Chapter l

INRODUCTION
Background of the Study
The grade of the students is the one of the essential qualities and
products of school works. It reflects how much the students have learned in
various courses or subjects. It also shows which subjects or courses the students
are feeble or stand out, because of it, grades will help the Professors to guide
and facilitate the students learning development. Although it does not actually
determine how much good education is acquire by the students but having a
good grades is one of the particular and concrete things society uses to judge
what future accomplishments the students can attain. Thus, students grades
must be well distributed to them.
At every end of the semester, students claim for their grades. The
traditional procedure of releasing grades is always used; students need to go
directly to their respective college registrar in order to acquire their progress or
report card and other colleges post their grades in their websites. These methods
of acquiring and delivering students grades are inconvenient, tiresome and at
some instances are time consuming.
To ease these difficulties in knowing the grades, a system using SMS Or
Short Message Service will be used. Since mobile phone seems to be positive
feature which most individuals posses, and take almost in all places with them, it
is therefore and extremely effective means of transporting information to them
quicker and easier. Short Message Service (SMS) is the text communication
service component of phone, web or mobile communication systems, using

standardized communications protocols that allow the exchange of short text

messages between fixed line or mobile phone devices.
The SMS Based Grade Inquiry will relieve the dilemmas in getting or
acquiring the students grades. It easy and fast to set up.
Thus, innovation have made possible for the operation of the computer
easy enough in processing record systems such as, creation of the data records,
storing , filling and retrieval of data. The Sultan Kudarat State University,
Kalamansig Campus has increased in students population at the same time, the
number of works of the registrar and the students grades to be processed has
also increased. One of the responsibilities of the registrar office is too keep the
students grades data secured for their records and purposes.
The SKSU are manually distributed grades of the students, they are
using database in encoding grades. The registrar office encode the grades of the
students once the instructors submitted their report card. The registrar office will
released the grades after they encode and the students can get their grades
from the registrar office.
An grading Inquiry System via SMS of SKSU Kalamansig Campus
through Short Messaging Service provides efficient and accurate grade reports.
On the other hand, it intends to perform the following operations; study and
develop the manual operation by the office of the registrar; find out what are the
circumstances causes the delay of releasing the grades; minimize the consumed
in searching for the grades of the students in the filling and retrieval of

Statement of the Problem

The researcher will attempt to design and develop inquiry system which
wants to enhance process and flow of the old system. The grade will directly
encode in the system hold by the registrar coming from the instructors/
instructress. Students can also inquire their grades anywhere and anytime in just
one way in using SMS.
General

The manual encoding, submission and distribution of students grades of

SKSU Kalamansig Campus.

Specific

The long process of inquiry grades are tiresome and at some instances

are time consuming and costly.

The students need to go directly to their respective registrar in order to

inquire their grades.

The Instructors need to go to the Registrar just to encode the grades.

Significance of the Study

This study was made to find out that the use of online- based
system will lessen the time for the transaction of encoding and releasing

the grades of the students. Also in using this system it can recognize the
person involve in this study.
This study will benefit the following person:
Students of SKSU Kalamansig Campus - it can help them to inquire their
grades in a more efficient way. They can get their summary of grades
through SMS.
Registrar of SKSU Kalamansig Campus - it can help them to lessen their
tasks in preparing of summary of grades of the students.
To the Parents/Guardians it can help them to monitor the grades of their
children.
To the future Researchers it can help them as a guide to enhance more
from their future thesis.

Objectives
General
To develop a system that will lessen the registrars tasks .
Specific

To test a system that can able to send grades automatically.

To evaluate a system that will shorten the process of inquiry of

grades.

To implement a system that can inquire grades via SMS.

Scope and Limitation

The study on Grade Inquiry via sms is intended only for the use of Sultan
Kudarat State University, Kalamansig Campus
authority

to add, edit, view, delete and print

Registrar office
summary

that has an

grades with the

permission of the instructor and particularly for the students that can inquire
grades via SMS By entering a verification code from mobile phone. The said
study cannot be used for conversation, no capability of handling delayed
messages, and cannot accept landline number in registration for the students as
their contact number.
This study was conducted at SKSU Kalamansig Campus, Sultan Kudarat
from December 2014 to March 2015.

Definiton of Terms
Computer - an electronic device that manipulates information of data of
students. It has the ability to store and process data of every transaction.
Database

is systematically organized or structured repository of

indexed information (usually as a group of linked data files) that allows

easy retrieval, updating, analysis, and output of data.
Encode to convert (a message) from a plain text into a code .
Grades an accepted level or standard.
Inquiry a seeking for information by asking questions.
Mobile - of or relating to cellular phones, handheld computers, and similar
technology.
SMS Short Message Service (SMS) Is the text communication service
component of phone, web or mobile communication system, using
standardized communications protocols that allow the exchange of short
text messages between fixed line and mobile phone devices.
Text messaging - the sending of short messages by mobile phone.
Technology - is the collection of techniques, methods or processes used
in the production of goods or services or in the accomplishment of
objectives, such as scientific investigation.

Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
SMS is widely used in the medical field since it is not only instantaneous,
accessible and mobile, but also cost effective. Computer and online
access is not needed, and given that physicians have to make rapid
decisions. SMS provide the brevity and immediacy they need. Urgent
medical advice could now then be sought. (A.M. Dykimching, 2000)
SMS has may uses not only in schools but also in medical fields. Its
importance nowadays is highly appreciated since they are used as a
mean of communication without the use of the other devices and also a
cost effective one since Telecompany give out affordable cards for use in
text messaging.
As a direct marketing tool, electronic Short Message Services (SMS) is
likely to surpass internet-based advertising before the end of 2006.
Younger consumers higher in social class are the most willing to accept
SMS direct advertising text and respond favorably to SMS TV integrated
marketing communications (Trappey lll & Woodside, 2005 ).
Teenagers are the ones who use SMS frequently, almost time to
time. Since text messaging becomes famous. It happened that this is the
most convenient way of communicating to each other.
Although more advance technologies, such as as GPRS, allow faster
data transmission, it is not always reliable in developing countries, where
SMS is predominantly used. It is therefore important to look into the
feasibility by using SMS in transporting different types of data. Its
nationwide coverage, affordability, security, and compatibility of with future

technology upgrades, are some of the many factors why GSM-SMS

network has been deemed ideal for information transmission.(J.A.A Lee
2000).
In develop[ing country, they used GSM SMS network because it is more
reliable in terms of data transmission. Nowadays, this kind of network has
dominated many countries because of its hand lines and most of all, it is
ideal transferring and inquiring information.
Mobile Education Services Based on SMS and Their Architecture
Comparison
Wireless mobile application can be differentiated by two underlying
technology platforms: wireless web-based technology, such as Wireless
Application Protocol (WAP), Text Based Technology or Short Message
Services (SMS). SMS Is a basic and common feature given by cellular
operators to users. To use WAP feature, users have to activate GPRS
facility and they have to use mobile which has WAP capability.
Local Literature
The advent of text messaging made possible new forms of interaction
that were not possible before. A person may now carry out a conversation
with another user without the constraint of being expected to reply within a
short amount of time and without needing to set time aside to engage in
conversation. Mobile phone users can maintain communication during
situations in which voice call is impractical, impossible, or unacceptable.
Texting has provided a venue for parcipatory culture, allowing viewers to
vote in online and TV polls, as well as receive information on the move.
Texting can also bring people together and create a sense of community

through Smart Mobs or Net War , which create people power . (PC
Magazine, August 2000).
Through the use of SMS we can communicate to other people at no
time and anywhere around the globe. As we all know that people just love
to say what they think and texting is means that we can participate in
online TV polls.
Texting has also been linked as a secondary source in numerous
traffic collisions, in which police investigations of mobile phone records
have found that many drivers have lost control of their cars while
attempting to sent or retrieve a text message. Increasing cases of Internet
Addiction are now also being linked to text messaging, as mobile phones
are one more likely to have e-mail and Web capabilities to complement
the ability to text . Because mobile phones is widely use, most of the
mobile company enhance it where you can surf the internet. That is why
we cant stop using it, and it caused a lot of accident because of the
irresponsible user.

Foreign Studies
Davis (1989) uses Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) measure
perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and user acceptance of
information technology. Davis et al (1989) compared Theory of Reasoned
(TRA) and ( TAM) in terms of user acceptance of Computer Technology.
Both of the studies were conducted in an organizational context.
Nevertheless, Yan et al. (2006) used TAM to measure user
acceptance of short message service (SMS) in Hong Kong and China and

recommended that in order to formulate a successful business strategy for

a specific market, a mobile operator has to conduct a comprehensive
study and identify the key external factors that will affect the perceived
usefulness, perceived eased of used, and subjective norms towards
acceptance of that particular service in a specific market Baron et al.
(2006) indicated the need of further research into the importance of the
messaging

as a social and cultural practice in everyday lives, with

emphasis with addictive behaviors, learning and development of

repertoires

of

communication

skills

by

increasingly

sophisticated

consumers, and feelings of exclusion by non- participants through

qualitative research approach that reflect upon consumer text message
short message service (SMS) behavior .
Nysveen et al. (2005) combine

various

theoretical

fields

(Information system research, Uses and gratification research ; and

domestic an research ) and indicated that marketing managers should be
aware of motivational variables, such as perceived ease of used, in
additional to consumers attitude toward use, normative pressure, and
behavioral control for future research.
Local Studies
SMS is short message service is extensively used in the commercial
environment. With its applications varying from financial services such as
credit card debits and account payment notification to advertising.
Similarly, municipal governments could create a menu of e services that
citizens will value. This becomes a double propositions with advances in
mobile internet technology.

Conceptual framework

Input
Students

Process
and

Output

Add, edit, delete and

save of grades and

Instructors Information

subjects to database.

Subject Description

Distribution of grades
Students Grades
Students

Inquiry

Grades via SMS

to students database
of

encoded by Registrar
Sending

SMS

Message of Student
Grades

Inquiry of grades via

SMS
Summary of Grades

Budgetary Requirement
Quantity

Unit

Specification

UnitCost(Php)

Total
Coast

Set

Computer Specification:
Monitor: ASUS 18.5LED
HDD:Seagate Barracuda 500GB
Memory: Kingston 4GB DDR3
VideoCard:NVIDIAGeForce
GT210 1GB
Motherboard: ASUS Socket
Processor: Intel Core i3 3.10Ghz
ODD: Samsung Dual-Layer
Keyboard:A4Tech
USB Keyboard
Mouse:A4Tech USB Mouse
UPS: Smart UPS 15 Minutes
AVR: Logic 500 Watts
W/OperatingSystem:MSWindows7
Ultimate

30,000.00

Sub Total
1
Sub Total
Grand Total

30,000.00
30,000.00

Sofware(MicrosoftWindows
XP/7/8)

2,500.00

25,000.0
0
25,000.00
P
35,000.00

Context Diagram

Admin

Student Record

SKSU
Encode Student Grade Kalamansig
Campus Grade
Inquiry via SMS

Student Inquiry

Student Grade

Student

Data Flow Diagram

1

Admin

Encode Student

Record
Student Grade
Grade

D1
Student
Student Record.
Grade

Student Details
Information

Generate
Student
Grade

Student

Student

Inquiring Grade Inquiring

Student
Grade

Generate
Student
Grade

D2

Student Information
Grade

Student

Student Record

Student Information

D3
Student
Grade

Chapter lll
Methodology

RESEARCH LOCALE
This place or setting of the study was conducted in Sultan Kudarat State
University, Kalamansig Campus, Kalamansig Sultan Kudarat. And the data and
information was also taken from the said settings.
RESEARCH DESIGN
The research mode of the study is true experimental and descriptive or survey
research. It is because the proposed system is the product of experimental study
of how the existing system can improve by using a mobile phone. It is also a
descriptive or survey research based on the datas and information that was
gathered through surveys and interviews.
Tools and Materials
This study utilized the following Hardware requirements, one (1)complete
set of functional computer, display monitor, Software requirements Microsoft
Windows Operating System (Windows XP).
Research Process
Data Gathering and Procedure

The researcher conducted cyber research to create the system in

accordance to SKSU Kalamansig Campus, Kalamansig Sultan Kudarat . In this
phase the researcher had some other literatures coming from the library, related
articles, some informative papers that would help to develop the said system
which is the system grades inquiry via sms.
Strategy and Planning
The descriptive method of research will be used for this study. The researcher
planned a strategic way for the benefits of Sultan Kudarat State University. First,
gathered information and conducted an interview to seek permission for the
implementation of the system. A software requirement for development of the
Grade Inquiry via sms will be identified and will be utilized in order to make the
system into reality. Other related data and studies were also gathered to support
the proposed system. Interview will be also done to have some information on
problems occurring in the distribution of grades. A questionnaire will be also used
to evaluate the system.
Requirement Analysis
After the researcher gathered all information needed in Sultan Kudarat
State University, they analyzed the system in developing new model from the
existing system of the institution. They reviewed well all the necessary
requirements to meet the desired idea for the new system to be developed.

Design and Development

SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIES GANTT CHART

December
List of
Activities
Planning and
Problem
Identification
Date Gathering
and Analysis
Designing
Documentation
Chapter 1
Chapter 2
Chapter 3

January
4

February
3

March
4