answer :

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b) Transistor Testing
1. Refer to figure 3.8 and identify the pin B, C and E. The pin B is always assumed as
the one in the middle. If you do not know the transistor connection, consult a data
book.
2. Set the multimeter as ohmmeter. Clip the positive meter lead to pin B.
3. Touch the other lead onto the collector pin (C), read the resistance Rbc.
4. With the positive meter probe still clipped to B, touch the other probe onto the emitter
pin (E) to read the resistance Rbr. The readings should both be the same, either both
are high resistance or both are low resistance. Record your readings (either high or
low) in table.
5. Now reverse the probe and repeat the procedure to find the resistance Rcb and Reb.
The results should be the opposite of those obtained before. Record your reading in
table.
6. Measure the resistance Rec and Rce between emitter and collector. It should read high
resistance in both directions. Record your reading in table.

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Resistance
High or

Rbe
High

Ohmmeter Readings of Test Transistor

Reb
Rbc
Rcb
Low
High
Low

Rce
Low

Rec
High

Low

Reference Ohmmeter Reading for Transistor Checking

pnp
High
npn
Low*
*Between 1 and 10.

Low
High
Low
High
High**
Low
High
High
**A thousand or more times the low impedance.

High
High

Indicate yout transistor type (NPN or PNP) by comparing your result with table.
Answer : Transistor PNP

c) Testing a step-down transformer

1. Identify the primary and secondary terminals of the transformer.
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2. Using the ohmmeter, measure the resistance of every primary and secondary lead to
the chassis. This reading should be very high, hundreds of kilo ohms or preferably
mega ohms. A low reading here indicates a short to the transformer core, meaning that
the transformer is dead.
What is your resistance reading? Answer :
3. Measure the resistance of the primary winding. This reading should be low but no
0. If it is not, the transformer is dead.
Transformer is bad (short circuit) if resistance equal to zero.
Transformer is bad (open circuit) if resistance is too high.
What is your resistance reading? Answer : 0.21k
4. Measure the resistance of the secondary winding. For step-down transformer, the
resistance should be less than the resistance reading at primary winding.
Transformer is bad (short circuit) if resistance is too low.
Transformer is bad (open circuit) if resistance is too high.
What is your resistance reading? Answer : 2.45
5. From your measurement, identify whether your transformer is good or bad.
Answer : Good

Discussion
-

Diode
While doing this experiment, I cannot distinguish positive terminal and negative
terminal. After learning, the negative terminal must have a symbol.
Transistor
Transistors have three terminals of base, emitters and collectors. During this
experiment, we do not know want to park at the transistor terminal of the positive

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terminal transistor. After obtaining the evidence, we have learned that the letter

referred to his feet first is the positive leg.

Step-down Transformer
We cannot distinguish which one side uses the step-up transformers and any other
use of the step-down transformers. After described in detail, low voltage to high
voltage is the step-up transformers and high voltage to low voltage step-down
transformers.

Conclusion
We feel good about being able to do this experiment with successfully. We hope we
can use in future experimental tests. We are starting to know a bit about electrical
components such as diode, transistors and transformers.

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