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  • Watchtower: New World Translation of The Old Testament Volume 5, 1960

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    759 Ansichten243 Seiten
    New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures - Rendered from the Original Language by the New World Bible Translation Committee Volume 5 - A.D. 1960 In October 1946, the president of the Watch Tower Society, Nathan H. Knorr, proposed a fresh translation of the New Testament, which Jehovah's Witnesses usually refer to as the Christian Greek Scriptures. Work began on December 2, 1947 when the "New World Bible Translation Committee" was formed, composed of Jehovah's Witnesses who claimed to be anointed. The Watch Tower Society is said to have "become aware" of the committee's existence a year later. The committee agreed to turn over its translation to the Society for publication and on September 3, 1949, Knorr convened a joint meeting of the board of directors of both the Watch Tower Society's New York and Pennsylvania corporations where he again announced to the directors the existence of the committee and that it was now able to print its new modern English translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures. Several chapters of the translation were read to the directors, who then voted to accept it as a gift. The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures was released at a convention of Jehovah's Witnesses at Yankee Stadium, New York, on August 2, 1950. The translation of the Old Testament, which Jehovah's Witnesses refer to as the Hebrew Scriptures, was released in five volumes in 1953, 1955, 1957, 1958, and 1960. The complete New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures was released as a single volume in 1961, and has since undergone minor revisions.] Cross references which had appeared in the six separate volumes were updated and included in the complete volume in the 1984 revision. In 1961 the Watch Tower Society began to translate the New World Translation into Dutch, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish; the New Testament in these languages was released simultaneously on July 1963 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. By 1989 the New World Translation was translated into eleven languages, with more than 56,000,000 copies printed.

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    Watchtower: New World Translation of the Old Testament Volume 5 , 1960

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    New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures - Rendered from the Original Language by the New World Bible Translation Committee Volume 5 - A.D. 1960 In October 1946, the president of the Watch Tower Society, Nathan H. Knorr, proposed a fresh translation of the New Testament, which Jehovah's Witnesses usually refer to as the Christian Greek Scriptures. Work began on December 2, 1947 when the "New World Bible Translation Committee" was formed, composed of Jehovah's Witnesses who claimed to be anointed. The Watch Tower Society is said to have "become aware" of the committee's existence a year later. The committee agreed to turn over its translation to the Society for publication and on September 3, 1949, Knorr convened a joint meeting of the board of directors of both the Watch Tower Society's New York and Pennsylvania corporations where he again announced to the directors the existence of the committee and that it was now able to print its new modern English translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures. Several chapters of the translation were read to the directors, who then voted to accept it as a gift. The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures was released at a convention of Jehovah's Witnesses at Yankee Stadium, New York, on August 2, 1950. The translation of the Old Testament, which Jehovah's Witnesses refer to as the Hebrew Scriptures, was released in five volumes in 1953, 1955, 1957, 1958, and 1960. The complete New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures was released as a single volume in 1961, and has since undergone minor revisions.] Cross references which had appeared in the six separate volumes were updated and included in the complete volume in the 1984 revision. In 1961 the Watch Tower Society began to translate the New World Translation into Dutch, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish; the New Testament in these languages was released simultaneously on July 1963 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. By 1989 the New World Translation was translated into eleven languages, with more than 56,000,000 copies printed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Als PDF, TXT herunterladen oder online auf Scribd lesen
    Markieren Sie unangemessene Inhalte
    759 Ansichten243 Seiten

    Watchtower: New World Translation of The Old Testament Volume 5, 1960

    Hochgeladen von

    sirjsslut
    New World Translation of the Hebrew Scriptures - Rendered from the Original Language by the New World Bible Translation Committee Volume 5 - A.D. 1960 In October 1946, the president of the Watch Tower Society, Nathan H. Knorr, proposed a fresh translation of the New Testament, which Jehovah's Witnesses usually refer to as the Christian Greek Scriptures. Work began on December 2, 1947 when the "New World Bible Translation Committee" was formed, composed of Jehovah's Witnesses who claimed to be anointed. The Watch Tower Society is said to have "become aware" of the committee's existence a year later. The committee agreed to turn over its translation to the Society for publication and on September 3, 1949, Knorr convened a joint meeting of the board of directors of both the Watch Tower Society's New York and Pennsylvania corporations where he again announced to the directors the existence of the committee and that it was now able to print its new modern English translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures. Several chapters of the translation were read to the directors, who then voted to accept it as a gift. The New World Translation of the Christian Greek Scriptures was released at a convention of Jehovah's Witnesses at Yankee Stadium, New York, on August 2, 1950. The translation of the Old Testament, which Jehovah's Witnesses refer to as the Hebrew Scriptures, was released in five volumes in 1953, 1955, 1957, 1958, and 1960. The complete New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures was released as a single volume in 1961, and has since undergone minor revisions.] Cross references which had appeared in the six separate volumes were updated and included in the complete volume in the 1984 revision. In 1961 the Watch Tower Society began to translate the New World Translation into Dutch, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish; the New Testament in these languages was released simultaneously on July 1963 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. By 1989 the New World Translation was translated into eleven languages, with more than 56,000,000 copies printed.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    von 243

    Rendered f m the Origtnal Languages

    the
    NEW Wo~mBTBLE
    %SLATION
    CUMMITTEE
    Volwne v

    EXPLANATION OF THE SYMROLS USED


    IN THE LOWER MARGINAL REFERENCES

    COPYRIGHT, 1960

    Aq

    WATCH T O W R BIBLE L TRACT SOClX2Y

    OF FTNNSYLVANIA

    %t

    Edition: 280,000 copies

    PUaLISHERS

    WATCHTOWER BIBLE AND TRACT SOCETSI


    OF N E W YORK, INC,
    Intmnatlonal Bible Strtdents Assdclatian
    Brooklyn, New York, U,S.A.
    Made in the United Stales of Amctlcs

    Grcelc translation made by


    Aq'ui.Ia, a Jewlah proselyte, of
    the 2d century A.D. A very liter.nl t ranslnllnn of the Hebrew,
    trrecornln~ 23ie omcia1 Greek
    version Tor the Jews. Origen
    Inclurlcd i t in the 3d column of

    lah exce t for A fmv small lacunae. I&IS ratecl ns the earliest I-Iehrew m ~ n u s c r lt of the
    13ible, and IR placed Ey scholars in the E~ttes11aIf of the 2d
    century kc.,or t h e first half
    of (he 1st century B.C,, or

    about 100 B.C.


    his H c z i p I a , c u r r e n t a b o u t
    A.D. 215. Sec Fareword of the
    1
    ,
    Xszu W o ~ l dT~a%slutian
    of the
    C't~rfstirtn(?reek S c r i p t l ~ r e s , LeningradManuscri tl catslogued as NO. D IRA, in Rebrew.
    pugr 12, Fi 3,
    It is thr? oldrst dated manuscript: a l t l ~ crornpleta Hebrew
    Ca
    Bible and ~ V A RC O P I C ~A.D. 1003
    Calm Manuscript of the "fromtllecorrectcrlcIearbooks
    Prophets, In Hebrew. It can- Prepared by Et~emaster Aaron
    talns the Easller and Later hen Mosher b ~ Ashrr.'"
    n
    I t conProphets (see Foreword, Vol- tains thc orciinary vncallzation
    krmc I, 11 4 ) nnd was written by of the IT~lrrscwconsonnnts. I t
    ~ I ~ S Cben
    S Asher in Tiberias in is tlow In thc Publlc Library
    I1alcstinc,A.D.895. It is in t h e in L e n l n g r ~ d ,Russia,
    K:1rnlte Scws' synagogue of
    I*:ilro, Egypt. Accidentally disLXX
    ctnvered nbout 1RW.
    Grsek Septsdngint Ysrt?ilr,
    begun n l x l ~ r t2.W R.C. The oldDSTa
    est v e r s l o n a t the Hebrew
    bead Sea ScroIt of Tsaiah, as Scriptures and fl work of Jews.
    now possessetl by the Hebrew
    Ilnlversity or Jerusalem. DisLXXM
    coverecl In the spring of 1947

    In

    fl

    Greek &@~h~Wi+tt
    Verabn as
    cnve n e R p ill@Dead Sea's
    shore, it was found in the Codex Sinaiticus,

    orlglnally urchased by the


    ~ c t r o ~ o l r t aatn I.
    Mark's
    hronastcry of the Syrian Or.
    thotlox Church in Jerusalem.
    Its 54 rolumns of beautifully
    preserved Aebretu writing contbln the complete text of Isa6

    its t r a n s l a t l ~ nof the Hebrew


    Scrfptllres is fragmentary. Discovered a t Mt. Sinai [n 1344, it
    Is now In the BrZtlsh Museum,
    London, England,

    EXPLANATION OF THE SYMBOLS


    EXXJI

    Greek Beptreagint Vmsim as


    f w n d l r ~ the Codex Alexandrlntis, nr Alexandrine Manu(crlpt, o f the complete Bible.
    the rnidclle of the 5th ren.
    tllry. From its translation o f
    t h e Hebrew Scriptures the fol.
    lowfng have been lost: I Kings
    fZ:17 to E4:9 and P s a h s 49:20
    to *;9:11.

    most valuable rnanuscrlpt for

    the translatlon of the en&


    _Hebrew Blblc Is the 6th- or
    rtlt-centur codex In the Ambroslnn ~ i b m r y ,MIIan, Italy.
    An cnrlfer mnnuscrjpt has a
    date corrcspotlclln~with A.D.

    4ti.1.

    The Tsrgyms. or TargumZm,


    meanln
    I nterpretatf ons,

    LXXa
    mnrlafions:' nt first t h q
    G r ~ k8epterngint v m ~ mwrrr mPr@o r ~ lInterpretations
    ns follna In the Codex Vati- or Irnnslntlons In A r a m a i c
    cnnun, o r Vatican Manuscript m"rl@ 31 thr* ~ r a d i nof~the HeNO, 1209, of the 4th century. brew ScrDpturrs after Jerusa.
    From Its trans]ntior~of the He. ]em's 70-ymr rlesoIatfon, and

    brew Scriptures two sections later t]lc\. w e committed


    ~
    to
    nre miss in^: the book of Gen. writing. There are Targums on
    psis from 1t.s beginning up t o the h w or PenEntcuch. on the
    chapter dfi:m, and P~aIrns ProPll~ts
    of Inter date. on
    105:27 to 137:6 (Psalms 106- the F I a ~ l o ~ r a p h nThe
    .
    three
    IS in Hrbr,=w), but lvhich Tn?.giln~t; n r l tho Pentateuch
    tnisslzl pnshages were restored a r p khr Jprllqn1cm Targum, t h e
    by a Rttl-ccnLury scribe, he T n r ~ l l m J o n ~ l h a n and
    ,
    the
    Boblt9 of thc Maccabees a n d T ' L ~ orK Onkclos.
    ~ ~ ~
    the Psnlrns o f Solomon, apoc.
    typhal hoolcs, are miss~ng.
    Th
    C n t ~ l o R u c di n the Vatican Li.
    Greek translation made by
    hrary since the fifteenth cen- n e . 0 tlo'tfon, of Pontus, Asia
    tury.
    Illnor, hctween A.D. 250 and
    192. I t differs Ijttle from the
    M
    Scpttmgtnt, llke R mere reviMaeoretIc Hebrew text. Here sion. 0 r I ~ c . nl!lrlurlerl i t En the
    based rn~inlvon the text of the Gt h column of his Hempla,
    LenInffr~ldIIIehretv Manuscript cU crent about A,D. 245,
    No. I3 1 D . j R representative of
    thc hen Asher text. See L.
    va
    Vulgata Latina or Latin VMZSY
    gnrrte.
    0
    was
    SyrlacPesk itta Vmsim.Parts The V w 7 g ~ forl&dnally
    it may h of Jedsh origin, a reviston of the Old Eatin t e x t
    hut It was made for Syriac ant[ was made by Eusebius

    Chdgtlans. It 1s basically a
    trnnslntlon tl i r e c t I y of the
    I1chr.c~ Scriptures, although
    mwdc wltll some consideration
    of the Greek BepE~iaqi$$t.
    Its

    Jerome.

    Wit11 leference t o the


    original Ht-brew and Greek of
    S c r l p t ~ r e s . Begun
    A.D. 383, it waa Rni~hed by
    him in 405,

    PLURAL NUMBER of *TOU"and of VERBS


    "Yw" yrlnted In all caprtd letters denotes the plum1 number
    of tl~lrrpranoun. Alao where the plural number of n verh Is not
    c~rtttlnlvnmnrent to'the reader. i t Is lndlcfltcd by prlntlng I l l s

    The sumrlor amall clrcle, open ( 0 ) or with a dot (3,


    or a
    uupcrl~r "p" or 'qp"denotes that the word that I t follows Is
    on all t k r o u ~ htbc Il@brew
    of our trnnslallon of the
    1ir!)rc\r- Scriptures there Is p n b l ~ s h e d an alphn1,cllc llst oE nll
    worrl:. In chnln rrfervnce with :he opcnrns vcrqc !n tlre H e b m ~
    Scriptures tr here enclt &ham Stares. Tlkc 11r1v ~ ~ u r r y l clten
    n
    t tlc
    111~x1Ilnk, Othrrr syn1t)ols refer to cmss srter(+f~r~?
    not In n chnkn.
    ?Ilc l o l l o w l n ~cross reference symbols * 1, :*, :, +# an -, *,
    K t o n, r t o z t+-111 lead you t o hel~trul in~orlnnt~on,
    such as

    one of n chain of references, carried


    Scrlpzuter. In this the last volume

    pnrnllel pns.pngc6, geographical and bloaragl~lrirl points, pasmues

    from, clc. The 1~ttt.r"l'Vbehlni1 ri cross rurcrenco symbol


    bccn mlnal~ylletl,
    9uotcd
    m{rtcs n #crlpturc the thought o f \~kllch
    1111s

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    OF THE

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    COMPLRE SERIES OF VOLUMES


    of the
    NEW WORLD TRANSEATION OF THE HEBREW SCRIPTURES
    VOLVmZ E: Released A.D. 1953. Contalns the modernEngllsh wndering of the first eight RIble l,oohs+ from Genesis
    through R~th.
    Has an explanatory Foreword far the whole
    series of volumes of the t r a n s l ~ t l u noi thc Hebrew Srriptirres;
    also an Appendix, with maps. These nre r o ious cornmenlarial
    focmotes, and valuable cross r~fcrences.8&1 pages. Sent postpaid, anywhere, for $1,00.
    VOLURZE XI: Released A D . 1955, ContaIna the trernslaptlon
    of the nfne books, from I Samuel throuah Esther, Besldes the
    illuminating footnotes and cross rcforcnccs, t h e r e are maps
    ancl Illustrations ada ted to (his volumc. 720 PflRCs, S ~ n tpostpaid, anywhere, for $1.00.
    YOL17fiIE III: Released k,D.1957. CbnZaIna the trastslaton
    of the books of Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Eccieslastes and The
    Song of Solomon. Supplied with extenslve loot notes and convenient cross references. 512 pages. Sent postpalrE, anywhere,
    for $1.00,
    VOLUME IV: ReIeased A.D. 195FF. Renders the prophetic
    books of Isaiah, Jeremiah and Larncntatlon~,Supplemented by
    a photograph. of a page of the Dead Sea Scroll of Ifial~lland
    ap ropriate maps, in addition to ~asFiu1 Tootnotes and cross
    regrenees. 412 pages. Sent poatpsid, ~ n y l v h e r c ,for $t.M).
    VOLUME V: Released A.D. 1960. Preaents the fourteen
    prophetic hooks from Ezekiel through Malnchl, the last book
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    the Hebrew Scriptures, together with ma 18 and Illustrations of
    Ezekiel's temple. 480 pages. Sent postpaid, anywhere, f o r $1.00.

    NEW WORD TRANSlATlQN


    of the
    CHRISTIAN GREEK SCRIPTURES
    In one volume, released A D , 1950. Rendered from the orig.
    i n ~ lGreek, and settin forth the twenty-seven books from
    Matthew through ~ e v 3 a t i o n .An Invnl ua blc Forewo~d,with
    Illustrations, furnishes an excellent Intrnt'iucilot~,explaln ing
    why the Divine Kame Is presented in thc Chrlfltlxn Grcclr
    Scriptures. The many footnotes and m-03s relcrrnc~sare su11.
    plcmerlted by an Appendix over strlklng polnts, with mnps
    anci jllustratlons. 800 pages. Sent postpaid, anywhere, for $l,lrD.
    Fer ordering the abarle see n.ddwcrrea om p r w e d l n ~page,

    Alphabetical Order nnd Marglnrtl Abbreviations


    of the Books of the Hebrew ntla Greek Scriptures
    Abbravlarlon

    Book

    Acts ......,......................
    Xc
    h a s ............................
    Am
    Chranicles, 1 ............1Ch
    Chronicles, 2 ............2Ch
    Colossians ..................Col
    Corinthians, 1 ............ 1Co
    Corinthians, 2 ............2Co
    Daniel .......................... DR
    Deuteronolrny .............. Du
    Ecclesiastes ................ Ec
    Ephesians .................. Eph
    Esther ...,.................. .
    , Es
    Exodus ..................... ....Ex
    Ezekiel .........,....,....... Eze
    Ezra ............................ Ezr
    Galatians .................... Sa
    Genesis ...................... .. I;r
    H a h ~ k k u l c..................
    Ilr~l~
    Haggai ...................... HRR
    Hebrews ....................Heb
    Hoscn .......,................... R o

    I--:tl;rtr .........................*
    James ........................
    Jeremiah ...,......,.......

    Isn
    JAS

    Job

    Job

    .......,.......................

    ..,....,.......
    ,.....................

    Abbrevlatlan

    ......................Le
    ...................
    .
    ....... Lu

    L~vllIcu8

    Luke

    ......................

    hInlachl
    Ma1
    hiark
    . hTr
    RI~tthew...............-... ....3lt
    hZlrah .......................... hTic
    Nahum ........................ h-a
    Nelnemiah .................... K e
    R'umhers ............,........ Xu
    Obadiah ..............,,......
    Qb
    Peter. 1 ...............,..-....1Pe
    Pctcr, 2 .................... .... 2Pe
    Phllemon
    Phm
    t'hl llppiuns ................P h p
    1'1.ovr~rha ......................Pr
    I'snln~s ..........................PS

    ...................-......

    ..................

    Revclxtlon .................. Re
    Romans ....................
    .. Ro
    Ruth

    ..............................

    Ru

    Snmucl, 1 ...........,....... 1Sa


    Snrnuel. 2
    2Sa
    Song of Solomon, The
    (Canticles) .............. Ca
    Thefisalonl~na,
    1 ........1Th

    ...........-.......

    Jer

    Joe
    John
    Joh
    John, 1 ....................... 1Jo
    John, 2 ...................... 2Jo
    John, 3 ........................
    350
    Jonah ..........................Jon
    Joshua ..........................
    Jns
    dude ............................ Jude
    Judges ,
    ..............,,...... Jg
    Joel

    Rnnk

    I<l n ~ s1,
    1Ri
    Klngs, 2 ..................... 2Ki
    Lnmrntations ............ La

    *.A"

    The~snlonIans,2 .,..... 2Th


    Tlmothy,1
    Timotlay, 2

    .................. IT1

    ..................n

    Tltua .........,........-....... Tit


    Zech~rlah.................. Zec
    ZephnnIah ...........,..._ Zep.

    CONTENTS

    EZEKIELa

    Page

    Ezekiel ...................... 11
    Daniel .......................186
    Hosea

    .......................243

    Joel ......................... 3Fi8


    Amos ........................277
    Olxsdiah ................... 297
    Jonah ....................... 300
    Micah .......................307
    Nahtm ......................321
    Habakkuk
    328
    Zephaniah ...................336
    Haggai ......................444
    Zechariah ....................349
    Malachi ......................380

    ..

    ...................

    NAMES A N D ORDER OF THE BOOKS


    OF THE HEBREW-ARAMAIC SCRIPTrRES

    Joshua
    Judges
    Rutrr

    V 0 l t 4 II
    ~
    1 Samuel
    2 Samuel
    1 Kings
    2 1Cin~-s
    1C~0nfCls
    2 Chro'licles

    Ezra

    Nehernlah
    E%her

    Val- JII

    Job
    Psalms
    Proverbs
    Ecr1esiask-S
    The Song
    of Solomon
    Volume IV

    And it proceeded to occur in the thirtieth


    year, In the fourth [month], on the Mth
    [day] of the month, while 1 w
    as in the midst
    of the exiled' people by the river Che'bw,"
    '~~~,l;lj,f4
    Ijn 1.6
    that the heavens twre openedAand I began to
    C E x C 3 15
    FJP
    R we visions of Gad.
    On the fifth [day] of the
    >.::t 3.15
    :I,I, I .,I month, that is, [in] the fifth year of the exile
    ,zc
    r l p7:3i
    ~ g . t l of King Je.hoi'a.~hin,~'
    S t h e ~ ~ ~ sof
    r cJehovah
    l
    t L ; ~15.1
    .
    occurredm specificalty to EzekieIa the son of
    1
    Eu'zi the priest in the land of the ChaF.de'ansX
    '"ICL 2.1 la
    :r:l~.;fi:lO
    hy the river Che'bar, and there the hand of
    .lb.I' ,
    1.1
    I 21
    Jehovah came to be even upon him.*
    * . T r i t l I 17
    23 13
    4 And I began to see, and, Iook! there was a
    JI r 2 2 2 5
    ~ r ; :{:IS
    i
    tcrnpestua~tswindfik corning from the north," a
    Ir,T,,,.L F~7~1I 1,nI great cloud mass and quivering fire, and ite had
    11.Jvc 1:14
    a brightness a11 around, and out of the midst
    of itr there was something like the look of
    r""p8:2
    eIcctmm,r out of the midst of the firear jAnd
    out of the midst of itf there was the likeness of
    ~m4:fl four living cscatures,h~and this was IIOW they
    looked: they had the likeness of earthling man.'
    I1,:m 70:1g
    And [each] one Ilad four faws,t and [each]
    6:2
    one of them four !vings.u And their feet were
    ii::4ji:ai
    "I~G.g,~'ki,~l."
    JI, TtJ~Ir~2.q~?';
    rclidri-ed Je.h~z'kel in 1 Chronicles

    .,,,,

    lt,:1r3r

    t't: la, If~onin: "God Strmfih~ns,"LXX, I'~.ze.ti.8'; Trg. E.rpr*l~i.rl.b "C;nd.


    3E. R1.o.lrim'; the plttrnl n~tmher a H.o'nk.
    a *5Ic~.liof'n.1.l1in." 31, Yu.!)n.khinp; I,%,
    Yo.n.ki+n< a "Wind."Jf,
    rta'nlrfr: wth (ir~iwis1: 1, Coclt~hoterl. "It*'; in the masculine genrbr, r ~ f r r r i nto~ the rEo11r1nrnw. "It"; in the f ~ ~ n i n i ng~nrler,
    e
    p i rlvntly mrcrrinp to tl~cl l l ~~ ,v F i i ~ ilerl feniinine iu Hebrew. g L U ,
    r'It,k.rron; n s l t i t i i r i ~ ~ l l o yat' gold ond silrer.
    "shapes."
    1 "R~rtlnlingmnn." 31, n.dnm'.
    L1

    '

    EZEKIEL 1 :8-15

    12

    straight feet, and the sole of their feet was like


    t h e sole of the foot of a calf;^ and they were v b 1 l : a
    gleaming as with the glowa of burnished copper.7 a And there were the hands of a manh under their wings an their four sides,%and the ~ e ; ~ 6 $ ~
    four of them had their faces and their wings.' *~:21
    T h e i r wings were joining one to the other,
    They would not turn when they went; they
    would go each one straight forward.'
    W
    Eze
    r 4IO:II
    :s
    10 And as for the likeness of their faces, the EZelo:zz
    four of them had a man'sb* face with a lion's A R C 4:'
    face to the right,&and the four of them had a
    bull's face on the left;' the four of them also +PRr,144-;4
    had an eagle's face." llThat is the way their @Bem:49
    o b 39:n
    faces were. A n d their wings were spreading out JlsR
    40:31
    upward. Each one had fwojoining to each other,
    xha 6:a
    and bvo were covering their bodies."
    12 And they would go each one straight forward." To wherever the spiritc would incline- to me
    go, they would go." They would not turn as kEZel:m
    they went." '%And
    as f o r the likeness of the
    living creatures,a their appearance was like
    burning coals of fire.' Something like the ap- Feti!4i4
    pearance of torchess was moving back and forth %
    , l,&
    between t h e living creafmes, and the fire was r ~ 1n 0 : ~
    bright, and out of the fire there was lightning
    going f0rth.t l4 And on the part of the living t ~ X ~ ~ 2 2 0
    creatures there was a going forth and a return- ? c l , $ ~ l
    ?I I H : I O
    ing as with the appearance of the 1ightning.u 1)n
    !I 21
    ML
    127
    15 As I kept seeing the living creatures, why, .Mr 2I:+:u
    look! there was one wheel on the earth beside
    a Literally, "eye," li. b 1dMrtn.7'
    31, a.dum'. ('Spirit." M, rtr'nhh;

    L X X , paea'mn; TgJ spia'i.t~cs. Compare verse 4, fnntnntn d.


    "Living creatures." N,Ii kay.yah' (in the pIurnl nnrnh~r,I'rminina
    gender),! L X X , soi'cs, the same a5 in Revelation 4: f l d I b ; Vg,
    a.ni.ma Em.
    d

    t h e living ~ r e a f u r e sby
    , ~ t h e four faces of e a c h . ~
    l o As fox the appearance of the wheels" and
    their structure, it was like the glow of chrysolite;' and the four of them had one likeness.
    And their appearance and their structure were
    just as when a wheeI proved to be in the midst&
    D n e l O : 1 0 of a wheel." I7 When they went they would go
    10:11 on their four respective sides.b"They would not
    4EZe1:9 turn another way when they went.O l8 And as
    far their rims, they had such height that they
    caused fearfulness; and their rims were full of
    +g:y$?,eyes all around the four of them.' lD
    And when
    p,",4;0 the living creatures went, the wheels would go
    beside them, and when the living creatures were
    lifted up from the earth, the wheels would be
    emelo:i6 lifted up.@ Wherever the spirit inclined to go,
    they would go, the spirit [inclining] t o go there;
    and the wheels themselves would be lifted up
    close alongside them, for the spirit of the living
    creature was in the wheels.' 21 When they
    went, these would go; and when they stood still,
    these would stand still; and when they were
    "Ez@1&17 lifted up from the earth, the wheels would be
    lifted up close alongside them, for the spirit of
    the living creature was in the wheels.*
    22 And over the heads of the living creatures
    , j 6 there was the likeness of an expanse' like the
    FS 150:1
    sparkle of awesome ice, stretched out over their
    *,u,%+\ heads up above.' And under tthe expanse their
    wings were straight, one to the other. Each
    one had two wings covering on this side and
    each one had two covering on that side their
    bodies. 24 And I got t o hear the sound of their
    v~,","$.~3
    FEZ@1:6

    Re 4.7
    ZPS 7218
    Eze 10:9
    * E3~9 3
    Da 10%

    z&o;:

    aPossibly, bs centered at right angles on the same axis,


    "toward their four directions:'

    b Or,

    EZEKIEL 1:25-2:2

    EZEKIEL 2 :3--8

    482
    ~vings,a sound like that of vast watersIn like rrne
    Rs 1:15
    19 fi
    the sound of the Almighty' One, when they CT?v
    K r c 10.5
    l7":2
    ~
    went, the sound of a tumult,r like the sound of ~I'c. . l r l38.13
    nn eneampment.s When they ststill, they 1% 29.2
    l'f w::g
    tvould let their whgs down.
    K?ICl ' i : f s
    25 And there came to be a voice above the 1j.t 10'0
    expanset that was over their head. C When they tEts 1 2 2
    stood still, they ~vouldlet their wings dotvn.)
    uEx 24:lO
    'Wnd above the expanse that was over their vl's
    head there was something in appearance Ilke Isn 45:E
    ti:l
    1
    sapphire stone,I1the likeness of n t11rone.V And lm:t.t3-Ln:
    1 ) : ~ ,:!I
    F ~ V C
    n:13
    upon the likeness of the throne* there was ;I
    lik~ness of someone in appearance like an
    28:13
    earthling man upon it,y up above. " And I got YGP
    Jos 5:t.l
    Ilrr
    to see something like the glow of electmm,x Rc 310:15
    :13
    I. 2
    like the appearance af fire all around inside nr
    IW 14.14
    l , : f e1:+l
    thereof,' from the appearance of his hips and %I.;/<*
    #:%
    "
    I
    4:2J
    upward; and from the appearance of his hips ['.; 5(F::1
    I'u O i l : <
    and downward I saw something like the appear- Jlc11
    1;!:29
    ance of Are, and he had a brightness all around,
    t T h e r e was something like the appearance of
    the bowDthat occurs in a cloud mass on the day ms 9:13
    .I;"?
    of a pouring rain. That is how the appearmce ILc 10:1
    was of the brightness round about. It was the
    appeaIeanceof the likeness of the glory of Jeho16:7
    vah? When I got t o see [it], then I fell upon &Ex
    Ex 24!1%
    :r1:1FI
    my face,<and I began ta hear the voice of one lICu
    K1 H : l l
    KPF n:.\
    speaking.
    O~.:/P .1:'.'3
    And he proceeded t o say to me: "Son of ICrv ,133
    manja*stand up upon your feet that I may *ELI7 37:3
    speak with you."" And spiritb began to come s13n 10:11
    1,'

    ."Ron uf man." 31, Ben n.&m'. T h i ~is the Riwt of 92 uca~n.wnces


    of this v x p r ~ i o nin the book of Ezcki~l.L . U , b i . a n t ~ ? ~ . t h r o ' p ~ i f .
    b "Sl~irit." 31. ru'ahh; LX'C, pizen"nrn; TR, apir'i-tr#.

    into me as soon as he spoke to me, and it&b e


    gan to make me stand up upon my feet that Z
    might hear the One speaking to me.'
    'yz&$B
    mSakn 3 And he went on to say to me: "Son of
    ge 9:38
    man, I am sending you to the sons of Israel,"
    &,1gI,,
    17
    to sebeIliaus nations that have rebelled against
    M t 1Om1t3
    k2~111:7 me.k They themselves and their forefathers
    Jer 1k12
    J~~ 44:22 have transgressed against me down t o this
    selfsame day.n ' And the sons insolei~tof facer
    o&";?;
    NE 9 : ~ and hard of hearts-I
    am sending you ta them,
    der 355
    a a g : ~ and you must say t o them, 'This is what t h e
    Ac 'im51
    And as for them,
    !.La 3 . ~ Lord Jehovah1) has said,'
    3It E:6
    , , whether they will hear or mill refraint-for
    they are a rebellious house-they will certainly
    ,y$1i-7?m
    Fss:S
    b o w also that a pmpllct hinlsclf happened to
    h e 3:7
    Heb 3:15 be in the midst of them,tl
    t Eze 3 2 1
    13:46
    6 "And YOU, 0 son of man, do not be afraid
    ~ E z 33.33
    e
    ~oh15:22 of them,' and of thejr words do not be afraid,
    v2Ki 1:15
    M ~ I O : Z B because there are obstlnatc onesy and things
    LL","$T9 priclring you and it I s Rnlong scorpionsx that
    you are dwelling. Of their words do not you be
    afraid, and at their faces do not you be struck
    with terror, for they are a rebelliot~shouse."
    '~;,~~~,
    IPcg:lQ ' And yoel must sp~zikmy words te them, rc.
    gardless of wheth~rthey h e ~ or
    r they refrain,
    J*r l:17 for they are a case of r e h e l l i ~ n . ~
    h e 3:17
    8 "And you, 0 son of mnn, hear what P am
    ...Nu m;24 speaking to you, Do not become rebeIIious like
    the rebellious house." Own your mouth and
    ;Jer 13:16
    eat
    what I am giving younW0
    ,,:,

    ,,

    ('It,.' 111 the feminine g~nder,r e f ~ r r i nt~o "spi~~it,''which is ia


    the feminine gender in IJr)lrcw. b "1'11~Lord J~llovnh."l f JAd.)nayp PeRo.wih', VE, Ilo'mi.au~ Do'lds; Kp, "tho Lord of lords";
    T, '"ehor-nh God,'' L~athcr. (4c~rnnn,rIrr ZIrrr Herr ("the Lord
    Lord"). Gee Genesis 15 :21, foolnotm e mrl P. L'wl 215 timrs in tkc
    hook o f EmbeI, but very rnrcly in tbe other prophete.

    EZEKIEL 2:9--3 :8

    27

    16

    9 And I began t o see, and, look! there was a


    hand thrust out to me,' and, look! in it there
    was the roll of a ba0k.O lo And he gradually eg;,";pl
    spread it out before me," and it was written ~e,b~;?l:
    upon in front and on the back," and there were xrsa 30:s
    Hab 2:2
    written in it dirges and moaning and vrailing.' mRe
    5:1

    +g&1,::

    *Is% 311

    And he proceeded t o say to me: "Son of Jnf8yiZ9


    man, what you find, eat. Eat this roll,k
    and go, speak to the house of Israel."
    2 So I opened my mouth and he gradually
    made me eat this roll." "nd he ?vent on t o say "Re 10:10
    to me: "Son of man,you should cause your own
    belly t o eat, that you may fill your very intestines with this roll t h a t I am giving you." And
    T began to eat it, and it came to k in my mouth
    ~ PS
    J O 19:lo
    ~2J 3 : ~
    like honey for ~weetness.~
    4 And he continued saying t o me: "Son of
    man, go, enter in among the house of Israel,.
    and you must speak with my words to them. ~t 1524
    "or it is not to a people who are wlintelligible
    in languageat or heavyb of tongueU that you
    are being sent-to t h e house of Israel, not t o u!;
    numerous peoples uninteIligible in languagea or ;g
    heavyb in tongue, whose words you cannot hear
    [understandingly]. If it was to them that I had
    sent you, those very ones would listen t o
    V@Ifii,
    ?But as for the house of Israel, they will not
    want to listen to you, for they are not wanting R09:30
    t o listen to me;y because all those of the house YJ~:;~
    of Israel are hardheadedc and hardhearted." zk;r;O;16
    h o k ! J have mad@ your face exactly as hard ge;z
    as their facesw and your forehead exactly as hard ~ 1 3:9s ~

    kz;;z$

    tP,"a8&s9
    T4Tn

    E;iterally, "lip? M. But see Genwia 11 :1. b Or, "slow." e LiteralIF, "strong of forehead:' M, d Literally, "given," Rf.
    a

    EZEKIEL 3 :9-17

    ,~
    as their foreheads.* Like a d i a r n ~ n d harder
    than flint," I have madeb your forehead. You
    must not be afraid of them,' and you must not
    be struck with terror at their faces,O for they
    axe a rebellious house.'"
    10 And he went on t o say t o me: "Son of
    man, all my words that I shall speak to you,
    take into your heart and hear with your own
    ears." "And go, enter in among the exiled
    people," among the sons of your people," and
    you must speak to them and say t o them, 'This
    is what the Lord Jehovah has said,' regardIess
    of whether they hear or they refrain."k
    12 And a spiritc proceeded to bear me alongn
    and I began to hear behind me the sound of a
    great rushing: 44Elessedbe the glory of Jehovah from his place."s l 3 And there was the
    sound of the wings of the living creatures that
    were closely touching each other: and the sound
    Eze 9:3
    Eze 11:22
    tPSa 5,24 of the wheels close beside them,u and the sound
    of a great rushing. l4And a spirite Itself bore
    ,g2",$p141s
    vEze 8 3 me alongv and proceeded to take me, so that I
    Ec 10:4
    went bitterly in the rage of my spirit,=Yand the
    hand of Jehovah upon me was strong." So I
    8:$;
    entered in among the exiled people at Tel-a'bib,
    ' E Z ~ I : ~ who were dwelling by the river Che'bar," and
    Eze 4 3 3
    I began ta dwelld where they were dwelling; and
    I kept dwelling there for seven days, stunned
    "Jer 239 in the midst of them."
    Hab
    16 And it came about at the end of seven

    "Et

    days that the word of Jehovah proceeded to


    occur to me, saying: "Son of man, a watch-

    " Or,

    "emery.?' b Literall> "giren," Af. = "Spirit.'' 31, w'ahk;


    L X X , p~elh'ma; Vg, spir 3 . t ~ ~Compare
    .
    Ezekiel 1:4, footnote d.
    d "And I began to dwell," illmargin and many manusci<pts.

    EZEKIEL 3 :18-23

    mana is what I have made you to the house of


    Israel," and you must hear from my mouth
    speech and you must warn them from me.O
    When I say t o someone wicked, 'You will
    positively die," and you do not actually warn
    him and you do not actually speak in order to
    warn the wicked one from his wicked way to
    preserve him alive: he being wicked, in his
    error he will die,' but his blood I shall ask back
    from your own hand? '"ut
    as for you, in case
    you have warned someone wickedk and he does
    not actually turn back from his wiclrcdness and
    from his wicked way,Uhe himself for his error
    will die;r but as for you, you will have delivered
    your own sauLbg 2o And when someone righteous turns back from his righteousnessl and
    actualIy does injustice and I actually put a
    stumbling block before hirn,u he himself will
    die because you did not warn him.^ For his sin
    he will diey and his righteous acts that he did
    will not be remembered, but his blood I shall
    ask back from your own hand." And as for
    you, in case you have warned someone righteous that the righteous one should not sin,' and
    he himself does not actually sin; he will without fail keep on living because he had been
    warned: and you yourself will have delivered
    your o w n soul."b*
    22 And the hand of Jehovah came to be upon
    me there and he proceeded t o say t o me: "Get
    up, go forth to the valley plain,' and there I
    shall speak with you."e 23 SO I got up and went
    forth to the valley plain, and, look! the glory of
    Jehovah was standing there," like the glory

    Or, "lookout,"
    a

    M, tso.phekt,

    EZEKIEL 3 :24-4: 3

    18
    "Eze1:I

    Heb 13:11
    OZCh 10:10

    Isas8:l

    *2$f;?l

    F;~ri%;6

    1 4 : ~

    Joh 8:24
    ~ G 9C5

    h;<f"1:;:"I2
    !

    rfg;lj;::2;
    sEre 33:9
    Ac 18:6
    t2Ch 24:lS

    gaEi

    Feebll;z&
    1;yB;3;3
    y&;g:;

    yEze 1 8 : ~

    ,%"%?$A
    'b

    ".'"

    'Ac m:31
    "R~s:lg
    Lprlr:lo
    3 AC IRB

    Jas 5:20

    ;.NU
    ?pi:
    2:"8:g":

    ' ,~,ez$
    ,,,,

    1639

    E;e7c5"518

    "Soul," &I, nqphfesh; LXX,

    psy.ehd; T7g, cs'lai-ma. Bee Appendix, page 399.

    that I had seen by the river Che'bar,* and I


    face." 24 Then spirita entered
    into
    men
    and
    made
    me stand up on my
    nE~2
    s2
    feet,
    and
    he
    began
    t o speak with me and say to
    ~;$;;o
    me: "Come, be shut up inside your house.'
    rbe8:l
    2 5 And you, 0 son of man, look! they will certainly put cords upon you and bind you with
    them so that you cannot go forth into the midst
    of them," " And your very tongue I mill make
    "E;$%
    - 4 ~ 2 0 ~ 2 3stick to the roof of your mouth; and you will
    tPs l Y r : 6
    uEze 24~27certainly become mute,u and you will not beLu 1 9 2
    v a m s:io come t o them a manb administering r e p r o ~ f , ~
    because
    they~ are a rebellious^ house. ?'And
    y g~ e g i
    ~
    ~
    when I speak with you I shnIl open your mauth,
    'This is what: the
    "g,";;L7and you must say ta
    Lord Jehovah has said.' Let the one hearing
    #art 1 1 : ~hear,' and let the one refraining refrain, beRe 2:29
    EEze 12:a cause they are a rebellious house.=
    "And you, 0 son of man, take for yourself
    a brick, and you must put it before youA
    AJer
    Jcr25:15
    19:1
    and engrave upon it a city,O even Jerusalem.
    zijil
    '2Kt24:11
    And you must lay siege against it' and build
    .ler 339:X
    a
    siege waIl against iY and throw u p a siege
    :!
    ' ;: ;5"
    1'" 1i3.1:t rampart against itx and set encampments
    A I S J 37:33
    ;$; ;iG2, against it and putd battering rams all around
    21:zz against it.* And as for you, take to yourself
    an i r o n g r i d d l e , ~ ~ a n d y o u m u s t p u t i t a s m i r o n
    lrn 23:a9
    wall between you and the city, and you must
    fix your face against it, and it must get t o be
    ,:,
    E;p2zi6 in a siege, and you must besiege it. It is a sign
    to the house of Israel."
    $j,"b4j",8
    a "Spitit." Y, w'ak k ; LXI, pneu'mca; Tg, spir1a*.tm,b "Man."
    M,isb; L X X , a.n;rJ; Vg, vir. 0 Literally, "pour out," ill.* "Put.''

    went falling upon my


    lgF8?,28
    Re 4 3 0

    'Pah3::,
    ;p;;j;l

    Tha Hebrew vmb here is in the infinitive construct form, but eari5m
    forward tho imperati~eidea of the preceding verbs in the sentence.

    21
    4 "And as for you, lie upon y o u left side,
    and you must lay the error of the house of
    Israel upon it.' For the number of the days that *=l7:21
    you will lie upon it you 1-vilI carry their err0r.B 82: ;:
    And I myself must give to you the years of $tgy+l
    their errort to the number of three hundred
    e,";i;s
    and ninety days,n and you must carry the error NU
    1-134
    of the house of Israel. And you must complete s163i?:$

    them.
    "And you must lie upon your right side in the
    second case, and y o u must carry the error of

    1KI S Z : ~
    2Ki 2 3 8

    Zch36:zl

    the h ~ u s eof Judah forty days," A day for a v2FLg::g


    year, a day for a year, is what I have given p; ;glz
    you? And t o t h e siege Of Jerusalem ybU will yNu ~ : 3 3
    fix your face,%with your arm bared,* and you ZiEl:
    :ti,
    Jer 52:4
    must prophesy against it.
    * h a 52:10
    8 "And, Iook! I will put cords upon you that Isa 53:l
    you may not turn yourself from your one side
    t o your other side, until you will have completed
    3-e
    3%
    the days of your siege.n
    9 "And as for you, take for yourself wheatb AIEi5:11
    and barleyb and broad beans' and lentilsmand
    millet" and spelt,# and you must put them in :;Ztg;;l
    one utensil and make them into bread" for you, *EX s:3a
    for the number of the days that you are lying
    upon your side; three hundred and ninety days
    4:s
    you will eat it.'' lo And your food that you will
    eat will be by weight-twenty
    shekels a day.n "k:g;zf
    IS& 3:1
    From time to time you will eat it.
    Eze 14:13
    11 "And water you will drink merely by
    measure, the sixth part of a hintbrFrom time r n e m 2 4
    t o time you will drink.
    12 "And as a round cake of barley you will alKi 14:10
    eat it; and as for it, upon dungs cakes of the ;$,2:j;

    tDe 23:13

    uDa i:8
    H o 5:3
    vder 1:6
    Jcr $:I0
    Jer 1433
    Ese 8:8
    Eze 20:49
    y.lc 10314
    e E e 2231
    Le 7:24
    Le 17 l5
    *Le 7 2 8
    Le 19:7
    De 14:3
    Isa 65.4
    Isn &:I7
    02K1 9:37
    Job m7
    P S 8310
    Jer 2333
    Lu 13:s

    LLe 26:26
    Ps 116:16
    Isa 3:l
    Eze 5 16
    One 2&4B

    La 191
    La 4:9
    La 5:9
    + B e 2:B

    :2'S71$!;i3

    a Or, "feud."'
    A hin mas a liquid measure equal t o 1 gallon,
    I, quart and 1.8 pints.

    eLe 26:39
    Eze 24:23

    EZEKIEL 4: 13-5 :2

    exc~ementtof mankind&you will bake i t before


    their eyes." IS And Jehovah went on to say:
    "Just like this the sons of Israel wiIl eat their
    bread unclean among the nations to which I
    shall disperse them."^
    14 And I proceeded to say: "Alas, O Lord
    Jeh~vah!~'
    Look! My soulc is not a defiled one;Y
    neither a dead body nor a torn animal have I
    eaten from my youth up," even until notlr, and
    into my mouth there has come no foul flesh."*
    15 And he went on to say to me: "See, I
    have given you cattle manuren instead of the
    dung cakes of mankind," and you must make
    your bread upon it.'' l%nd he continued saying
    to me: ''Son of man, here I am breaking the
    rods around which ring-shaped loaves are suspendedJdAin Jerusalem, and they will have to
    eat bread by weight and in anxious c a w 4 and
    it will be by measure and in horror that they
    will drink water itself,' to the intent that they
    may be lacking bread and water and they may
    look astonished at one another and rot away in
    their errorme
    "And as for you, 0 son of man, take for
    yourself a sharp sword. As a barbers' razor
    you will take it for yaurself, and you must make
    it pass along upon your head and upon your
    beard," and you must take for yourself weighing
    scalese and divide [the hair] in portions. A
    third you will burn in the very fire in the midst

    mLe 2k5

    Isa 7:2Q
    Eze 44:20
    *Da 5:27

    "Mankind." 31, An-a.drsm', b "Lord JehovahI" M, A.do.na$ peltowih'; LXX, Kytri+os Tlts.os' ("Jehovah G d " ) ; Trg, Do'mf.~uaus
    De'as; Sy, "God the Lord o f lordsv; !I?,
    "Jehorah Ood!" Luther
    G e m m , a g a r Herr! "Soul." 31, w p h r e s k ; LXX, pky.chfT; Vg,
    o'n6.ma. dliterallj, "the rod of bread," M, 'Literally, "divrds
    a

    them," M.

    EZEKIEL 5: 3-3

    22

    EZEKIEL

    of the dty as soon as the days of the siege have


    come to the full.&And you must take mother

    * DC m:24

    k
    ,
    ?
    ;

    third. You wilI strike [it] with the sword dl


    around her,n and the [last] third you will scat- n,J,e,r;z:,2,
    ter t o the wind,&and I shall draw out a sword ~ e 3r : ~
    laLe2 6 : s
    itself after t h a n r
    Jer 826
    3 "And you must take therefrom a few In
    i2iP4
    =:=
    number and wrap them up in your skirts.r And mJeri =I0
    some of them you will yet take and you must ;;;;$$6
    pitch them into the midst of the fire and incinerate them in t h e fire.t Fmrn oneh n fire will
    iEp
    LI Jer e:4
    go rorth to all the house of Isracl.ll
    5 "Thjs is what the Lord Jehovah has said,
    'This is Jerusalem-v In t h e midst of the nations ;:gv
    LU19:a
    I have set her, with lands all around her.r And yDe
    she proceeded to behave rebelliousIy against my ~ z 4-6
    161.1
    c
    judicial decisions h wickedness more than the :I:."&:
    nations," and against my statutes more than the s$;ly;F
    lnnds that are all around her,' for my judicial ?;;;2n
    decisions they rejected and, as for my statutes, *RO 2:14
    3Ca 5:l
    they did not waIk in them.'"
    DPic 8 2 6
    s 78'10
    7 "Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah PJer
    53
    has said, 'For the reason that YOU people were
    Eg
    more turbulentc than the nations that are all $;$;;iO
    around I-ou, in my statutes YOU did not walk
    ,
    :
    ,
    ,
    and my judicial decisions YOU did not perform; fE:,h,F:
    but according to the judicial decisions 01 the oy:&6;:7
    nations that are all around YOU, \vouperformed,
    did YOU not?" therefore this is what the Lord ?zrm?
    Jcr 21:13
    Jehovah has said: "Here I am against you, hfi!:7
    [O city,Jd even I,o and I will execute in the PF4:j3

    $':

    ,,,

    a''lTind." M, mt'ahh; L X , pnelr'ma; VF, zrm'tas, Compm


    Elencsis 3. :2, footnote d. "Qno"; in ttla mr~~culine
    grader in 31.
    Or, hy a correction, "rebellious,"d "Yon, [ O city,]." The pronoun
    'pau" la ie the feminine gender, singulnr nnrnh~l.,nnd refers to the
    city of Jervselem,

    I
    :
    . I r v 22:R
    J 2
    7

    Jtmr

    l,,, z ta
    a 1 4 .I

    \';.,:tcl
    $:%

    midst of you judicial decisions in the eyes of the


    nations.' 'And I will do in you thnt which I
    have not done and the like of which I dlall not
    do any more by reason of all your detestable
    things.*
    10 " ' "Therefore fathers themselves will eat
    sans in the midst of you," and sons themselves

    will eat their fathers, and I 1~111execute in you


    r,.?
    .lll 2s acts of judgment and scatter all the remainder
    l , , r 11
    of you to every wind." ' i L "
    t,n 2 :',I
    [.11 4. 141
    I1 '' 'Therefore as I am alive,' is the utterI
    I
    :
    I)II l 7
    r po bi-rie ance of the Lord Jehovah, 'surely for t h e reason
    ~~,].;?,,that it was my sanchrary that you defiled with
    all your disgusting thin&< and with a11 your
    i:;;:iko detestable
    things," I myself also am the One
    $1;
    ;
    .L,I~ : . > . I 4 that will diminish [you]"and
    my eye rr.il1 I I D ~
    n [ I<%7 3
    I(; 18 feel sorry5 and I myself also ill not shot\?comthe pestilence
    r15*
    ,Icrlrc
    ll)::!.2 pnss5on.t l 2 A third of you-by
    will die,^ and by famine they will come t o
    R ~ , ! ~ 0 2 ~ ;they
    ,~'
    their end in t h e midst of youhvAnd another
    1 xvc 11:n
    1
    ilJtxr ~ : 9
    third-by t h e sword they will fall all around
    1,:rc 6.12
    v,ll>r15.2 y0u.Y And the [last] third 1 shall scat?er even
    r%vc 13.8
    and a sword is what X shall draw
    ? t' /to every w h d , ~
    f.'/,' I, +
    nut i~ltcrthcm.' ]'And my nnRcr will certainly
    :-,,. ,
    "1,'1r.p
    ' 2')
    4: .':<
    1 6 come to its finisht and L will appease my rage
    Im:f*
    I2:t.l on themA and comfort myse1f;hand they will
    ii111 13: L
    l1,lt.1. 2~:12 have to know that I myself, Jehovah, have
    1 ~ 1 11,11
    spoken in my insistence on exclusive devotion,'
    1)ri 012
    +KLP lG:d2
    .I,,.
    IUa
    1 91
    ::jrj when I bring my rage t o its fnish upon them.
    14 " 'And I shall make youb a <devastated
    x~ s H
    *I.:X B;,n
    .J,, 21.19 place and a reproach m a n g the nations that
    1% llL':138
    1 around youb before the eyes of wery
    15n5m,:17 are d
    1\n !a

    -11

    J I . ~

    .,

    "\Ti nd." M, rtr'ahfa; LXX, a'se.mos; Vg, i.cnttta. Thnt is, every
    rIirrction or qnnrhr to which the mind hlo~vu,b "YoII," 'Flio pronomn
    is in the fominine gender, singular number, and r c f m to f'tie city
    of Jen~~nlern,

    EZEKIEL 5:126;;5

    25

    24

    passer-by.' lP
    And youa must become a reg *% g;!;
    proach" and an object of reviling words,* a kF,h7;;:a
    warning exarnplek and a h o m r to the nations n r , 7lt.1
    that are all around you,a when I do In youRacts &1!g:;i2"!
    of judgment in anger and in rage and in raging k',s!,''&lr
    r e p r o ~ f s I, ~myself, Jehovah, have spoken.
    IITVI
    1 . : ~W:13
    25:lT
    16 " 'When I send the injurious arronrsof the
    famine upon them,' which must prove to be for rEzo14:Zt
    ruination, which [arrows] I shall send to bring
    YOU people t o ruin,#even famine I sllall Increase 9 ; 3 ! 3
    upon

    YOU

    people and 1 will break Youn rods

    rJcsl.c

    27:39
    rJer 8:2
    sIsa 6:11
    CGe

    .Jer 9 3 9

    tfsa 2214
    Jer 2:lS

    3lic 3:12

    uder 1 7 3
    Ezc 16.39
    vHo 10:S
    yEze N:13
    4Tlc 1:7

    zfsa 17:8
    'Ps 109:13
    CJer 14:Jet 2533
    LZKI 19:19

    Ps 83:18

    atwund whjch ring-shaped loaves are suspend-

    " And I will send upon YOU people famine (kC7;:!


    and injurious wild b e a ~ t s ,and
    ~ they must be- up$?&9
    reave youa of children,V and pestilencey and WI 17.23
    blood themselves will pass along through you,*r I.:!'& fk &
    and a word I shall bring in upon youmR'
    I my- :F:;l :,':i3
    self, Jehovah, have spoken."'"
    And the word of Jehovah continued to occur
    t o me, saying: "Son of man, set your face
    toward the mountains of Israelu and prophesy Dk;;\$;l
    t o them:b a And you must say, '0mountains of
    ;$;:;
    Israel, hear the word of t h e Lord Jehovah: ' >ilc (::I
    AS..re 302
    This is what the Lard Jehovah has said to the 0.1 chr2 2 2 9
    mountains and to the hills,' to the stream bccls ,JI.F:f3
    and to the valleys: "Here I am!I am bringing
    upon YOU n sword, and I shall certain1y destroy
    YOUR high places.' And YOUR altars must be yk;
    made desolate"and YOUR incense stands must bc "$f ij;!
    broken,*and I will cause YOUR slain ones to fall %l $y$.j;f
    before YOUR dungy idols.lc %nd I wilI put the
    carcasses3 of the sons of Israel before thefr dungy OAlu h:a
    idols," and I will scatter YOUR bones all around lll1cl s : l 2
    ed."'

    f G e la14

    De 30:l

    Ps 237:l

    Zec 10:9
    @

    Ps '12340

    Is& 7 2 3

    .Nu 1599
    E r e 20:7

    v;;

    z;?

    "You.lr The pronoun is in tho Semhinc render, singulnr number,


    nud r e f m to the e i t of
    ~ Jerusalem. bLiterally, "the ~-otlof l~wad,"31,

    rJer 303
    Joe 1;15
    pJcr 15:Z
    lJdr 36:4
    uJcr 24:lO
    Eze 5:12
    vI3a 9:7

    EZEKIEL 6 :6-12

    In all YOWR dwelljngOplaces3 the


    cities themselves will become devastatedt and
    the high places themse1ves mill h o m e desolated, in order that they may Iie devastatedu
    and YOUR altars may lie desolated and be actuaIIy broken' and Yaue dungy idols may be
    actually made to ceasey and roun Incense stands
    cut down" and Youn works blotted out.' And
    the slain one will certainly fall in the midst of
    YOU," and YOU will have t o know that I am
    Jehovah.'
    8 " "'And when Jt acculWsE will let YOU have
    as a remnant the ones escaping from the sword
    among the nations, when YOU get scattered
    among the 1ands.O " And YOUR escaped ones will
    certainty remember me among the notions to
    which they will have been taken captive,"' because f have been broken up nt their adulterous
    heart that has turned aside from mem and a t
    their eyes that are going adulterously after
    their dungy iclols;' and they wlll certainly feel
    a loathing in their faces a t the bad things that
    they have done jn all thelr detestable things."
    And thcy will Ilavt! to know t h n t I am Jehovah; not in vain did I spcnk about doing to
    them this calamitous thing.'' 'k
    11 "This I s what the Lold Jehovah has said,
    Clap your handsr1 and stamp with your foot,
    and say: "Alas!" on account of all the bad detestable t h i n ~ saf the house of Israel,' because
    by the sword,r by the famine' and by the
    pestiIence they will f ~ 1 1 . n la As for the one f a r
    away,\' by the pestilence he will die; and as for
    the one that is nearl~y,by the sword he will
    fall; and as ~ Q Tthe one thnt has been left rernzining and that has bwn safeguarded, by the
    YDWR al

    EZEKIEL 6~13-7: 5

    26

    famine he rvlll die, and 2: will bring t o its Antsh


    my rage against thern.u And YOU people wiZl ygc%y3
    have to know that I am Jehovah,=when their z$;
    l4):lo
    slain ones come to be in the midst of their 21c1
    1'~:Ri.18
    dungy idols,' all around their altars," upon F ; L P
    every high hill," an all the tops of the rnoun- k:;;:!
    tainsa and under every luxuriant tree' and un;i:!
    der every branchy big tree,* the place where &
    ::;:;
    they have offered a resffula odor to all their .p:;b.,"B
    dungy Idola." " And I: will stretch out my hand y;;&
    against Ihem* and make the land a dcmlate a z w lci..~
    $
    waste, w e n a desolation worse than the wilder- 1!l',f.?
    1,1.23
    - !..I 5i:5
    ness townrd Dib'lah,blc in dl their dwelling 'clrn
    places. And they will have to know t h a t I am ;k;t'!!&
    Jehovah."'
    NU
    ?::I 3?.,.fi
    4 11
    And the word of Jehovah continued to occur
    to me, saying: "And as for you, 0 son of
    man, this is what the Lord Jehovah has said to
    the soil of Israel, 'An end, the end, has come
    upan the four extremitiesc of the land."" NOW naEa:15
    DO $ 2 ~ 2 ~
    the end is upon you,"and I must send my anger $;idi!!
    against you,' and 1 will judge you according to r;;: ;:+
    your waysn and bring upon you all your de- 8;:;:; ;;!
    testable things. And my eye will not feel sorry I.:,,, 33::l~
    for you,t neither tvill I feel compassion, for ti.!&:!,;;
    upon you I shall bring your own ways, and in z * , ~ l t : o
    the midst of you yourC own deteslnhle things
    will come to be;" and YOU people will have to U$g
    L7<!1ti:4:c
    know that I am JehovahmbV
    v1:m 1,::1:j
    5 "This is what the Lord Jehovah has sald,
    'A calamity, a unique calamity, look! i t is corn-

    :z;:

    Or L1~ooel~ing;
    tranquilizing; appeasing." b'Qib'lah," M; "Rih'lah,' 1 some klebrem nlnnr~scripta,later thnn the Codex Bnbylo~~icua

    Petrupolitnnus of A.D. 918. Literally, L1singr,'pIT.d Ox, 'tearth,'R


    M, w el*. This personnl pronoun is in the hninine gender, BEngnlar number, to refer to the oil or gro~~ntl
    of Israel. (Vel.ilc ?)

    1ng.Y An end itself must come?.aThe end must


    come; it must awaken for you,&Look?Tt is com- E Z P ~ I ' : Z J 1nprD The garlandb must come to you,c 0 inE{s .?');H
    ~ P 2
    P : ~ habiter of the land,d the time must come, the
    ;Tun 1:192
    ELC1 2 23 day is near." There is confusi~n,~
    and not the
    Z*,p I l , i
    shouting of the mountains,
    :Is,,22
    JL-I.31.7
    8 " 'NOWshortly I shall pour out m y rage
    -zC'h:),l:at
    $;n~:'<i
    J;F8 18 upon
    youa* and I will bring my anger against
    61.wt .
    !; 25 YOU to its finish? and I wiP1 judge you according
    .r,.r "1
    to your ways" and bring upon you all your deLzk 4.11
    N I , I li
    testable things." Neither will my eye feel
    * E're 1 1 '10
    EfP!ls;m s ~ r r y knor shall f f e l compassion-n According
    aF:,@ ;:3
    to your ways shall I do the bringing upon you
    ,::;','; 7;;; yourself, and your own detestable things will
    r;y;:[j:;;
    come to be right in t h e midst of you:r and YOU
    t i e I ~ : I : E people will have to know that I, Jehovah, am
    fb 1')
    ~$f',~;i,2
    33

    r J t m r44.n

    ICrl,,P

    F ~ Y I ~

    doing the striking.s


    10 " ' h o k ! The day! Look! It is coming.t The
    111 .1.,?
    I : , 7
    gar1mdb
    has gone farth.u The md has blosv lcn 141:s
    , - 9 ~ o r n e dPresumptuousness
    .~
    has sprout4.Y l1 Vio,l;;,\$~~l
    lence itself has risen upr; Into a rod of wicked;;!; r 3fi:7; 3 nessmm
    It is not from them, nor is it from their
    111m4k*Z wealth; and i t Is not from them themselves, nor
    MI^ rnlta Is there nny crnint?ncypin thrm, ' r The time must
    come, the day must arrive. As regards the buyer,
    let him not rejoice; and as regards the seller,
    let him not go into mourning, f o r there is hot
    25:'
    feeling against all its crowd.' For to what
    was sold the seller himself will not return,whiIe
    their life is yet among the livlng ones, for the
    i

    I YfCI 21 :12
    1141 n:12
    1\

    This pemonal pronorm

    is in the feminine wnder, s i n s ~ l n rmrmt~or,to refer to the noil or ground of lsmel. (Verne 2) b Or, "tl~o
    !urn [of cvontsj''; the t n ~ n i ~ i norg applicetion of the Hebrew word
    is obrcure. Here Zha prr~ot~nl
    pronoun i u in the masculine pnder,
    sjngurar number, to nSer to "inbabitcr." Or, "earth." 31, tr'et.9.
    Or, "lomentation: mnlling,'' The worrl is obvctrre in m e n ~ ~ i n ~ .

    EZEKIEL 7; 21-27
    ~ I will
    ~ make
    ~ it to/ them
    ~ an abhorrent thing.'
    And I will give it into the hand of the stran29

    vlsion is for all its crowd. No one wlIl return,


    and they wlll not possess themselves each onea
    of hls own life by his o w n error.
    4:s
    14 " 'They have blown the trumpetq and OJer
    Jer 6:l
    Jer
    5127
    there has been a preparing of everybody, but
    there is no one going to the battle, because
    u:3
    my hot feeling is against all its crowd.' The +I=
    Jer 6:11
    Jer
    2533
    sword Is outside and the pestilence and the J+rE:12
    BDe
    32:25
    famine are inside.' Whoever is In the field, La 1:33
    by t h e sword he will die, and whoever are in the
    city, famine and pestilence themselves will
    J e r14:lB
    devour 'them." l u n d their escapees will certain- ~Jcr
    15;2
    n
    ly make their escape# and become on the moun- *Ezrc 5:iz
    9:15
    Isa 1;9
    tains ljke the doves of the ~ a l l e y s , ~of~ which
    Il
    Hsa X : 3 1
    Eze 6 : s
    are moaning, each one in his own error." " As kisa
    3314

    for all the hands, they keep dropping down;' I s s 5 5 3 1


    P r 5:lI
    and as for all knees, they keep dripping with nrlss
    13 T
    Jer 6:24
    water.bn' And they have girded on s a ~ k c l o t h , ~Heb l?:l2
    21:7
    and shuddering has covered them;t and on ~ l mEzc
    ~l I s a3:24
    Isa
    15:3
    faces there is shameu and an a31 thelr heads d e r 6 2 6
    Jer 45.37
    there js ba1dness.v
    Aln 830
    tJob
    19 "'Into the streets they will throw their PS 5 52:1s 5
    very silver, and an abhorrent thing their onrn ups 35.26
    Jer 3 ~ 2 5
    gold will becomemyNeither tllelr silver nor their VIs;1
    13.2
    Isa 22'12
    gold will be able to deliver them in the day of y2J:i
    3
    h u 3531
    Jehovah's f~try.=
    Their soul@-tiley will not satis- z Ps
    75:31
    11:4
    fy, and their intestines they wlll not All, for it Pr
    Zep l , l 8
    has become a stumbling block causing their
    * B e 44:U
    error.* ?"And the decorettlon of one's b m a - Wer
    7:4
    m d .tZK121:7
    rnent--one has set it as reason for
    CGe k26
    their detestable images,=&their disgusting EJer 7:3U
    Jer 3 2 3 4
    thingsePthey have made with it."" That is why wEze
    S:6
    Becanee of ~lrinntingundrr the pressare of
    I"Enah one," M, ish.
    8

    fear. aL'Soula,'yM, naplr'eab; LSX, p#y,si~ni'; TTg, n'wi.my,


    "It!' In the masculine gendea-, singulnr nnnibcr, to refer, posslhly, to tho preaious metal.

    gers for plunder and t o the wicked ones of the


    '2ChSB:1D earth f o r spoil,@and they will certainly pro*Jer 18:17 fane it,
    *Nu 13:X
    ?ch 3fi:l4
    22 '"And I shaIl have t o turn m a y my face
    lt2Ch3t:lIJ
    n9.r ;1:2 from them,' and they will actually profane m y
    JCT 1u 1
    N r r A :n
    1 hidden t h i k ar " and into itb robhers will aclufC:r 8 4;

    L-

    ally come and profane it."<


    21CI 2'.1:4
    23 " 'Make the chain,cn for the landfl ihelf
    3 c r 2.2 r
    J w L17:L7
    has become full of blodstained judgmentcr and
    ,
    city itself has become full of vlolencenB
    ,ILn
    ,,4.2;! :31 the
    trq
    Fsr1fi:41
    2 4 And I wilI bring in the worst ones of the naIlnrl I:& tions,l and they will certainly t ~ k e~OSSPSSIOII
    u J . r 6:12
    ~4 5 2
    of their houses,u and I will cause the pride of
    v ; ~ n5:ld
    3s.m the strong ones to cease," and their s~nctuaries
    cI,&r2I:2
    ;rz., a y ; z 1 must be pr0faned.r 2s There will come anguish,
    J,l ;-;:rlAa s 3 and they will certainly seek peace but there
    L.c 2G 28 wlll be n0ne.z aG There will came disaster upon
    ~c 85.23 d!saster,* and there will occur report upon reJ4'r 4 ;::o
    a.rlhrs1.a port, and people will actually seek a vision from
    Ja~r:<::I7
    ,a prophet,' and the law itself will perish from a
    b%'r74 n
    . l ~ lrX 18 '
    priest and counsel from elderly rnen.O 27 The
    ,qr;,rl:$, kirlg llimself will go into mourning;' even a
    .;;g;T chieftaind mill clothe himself with harror: and
    bm:du.L:aa
    the very hands of the people of the landc will
    hecome terrified. According t o their way I shall
    act toward them, and with t h e k judgments I
    shall judge them;' and they will have t o know
    &
    .$Ctz that I am Jehovah.' ""
    Or, "plnm!' 'Yt?* h the ferninin0 grntler, ~ingnlnrnnmbw,
    tlouhllrun referring to the holy city. Or, by n slipltt cnlwction of
    2l:le

    ,,,

    :;I.

    thc Ilvl,rew rr-urd, ''~En~ghte~."


    d: OrI "~n~tli.'"JZ, F T ' ~ ~ R , Litcmllp,
    "jurlgillcnt a t hloorla," Af. f'cThc people of tho Inntl!' 31, 'am
    ha-trr'rts. Not yet uscd in a contsmptuoua sooeo. Bea Jeremiah
    1: 16, footnote b,

    EZEKIEL 8 : l - 4

    30

    And it came about in the sixth year,k in the kZfi 2 4 : a


    sixth [month], on the fifth day of the
    month, that I. was sitting in my house and the
    older men of Judah were sitting before me,
    when the hand of the Lord Jehovah proceeded
    t o fall upon me there." "And
    I began to see, and,
    look! a likeness similar to the appearance of
    fire;' from the appearance of his hips even r E Z c l : n
    downward there was fire,fiand from his hips s:):::;
    even upward there was something like the
    appearance of a shining, Iike the glowa of electrunxbt a Then he thrust out the representation &:&;t
    of a handu and took me by a tuft of hair of my9; %;~
    head, and a spiritcv carried me between the
    "&zi
    earth and the heavensy and brought me to Jem- v;,Eze
    334
    salem in the visions of GodRdto the entrance of yg&'z':::6
    the inner gate that is facing northward," where
    the dwelling place is of the symbol of jealousy" "g;: :6,i;4
    that is inciting t o jealousy.' Arid, look! the ; ! ;$# +!$
    glory of the Godd of Israel was thereIAlike the
    ;;y;?
    appearance that I had seen in the valley plain.: ' C;
    E, zo:5
    De 32:16
    5 And he proceeded ta say to me: "Son of JOS 24.19
    78:58
    man, please, raise your eyes' in the direction of IPC
    C O 10:22
    A F x 40.31
    the north." So I raised my eyes in the direction
    O$k
    of the nor&, and, look! t o the north of the gate +Jcr
    3:z
    of the altar there was this symbole of jealousyE
    PiZO
    in the entranceway. eAnd he \vent on to say.
    to me: "Son of man, are you seeing what great
    detestable things they are doing," the things "y&3i$:4

    $$:;z,

    a Lite~all;r,"eye,"
    31. b See Ezekiel 1: 4, footnote g, "A spirit."
    M, w'ohh; L z T , p~ec'ma; Trg; spd~'B'.tm.Compare Gmesis 1:2,
    footnoto d. d "God.!! 31,El.a.kignt, Compare Eaekiel 1 : 1,footmote b.
    e 'The gate of the altar there mas this syrnhol," M. "The gate

    toward the sunrising . . . ," L X X S y ; possibly also in %Iby suhstitution of a similar letter. By a slight dtering of the vo-rvel point,
    11 could read: "The gak, there was the altnr of this symbol."

    that the house of Israel are doing here [for me]

    to become far off from my sanctuary?' And


    yet you wilI see again great detestable things."
    7 Accordingly he brought me to the entrance
    of the courtyard, and I began to see, and, look!
    a certain hole in the wall.'< He now said t o me:
    k g
    nJer 23:a ''Son of man, bore, please, through t h e
    Am 9:2
    And I gradually bored through the wall, and,
    there was a certain entrance. And he
    1Jer
    Ei?:lo
    gi look!
    further
    said to me: "Go in and see the bad deEze 20:s
    SEX 20:4
    testable things that they are doing here.""
    De 4 2 8
    t L e 11.10 lU SO I went in and began t o see, and, look! there
    De 14:3
    Jcr 16:18 was every representationg of creeping things
    $$ioAz and loathsome beasts,t and all the dungy idols
    of the house of IsraelYnthe carviilg being upon
    rtgi&?ii
    %:I the wall all round about.
    And seventy menR
    Nu 11:16
    of
    the elderly ones of the house of Israel,'' with
    ~22 ~~ 12512:22
    2:3
    2ch M:8 Ja.az.a.ni'ahh t h e son of Sha'phanY standing in
    among them, were standing before them, each
    E$Fi4
    ig $jiij one with his censer in his hand, and the perfume
    of the c l o ~ ~ofd the incense" was ascending.=
    r%Nu
    E x 2IG:IT
    s6
    NU 16:35 '"And he proceeded t o say to me: "'Have you
    2Ch ?6:16
    seen, O son of man, what the elderly ones of the
    jcr 7:9
    :$*; 2'';1; house of Israrl are doing in We darkness,"each
    one in the inner rooms of his showpiece? For
    they are saying, 'Jehovah is not seeing usmCu
    ,$:;;;' '
    has left the land."'dA
    Isa 2 ~ Jehovah
    ps94:7
    5
    "Ps lo'"
    13 And he continued on to say to me: "YOLI
    will yet see again great detestable things that
    aJer9:3
    they are doing."O l4 So he brought me to thc
    entrance of the gate of the house of Jehovah,
    which is toward the north,' and, look! there the
    'Fg

    *La z : S

    zl;

    "?den." N, k h , b "Ja.ae.n.ni'ah." N, Yrn.a.naydJ~n;meaning


    Or, "There is no Jehovah seeing us."
    "Tah(u) giws exr?'
    d Or, "enrth.'> M, er'ets,
    a

    EZEKIEL 8 :15-9 :I

    32

    women were sitting," weeping over the [god]


    Tatnfmuz.a
    15 And he further said ta me: "Rave you
    seen [this], 0 son of man? You will yet see

    cJ~rT18

    .?TI s:a

    2 And, Took! there were six men* coming


    from the direction of the upper gate that faces
    +kylFA to the north,O each one with his weapon for
    ,
    :
    ,
    , smashing in his hand; and there was one manb
    +L*Irr:*I in among them cIothed with linen:'
    with a
    aEx 4n.29
    ~ C R
    1:l
    recorder's
    inkhorn0
    at
    his
    hips, and they pro2Ch T:7
    ,F.de s 23
    ceeded to eome in and stand beside the copper
    ELC8 : 1

    .,,

    agajn great detestable things worse than *t$F$:3


    these."" So he brought me to the inner court- t$!::
    y a r d of the house of Jehovah," and,look! at the
    EL* I I 22 a1tarmm
    entrance of the temple of Jehovah, between the . -12;
    ;;
    i:n- :3 2
    porch and the altar,n there were about twenty- Jvr ?:2:
    ~~,11.37
    3hdas~gamlsthegloryoftheGod~~o
    m
    c 3:24
    I ~ r a e lit, ~was t ~ k e nup from over the chembseg
    five menb with their bnck~lto t h e temple of ",1',5'i!;i'
    over which it happened to be to the tlwe~hofdof
    Jehovah# and their faces to the east, and they 3,?$5
    * B e 104 the house,"and he began caIling out, t o the manf
    were bowing doto the east, to the ~ u n . ~ 'CAnl*'
    l
    kR*lS:8 that was clothed with the linenPR
    at whose hips
    "And he \vent on to say to me: "Have you
    there was the recorder's 1nkham.c And Jehoseen [this], 0 son of man? Is it such a light vDaRll
    2K1 21:16
    went on to sny to him: "Pass through the
    thing t o the house of Jrtdah to do the detest- jI:T gi;f
    ;HI'S
    $lF;Tmq:tja vah
    midst
    of t h e city," through the midst of Jerusaable things that they have done here, that they f;P&
    ~~~lI~l:l.ll3
    1 ~ ~ 5 7 : 1 3lem, and you must put a markfir on the fore
    have to fill t h e landcwith violenceV and that they ;!!s:;z
    "l.0 12 21
    should offend me again, and here they are -.la
    2 1 1 ~ 2 : q heads of the mew that are sighing and groanthrusting out the branchd to my nose?" A n d rp:fc5.11
    '?!:::$? ingQver all the detestable things that are being
    * J K 10:14
    done in the midst of it."t
    I myself also shall act In rage.r My eye wlll not
    ,Vl..U r2:n
    ,
    fi,$ys
    5 h d t o these [others] he said in my earn:
    feel sorry, neither shall I feel compassion.~And
    ,,,,
    j;; ;::;;
    "Pass
    thruugh the city after him and strike.
    they will certainly call out in my ears with a
    1 1 4 , .,:.&
    ;I,,I
    !;i!3 1 3 : ~ s
    *J [ 1)1U; ~ 3 ?s:4fiLet not your eye feel sorry, and d o not feet any
    Ioud voice, but I shall not hear them."'
    LJ\lL 10.J
    * .aryIl :in: 17 cnrnpnssion.V " Oltl man,y young mnnr and virV X L I 3 I ' 1'7
    And he proceeded to call out in my e a r s with :I:yil&
    :
    IS:, I>:.{ gin' and little childu and women" YOU should
    I
    2z.3 1
    a loud voice, saying: "CAUSEthose giving :;;f$j;13
    kill off-to a ruination. But t o any manr upon
    their attention to the city to come near,'each one k;',J:$&
    .whom
    there is t,he mark do not go near,O and
    with hls weapon in his hand for bringing ruin!"* Y,:: ,:':fa
    M,
    " ~ ~ c I I . ) ' M, a.wd.slnimr; tho Inrnl nnml~arof h11, b "XR~,')

    ,,,,

    ,,

    $;*z::H

    nuThn [god Tam'muz." Y, Aa-Tnrnmtiid; t h e name Y'tzin.1tt11~'


    aitll ihr (I+- nite artiele ha (4fthe"). L A D , Ao TL<~at.ti~nti:';Tg,
    .,I.(IoPtti~.b "lrien?' M, ish,
    Or, "earth." M, er'rla. 01; hoot;
    twigp'; donhtl~wused in idolatrot~saorship. It may represent the
    hutllnn ~ i l n l oorgan. "My nosr," This, nnrl not "thur los so" ( A I ) ,
    is tho ycntllng i n the primitive 1lcllre.rr~text. T l ~ l ~isl one 01 t110
    Ei~htccn Icnlendalions o f the fiophorim, or tiqqunrt' ~ o p h c r i m ,
    marlc by tl~rSopherim ta do asnp with an appawnt dcragntorg
    rcfctbwce to Jetorah. See Appendix, page 398.

    il&t~!p hI, L?1.o.himp; tho plnrnl nnmease."


    Rl.n'rrh. *Lite~nlly,L L ~ h r r ~ b
    M, ;' ' but d o u h t l ~in~ ~n oolleative uensr. TIljs 3s the h t occrrrcncc of the word in Etckicl. See
    Ihekirl 1: 22-28, I&, 31. g Lit~rnllg."yon mnst mbrk n mnrk," M.
    "I't~aITPI)~Bw
    word for the noun ''tnn~-F'11 tnza, nnd thjs neme hns
    Hebrew alphnhct, wilioh wns
    I)ccn given t o the last letter of
    n~iajerltlyn crow mar11 ( X ). Bat thiu r l n r ~not mean lllat t b r "~nnrk"
    nr tow pnt on the forehead \vns n cross, Compare Job 31: 35, footu o k g, 1v11erctaw is trRnalntcrl L'sigt~ot~re?'

    id.

    !>PI. of

    Or, %riting

    from my sanctuary 'YOU should 6tart,"+ So they


    started with the old men&that were before the

    house.0 And he said further to them: "Defile '2Th


    Z T2;s
    ~
    the house and fiII the courtyards0 with the slain ' z c c 8:T
    ones." Go forth!" And they went forth and ="pC,h'loy;fl
    I,A 2:l
    struck In the city.*
    WCh a 1 7
    8 And it came a b u t that, while they were Jpr 927
    striking and I was left remaining, I proceeded
    t o fall upon my facek and cry out and say: ?,"#f
    "Alas,I1 0 Lord Je'eo~ah!~
    Are you bringing t o
    mln all the remaining ones of Israel while you n&;$~~l$;:w
    are pouring out your rage upon Jemsalem?"r , tr;(. rnj.;!2.3
    9 So he said to me: "The error of the house
    of Israel and Judah is very, very great,%d the B=;F
    :;
    land is filled with bloodshedot and the city is full F$ly:ld
    of ~rwkedness;~
    for they have mid, 'Jehovah
    has left tile landdv and Jehovah is not seeing.'er t;n;!;L;;s~
    2335
    8" And as for me also, my eye will not feel , "D"Df7!?'
    sorry,z neither shall I show compassion,' Their ~
    ~
    ~
    PS 1 u : 1 ~
    WRY I shall certainly bring upon t h e i ~o m I:;n
    29:15
    x b e ';:.I
    he~d."~
    "ELO5:11
    11 And, look? the manf clothed with the cr)Pni,.tr
    '11 1i.P.i
    llnenf ~t whose hips there was the inkharn,~ 21
    r Ir 10:30
    """
    "
    was bringing back word, saying: "I: have done
    o ~ m:m
    t
    just as you have commanded rne,"O
    And 1 continued t o see, and, look! upon
    the expanse* that w ~ over
    s
    tho head of -Ezcl:aP
    the cherubs t h e r e was somelhfng like spphire
    stone,' Iike the appearance of the likeness of cRe-#:s
    R throne," appearing above them. a And he praceedeed to say to the manc cIothed with the Ra Q:a
    r<

    '

    10

    "h2cn." M, a.sd.skintt. b "Lord Jchovnl~?" 31, A.do.my' Tehohu~ik";


    Vg, Jlo'la~in*#$ De'rw; Sg, "Lard of lorils" ; T, LgJehovallG orl";
    Z u t h ~ r Cierrnnn, Herr H e w ! OOr, ''(lrctl~ of hlooil." Lite~mtly,
    " t ~ l o o r l ~M.
    ~ ' Or, ''earth." J-f, sr'rrr. Or, 'xnd there ia no Jc)tot'nll ~cciug."("The man." 31, Ira-f~h. O1al "pil+tin& case."
    a

    Ilnen,'
    even
    to
    say: 'Triter in between the
    ~
    1
    ~
    w
    h
    e
    e
    l
    w
    ~
    r
    k
    ~
    in
    l
    ~
    under
    the cherubs,fiand fill the
    kp,"?;;F6
    hollows of both your hands wlth conlm of Are
    w;
    :f;;b from between the cherubs and toss [them] over
    rcn 6.6
    r d E 1.13
    So he entered in before my eyes.
    ~ ? ~ 1 2 5 : 9the
    1.r: 3 G : N
    3Andthechemrbswemstandingtothefight
    P.~B:~
    of the house when the manb entered, and the
    $j,cloud wag filling the inner courtya1d.s * And
    the glory of Jel~ovahbegan to rise up from the
    q$;elf::gcherubs&by the threshold of the house,' and the
    house gradually became filled wlth Ihe doud,"
    uz;i~iF
    ?m 5.13 and thr courtyard i h l f was full of the brightme 63!5
    FraR 2:g ness of the glory of Jehovah. * And the very
    I:? 15:s
    JPE),~
    1 ~ 2 4 sound of the wings of the cherubv made itself
    I.'IK~7:9
    ,:, heard t o the outer cowtyard,r like the sound of
    -Dn 9 4
    God" Alrnightycwwhen he spmks.a
    - .:oe 195
    m@4:12
    6 And it came about, when he commanded
    PS m:3
    1'5 65:33
    the
    manb clothed with the linen, saying: "Take
    JOh 12:z
    .rzel:15
    fire
    from
    between the wheelwork,' from be~
    $
    B
    tlre cherub^,"^ that he proceeded to enter
    .$!; tween
    and stand beside the wheel. Then the cherub
    thrust his hand out from between the cherubs
    "bel : ~
    to the fire that was between the cherubsAand
    I cnrrtrd nnd put [it] into the hollows d t h e
    '
    :
    ha~rls,oi lhe orle clotherl with thc linen,; who
    now took [it] and went out, And there was
    seen belonging t o the cherubs the representation
    ofahandof ea&hlingmandundertheirwfngs.+
    9 And I continued to see, a d , look! there
    were four rvheeIs beside the cherubs, one wheel
    beside the one cherub and one wheel beside the
    mi other cherub,mand the appearance of the rvkeels
    *

    ,,,

    "::;

    NC.hembs,'' LdLTTg.Lib~~rdly,
    "chernb," 31; bur d o ~ t h t l win the
    rollective sense, bL'hInn.') l i t i ~ h *"God
    .
    Almigll*." Jf, El S h ~ l b
    &'a;'
    L X X , TIre.08' b'addui; yg, Ddwg orn.~i.po't~n8.d '%nrtUing
    man?' M, a-dam',
    a

    was like the glowa of a chrysolite stone." And


    ;?&
    as for their appearance, the four of them had
    one likeness,just as when a wheel proves to be
    in the midst of a wheelOb#
    l1 When they would *me 1 : ~
    go, to their four sidesc they would go. They
    would not change direction when they went,
    because the place t o which the head would face,,
    after it they would go. They would not change
    direction when they wentnk And all their flesh
    and their backs and their hands and their wings
    and the wheeIs were full of eyes all around." n e 4 g l g
    The four of them had their whwls.
    regards R e 4:8
    the wheels, to them it was called out in my
    ears, "0 wheeI~vork!" l4 And [each] one had
    four faces.' The first face was the face of the
    cherub,. and t h e second face was the face of
    ;ig
    earthling man,dl and the third was the face of tE&Io
    a lion," and the fourth was the face of an eagle.v ;,",h$;!
    1l:Z
    15 And the cherubs would risey-it was the
    [same] living creature that I had seen at the
    river Che'barz- lfl and when the cherubs went,
    $iq3
    the wheels would go alongside them;' and when
    t h e cherubs lifted up their wings to be high
    above the earth, the wheels would not change
    direction, even they themsdves, from alongside
    them.'
    When these stood stilI, they would OEee l:21
    stand still; and when these rose,O they wouId 4EZeX:20
    rise with them, for the spirite of the living c;Tobn:3
    zm 12:1
    creaturef was in them.'
    mEx 40.54
    IS And the glorp of Jehovah proceeded to go giEy
    forth from over the threshoId of the house and to gg
    stand still over the cherubs." lo And the cherubs "g
    &::

    "E

    zs

    Lite~ally,"eye," W, b See Ezekiel 1:16,footnote a. s Or, "direcbion~." d "Earthlin mm." Y, a.dl~m'. * "Spirit.'> Mr ru'ahh; LXX,
    pwdmra; Vg, s p k Fa'.tas.f "The living creature," M; "life," LXIITrg.
    B

    began t o lift up their wings and rise from the


    l m z earth before my eyes.* When they wentforth, the
    wheels also were close alongside them; and they
    began standing at the easternk entrance of the
    gate of the house of Jehovah, and the glory of
    nEzekxthe God& of Israel was over them, from ab0ve.n
    1:aZ
    20 This is the living creaturerthat I had seen
    Eze 3:23
    sme 1:1 under the God&of IsraeI a t the river Che'bar,"
    SO that I came to h o w that they were cherubset
    t
    E
    i!;%
    uRe
    ~ z6:7
    1:s
    e
    2L As for the four, [each] one had four facesU
    and [each] one had four wings, and the likeness
    of the hands of earthling manb was under their
    vme 10:8 wings.' 22 And as for the likeness of their faces,
    y k e l : i 0 a e y were the faces the zppearance of which I
    ":&?& had seen by the river Che'bar, the very 0nes.y
    :':,Eze
    '::? 3:14 They would go each one straight f ~ r w a r d . ~
    And a spirit@ proceeded t o Iift me upu
    Bze 8 3
    "eb ':'
    and bring me to the eastern gate of the
    EEze 3:l2
    Eze 37:1
    house of Jehovah that i s facing eastward: and,
    g:,,
    :4gi3:94 look! in the entrance of the gate there were
    twenty-five men,aband I got t o see in the midst
    0 1Sie 8:16
    +lcn
    I sa 1.10
    1:23
    of them Ja.ma.ni'ah the son of Az'zur and
    ~.:~r?n:n
    Peba.ti'ah* the son of Be.naitah,f princes of the
    Iln 5:lo
    people.' m e n hes said t o me: "Son of man,
    *T.:r 8.1
    1's 2:2
    ,, as:4 these are the men1' that are scheming hurtful; \ ness and advising bad counsel against this cityim
    2; "1%$8 that are saying, 'Is not the building of houses
    ; close at hand?" She' is the widemouthed cook"g;&!! ing pot, and we are the flesh.'*

    Jc,E,$t$

    ,, 11

    --

    I(God.fl N,El.o.himf. b idEatl-llhgman." bf! a.damr. c "Spirit."


    31, rn'ahh; LXX, pnazl'mm; Vg, spifli.tvs, d "Mm!' IrZ, isk.
    a

    e"Pel.a.ti'ah." M, Pelat.ya'hzd; meaning "Ynh(u) Has Provided


    Escape." f "Be.nairah." M, Bena.yo'ht4; meanhg "Yah(u) Haa
    Bi~ilt." g "He,"ImgT ; "Jehovah," L X X S y . "Men," U,a.ni.skimr;
    the plnrd nurnbey of bk. 1 "She," in the feminine gender in M, to
    refer to the city of Jeruadem. (Verse 2)

    EZEKIEL 1l:A'I
    4 'Therefore prophesy against them. Proph-

    YOU people have put in the midst of her,d


    83
    they are the fiesh,u and shed is the widemouthed
    cookln~3.pot:Vand there will be a bringing forthe V g ; #
    of YOU y o w l v e s out of the midst of her.' "y yJ*r5'"27
    8 " 'A sword YOU have feared," and a sword ?
    ::g:::
    I shall bring upon YOU,' jfs the utterance of *E!y:2
    the Lord Jehovah,' %And
    I shall certainly &Th,haf,:
    bring YOU forth out of the midst of herd and $I&jjl!lr
    give YOU into the hand of strangersu and exe- ,{:;L.';'kn
    cute upon YOU ads of j u c l p e t ~ t . IOBy
    ~
    the $ist:g
    sword YOU will fall," On the rerritoryf of Israel'
    I shall judge YOU peoplelmand YOU will have to
    know tlmt 1 am Jehovah.' llShe"herseIf
    will #~.,~:&
    not prove to be f o r YOU a w,yidemauthed cooking
    ?;{'
    pot,* and YOU your~elveswill notfi prove t o be

    whom

    'r;'zL?
    {z
    'c;

    'Or, "nctive force." 11, rn'nlrh; L S X , pnrrc'ma;

    flesh in the mfdst of her.k On the territory of


    Israel I shaIl judge YOU, and You will have to
    know that I am Jehovah, bec~usein my regulations you dfd not walk and my judgments You
    l;FiF$J did not do,ll but accclrdivlg t o the judgmenls of
    natlons that are round about You, YOU have
    g
    ;g+z the
    Ne 9 : x
    done.'
    "r
    Ps n : 1 0
    13 And It came about that as soon as I proph20:16
    Peln~.tI'nh"
    the son of Be.n~i'nho himset
    r 2U c~ 1'3.30
    i ~ i : lesied
    o
    died,a and I praeeeded to fall upon my PRCF! and
    Ps ???=
    cry with a loud voicet and say: "Alas, 0 Lord
    aIhl
    ,..
    P' 6 2 5
    Jehovahlu Is it an extermination that you are
    Ac 5::
    t~slls:rzo executing with t h e remaining ones of X ~ r a e l ? " ~
    uEac 8:8
    une 9 i s
    14 And the word of Jehovah continued to oc1's 106:23
    cur t o me, saying: "Son of m m , as regards
    ?+Iflae 5 your brothers,Y your brothers, the menQoncerned with your claim for repurchasing, and
    a11 the house of Israel, all of it, are the ones to
    whom the inhabitants of Jerusalem 11ave said,
    'Get far away from Jehovah. To us It belongs;
    the land has been given [us] as a thing to pessessFz tllerefore say, 'This is what the Lord
    Jehovah
    has said: "A1Ehough I have put them
    "pzy
    SKI 24:15 far nwny nmnng the nations, and although I
    la,:
    .I<? 11
    have scatierccl them among the lands," yet I
    ,I,.~. ,I.?
    shall become t o them a sanctuary for a little
    ;y;
    "L;$;,ZO wllilee among the lands to which they have
    ;$ r?:acome." "
    ~ e;
    17 '"erefare
    say, 'This is what the Lord Jet+Isn1 l : l L
    .ler 24% hovah has said: "I will also collect YOU from the
    f er 3I:lD
    Jer 32:s~ peoples and gather You from the lands among
    Eze 34.13
    xzesfila which YOU hnve been scattered, and 1 will give
    Ezti 3751
    ,
    ,,:,, you the sol1 of Israel.* And they will certainly
    kMic 3:3

    ma M:I
    esy, 0 Son of n ~ a n . " ~
    Ezc? 3:17
    5 And t h e spirita of Jehovah proceeded t o
    if
    fa11 upon men and he went an to my t o me: =$;n
    "Say, 'Thb is what Jehovah has said:' "You L ~ C P ?
    AC 1u:44
    people said the right thing, 0 house of Israel; rEte2:4
    and as regards the tlmings that come up En YOUR
    spiritJbsI myself have known itac YOU have ~mem:a
    1CO 2Lll
    caused YOUR sIain ones in this dty to be many,
    and YOU have filled her streets with the slain
    [ones]." * * j t r uTherefore this is what the Lord r:y $li:a
    JeI~ovahhas said, ' A s mgnrds TOUR slain ones hit 2 ~ : 3 s

    Tg, spir'tttra.

    Sec licnrsia 1 :2, foatnote (1, b L i t m ~ ~ l I"the


    y , nsuents of FQCA ~ p i r i t
    r14'ciJrh]," sM, e''Itm''
    In the fcnlil~inc~ c n d o rreferring
    ,
    to the spirit.
    Or, Yt," in tho feminine ~ l i d n i.a 11, to refer to the ciig e l
    Jerasnlcnl, QNThererriU be n I~ringillgPortl~.~'The Hebrew verb
    ~ P I ' Pi q u ~ d ~ m t o oto
    d be in ths ialinltiva nbrrolukzand hence ja impe~.rtonalar~di n d ~ h i Sas to t i m ~ .T t is t~qcdas the subject nC the
    s~ntence. Complu'e Deuteronomy 2;:8, footnote a; f i o d u s 20 :8,
    faotnole 1, for, '%ounclary; border." sulVat," LXXTgSy.

    $zo

    Or, %boundary; holrler.5'

    b See veme 1,footnote o. "Be.nai'ah,"


    31, Bem.yah'. Compare vcrse 1, footnote f, "Men."11, a.nH.shimpj
    the plural number of iah. Or, "in a Little my."
    a

    come there and Tmove all its disgusting things


    and all its detestabIe things out of it.O loAnd I

    dwelling, that have eyes to see but they actually

    bJm 16:"
    Eze 511

    shaIl certainly give them one heart; and a new p~gia


    spirit8 I shall put inside them;" and I shaIl cerg;:&
    tainly remove the heart of stone from their +De30:6
    flesh" and give them a heart of ffesh," 2o in order $
    ;$ g:kn
    that they may walk in my own statutes and
    keep my own judiciaI decisions and actually *;;5:,i;O
    carry them out; and they may actually become
    my peopIelc and I myself may become their
    ;C4;,.:12
    (2nd." 'en
    "But as for those whose heart is xgR,
    2:5
    wallEing ha their disgusting things and their :TtF E:.
    detestable things,' upon their head I shall cer- ;LF,"A:$l
    tainly bring their own way," is the utterance Heb3:12
    of the Lord Jehovah.' Mu
    ~nE ez e2231
    9:lo
    22 And the cherubs proceeded to Sit up their tE:;:y9
    wings, and the wheels were close by them,t and UE;.~?;
    the gloryu of the Godc of IsraeI was over them, 5:;
    from above.v 23 And the glory of Jehovah went Eze 9:3
    ascending from over the midst of the cityy and $:E i?lS
    began t o stand over the mountainE that is to
    the east of the city.* "And a spiritm"itself lifted ,
    :,'
    me upA and finally brought me t o Chal.de% to *g,"p;;32
    the exiled people,Vin the vision by the spirite+
    of God;c and the vision that 1 had seen went ~E z e~8 : 3s ~ Q
    ascending from upon me." ' B k n d I began t o ag::?iz
    speak t o the exiled people all the things of Jeha- $::3z2
    PPS
    Eze137:1
    13
    vah that he had caused me to see."
    Eze 3:15
    And the word of Jehovah continued t o *me11:s
    1722
    occur to me, saying: "Son of man, in BGe
    G c 35:13
    the midst of a rebellious house is where you are . ~ ~ ~ : : f l -

    12

    '(Sphit." M, rzt'rshk; LXX, pneu'ma; Vg, spkri.tus, b Them,"


    LXXlTgEgT a r ~ dmany Hebrew manusaripts; "YOU," If,* "God."
    M, El.o.him'. d LikaLly, "into the heart of: 31. e Or, "active
    forae." M, ru'rthk; LXX, pwea'mn; Vg, sph'i.tws. See Gmesis 1 : 2,
    footnote d ; 6 : 17 and 7 : 15, footnote d.
    a

    jrDe29:4
    Isa 6:g
    I do not see,' that have ears t o hear
    ~t lSjl3 ' actually do not hear," for they are a
    lrJer 3.21

    but they

    rebellious
    house."
    AS for you, 0 son of man, make up f o r
    RO xi:!
    nEze 2:3
    yourself Iuggage f o r exile and go into exile in
    the daytime before their eyes, and you must go
    into exile from your place to another place before
    eyes.' Perhaps they will see, thougha
    rmPa.1:2
    & ~ ~they
    ~ l their
    are a rebellious house.g And you must
    bring out your luggage like luggage for exile
    in the daytime before their eyes, and you yourwill go out in the eveningt before their eyes
    l;Ei $:: self
    like
    being brought forth for exile."
    y;;5T;y 5 Ulose
    "&fore their eyes bore y m way thmugh
    the wall, and you must do the bringing out
    ~~~1
    Jer 3 9 4 through iLV Before their eyes you will do t h e
    carrying on the shoulder itself. During the
    darkness you will do the bringing out. You will
    cover your very face that you may not see the
    earth,Y because a portentZ is what I have made
    ;g","1i5;30
    m e 2424 you to the house of Israel.'"
    'Isa 8:18
    Eze4:3
    7 And I: proceeded t o do just the way that I
    had been commanded. My luggage I brought
    just like luggagenfor exile, in the daytime;
    ' +~:? out,
    F ;$
    and in the evening 1: bored my way through the
    wall by hand. During t h e darkness I did the
    ;:.',
    :I?&bringing out. On my shoulder I did the carrying,
    before their eyes.
    $,"2$$2
    Ps7a:g
    8 And the word of Jehovah continued to ocPS 1fl:ll
    Isa 1 : ~ cur t o me in the morning, saying: 'Ton of man,
    Eze 2:5
    n,3,9 did not those of the house of Israel, the rebellious
    Eze 1712
    ~ ~to you, 'What are you doing?'@lo Say
    Eze 2 4 3 hO U S say
    is what the Lord Jehovahb has
    $Eze
    E k e Ze:19
    20:49 to them, "is
    a Or, "will see that." b"The Lord Jeho~ah;' If, A.do:raau' YBhow'ih'; L K S , KgJ~.os
    KgJri.os,the first. oocurrence in EeeIasl (LXIZ);
    Lnther German, der B e r s H e w .

    EZEKIEL 12:11-19

    42

    said: "As regards the chieftain,' there is this +grE;


    pl-onouncement against Jerusalem@and all the ge
    house of Israel who we in the midst of them." '
    ms",i;:y
    31 Say. 'I am a portent" for YOU.Just as I have
    done, that is the way itwill be done t o thm.Into, , ,* g:t;;y
    13:1
    exile, into captivity they will gomu
    le And as re,ygf$p
    gards the chieftain who is in the midst of them, J@r59:15
    on the shoulder he will do carrying in the darkness and go out; through the wall they will bore
    254
    in order to do the bringing forth through it.1~His kaKL
    J e r 39:4
    Jer52:7
    face he will cover in order that he may not see
    with his own eye the earth.' l9 And I shall certainly spread my net over him, and he must be
    caught in my hunting net;n and I will bring him n$!Ob,9:G,
    to Babylon,a to the land of the ChaI.defans, but "J"g;t;;
    it he will not see; and there he will die." l4 A n d ,
    ys
    all who are round about him as a help, and all g
    EIO 7:12
    his military bands, I shall scatter to every.&$?&?
    wind;"^ and a sward I shall draw out after $::$$$
    t h m . t And they wiU have to know that I am ~e~~~~
    Jehovah when I disperse them among the na- s5;t;
    tions and I actually scatter them among the
    1ands.u lo And I: will leave remaining from them t?ur~;mf6
    74:17
    9;16
    a few menc from the sword,^ from the famine UPS
    Ene 6:13
    1:9
    and from the pestilence, in order that they may vIsa
    Isa 10:22
    Jcr 30:11
    recount all their detestable things among the Ese 6:s
    Ito 9:27
    nations to whom they must come i n ; Y and they yr,c
    2k40
    EL@ 1422
    will have t o h o w that I a m Jehevah."z
    Un 9:s
    29:24
    17 And the word of Jehovah continued t o oc- rI)e
    JPT 23:8
    cur to me, saying: l 8 "Son of man,with quaking
    your bread you should eat, and with agitation
    and with anxious care your water you should *%%%
    drink.' And you must say to the people of the Eg$
    airBabylon," LXXYg; "Ba'bel," MSyT. b ' v i n d . " M, m'akh;
    L X X , urfis.a~tos;Vg, vsvftue. c "Xen." M, a.fii.slaimp.

    43

    EZEKIEL 12 20-27

    land,= 'This is what the Lord Jehovah has said


    t o the inhabitants of Jerusalem uponb the soil
    UlKi 171a
    2Ki25:3 of Israel: "With anxious care their bread they
    A E z e 4-16
    oIsa 631 will eatjnand with horror their water they will
    Jer 4:27
    z,, 7:14 drink,* in order that its land may be laid deso+G,'
    ,;$?34 late of its fullness0because of t h e violence of all
    Jer 6zr
    @Isa 64:10 those dwelling in it* 20 And the inhabited cities
    Jer 4:7
    tZlernseIv-es will be devastated," and the land
    Jer 25'9
    3er NIZZ itself will become a mere desolate waste;"and
    Da 9:17
    YOU will have t o know that I am Jehovah." ' "*
    .I,, 7:24
    Isa 24:s
    21 And the word of Jehovah occurred further
    J W 4:23
    Jer 12:11
    "Son of man, what is this pro#Eze 6:13 t o me,saying:
    verbial saying that YOU people have an the soil
    =
    :?;$
    saying, 'The days are prolonged,n
    pe
    ;,G
    z
    l3 ofandIsrael,"
    8:1
    every
    vision"
    has perished'?' e7 Therefore
    sJer 5:XZ
    2Pe3:4
    say t o them, 'This is what the Lord Jehovah
    has said: "Ishall certainly cause this proverbial
    saying to cease, and they will no more say i t as
    a proverb in Israel." 's But speak t o them, 'The
    sg;ey;z
    tJoc
    o b 15
    2:1
    days have drawn near,t and the matter of every
    Zep 1:14 vision.' " For there wilI no more prove to be
    Mnl 4:1
    any valueless visionu nor double-facedc divinaI,,
    tion
    in the midst. of the house of 1srael.v 9 6 ' "For
    :1% :$%
    1 myself, Jehovah, shall speak what word I shall
    iz!
    Ln ~2.3.1.1
    54
    1 - i speak, and it will be d0ne.y There will be no
    J Isa
    r\a 55.11
    14.24 postpunement any more, for in YOUR days,= 0
    L a 2:17
    r e b e U i ~ uhouse,
    ~
    I shall speak a word and cerDa 9:12
    z e c 1 : ~ tajdy do it," is the utterance of the Lord
    zJeP 16:9

    #X

    Nab 1.5

    Jehovah.' "
    26 And the word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: 8 v % ~of
    n man, look! those
    of the house of Israel are saying, 'The vision
    that he is visioning is many days o f f ,and re-

    a u P h e people of the innd." See Ezekiel 7 :27, footnote f. .Or,


    "concerning." U, el. "Upon," LXXl'gT. Or, 4'srnaoth.''

    "

    ~pecting tlmes far off he is prophesying." &!;,'5!


    P a Therefore say t o them, 'Thla la what the Lord w e
    Jehovah has said: " 'There will be no postponement any more as to any rt.orcls of mine.'
    What word I shall speak, It will even be done,' J'.c1*15
    is the uttwance of the Lord Jehovah." ' "
    And the word of Jehovah continued to
    mcur to me, saying: "'Son of man,
    prophesy concerning the prophets of Israel who
    are prophesying? and you must say to those Ag;&!50
    prophesying out of thefr own heartlo'Hear the
    word of Jehovah.' This is whet the Lord Jeho- g!; 3;:
    vah has said: 'Woe t o the stupid prophets:
    who are ~valkingafter their own spirit,aSwhen o;y;;;;4
    .I,r 2'1110
    , c8rZH:15
    there is nothing that they have seen!* Like 'A
    nl 7:lt
    foxes in t h e devastated places are what your '
    g
    '
    ,
    ::;
    own prophets have become, 0 IsraelVk"You 7
    :
    "
    ?,:;I
    men will wrtainly not go up Into the gaps,n
    neither tvill YOU build up a stone walP in behalf ;;:!;:;:p
    of the house of brael, in order to stand in the MIC :1:5
    2:,1
    battlevn the day of JehovahqflnO "They have Ign
    F : J ~ :1:14
    visioned what fs untrue and n lying divinati~n,~
    ":??&:if3
    those who are saying, 'The utterxnce of Jeho- ,f.;:,ll!;:$
    vah is,'tl when Jehovah himself has not sent qk,"B2;1:i
    them, and they have wnltnl t o have a word f!,$*$:!
    come true.v 1s it not an untrue vision that YOU
    men have vlsiond, and a lying divination that ; y?,; ;r
    YOU have said, when saying, 'The ~~tterance
    of i;; F;;
    ~ 1
    Jehovnh is,' when I myself have spoken noth- ~ ~ J:YI
    y26h 1R:ll
    bg?" *Y
    Jrbr 2X31
    8 " 'Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah
    has said: " 'For the reason that YOU meal have
    spolren untruth and YOU have visioned a lie,
    a "Spitit?' 'K rw'ahh; LLT, knr-di'u ('Eheart") ; Vg, spfr'kt~is.

    E;!Vtherefore here I am against YOU,'= is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah." And my hand has
    ?.n 3:n
    11~e3:12 come t o be against the prophets that are visioning untruth and thplt are divining a lie.' In the
    f t l : t intimate" group of my people they will not continue on, and in the registera of the house of
    Israel they will not be written? and t o the sol1
    'EK@7:5
    ,"pS:;j:
    of Israel they will not corne;O and YOU peopleb
    P r 89:29
    1-a 4.3
    nn I? 1 will have t o know that I am the Lord J e h o ~ a h , ~ '
    1. I
    l o for the mason, yes, for the reason that they
    I,U io:ao
    r i ~ a12:as have led my p p l e astray,@saying, "There is
    pe~ce!"when there js no peace,' and there is
    ~?%i:~
    -P- n:ls,
    (i.13
    one that is building a partition wall, but in vain
    ;::!: there are those plastering it with w h l t e ~ a s h . ~
    11 "Say t o those plastering with rvhftewash
    I r m 12:zfi
    ,
    ':',!;\??: that it will fall. A Rooding downpour will cerNil 2:u

    *zr1;$y7,
    Bz,;'%m

    13

    or,

    i'1vflri

    tainly occur, and YOU, 0 hailstones, will fall,d


    and a blaste of windstorms itself wIll muse a
    ~
    u
    lo
    '
    ~ p l i t t i n g ."~And, look! the wall must fall. WiI1
    1 7 6 22: 38
    it not be said to you men, "ere
    is the coatinge
    I
    I
    l h l l 2rr
    r ,c :ln!23 with which YOU dld the plastering?'"
    $71 7 . 3
    r l r~ f r :w
    13 '"erefore
    thls Is what the Lord Jehovah
    . f , 37
    ~
    18
    has said, 'I
    will dso cause a blaste of windstorms
    t o burst forth in my rage, and in my anger
    there will occur a flooding downpour, and In
    rage there will be haiIstonea for an exterminark$$$Sti0n.r " A n d I wI11 t a r down the wall that YOU
    :;i,?S,iZ!,men have pIastered with whitewash and bring
    St into contact with the earth, and its Iounda"rP:ll
    JPr

    1.1:13

    23:?7
    *A'h 14:12
    J(.P

    TJitcrdly,

    *viritiDg," M. b T o r peoplq"' MV$$l?;


    the^:' LXX.
    "TIP Lord Jehrrrxh," 31; "J~ellovnli," LLS; ..the Lor11[or, Jrhamh] CTorl,'' Vg; ('the Lorti of Iorrh," SF;"J&ovnh God," 'r, d "And
    rou, I) hnilatones, mill fall,'' 11; "ntld I shall @ r e hurlinpstonee
    sgaillat Iheir bondings,,nnd thcg will Enll," L X S ; "and 1 ~ h n l Rive
    l
    TQSF Inrac stonm h n q from n b o r ~ , 'Tg.
    ~
    "Blast." M, rn'abk;
    LAYXIp t ~ r ~ r ' ' j~ lVg,
    ( r rear ~ V I S("wind"). Or, "plaster."'
    e

    47
    tion must be exposed.a And shea will certainly
    fall, and YOU must come to an end in the midst
    of her;" and YOU wiU have to know that I am

    fl$C?;,3

    $b7!;+3
    tEke 6:13
    Eze 14:s

    Jeh~vah.'~
    15 " 'And I will bring my rage t o its fmish
    upon the wall and upon those plastering it with
    whitewash, and 1 shall say to YOU men: "The
    wall is no more, and those plastering it are no
    l6
    the prophets of Israel that are proph- :$U $
    !,!
    esying to Jerusalem and that axe visioning
    for her a vision of peace,v when there is no qfz;$f;
    peace," ' i s the utterance of the Lord Jehovak.7 ;$: ;A;;
    17 "And as for you, 0 son of man, set your y ~ ~ ; ~
    face" against the daughters of your people who z&51;F
    I
    are acting as prophetesses' out of their own * ~ ~ 0 ; ; 6
    heart; and prophesy against them. l aAnd you
    must say, 'This is what the Lord Jehovah has alsa 31s
    said: "Woe t o the women sewing bands together Re 2:m
    upon all elbowsb and making veils upon the
    head of every size in order to hunt souls!c" Are AE-h;2iy
    2:14
    the soulsC that You women hunt down the ones
    belonging t o my people, and the soulsc belonging t o YOU the ones that YOU preserve aIfve?O baTl3:6
    loAnd will YOU profane me toward my people
    '
    ~
    e
    for the handfuls of barlep and for the morsels *gC?::f;
    of bread, in order t o put to death the soulsc that g;l&.;$~g
    ought not to diex and in order t o preserve alive
    the soulsCthat ought not to live by YOUR lie to yiE:gk:
    m y people, t h e hearers of a lie?" '*
    Wer
    Jer 2.3:~
    23:17
    20 "Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah
    has said, 'Here I am against t h e bands of YOU

    i$?>

    Or, "it," This personal pronoun is in the feminine gender, s i q u lar number, mcl so referring not to the wall (masculine), but,
    possibly, t o the city. Literally, "the joints of hands," M. c "Souls."
    M, wBpha.shdth'; the feminine gender, pIurd number, of nePhpesk;
    L X X , psy.c?zuit; Vg, a'ni.mae.
    a

    EZEKIEL 13:21-14 :4

    women, with which aou are hunting down the


    soulsa as though they were flying things,b and
    I will rip them from off YOUR arms and let goo
    the souls& that YOU are hunting down, soulsd
    kZTi 3:8
    as though they were flying things.hk And I
    will rip away YOUR veiIs and deliver my peopIe
    out of YOUR hand, and they will no more prove
    to be in YOUR hand something caught in the
    hunt; and YOU will have t o know that I am
    Jeh0vah.n 8a By reason of dejecting the heart of
    n&g9,
    g
    i?T3
    B e 1l:lo a righteous one with fal~ehood,~
    when I myself
    rJcr 420
    ~sr=+:14had not caused him pain, and for making the
    sJer 23:14 hands of a wicked one strongs so that he would
    ~
    ;
    ~
    tder 6 5 4 not turn back from his bad way in order to preJer S:II serve him alive: PS therefore untruth You wornJer 2317
    en will not keep on visioning and divinatio*
    2 ~ 2:18
    e
    uNu 22:7
    D, 18:10 YOU will divineY no 1onger;Y and I will deliver
    ge:'3:zmy people out of YOUR handjzand YOU will have
    t o know that I am Jehovah.' "*
    l;","Sit&$
    Isa 4 4 9 5
    And mene from the elderly ones of TsrEze 12:24
    rae15 proceeded t o come t o me and sit
    B I ~ C3:6
    rrEze 34:lO down before me." %d
    the word of Jehovah
    ZPe 2:9
    continued
    to
    occur
    to
    me,
    saying
    : a "Son of man,
    LEIi4ig
    ?
    as~ regards
    ~ these~ men," they have brought up
    A1snm15
    IT/.P ~LQ: I
    7 ~ 4 1 their dungy idolsC upon their heart, and the
    block causing their error they have
    b E ; ,3i
    ~ g stumbling
    put
    in
    front
    of their faces,O Shall I be in.f&2&
    quired
    o
    f
    at
    all
    by them?' +Therefore speak
    ga5:ig
    with
    them
    and
    you
    must say t o them, 'This is
    2;
    i6Souls.'J3f>?kepphra-shbth'. the feminine gender, plural number f
    ~ t e p h ' e s l ~LXX,
    ;
    psll.ciia(*
    afni.mae. Or, "nb though "&
    :;
    =nZore literally, "and send arras," 31. d "Sods." M, c6"hn.shds~~';
    the masculine gender, plural number, of neph'esfi. The only place
    here it uecurs in M; hence probably meant to read (by a oorixotion) hkaph.shimt (l'free ones"). * "Alen." Jf, n.qth'.shim'; the plwd
    number of is?^
    a

    49

    what the Lord Jehovah has said:' "Any man -3:4


    at dla of the house of Israel thnt brings up his
    dungy iclolsxupon his heart and that places the '$&Ti?&,
    very stumbling block causing Irjs error in front zg; ;&E
    of his face and that actually comes to the proph- ELC 44:m
    et, I, Jehovah, I will let myself be brought to
    answer him in the matter according t o the
    multitude of his dungy idols,* for the purpose
    of catching the house of Israel by their heart,lt
    bemuse they have withdrawn themselves from l i c b 3:12
    me through their dungy idols, ~ l ofl Zh~m." 'n nEr" ?;I5
    6 "Therefore say t o the house af Israel, 'This z;:i;:8
    is what the Lord Jehovah" has snid: "Come
    bad{ and turn yourseIves back from YOUR dungy
    Idolsr and turn YOUR faces back even from all r:$gg&
    YOUR dete~tablethings;# for any man at alln pa&&
    from the house of Israel or from the temporary
    Ac 3:19
    residents that reside for a while in fsrxel, that s2Ch
    w i t h d r a m himself from fallowing meLand that ISE 329:E
    053
    13:27
    brings up his dungy idols upon his heartu and J c r 6:21
    that sets the very stumbling block causing his t$b16f44
    error in front of his face and that actualIy F,",?;:
    comes to the prophet to make fnqufryfor himself by me,' I, Jehovah, I am letting myself be tE;&&?
    brought to answer him by r n v l f . And I must ge
    set my face against that rnant:r and place him PE,";\%::0,
    for a sign5 and for proverbial ~ayings,'and I z ~ & ~ " o : ~ ~
    must cut hlm off from the miclst of m y p e o ~ l e ;'gF%i7
    ~
    20:3
    and you people will have to know that 1 am

    ;oz

    ez:3":"12

    J e l l ~ ~ a h ,'A' '

    A&

    ~ : 7

    " 'And as for the prophet, in case he gets


    fooled and actually speaks a word, I myself,

    (.I ~t n:aa
    Job 1":16
    ? T I 1 ? 11

    *rm 5725

    h a 9 I7
    I\:! 10 .I
    Ena 1R97

    WC!4.13
    KA[!21:18
    r;11 6 5
    *drr G.13

    Jcr 11:1!3

    WDC 33:11
    Jrr 3 I : l R
    1 !t!b 12:11

    kErc 3 7 : X
    nGe 177

    .lor 2 4 1

    Jrlr 30:22
    I?so 3 3 2 8
    11~1)h:lO
    I : < . ?1:7

    rEzr 0 8
    nLo 26:M
    r Isn 2 1
    JET 15:s
    11J(ir7:20
    I':LP 25:13

    PMt 24:57

    68
    b l ) l l l1):lI
    nJurU 42:B
    *Pr 11..l
    .Ivr 17.1
    YC:#.

    u , ! ' t * 2 'I

    :.Xu 2f:B
    IlCl XI38
    2KI 17:ZJ

    :T4<b

    +Jer15;s
    YJer 131

    -.Uu 1.1:28

    "Any man rtt all." 11, Ch iah. b"Ths Lord Jahoaah." M,A.do.my'
    YaJ~o,ruih';LXX,Ky'ri-os Ky'A.ors; Lnther Qormnn, dor Rsw Herr.
    "SIon." 31, hn-isk.

    24:;ZJ

    2lCl 2 2 1

    EZEKIEL 14: 10-16

    and I
    Jehovah, have fooled that
    stretch out my hand against him and annihilate
    him from the midst of my people Israel.+ " And
    The error
    they will have t o bear their
    aC the inquirer will prove to be just the same as
    the error of the prophet,"l in order that those
    of the house of Israel may no more go wanderIng off from following meYand may no more
    go defiling themselves with all their transgressions." And they must become my people and I
    myself shall b o r n e their God,'n I s the utterance of the Lord Jehovah.""
    12 And the word of Jehovah continued to
    come t o me, saying: lS "Son of man, as regards a
    land, in case it commits sin against me in acting
    ztnfalthfully,r I will also stretch out my hand
    against it and break for it the rods around
    which ring-shaped loaves are suspended," and
    I will send upon it faminet md cut off from i t
    earthling man and domestic animal."ll l4 " ' h d
    had these three menc proved to be in the midst of
    it, No~h,"vDaniely and Job," they tl~emselvesbecause of their righteousness' would dcl iver t heir
    snul,'" is the utteronce of thc Lord J e h o ~ a h . " ~
    15 " 'Or 3 I should make injurlo~~s
    wild
    beasts pass through the landAand they actually
    bereaved it of childrenband it actually became a
    desolate waste wlthout anybody passing through
    on account of t h e wild beasts,' '"were these three
    menCin the midst of it#@
    as I am live,'" is the
    utterance of the Urd Jehovah, 'neither sonsnor
    daughters would they deliver; they, only they

    KGod."?If, Ef,a.Bimr,b Literally, "Yhe stnft! of bwnd," R.I. ot'Men."


    Ira-8l1, d ''So~l,'~M, m~pla'csk; Vg, dnibnrse;By, m'phesh.

    X,Iin-a,wii.Jild; tho plural number of

    themselves, would be delivered and the land


    icac I W :
    itqelf would become a desolate waste,' "k
    Heb 11:
    17 " "Or were it a sward that I should bring
    upon that landn and should I actually say: "Let n$$e,$F$6
    a ;sword itself pass through the land,"' and g::;;;
    should f actually cut off from It earthling mana
    tlnd domestic animal,r l a even were these three rge:$sz
    menb in the midst of it,e as I am alive,' is the &!. d$i
    utterance of the Lord Jehovah, 'they would de- rszo 1i:zd
    liver neither sons nor daughters, but they, only
    they themselves, would ke delivered.' "
    19 " 'Orwere it pestilence that I should sendc
    upon that landt and sllould I ~ctuallypour out TF1j$&
    my rage upon it with blood," in order to cut o f f f;Bi
    from It earthling mana and domestic animal, ;: ;: j ;!
    P " & ~ ewere
    fi
    no ah,^ Danlelr and Job4 in the zPac h91.3
    2u.3
    midst of It,' as I am dive,' is the utterance of
    2;
    :.i;y
    the Lord Jehovah, 'neither son nor daughter U E z e 7 ~
    would they deliver; they themselves because of gfq:!i'g
    their righteousness would deliver their soul.' "au VGE
    11sbC:'II:?
    21, "For this is what the Lord Jehovah has ZJ";$$j3
    said, 'So, too, [it will be] when there will be !i;F&?;:"

    my four injurious acts of judpentb-stvord


    and famine and injurious wild beast and pesti-

    g;;",::!?,
    ~;~l;;:j2

    lencer-that I shall actuaUy send': upon Jerusalem in order to cut ofl from it earthling man&; ; :AOT.:,~ mj;7
    5.1,;
    and domestic animal,' 22 But, loolr! there will '"r m : " ~
    certRInIy be left remaining in it sn escaped corn- mDF 4Lw
    pany, tl~osebeing brought forth." Sons and ~h;!?
    daughters, here they are! They are going forth n,,
    10:20
    Erc B : S
    to YOU people, and YOU will have to see their MI, o:;
    way ~ n their
    d
    dealings.* And YOU will certainly .E:\\:27
    be comforted over the calamity that I shall g;: !j$4s
    a "'Earthling rnnn." 31, adam'. b "3Ien." M,I~n-a.tld-d:im';the plural.
    UUIIII~CI" of i,a-i9fi. tOr, Y e t m.'' d "Saul!' X, saephtwi; LXX,

    pa!/.clrnP; Tg, ntmd.mae.

    EZEKIEL 14:23-45 :8

    51

    EZEKIEL 14:17-22

    -have brought upon Jerusalem, even all that I


    shall h ~ v ebrought upon her .' "'
    23 '"And they will certafinly comfort YOU
    people when YOU see their way and their d e ~ l ings; and YOU will have to h o w that it was not
    without cause that 1 shall have done a11 that E
    must do against" her,?is the utterance of the
    ;%m Lord Jehovah.17Jc
    And the word of Jehovah continued t o
    EW 9.9
    occur to me, saying: "Son of man, in
    what may does the vine t r e e happen to be different fmm every other tree," the shoot, that has
    n
    &
    ?:
    ;
    %
    ?
    15
    come t o be m o n g the trees of the forest?r
    Isa 5:l
    IIo lo:]. "s
    there taken Xmm it a pole wlth which t o do
    M t 21:38
    h i r -1
    some work? Or do people take from it a peg on
    Lu 20:9
    Jah 1 2 1 which to hang any kind of utensil?" Xook!
    rIsa a123
    Into the fire is where it must be put for fuelt
    ,:it;:,
    ZPC 9 1 2 Both mds of It the fire certainly devom, and
    *.IEP2.1:8
    the very middle of it does get scorched.U Is it
    lTaagl.fl
    -1oh 15:6 fit fox any work? Look! When it happens t o
    uIsn 1:31
    4:11 be Intact, it 1s not used for any work. Haw much
    IIeb 1229
    less so, when fire itself has devoured it and i t
    gets scorched, can it actually be used for any
    ir~rthrrworli!"'
    6 "Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah
    yrxa 55% has said, 'dust like the vine tree among the
    trees of the forest, t h a t I have given to the fire
    $E:;,:j
    ~er21:7
    fuel, so I have given t h e inhabitants of JewEza 3247
    y h 1~:10 sa1ern.Y And I have setb my face against them.=
    Ps 5136
    Jer21:TO Out of the Are they have gone forth, ~ n the
    d
    Eze 14:8
    YKI 19:17 Are 9s rvliat will devour them.' And YOU people
    Iso 2d:lS
    ,J
    ,
    ,
    :
    ,
    , w311 have to know that I am Jehovah, when I
    direct my face against them.' "'
    8 " Nncl I will make the land a desolate
    cZe
    E Z 6.a
    7:4
    ~

    "Jer 3:25

    kE

    '

    z$~&i9
    01;"in."

    Liternlly, "gi~en,"JI,

    EZEKIEL 16:1-7

    52

    waste: for the reason that they have a d d


    k%j,
    unfaithf~lly,'~
    is t h e utterance of the Lord g$czg
    VBCK36:14
    Jehovah."
    And the word of Jehovah cEtrne further
    to me, saying: "Son of man, make
    known* to Jerusalem her detestable things.' +&yes$;;4

    16

    Ez e 2 2 2
    %nd you n ~ r s tsay, T l ~ l sis what the Lord eEze
    6:6
    Jehovah llas said to Jerusalem : "Your origin
    24:18
    and your birth were from the land of the
    Cakna~n.lte."Your father was the Arn'or.ite,"" zg!
    and your mother was a Hitltite.lc And as re- &;z,;?
    gards your birth, on the day of your being ;g
    ; :;;;;
    born1 your navel. string had not been cut, and kg:&o;
    in water you had not been washed for cleansing, G e 2;:46
    and with saIl y ~ had
    u not at all been rubbed, 2"s'21"i3$
    and by no means had you been swaddled." W N!
    g~ ,S:j
    eye took pity upon you to do ior you one of J"&.?f::,
    these things in compassion upon you,rbut you 2; ;
    were thrown upon the surface of the field be- ~ I S R4 9 : ~
    cause there was an abhorring of your soula in
    m~m
    51:z
    the day of your being born.'ll
    f
    l
    2
    6 " ' "And I came passing along by youe and E x 3 23~4 ~
    got to see yut~kicking about in your blood, and AC 234
    I p m e d e d to say to you in your blood, 'Keep
    living!' yes, to say to you in your blood, 'Keep
    living!" A very big mu1titudeb 1 ike the sproutF?j2O
    Ing of t h e field is what I made you so that you vg; ,2f+17
    would grow bigv and become great and come in
    '1Ti"07
    with the superlative 0rnment.Y The two breasts $X7&:;
    themselves were firmly developed,' and your g; ,4i&
    own hair grew luxuriantly, when you had been $,: $3$:4

    :Egss
    :z

    naked and nude." '''

    *Re
    W V 3.17
    2 3

    "AoII~." bf, sspB'esL; LXX, payndbu"; Tg, a'rrLma. b Literally,


    "n myrind,'' orj "ten thousand," 24, *Literally, 'Jnnkednem and
    nutlity," I
    !
    ,

    8 " "d
    I m e passing along by you and
    gat t o see you, and, look! your time was the
    Ene3:8
    time f o r love's expressionsP So f proceeded to
    spread my skirt over you" and to cover your
    *,Ra3;,AIaz
    I" ":'J
    nuclene~sand t o make a sworn statement to you
    1~
    nr?.MI and enter into a covenmt with you,'Vs the
    utterance of the Lord Jehoval~,bnd so you
    became
    mine.' a. Furthermore,I washed you with
    *%g;n
    e P ~ 5 1 ' 7 watef and rinsed away your blood Dom off
    I%n i:4
    r,:re ,J,d$a
    you and greased you with oil." '" Ancl I went
    '! 2L{.,b
    a f i :pn.0
    ~
    on to clothe you with an embroldercd garmentu
    1-!I rim)-3
    and to shoe you with seacllskinlc and t o wrap you
    l < l ' : ~i:;::~
    lllsx a"n
    in flne linenn and to cover you with costly marca 41:4a terialmS
    l1 And I went on to deck you wjth ornaments
    and
    to put braceletsn upon your hands
    "pay::g
    *2

    tGe24:47
    Tufz 3 2 1
    rlE:x 3 - 2 2

    XU* .9?:13
    2 ~ n:a
    n
    25n 7::)
    I 1.3.k21

    and a necklacer about your throat. I' Furthermore, I put a nose r i n g in your nostril and
    earrings on youp earsu and a bnutlful crown on
    your head.' %' And
    you kept decking yourself
    with gold and silver, and your clothing was fine
    linen and costly material and an embroidered
    garmentby Fine Rour and honey and oil were

    what you ate, and you grew to be very, very


    rnir and gradually you became flt for royal
    positi~n."tz
    14 " 'And for you a name began t o go forth

    .E;,f2ka among

    s(i

    the nations because of your fairness,


    %r it was perfect because of my splendor t h a t
    I placed upon you," is the utterance of the Lord

    ,L,:: $2g
    $;; 1': jl Jehovah."
    15 " 'But you began to trust in your fairnessn
    L::,Pi7;:2
    and bemrne a prostitute on account of your
    iff:;::,
    nameAm d to pour out your acts of prostitution
    ftB:;l;:s
    on every passer-by; his it came to be, lo And
    1
    Jcr
    :;n 3z:zo
    r .H
    ,1 1 f ~1;2
    , you proceeded to take some of your garments

    and make for yourself high places of varied


    colors and you would prostitute yourself on
    themo-such things are not coming in, and it 4&z,2g
    should not happen.a l7 Andl you would take your
    beautiful articles from my gold and from m y
    silver that I had given to you* and you would +
    ~
    make for yourself images of a malem and pros- g:;$;7
    528
    titute yourselfb with them.B '%d
    you would mIsa
    Eze 16%
    take your embroidered clothirig and cover them, Eze a3:m
    and my oil and my incense you would actually eJFr 3:9
    put before them. lQAndmy bread t h a t I had
    given to you-fine flour and oiI and honey that
    I had had you e a t r y o u aIso actually put it Joefore them as a restful^ odor," and it continued to
    occur,'k is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah." ,L,2
    ' ;T320:as
    20 " 'And you would take your sons and your
    daughters whom you had borne to me," and nEx13:2
    De 2 s : ~
    you would sacrifice these t o them to be devouredcis that not enough of your acts of sy$$B,::3,
    prostitution?# 21 And you would slaughter my ?& 5:;:
    sons," and by making them pass through [the ge
    gT6
    fire] you wouId give these to thern,u 2 2 And in
    all your detestable things and your acts of pros- ,"cf fiY:l
    titution you did not remember the days of your ge$:,
    youth when you happened to be naked and gEt
    nude; kicking about in your blood you happened
    Z,=l0
    to be." " And it proceeded t o occur after all g;?:,
    your badness ("woe,woe t o you,"^ is the utter- Yg;; ,13jF
    ance of the Lord Jehovah) 2 4 that you went $P2;i:3,

    II
    I

    'e0322*13
    'z

    Thia Hebrew expression at the end of verse 1 6 is very uncertain


    in meaning. Vg reads: "just as it ~ R Pnot happened, neither is
    nhout to be." L X X : "And you udl hg no mems go in,noy Nil1 ~t
    hy any meang happen." Or "commit nnfaithfnl interco~~rse.''

    Or, "soothing; tranquilizing,"'d ' ( X ysons,'> W g S p ; $yourgong,'?


    L X X and eight Hehrsw rnanuaei-ipts.
    G

    55

    EZEKIEL 16:2 M 2

    zzgi
    g;?
    *Le %:30

    buiIding f o r yourself a mound=" and making


    for yourself a heigh.t in every public square."
    Ps 7&:58
    rsa 5 7 5 26 At every head of the way you built your
    J e r 2220
    UPr 7:12
    height" and you began t o make your fairness
    Pr 9:14
    AJer 6:X something detestableAand sprawl out your feet
    to every
    passer-byb and multiply your acts of
    +ge?2$
    ~
    ~
    ~
    *Eze 23:M prostitution.+ 26 And you went prostituting yourself to the sons of Egypt," your neighbors great
    Qj),e,?;3,:;;
    Isa 303 of flesh,bxand you continued making your prosEze 20:7
    5i:8
    t i h t i o n abound in order t o offend me. "'And,
    r z e 16.17
    Eze 23120 Icak! I shall certainIy stretch out my hand
    "ISa55:a5 against you* and I shall diminish your allowk
    paE;4,9,a c e k and give you to the s o d [ful desire] Cn of
    rPs 106:41 the women hating you, the daughters of the
    3ZCh 28:18 Phi.lis'tines,s the women humiliated on account
    tg; of your way as regards loose condtact.t
    28 " 'And you went on t o prostitute yourself
    to the sons of As.syii.a because there was no
    satisfying of you," and you kept prostituting
    UJy:,l2;3sl
    5 yourself with them and also did not get satisfaction. " So you kept making your prostitution abound toward the land of Canaan,v toward
    V$gi
    %F9
    SEZe 23:14 the Chal.de'ans;s and even in this you did not
    get satisfaction. 0 h o ~ vI am filled up with
    rage against you,'a is the utterance of the Lord
    Jehovah, 'by your doing a11 these things, the
    work
    of a woman," a domineering prostitute!*
    z$5T1i:,15
    31
    When
    you buiIt your rnounda a t the head of
    "g:&5Jrn
    every way and you made your own height in
    every public square, yet you became unlike a
    prostitute in disdaining hire,
    the case of
    P

    Or, "n torus,'? on the foot of an altar; evidently for immoral pnrb Or "the genital orgm," Compare Leviiim 15: 2, 3.

    popes.

    Literally, h e soul." X, mspla'esk; L X X , pay.eRaP; Vg, af&.wlas.


    Or, possibl~," 0 how weak your heart is!"

    EZEKIEL 16:33-39

    56

    2 ~
    the wife that commits adultery: she takes
    strangers instead of her own husband? 3 Tall~2f::f
    prostitutes they are accustomed to give a pws- 2;;;
    :
    ?
    ent,"ut you-you have given your presents to {f:; ;!:

    pulled doun,a and they must strip you of your


    2ze?&
    clothes* and take your beautiful articles0 and
    'Isa 3:M

    Eze 23:s
    ~ 0 2 : 3

    leave you behind naked and nude. knd they


    must bring rip against you a congregationAand
    tgE%% pelt you with stonesc and slaugtlter you with
    +JmE:9 their swords.+ qLLAnd
    they must burn your
    houses
    wfth
    firem
    and
    execute
    in you acts of
    ' ~ ~ ~ ~ : : ~
    xme5:8 judgrnentbef~~letheeyesofmanywomen;~and
    I will cause you to cc~sr;from [being] a prosti23:a7 tute," and also no more hire will you give.
    IcEze 5:13
    42 And I will b r h g my rage t o its rest in yourk
    and my jealousy n~ustturn away from you; and
    I will stay quiet and I shall no mare feel
    offended.'
    43 " For the reason that you did not rememrJm 2:3a ber the days of your youth and you would
    s$:p?iQcause me agitation because of all these things,s
    even here I also, for my part, will put your own
    950 way upon 1your] very head,jt is the utterance
    "F,"2':; of the Lord Jehovah, 'and you will certainly not
    t1.a 3.20
    ~ i z 2346
    e

    all those passionately loving you,' and you offer 2!:0 1 1 :J


    a bribe t o them t o come in to you irom all OCrj'c 23H:lG
    .1:~
    2.12
    ~ r 0 u n dfn your acts of prostitution. And in ITo
    I.,] T ~ : : ~ o
    your case the opposite thing takes place from *j:j&:L!i
    that of other women in your acts of prostltu- 3 7 0 2 : 5
    tlon, and after your styIe no prostitution has
    been committed, even in your giving hire when mrga 1:21
    no hire has been given t o you, and so it occurs yg.$:;18
    J XG
    in t h e opposite way.'
    lIrl 2.5
    35 "Therefore, 0 p r o s t i t ~ t e ,hear
    ~
    the word .$;,3,:j:,
    of Jehovah: " This is what the Lard Jehovah u;2;;:pS
    has said, Tor the reason that yaw IastfuInessn if;;;;&
    F,>P : ; G : x ~
    has been poured out" and your private partsrn !llT,:X
    20:X
    are uncovered in your acts of prostitution to- I S n2rt:1
    I
    '10:30
    ward those passionateIy loving you'%nd toward C1I:- I G 37
    d1 your detestable dungy idol&" even wlth the
    r1%24:13
    me 18:2
    blood of your sons whom you gave t o
    2,:; Zj.:,
    " therefore here I am collecting together nll a,:; ;
    f:;y e5 :;:,2 : ;+
    Err 21:s
    2rci
    9:1
    those passionately loving you torvard wllorn you r y lls;i;;
    ~
    ps 1'36:3Fi
    2::1'i
    were pleasurable and all those whom you loved a.lcr
    %Em lw.1
    h n 47.2
    : 12 1
    dong with
    those whom you hated, and I will .Tvr
    -t::a
    T.n 1 . 4
    'r
    I:!
    1'
    2
    coEIect them together against you from a11 "1'4.r y2 20
    1.n 5 5 5
    lro 2 2
    around and uncover your private parts to them, k:, ;lhto
    =G, lo:xs
    and they must see all your private partsAn
    RP 5
    KCI
    ;
    I3 ,.ls
    38 '"'And I will. judge you with t h e j u d g :'$$:i:
    15216
    ments of aduIteressest and women shedding l;:$:l':,,
    De m.17
    bloodU and I wjrl give you the blood of rage k; :.:/;:/{
    izf ZiiE
    and jealou~y.~
    asAndI will give you h t o their Qt2J;%2
    :%,3,;\,
    hand, and they will certainly tear down your V ~ . " , l ; ~ T
    g; :8,ig
    moundy and your heights will certainly be ,!;;31;"T24
    1,r

    ':;,'l$z
    '

    .I

    Or, p d l A y , "nrenstraation.N

    carry o n

    any loose conduct alongside all your

    detestable things.11
    44 " 'Look! Everyone uslng a proverbv
    aminst you will use the proverb, saying: "Like
    mather is her daug112er!'"' You are the daughfer of your mothel;* one abhorring her husbanda
    and her sons, And you &re the sister of your
    sisters, who abhol-red their husbands and their
    sons. The mother of ~ + owomen
    u
    mns a HitPtite,I
    and YOUR father was an Am'or.ite.'
    46 " 'And your older sister is Sw.mar'ibwherself with her dependent towns,no who 1s dweI1ing on your left, and your sister younger than
    you, who is dwelling on your right, is Sod'om'

    a *'Dependent to-."

    ~ i t e r ~ l"daughkm,"
    l~,
    $1.

    EZEKIEL 16:47-53

    58

    59

    with hex dependent towns.@ 4f And it ivas not T: :$;!9


    in their ways that you walked, nos according
    to their detestable things that you did.' In a x ~ K l ~ 8 !
    ve3y little while you even began to a d more
    ruinot~slythan they did in a41 your ways."' As FJ
    ij!i9
    I am alive,' is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah, 'Sod'om your sister, she with her dependent t o f w ~ s ,has
    ~ not done according t o what
    you did, you and your dependent towns,ak kg7G!j:5
    L U 1012
    4 e Look! This is what proved to be the error of
    Sod'am your sister: pride,n &cjency of breadr ;8,"
    and the carefreeness of keeping undisturbed
    were what happened to belong to her and her
    dependent towns,a and the hand of the micted d*u!2Q
    onet and t h e poor one she did nut strengthen.ll :gzz?&!L
    "And theyb continued to be haughty and to
    carry on a detestable thing before me,v and I vaem:13
    Ge 10:6
    proceeded to remove them, just as I saw [fit]
    YE;
    -L!I:IR
    51 " 'And as for Sa.rnar'i.a,qhe has not 1J, pr 4:ti
    Alr~k:u
    sinned even up t o half of your sins,* but you 7;cp
    ?:$!
    kept making your detestable things abound
    ~;;y:$;~
    more than they did, so that you made your 1.0 7:!r
    sisters appear righteous because of all your
    detestable things that you carried
    B2 You
    also, bear your humiliation when you must
    argue in favor of your sisters.* Because of your A$; 2;:;
    sins in which you acted more detestably than
    they did, they are more righteous than you.+ O$Y;y7
    And you also, be ashamed and bar your hu- I K I T:32
    miliation in that you make your sisters appear
    *sob ~ I O
    righteous.'
    P6 145'
    53 " "And I will gather their captive ones,'

    ely?il

    a See .~erse46, f d n o b a. b4'They";in the feminino gcndcr, to


    refer to Sodpornand her daughter t~rms.* "I saw [lit]," MLd;ri;
    '9ou have seen," Vg.

    ~ ~

    EZEKIEL I6:54-41

    the captlve onea of Sod'om and of her dependent tams,= and the captive ones of Sa.mar'ia
    and of her dependent tawns;B I will also gatherb
    a r c h l ~ ~your
    ~4
    captive ones in the midst of them: 5 * in
    order
    that you may bear your humiliation;" and
    'J,ee$&
    you must feel humiliated owing to all that you
    14a2 have done, in that you comforted them? " And
    your o i m sisters, SodPam and her dependent
    towns,n will return to their former state, and
    3a.mar'i.a and her dependent towns" mill return
    to their former state, and you yourself and your
    own dependent towns* will return to YQLX fork b e ; $ l l mer state." m And Sad'orn your sister did not
    llrqn
    zr.p 65:s
    A:II prove t o be anytl~ingworth hearing about from
    ~u IS:II your mouth in the day of your pride," 67 before
    rPs 511:21
    1n
    . .t 22
    your own badness got to be exposed,' just as a t
    Eac 21 :24
    the time of the reproach of the daughters of
    ] I n 2.10
    3('0 4:Ii
    Syri~lrff
    and of all round about her, the daughr21Cl rl;:B
    of
    the
    Phi.lis'tines,t those treating you with
    :~~+~;4:"trs
    t2{:11
    IW I.~:XI
    2:$:18 S C O P ~on all. sides." ne Your loose conductv and
    your detestable things, you yourself must bear
    them,'^ is the utterance of Jehovah."
    ;; ,
    59 "For this 1s what the Lord Jehovah has
    I' l rBe
    a a :8k.l
    J!I
    ~ n i r l ,'I also must do with you just as you have
    ,
    z:i;:',f donne, because you despised the oath in breaking [my] covenant.d="And
    I, I myself, must
    >';$:
    '~';.:',~;'Qremember my covenmt 114th you in the days
    c;k1i?i5 of your youth,' and I must establish for you an
    = r \ u 2 1.3
    ,,., IndeAnltely lasting covenant." And you will
    i::;
    $;$ certainly remember your waysAand feel hum%J O T533
    ki,:a 1320 ated when you recelve your sisters, the ones

    ::;r2c;;;4

    ,,

    .,,

    ,
    ~SPC

    .el'<J!I ,:,,51)

    older than you as well as the ones younger than

    vmso 40, footnoto A. h a t I mill also ether,'? LXKITgf3yT.


    "Spin," MLKYITgT;, uE'dom,'? Sy and mrmg Hebrew mannecripta snd printed ed~tiens.d "[My] covenmt," JXXSr.

    you,@and I shall certainly ave them to you ae


    daughters,* but not owing t o your covenant.'"
    62 " 'And 1, I myself, will establish my covenant with you;" and you will have to know that
    I am Jehovah," in order that you may remember and actually be ashamedk and you may no
    more come t o have any reason to open [your]
    mouthll because of your humilintion, when I
    mRke an atonementr for you for all that you
    have done,Ys t h e utterance of the Lord Je-

    thrust out to him In order [for him] to idgate


    it, away fmm the garden beds where it was
    p1mted.r Into R good field, by vast waters, it
    r$gi$:g
    eJcr 37:1 was already embedded," in order to produce
    boughs and to bear fruit, to become a majestic
    vine," '3
    9 "Say, Tkfs fs what the Lord Jehovah hats
    "Wj11 it have success?t Will not slomeone
    yt>;Jer
    g!&
    ! 3 2 5 said:
    tear
    out
    its very rootsu and malre i t s very fruit
    B e 17:15
    u z ~ 2i 5 : ~ scaly? And must [not] all its freshly plucked
    Jer 21:7
    Jer2f:8
    spmub become dry?v It will become dry. Nei3cr ' ) - 9
    arm norbyamultltudjnouspeor 2 ~ 1 ~ ~therbyagrcat
    : 7
    Jer 52:lO
    racr 37:10 ple will it have to be lifted up from its roots,y
    l o And, look! as something embedded, wlll it
    have success? Wlll it not dry up completely,
    1 3 : s even as when the east winda touches i t ? x In the
    'J%2gagarden beds of its sprout it wlll dry up.'* ' "'
    11 And the word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: "Say, please, to the reEZe3:9 belllaus house:
    'Do You people actu~llynot
    Ene 12:9
    know
    what
    these
    things mean?'' Say, 'Look!
    En? 24-19
    (ax1 24112 The king of Babylonb came to Jerusalem and
    2Ch 36-10
    Jcr z:b proceeded to take its kingoand its princes and
    ^Isa 39:7
    I' FurtherJFP 5":32 bring them ta himself at Babyl~n.~''
    ~ J,,2 l -2j,:17
    i ~
    more, he took one of the royal seed" RIICI concluded~a covenmt with him ancl braught him
    'Z,rj!j%l3
    ::2," :',2y5 into sn oath ;"and t h e foremost men of the land
    ,:gig& he took away," I* in order that the kingdom
    Eze 2:7
    ISa
    might became low$ unable to lift itself up, that
    by keeping his covenant itd might stsnd.tb lo But
    nj,";&?i\2
    "'Wind."
    M, au'rlhla; 'LXX,rs'ne.nnos; VE, ucn'btts. Comp8rare
    G e ~ e s i sI:2, footnoh il. bMRnhylon," L-XXl'g;"Ro'Z~el,'~bMSrT.
    CJm 15'

    hovah."
    And the word of Jehovah continued t o
    occur to me, saying: "Son of man, prog
    pound a riddIeEand compose a proverbial say- ~ f lQ:n
    ing toward the house of 1srael.t And you must tp:g#
    say, 'This Is what the Lord Jehovah has said: Mr 13:13
    "The great eagJe," having great wings,' with u g T;(J
    long pinions, full of plumage, whlch had color $;:!;!
    variety, cnme to Leb'a.nonl* and proceeded t o
    kO%lj
    t ~ k ethe treetop of the cedar.Y I4e plucked off YDR
    7:1
    the very top of its young shoots and came bring- $%:$!$
    Ing it to thc land of Ca'naan; in R dty of traders ~ ~ ~ ; ~ : , ' O
    he placed It." %Furthermore, he took some of zzK1"i'15
    the seed of the land' and put it in a field for seed. "F: ",j+':;
    As n ~villowby vast waters," as a willow tree he 9;:
    placed itU4a And it began to sprout nnd gradu- oran 8.1:4
    ally became a luxuriantly grow in^ vine low in
    height,' indined to turn its foliage inward;" :%&:;I4
    and as for its roots, they gradually came to be
    under it. And i t finally b e c ~ m ea vine and pro~ 2 24:~s
    ~ 1
    duced shoots and sent forth branches,"
    ZCh m:11
    7 " ' "And there came t o be another great
    eagle,* h ~ v i n ggreat wings, and having large *g
    g3f
    pini~rrs,~
    and, look! this very vine stretched its k J f r JI:7
    mats hungrily toward hlrn.n And its foliage it nIfia

    17

    $:;:

    Iditerrally, "'cut!'
    M, bn.mflrp.d "It: 31 ; in the feminine ~rncler,
    singalar number, berntlsc of referring to the "ki~~gdo~n."
    nut "him,"
    3lnlargin; in the mnscnline pnder, singurar n~~mher,
    to &er to
    the king.

    EZEKIEL 17:1 L 2 1

    62

    he finally rebelledr against him in sending his T~C:,


    !$%
    messengers t o Egypt, Cfor it] t o give him ge;$;
    horsess and a multitudinous people, Will he have
    success?t Will he escape, he who is doing these Isa 31:1
    37:s
    things, and who has broken a covenant? And t Jer
    ~ , , 1'7:s
    will be actually e s ~ a p e ? ' ~
    ~Jer
    t p r135
    3z:4
    16 " ' "As I am alive," is the utterance of the
    Lord Jehovah, "in the place of the king who put
    in as king the one that despised his oath and
    that broke his covenant, with him in the midst
    of Babylona he will die.v I TAnd by a great rnili;:";1
    gi
    tary force and by a multitudinous congregation Jcr 52:11
    Phar'mh wilI not make him effective in the
    war,y by throwing up a siege rampart and by YE;g;,"
    building a siege wall, in order t o cut o b many
    souls.bzla
    And he has despised an oath in break- zJer 33:5
    52:4
    ing a covenant, and, look! Re had given his Jer
    Eze 4:2
    *La5:6
    hand* and has done even all these things. He
    W z e 17%
    will not make his escape."
    19 " 'Therefore this is what the Lard Jehovah has said: "As I am dive, surely my oath
    that he has despisedAand m y covenant that he *zr5A1
    has broken-I will even bring it upon his head. $e;;:B
    20 And I will spread over him my net, and he
    will certainly be caught in my hunting net;O and e$p9.11
    I will bring him to Babylons and put myself on 5?;::2
    judgment with him there respecting his unfaith- FOe$:in
    fulness with which he acted against me.' 21 And LU 21~35
    235
    as regards all the fugitives of his in aU his +Jer
    Eze 20:36
    bands,@by the sword they will fall, and the ones 6% g;25
    left remaining will be spread abroad even t o ;$: !$i4
    12:M
    every wind.@And You people will have to know

    z;;;;~

    verse 12, footnote b. b ' ~ o u l s . ' ~ ~aepka.sbdtht;


    ,
    L%X,
    pgl~.chai'; Trg, ~'ni.mae. O"Wind,'T representmg direction. M,
    su'ahh; LXX, arsae.mos; Vg, ve~'tus. Compare Qenesis 1: 2, footnote d.
    a See

    EZEKIEL 17:22-18 :4

    63
    m e 6:13

    kPs 80:15
    Isa 11:l

    Jer 2 2 5

    Zec 3:s
    nIsa 53:2

    rPs 2 6

    Eze 20:40
    Eze m:z
    D a 2.35
    sPs 92:U

    Mlc 5:l
    tIsa 27:6

    Joh 15:s

    UPS9232
    vGc 49:10
    Ps 72:s
    Isa 11:G
    H o 14:7
    Re 1195

    yPs 86:12

    Isa 55:12

    21%

    2:7

    Ps 75:2
    Isa 2.13
    Lu 152
    *Isa 9.6
    Eze 2 1 : T

    that I myself, Jehovah, have spoken [it].'' '


    22 " 'This is what the Lord Jehovah has said :
    "I myself will also take and put some of the
    lofty treetop of the cedar;lcfrom the top of its
    twigs I shaIl pluck off a tender onen and I will
    myself transplant [it] upon a high and lofty
    rnountah.r On the mountain of the height of
    Israel I shall transplant it,Qnd it will certainly
    bear boughs and produce fmitt and become a
    majestic cedar.u And under it there will actually reside all the birds of every wing; in the
    shadow of its foliage they will
    e'And
    all the trees of the field will have to know that I
    myself, Jehovah,y have abased the high tree,"
    have put on high the low tree,' have dried up
    the still-moist tree and have made the dry tree
    blossom. I myself, Jehovah, have spoken and

    ."

    done [it] ' '"


    And t h e word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: "What does it
    mean to YOU peopIe that you are expressing
    oIsa 3:15 this proverbial saying on the soil of Israel,"
    B e 17:U
    Ro 9:M
    saying, 'Fathers are the ones that eat unripe
    grapes, but it is the teeth of the sons that get
    -vcr 154 set on edge'?a"
    Jer 3 x 3 9
    La57
    3 " %s I am alive,36is the utterance of the
    EXt 23:36
    <mem:n Lord Jehovah, 'it will no more continue to be
    +Ro 3:19
    oms to express this proverbial saying in
    eE5( 4 4 2
    Jer 10:16 IsraeI.'
    Look! All t h e soulsh-to me they be"Ge 2:7
    *De 26:iS long.@As the soulxof the father so likewise the
    k R o 3:23
    Ga 3:22
    me they belong."The soul
    nGe 2.17 soul of the son-to
    Ro 6:23 that is sinningk-it
    itself
    will die.cn
    EIcb 1 0 9
    Da 437
    A m 9:11
    Lu 1:33

    18

    ILiterally, '{get blunted (dulled)," 31. b "Sods." M, .~a*pha.shdth';


    L X X , psy.cha2; TTg, art%i.nrae. Or, "The soul that is sinning is the
    one that X
    d die?'

    5 '"And as regards a man,&in case he happens to be righteous and he has executed justice
    and r3ghteousness;r on, the rnomtajns he did rE
    not eatb and his eyes he did not raise to the &:&
    $2;
    dungy idols of the house of Israel,t and his corn- te;e2;!;;
    panion's wife he did not defileu and t o a woman ,w!rjjii~
    in her impurity he would not go mar;' and "L,. ~ ? t : ~ s
    no man& would he mdltreat:Y the pledge that J;.Y1$t:)?,
    2.1:12
    he took for indebtedness, he wouIc1 rebrn;z
    nothing would he wrest away In robbery;' t o 'Lo "2
    the hungry one he would give his own breadn 3D"19:11
    and the naked one he would cover with n garment;" nothing would he give on interestband A":,S ?:;
    no usury would he take;' from injustice he 0;; $;;$
    would d m back his hand;" true justlce he *I-.
    q:!~
    -1,r
    would execuf e khveen mana and man ;a" in I)P 2;,: 1G
    my statutes he kept walkingD and my judidal ;kI1:.:'%
    decisions he kept in order to execute tntth,lc :;':
    $!:9
    he i s righteous." He will positively keep living,'? k::':t:q
    n
    II,Ph Y W : ~
    is the utterance of the Lard Jehovah.
    10 " 'And [if] one has become father Q a l:',!yi;l,
    son who is a robber," a shedder of blood,t who ;)!;
    has done the like of one of these thingsh " (but r;~,,l~;;;o
    he himself has done none of these very rh:,g;:!z
    '
    things1 irn in case he has eaten also u p n the mpr
    1;:21
    mountains," and his companion's lvifc he has :?
    ' ; 2".'0
    "i120
    defiled;~ the aWicted and F o r one he has mal~
    ~
    treat4;Y things he has wrested away in rob- Y
    bery," a pledged thing he would not rcturn;' !g;ia,
    and t o the dungy idols he lifted up his eyes,' '3g$:;$jlI:
    a detestable thing is what he Ilas done! ' W n A2Jfl Y J : ~
    usury he has given,o and interest he has taken,' !g,CG;;?,B
    ancl he positively will not keep living. bll these
    a "?vCan?l fir, id,, bLihrnUy, "done the hmthcr of one of these

    detestable thfnp he has done.. He will positivehim hls own blood will

    , look! one has became father to a


    son, who keeps seelng all the sins of his father
    that he has done, and he secsa and does not do
    hem.*lWn the mountains he has
    nd his eyes he has not lifted up to
    1s oZ the house of Israel;" his comhe hm not deA1ed;r Is and no manb
    eated,' no pledge has he seized,'

    he taken in robbery;u to the


    has given his own bread,' and
    e has covered with R gament;J:
    lyfrorn the affFicted onec he has d r a m back his
    ' and interest3 has he taken;
    ions he has carried out;' in
    d;bhe himself r~,iDnot
    of his father.' He will
    A&for I~lsfather, beoutright defx~uding~~tvrest
    in robbery of a brother:
    t good he has done in the
    ," why, then he must die
    as

    ~.l..b.V

    221:s

    things,"' M ; "done (any) one of these t h h ~ , "VgSg; "done to his


    brother one of these things," T.

    peopIe will certainly say:


    does not: have to bear
    the error of the father?"F
    on, justice and rlghteousness he has executed, all the statutes of mine he
    doing them."e
    will p s i e souldthat is sinning-

    19 '"'And

    '"Sees,"

    YOU
    ~

    XT; "fercrs," ZXXVg. b "&fan.*'M , h h . 0 "The aEcted


    one? U; Ninja8tic~~'
    L X X . d ''Go~PE." &I,ssplr'esk; L X X , pey.c8CJ;
    Tg, a'nbma.

    EZEKIEL 18;21-25

    67

    66

    It l'tself will dfe.@nA son hlmself will bear nothEng because of the e m r of the father, and a

    u g i $$i6

    Jer 31:30

    lee IS:=

    D.? 3?:4
    P* 1-)?:I7

    EZEKIEL 18;2 6 3 2

    pleme, 0 house of Israel. Is not my own way


    adjusted right?t Are not the ways of You people

    not adjusted right?^


    father himself will bear nothing because of the
    J v ? [?:I
    ~
    30:11
    26 "When someone righteous turns back
    error of the
    Upon his own self the very ah25:4 ralpa
    Jcr ::I9
    rlghteouaness of the righteous one will come to
    from his righteousness and he actually does in%!Lo10:36 justicev and dies on account of them, for his
    bcly &nA upon his own self the very wickedness q,Ki&$2
    De 25:10
    RO 2:6
    yExe 3:le injustice t h a t he has done he will d1e.y
    of a wicked one mill come to be.&
    xZCh 6:23
    27 " 'And when someone wicked turns back
    21 "'Now as regards someone! wicked, in ;je2y*
    from
    his wickedness that he has cotnmitted and
    case he should turn back from all hls sins that
    zIsn 1!18
    he has committed' and he should actu~llykeep 22,g;D
    Tan S : 7 proceeds to execute justice and righteousness,&
    hlE ?:13
    all my statutes and execute justlce nnd right- E8F;iz
    he is the one that will preserve his own soula
    ,If! ,!:I9
    ale w 2 1
    eousness,a he will positively kccp l j v i n ~He
    . will. ~ G z6:5
    C
    r\c Y k ? O alive.* 2g When he seeshaand he turns back from
    3627
    *l:zl?3x14 aH his transgressions that he has done,* he will
    not dieaAa Z All his transgressions that he has Ece
    L~ 1:6
    A c 2:mLO
    1.u , I : I ~ positiveIy keep living. Re wjll not dietb
    committed-they
    will not be remembered age'3::"2I
    C13c 32:20
    Ycr :fl:lS
    against him4For his righteousness that he has fi;~g%ls
    29 l 4 '"And the house of Tsrael will certainly
    1-u 1 5 : n
    done he will keep living."
    3sa 4 3 : s
    r.lSn :':3
    say: 'The way of Jehovahc Is not adjusted
    j e r 50!20
    F:xc .'2:12
    23 " D o I take any delight at all in the death
    +l,:rcIn:g right,"' As for my ways, are they not adjusted
    ;3;6
    * I V lo:n
    of someone wicked,'* is the utterance of the e,EX
    t a 3:33
    a,(-:* IS:^ rjght, O house of Israel?' Are not tlw ways of
    1 >la
    :v2:.t
    Lord Jehovah, ' [andJ not in that he should hum FZ
    3's 1.15:17 you people the ones that are not adjusted right ? I "
    ,li>r
    I2:l
    back f mhis ways and actually keep li~hg?'"$';~;+:ig
    30 '"Therefore each one according to his
    '1'3 fi!;!21
    . I r T ...17
    24 "'Now when someone rlghteaus turns
    3,:xe 1H:% ways fshow I shalI judge YOU, O house oP Israel,'
    hi,:,. 12;I'l
    back from his righteousness and actually does
    Is the utterance of the Lard Jehovah.* 'Turn
    I,:,!,'! 7::j
    11'11 I:17 back, yes, cauqe a turning back from all YO^
    injustice:=according to all the detestable things *;% Ep
    kl>l\p!In
    1:'
    that the wicked one has done he k e e p doinglc
    and 1ct no thin^: prpvc to be for
    . : . 9 t r.:tr~sl;rrssions,l~
    \I I 2 2
    and he fs living, none of dl his righteous acts
    you
    peopIe
    a stumbling block causing error."
    t l l 4 u F:L:3
    that he has done will be r e r n ~ r n b e l ~ c For
    d . ~ ~his n~-~eblo:=
    1 1 1 1 2:5
    Throw off from yourselves a11 YOUR trmsgresZJo 8
    ri's :%4:14
    unfaithfulness that he has comrnillcd and for
    sfons
    in which YOU have transgressedl' and make
    l!<fl 1;Ifl
    r :;l;f;
    HI'S i71:10 for you~-selvesa new heartMnnd a new
    his sin with which he has sinned, for them he ;"Job
    34:5
    . l l < T 32::49
    Jab 33.2
    2Wae 11:30 for why should you die,^ 0 house of Israel?'
    will die.?
    Job 40:s
    11T)o 8(1:15
    1'f ?,:%
    25 " "Andyou people wiIl certainly say: "The i!;j 23:;:
    32 ""ForI do not take any delight in the
    <\.\:. I?"-.IP
    way of Jehovahb is not adjusted rlght.lrnHEAR,2: $%
    b'So~tl!9N, ntrph'ealr ; LZX, psy.88'; Vg, n'nl'.nr n. b "Sees:'
    JET'pSpT; ornitterl by LXX. "Jehorali," fonr Hebrew mon~~scripts
    Or, "The ~ o athat
    l is sinning is the one that will die."' b"Jehorah,'"
    nnd LYXVgSyT; &.d~.nrsy'~&Im
    Thia ia one of tho 134 psnsngea in
    sewn Hchrew manuscripts and LSXT'pSgT ; A.clo.?tny', 31. This is
    )If%

    I?

    .t111%

    _
    I

    one of thc 134 passages in which the Jcwish Bo herim n l t ~ e dthe


    pllmitiv~Eebrev text to read A.doaoyr ("ths \srdw) instead of
    Y"k0.'U9flTb',

    which the Jelvinh Sophorim nlterod tho u-imitivo Clcbrew tpxt to


    r m d d.doro!,' ilretend o f Yehoh..rai~'.
    "Qpbit." M, rtr'nhh; LXY,
    pt~sw'rt~ra;Vg, spir.'i.tw.

    69

    EZEKIEL 19 :10-20 :2

    death of someone dying,' i s the utterance of the


    Lord Jehovahmv'So cause a turning back and v a I ; p b ~ ~
    y1:z.e rs:g
    keep Ilving,y 0 YOU people.' "
    "And as for you, raise a dirge=concernIng the chieftains of Israel ,' * and you 2; $?!,
    must say, 'What was your mother? A Iloness *;;:A
    3;4 a
    Rmong lions.ag She lay down In among maned s(.t, ;m
    I'./c 2 1 : 3
    young lions. She reared her cubsBA
    aNr( ?:I1
    3 '"And gradually she brought up one of *%9"%r
    her cubs.0 A maned young lion is what he be- :T
    ,' :;F
    came, and he began to Iearn how t o tear npart 2;;:
    prey. He devoured even earthling r n m h 'L And "11 36.1
    nations kept hearing about him. I n their plt he
    I
    mas caught, and they proceeded to bring him
    a 212%~ 236:4
    13:33
    by means of hooks" to the land of E~ypt:
    5 " When she got to see that she had waited JCr22:11
    [and] her hope had perished, then slle took another of her cubs.@ As a maned young lion she e w zs:H
    put him forth. %d he began to walk about in
    the midst of 1ions.a A maned young Hon is what
    he became. And he gradually learned how to
    tear apart prey.' He devoured even earthling
    3:;~ E
    rnftn,bP And he got to know his dwelling *23\12.1:1
    towers,fl and he devastated even thefir dties,ln n2",'i$10
    so that the land WEIS laid desolate and he filled
    It with the sound of his maring.." And nations klP,P&!!g
    all around from the jurisdictional districts be- " 0 2 2 : s
    I
    gan t o set* against himn and got to sprend over lI2"fl4:X
    )
    rC
    - z o 3Z15
    him their n e t r In their pit he was caught.n 1420
    17:2U
    Findly they put him in the cage by means of

    hook@ and brought him to the king of BabyEonnbtThey got to bring him by means of hunting nets, in order that his voice might no more
    u-6:~
    be heard on the nlountains of Israc1.u
    Eze 36:1
    v1-rn2:2
    10 " 'Your rnotllerv WRS ljlce a vine in your
    planted by watem. A bearer of fruit
    rpaF;8
    czels:a and full of branches she became because of
    h'It 21:33
    eDe
    x u8:i
    2 4 : ~ abundant~ater."~~And
    they cameta be far her
    PY 8 9 : ~ strong rods, meant for the scepters of nllers.'
    *Gc 49.10
    XU 2d:17 And its height gradually became tall up among
    Ezr 4:zO
    ranchm, and it got to be visible because of its
    tallness, because of the aZsund~nceof its folic ~ 3 - k 3age,O l-~ut she was Anally uprooted In fury?
    Da 4:11
    APS 52-5
    TO the earth she was thrown, and there was an

    The African lions. M, a.rd.ydthP.bMEnrthIin~rnnnntqM,a.rlramf.


    the cheek or none ol' anialnla ns well AM
    onptives in order t o lead them on n rope. d"Dwe1Ung tamers." By
    t b p aul~stitutionof a letter in the Hehrem word in Mil.L~t~r&lly,
    "widow9," N; or, "pdaces.N ePossibIy, ''crimp," l)g ohange of a
    tala to b h t R .

    Orr "thornall' put through the cheek or nose of nnimnls RA well as


    cnptire~in ordar to lent1 them on n rope. bunn1~ylon," LXXVg;
    "Ba'hel," XSy'P. 8 "In your h l o o d , ' ~ M T ~ 8 y"of
    ; our vineyard,"
    two Hebrew nsnusrriphl; "rho n s d to rmmblc T. d "Wind."
    31, nl'ahh; L.TX, oC~.rnoa; Vg, oan'lur. '')~oo> I,
    srdi.ditn';
    the pl-l
    nomhcr d i d .

    :;::

    19

    '

    * Or, 1*thorns,7'put through

    t:zgg
    Jer 36:a

    P3 FI:m
    Isas::
    Jer 3 1 : s
    Eze 126

    ea&~indWatddridupherPmit.~Herstrong
    md was torn off and became dry.' Fire itself
    devoured it." a8 h d now she is planted in the
    ?&
    ;
    2K1 24%
    ,
    :
    , wilderness,"~n a waterless and thjssty land.'
    cmric32:22 l4 And fire proceeded t o come forth from [her]
    Isti 2;:11
    rod,k It devoured her very shoots, her very
    El)<# =:.a
    .TIT $ 2 5 7 fruit* m d there proved to be In her no strong
    * I % 621
    rod, no scepter for ruling."
    I I
    5
    "I
    2.1:20
    " 'That is a dirge, and it wlll become a
    J", 5 2 3
    tlNn fl..v
    dirge,' "lj.-,o :,,:%
    t 1
    L
    Now It came about in the seventh year,
    in the fifth [month], on the tenth [day]
    of the month, meno from the elderly ones of
    u c p 8:l
    Israel came in to inquire of Jehovah,@anandthey
    proceeded to sit down before me,a And the word
    of Jehovah continued t o occur to me, saying:

    ,,

    /*,

    20

    ]:I

    '

    EZEKIEL 20 :3--9

    "Son of man, speak with the elderly men of


    Israel, and you must say to them, 'This is what
    t h e Lord Jehovah has said: "Is it in order to
    It12
    inquire of me that YOU men are coming?t 'As ffsa
    Mt 3:7
    28:6
    I am alive, I will not be inquired of bya YOU,'^ ulSa
    Pr 15:s
    is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah.'' '
    P* ZS:9
    1:15
    4 "Will you judge them? Will you judge rsa
    Eze 14:3
    M:c 3:7
    [them], 0 son of man?v Cause them to know Mt 15:s
    5:3
    the detestable things of their f0refathers.y vlsa
    der 7:16
    Jer
    11:14
    And you must say t o them, 'This is what the B e WJ.4
    162
    Lord Jehovah has said: "In the day of my yEze
    Lu 11:47
    Ac 751
    choosing Israel,z I: also proceeded to lift up my ZEX
    hand [in an oath] to the seed of the house of Ex 16:7
    9:4
    De 4 3 7
    Jacob" and to make myself known t o them in Ps
    3352
    413
    the land of Egypt.n Yes, I proceeded to lift up Isa
    Jer 33:24
    6:8
    my hand [in an oath] to them, saying, 'I am *Ex
    De 3240
    Eze 47:14
    Jehovah POUR God.'ba In that day I lifted up nEx
    3:8
    my handb [in an oath] to them to bring them De 4:34
    Ps 1037
    forth from the land of Egypt to a land that I *Ge 17:7
    3:6
    had spied out for them, one Rowing with milk Es
    Ex 6:3
    Ex
    20:2
    and honey.* It was the decoration of aI1 the OGe 14:B
    Dn 12:7
    lands." And I went on to say to them, 'Thmw Re
    10:5
    3:8
    away, each one af YOU, the disgusting things +Ex
    dcr 3 2 : Z
    S
    of his own eyes,%d with t h e dungy idols of ~Is*P 48:2
    62:3
    Egypt do not defile yoursehes.* I am Jehovah D a 8:9
    SOUR

    Da 13 :41
    220

    *2Ch 15:8

    8 " ' "And they began to rebel agalnst meln #De 2?):17
    Jos 24:14
    and they did not consent t o listen t o me. The ltl3x
    1G:12
    9:7
    disgusting things of their eyes they did not in- nDe
    N e 0:26
    dividually throw away, and the dungy idols of I s n 63:10
    Egypt they did not leave,r so that I promisedc rEx 32:4
    to pour out my rage upon them, in order to bring
    li:M
    my anger to its finish upon them in the midst eNu
    De 9:l9
    Eze
    of the land of Egypt."And I went acting for Eze 5:53
    7:8
    Or, "for"; that is, through Eeekiel. "God.') N, El.o.hkmt. C Liter-

    ally, "said," M.

    Iha

    EZEKIEL 20 :10-16

    71

    '70
    t

    the usake of
    that
    [it] might not
    ~ my ~own name
    ~
    ~

    be profaned before the eyes of the nations in


    whom they were,t because I had made
    k",", among
    myself known to them before their eyes on
    uj:;;ci
    bringing them forth from the land of Egypt.U
    lsa4 8
    r Ex 13:17
    l o So I bronght them forth from the land of
    E
    X
    ,:
    ,
    ;Ziz2 Egypt and brought them into the wilderne~s.~
    11 " ' "And I proceeded to give them my stat'Ei3$O
    utes,y
    and my judicial decisionsE I made known
    ;
    to
    them,
    in order that the mana who keeps do.rS,:g,19
    ing
    them
    might also keep living by them.'
    %% lB
    And
    my
    sabbaths I also gave t o them,mto
    Ga 332
    RO
    10:s
    become
    a
    signo
    between me and them," in order
    EEX
    -LU 203
    23:s
    [for them] to know that I am Jehovah who is
    Le23:3
    kE
    i$ii$ sanctifying them.bo
    Le 2534
    "But they, t h e house of Israel, rebeIled
    13
    Ne 9:14
    &EX31:13
    me in the wilderness,' In my statutes
    b L ~ 2 ~ against
    : ~
    they did not waIk,@and my judicial decisions
    'Fu:$s28,,
    rejected,Which, should the mana keep
    Tk:i;$~9 they
    doing,
    he will also keep living by them,' And
    110 103
    krsn 56 6 my sabbaths they profaned very much,k so that
    I promisedo to pour out m y fury upon them in
    wilderness, in order to exterminate them."
    1 I
    g:::: the
    l d But I acted for the sake of my own name that
    [it] might not be profaned before the eyes of
    r ~ , s1:9
    the nations, before whose eyes I had brought
    $:?:,
    them forth.'dnA"'
    I myseli also lifted up my
    &,;: hand [in an oath] to them in the wildernews
    not to bring them into the land that 1 had given,
    $:
    1Egj& one flowing with milk and honey,t (it is t h e
    gE,1,3;i7 decoration of all the lands,) l6 for the reason
    J,;' :i6, that they rejected my own judicial decisions;
    lF,":$Ff and as regards my statutes, they did not walk
    JOS 7:9
    ne9:B

    ; :

    $z6!:5

    a
    0

    "J1at1." M, andfirm'.
    Literally, "said," Af.

    Orh.,rrI, Jehovah,

    m smetifying them.''

    IEZ-

    72

    20 :17-24

    In them, and my sabbaths they profaned, b


    cause It was after their dungy idols that their
    VEX 3214
    h e ~ r twas going?
    N u 25:2
    17 ' "And my eye began t o feel sorry for g,yi?:O
    them [to keep me] fmm bringing them t o ruin,^ g;e77:j
    and X did not make an extermination of them in g$g;!;10
    t h e wildemess.~ And I proceerled t o say to $: ?;yq
    tlrelr sons in the wilderness,' 'In the regulations ag;i$,
    of' your forefathers do not YOU wKl11,~and their *NU
    r.l::{a
    judgments do not you keep,& and with their $:!&
    d u n ~ yidols do not YOU defile y o u m l ~ e s "1
    . ~ * aE- rCe :''1':73
    am Jehovah YOUR God.n+ Walk In my own Stat- f:2iFj:8
    utes," and keep m y own judicial decisions" and ;fO ;iJ
    do them.* ' A d sanctify my own sabbath~,~
    +g(%
    m d they must serve as a dpn between me and
    %:
    $;;!
    YOU, [for YOU] to know that I am Jehovah

    I
    1
    I

    ;k:::

    YOUR Ck~d.'"~

    kzs .W:II
    nEx %i:t3

    21 " ' "And the sons began to nebel against


    me,' In my statutes they did not walk,# and my ;B;,".gyil
    judicial decfsions they did not keep by doing
    them, which, should the mana keep doing, he
    will also keep living by them. My sabbaths they
    profaned-t So I promised" to pour out my rage tme20:la
    upon them, in order to bring my anger to its
    finish upon them in the wildeness.~i'*And I UkiEze 7::$
    drew bnck my handv and wcnt acting for the Vg@&,i5
    sake of my own name, that [it] should not be
    pa ?!MI
    profaned before the eyes of tho nntions, before $Fs
    39:9
    whose eyes I had brought them out.^ 23Also,I
    myself lifted up my hand [in an oathJ to them jb',";,;;
    in the ~llderness,~
    t o scatter them among 'the " ~ ? ~ ~
    nations and to disperse them among the lands,' 'Egzi
    P4 for t h e reason that they did not carry out my y5yliT;,:7
    Or, "I, Jehovah, am POFRGod [El.o.himt] ." b Or, "my o m judg-

    znX$!

    ments?' fl'3AIm.'1$1, adam'.

    Liternlly, ''anid," M.

    ; ~ ~ E

    73
    n L ~

    ALeaE
    4E.e a B

    EZEKIEL 20:254!3,

    o m judicial decisions3 and they rejected my


    o m statutes" ~ n they
    d
    profaned my own mb-

    baths,' and it was after the dungy idols of their


    forefathers
    that their eyes proved t o be.' " And
    *
    Eze 6:9 I myself also let them havea regulations that
    decisions by which
    B
    ~ were
    8 not ~good ~and judicial
    ~
    Eq
    And I rvouEd let
    they
    cotrEd
    not
    keep
    living."
    2m 2:Ut
    QNt2.U them become defiledb by their gifts0 !when
    [theyJ made every child opening the womb pass
    *$;,1f;n7 through rthe fire],'in order that I might m ~ k e
    them desolate, Pn order that they might know
    ;zg;g
    t'ze 16:h that f nrn Jehovah." '"
    kGze 6:7
    27 "Therefore speak to the house of Israel,
    n E ~ e 2 : 7 0 son of man, and yournust say to them," 'This
    is what the Lord Jehovah has said: "Yet as
    regards this, Poun forefathers spoke abusively
    of me in their acting against me with unfaithfu1ness.r s%knd
    I proceeded to brlng them into
    rk
    9
    ;
    :
    ~ ~ 233
    0 s the- land" that X had lifted up my hand [in an
    Ne 9:22
    t ~1
    sm9 oath] t o give t31em,~
    When they got tn scc every
    Ezr! 20:8
    exalted kill and every brandly tree, then they
    began sacrificing there their sacrifices~lm d giv=nuing there their offensive offering,"and presentv m l a : I g ing there thcir restulcodorsv and pouring otrt
    y."'r tP:lx tllerc thoiii drink offcrings.y ?"o
    I said t o them,
    'What does t h e high place mean to which you
    are coming, that its name should be called a
    High
    Placed down t~ this day?"' '"
    zE:;;;~
    30 "Therefore say to the house of Israel,
    *NU 3z:i4 'This$9 what the hrdJehovah has said: "In the
    way of YouR forefathers are YOU people defiling
    $h2&%s
    $; i:Tz yourselves, and after their disgwsting things are
    %<2iz7 YOU going in unfajthfuI intercourse?* " And
    I,itcrallp, "gave them," EI. a Literally, ''I
    woeid deflle them,"' AM,
    Or, i'soothing; tmnquiliming? 4 "A High Place." Or, "Ba'mah";
    according to the Webrevi. "A.ba.rna:'%XS.

    EZEKIEL 20:32-38

    74

    through lifting up HOUR gifts by making YOUR


    sons pass through the fire: are YOU defiling n ~ ~ @ 7
    J er 7:31
    yourseIves for all YOUR dungy idols down till Jer
    19:s
    today?* At t h e same time shall I myself be
    Apzlyil&
    inquired of by YOU people, 0 house of IsraeI?" ' O E Z 2~0 : ~
    " 'As I am alive,' is the utterance of the Lord 0$?~2fi6
    Jehovah, 'I will not be inquired of by YOU.'
    a 2 And that which i
    s coming up into YOUR spiritae
    +?ji2
    will itself positiveIy not happen,"
    t h a t YOU :;p1,5;,3,
    are saying: "Let us become like the nations, La 337
    like the families of the lands,# in ministering *Bpzs,::5,
    lcDe 4 : z
    to wood and s ~ o ~ E'.'Ik"
    De 2 3 6
    33 " 'As I am alive,' is the utterance of the ~ , " , $ ~ ~ ~
    Lord Jehovah, 'it will be with a strong hand and Da 5 4
    with a stretched-out arm and with outpoured
    rage that I wiI1 rule as king over YOU peop1e.n n;:;4y;;5s
    34 And I rvill bring YOU forth from the peoples,
    and I will collect YOU together out of the lands
    to which YOU have been scattered with a strong
    hand and with a stretched-out arm and with r ~ ~ e ~
    outpoured rage.= S5And I will bring YOU into ,$g&B,
    the wilderness of the peoplesBand put myself on sc2;;:o
    tJer 2 : g
    judgment wit11 YOU there face to face.t
    Jer 2531
    36 " 'Just as I put myself on judgment with ~ : ; ; 2 0
    YOUR forefathers in the wilderness of the land
    of Egypt," so I shall put myself on judgment PU";'gy:s
    Heb 3%
    L 27:32
    ~
    with YOU,' is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah. Jer
    3:13
    'And I will make YOU pass under the rodv and $,"d:ii7
    bring YOU into the bond of the c0venant.v " And E; igS9
    I will purge out from YOU the revoIters and the zE;e%%?$o
    tran~gressors,~
    for out of the land of their tern- &Z1?j.5
    porary residence 1 shall bring them forth, but on$fl
    t o the soil of Lsrael they will not come;" and YOU
    g:;
    people will have to know that I am Jeho~ah.'~
    :222:f3
    I

    "Spirit."

    F;

    3.1, rniraAk; L X X , paeu'm,

    39 "And YOU people, 0 house of Israel, this


    is what the Lord Jehovaha has said, % serve
    each one of YOU his o m dungy idoIs." And
    afterward if YOU are not listening to me, then
    my holy name YOU will no more profane by
    4Pr 2L:w YOUR gifts and by YOUR dungy idols.'0
    Isa 123
    Jer 7 : l O
    40 " 'For in my holy mountain, in the moun+Xsa2:2
    Isa 66:20 tain of the height of Israel," is the utterance of
    Eze 179.3 the Lord Jehovah,& 'there is where they, the
    Keb 12:22
    whole house of Israel in its entirety, will serve
    me, in the land.@There I shall take pleasure in
    them and there I shall require YOUR centributions and the first fruits of YOUR presentations
    xMaI3:4
    in all rrom holy things." 41 Because of the restful
    J O 4:a3
    ~
    Heb 13:15 odor I shall take pleasure in YOU," when 1 bring
    *Ge R 2 1
    E h 5 2 YOU forth from the peoples and I actually collect
    PIP4il8 YOU together from the lands to which YOU have
    IiIsa 11:11 been scattered,k and I will be sanctified in YOU
    Jcr 23:3
    &It 24:31 before the eyes d t h e nations.'"
    nLe 10:3
    lsn
    42 " 'And YOU people will have to know that
    ~ 5:16
    \
    F J ~38:23
    Ercb 13:12 I am Jehovah,' when I bring YOU onto the soil
    r.Tcr 247
    ITee 3693 of Israe1,"into the land that I lifted up my hand
    doll 17:3
    R
    43 And
    nEze 11:17 [in an oath] to give to Y Q ~f0refathers.t
    1Rzc 2p:lB YOU will certainly remember there y o n wagsn
    t i I.(-20:4tl
    i d # . 1 !I
    1,:zc 11;:m and all YOUR dealings by which YOU defiled
    Fro 5:15 y o u r s e l ~ e s and
    , ~ YOU will a d a l I y fee1 a loathvEze G:9
    ing at YOUR o m faces because of all YOUR bad
    things that YOU did.Y a4 And YOU will have to
    know that I am Jehovahs when I take action
    with YOU for t h e sake of my name,*not accordling to YOUR bad ways or according to YOUR
    corrupted deaIings,O 0 house of Israel,' is the
    utterance of the Lord Jehovah."
    a lrThe Lord Jehovah?' M, A.rlo.say' F4ho..luih'; LXX, K g r i . 0 ~
    HgrY&.os; Vg, D o ' r n i . ~ ?IEs'us;
    ~~
    Sy, "the Lord of lords"; T, "JehoQ&
    Godr'; Luther German, &r Herr H e w .

    EZEKIEL 20: 45-21: 5

    76

    I*

    Anda the word of Jehovah continued to


    occur to me, saying: "Son of man, set your
    45

    '=XKI
    miw
    0 :

    da

    myself, Jehwah, have brought forth my sword


    fmm its heath.^ No more will it go back."'A
    6 "And as for you, 0 son a man, sigh with
    shaking hips.ac Even with bitterness you should
    sigh before their eyes.' And it must occ~tr,in
    case they say to you, 'On account of what are
    YOU sjghing?'@
    that you must say, 'At a report."
    FOP it will certainly come,* and every heart
    must rneltk and d l hmds must drop downlr and
    every spiritb must become dejectedr and all
    knees thernseIves n i l 1 drip with ~ a t e r . ~'Look!
    8
    It will certainly cornet and be brought to occur,'
    1s t h e utterance of the Lard Jehovah."A

    AIsn 45:a3
    %aceAin the direction of the southern quarterb 'mek7
    J t ~ r23:20
    I
    xu 3 .n
    ancl drip+ [words] to the south,o and prophesy 4222";2TZ
    CInn 21:3
    1
    -I,~~A 22:rl
    t o the forest of the field of [the] southlff'I TAnd ;;p
    ;;;
    you must say to the forest of the south,a 'Hear +gE;"l:$ ,Jcbr .I.lFJ
    9:s
    the word of Jehovah. This is, what the Lord
    ?
    ;
    $
    1511 7.2
    Jehovah has said: "Hew I am setting a fire
    L
    3rr W 2 3
    * . J ~ Jt;F 22
    ablaze against yo&@ m d it must devour in you
    k [ > c3?:H
    I
    I
    every still-moist tree and every dry tree.' The ,p::j;:
    Jos 5 , 1
    k i n d l i n ~flame wfll not be extingulslled," and by
    nl.;fi 15:s
    it all faces must be scorched from I the] south8 ~t 3:l2
    ::;f ,!;'j
    t o Ihe n0rth.k 48 And all those al fles11 must see. JFg
    r:;; TJ?
    :$!
    3i1~2112
    th~I
    t myself, Jehovah, have set it aflre, so
    8 And the word of Jehovah continued to
    3,n t:17
    nDe.~ M J J
    ~.u
    2 3 : ~mcur t o me, saying: "Son of man, prophesy,
    that it will not be extinguisheda"' "n
    2Ch 7:s
    nF:r.e 7 1 7
    t 1 7 f ~j : ~ and you must say, 'This is what Jehovah" has
    49 And 9 proceded to say: "Alas, 0 Lord
    1I'C .1 7
    It has been
    u ~ \ ~r F~ , I B said: "Say, 'A mod, a
    Jehovah!~They are saying respecting me, 'Is La 2 17
    ~harpened,~
    and
    it
    is
    dso
    polishedl.
    lo
    For the
    ;!;L?,7,;12
    he not composing proverbid ssayings?' ""
    rPn
    Ezem
    172
    :s
    vt,,!,1,. 3:!:41
    purpose
    of
    organizing
    a
    slaughter
    i
    t
    has
    been
    Andf the word of Jehovah continued to
    sharpened; for the purpose of its getting a glib
    occur to me,saying: a '8on of man, set
    rZjt4 t e p * it has been palisl~ed.'" ' " y
    your face toward Jerusalema and dripc [words] ;$3Fi46
    Ilnb 3:11
    "Or shall we emlt?''Z
    1:oward the holy pIaces," and propllesy a ~ a i n s t 08e m:?2
    rl5ri
    1hu22:19
    ~ 1 4
    llfI~itrejectingthescepterofmyomson,'
    2k.16
    $>
    *'LSII ;:I4
    tlre soil of Israel. a And you must say to the soil of A m ;:I6
    ns [it does] every tree?"
    0;;; ;:;,;
    Ismel, This is what Jehovah has said: "Here X UE3&?
    11 " 'And one gives it to be polished, fn order
    am against you,' and I wiLl bring forth my sword%; ,
    to
    wield [it] with the hand. It-* sword has
    5:s
    AJer B.0
    out oi its sheaths and cut off from you righteous yF#c
    i p 26:~s
    has been polished,
    307 25::27 been sharpened, and it-it
    .7a:4P
    Jcr r;l:'UI in order to give it into the hand of a ki1lerqA
    one and wicked one.='In order that I may actu- DC
    F. 17:93
    fJ!,r
    2n:;w
    t'r 47:G
    I,,YC $, 1 : ~
    ally cut off from you righteous one and wicked fxlp
    12 " 'Cry out and howlJ00 son of man, for
    1.1 :IT
    %c*r
    13:7
    one, therefore m y sword will go lorth fs0m its =Job 3:m
    'lcwith the breakdown o f hips,l' H. IS "Rpidt." M,rrt'alih;;
    A Jrif P~RIIT,
    sheath against all f i s h from southd to north.' 'g; $,2.47
    I:gI ~ ~ ~ r ' i ~ t wThat
    a . is, urinate under the presxure of fear. See
    t brce lIcbrcw nrrrnuseripb
    Esokicl 20 :39, footmote a. tLJeho~~h,"
    And all those of flesh will have to know that I

    F,"Pz:"31

    ,,,,

    21

    .,,

    With thia Terse ohapter 21 begin! in M, b"Thr! aonthern quarter."


    M,toinman'; LXX, TJEai.?n~w'i
    Vg, avtr*t8g.. * "i9011th?~b1, da.r6mt;
    LLK, Dadm'; Vgj a'frk.eua, d Or, "N~r'ch." 31, nrg'eb. See E.zekiel 20 :39, footnote a, With thia v a r ~ c!:llnptor 21, apcns in VgSyT.
    f

    i
    I

    nntk LXX; "Tho Sovereign hrd,'' (A.rIo.wmy') in BomP


    firhrciv editions, like that of Rudolf K t t c l ; "Ure Lord Je?liorcd
    ~ovnh,"
    t.blvpu Bsbrsw mnnuaeripts and two early R ~ b r e wprintod eilitione;
    '"Jahovnh God: VgT; %he Lord of lortle," By, Bee Ezekiel 18:25,
    f001noto b. 1 LitcrnlIg, "lightning:' M, ba.mqP.

    EZEKIEL 21:13--20

    18

    it itself has come to be against my people;+it +Ja=:2


    is against alI the chieftains of I ~ r a e lThe
    . ~ very @1-~e19:1
    ones hurIed to the sword have come t o be with
    my people." Therefore make a slap on [the] qer25:16
    thigh. Ia For an extermination has been made,k kgg;g
    and what [of it] if it is rejecting also the scep gzz2
    ter?" Thiha will not continue existing,'~is the nNu 24:n
    21C1 257
    utterance of the Lord Jehovahb
    P5 128:J
    Eze 19:14
    14 "And you, 0 son of man-prophesy, and raer
    39:s
    sfxike paIm against palrn,a and 'A sword!' should ,%2"4':.$'
    be doubled for three times.t The sword of the ,%$;::
    slain ones it is. It. is the sword of one slain who
    is great, which is making an encirclementu of Ujgi22g2
    them.' lo In order for the heart to disintegratey vj&;;,3
    and [in order] to multiply those who are over- g
    ;e
    ;55
    ; 17:n
    thrown at all their
    I will make a slaugh- xder
    ter by the sword, Alas, it is made for a glitter21:10
    ing,c polished for a slaughter!* I 0 Show yourse1f"E"
    sharp;" go to the right!" Set your position; go ;EE
    to the left! To wherever your face is directed!
    l7 And I myself also shall strike my one palm
    against my other palm; and I will bring my +E;$:y3
    rage t a its rest."I myself, Jehovah, have spoken."
    ~ y
    ; ; ~
    18 And the word of Jehovah continued t o 9me
    16:42
    occur to me, saying: IB
    "And as for you, 0 son
    of man, mt for yourself two ways for the sword
    of t h e king of 13aBabyIona to enter." From the one "g;;ti7
    land both of them should go forth, and an [in- ;;$
    ;
    dex] hand should be cut outie at the head of the
    way t o the city it should be cut outnf*'O A way
    2:;
    alitwaUy, "It!' That is, the scepter, whifih is masculine. in p d e r ;
    not the sword, which is feminke in gender i n Bf, See Ezekiel
    20: 39, footnote a. CZiteraUyy "lightning?' M, bra.p.aq', "Shorn

    *E

    yourself," in the feminino gender, this command being ~ddrmsedto


    the a ~ o r d , "Babylon,l' L X X V g ; "Barbel," NXgT. "Should be out
    ant?' The Hebrew here is in the infinitive abaolnte md is therefoeore
    impersonal and indefinite aa to time.

    04m 1:15

    kDe 311

    you should set for [the] sword t o enter against


    Rab'bahk of the sons of A m ' m ~ n ,and
    ~ [one]

    against Judah, against Jerusalem f0rtified.n


    21 Fox the king of Babylon& stood still a t the
    cr~ssways,~r
    at the head of the two ways, in
    order t o resort t o divination.# He has shaken
    the arrows. He has asked by means of the
    teraphim;co he has looked into the 1iver.t ==In
    Y P X 21:l
    his right hand the divination proved to be for
    .3Nu 22:7
    DG 1 8 : l O Jerusalem, to set battering-rams," to open one's
    1Sa 35:23
    Isa 3 2
    mouth in a war
    to raise the sound in am
    Jer 2?:9
    Eze 1 3 8 alarm signal,' to set battering-rams against
    x J 6 18:14
    2Ki 23:24 gates, to throw up a siege rampart, to build a
    Zec 1O:a
    And it has become to them like an
    u2Ki 25:l siege wall?
    Eze 4:2
    untrue
    divination
    in their eyesezThere are those
    v E x 32:17
    30s 6:20
    sworn
    into
    oaths
    to them,* and he is calling
    lSa 17:20
    yder 32:B error to sesnembran~e,~
    in order [for them]
    Jer 33:4
    g::&t o be caught."
    24 "Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah
    has
    gip said, 'By reason of POUR causing YOUR error
    to be remembered by YOUR transgressions being uncovered, in order that YOUR sins may be
    seen according t o all YOUR dealings, by reason
    ( Jer
    J r 8r 322: ~ of YOUR being called t o remembranceP YOU peo'Je* 15:s ple will be seized even by the hand.'+
    ' ~ ~ ~ ~ $ ~25
    1 3 "And as for you, 0 deadly wounded, wicked
    chieftain
    of Israel: whose day has come in the
    Z,2f3
    time
    of
    the
    error of [the] end,wZthis is what
    ,$gg!6
    the
    Lord
    Jehovah
    has said, 'Remove the turban,
    i: #
    E&I1 and lift off the crown.# Thise will not be the
    2Sa 12:28
    f er 4 9 3

    Eze %:5
    112Sa 3:9
    2Ch 2 6 3
    2Ch 32:5
    2Ch 2314
    Ps 48.E
    Isa =:I0
    La 4 3 2
    EHo 3:1

    l'Bnbylon," L m g ; "Ba%el," MSyT, b"Crossways." Literally,


    "mother of the way,') 31. c''Ter~phimi'N ; "carred images," LXX;
    ''idols," Vg. d $'War c~y,"by a transpoiition of the letters of t h e
    Hebrew viord; Literally, "111urder: M, e "This," M, ~ 6 t in
    h ~the
    feminine gender.
    a

    EZEKEL 21:27-22: 2

    EZEKIEL 22 :3-11

    80

    same.ak Put on high even what is low,"and bring ';fg;


    low even the high one.' A ruin, a ruin, a ruinb ; zi?7 I
    I shall make itVCB
    As for thisa also, it will cer- B&4g6
    I
    tainly became no [one's] until he comes who has
    ;
    py
    the legaI right,t and I must: give [it] to him.'eu L
    zm 20:m
    Eze 5%
    28 "And you, 0 son of man, prophesy, and xze25:15
    j,
    Re 1l:lR
    you must say, 'This is what the Lord Jehovah tGe 48:lV
    I
    has said concerning the sons of Arnfmon and ~
    ~
    ~1,
    concernhg the reproach from them! And you g; $$4
    must say, 'A sword, a swo~ddrawn for a slaugh- %
    , ;2
    ter, polished for an exterrninatt~n,~
    in order t o g: &;;
    ~ I l l t t e r'"
    , ~because of [their] beholding for youg
    an unreality,Y because of [their] divining for vy:;;;!X
    Am l : i ~
    youg a lie," in order to put yous on the necks d ~
    ~
    I~
    1
    the slain ones, the wicked men whose day has Eze 21:20
    come in the time of the error of [the] end.* 'p337:ls
    1
    So Return [it] to its sheath." In the place that
    j,'i!
    yous were created, in the land of yours origin) %g ;?iy
    3 shall judge y0u.g S1 And I will pour out upon
    yous my denunciation.@With. the fire of my ONa 1:s
    fury I shall blow upon you,' and I will give you +?&{$;
    into the hand of men" who are unreasoning, the
    craftsmen of ruination.@8 2 For the fire you will
    become f u e l . T o u r own blood will prove to be "~p-y::?~
    in the midst of the land. You will not be remembered, for I myself, Jehovah, have smken.' "# *** 257
    And the word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: "And as for you,
    0 son of man, will you judge$ will you judge kEz@20:4

    22

    arrThe sarne,jJ Literally, "this," M; in the feminine gender, b Or,


    "a clistortion (twisting)." "It!' The pronoun ia in the feminine
    gender. d "Thi~.'~M, 26tlc; in the feminine gender, e Or, '1 must
    give it [that ia, the rightfnl due]:, f Or, c ' f o ~
    sansing a devouring,''
    g The Hebrew pronotm is in the singulw number, feminine gender,
    evidently referring t o Rab%sh of the Amtmon.itea. h"Men.'> N,
    a.ra8.skim'.

    bloodguilty cityan and certainly cause her


    $jJ@r2:34
    E/ the
    to
    know
    all her detestable things?r And you
    Hb 4:2
    &re
    23:33 must say, 'This is whal: the Lord Jehovahb has
    rIsa 55:l

    said: "0 city that is shedding bloods in the


    midst
    of herself till her time comes,t and that
    ~
    ;:t
    ?jz;
    has made dungy idols within herself in order
    nz%i g::;; t o become unclean,u by your blood t h a t you
    have1 shed you have become
    and by your
    v?& ~9*5,, 3
    PS 106:38 dungy idols that you have made you have beyLe26:90
    come mc1ean.Y And you bring your days near
    and you wiIl come to your years. That is why I
    must make you an object of reproach to the
    and a derision to all the lands.z The
    z ~ ; i ~ ; nations
    ~ ~
    2m ::20
    nearby
    and those f a r away from you
    ~Ps 4414~ [lands]
    :
    $
    Jer 18:16 will deride you, 0 you unclean in name, aboundDa 9:16
    Look! the chieftainsu of Isra*De29.24 ing in c~nfusion.~
    PS 79 4
    Jer24:9 el have proved t o be in you, each one [given
    UIsa 1.23
    over] to his arm for the purpose of shedding
    AMic22:1 bloodOAFather and mother they have treated
    v ~ ; & ~ with
    ~ ~ contempt in YOU.^ Towad the temporary
    resident they have acted with defrauding in the
    t of you.' Fatherless boy and widow they
    rndtreated in you.'"
    8 " 'My holy places you have despised, and
    ULe 19-30
    2b:13 m y sabbaths you have profaned." O Outright
    slanderersc have proved to be in you for the
    se of shedding blood,' and en the rnounthey have eaten in youakh o s e conduct
    have carried on in the midst of you.n
    e nakedness of even a father they have
    veredld In you;" a woman unclean in [her]
    nstmation they have humiliated in
    l1 And with the wife of his companion a mane
    sme

    2~

    ty of the bIooda," Jf, b See Ezekiel 20 : 39, f oof


    [la.na.s7bim'] of slander:' M. d Literally,
    "one [or, he] hm nficorered," M.~ " X ~ I I1.9",Lk.

    , "men

    EZEKIEL 22 :-19

    fg:m
    has done a detestable thing,e and his own tLe
    D e 2222
    Jer
    5:B
    daughter-in-law a mana has defiled with loose
    cenduct;u and his sister, the daughter of his
    own father, a mana has humiliated in you.v
    l aA bribe they have taken in you for the purpose of shedding blood.7 Interestz and usury you
    have taken," and you violently keep making
    gainu of your companions with defrauding,"
    and me you have forgotten,'@is the utterance
    of t h e Lord Jehovah.
    13 "'And, look! I have struck m y hand+ at
    your unjust gain that you have made,' and over
    your acts of bloodshedb that have proved to be
    in t h e midst of you." l4 Will your heart keep
    enduring* or your hands furnjsh strength in the
    o b 40!9
    days when I am taking action toward you?k I MIsa
    31:s
    myself, Jehov~h,have spoken and 1 will take 1 c o la22
    a c t i ~ n l5
    . ~And I will scatter you among the na4:2T
    tions and disperse you among the landsl=and rDe
    Jer 15:4
    Jaa 1:1
    I will destroy" your uncleanness out of y0u.B sIsa
    1:25
    ls And you wiIl certainly be profaned within Ma1 3:3
    yourself before the eyes sf [the] nations,t and
    you will have t o know that I am Jehovah.' "U
    17 And the word of Jehovah continued t o
    come to me, saying: Is "Sen of man, t o me those
    of the house of Israel have become as scummy
    dr0ss.v All of them are coppery and tin and
    iron and lead in the midst of a furnace. Much
    scummy dross, [that of] silver, they have become.=
    zpr
    Isa 17:a
    M:lO
    19 'Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah
    has said, 'For the reason that all of YOU have
    become as much scummy dross,*therefore here ' ~ 1 ~ ~

    M, ;ah. Literafly, '"yom blood," AT; hnt as the subject


    of a verb in the plural number, Literally, $'terminate," 31.

    a "Man.')

    EZEKIEL 22:2 b 2 7

    82

    I am collecting aou together into the midst of


    1?:7

    J e m ~ d e m . ~As in collecting silver and copper


    and iron and lead and tin into the midst of a
    furnacelnin order to blow upon it with fire to
    "2%"1:;gcause a melting,$ so I shall collect [them]
    together in my anger and in my rage, and I
    93 will blow&and muse YOU people t o melt? And
    1 will bring YOU together and blow upon YOU
    z;17
    the fire of my fury,' and YOU must be
    Eg: &f2$5, 3 with
    melted
    in the midst of her.bXa 2 As in the melting
    Ps 219
    of
    saver
    in the midst of a furnace, so YOU people
    FE Z. 15:7
    will be melted in the midst of her;b and YOU wilI
    ~
    Ka 1:6
    have to know that I myself, Jehovah, have
    up, 88.2
    poured
    out my rage upon YOU.' "*
    ~a$F!o
    UEze 20x3
    23
    A
    n
    d the word of Jehovah continued to
    HO~:IQ
    come t a me, saying: 2 4 "Son of man, say to her,
    'You are a land not being cleansed, one not
    :$? rained down upon in the land of denunciation."
    6
    ' There is a conspiracy of her prophets in t h e
    Jer 5:31 midst of her,n like the roaring lion,r fearing
    Jer 623
    j+Jer 2:30
    prey." A soulc they actually dev0ur.t Treasure
    RHO6 9
    M I C 3:5
    and precious things they keep taking.u Her
    I L l r 12:40
    LU m~ widows they have multiplied in the midst of
    I I J A5:4
    ~
    y.~pp
    158 her.v Za Her priests themselves have done viaY , I ~ ~4:1.3
    2V s
    lence t o my lawy and they keep profaning m y
    places~Between the holy thing and the
    iL',c holy
    command*
    they have made no distinction," and
    zLe
    Ma120
    2,s
    3
    *Eze44:23 between the unclean thing and the clean they
    ELe 10:10
    1Sa21:6 have made nothing knownjAand from my sabLu 6:d
    *Le 11:47 baths they have hidden their eyes,O and I am
    profaned in the midst of them.+ " Her princes
    0gJF~~3
    midst of her are like wolves tearing prey
    + ~ ; ~ ~ in
    ~ the
    o
    Mlc 4.12

    1.330
    aPr2z21

    I
    1'
    I

    1
    I
    I

    l
    I

    "

    ~ ~ 1 9

    1,

    ee

    a "Blow"; by a co~rectionof X. Literally, "deposit," n-ithout an


    object, M. Or, "it."
    The pronoun is iu the feminine gender t o
    refer t o the city of Jerusalem. *"Soul." M, abeph%sh; L a ,
    psy.clrai'; Tg, ofni.mcae, "01;

    "profane?'

    fn shedding blood," in destroying soulsa for the

    W 3 e 22:6

    purpose of making unjust gain." 2sAnd her wt 21:lS


    prophets themselves have coated them with
    whitewash,* visioning an unrealityk and divin. *I%Eze 30:lO
    13:10
    2k29
    ing far them a lie,n saying: "This is what the kEze
    naer 23%
    Lord Jehovah has said," when Jehovah himself La 2 2 4
    bas not spoken. 2"~
    people of the Iand them6:2
    selves have carried on a scheme of defraudings sLe
    Jer 5:26
    Mic 2 2
    and have done a tearing away in mbkry,t and tPs
    62:10
    the afflicted one and the p r one they have Isa 3:14
    22:21
    maltreated," and the temporary resident they uEx
    Le 193.3
    VEX23:9
    have defrauded without justice.'v
    30 " 'And I kept looking for a manb from
    among them who would be repairing the stone
    $956
    wally and standing in the gapm before me in be- yBa
    Isn 63:5
    Jer
    5:1
    half of the land, in order [for me] not ta bring rnPs 106:23
    18:23
    it to ruin;=and I found no one. a1 So I shall pour zGe
    Ex 32:ll
    out my denunciation*upon them. With the fire *Isa
    2620
    OIaa
    of my fury I will exterminate t h e m DTheir way hra 110:22
    :6
    I will bring upon their own head,'n is the utter- A E z e 11:21
    ance of the Lord Jehovah."c
    And the word of Jehovah proceeded t o
    come to me, saying: "Son of man, two
    women, the daughters of one rnothe~,there h a p
    37
    pened to be.' a And they began to prostitute VJer
    Eze 16:46
    17:7
    themselves ir~Egypt." In their youth they com- *Le
    De 29:17
    mitted prostitution.@There their breasts were Jos 24:14
    Eke 20:s
    squeezed, and there they pressed the bosoms of mEze 16:Z.Z
    Ho 2 : s
    their virginity. And their names were O.ho'1ahd
    the older onee"and 0-hal'i-bahf her sister, and 4 x 1 12:m
    19:s
    #ey came t o be mineRand began t o give birth #Ex
    der 2:Z
    Eze 168
    t o sons and daughters.k And as for t h e i r names, kEze 16:20

    23

    'rSoUIS." M, nepka.shdtlat; Vg, ay~i.mrse.b "A man!) If,isk. * See


    Ezekiel 20 : 39, footnote s. d Meaning "Her [own] Tent." Literallg;
    "the great one" (feminine), 24, Weaning "My Tent Is in Her."

    n1Ki 1634
    Joh 4:5
    rlKl 8:29
    Ps 13k13
    doh 4:20

    O.hotIah is Sa.mar'i.a,n and O.holli.bah is Jem-

    salem.

    5 "And Omhorlah
    began t o prostitute herself,s
    while subject t o me, and kept lusting after those
    passionately loving her,t after the As-syr'i.ans,u
    who were near, governors clothed with coccus
    scarlet stuff, and their deputy rmlers-desirable
    young men aU of them, cavalrymen riding
    horses. And she continued giving forth her
    prostitutions upon them, the choicest sor?s of
    As.syrfi.aall of them; and with all those after
    whom she lusted-with their dungy idoh-she
    vPa lW80 defiled herself.'
    And her prostitutions [carHo 5:3
    Ho 6:lD ried] from Egypt she did not leave, for with her
    they had lain down in her youth, and they were
    the ones that pressed the bosoms of her virginity and they kept w r i n g out their immoral
    y E x 32:4 intercourse upon h e r 7
    Therefore I gave her
    1Ki m25
    2Ki 10:29 into the hand of those passionately laving her,"
    2Ki 17:16
    Ezt? 23:3 into the hand of the sons of As.syrti.a, towad
    ~ 2 K 1229
    i
    17:3 whom she had lusted.' lo
    They were the ones
    2Ri 17:23
    2Ki 183 that uncovered her n8kedness.O Her sons and
    1Ch 5:26
    H o i1:5 her daughters they took," and her hey killed
    DF2e 16:31
    Tln 2:10
    even with sword. And she came to be infamya
    AXtil 17.6
    21C1 16:11 to women, and acts of judgment were what they
    mZKi17;le executed upon her.m
    11 "When her sister 0.hol'i.bah got to see
    +Jer9;7
    [it],'then she exercised her sensual desire more
    ruinously than she, and her prostitution more
    eJer 3:s than the fornication of her sisterme
    l a For the
    a K i 16:7 sons of As.syr'i.a she lusted,' governors and
    2m a 1 6
    deputy rulers who were near, clothed with per*
    feet taste, cavalrymen riding horses-desirabIe
    a Or, icreputafionP L i t a d y , '8nme"; here in a bad, infamorn
    slKl 14:16
    1Ki 2136
    2Kt 17:7
    tEze 3 6 3 3
    Ho 2:s
    u2K1 15:19
    2Ki 16:7
    H O 5:t3
    Ho 8:9
    Ho 10:B

    sense.

    EZEKIEL 23:J L 2 0

    86

    young men all of them." la And 1 got t o see that, #EZe


    because she had defiIed herself, both of them
    had one way.k IP
    And she kept adding t o her k$gii::g
    acts of prostitution when she got t o see the H o 12:2
    mena in carvings upon the waIl,n imagesr of nEZeRio
    rJer 5 0 : ~
    Chd-de'ans carved in verrnilion,s girded with aJer22:14
    beltst on their hips, with pendant turbans on
    their heads, having the appearance of warriors,b
    all of them, the likeness of the sons of Babylon,= Chal-de'ans as respects the land of their
    birth. lo And she began ta lust after them at the
    sight of her eyesU and proceeded to send mes- ug:i:,
    6:B
    sengers t o them in Cha1.de'a.T And the sons 1 pr
    Mt 5 2 8
    of BabyIonc kept coming in to her, t o the bed
    of expressions of love, and defiling her with ,"gey$&
    their immoral intercourse;y and she continued rEze
    2 ~ 13:14
    16:37
    s
    getting defiled by them, and her sould began to
    turn away disgusted from them. lsAnd she
    went on uncovering her ads of prostitution and
    uncovering her nakedness," so that my wuId z:","rtz
    began to turn away disgusted from company Ezelm
    with her, just as my soudhad turned away disgusted from company with her sister.' And *$; gii
    she kept multiplying her acts of p~ostitution~j.z:t$40
    to t h e p i n t of calling t o mind the days of her e2?8
    youth," when she prostituted herself in the land
    of EgypL4 And she kept lusting in the styIe ,?$Z",$&
    of concubines belonging to those whose fleshly ,$z
    membere is as the fleshly membere of male 4E2e20:7

    fz,

    rrN~n,"
    84, a.~arl.shino'.b "Wairior8." Or, "shielcl-be~rers."Hebrew,
    aLa.Zi.slniwal; literally, "third men." ZXX, tris.s8' (tithreefold'') ;
    17gjdu'c.99 ('41eaders"),
    regards chariots, h . s y r t i . a n bas-reliefs
    show one of the three chariot occnpa~ltat o be an mmor-bcai-ex or
    uinb~ella-bearer,a third man, t'f3ab~lon," Vg; "Ba'bel," 3ISyT.
    d "Sod." 31, wsph'esfi; L X X , psy,ehd'; Vg, ~'~i.n$16,
    r'Fleshly
    member.'! Literally, "flesh,'l Y,
    a

    asses and whose genital organ Is as the genital

    organ of male horses.' 21And you continued


    calling attention to the loose conduct of your
    youth by the pressing of your breasts from
    Egypt onward for the sake& of t h e bosoms of
    aEze 23:3 your youth.@
    22 "Therefore, 0 O.hoIti.bahj this is what the
    Lord Jehovah has said, 'Here I am musing up
    your passionate lovers against you,Vthose from
    E ~ e 1 6 : f l whom your soulb has turned away in disgust,"
    H a h 1:B
    fZe l7:18 and I will bring them in against you on alI
    *Eze 2317
    kJer 6%
    sides,lC2 a the sons of Babyloncnand all the ChaIder 1 2 9
    n2Ki 20:14 defans,rPe'kods and Sho'a and Ko'a, all the sons
    Be 21+19
    lh2Ki 24:2 of As.syrti.a with them, desirable young men,
    gpvernors and deputy rulers all of them, war&
    ":,;::
    ~ summoned ones, riding on horses, all
    $,rlEze
    c,7,:f;i 2 3 s r i o r ~and
    of them.u a 4 And they must come in against you
    Ti;; iz!O with rattlinge of war chariots and wheels,v and
    xa 2 4
    with a congregation of peoples,with large shieId
    N a 3,2
    and buckler and helmet, They wilI set themselves against you all around, and I wiIl give
    judgment
    over to them and they must judge
    szSaH:14
    YOU with their judgrnents.y 2s And I wiLl express
    ge%h
    ~ ~ 0 2 1 1 amy
    3
    ardor against you," and they must take acz1.x 3l:lrl
    ljr ;l:lm2o tion against you in rage.' Your nose and your
    I3c 3?:21
    Eze :%:lo ears they would remove, and the remainder of
    Zep 1:18
    YOU will fall even by the sword. Your sons and
    6:34
    your
    daughters they themselves will take,O and
    Eg,"e2j$,
    the remainder of you will be devoured by the
    taor
    EZF 13:22
    16:39 fire? zB And they wilI certainly strip off you
    gEf;31, your clothingo and take away your beautiful
    'EZ"6:26

    ...

    dight correction, "throu~h,the s q l ~ e e h g l )b "Roul.)' 11)


    sy.cT~g'; Vg, u ?tanma. "l3abyIon," L X X T g ;
    'qdbel," X S ~ T l. o r , id&ield-lwarers." See verse 16, footnote b.
    Or, possibIp, "II multitude." The meaning of the Hebrem word
    here is uncertain.
    a

    Or, b y

    saeph'esh; LXX,

    articles.' And I shall a h a Uy cauge your loose :'p,S.$j


    conduct to cease from you: and your pmfltu- m;;~Fy,;l
    rion [carried] from the land ofEgypt;"and you *I'
    s:.Nmr123.7 2:1
    will not raise your eyes to them, and Egypt you r.5e.r:l:le
    will 1.ernernber no more.'
    28 "For this is what the Lord Jehsvaha has
    said, 'Here I am giving you into the hand of
    those whom you have hated, into the hand of
    those from whom your soulb has turned away
    disgusted." 8DAndtheymust take action against
    you in hatredk and take away all your p ~ ~ a d u c t
    I.~:'I:,
    of toil and leave you naked and nzlde,o nnd the zs.7
    nudeness of your acts of fornication and your "':"' """"
    loose conduct and your acts of prostitution
    must be uncover@
    "There wilI be a doingd n$"z;!,;
    I*

    mJJ
    n
    ";$
    ,;&
    r

    of these things t o you because of your going r;;r~z$?


    li Re a prostitute after [the] nations,r on account * I P ~IG: I I
    r'r 2'29
    of the fact that you defiled yourself with their :.."78
    6:n
    dungy idols.%31 In the way of your sister you fxK,"$27
    have wa1ked;t and I shall have t o give hcr cup ,ii;';
    3'6 1?:(1
    into your hand.'^
    JI-I' ( : I 5
    32 "This is what the Lord Jehovah has mid,
    'The cup of your sister you !%dl1drink, the deep yt';;:;:
    and wide one.' You will become an object of Y ~ ~ ~ ~
    laughter and derision, [the cup] mntalnlng JcrP+:g
    much.J'a3 With drunkenness and grief you will F<fC2;k55
    be filled,s with the cup of astonjshment nnd of x ; : ' ; r ~ ~ j ~ ~
    dmolationp the cup of your sister Sa.mnr'I.~."
    =:,;;:
    8%nd you will have to drink it nnd drain fit]
    out," and its f ragmenb you will gnaw, ~tndyour O F R,!yb
    breasts you will tear out.* "For I myself have nl2.e 2 3 3
    spoken," is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah.'

    ;;;;z;s

    Exakiel 20: 39, footnote a. b"90ul." MI ~ t e p h ' e d ~ZXX,


    ;
    pw.cltCr; Tg, n'd.ma. CLitrrally, "nnkerlness nntl nudity," 3T.
    ''There will be a doing?' The Eebraw vnrh l l ~ r ais i n ths jnflnitire
    ub~oluteand hmw is impergona1 and indcflnife as t o time.
    a Aes

    35 "Thereforethis b what the Lord Jehovah


    has said, 'For the reason that you have forgotq J ~ c ten
    ~ ~ mei
    ~ o and you proceeded to cast me behind
    14:s your back,* then you yourself also bear your
    U e 9:ZG
    eie W:E loose conduct and your acts of prostitcrtion.'
    36 And Jehovah went on to say t o me: "Son
    of
    man, will you judgeW.h.hlah and O.hol'i.bah*
    ikgI;eg!$
    s a w l and tell them thefr detestable things?k For
    ~ ~ ~there is
    ",1+Eze1":38
    "H",31::12 they have commitled ~ c l u l t c r yand
    blood on thefr h ~ n d s and
    , ~ with their dungy
    *-lm
    idols they have committed adultery." And, besides that, thefr Eons whom they had borne to
    me they made pass through [the Rrej to thema
    tm16:21 as food.' aBIVhatIs more, this is what they have
    done ts me: They have defiled my sanctuary in
    %:g;4 that day,u and my sabbaths they have profaned.v And when they had slaughtered their
    ~-g;~lz*g
    sons to their dungy Idols they even proceeded
    to come into my sanctuary on that day t o profane i t , Y and, look! that is w h ~ they
    t
    have done
    ;ryr;o;
    Jer 11:15 in the midst of my house." And In addition
    z2Ch 33:4
    Jer 2 3 : l
    to that, when they began to send t o the menb
    Eze 447
    from far away, t o whom there was sent
    ' coming
    a messenger.' then, look! they cnrneFDfor whom
    + * : ~I : i
    you Ilad washed yourself," painted your eyes0
    t s 2:12
    and decked yourself with ornaments.' ""nd
    9:w
    e r 4:30
    +PI-7 2 0
    you sat down upon a glorious couch,' with a
    g,"2ii?utable set in order before it,"and my incense and
    eI","ng;:7 . my aiI you put upon jtmH And the sound of a
    8Jer 44:17 crowd at ease was in her,k m d to the menb out
    '15am:11
    p;;p o f the mass of rnanlcIndc there were drunkardsn
    EX 32:6 being brought in from the wilderne~s,and they
    130 1 3 5
    11Isaa:l 'proceeded t o put bracelets on the hands of the
    "Them." In the mmullne gentler, to refer to the dungy idols.

    ""

    "

    b '%en."
    at, a.ttlmkim'; the plurnl number of
    31, rs.drnt.

    (dlr.

    "hZankindn3'

    91

    EZEKIEL 24:1 - 4

    womena and beautiful crowns upon their heads.'


    &d the word of Jehovah continued to
    43 "And I proceeded to say respecting her
    occuf*t o me in the ninth year, in the
    who was worn out with adultery, 'Now she will
    tenth month, on the tenth [day] of the month,
    keep an committing her prostitution, even she
    saying: "Son of man, write down for yourself
    herraelf.'a 44 And they kept on coming in to her, 3ry10"$6
    the name of the day, this selfsame day. The
    just as one comes in to a woman that is a prosti- Jer 13:23
    king of Babylon&has thrown himself against
    tute; in that manner they came in to 0-ho'lah
    Jerusalem on t h i s selfsame day." And compose
    J e r m a proverbial saying concerning the rebeIlious
    and to 0.hol'i.bah as women of loose c0nduct.t tg;;$$z
    4j But as regards righteous rnen,"hey
    are the
    house,r and you must say concerning them,
    l'g;J:i&,
    Mlc 2:4
    ones that will judge herc with the judgment for
    " This is what the Lord Jehovah has said:
    Lu 8:10
    adulteressesu and with the judgment for female U$z$::ly
    "Put t h e widemouthed cooking pot on; put [it]
    shedders of blood;v for adulteresses are what ,E,";%:%
    ;1:' on, and also pour water into it.# Gather pieces
    they are and there is blood on their hands.y ~$:;,2,&
    tEze 11:7 in it: every goad piece, thigh and shoulder; fill
    1:15
    46 "For this is what the Lord Jehovahd has Isa
    [it] even with the choicest bones. Let there
    Jer 7:6
    said, 'There will be the bringing up of a cangre- EC4;210
    rJer3fl:6 be a taking of the choicest sheep,v and also
    Jer 52.10
    gation against them2 and a makinge of them a zJer 25:s
    Jer52127 stack the logsb in a circle under it. Boil its
    Eze 16:40
    a e 34:16
    frightful abject and something to plunder.' *Jcr15:4
    pieces,c also cook its banes in the midst of
    y a e 24:10 it.,) 7 ~ y y
    47 And the congregation must pelt them with
    iz: Z$TT
    stones,O and there will be a cutting of them down a$
    6 "Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah
    with their swords. Their sons and their dangh- h e 16:m
    has said, 'Woe to the city d deeds of bloodters they will kiHA and with fire their houses
    $:%shed,dz
    the widemouthed cooking pot, the m ~ s t
    they will burnq 4S And 1: shall certainly cause ~;',"~yig
    of which is in it,* and the very rust of which
    g2a
    loose conduct' to cease out of the land, and all. the
    has not gone forth oat of if!' Piece by piece of
    .E\:\y
    women will have t o let themselves be corrected, J;r22;13
    Eze 2a:9
    it, bring it out;" no lot must be cast over i t o
    $
    :;
    so that they will not do according to yonf loose ee,
    For its very blood has come t o be right in the
    ,
    ?
    ,
    "
    ;
    $
    ?
    ;
    I
    1
    c o n d u ~ t . ~ And they must bring YOUR^ loose IM zs:s
    midst
    of it.' Upon the shining, bare surface af
    conduct upon POW,'* and t h e sins of YOUR^ dungy ?$: iiip
    ZIsa 59:18
    a
    crag
    she placed it. She did not pour it out
    "JFf.
    idols ~ o uwill
    f bear; and YOU people will have to Ezc 16:43
    upon
    the
    earth, in order to cover it over with
    know that I am the Lord Jehovah.' "*
    UPS
    Eze9:16
    6:13
    16:18 dust.@ In order to bring up rage for the executIsa 26:21
    a Literfly, '(on their hanth," the pronoun "theiy' being in the femi'::i.$f5 ing of vengeance,"I have gut her blood upon
    nine gender, buA1en." 51, rs.vtii.~Jrim';the plural number of ieh.
    C4(Her." Literally, "them" (masculine), If. "Them" (forninine),
    ,y,O,lf$~! the shining, bare surface of a crag, in order that
    LXKTrgSy. d See Ez&el 20 : 39, footnote a, "There will be the
    FF;F37 it may not be covered over.'"

    24

    Fee

    z$;z::;:

    ";:

    ,,:,

    z;::

    . . a mnkig." The Hebrew verbs here are in the infinltiw absolute nnd hence are impersonal and irldefinite aa to time.
    The second-pexson pronoun ia in the faminine gender, plural
    nnmber.
    briuging up

    fdBabylon,'7L m g ; "Ba9elP MSVT, b Gte~ally, bone^,'^ W.


    "Pieces," two Hehrew m m n s c i i p t s K ~ n n ~ t literally,
    t;
    C'boilings:'
    M.d W e e d s of bloodshed," LiternIly, ('the bloods," M,
    C

    EZEKIEL 24:18-25
    F

    9 "Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah


    has said, 'Woe t o t h e city of deeds of blood-

    BP8$7:7

    w ~ r d s . ~ the
    ~ odead
    r ones no mourning should

    you makeat Your headgear bind on yourself,s


    ;
    ~ n dyour sandals you should put upon your
    1 ~ ~ , * ~ i ~ 1 2v2sa15!30 feet,v
    And you should not cover over [the]
    ,E,"= y;T
    ~~c1~;::,4"mustache,b~and the bread of menc you should

    shed!ak I myself also shall make the pile great .n


    lo Make the logs many. Kindle the fire. Boil the
    flesh thorougldy. And empty out the broth,b
    and let the bones themseEres become piping
    hot.r Stand itc empty upon its coals in order ~ ~ ~ r $
    that it may get hot, and its copper must become j!;;
    heated up and its undeanness must be melted igj;;j&y
    in the midst of it.8 Let its mst get mnmuned.t cg;:;?;;3
    l a Troubles! It has made {one] tired, but the
    great amount of its rust does not go forth out
    1 vJm 5:s
    of it.v Into [the] f i e with its rust!'
    I Jer 6:29
    13 '"There was loose conduct En yaurd uncleanness.~For that reason I had to cleanse y3dhrn:B
    .%:14
    .'ye 22:9
    you,d but you did not become dean from your 1..
    W e 2:7
    uncleanness. Youd will become clean no more
    until I cause my rage t o come t o its rest In
    your case.o l4 I myself, Jehovah, have spokenmb
    It must come,O and I wilI act, I shall not neg- ;-;$(1:~"
    neither shall I feel sorrynnor feel regret.' p;l<r ;
    :).I1
    According to yourd ways and according t o your 1::2
    deaLings theye will certainly judge you,'k is the ?l':'c
    { I ~ C:!:I
    "'L:"1
    F.zc Ili 13
    utterance of the Lord Jehovah."
    N t 11i:27
    15 And the word of Jehovah continued to "" 2:G
    occur to me, saying: la "Son of man, here 1
    rn taking away from you the thing desirable
    t o your eyes by a blow,n and you shouId not ngBJ;:p2,
    beat your breast, neither should you weep nor
    should your tears come on. 17Sigh without

    uE#g

    of bloodshed." Zihally, "the bIoods,"qM.


    ""Emptg out
    the bmth.''" By a corredion of M. IJkrallyl 'Zet there be a spioing
    with the scented herbs," 35. eUIt." lin the fcminiae gender in >I.
    *The second-pmn pronoun h in the feminine gender, singnlnr
    number, it being addresed to the city. '"They," 31; "I," LXX-

    BJCr 1G:7

    $ ~ o

    , not

    18 And I proceeded to speak to the people


    in the morning, and my wife gradually died in
    '3C07:29 the evening.' SO I did in the morning just as
    I had been commanded. loAncI the people kept
    saying to me: "Will you not telI us what these
    have to do with us, that you are doing?'sD
    Eg: things
    ?" Then I said t o them: '(Thevery word of Jehovah has occurred to me, saying, 'Say to t h e
    house ofIsrael : "This is what the Lard Jehavah
    'g: 7-14 has said, 'Here I m profaning my sanctuary:
    ZLL~ : i o the pride of YOUR slrength,O the thing desirable
    to YOUR eyes* and the object of YOUR soul'sd
    J:ZC '1*7
    6r.y okie
    compassion, and YOUR son9 and YOUR daughters
    1's 305:4
    people have left behind-by the
    1'3 .I,~z:R whom YOU
    +l'r
    ,,, %7;,1 sword they will fallam2%~d YOU mill have t o do
    :',j"; ,l;:$: just as I have done. Mustachese you wilI not
    .fl'rm.3 cover over," and the bread of menc YOU wiU not
    13.n 2 6 : H
    11.1, 33.41
    cnt.* '%nd Youn headgear will be on YOUR
    kl lr '1 .?
    I
    I
    lleads and youn sandals bc upon I~QTYRfeet. You
    I / t n 2 l:LT
    I{.I r>b2 : : ~fi will nbt beat yourselves nor will YOU
    and
    1,:; Tfi.fi.?
    and
    n1.e zr; .3n 'YOUwill have to rat away in YOUR
    3<;$2.jT0YOU will actually groan over one another.'
    5!4
    And EzekieI has become for YOU a portents
    ~ T s nP IP
    1.a :'a '3
    In
    accord with all that he has done, ow will do.
    F.zc .II
    .Jrlh
    I S When it comes,t YOU I ~ I also
    I have to know that
    13 1B
    uric 15 5 1 am the Lord Jehovah.' " ' "U
    25 "And as for you, 0 son of man, wiIl it not
    "Fithcsnt words." Litarnll~,"kmp silent," h1. b Or, "upper lip."
    "X[rn," Alp a.r~d.aBim'; k c plurnt number o f iak. a"Sod'~" &

    $;F8

    :$I

    ,,:,

    "

    afiDeeb

    TgSyT.

    nepk'eesla; L X X , ppsy.c?~rri';Vg, a'tai.ma.

    * Or, "Upper lip."

    I
    be in the day of my taking away from them
    their fortress,v the beautiful object of their vPs488:33
    24:16
    exuItation, t h e thing desirable to their eyesz
    *PS
    122:1
    and the Ionging of their soul,"' their sons and
    their daughter^,^ that 26 in that day there will ug,"P.;g
    came to you the escaped one for making the
    ears hear?* " In that day your mouth will be
    ;
    opened to the escaped oneP and you will speak' og;e5;f;gl
    and be mute no longer;e and you will certainIy
    become to them a portent," and they will have ;~%IZ
    L, 1:zo
    xEze 12.3
    to know that I am Jehovah."#
    *Eze 6:13
    And the word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: "Son of man, set
    your face toward the sons of Am'mon and
    prophesy against them." And you must say 1 ; ~ ~
    concerning the sons of Am'mon, 'Hear the word
    $P
    of the Lord Jehovah. This is what the Lord
    Jehovah has said: "For the reason that youb

    95

    25

    have said Aha! against my sanctuaryjo because


    it has been profaned, and against the soil of
    Israel, because it has been laid desolate, and
    against the house of Judah, because they have
    gone into exile," a therefore here I am giving
    YOU b t o the OrientaIsc as something to possess,'
    and they will set up their walled camps in youb
    and will certainIy put in youb their tabeimacles.
    They themselves will eat your fruitage and they
    themselves wilI drink your milkha "nd
    I will
    make Rab%al~ta pasture ground of camels and
    the sons of Amrmon a resting place of a flock;u
    and you people will have to know that I am

    Jehovah." ' "V


    a''So~&"

    IT, fieph'esh; L X X ,

    0Da11:31

    ng;;;;

    y,"rT;?J

    "?$If-?i2"

    g$\2y2

    vEJa;k
    I F 3720
    2~:6

    psy.ch8';

    Vg, at*ti.ma8.

    b''Y011.~ In

    the feminine gender, singular number, to refer to the country of


    h ' m o n . Literally, "sons o f [the] East," S1T.

    6 "For this is what the Lord Jehovah has


    said, 'For the reason that youa clapped the
    handsy and youa stamped with the feetz and
    ~J","~~.~
    La 2:15
    youa kept rejoicing with all scorn on your part
    W a 3:19
    Zeg z,15 in [your] soulb against the soiI of Israel,"
    zEze 6 : l l
    *I.;*4:4
    therefore here I am; I have stretched out my
    P r 2417
    Eze 3k15 hand against youu and I will give you as some2'g8thing to plunder to the nations; and I will cut
    E':;Z ~ IPgi4z you off from the peoples and destroy you from
    LJer 4 9 2 t h e lands." I shall annihilate4 you, and you will
    b 1 : 1 4 have to know that I am Jehovah.'
    CPs 16:20
    5 ~ $ , ; 8 "This is what the Lord Jehovah has said,
    +XU24 17 'For the reason that Morab+ and SdiF have
    Ps 836
    Isa 15 1 said: "Look! The house of Judah is like all the
    Isa 25:lO
    J,, zj:n other nations,"'" ' therefore here I am opening
    (I.glpil the slope of Mo'ab at the cities,# at his cities to
    his frontier, the decoration of [the] Iand,
    "ggP,
    mDeu 11.6
    m.32 Beth-jeshti.rnoth,kBa'al-me'~n,~
    even to Kir.iPS IoE;:~?
    a.tha'im,r
    to
    the
    Orientals,@s
    alongside
    the sons
    kJos 13:20
    IIXU 3 2 : ~of Am'mon,t and I will make it something to
    r.Jos 1 3 3 8
    Jer 4 E . U possess, in order that it may not be remem~ E z %5:4
    e
    bered,U [that is,] the sons of Am'mon, among
    83:7
    the
    nations, l1
    And in Mo'ab I shall execute acts
    Ezc 2M.2
    of
    judgment;v
    and they will have to know that
    P;!,fi7
    Jcr U : Z ~ I
    Jehovah.'P
    Jcr 2521
    Jcr 48.1
    a2 "This is what the Lord Jehovah has said,
    yFde G,13
    'Far t h e reason that E'dom has acted in faking
    vengeance upon the house of Judah and they
    kept doing wrong extensively and avenged
    themselves on them,z Is therefore this is what
    z$:hig;+7
    u4:22
    t h e Lord Jehovah has said: "I will aIso stretch
    Am 1 :11
    Ob 10
    out my hand against Erdom' and cut off from
    *11Ial 1:4
    L J e r 7:m it mand and domestic anirnaljD
    and I will make

    vr;

    g;:;;

    rffl$c&8

    ;
    :
    ; ;p
    ,,, 2 6 : ~ s

    EZEKIEL 25:6-13

    The pronoun is in the masculine gmder, singulas numker, t o re-

    fer to Am'mon. b 'rSoul." M, wepkresk; ZXX, psy.cSd< = EL?terally,


    lCsonaof [the] East,'? M. d "Nan.'* M, rs.damt.

    EZEKIEL 25 :14-26

    6:

    96

    it a devastated place from Te'maqA even to AJer 49:7


    a23
    De'danmoBy the sword they will fall. l4
    'And I OJer
    Jcr 49:s
    will bring my vengeance on E'donr by the hand
    e n:29
    of my people Israe1;'-and they must do in E'dom GIsa
    11:14
    lsa
    63:1
    according t o my anger and according to m y
    rage;
    and
    they
    will
    have
    t
    o
    know
    what
    my
    - .
    vengeance* is,'' is the utterance of the ~ o r r dzg;;;g

    Jehovah." '
    PS 5 8 ~ 0
    Na x:2
    15 "This is what the Lard Jehovah has said, 2;;"g:m
    'For the reason that the Phi.Iis%ineshave acted
    with vengeance" and they kept avenging them- "y,"e"3"::4"9
    selves with a vengeance with scorn in [the]
    sou1,a in order to cause ruin,*rvith an indefinite- ygh9z;Ia
    ly lasting enmity,k therefore this is what the
    Lard Jehovah has said: 'Were I am stretching 1iiF;i;
    ;g2;2:4"
    out my hand against the Phi.lis'tinesnand 1 will nzsp
    cut off the Cher'e.thitesl' and destroy t h e rest r;z;;6j:i
    of the s e a c o a ~ t .'?And
    ~
    I will execute in them sJsr47:4
    great acts of vengeance, with raging reproofs;t tEze 5:15
    and they will have to know that 3 am Jehovah
    1uPs9:I6
    when I bring my vengeance on them." "'u
    &e 6:7
    And i t came about in the eleventh year,
    on the first [day J of the month, that the
    word of Jehovah occurred t o me, saying: "Son
    of man, for the reason that TyreV has said vJos
    against Jerusalem,y 'Aha! She has been brokenIz zE2&g3
    the doorsb of the peoples!* The trend will cer- * L a m
    tainly be to me. I shall be filled-she has been
    de~astated,'~therefore this is what the Lord * B e 19:7
    Jehovah has said, 'Eere I am against youjo 0 4Jer50:31
    Tyre, and I will bring up against you many nations,' just as the sea brings up its r ~ a v e s ;. ~; l ~ ~ ~ & ~ s
    And they will certainly bring the walls of Tyre ' p;lt::2

    26

    LXX, psy.oh2; Tg, a'ai.*us ("mind").


    "Doom," or, "Ieavs of a door," M. "Trade~wornan,'~
    T,
    "Sou1.f' M, aeph'esh;

    xF;T:;

    *zec 9'3

    24:7

    t o ruin" and tear down her towers: and I will


    scrape her dust away from her and make her a
    shining, bare surface of a crag." A drying yard

    for dragnetsr is what she will become in the


    of the sea.'"
    " ' "For I myself have spoken," is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah, '"nd she must become an object of plunder for the natiomt
    t% El,
    And her dependent townsaU that are in the
    uJer
    Eze 493
    16~46
    field-by the sword they will be killed, and
    vPs 8 3 s peopleb will have t o know that I am Jehovah." ' V
    Isa 37:20
    EZBm5
    7 "FOPthis is what the Lord Jehovah has
    said, 'Here I am bringing against Tyre Neb.uchad.reztzar the king of Babyrono from the
    ~ J e =:9
    r
    north," a king of kings," with horses* and war
    Jcr 2532
    Eze ??:I$ chariotso and cavalrymenhand a c~ngregation,~
    zEzr r 12
    wen a multitudinous people. Yourd dependent
    2
    $a:;
    towns8 in the field he will kill even with the
    *J,
    6:aS
    sword, and he must make against youd a siege
    n$$:$3
    wall+and throw up against you a siege ramp&
    .12;e3;i:24
    +Jer 5 2 4
    and raise up against you a large shield, and
    S2Sa 20:16
    the strike of his attack enginex he will make
    ~ ere 6:6
    J
    32%
    r
    Eze 2122 against your walls, and your towers he will pull
    *ZClz 26:15
    down, with his sword. Owing to the heaving
    #Jc* 47:s mass of his horses their dust will cover you.*
    Owing to the sound af cavalryman and wheel
    and war chariot your walls will rock,'= when he
    1$?
    ;28
    comes in through your gates, as in the cases of
    nJos k20 entering into a city opened by breaches." " With
    the hoofs of his horses he will trampIe down all
    'ISa
    5er 5:28
    5l:w your streetsSrYour people he wiII kill even with
    Hab 1:8 the sword, and to- the earth your own pillars of
    4Rlo

    2 ~ 3 3 .midst

    a "Dependent toma." Litorally, "danghters," M. b Literally, "they,"


    but; in the masculine gender, M. * L'Babylon," L X X V g ; 'Ba'bd,"
    MRyT. d The pronoun ig in the feminine gender, singular number,
    to refer t o T p .

    EZEKIEL 26 :12--18

    98

    99

    strength will go down.aS lP And they wiU certain- "ISa26:5


    ly spoil your resourcest and plunder your sales j M t 6:1g
    goods,u and tear down your wails, and your desirable houses they will pull d0wn.v And your visa 32.12
    stonesy and your svoodwork" and your dust they z+rz4l1
    will place in the very midst of the water.'
    *der 7:34
    13 " 'And I will cause the turmoil of your sing-. iI','i%:
    4:23
    ing to cease,' and the very sound of your
    you'Q1sa24:B
    will be heard no m0re.O l u n d I will make
    a shining, bare surface of a crag'? A drying yard 4EZe 2"4
    0EZe2"5
    for dragnets is what you wiII become."ever
    will you be rebuilt,' for I myself, Jehovah, have -gd;3,I',F
    spoken,' is the utterance of the Lord J e h ~ v a h . ~ - e ~14:27
    sll
    15 "This is what the Lord Jehovahb has said
    t o Tyre, 'At the sound of your downfall, when
    t h e fatally wounded one groans, when there is a
    killing with slaughter in the midst of you, will
    not the idandsc rock?vG And down from their "'j',"rTi$l
    Ulronesm all the chieftains of the sea will cer- gg,\$;ti
    tainly conie" and remove their sleeveless coats," $:n12;
    and they will strip off their own embroidered 21;;i:aog
    garments. They will put on trembling spells.n Ire5 2 "
    Upon the earth they will sit down,s and they ""'
    rIsa 3.26
    '"I5
    will certainly tremble every momentg and stare
    %Ao
    in amazement at yout l7 And they must raise:tEZea7:35
    u Jcr 7.29
    up aver you a dirge" and say to you:
    Eze 27:2
    l' ' "How you have perished, that used to be
    inhabited from the seas,Bv O praised city, who i
    became a strong one in the sea? she and those!~:,",";?~W

    vep
    2:;

    inhabiting ha, those who gave their terror t o ,


    all those inhabiting [the earthl!e= ls Now the zEze27:3
    al'Will go down,'' JITg; "he will biing d o ~ m , "LXXByT. S e p
    Ezekiel 20: 30, footnote a. Or, "coastlmds." d "That lwed to be
    inhabited from the seas," M. "Tou aha (In-ell in the sen,'' Vg;
    "you who hnppenerl to he strong in the sea,"' By. "The earth."
    liter all^, "her,'! or, "it," in the feminine gender.

    *Isa 23:s

    OTsa 8:s
    R c J7:15
    '4% 8:5

    r!:28.1.

    I.:C

    Tckl

    9:s

    %:I8

    I>c 3222

    rs 88:6

    me Z:18

    '7's ZS:1
    1's 7*13:7

    tu 10:15

    '7 Ps

    27:13

    1's 5 2 5

    Isa 3.11
    Isn 53:s
    Eze 32:23
    ELF3232

    .l:~e2 7 : X
    ICae =:I9

    IITas

    .?i.?R

    EZEKIEL 26 : 19-27 :5

    islands&will tremble in the day of your downfall. And the islands that are in the sea must be
    diswrbed owing to your going out." '*
    19 "For this is what the Lord Jehavahb has
    said, 'When I make you a devastated city, like
    the cities that are actually not inhabited, when
    [I] bring up over you t h e surging waters,c and
    the vast waters will have covered you," 80 I wiU
    also bring you down with those going down into
    t h e pit t o the people of 'long ago,,' and I will
    cause you to dwell in the lowest land,Vike
    places devastated for a long time, with those
    going down into the pit,' in order that you may
    not be inhabited, and I will put decoration in
    the land of those alive.'
    21 " 'Sudden terrors are what I shall make
    you," and you will not be; and you will be sought
    for,' but you will no more be found to time indefd
    inite,'lc is the utterance of t h e Lord Jehovah."b
    And the word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: "And as for you,
    0 son of man, raise up concerning Tyre a dhge,"
    a and you must say to Tyre,
    " '0 you who are dwelling at the entrances o f
    [the] sea,' the tradeswoman of the peoples for
    many islands,afl this is what the Lord Jehovah
    has said: "0 Tyre, you yourself have said, 'I
    am perfect in beauty.'d" In the heart of [the]
    seas are your territories." Your own builders
    have perfected your beauty.v Out of juniper
    timbers from Se'niey they built for you all the
    planks. A cedar fram Leb'a.nonz they took to

    27

    Or, hicomtlands?rb See Ezekiel 20 : 39, footnote a. a "The surging


    rratel-s.'>X, tChdm; <'the abyss," L X X T g . Cornpaye Genesis 1:2,
    footnote c. d OF, "fairness." Identified as Mount Her'mon in Deuteronomy 3 : 8, 9.

    !
    '~

    themselves were your traders. For the soulsa of


    trees m m =:=
    make a mast upon you.m Out of aflgo~o~s
    mankindwand artides of copper your artides of
    Pram Ba'shan' they made your oars. Your prown '$gv$
    w e 1 8 : ~exchange were givenmcln
    l4 From the house of
    they made with ivory in cypress woodlb from
    To.gar'mah"
    there
    were
    horses
    and steeds and
    Linen
    in
    various
    colors
    the islands of Kit'tim."'
    ;
    yu
    i$$J
    Z:IO
    38:"ulesl
    [for
    which]
    your
    stores
    were given.d
    from EgyptAyour cloth expanse happened t o AJl e~
    K l 1n:a
    The sons d De'dane'were your traders: many
    be, in order for [it] to become your sail. Coccus
    : ; ;~:F
    islandsfwere merchants In your employ;g horns
    scarlet materidP and woo1 dyed reddish purple' O E L2 2 4
    of
    Fimornthe Islands of E.li'shah4' are what your $:?:i:
    7 ~ ' , ~ivorym
    ; ~ and ebony they have paid back as gifth
    ICh i:7
    to you. E'dornb ivas your merchant b1~au.wof
    deck covering proved to be.
    abundance of y e w works, For turquoise>
    8 '" ' m e inhabitants of Sl'don" and of Ar'11k. : ~:'i:19 the
    wool
    dyed reddish purple and materfal of varivadY themselves became rolr7cssfor you. Your *Ge10:1S
    ous
    colors
    and fine fabrb and corals and rubies,
    rrltllledn ones,'( 0 Tyre, happ~nedto be in you:
    7
    ,
    :
    ;
    :
    your
    stores
    were given In exchnngc.J
    they were your sai1ors.n Even 01d men of Ge'- TJ,, 13:5
    5:18
    f"Judah
    and the land of Israel them17
    ball+and her slriledc ones happened t o be in you slK1
    . me 2 7 3
    I
    "h8:s
    11.40
    selves
    were
    your
    traders. For the lvheatu of
    ns calkers for your seams."^ All the ships' of the
    I
    v J ~ l i : * Min'nlthvand special f&stuffkand honeyy and
    sea and their mariners themsclvm proved to be
    r LIP 1311
    j.Jcr 8::~ oil and balsam,z your articles sf exchange were
    in you, In order to exchange articles of rncrchan'3:h 2:10 givenace
    clise. Iu Persianst and Lu'diml and men of PutV- 'zsY2
    I :~.r3:7
    A'' 12'20
    they happened to be in your milftnry force,p ~g;$!;:;
    18 '' "DarnascuSCl was your merchant in the
    '4
    152
    your meneof war. Shield and helmet they 11~1ngvj;k;
    abundance of your worlcs, because of the abunjki$:1,:a4
    up in you.&They were the ones that caused your yNl Rs 3.9
    dance of all your valuable things, with the wine
    ~43:17
    splendor. l1 The sons of Ar'vad,' even your mili- x2Ch 9 : s
    of Hel'bon and the wool of reddish gray. And
    lary force, were upon your walls a13 around, and *Ge ":*
    .:JE m m D~rtn"and Ja'van from U'm1-for
    your stores
    valorous menf were the ones that happened to ;$%
    :
    tlicy
    gave.
    Iron
    in
    wrought
    ~vorks,
    cassiaS and
    ,gFl cme*-for your articles of exchange
    be In your own towers. Their circular shields :gi
    +(:u .i1.1
    they
    they hung up on your walls all nround.n' They I,:, 2 : i i
    1;3
    stCo 253
    proved
    t
    o
    be.
    'O De'danmwas your trader i
    n
    gartllernselves perfected your beauty.
    AZCh 20:Bti
    PR7 2 3 0
    mentn
    of
    woven
    material
    far
    rldlng,
    The
    I
    12 " ' "Tar'shishnwas your rncrlchant because O,;I~P I Q : ~
    of the abundance of all sorts of valuable things." '?,"916"t219
    "Souls?' M, nepk '@ah; LXXJ pau.cAai', b TI, a.&me. 0 Literally,
    For [its] silver, iron, tin and lead, your stores ,y;Tj%
    b + ~ h ~pmplc
    y
    gave your afitles of esohnng~," 3f- dLiteraU~,
    "ihrp
    [peoltle]
    g n n your stom," M. *"DeJLn:' 3TVaT; "the
    were given.@ la Ja'van,' Tu'bal* and Me'shech" "F
    "J$i6
    e
    ""0

    J"*

    :z

    :;ie

    Jim

    "the dnurhler of t { E I\d~'nr.it~~,))


    I. Litemllp,
    M, Or, "lenks." en." Bf[, ~1~1~ii~,*ldf?~1'.
    "V~~OSOIIS
    men."
    Litcrn1ly, "gnm8rna.dim','? RT ; "Pigmnei (pygmies)," Tg. LikraU;p,
    "tT~eg [people] gare your stores," 31.

    Rhorlinr~a," T,.LK. f Or, b'cortstlantls!~ LitwaTly, "hnnrl,'" 32. h Or,


    r"F:'dom,J' Sy and about 25 J I ~ l m w mnnnacripts;
    ''A'Y~II~,'"! ; h'Tl~eSyrian," lTg. Litern llp, "they [people] gave
    with your storea," M, k "Special foodstuff. LitcrnlIy, "pnn.nng',"'
    If; tho rnenniug of which i~ not wdcrstood, but which is thought to
    be n kind of food,
    "ttihutc.'?

    Or '')~oi~rda,''colledix-eIy. b ''hc prim rmorl,l' in agreement with

    T. titsrnllT,

    '

    ''W~AC,"'

    EZEKIEL 27:30-28 :2

    103
    10:15
    AraW and all the chieftains of Ke'daP them- xlKi
    Jer 25:T-1
    *Ge
    25:13
    selves were merchants in your
    In male 1Ch 1:29
    Ca 1:5
    l m b s and rams and he-goatsk-in them they Isa
    21 :I6
    I%a60:7
    were your merchants. "The traders of She'ban k2Ch
    17:11
    and Rafa.mahr themselves were ymr traders; n I R [ 30:1
    2Ch 9.1
    for the finest of all sorts of perfumes and for Fs 72:30
    Isrr 6 0 3
    all sorb of precious stones and gold, your stores rGo
    lO:7
    1Ch 1:9
    were given."""a'rana
    and Can'neh and E'denlu sGe
    11:31
    2K1 19:12
    the traders of SSherba,vAs'shurm [and] Chil'mad u12m
    1:s
    25:s
    were your traders. " They were your traders in vGe
    Job 6:19
    gorgeous garments, in wraps of coccus scarlet mGe 10.Z?

    material and material of various colors and in


    carpets of two-colored stuff, in ropes twined and
    solidly made, in your trading center.
    I K ~m a
    25 '' ' "The ships of Tar'shishy were your YTsa
    2:1e
    2334
    caravans for your articles of exchange, so that Is&
    Lw. 60:9
    you get fiIled and bgcome very glorious in the
    sEze 27:4
    heart of the open sea."
    Jon 2 3
    26 '' "'Into vast waters those rowing you
    *Eze
    27:8
    have brought you,' The east wind itself has
    U P S M:?
    broken you in the heart of the open sea.' 2 7 Your Ac 2214
    Ac 27:U
    valuable things and your stores: your articles AEre
    27:14
    Orre 27:13
    of exchange,! your mariners' and your sailors,@*Eye
    27:8
    E z e 27:8
    the calkers of your seamsc"and those exchang- GXEze
    273
    ing your articIes of merchandise and all your
    #Eze
    27:11
    mend of war," who are in you and in all your Re 18:ll.
    congregation, who are in the midst of you,they will fall in the heart of the open sea in
    mPr 11:d
    t h e day of your d ~ w n f a I l . ~ n
    Eae X:14
    28 " ' "At the sound of the outcry of your
    sailors the open country will rock." ZBAndall nEze 3315
    those handling m oar will certainly go down
    from their ships,' mariners, all the sailors of the rRe 1817
    Literally, '(hand," J1. b Litertllly, ' c t h e ~ Epeoplplrs] gme yow
    stares," M. s Or, ~'laaks." d "Men" 3% a.nii.dimr; the plural numher of Oh.

    '

    sEze %:I6
    LIsa 23:l
    b e 26:17
    R e 18:9
    1i1Sa 4:12
    9Sa 1:2

    Ne 9:l

    ,
    I

    J o b 2:12
    La 210
    R e 1819

    vFs4:1
    Jnh 2:R
    .Tpr 6 : 26
    .ler 25:34
    J Isn I2:a
    ?lS>t

    2212

    Isn 22:4

    Eze 26!17
    :,La213
    Re 18:18
    c Ihe ?G:5
    I

    +I?ze 2?14
    Ikze Lri:16
    '+Fze2?:26
    , isa 233

    !#Re18:3
    %PC 9:3
    I; Eze 26:lf
    11

    sea; upon the land they will stand.a ao And over

    you they will. certainly cause themselves to be


    heard with their voice and will cry out bitterlymt
    And they will bring up dust upon their heads-u
    In the ashes they will
    " And they will
    certainly make [themselves] bald with a baldness for you,Y and gird on sackclothx and weep
    over you in bitterness of suul,' with bitter wailing.
    for you in their lamentation they
    willcertainly lift up a dirge and chant over you,O
    I d I I ( Who is like Tyre," like her that has been
    brought t o silence in the midst of the sea?O
    I

    " When your stores* went forth from the open


    sea,3 you satisfied many peoples.%With the
    abundance of your vaIuable things and your
    articles of exchange you made earth's kings
    rich." "Kow you have been brokena because

    of the open sea, in the depths of the waters.'<


    As for your articles of exchange and all your
    W e n:27 congregation," in the midst of you they have

    fallen. as "All the inhabitants of the islandsbrin amazement they will certainly stare at you,
    and their kings themselves wiU have to shudder
    nEz@.m17 in horror.YFaces must: become perturbed.' aG As
    FtP .12:1U
    iit- 1H:9
    for merchants among the peoples, they will cerLRr! 18:10
    ijlKl 9%
    tainly whistle over youbUSudden terrors are
    Jrr 1816
    Jer 19;8 what you must become, and you will be no more
    Zen2:15
    2115 to time indefinite.' " ' "v
    VI)S 3i:lO
    Eze 26:14
    And the word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: * "San of man, say
    r J e r 2 w to the leader of Tyre,Y 'This is what the Lord
    Jehovah has said:
    vTsn 2 2 6

    Wze 26:15

    28

    " ' "For the reason that your heart has be-

    '"You

    have been broken," three Hebrew rarsione and LXXVgBy,


    the rerb having the feminine gender terminntion. 4 Or, coastl land^^^

    EZEKIEL 28 :3-41

    EZEKIEL 28:l2-16

    104

    come haughty,%and you keep saying, 'I am a


    god,a* In the seat of godb I have seated myself,"
    in the heart of the open sea,'" whereas an earthling mano is what you are,0and not a god,a+and

    ,I
    ~~a~~~~

    heart like the heart of god,bu' therefore here I sa 23:8


    am bringing upon you strangers,v the tyrants of U,E,t:l,T

    me n:a

    zz;G

    Jehovah."
    11 And the word of Jehovah continued to

    Or, "a divine one," M, el; L X X , the.osr; Vg, ds'us. b "God!' R1,
    el,o.kim'; L X X , th8.o~'; T,g, ds'w , 6 "Earthling man:' 11, ca.damt;
    LXX, a?&'bhro~pos;Vg, ko wo,
    a

    " ' "You are sealing up a pattern," fu1I of wisand perfect in beauty." " In Eden: the
    OJoe
    gardenbo
    of God,c you proved to be.' Every prer18a B I : ~
    REZQ n : l 6 cious stone was your covering,a ruby, topaz and
    tC.2:"
    jasper; c h r y ~ o l i t e ,onyxt
    ~
    and jade; sapphire,
    lm027:16 turquoise1 and emera1d;w and of gold was the
    1%Re 4:3
    workmanship of your settings and your sockets
    in you. In the day of your being created they
    were made ready. 14You are thee anointed
    uAm 1:9
    cherubf that is covering,u and I have setg younhv
    VEX9:15
    m a m u On the holy mountain of Godl you proved to be?
    In the midst of Aery stonesj you walked about.
    l5 You were faultless in your ways from the day
    "fK.'5:1
    of your being createdz until unrighteousness
    *Joe 8:4
    was found in you.'
    16 " "'Because of the abundance of your
    "&@=:I2
    sales goodsQthey filIed the midst of you'( with
    iiEze E':3
    3 ~ 9domm

    '

    [the] nations,y and they will certainly draw &v$:22


    their swords against the beauty of your wisdom
    zec
    and profane your beaming splendor.= Down to yDe
    2850
    the pit they will bring you,' and you must die ,IS, s s : ~
    the death of someone slain in the heart of the 'ggz16
    open seamd Will you without fail say, 7 am ga1$fL7
    god,'bA before the one killing you,' whereas you ;gE
    are a mere earthling man,c and not a god,a+ in :IP;'Bz4
    the hand of those profaning you?" '
    (
    10 " 'The deaths of uncircumcised ones you
    wiIl die by the hand of strangers,' for I myselfs,:&,; &;
    have spoken,' is the utterance of the Lord :;$

    z.!;;

    14:4

    Eze 2&17

    *i;;;::g
    =
    g0p;;23
    ~ i l z:6

    21:4
    you keep making your heart like the heart of *me
    OPS 1443
    look! you are wiser than Daniel.%ere ipg$i
    are no secrets that have proved a match for,' "Da =I4*
    you.* +By your wisdom and by your discern- "Zee 9 9
    ment you have made weaIth for your own self,
    and you keep getting gold and silver in your
    storehouses." Ey the abundance of your wiis- k,D,e&
    dam," by your sales goods,'' you have made your g Ej;
    wealth abound,n and your heart began t o be ",P"&
    ;~
    haughty because of your wealth." 'c
    Zec 9 5
    r'E7e 26~12
    6 " 'Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah SIR; 23:3
    Eze 27'12
    has said: "For the reason that you make your tne s : ~ l
    Pr 11:B

    occw to me, saying: l a "Son of man, lift up a


    dirge concerning the king of Tyre,' and you
    :;p,'"$&,
    must say to him, 'This is what the Lord Jeho$%
    i
    0
    5
    vah%
    i3 has said :
    Zec 9:2
    klsa

    See Ezekiel 20 :39, footnote a. "The garden?' hf, gwa; L X X , k b


    pn.rrrPdri.sos; T'g, paoria.~7ifmr~;
    SF,p(1r.dibr. "God." M, EE.o.hn'n~';
    L X X , Ro 2'ha.orr'; Irg, De'tre; T, l'Jeho~ah.?' "Chq+~olile,'~
    Vg ;
    $nrr~Lishf,
    M. e"You are the," $IT7gT, or, possibly, by other von-c1
    pointing, "With the," in agreement with LXXSgrArabic, f Literally,
    "tho cbcrnh of an anointing [or, expansion]," Ai; "the mointed
    cherub,'' By; "a che~nbstretched out [innings]:' Tg; "an anointed
    king;') T. Literally, "given," M. h Thir verse (14a) reads, in L X S :
    "with the ehemb I set pou"; Sy, "You happened t o be vith the
    nnointed chwub that; i s cevelning,and I set yod'; Pg, 'Ton onre the
    cherub stretched out and protecting, and 1 set you"; T, "You are
    the anointed kifig in the kingdom, and 1 have given you grentne~q."
    I "God." M, EEl.o.him'; L X X , h o Ths.08'; Tg, Dekus. 1 "Fiery stoneg?'
    Literally, "stones of fire," 31, k "They filled the midst of you." 11;
    "your hner parts mere filled," Tg;
    filled your sto&ho;ses,"
    L E T ; "yon filled your own midst," Sy; "your storehouses wera

    fflled,"

    T.

    EZEKIEL 28: 17-23

    vlolence,A and you began to sin.4And I shall put tiz$:


    you as profane out of the mom tain of God,&and .rlho 3:E
    I shall destroy you; 0 cherub t h a t is coverlng,ll ':;;@?j!?

    I
    J * II,::!~
    ~
    from the midst of the Aery stones.c
    17 " ' ""Yourheart became haughty beca~rse
    of yaur beauty.* You brought your wisclorn t o m,Ppr ;j?R
    ruin on account of your beaming splendor.' Onto ;;;
    111:111
    t h e earth I will throw you." Before kings 1 will *lqtl
    Jer 8:9
    set you, [for them] to look upon youVk
    i('n ? 9
    *Itrh ~1ll:lf
    *l:4:i~
    18 " "'Owing t o the abundance of yaur
    because of the injustice of your snlcs .Im.lLY1K1: .f 1j 5
    gmds,Ia you have profanedd your sanctuarlcs," '{,!ZY;;!;'~
    And 1 shall bring forth a fire from the midst of ,;~.!;~,~:,,
    you.' It is what will certainly devour y0u.l And rl:,? 2.2 ; ~ ~
    I shall make you ashes upon the earth before
    the eyes of a11 those swing
    'lrAs for all 1 1 \En I lo
    "."
    those knowing you among the peoples, thcy wII!
    certainly stare in amazement at gr0u.Y Suddcn srmr4:m
    I . : 2i:m
    ~ ~
    terliors are what you must become, and you will
    rTnn 14:20
    be no more to time indefinite.'"
    20 And the word of Jehovah continued to
    occur l a me, saying: ?' "Son of man, act YOLFIlace toward Si'don,' and prophesy against her.
    "And you must say, 'This is what the Lord
    Jehoverh has said: "Here I am against younn0 n b a : j
    92
    Si'don," and I shall certainly he glorBifiedin the '-*
    midst of
    and people wPII have to know thnt
    I nm Jehovah when I execute in hrr acts of *,!F0?113
    judgment' and I am actually sanctified In heram
    e~,~;~~;!:~l
    -'And I will send pestilence into her and blood I:!;: ;:<!:;;

    a;;

    i.5

    T'b

    ~ l ! l

    '""'

    'Ix

    'ZT*?!

    ll
    "Uoil," M, It;lnodina'; L X X , ho Tiie.o~';Vg, nr'lrs. h141~ l ~ n (loutroy you, O chornh that is covering," If; T' Ihnrr d ~ ~ i r n yyrllt,
    rd 0
    l)iaolcctingcbcrub," Trg: "I shall dmtroy you, O rnvminfi. uhr!r~rh,"
    Sg; "the c h ~ m bwill lead Fnu nn-ny," lrS.Y, * "Pirry R L ~ ~ I F R , "
    Literally, '4~toncs
    of fire," M. d "You bnvs profnaed,"' hlVgSy ; "I
    Irarc prnfnncd," L-XIB.

    EZEKIEL 28: 24-29: 3

    107

    106

    into her streets." And the slain one must fall


    in the midst of her by the sword against her on
    *Jff25:33 every side;' and people will have to know that
    mze26:6 I m Jehovah.lc a And no more will there prove
    '$2g !to be t o the house of Israel a malignant pricklen
    [ora painful thorn out of all thosc? round about

    ,,,,:,

    r ~ t c7:4

    them,r those who we treating them with scorn;


    nnd people will have t o know that I am the Lord

    ."

    Jehovah "
    25 'This is what the Lord Jehovah" has
    said: "When I collect together the house of
    ,
    'rsa
    b e 5:lE
    ma3 Israel out from the peoples among whom they
    ll.Trr23:fi
    have been .wattered,m I mill also be sanrtified
    1 . k 3G.m
    ~
    TC;~,v 13
    m o n R them in the eyps of the nati0ns.r And
    s L 2
    ~: 19
    ue li.16 they ~ v i l lcertainly dwclt upon their soiIu that I
    jro 2 2
    Jer
    13
    5
    gave to my servant, t o Jac0b.v :%d they 11~ilF
    ~ I s a65.21 actuaLly dtveII upon it in security and buiId
    ,
    ,
    :
    ,
    housesz and plant vineyards,=' nnd they must
    S;:f
    Am
    C l [Ci 4:25 dwell in securityu when 1 execute acts of judgR$f:?347

    I'

    ,,,

    i;;:

    rnent upon all those treating them wit11 scorn


    all round about them;" ~ n thcy
    d
    wlll have to
    know that I am Jehovah their God," ' "h
    In the tenth yew, In the tenth rmonth],
    an the zlvclfth rdnyl of the month, the
    word of Jehovah occurrecl to me,saying: = "Son
    of man, set your face against PharJaoh the king
    uer44330 of Egypt0and prophesy a ~ a i n s him
    t
    and against
    Egypt in its entirety.' Speak, and you must
    ':yrgi,
    hr43:g
    Eze 31:2 say, 'This is what the Lax1 Jehovah has said:
    "Here I am agajnst you, 0 Phar'eroh, king of
    Egypt,@the great, sea rnonsterVying stretched
    P~e~"l::"l~
    out in the midst of his Nile c~nals,~ll
    that I ~ a s
    'F,S,~&?~
    Isa 513
    said,
    m
    y
    Nile
    River
    helongs
    to
    me,
    and
    1-1
    mEae 32:2
    Eze =:11

    29

    a "The Lord Johornh," gee E ~ k i ~12:


    1 10, fnvtnots a; 20:39,
    footnote a. "Or, "I, Jellnrnl~,nub Ilieir Got1 [J*;l.a.ii>n'j."

    EZEKIEL 29: A 1 0

    I' 1 1

    108

    I I

    109

    EZEKIEL 29 :11-18

    desolated waste,' from Mig'dole to


    Sy.erne**
    and
    t o the boundary of E.thi.~'pi.a.~
    Jer 46:14
    rE3ze30:6 llThere wiI1 not pass through it the foot of
    bring you up out of' the midst of your Nihe
    earthling man,' nor will the foot of domestic
    k E z e ~ ~ : 1animal
    3
    canals and all the fish of your Nile canals that
    pass through it," and for forty years it
    I
    n2Ch36:Z1 will not be inhabited."
    cling t o your very scales. And I will abandon
    And I will make the
    Y(
    you to the wilderness, you and all the fish of
    )land
    of
    Egypt
    a
    desolate
    waste
    in the midst of
    ,i
    desolated lands:r and its own cities will become
    your Nile canals.'" Upon the surface of the field "Ex 8:5
    rgBg:g
    you wiIl fall.' You will not be gathered up nor r$~;i$&
    a desolate waste in the very midst of devastated
    "Jer4"19 cities for forty years;" and I wilI scatter the
    be collected together. To the wild beasts of the ' Eze 39:s
    earth and to the flying creatures of the heavens
    Egyptians among the nations and disperse them
    *23
    I will give you for food.3 And all the inhabit- s $ F 7 i 3
    among the lands." 't
    ants of Egypt will have t o know that I am JJ eerr 743
    13 " 'For this is what the Lord Jehovah has
    34:20
    llEzemll said: "At the end of forty yearsu I shall collect
    Jehovah,t by reason of theirb proving to be, as E;;;;j
    Re 19.18
    a support, a reed to the house of 1srael.u When tEx
    the Egyptians together out of the peoples among
    9:14
    they took hold of you by the hand,c you g o t t o EX 1c18
    g:ji whom they will have been scattered," laand I
    be
    and you caused a split in their enwill bring back the captive group of the Egyptire shoulder.". And when they supported them- $:; $;:
    tians and I will bring them back t o the Iand of
    selves upon you, you gat to be broken,y and you :;~pe~%;
    Path'xos,~to the land of their origin, and there
    rlG&l!;$i
    PS 146:3
    ll::1
    caused all their hips to
    they must become a lowly kingdom. Lower
    Jer 17.3
    3er 44.1
    30:14 than the [other] kingdoms it will become? and
    8 " 'Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah ~ ~ ~ ~ . j :%I<ze
    t z~e1734
    it will no more lift itself up over the [other]
    has said: "Here I am bringing upon you a
    'me 3 ~ nations,*
    3
    and I will make them so few as not to
    sword* and I will cut off f om you earthling , * E e $ t i 4
    D k c a : 2 have the [other] nations in subjection." '
    "nd
    man and domestic animal." And the land of Io?s$$?
    T)n 11:42 .
    Nn 3:9
    it will no mare prove t o be the house of Israel's
    Egypt must become a desolate waste and a Eze32:10
    LI~a20:5 confidence," bringing error t o remembrance by
    devastated place;&and they will have to know *gc%;2
    Isa 30:a
    Isa 31:l
    their turning after therna4And they will have to
    that I am Jehovah, for the reason t h a t he has
    Isa 36:4
    Jer 2 1s know t h a t I am the Lord Jehovah." ' "
    said, 'To me the Nile River beIongs,' and I myJer 3 7 5
    P r 16:B
    La 4:17
    17 NOW it came about in the twenty-seventh
    seIf have made [it].'o lo Therefore here I am P EV
    18:12
    Ho 721
    29:23
    @PS 79:s
    year,
    in the first [month], on the first [day]
    against you and against your Nile canals,w and Pr
    JZ
    + L C 2-1:;
    Isa 6.13
    Jer I~:IO of the month, that t h e word of Jehovah ocI will make t h e land of Egypt devastated places,
    curred to me, saying: lB "Son of man, Nebaa Or, (%horns? put th~oughthc aheek or nose of animdk in order
    chad.reztzar himself,' the king of Babylon,c

    have made [it] for myself.'" And I will put'#,%


    hooks&in your jaw@ and cause the fish of your kJA2 i:::?
    Nile canals to cling to your scales. And I will gfe3&2j

    dryness, a
    ;E,"g::p
    Jer 4 4 1

    "s;$i;;

    vz

    ,FKf&7,

    ':'"

    to lead them on a rope,


    "Their," BIT; "yoy," IjXXVgSy.
    ('The hsnd," > P a r g i n anti many Eebrem manusc~~ipts,
    Vg; "your
    hand," IT; "their hand," LXXEy.d "Shoulder," NTg; "mds," Sy.
    "Wobble," Sy ; "stand," U.
    0

    'vrEs
    QP, "Asran," ?if. XFti-e.nehP.bi%.ihi.n'pi.a,"

    1
    I

    Vg; "the E.tM.0'pi-sns," ZXX; " C I I S ~3fSyT.


    ~
    06'Babylon;' LBXTg; "Ba'bel,7'
    a

    I\

    .c.

    EZEKIEL 29: 1 U 0 :5

    If1

    If 0

    made his military force perform a great service0 OMt 5:fi


    against Tyre." Every head was one made bald, *Ze28:7
    26:16
    and every shoulder was one rubbed bare,*But as
    for wages,Vthere proved to be none for him OZecaXO
    and his milihiy force from Tyre for the service
    that he had performed against her.
    19 "Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovaha
    has said, 'Here I am giving to Neb.u.chad.rarzar
    the king of Babylonb the land of Egypt,#and he *$,"f jz;:?
    must carry off its wealth and make a big spoil Eze 30:10
    of it'' and do a great deal of plundering of it; kEze 32:12
    and it must became wages for his military force.'
    20 " 'As his compensation" for service that t;%f&$e
    he did against her I have given him the land of
    Egypt,r because they acted for me,' is the utter- rZKi
    an.= of the Lord Jehovah.&
    21 'Tnthat day I shall cause a horn t o sprout
    for the house of IsraeI,s and to you I shall give $;","Gi;
    occasion t o open the mouth in the midst of gz i$j;7
    PS 148:14
    them;t and they will have to know that I am Isa
    27:6
    Jehovah."
    Jer 23:s
    Lu 1:69
    And the word of Jehovah continued t o 'E:l,iZ
    occur to me, saying: 'Son of man,
    prophesy, and you must say, 'This is what the
    Lord Jehovah has said: "Howl, You people, . Vu;;;~;L
    GZP 7 : ~
    'Alas for the day!'u "for a day is near, yes, a Joe 2:l
    day belonging t o Jehovah is near.' A day of ,$:;:
    clouds,~an appointed time of nations it will y&wn.LC 19:l
    32:~
    prove to be." And a sword will certainly come
    into Egypt,* and severe pains must occur in I.vaw:al
    JOE3 : l Z
    E.thi.o'pi.acn when one falls slain in Egypt and zec
    14:s
    'Isa 19:Z
    they actually take its wealth and its foundations ZJer ~ G : Y
    are actualIy torn down.* E.thi.o'pi.ac and PutQ:$," izl"

    Ze&?6

    ''The Lord J e h ~ v a h ! See


    ~ Ezekiel 12 : 10, footnote a. b "Babylon,"
    LX,mTg; "Ba'bel," XF-gT. c "E.thi.o'pi.a," Vg ; "Cash," MSyT.

    +Jer

    and Lud and all Wle mixed companya4and Chub


    and the sons of the land of the covenant-with
    'Jer M27 them f hey will fall by the very sword." '"
    6 "This is what Jehovah has said, 'The supporters of Egypt must also fall," and the pride
    ",","&g
    1~"31:3 of its strength must come down,'
    *Ex"2
    "'From Mjg'dol* to Sy.e'nebkthey will fall
    Ser 44:.
    J ~ 4[i:l4
    T
    in
    it even by the sword,' is the utterance of the
    ItEre 21):10
    Lord Jehovah. 'They must also be made desolate in the midst of desolated lands, and its own
    cities will come t o be right in the midst of
    ' ~ ~ ; devastated
    , ~ ~ ~ cities." And they will: have to know
    that I am Jehovah when I set a fire in Egypt
    2;
    $
    ;
    :
    i
    I.[CII -1~:2ti and all its helpers are a c t ~ ~ y
    a lbroken.r
    l
    V n that
    1 4 11
    '

    30

    EZEKIEL, 30:6-12

    6% 2

    messengers will go forth from before mey


    in the ships," in order to drive self-confident

    2 : ~day

    AISII
    20:3

    E.thl.o'pi.ad into tremb1ing.t And severe pains


    must occur among them in the day of Egypt,"
    lTll 5:3
    l l t s n 1917 for, look ! it must corne.'V
    % I<ze 33:33
    10 "This is what the Lord Jehovahe has said,
    'I will also cause the crowd of Egypt t o cease by
    the hand of hTeb.u.chad.rez'zar the king of Bab~ n~. He
    ~~~ and his people with him, the tyrants
    y $ ~ y~l $
    , ,Z: ,~ R J 4I,:9 +,.,
    01 [ t h e ] n a t i o n s , " ~ bcing brought in to bring
    li.1":.7
    the land to nlin. And they must draw their
    .Isa 34:3 swords against Egypt and fill the Iand with the
    fer ~ 3 slain.*
    9
    l 2 And I will make the Nile canalso dry
    Eze 3x8
    r I ~ 19:s
    a
    groundA
    and will sen the land into the hand of
    Eze 3 : J
    bad rnen,O and I will cause the Iand and its hdInrqa 44:27
    W E 2:1
    ness to be desoIated by the hand of strangers.'
    'g,F:'L; I myself, Jehovah, have spoken.'
    t&F:$?l,
    "'P

    235

    "Mixed company," 11LXX; "Arabians," SF. b Or, "dswnn.'' 31,


    Hewe.~aak'. "Before me in the ships,') M, ("triremes") Yg; "hefore
    me, hastening," LXXSy. "E.thi.o'pi.a," 'I-g; "Gush," 1LIS;rT.
    "The Lord Jehorah." See Ezekiel 1 2 :10, footnote a. "Babylon,"
    I,XXT7g; "Bn'bel,?' 31.

    EZEKIEL 30:13-21

    113

    112

    13 "This is what the Lord Jehovah&has said,


    'I wiIl abo destroy the dungy idolse and cause Wg!:P:,%::2
    the worthless gods to cease out of N ~ p h , and
    ~ ' 'gnr;g;2
    thew will no more prove to be a chieftain out j;;:f;l;;;,
    7n:ls
    of the land of Egypt;" and I shall certainly put
    *r30:11
    fear in the land of Egypt.k " And I will bring , I \ [ & 1'1 In
    Path'ims" to desolation and set a fire in Zo'anr ,;!l,:';.
    and execute acts of judgment in hTaCB
    And I ;:,";,:\2,
    tVilI pour out my raget upon Sin,d the fortress $;
    of Egypt, and cut off t h e m w d of NowC
    ID
    A n d rNll ?r:c, I 2iz
    I tcill set a fim in E,gpt. Sin"i11
    without fail -n .;;I,IL
    I
    be in severe pains,L1and Noc itself will come ~ ~ t . r1."15
    iti
    to be for capture by breaches, and as regal& :$;:$:4
    Nophb-there
    will be adversaries during the
    daytime! fl As for t h e young men of OnCv and
    $;sf!
    PLbe'seth, by the sword they will fall, and into Jrr 43:13
    captivity the [cities] themseIves will go. dnA%'
    in Te.haph'ne.hes~the day will actually grow ~i,";:;?;
    dark,%when I break there the yoke bars of zlcx 10:21
    Egypt." And in her the pride d her strength * ~ ~ a ~ . l
    will actually be made to cease.a As for her,
    ,A,:$%
    clouds themselves wilI cover her: and into cap- nrhlb 1 : ~
    4[1;10
    tivity her own dependent tounsf will
    lnAnd
    *PBkla
    I will execute acts of judgment in Egypt;+ and
    they will have t o know that I am Jehovah.' "m
    20 And it occurred further that in the
    eleventh year, in the first [month], en the
    seventh [day] of the month, the rvord! of Jehovah occurred to me, saying: 21'Y30n of man,
    the arm of Phar'aoh the Icing of Egypt I shall:
    certainly break," and, look! it wilI not be bound *?:$?&
    !-5

    %z,"
    'E;

    T h e Lord Jeborah." See Ezekiel 12:10, footnata a; Ezekiel


    14:8, fmhate b. b6'Soph," 31; '"3Iem'pbis," TgSg. 'So," 31Sy;
    a

    4iAcsandria,n T@. d #'Sin," SISyT ; "l~elusium,"Vg. Liternl lv,


    cJA'~en,"3f; fTCeJ~a'poh:F LXSTg. Literally, %her dangbtem,"

    M.

    EZEKIEL 30:22--31:3

    up a t all in order t o give [it] healing by putting


    a bandage on for binding it up,' for it to become

    strong to take hold af the snvord."


    22 "Therefore this js what the Lonl Jehovaha has said, Were I am against Phar'aoh the
    of Egypt,k and I will break his arms," the
    1c;;;:P king
    strong
    oner and the broken one,s and I wjql
    ;:,";?,i;6
    i
    7
    cnusc
    thc
    sword to Sall out of his handmt2 s And
    J0.r --:7
    I ~ v i l lscatter the Egyptians among the nations
    . :
    and ddtsperse them anlong the 1ands.u '"And I
    ~;\~1;i~j~~2
    wilI strengthen the arms of the king of Babylonb~and give my sword Ento his hand,r and I
    %
    &
    !
    p.fis
    :I:' I 1 will break the a m s of Phar'aoh, and as a deadly
    y1 3 2 : $ 1
    1; I,\
    wounded anc! he will certainly do a great deal of
    I s i r 10.s
    And I will strengthen
    z,. 2 12 groaning before him.^
    the arms of the king of Babylon,' and the very
    I,:/@ :F:15
    Rrms of Phar'aoh will fall; and they will have
    te know that 1 am Jehovah when I give my
    sword into the hand of the king of Babylon and
    he actually extends it out against t h e land of
    'EX n:le
    7:s
    Egypt.* gU And X will scatter the Egyptians
    :,;;Eij,m o n g the nationsUand disperse them among
    the lands; and they will have to know that 1 am
    n;:$; $
    ;:

    ;:;;:i;l

    1-9

    1111

    3 I ,.I?

    I , . ~ C1,: I.{

    Jpl~oyfij1.'

    it occurred further that in the


    3 1firstAnd
    eleventh year, In the
    [month], on
    of the month, the

    third
    the
    [day]
    word of Jeho",;$f:X
    ~:7@
    ~
    ! vah
    + occurred
    ~
    ~
    t
    o
    me,
    saying:
    '
    "Son
    of man, say
    F:rts :<O: 10
    I r:l.r to Pharkoh the king of Egypt and to his cmwd,O
    P,X,t S.1H
    I
    S
    "Whom haveyoucometoresembIeinyour
    '3 h' 9 : y
    Look! Am As-~yr'i-an,~~
    a cedar in
    T,, 3 , . ~greatness?'
    ~
    :<:,1,:i;?, Leb'a.non," beautiful in bough," with a woody
    *ILn

    * SPP RxeMd

    12: 10, footnots a, b"Bahg1on;' AXXVg; "B~a%el,"


    "An da.s~r-'i.nn," ;\II;.JLYTgSyT; possibly, *'A c y p r e d
    (t'nshbeBttr", i n a t ~ n dof Aek.,~hur').Vr, pos~ihfy,by emection of
    the tcxt, +'Idiffcrelitinte you as!'

    31Sr.T.

    EZEKIEL 31:4-9

    115

    114

    thicket offering shadow, and high in statureIk


    so that m o n g the cloudsB its treetop proved
    t o be." Waters were what made it get big;"
    surging water& themselves caused it to grow
    high, With theip streams they were goingd a31
    around its planting place; and their" channels
    thegt sent forth to all the trees of the field.
    That is xvhy it grew higher in its statttre than
    all the [other] trees of the field."
    " And
    its boughs kept multiplying, and its
    branches continued getting lenq~rbecause of
    much water in its waterco~r.ws.~~
    ''On its
    boughs all the flying creahtres of the heavens
    made their nests, and under its branches all the
    wild beasts of the field gave birth,u and in i t s
    shade all the populous nations would dtvell.
    And it came to be beautiful in I t s greatness,"
    In the IenHh sf its foliage, for its root system proved to be over many waters. SIOther]
    cedars were no match for it in the gardenf of
    God.~yAS for juniper trees, they bore na re.
    semblance as respects its boughs. And plnne
    trees themselves did not prove to be like it in
    branches. No [other] tree in the gardenf of
    Goda resembled it in its beauty.="Be~utifulis
    the way that I made it in the abundance of its
    foliage,' ~ n daZI the [other] trees of Edenhz
    ~ikrp.'
    X S ~ ~ L%mn~hw,N
    I ;
    &I/VgSy). " S u r ~ i nw
    3r, F71iir1; L S l T g . "tho a b ~ . ' V wI;~at.sirl T : 2, fodnnte r.
    Refminq ta "surging waters,'' or telrGm, whir11 is licre 111 the
    f m i n i n e gendmin?II. d Literally, '5t (he) wns guillg.l' Erirl~ntlyrr-

    a "G~oII~P,"
    L
    f

    f ~ r r i n gto the a h p s or ''surgiltg satem?' sirnilfir trl L X S . * '*IVat~1.tou~~w,''


    hp n corntion of 31; liternllg, "hy its sprtrling fnrtli," ;\I.
    f ''Ctnrrlw,''
    RI, gan; L33TpSy, "pal.~disc."g ..Gorl." hl, El-cr.lrs'rrr';
    LXX, ha T t , ~ . o s ' ; Tg, De'vr. h Or, "ple~snntnm,"in ngreemcnt
    with LSXTTg. Compnre ISrmesin 2 :8, footnote (1.

    EZEKIEL 31:10-15

    that were in the gardena of The [true] Godb


    kept envying !tnru
    -&$9,:,,
    pqoC:12

    10 "Therefore thJs is what the Lord Jehovah


    has said, 'For the reason that youc became high
    in stature, so that it put its treetop even among
    '.nLa:u the cioudsd"and its heart became exalted be';j,hzgcause of i t s height,4 l l I shall also give it into
    of Zhr dcspot of I the] nations.' With, l " . V I 11 I thc h ~ n d
    1.Er.71i O P I ~
    fail
    he
    wIEI act acainst it.'Accol-ding to its
    I hn 4 : I 0
    1
    . 9 wickedness 1 wiH drive it out.' And strangers,
    I.,:I;
    thetyrantsof [the] natlons,ewillcutitdoum,
    lh.la
    and people will abandon it upon t h e mountains;"
    :,,
    :,I
    I.:m 3 . 7
    and in all the valleys its foliage will certainly
    :,
    fall, and its hranclzcs will be broken among all
    the s t r ~ a mbeds o l the earth." And out from its
    sh~ldeall the peoples of the earth tvill come
    I
    clown and abandon itmr
    l3 Upon its fallen trunk
    all the flying creatures of the heavens mill reside, and upon Its branches there will certainIy
    ~ ~ ~ ~ f i T come
    "e
    t o be dl the wild beasts of the field;"
    IN#(k 29:5
    :(l:4
    t
    o
    the
    end that none of the watered trees may
    I l r b Illll8
    1 f 1 . 1 :(z
    bec~me
    high
    jn their statu~w,~
    or put their tree*'I'#24
    ~;l.rrl 3,l:le taps even among the
    and that none
    drinlcing wnlcr may stnnd up against them in
    tlicir height, lor they rvjll certainly all of them
    E>e glven t o deatll,' to the land down be low,^
    '
    in the midst of the sons of mankind,e to those
    l%lr 1.;:9
    1:lc 3: 18 going down Into the pit.'
    15 "This is what the Lord Jehovahf has said,
    ~ m * 2 'Onthe day of its going down to She'ol* I shall
    certainly cause a mourning." On its account I
    "f:;d$'
    ,<

    1,

    "

    ! m 8 h

    '

    "Gmrdcn."' 11, gnn; LXXTaSp, "p~rnrlise,"' "The [tme] God.'"


    11, r'rn-F,'*:l.o.bir~',
    Compnia L Pnm~tcl 4 : 4, footnote i. e"Tau,n
    31?fNST;"it," VfSg,
    "Clouds," LSXArnh; *'branches,"31. Or,
    " ~ I u F I ~ . bI,
    "
    a.rlanfi. See Il;r;rtirl 12:10, footnote A. g "Shekl." N,
    - / I " i j l ; L.S.Y, 1fcriJd&z; Vg* I ~ f f .ri.
    c

    EZEKIEL 31:16-32 :2

    will cover the surging waters,a that 1 may hold


    hack their streams and the many waters may be
    restrained; and en its account I shall darken
    Seb'a.non, and on its account all the trees of
    the field themselves will sriroon away. la At the
    sound of its downfall I shall certainly cnuse nations t o rock* when I bring I t down t o S h e ' d "3;!$,1"
    with those going down into the pit? and in the d$&:;$fl
    snmlu
    lmd down below a11 the trees of E'den,cA the AEI ~~.ICI 1.13
    choicest and the best of Leb'a-non, all those I . : , ~31,9
    drinking water, will be ~ o m f o r t e d . ~Il'ith him b"rca2:31
    they themselves also have gone down to Sherol,rl*tP;R9;;f;n
    to those slain by the mtmrd, and those who as ~ : z c 3 ? . 2 i
    his seed* have dwelt in his shadow in the midst
    m t 4:20
    ~
    of nations.'"
    Eze 3O.r;
    18 '"Whom have you come to resemble thus ,E,;:;dl
    in glory' and greatness among the trees of +
    ;;; ;;;fq
    E'd~n?~"
    But you will certainly be brought clown mrsls :H ::I
    \vith the trees of E'denf ta the land down below.
    In the midst of the uncircumcised ones you will
    1tIRn
    vsrl I
    f:aom
    lie down with those slain by the S W O X ~This
    .I<
    Is Plsar'aoh and all his crowd,'ll is the utter*ance
    I.:W :4:' l n
    of the b r d Jehovab"g
    n1.t.c
    t1
    And it occurred further that in the
    twelfth year, in the twelfth month, on
    the first [day] of the month, the w90rrl Q Sehovah occurred to me,sayjng: "Son of man, lift
    up a dirger concerning Phar'noh the Icing of rEza 2i:2
    Egypt, and you must- say t o him, 'As a maned
    young lion of nations you have been silen~ecl.~
    RE;:?^?;
    " 'And you have been like the marine mon-

    1
    1

    '

    "She'ol." M, alt0fil; t X X , JTnd'dr*~; T'g,


    i ~ . . f ~ r ' ~ > t 0t nSee
    , verse 9, fmtnr-te h. Tllcr p a w , N, alr*br; J A X ,
    JTrri'dC.qj Tg, i~bf~r'nris.
    9 4 ' S ~ ~ ~ by
    l ' ' ;n corlht*ftio~l
    o f 31 in ~ I ~ ~ I - c P nlent with LLYSy; Ifterallr, "nm,'' IK'ig, Or, ''plr~i~nntnrq"
    ia ngrtcment with L-X-g.
    Sre Ezrlirel 12: 10, f'uoinolc a.
    a

    uE.

    N:U

    feet and fouling their rivers.'u


    3 "This is nrI~atthe Lord Jehovah has said,
    'Iwill also spread over you my net by means of

    of many peoples, and theyh will


    certainly bring you in my dragnet.v ' And I
    must abandon you on the land. Upon the surZ;;?$
    110 7:la
    face of the field 1 shall hurl you.Y And on you I
    y1Sa 1744
    14:zs will cause all the flying creatztres of the heavens
    .ft.r8'2
    J P s:33
    ~
    to reside, and off you I wlll satisfy the wild
    P:ze 29:5
    beasts of the whole earth.= And I wiIl put your
    aps L ~ : ~ o
    I,, 7 9 : ~
    1%
    flesh upon the mountains' and fill the valleys
    ' L : m 3 3 ' : f 2~~F'ith
    the r c f ~ s of
    c ~y011. And I will cause [the]
    land to drinlc up your dfschnrgecl matter, from
    :gz::&your blood? upon the mozrntains; and stream
    beds themselves will be fillcd up from you.'
    'wob 18:6
    7 '' 'And when you get extinguishedd I will
    019a i3:io cover [the J heavens and darken their staw. As
    due
    hrn 2:31
    8:9
    for [the] sun, with clouds I: sl-in11 cover it, and
    [the] moon itself will not let fts light s h i m 0
    All the luminarjes" of light in the heavens+,
    76316
    1:l.l
    I shall darken them on your account, and I wiIl
    put darkncss upon your land,' is the utterance
    of the Lord Jehovah,"
    9 " 'And I will grieve the heart oP many peoQ2:z$g ples* when I bring the captiveso from you
    among the nations t o lands that you have not
    ,Jer 2555
    E%e29:12 known.' I d And at you I shall certainly cause
    E z 30:23
    Exe
    3026
    ~
    many peopIes t o be awe-struck,%nd their kings
    gas themselves will shudder in horror at you when I

    vEtT;f3

    a congregation

    ::#I

    Ace rcrRe 4, footnote b.

    ster in the seas,t and you kept gushing in your


    ieTF:1,3
    I ~ a 5 1 : 9 rivew and kept muddylng the waters with your

    j7

    32

    EZEKIEL 32:3-10

    117

    116

    Or, poflsisibly, by a dight correction, '(dttring yonr snortinge"; or,


    "through your n o ~ t t i l s ,b~ "Tb~g,"M8;;
    '
    "I," LXXVg. *"Refuse,"
    31; "Mood," L X X ; "conuptcd hlood, 'f'g; "~anpgots," By. d 8ee
    l:zekiel 12:10, footnote a, "Capttre ones," Sbl; "br~aMornr
    [or, broken parts;] ," MSy.

    32:41
    brandish m y sword in their faces,'<and they will
    have to tremble every moment, each one for his
    own soul,a on the day of your d ~ w n f a l l . ' ~ n-Jer 1534
    519
    11 "For this is what the Lord Jehovah has Eze26:lt
    said, T h e very sword of the king of EabyIon
    will come upon you.* l2 I shaU cause your crowd r$; g;;:
    to fall by the very swords of mighty ones, the1 B e r n 2 4
    tyrants of [the] nations, all of thern;Qnd they n ~ e
    will actually despoil t h e pride of Egypt, and all gb3z,11
    her crorvd. must be annihi1ated.t l3 And I will t-e 2?:19

    destroy all her domestic animals from beside


    many waters,u and the foot of earthling man
    will no more muddy them, nor will. even the
    hoofs of a domestic animal muddy them."'
    14 " 'At that time I shall make their waters
    clear up, and their rivers I shall make go just
    like oil,' is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah.
    15 " 'When I make the land of Egypt a desolate waste and the land is desolated of its fullness,~when I strike down aIl the inhabitants in
    it, then they will have t o know that I am
    Jehovah."
    16 " 'This is a dirge, and people wilI certainly
    chant it. Even the daughters of the nations will
    chant it; over Egypt and o w r all its crowd they
    will chant it,'* is the utterance of the Lord
    Jehovah."b

    ,,, ,,:,,

    ug,"::;f2

    V-e
    Eze M
    293
    181

    yPs 24:f
    ps IO~:.M

    Egi$i

    eEu 7.5
    Ex 14:4

    g;&.;
    E;:1:17
    *2~a
    %k%?&
    J e r Y:l;

    Eze 2627

    I?' And it occurred furkher that in the twelfth ' ,Ee


    g:;p
    yearscon the fifteenth [day1 of the month, the A ~ ~ , " ~ : ~ .
    word of Jehovah occurred t o me, saying: "Son I Eke
    B e 26:m
    43:3
    of man, lament over the- crowd of Egyptu and bg;&6:9"(1
    bring i t down," her and the daughters of males- Isa 1 4 : ~
    tic natio~ls,to the land down below,+with those +W$o"19:14
    Ps 63:9
    going down into [the] pit.'
    Isn 14-15
    "S~ul," If,wPhiesh; Tg, a'aima. See Ezekiel 12:10,footnote a,
    "In the first month," added hy LKT; but missing fxo~nIf?-gSg.T,

    19 " 'Compared with whom are you more


    pleasant?@
    Do go down," and you must be laid
    'Eze 313
    with
    the
    uncircumcised
    ones!'#
    65; ;
    E z 2~ 1 0
    20, 'In the midst of those slain by the sword
    l;xze 29:s they w iLl fan.k [To] a sword she has been given.
    nJer 22:1D Drag her away and all her crowds, YOU men."
    21 lThe foremost men of the mighty ones
    ~ ~ l will speak out of the midst of She'd& even to
    1 Isa 14:9
    him, with his helpers.r They will certainIy go
    9:17
    down;^ they must lie down 8s the uncircumcised,
    I's 55:15
    1432 slain by the sword. P 2 There is where As.syrYa
    and a11 her congregation areatHis burial places
    ' s;gga
    E:ze
    are round about him. All of them are slain,
    (lrqa 3736 those falling by the s ~ o r d . 123~For her burial
    places have been put in the innermost parts of
    ' tsaI4:l5 a pit,V and her congregation will prove to be
    M t 23:29 round about her grave,;"'a11 of them slain, falling by the srvord, because they had caused
    termry in the land of those alive.=
    24 " 'There are Elam' and all her crowd
    l"R:11
    round about her grave, all of them slain ones,
    .!f.r 11:19
    '':fa 10:?2 those falling by the sword, who have gone down
    .I rr 25.25
    uncircumcised to the land down below, those
    who have caused their terror in the land of
    those alive; and they will bear their humiliation
    those going down into [the] pit: 25 h the
    ge:22:5, with
    midst
    of sIain ones they have set a bed for her
    E:7e 36.6
    EHE 30126 among all her crowd.' Her burial places are
    EInb 2.116
    ..rls 139.8 round about it. All of them are uncircumcised,
    :?%a,l,b% slain by the sword,+ because their terror was
    he 44:7 caused in t h e land of those alive; and they will
    bear their humiliation with those going down
    'LU12:s
    into [the] pit.' In the midst of slain ones heb
    has been put.
    A ''Shtr'ol.'~MT, shBdl; TgI kz.ferPnu~,
    b Or,lCit,'$M; "they," TgSyT.

    .;,;$,%A%

    EZEKIEL 32r 26-31

    1o:a
    26 " 'There is where Me'sheche [and] Tu"balXeco
    Ere T7:13
    EW
    and all her crowd are. Her buriaI places are 'ICh m:2
    1 5
    pound about him. All of them are uncircumcf sed, xic N:1

    pierced through by the sword, because they


    have caused their terror in the land of those
    alive. " And will they nota Pie down with mighty
    a14
    ones,' falling from among the uncircumcised, Woh
    Bsn 14:lY
    ~vhohave gone d o m to Shetolbwith their srreaponsk of war? And they will put their swords kBe 99:10
    under their heads, and their errors wilI come to
    49:14
    be upon their bones," because mighty ones were nPa
    PS 929
    Pr
    1 L::12
    a terror in t h e land of those aliveaP'' And as Jnh H : 2 k
    for you,Cin the midst of uncircwncised ones you vEzo 32:13
    will be broken, and you miU lie down with those
    hIsa 14:M
    slain by the sword."
    2s:,90
    29 " 'There is where E'dom,t her kings and IGe
    r,e as!l
    I
    S
    t
    l
    all her chieftains are, who, in their mightiness, m i f f wd,I:5
    .I!I:~
    ''5: 12
    were put with those slain by the sword;ll they A1':7c
    l l l 1:11
    X
    themselves will Lie down even with the uncir- Oh
    M01 1:d
    cumcised ones and with those going down into rrJcr 25:31
    [the] pit.
    30 " "Thereis where the dukes of the north
    1:14
    are,Y all of them, and all the Si.do'ntans,z who yJer
    Ezc 3R:B
    xt:c
    1
    0
    :1.5
    have gone down with the slain ones, in their ter- Jcr 25~22
    E7c
    m:?l
    ribleness because of their mightiness, ashamed.
    And they will lie down uncircumcised with those
    slain by the sword and will bear their humilia*EPe 32:?4
    tion with those going down into I the] pjt.'
    31 '"These are t h e ones that Phar'aoh will
    see, and he n7iU certainly be comforted over all
    2t3
    his crowd." F W a o l ~
    and all his military force Q
    ETP 14:2?
    Eze
    31~16
    will be people slain by the sword,' is the utterance of the Lord 3ehowah.d
    Or, "And ther xriU not." b t4She'ol.wM, elr'd!; LA-, H n f d ! ' ~;
    Tg, d n . f ~ r ' t ~ ~C'TOU?'
    ~s.
    In the masculine gentler, sin,aaInr nurnhcr.
    d

    See Ezekiel 12: 10, footnote a.

    121

    120

    EZEKIEL 32:32-33

    :6

    32 " 'For he has* caused his terrorb in the


    a:n land of those alive,h and he must be laid in the
    midst of the uncircumcised ones, with those
    slain by the sworcl, even P h ~ 9 a o hand all his
    crowd,' is the utteran.ce of the Lord J e h ~ v a h . " ~
    And the word of Jehovah proceeded to
    occur to me, saying: "Son of man,
    ! m ~ S P P R ~ t o the sons of your p e ~ f l e and
    , ~ you must
    say to them,
    'Mmn
    'As regards a land, in case I bring upon it a
    Jcr 1212
    sword'
    and the people of the land,-on and all,
    ;
    ';;
    Jrt- 47.tl
    ~ctLlaHy
    take a manoand set him as their ~vatchk r n::!
    I
    I H
    "nd he nctt~allysees the sword coming
    j:!: J::!'? upon thc land and hlotvs the trurnpetfi and warns
    ~ S I 1r:zd
    I
    thc people,' and the hearcr ~ c t u a l l yhears the
    .I.rl !, 1
    :",';:',\H, 9:a sound of the trumpetR but he takes no warning
    at ~ l l , kand a sword comes and takes him away,
    'Nu 4:lR
    Isn n q : l
    his own blood wlll come t o he upon his own head."
    .lrhr4:5
    , r n r r r i : a ~ fl The sound of the trurnpetr he heard but he
    lin R m l
    I(:O I',I:R took no warning?' His ouv blood will come t o be
    h2Ch
    J
    8n:18
    :
    upon his own self, And had he himself taken
    warning, his own soul11 ~vottldhave escaped."
    ,;JT:?A$?
    2311I
    q:,,7
    ,ti(
    R I' 'NOW ns regards the ~ a t c h r n a nin
    , ~ case
    . . I ' I : I ~ he sccs the swo17d coming and he actually does
    I.:/(o
    Arb ztl. '6
    not blow the trumpetst and the people itself gets
    ~ 2 1 Y.10
    ~i1:r
    1
    no warning a t all and a sword comes and takes
    I1sn 5B:lO
    away from them s.oul,l~for i t s own error it itself'
    L1m*
    1*:24 must be taken aH'ay,Itbut its blood I shall ask
    'EZIJ

    33
    I'

    '"1

    -hns," h;F n

    "Hr
    ~ l i ~ correckinn
    ld
    in nwcrnent with the object of
    the 1*@16
    ; NL Iinv~,''hILX,K.I.pSy. '$13is PI TO^;^' 3IL,FXFp ;
    Iezmr.," I I m a r ~ l n l ' g . SCCE z ~ k i c l 1 2
    : 10, footnole n. d "The people
    r l f the lonrl." 31, 'rrrn Irrr-nr'pfs, Sce 1 Killgr 11 : 14. Sot yet nscd
    1.- n n cxpl~ssionof cot~tc~npt.
    Compnrr John f : 47-49. Or, "and
    ? It0 11eople of the lnntl ncttwllg t n k ~n mnu [islr], one from their
    ~ O K ~ P I ' I F . "Or, "Idoko1tf." RI, tso.plr~h'.a Or, ''sho'ph~r~'
    h"901d,"
    "lifc." hl, rtuph'eak; LXX, pay.ck$; Vg, n8ai.mn,
    a

    EZEKIEL 33 :7-12

    122

    back from the hand of the tvatchmana himself."

    v8,"3s2,

    7 'Wow as regards you, 0 son of man, a 2% ;:I)


    watchman& is what I have made you to the
    house of Israel,~and at m y mouth you must : ;Y !$!
    hear [the] word and give them rvarnjng from K
    ;:,.I
    me." When I say to someone wicked, '0 wicked ;;:;
    ;
    J;;:I
    one,' you mill positively die!'' but you ~ctunlly' j C b,:IT
    ,
    do not speak out to warn the wicked one from
    his way," he himself as a wicked one will die In Ej:,! iyi;f
    but his blood I shall ask bknck ?NU-";:"
    his own
    nl: your own hand: But as regards you, in case 'AC m : ~
    you actually warn someone wicked from his
    way [,for him] to -;turn back from it'qbut he + B e 3:19
    I
    actually does net turn back from his way, h e
    llirnself will die in his own e m r , "wherens you 'E%'!;:
    yourself will certainly deliver your own ssul.I'* k;$;i,%a
    10 "Now as regards yon, 0 son of man, say
    to the house of Israel, 'Thus YOU people have
    mid: "Because our transgressions and our sins
    are upon us and in them we are rotting nwny," l<gFy,$!!
    how, then, shall w e keep living?" 'I' " Say to ~ E Z Q
    them, ' "As I am alive," is the utter~nceof the
    Lord Jehovah, "I take delight, not in the death
    of the wicked one,' but in that someone ~vicked"t","2:i14
    turns back from his way and actually keeps ;; ;%
    livjng. Turn back, turn back fmm YOUR had ;:i:k~;:p
    1 ?J
    ways,R for why i s it that you should die, 0 mvr
    IS11 rfV7
    I .Ir~r.'t:Td
    house of Israel?"
    I.:,c 14:B
    I1:i
    12 "And as for you, O son of man, say to the t i c 3:1!!
    sons of your people, 'The righteousness of the tr:.. r e lH 31
    righteous one ~villnot itself deliver him in the day
    of his h.a~lsgression.~
    But as regards the wickedfdyW
    ncss of the wicked one, be will not be made to
    stumble by it in the day of his turning back from

    'E;,$$\

    [ ~ L I

    Or, "lookout." If,tso.pAekf.

    bSce reme 5, fmtnotc

    h,

    123

    EZEKIEL 33:EL19

    %*&%lg:fl
    Ez

    his wi~kedness.~
    Nor will even anyone having
    righteousness be able to keep living because of
    rEte 18:26 it in the day of his s1nning.y lJ
    When I say to the
    ~ ~ z3:m
    e - righteous one : "You will positfveiy keep livingR"
    %Ifsiand
    x he himself ~ctuallytrusts in hfs own righteousness
    and does Injustice,r all his own rightFp,'";$B
    j
    eous acts will not be remembered, but for his inDJsn3.11
    .rrLrlS:7 justice that Ile has dot-lc-lor I.l?ls he will die.*
    Eze3:18
    14 '('And when I sny t o thc wicked one:
    L U 13:3
    "P'=:13
    "YOU
    will positively die,"" and he actually tmms
    Isa 5 5 7
    HO 11:l
    back from his sin" and canqieson justice and
    Ac 3 2 9
    CEae is:= rightmusness,$ I n [and] the wicked one returns
    MIC
    ~3
    E:R
    the very thing pledged; pays back the very
    -I:k 22-26
    18:7
    things taken by robhrry,' I and] nctuaHy walks
    in the very statut~s of life by not doing in"ze n:= jrrstice,V~ewill positively keep living." He will
    'LP IP 5
    Le 19.15 nat die. ''' N o ~ l eof his sins with which he has
    *Eze 19:2'1
    klsa i : 1 8 sinned w i H be remembered against him." JrrsEze 1 8 2
    tic@and righteousness are what he has carried
    m;llon* Re will positively lreep living.'n
    17 ''And the sons of your people have said,
    'The way of Jehovahn is not ~cljustedright,'
    but, as for them, it k their way that is not adE?e 18:z

    'z!$$J4

    rE;$!%:

    j u s t ~ dr j ~ h t . ~
    18 "When someone righteous

    turns back
    h m his righteousness and actually does injustice, he must also die for them.# InAnd when
    sEb$gz
    2 : ~someone wicked turns back from his wickedness
    and actually carries on justice and righteousness, it will, be on account of them [hat he
    fh1x27 himself wilI keep l i ~ i n g , ~
    "Jehovah," nine Hehrow mannnnripts nnd SyT nnd the GompIutensian Polyglott; A.do.rarr!rl ("The f i o r c r ~ i ~Lord"),
    n
    ?if; '$the
    Lord," L z ; Dahi.nils, 1'~.Thin ia one of ihe 134 plncm where
    the Jewish Eopheriin sny they nltered Ilrs primitive Hebrew text
    t o read 8.dp.nogP i~isteatloY T ' ~ ~ o . ~ i ~ o l ~ ' .

    EZEKIEL 3320-26
    20 "And

    125

    mu people have said, The way of

    LiJctlovnh," LXSVgSgT and six Hebrew mennscriptsa

    each one t h e wife of his companl0n.t So should


    the land?" 'u
    27 "This is what you should say to them,
    'This is what the Lord J e h o v ~ hhas
    ~ said: "As
    alive,
    surely the ones who are in the
    ~
    ~ I am
    j
    ~
    devastated places wlll fa13 by the sword itself;v
    'YJ;g::&,
    5:*
    and the one who Is upon the surface of the field,
    to the wild bcnst I shnll c c r t ~ i n l ygive him for
    srEze394 food;^ and those fit110 nrc in the strong pIaces
    Re 19:18
    6.2
    and in the caves"vii1 die by the pestilence it136
    self. e6 And X shall actu~llymake the land a
    waste,' even 8 desolation, and the pride
    ' ~ s ~ 1 6desolate
    ~ 1 ~
    J e r q : l l of its strength must be made to ceaseo and the
    K r c 36:34
    i c
    mountains of Isra~tmusl br Faid dclsolate,"with
    :EL.?24:dl
    E?e a o : ~ no one passing through. "' h d they lvill have ta
    :.Eze 36:4
    6:3
    know that X am Jehovah when I make the land
    OpS 9 : ~ a desolate wastesoeven a desolation, on account
    Eze 6.13
    of all their detestable things that they have
    '2K1 17:s done." ?+
    2Ch 36:14
    Jw55:1 3 0 " A n d a s f o r y o u , O s o n o f r n a n , t l 1 e s o n s
    ,of your people are speaking wlth one anether
    about you beside the walls and in the entrances
    '$;$ig af the houses,* and one has spolcen with the
    other, each onc with his brother, saying, 'CO~IE,
    please, and FEAR what the word is that is going
    'EE:ywforth from Jehovah." " And they will come in
    to you, like the corning In of people, and sit
    5[&?jSb
    before you as my people;" and they will certainly hear your words but these they will not
    d
    q k ~ O with
    T
    their mottth they are expressing
    liJ",";fi;;
    ru 6:49 lustful desires [and] after their unjust gain is
    nEph5:5
    N t 6:24
    where their heart is gc3ing.l) 32 Amd, look! you
    554

    Jehavaha is not adj d e d right." It mIll be each U g l f $ b


    one according to his ways that I shall judge
    I-ou, 0 house of IsraeLVv
    VEZS
    P I:=
    ~18:m
    21 At length it came about in the twelfth ~
    '
    yeas, in the tenth [month], on the fifth day of
    the month of our exile,y that there came t o me y h f:a
    the escaped one from Jerusalem,qsaylng t "The
    city has been struck down!"*
    22 Now the very hand of Jehovah had came
    to be upon me in the evening before the coming
    of the escaped om," and He proceeded to open
    my mouth prior to [that one's] coming to me in
    the morning, and m y mouth was opened and I
    proved to be speechless no longer.*
    23 And the word of Jehov~lhbegan t o occur
    to me, saying: 24 "Son of man, the inhabltnnts
    of these devastated placesvare saying even concerning the soil of Israel, 'Abraham" happened
    to be just one and yet he took possession of the
    land." And we are many; to us the land has been
    given RS something t o possess,'@
    25 "Therefore say to them, This fs what the
    Lord Jehovabh has said: "Withc the blood You
    keep eating.,"and YOUR eyes YOU keep lifting to
    YOUR dungy idols," and blood YOU keep p u d n g
    m t , k So should mu possess the land?lb 2o You
    have dependedd upon aom s ~ v o r d YouC
    . ~ have
    done a detestable thing,s and you have deilld

    EZEKIEL 33: 27-32

    ~ J Q s YOU
    ~ ~ PQSWS
    : ~ ~

    e"reu:a6
    *2 a~ 1~ 36:17
    a
    1i ~ : 4

    5;; gii:

    Dgi;%
    *i:aa
    no 2
    8:ae
    4:~

    'E%i0
    ehIlc7.20

    'e;%ja
    ~ ?dl
    - > I E33:11
    C3

    ,:;11,s;39

    ;;:4

    n 11.32
    1%-15 ZD
    A(
    ml'~el q fi

    k?:t$:?o"
    A.s2o,?~ayt,

    11. This is one of the 134 pagsnges in ~ h l d lthe ~ o ~ < FSophelhim


    sk
    c l ~ i ~they
    u
    dtered the pi5miti~a Hebrew text t o read A,do.na?]'
    instead of! Y'bo,wala'. b See Ezekiel 12:la, footnote n. * Lilornll;y,

    " U p ~ n . ' ~d LitaalYy, %toad." ee"Yov," In tho r~~nsculine


    gentl~r,
    plurnt number, in 18 Hebrew manuscripts, also 8yT; in the ftminine gender, plural number, in X.

    "

    ,'The Lord Jehornh."

    a
    I\I, A.do,trfl!rr X'"ko.rrils'; Vg, Do0mi.n1ra
    De'w; Ey, '"he Lord of Iortls" ; T, "Jrhovnh soil"; Luther Gerrum, der Herr Herr.

    em

    are to them like a song of sensuous loves, like


    one with a beautiful voice and playing a stringed
    instrument weB.lS And they wiIl certainly hear
    your words, but there are none d d n g them.R
    "And
    when it comes true-look! it must come
    true-they will dm have to know that a pmph.et himself had prwed to be & the midst of

    fh~m."~

    34

    r$

    ZZKl 5:R

    2:s

    And the word of Jehovah continued to


    occur ta me, saying: = "Son of man,

    pl-ophesy against the shepherilp of Israel."


    ! ; : ; : :P
    Prophesy, and you must say t o them, to the oh ro:t2
    shepherds, 'This is what the Lord Jehovah8 has
    MIC3:1
    said: "Woe t o the shepherds of Israe1,V who VJer28:1
    have become feedersb of thernselvesfm Is it not E?;$;l
    the flockc that the shepherds ought to feed?y ,l~,:l~;I::~
    The fat I s what YOU eat,$ and with the wool p;$ +S;j;
    YOU clothe your awn selves. The plump animal ;;:~&!~
    is what YOU slaughter.' The flockC itself you
    do not feed. T h e sickened ones YOU have not G;!;;,"'
    strengthened," and the ailing one mu have not .;!e ?;;;0,
    healed, and the bxolcen one YOU have not band- htl n..~,
    aged, and the dispersed one rou have not
    brought back, and the lost&one aou have not
    sought to find? but with harshness You have
    :ij!
    had them in subjection, even with tyranny.O O$r&:\y
    "'"
    "And
    they were gradual1y scattered because of
    there being no shepherd,' so that they became i':; %6:
    food for every wild beast of the field, and they j:
    continued to be scattered." 8 M y sheepe kept &
    :,;!:

    '2;

    zy:

    straying on all the mountains and on every


    high hill;' and on all the surface of Xhc earth

    "FFbT?!&

    Pee Ezekiel 12 :10, fmtnote a. b Or, 'ighepherders!' 8 Or,''~IwM~.''


    If, rds. d Literally, perishin in^,'^ Y. Or, .'flock!* hl, &;a.

    my sheepa were scattered, with no one making


    a search and with no one seeking t o fmd.
    7 " ' "Therefore, mu shepherds, hear the
    word of Jehovah, "'As I am alive," is the
    utterance of the Lord Jehovah,h "surely f o r
    the reason that my sheepa became something
    for plunder and my sheep&cont-inued to be food
    for rvclry rvilrl b ~ n s of
    t the field, hmause there
    was no shr~,hcrrl, and my shepherrls did not
    s c a l ~ hfor my sheep,u but the shepherds kept
    S~edIngthem~elves,~'
    and my arvn shwpn 81ey
    1
    did
    not
    feed,"
    '
    therefore,
    YOU shepherds, hear
    Juttf. l a
    t t i ~word of Jehov~b.lUThisis what the Lord
    .lrdiov:1l1~~
    h:ls mid, '1Trr~I am against the shephcrds,ll
    and
    1sl~allccrtnlnly ask hack m y sheep
    :;.:,,P n ~ n
    ~ ~ : f ~ ~from
    their.
    handt'
    and make them cease Dam
    l,,f#b lY8
    r8:r#i211 - 1
    f
    e
    e
    d
    i
    n
    p
    1
    my]
    sheep,RR
    and the shepherds will
    Xsm#.l l J , 3
    I t m , :+la
    ~
    no longer feed thern~elves;~
    and I tvill deliver
    my sheep out of their mouth, and they yilill not
    !\::!:!:!L
    become foocl for them,' ''u
    ~,~Y;'~f;~~~
    11 " 'For this is what the Lord Jehovah has
    said: "Hcre I am myself, and I tvlll search f o r
    $
    ; my sheep and care for them.v With t h e care
    of oncx rr!cdIt~ghis drover in the day of his corn;
    .1#.1- : :..< ing to bc in the midst of his shcepB that have
    Y I S I I 17:i.l
    $1111.11 10.'11 b e ~ nspread abroad,'n that Is the way that I
    shall care for my sheep;n and I wiI1 deliver them
    out of all the places to trhich they have been
    ?-":"'I"." gS scrlttered in the day of clouds and thick g1oom.e
    "And I will bring them out from the peoples
    .:z\?tT and collect them together from the lands and
    I , . .2'4 3
    .TW
    . bring them In onto their soil' and feed them on
    ].;do 1 L: L
    7.
    ,,m <j.r.i the mountains of Israel, by the stream beds and

    --

    # O r , "Aoek.'qT, tsrilt. bSee Ezekiel 12:10, footnote a. c O t p


    l'*hpphcrd ~IIZJ."

    EZEKIEL 34 :l G 2 1

    by dl the dwelling places of the 1and.O In a aMfc 1:14


    goad pasturage I shall feed them, and on Mael's
    high mountains their abiding place will come
    239
    t o be." There they will lie do~vnin a good abid- APs
    Is3 25x3
    I\R
    ing p l a ~ eand
    , ~ on a fat pasturage they will f e d der N:L3
    3l:12
    4 Jrr 3:i:LZ
    upon the mountains of Israel,"
    221
    15 " ' "I myself shall feed my sheep&*~ n 1d 1F.u
    Jcr 8;lM
    myself shall make them lie dawn,"" 1s the utter- WLpp 3:33
    ance of the Lord J e h ~ v a h .le~"The loste one I ~ M l c4:8
    shall search for,"and the dispersed one I shall M t 19:24
    bring back, and the broken one I shall bandage
    and the d i n g one I shall strengthen, but the f ~ l l
    R15
    onen and the strong one I shall annihilate. I mDe
    Ian 10:18
    nIso
    493213
    shalI feed that oned with judgmentmWBn
    J c r 8:15
    17 " 'And as for YOU my sheep,&this Is what
    the Lord Jehovahh has said: "Here I am judging
    between a sheepf and a shecp,f between the
    a0:s
    rams and the he-goats.' lsIs it such EI little CEZC
    Zcc 10:3
    RTt
    25:33
    thing8 for YOU men that on the very best pas- #CPP30:lE
    1u:31
    turagea YOU feedt but the rest of YOUR p ~ s -h'll
    T,,n T:I{i
    turages YOU should trample down with YOUR thllc 2:2
    feet, and that the cIearh waters YOU drink but
    the ones lef3 over sou sho~~ld
    foul by stamping
    with Y Q very
    ~ feet?u l9 And as for my sheep," uEre 829
    on the pasture ground trampIed by Y O ~ Rfeet
    should they feed and the water befouled by the
    W:IS
    stamping of yam feet should they drink?''" vMt
    LU 11:32
    20 " 'Therefore this is what the Lord Jehsvahh has said to them: "Here I am myself, and
    I shall certainly judge between a plump sheep1
    and a lean ~ h e e p , ~?'for
    y
    the reason that with Wt 18:821
    a Or, flfloek."' 31, tsam. BJ See Ezekiel 12 : 10, footnoto n.
    Literally,
    L'perjshing,"M.daThtlt one." Literally, "her,]' 3f* 'TTh~rn,'ALXITgSy, *OF,"jugtice." frcAsheep!' N, aseh. Or, IitcralIg, "tI~e
    good pnsturage," 31. h Or, "settled:' 1 JZ, sell; s i n p h r numl~sr.

    EZEKIEL 34:22--28

    129

    128

    flank and with shoulder you kept pushing and


    with YOUR horns YOU kept shuvinp all the sickened ones until YOU had scattered them to the
    'Zec 11:5
    zec ~r:lsoutside."22 And f ~ v i l lsave my sheep,a and they
    Lu 1334
    ~
    tps ~ 2 will.
    ~ 2 no longer bwome something f o plunder;"
    Jcr 233
    zee 11:7 and I 1~111judge between a sheep1)and a sheep.b
    And
    I will
    raise
    up~ over ~them one shepherd,&
    A
    ~
    ~
    r
    ~
    ZeeJl:lG a n d he must fcer1~ Zhcrn, even my servant
    .111h tn.11
    I I I , I J I.+'"
    DDRcI.~HChimsrlf rvIll l ~ c r l ethem, ~ n he
    d him115;1 11.1
    1n
    . 55:3
    self
    will
    became
    I
    h
    r
    i
    r
    shepherd.'
    24 And I my.
    .Tcr 30:9
    *Eze 3 2 2 4 self, Jehovah, rvjll became their God,ctoand my
    IIO :3 5
    sewmt David a chieftainmIn the n~fdstof them."
    EX
    I myself, Jehovah, have spoken.
    .1cr I l : P
    25 '" '"And X rvill concludeC with them a
    ;
    :
    - - La:?? co~enmPofpeacc,~nndIshalEcerEainlycause
    rcae:6
    the injurious wild bemt t o cease out of the
    .Icr 2.?5
    LIIC5.2
    land,1t
    and they will actually dtvell in the wilderLU 51:3z
    :
    ness in security and sleep in the f0rests.n " And
    Etg i : ? I~ will make them an8 t h e ~urraundingsof my
    8 I S X 53:3
    and f will cause the pouring
    E a d 3 i : 2 6 hiU a ble~sing.,~
    rain to descend in its timemaPouring rains of
    Isa &:9
    blessing there tvlll prove to be.t 2 7 And the tree
    IFA %:a5
    HO z:i8
    of the field must g h e its fiuitage,u and the land
    IIPS
    JP=4:8
    2.w
    itself wiIl give Its
    and they will actually
    F 16
    prove t o be on their sail iu secusity.Y And they
    ,JMic~ ;?7-;
    1
    will have t o know that I am Jet~lsvahwhen I
    etc 2ii
    tF;g<;p break the bars of their yoke' and I actually de"'"."lUver them out of the h ~ n dof those who have
    o LC28:4
    r e n 3532
    been using them as slaves."a 9 And they will no
    \-2s ES:12
    longer become something to plunder for the
    s Le
    L e2F:13
    ~ 18
    5
    Jer 220 nations;&and as regards the rvlId beast of the
    FJor 2 7 2
    36:4 earth, It wilI not dcvour them, and they will
    actually dwell in security, without anyone t o
    C3er.afi:27 make [them] tremble,O
    a Or, 'YIwk~'M, ts6m
    "A slrcep." 3I, s ~ h . Or, "shepherd."

    ,:

    * '*God." Ji, El.o.kim'.

    Or, "nn'ni."

    Lit@rdIg,"cul." 31, kn.mfkr.

    EZEKIEL 35 :7-13
    29 " ' "And I -#
    raise
    ill up for them a planting
    fop a name,&*and they will no more become
    those taken away by famine in the land,mand
    they will no Ionger bear the humiliation by the
    nations." 'And they will have t o h o w that I ,
    Jehovah heir God," am with t h m U and that
    they are my people, the house of Israel,' is the
    utterance of the Lord Jehovah." 'Ic
    31 " %nd as regards youc my sheep,d Ithe
    shepa of m y pasturing, POPare earthling
    men.f f am yome God,"b is the utterance of the
    Lard Jehovah."gn
    And the word of Jehovah continued t o
    occur to me,saying: "Son of man, set
    ycm facer against the mountainous region of
    Se'irs and prophesy against itmta And you must
    say ta it, 'This is what the Lord Jehovahe has
    said: "Here 1 am against you, 0 mountafnous
    region of Setir,u and I will stretch out my hand
    against youv and make you a desolate waste,
    even a desolation.^ Your cities I shall set as a
    devastated place, and you yourself will become
    a sheer desolate wastey and you mill have t o
    know that I am Jehovah,' for t h e reason that
    you pmved to have an indefinitely lasting enmityDand you kept pouring the sons of Israel
    down upon the edgesh of the sword," in the time
    of their disaster,$in the time of [their] final
    error."
    6 " Therefore as T am dive: is the uttemnce
    of the Lord Sehovah,g 'became it was for blood
    in ~the
    Or, ''fame; renmmn "Gd." M, EEbo.limP, ~ " Y Q V

    35

    "
    +

    feminine gender, p l d nnmber. d Or, '"Bock."' M, trdn. .In thf


    maseuliue gender, plural umber. 1 "EarfIiIing r n ~ n . " '
    ;r~,c.ik~ra
    Ezekiel 12;10, hotnoto a. hLiternllp, L'hands,bl M. ' O r ,
    literallj., "the h e of the e m r of [tbe] end," M.

    that I proceeded to make you, blood itself will


    also pursue you.. Surely it was blood that you
    art 7.2
    hated, and blood Itself will" pursue you." And
    '1'5 lo!\:lT
    IW-::~:yr I shall certainly make the rneuntaino~mregion
    wEzn25:13 of Se'ir a desolate waste, even a desoIation,"
    and X will cut off from jt one passing through
    and the one retraming.lc And I mill fiI1 its
    lt&,S;t:,
    Fr*pl:H mountain3 with its slain ones; as for your hills
    ant1 your vnllrys ant1 all your stream M s , the
    v e ~ yones slain by [the] srvord tvill fa1 in
    thcm.n [Tndsfinltclylasting desolate wastes are
    .rlqr?.;.:Js what I shall make you, and your o m cities will
    j;l not be inhabited; r and You people will have to
    A1111 l . 1
    know that I Rrn Jehovah.'~
    nI~;!i~127
    10 "By reason of your saying, 'These two nalions and these two lands, they will become m y
    own, and we shall certainly take possession of
    'Fd 834
    each
    [Iand 1,It whereas Jehovah himself proved
    Jtar .19:i
    I.:/P 313:~ to he right there,tl l1 'therefore as I am alive,'
    0 b 13
    I
    7 :
    is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah, '1 will
    1 ~ 1:o1 ~
    I ' : A ( ~,15.36 act also according to your anger and according
    X L ~3:1ti
    ~I
    to your jealousy that you have expressed owing
    ~ 1 ' ~ 1 3 1 : 7 t~ your feelings .sf hatred toward them;' and I
    Am 1:lt
    ~ f . 7 : ~ will rnnkc myself known among themh when I
    judge y0u.Y l:.AnCI YOU will have to know that
    ,
    ' I myself, Jehovah, have heard all your disre-

    *E;\t9;'fl

    ::!;

    spectful things t h a t you have said concerning


    the mountains of Israel,=saying; 'They have=
    bcen laid desolate. To 11sthey have been given
    '2,Yg: for food."" l 3 And YOU people kept acting in
    great style against me with
    and
    Cfhh,3-?;iB
    r h ,,,;
    II ,;G YOU have made supplication against me with
    xFs e4:D

    ,,,,

    Or, "Since blood you did not hnte, Mood i h l f also wiiI?'
    b4'Among thew,"' ;MI-pf!lyT; "to yon," LXX. *''Thq have,"
    BtnlnrKrn; d ' S hhns,''
    ~
    31T. Or, "mupeopie maintain a big mmth
    ngrtinat me,"

    EZEKIEL 35 :14-36 :4

    132

    words? I myself have heard [them]O'. 32~91a:m


    14 "This is what the Lord Jehovah has said, ,Jc,r 2D!23
    'At the same time t h a t all the earth rejoices,' *Inn 14:7
    a desolate waste is what I shaEl make of you.
    lfiJust as there was rejoicing on your part at
    the possmion of the house of Israel bca~rseit
    was laid desolate, the same thing I shaU make
    1327
    of you." A desolate waste is what you rvlll b e *Pa
    Pr 1;:5
    L
    n
    come, 0 mountainous ~ g i o nof Se'ir, even dl C)h 4:21
    12
    E'dorn, all of it;* and they will have to Imow ' I0h1d )3It>1:s

    133

    YOUR

    ):LC .15:13
    that 1 am .Jehovah.' "*
    F:J.P :<E:5
    * , f c b:13
    "And as far you, 0 son of man, prophesy
    concerning the mountains of Israel, and
    %:2
    you must say, '0 mountains of Tsrae1,lc hear ltExe
    Eec 33:28
    Eze 37,20
    the word of Jeh0vah.n a This is what the Lord ndvr
    ?P 2 1
    Jehovaha has said: "For the reason that the
    enemy has said against you,"Aha! Even the rEze 25i8
    S2:19
    high places of old t i m e a a s a possession it has sDc
    Pm 7R:6ll
    ran 59:14
    become ours!' " 't
    ITllb :!!Ill
    +I:Y
    3 "Therefore prophesy, and you must say, tm!er
    11:~~
    35:16
    'This is what the Lord Jehovah8 has said: "For
    the reason, even for the reason that there has
    been a desolate condition" and a snapping at ULCm:45
    K0:1
    YOU people from all sides,' in order for YOU t o VFB
    PE47:6
    Aln
    s : ~
    become a possession for the remaining ones of
    the nationsy and YQU canfhue being talked yEe@2 3 4
    2837
    about with the tonguez and there Is a bad re- aDe
    Ps 44:13
    Jer
    port among peopIe,' ' therefore, 0 mountains -11Ct IRIS
    !1:7
    of Israel," hear the nFordof thc Lord Jehovah ? C K / C ci:a
    This is what the h r c I Jehovah has said to the
    mountains and to t h e hills, t o the stream beds
    and to the valleys and to the devastated places
    h a 8:11
    that rvere laid desolate4 and to the abandon4 aISR
    24:3
    Jcr 239
    cities that have come to be for plunder and for

    36

    a See

    Ezekiel 12: 10, footnote a

    EZEKIEL 36 :5-41

    rldicule to the remaining ones of the nations


    t h ~ are
    t round about;+ therefore this is what
    the Lord Jehovah8 has said, 'Certainly in the
    *Do47-24 fire of my zeal I will speak4 against the remainTsn @G:1E
    3;:tc 1:lf ing ones of the nations and against E'dom, all of
    %gap.?:R
    % ~ - r * 1:?5 it,'" those who have given my land to themselves
    eJrbr25:21
    as a mssgssion with the rejoicing of all the
    *Pa&?:4
    *
    scorn in [the1 soul,bufor the sake
    .tiv . 1 ~ 1 h ~ n r t , with
    l,'f*l ,; IC
    or
    its
    pnslurc
    ~ r o ~ m Inndl
    r l for the p2under.' " 'k
    *l'l' I.;,?
    0 1 1 I:!
    G
    "Th~refore
    prophesy
    concerning the sag
    k I:*u 2x1:
    Altl 2:11
    of Israel, and you must say to the mountains
    and to the hills, to the stream beds and t0 the
    vnlleys, 'This is what the Lord Jehovah has
    said: "Look! X myself in my zeal md in my
    rage must speak, for the reason that hurnilianPa 74:lt) tion by nations is what YOU have borne." in
    8's 74:23
    I'R 123::l
    P,%c3.228 Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovah has
    said, 'Imyself have raised my hand [in an
    rrlo 32:40 oathls thnt the nations that YOU have round
    F:an 20:s
    F:xo 2'): 16 about-they
    them~lelves will bear their own
    I h l 12:7
    Ih! 10:s
    humiIiation.~
    And You yourselves, 0 moun~ ~ 1 125:0
    -r
    .1dhl' 49:lT tains of Ismel, will give forth YOUR very own
    i\tn 3:ll
    boughs and bear vom own fruitage for my
    rPn 67:8
    proplc!
    Isra~l,tfor they h ~ v edrawn near to the
    I M I r~m.3
    t I 1 u : ;,:7 point of coming in." '' For here I am in favor of
    II[.UU 2.:<
    V A - ~:c:n
    YOLT and I shall certainly turn toward yowrV
    Kcv F:?3
    and row wilI actually he cultivated and sown
    yHo 2328 with 6 d . Y l o h d I will multiply upon YOU
    ITUE 220
    humankind,O the whole hause of Ismel, all of
    a Jcr a 1 8 it," and the cities will certainly become in'Jer =:12 llablted,' and the devastated places themdves
    Zcc 8:4
    cIsn 5l:3 will be rebuilt,'
    Yes, I will multiply upon aou
    I.<nSY19
    ;urt tl!.L
    hurnnnkfndc
    and
    animalkind," and they will
    .\I1"?:I,$
    Ancr 31:cert~inlytnultipfy and become fruitful, and I
    Sco Eee!zial 12:33, .foolmote n. "NSonl?y31 neph'esh; K T X ,
    ps!,.ckniP; Vg, a'rni.,ntrtt, Or,
    M, adnrrm',
    .'i

    135

    s h d actualIy cause YOU t o be inhabited as in


    YOUR former conditionb and I will do more good O
    EC
    7;y 1
    than in YOUR initial state;* and YOU will have t o
    know that 1 am Jehovah.@la And upon YOU I;;::%
    ;,;
    shall actually cause humankind& to walk, even Joe 3:17
    my people Israel, and they must take possession
    of
    and YOU^ must become a hereditary "F
    f: M
    possession t o themm and youbwill not bereave* ~',";fg;1.
    I
    them again of any more children.' "
    13 "This is what the Lord JehovahC has said,
    'For the reason that there are those saying to
    YOU: "A devourer of humankind- is what you
    yourself are, and [a land] bereaving your nations of children is what you have become," 'k k h 9:15
    l4 'therefore humankind& you will no more deand your nations you will no more be- nP$?$;g
    reave of children,'eris the utterance of the Lord rF;; $&
    ;!
    Jehovah." 'And I shall cause no further Eze19;6
    humiliating talk by the nations to be heard concerning you,s and repr~achby peoples you will
    %;&
    bear no rnore,t and your nations you will no E;$?irn
    more cause to stumble,' is the utterance of t h e t28$;;;
    ;?ED 2:3
    Lord Jehovahqnc
    15 And t h e word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: "Son of man, the house t%;igg
    of Israel are dwelIing upon their soil, and they ~~;y::p
    keep making it unclean with their way and J e r 2 : ~
    with their dealings." Like the mcleamess of %: %:IS
    menstruation their way has become before memv%
    , ", &!:

    +z;$:'g '

    Or, L'men."M, a.dnmt. b "I7ou,'"in tho plural nnmbw, L X X S g ;


    '<Jwu,"in the singular number, hWgT. See Ezekiel 12 : 10, footnote a. d Or, literally, "and one," the pronoun being i~
    the feminine
    gender because of referring to the land, which, in Hebsem, is feminine i n gender. I n Terses 13,14 t h e ~ingularnumber, second-person
    pronoun (you, your) i a in the feminine gender, addressed to the
    land. e "Bereave of children," MmarglnLXXVgSy and many Hebrew manuscripta; "no more cause to atamble: 11.

    And I shall pour out my rage upon them on


    account of the blood that they have poured out
    upon the land,Y which [land] they have made
    unclean with their dungy idols.2 And 1 shall
    scatter them among the nations, so that they
    will be dispersed among the lands.* Accordling
    to their way and according to their dealings I
    shalI have to judge them? z P A n d they& will
    come in t o the nations where they will have t o
    come in, and peopleh will profane my holy name
    in saying with reference to
    'These are
    the people of Jehovah and from his land they
    have gone out.14 21 And I shall have compassion
    on my holy name, which the house of Israel
    have profaned among the nations where they
    have come in.'"
    22 "Therefore say to the house of Israel, 'This
    is what the Lord Jehovah has said: "Not f o r
    YOUR sakes am I doing [it], 0 house of Israel,
    but for my holy name, which YOU have profaned among the nations where YOU have come
    in." 'a 2uAnd I shall certainIy sanctify my great
    name," which was being profaned among the
    nations, which YOU profaned in the midst of
    them; and the nations will have t o know that
    I: am Jehovah,jk is the u.tterance of the Lord
    Jehovah, 'when I am sanctified among YOU before their eyes.n And I shall certainly take
    YOU out of the nations and coIlect YOU together
    out of all t h e lands and bring YOU in upon YOUR
    soil,' 26 And I will sprinkle upon YOU clean water, and YOU will become clean;a from all YOUR
    irnpuritiest and from a11 YOUR dungy idols I
    shall cleanse
    2a And I will give YOU a new
    IS

    ~ 3 3314 9
    Isa 4!2:25
    Eze IC1:3e
    aEze 23:37

    'Le 2698
    De 28:64
    Eze 22%
    oEze -3
    I30 m:2a

    AIsn

    52:5

    Ro 2:24

    INu 14:16
    JOS 7:9

    'Ps 7428
    Isa 48!9
    Eze m9

    ":;

    EZEKIEL 36 :l a 2 6

    *De 7:T
    Dc 9:5

    1's 106:s
    TS4&10
    Isa 5:16
    l-:m 20,11

    lcPs 102:iE
    nEze 28:2;
    I ' D ~30 3
    Ps 1073
    Isa 43 5
    Yer 23:3
    Eze 3213
    Hv 1111
    sSu 19:13
    W 51:7
    Heb 3' 14

    Heb 10:22
    tIsa 4:4
    J e r 93.8
    1Co 6 11

    1Jo 1:7
    uEse 6:4
    a

    "They," some Hebrew manuscripta and L W g S y T ; "he? m,


    31. "Literally,
    "they)" N.

    "it,"

    137
    D e 30%
    heart,v and a new spkit I shall put inside YOU,^ vJer
    32:39
    51:10
    and I will take away the heart of stone from YPS
    Ek 7:8
    Eze 3 2 3 3
    YOUR flesh and give YOU a heart of flesh.flr And PZCC
    212
    Zco
    3:3
    my spirit I shall put inside YOU,* and I shall
    *Isa 44:3
    certainly act so that in my regulations YOU will Joe 2 2 8
    walk," and my judicia1 decisions YOU will keep DJer 31:33
    3724
    and actually carry out? 28 And YOU wiIl certain- AEze
    Ga 5:16
    ly dwell in the land that I gave t o YOUR forefathers,O and YOU must kcome my people and I4Eze 28%
    '+Jer30:22
    I myself shall become YOUR God.'"*
    29 " 'And I shal certainly save YOU from all I
    YOUR impuritieso and call to the grafnand make @Mt 1:21
    it abound, and I shall put upon YOU no famine." xPS 33:19
    And I shall certainly make the fruitage of the
    tree abound, and the produce of t h e field, in order that YOU may no more receive among t h e
    3457
    n~tionsthe reproach of famine." And YOU *Eke
    Joe 2:17
    wiU be bound to remember vom bad ways and
    9:6
    YOUR dealings that were not good,k and YOU kEzr
    Ne 9:28
    51:B
    will be bound t o feel a loathing at YOUR awn Jer
    h e 6:9
    person on account of YOUR errors and on ac&5
    count of YOUR detestable things." ""Not for nIsa
    Zec 12:16
    rDe
    8:s
    YOUR sakes am I doing [thislltPis the utterance Da 9:19
    of the Lord J e h ~ v a h 'let
    , ~ it be known to YOU.
    Be ashamed and feel humiliation because of
    aEze 16:63
    YOUR ways, 0 house of Israel.'s
    Ro 6:21
    33 "This is what the Lord: Jehovah has said,
    'In the day of m y cleansing You from all TOUR
    emrs I tvill also cause the cities to be inhab8:g
    itedt and the devastated places must be rebuilt." tZec
    uIsa 58:Z
    Jer 33:lQ
    s 4 And the desolated land itself will be cultiAm 9:14
    vated, whereas it had become a desolate waste
    36:Zl
    before the eyes of every passer-bymv And peo- v2Ch
    Jer 2 2 9
    ple will certainly say: 'That land yonder that
    j5

    "God."' M, 6,Z.o.hid.

    b See

    EzeXeI 12:10, footnote a.

    EZEKIEL 36 :36-37: 4

    was laid desolate has become like the gardens


    of E'deqDY and t h e cities that were a waste and
    G e 13:10 that were laid desolate and that were torn down
    ZISafl:3 are fortified; they have become inhabited,""
    as And the nations that will be left remaining
    round about YOU will have to know that I my*g;ey+\hself, Jehovah, have built the things torn dam,'
    have planted what has been laid desolate. I
    $pjf Imyself,
    Jehovah, have spoken and I have done

    woe
    > - ~22:s
    e3

    ONu 23:19
    Eze 22:14

    cit1 '''

    37 "This is what the Lord Jehovah has said,


    'This is what I shall yet let myself be searched
    for by the house of Israel to do for them:' I
    A$;\$$T
    shall multiply them like a flock with men.bQ
    ;;;,~;;;2
    z e c 13:8 38 Like a flock of hoIy persons, like the flock of
    MC 7:7
    4:ze 3G:lO Jerusalem in her festal seasons,' thus the cities
    .bx 23:17
    uo1fi:le that had been a waste will become full of a Rock
    of men;" and pmple will have to know that I
    am Jehovah.' "
    "g;sg
    Joh 10:16
    The hand of Jehovah proved to be upon
    I:,
    me," and he proceeded to bring me forth
    *Eze 3:14 i
    n
    the
    spiritc
    of Jehovah" and to make me rest
    R e 1'10
    i
    n
    the
    midst:
    of
    the valley plain," and it was full
    k;Ig&;~
    Lu 4:1
    of
    bones."
    And
    he had me pass dong by them
    Ac 8:30
    nna12:2 alI round about, and, Iook? there were very
    R e 11:s
    many on the surface of the vaIIey plain and,
    rP9 14:7 look! they were very drytr a And he began to
    eDe 32:39 say t o me: "Son of man, c a n these bones come
    :2a%k to life?" And I proceeded t o say: "Lord Jehovahld you yourself well know."& And he went
    &yb?,; on t o say to me: "Prophesy over these bones,

    z($87::&

    , ,a

    37

    "The gnrden.'",
    gon; Sy, "the parndisen (pas.&.d'sa). b OT,
    SLImmankind."35> a.dnm'. C "Spirit," If, ru'ahk. See Hmesis 1: 2,
    footnote d. d "Lord Jehovah." M, A.do.?kray~*I~o.wih';
    LnA,
    1-y'ri.8 Kytri.e; Luther German, xerr Herr.

    EZEKIEL 37 :12-19

    139'
    and you must say to them, '0 You dry bones,
    hear the word of J e h ~ v a h : ~

    "

    I
    uaoh 5:25

    'This is what the Lord Jehovah has said

    to these bones: "Here I wn bringing into YOU


    breath,&and you must come to life.Y And I V,G,ef;z:,
    will put upon YOU sinews and cause to come 158.26:19
    upon YOU flesh and I will overlay upon YOU skin
    and put in YOU breath,a and YOU must come t o
    1ife;Y and YOU wilI have to know that I am

    TReTk1l

    zrsa 49%
    Jeh0vat.l." ' "n
    Joe 237
    7 And I prophesied just as I had been commanded.' And a sound began t o occur as soon *Jer26:8
    as I prophesied," and here there was a rattling "*c 2:2
    and bones began to approach, bone t o its bone,
    a And I saw, and, look! upon them sinews themselves and flesh itself came up and skin began
    t o be overlaid upon them above. But as regards
    breath," there was none in them.
    9 And he went on saying to me: "Prophesy
    t o the wind.b Prophesy, 0 son of man, and you
    must say t o the wind,b 'This is what the Lord
    Jehovah has said: "From the four w h d s come
    in, 0 wind,bAand blow upon these killedm pes- ?:,42!
    m ~ 24:9
    t
    ple, that they may come to life."' "O
    Re 11:7
    10 And I prophesied just as he had corn- qJ","h?$%2
    manded me, and the breath&proceeded to come
    into them, and they began t o live and stand
    upon their feet,' a very, very great military +ps IQ4:30
    GRE 9:7
    force.@
    11 And he went on to say t o me: "Son of
    man, as regards these bones, they are the whole
    house sf Israel." Here they are saying, 'Our +geg3&
    bones have become dry, and our hope has E:gjp

    "Breath," N, rlctah7~. See Genesis 1 : 2, footnote d.


    Myrt4'ahhi See Genesis 1 : 2, footnote d.
    a

    "Wind."

    perished.' We have been cut off, as respects


    ourselves.'" l a Therefore prophesy, and you
    e
    a1,4,ZT
    lsa 4 9 : ~ must say t o them, 'This is what the Lord JehokRe 11:8
    vah has said: "Here I am opening YOUR burial
    places and I will bring YOU up out of YOUR
    burial places," O my people, and bring You in
    ":,","g;,1,9
    110 6:Z
    upon
    t h e soil of 1srael.r l a And YOU will have t o
    730 113:14
    Refl:ll
    know
    that I: rn Jehovah when I open YOUR
    rp:m %:24
    b i n ?I 1 1
    LluriaI places and when I bring YOU up out of
    9Ps 326:a YOUR burial places, O my people."
    " 'And I
    Eze 3 2 6
    will put my spirit8 in YOU, and YOU must come
    tp,"P3,2i&t o life: and I will settle YOU upon YOUR soil; and
    Joe 2%
    YOU wilI have to know that I myself, Jehovah,
    ZCC 12:lO
    nt 2.17 have spoken and T have done [it],"is t h e utterrlEze 17:24 ance Of Jehovah.""
    Eze 22:14
    31:36
    15 And t h e word of Jehovah continued to
    occur to me, saying: IB "And as for you, 0 son
    17:2
    of man, take for yourself a stickv and write upon
    1'2Ch 10'17 ,
    Judahy and for the sons of Israel his
    k 2 ~ h11:i7 ~ t 'For
    partners.'b"
    And take another stick and write
    g: i:iyl
    it, 'For Josepk,O the stick of EVphra.irn,*
    :F;,?fil2:20
    ;i6 upon
    and a11the house of Israel his partners.'bc And
    D l K l lk31
    2cnlo:la cause them to approach each ather into m e
    stick far yourself, and they will actually become
    just
    one in your handmA
    l%d when the sons of
    I@A
    3A3
    your people begin to say t o you, 'Will you not
    OEZel2;D te1I us what these things mean t o you?'qlo
    speak
    to them, 'This is what the Lord Jehovah has
    said: "Here I a m taking the stick of Joseph,
    which is in the hand of EE'phra.im,and the
    tribes of IsraeI his partners: and I will put
    them upon it, that is,c the stick of Judah, and
    +3;220::Ifshall
    4 actually make them one stick,' and they
    #2$&?b12

    "

    8se veme 1, footnote c, 4'Partnem;' NmarginLXXTgSyT ;


    "partner? M. 'That is." Or, "with?
    a

    EZEKIEL 37:20-26

    140

    mwt become one in my hand." BoAndthe


    sticks upon which you write must prove t o be
    in your hand before their eyes."
    2 1 "And speak to them, 'This b what the
    Lord Jehovah8 has said: "Here I am taking the
    sons of Israel from among the nations t o which
    '@

    them a covenant of peace-iban indefinitely lasting covenant i s what there will come to be with
    xJer 50:4
    '"J",",$;f,,
    f hem.* Ancl I will place them and multipIy them*
    G:"",P ;;?;
    and place my sanctuary in the midst of them to
    zec 6:5
    time indefinite.' 2 7 And my tabernacle will aclleb 6:14
    -Le ze:i1 haalIy prove t o be over them," and I shall cerZec 2.5
    2 ~ C;:le
    0
    tainly become their God,a and they themselves
    will become my peop1e.k Z s And the nations will
    :?.",$<2
    e2;1$?"1ave to lrnow that I, Jehovah," am sanctifying
    Israel when my sanctuary comes to be in t h e
    1;2e77;:t3
    ~;g;~
    rr,e20.9
    midst
    of them to time indefinite." ' "r
    doh 17:17
    ge;$;B
    I T h 5:23
    Am 9:14
    And the word of Jehovah continued to
    Mic 7+32
    cIsa 11:13
    occur t o me, saying: "Son of man, set
    I
    20:8
    your face against Gop [of] the land of Mat~ G 10:2
    lllm
    P
    gogYbtthe head chieftainc of Me'shech" and
    n2;1;0
    E7.e =:26 TU'ba1,V and prophesy against him. And you
    ?&;tn5
    VISR
    6639
    m13 must say, 'This is what the Lord Jehovahd has
    2 :$is
    rIsa 218
    said: "Here I am against you, 0 Gog, you head
    yEze 39:l chieftainc of Me'shech and Tu'ba1.Y 4'AndI shall
    g:$iM
    gy&:;2
    certainly turm you around and put hooks in
    Eze 3 6 : ~ ~
    Heb 9:14
    your jaws" and bring you forth with all your
    "!tji$p
    tCj;rl;j;B
    horses and h o r ~ e m e n ,a~
    11 of
    ; ~ ~ ~mil
    ~ita
    : ryj force,"
    ~
    AEze m12
    U $ ~ g g 8
    them clothed in perfect taste," a numerous con;i571
    QJcr 46:9 gregation, with large shield and buckler, all of
    J O lo:ls
    ~
    +
    yJer 3 2 : ~ ~
    ~ ~ ~ them
    ~ ~ handling
    : : ~ s wo o r d s ; ~ P e r s i a , E.thi.o'pi.aeB
    and
    Put"
    with
    them,
    all
    of
    tkem
    with
    buckler
    "?,"&?
    I
    *GO lo:a
    Go'meF
    and
    all
    its
    bands,
    the
    and
    helmet;
    q
    ,:,
    wD13:ll

    they have gone, and I iviI1 collect them together


    from round about and bring them onto their
    mil.* eB And I shall actually make them one
    nation h the land,k an the mountains of Israel,
    and one king i s what a11 of them will come to
    have as king," and they will no longer continue
    t o be two nations, nor will they be divided any
    longer into two kingdoms. e3 And they will no
    longer defile themselves with their dungy idols
    and with their disgusting things and with aIl
    their transgressions;rand I shall certainly save
    them from all their dwelling placesb in which
    t h e y have sinned, and 9 will cleanse them,s and
    they must become my people, and I myself shall
    became their God,ct
    24 " ' "And my servant David will be king
    over thern,u and one shepherd is what they will
    all come to have,v and in my judicial decisions
    ;
    they will walk and my statutes they wiU keep, I
    and they will certainly carry them o u V And
    they will actually dwell upon the land that I
    gave to m y servant, l a Jacob, in which YOUR ZJer30:3
    forefathers dweIt,a and they will actually dwell
    $8i;5
    upon it,' they and their sons and their sons' *FEZ:
    glsa 60:21
    sons t o time indefinite," and David my servant
    Zec 6:12
    wflI be their chieftaind t o time indefinite.*
    Lu 1:32
    26 " ' "And I shall certainly conclude with ;Tf"&,;?kM
    See EzekieI 12:10, footnote a. b LXX, "aeta of Iawlessnessw;

    ::::"I;$

    Sympma.ahus {Greek), "rtpostaaies." e"C+od." 31, EE.o.himP.a 0 i ;


    "na'si." M, aa.si'; ZXX,ar'kkopa; Vg, prin'csps.

    34:25

    38

    'rG~d.3
    ' f1,EI.o.himl, biiGog [of] the land of Ma'gog," MT; "Gag
    and the land of Ma'gog:' LXX; "Gog, the lsnd of RZa'gogl' 'lrg;
    "Gog and against the land o f Eatgog,"' Sy. "Nn'gog" is the artificial form equivalent t o "horne of Gog," according t o Lexicon i+t
    F e t e ~ i sT e s t u m a ~ t iLibros, by Koehler and Baumgartner (19.53).
    GUHead chieftain,'' X. Or, ''chieftain of Rosh." But L X X , rider
    of RBs"; Vg, "prince of t h o head"; Sy, "leader nnd head!' d See
    Eeekiol 12 : 10, footnote a, e r'E.thi.dpi.a." M, Cu8h; LXXJ7g,
    "E.thi.o'pi.ans."
    a

    1,

    house of To.gar'mahJk [of] the remotest p a ~ kghlf;z


    s
    of the north, and all its bands, many peoples Eze27:14
    m ~ 392
    ~ e
    with you."
    7 " ' "Be ready and let there be preparation
    on your part, you and all your congregation,
    those congregated alongside
    and you must nis
    fiQ3
    Joe 3:9
    become their guard.
    8 " ' "After many days you will be given
    atbenti~n,~
    In the f i n d parts of t h e years you r;f,";;;p
    will come to the Iandt [of people] brought back a$tr$;29
    from the sword,^ collected together out of many tXsa 66:s
    p e ~ p l e s ,onto
    ~
    the mountains of Israel,y that $'\:1"??
    have proved t o be a devastated place for a Iong v$f2:f
    time;" even [a landla that has been brought Y z F z ; ;
    forth from the pesples, [where] they have dweIt
    in security, dl of them.' And you will be bound *Jer
    t o come up.' Like a storm you will come in? :zgiil
    Like clouds to cover the land you wilI becorne,"PJr4:13
    you and all your bands and many peoples with
    YOU.

    " 'a

    10 "This is what the Lord Jehovahb has said,


    'And it must occur in that day that things will
    come up into your head," and you will certainly

    QIsa8:D

    "R%:"a,

    think up an injurious scheme;* and you must 2; +!!!:


    say: "I shall go up against the Iand of open 'p'p" g '
    rural c ~ u n t r yI. ~shall come in upon those hav- ,%',"&19
    ing no disturbance,n dwelling in semrity,T all ,
    ,
    I
    ;
    ;fij,24
    of them dweIIing without wall,fland they do not 22 $;i6
    have even bar and doors,"c '"It will be to get :'p'.:?f3
    a big spoilU and to do much plundering,v in ~ J e r 3 0 : ~
    order to turn your hand back upon devastated
    places =inhabitedz and upon a people gathered zilF gg
    aC'Even [a land]." Literally, ('and it," N; the pronoun "it," herorer, being in the feminine gender, t o refer to 'land" (femhine)
    in t h e same verse. b See Ezekiel 12: 10, footnote a.

    *zeclo:s

    :E;" h a !l:e

    wg 9.37

    together out of t h e nations,* that is accumdating wealth and property," who are dwelling in
    t h e centerd of the earth.

    13 'She'bab and De'dan* and the merchants


    of Tar'shish" and all its maned young lionsxthey will say to you: "Is it to get a big spoil
    @;,~:O;T that
    you are corning in? IS it to do much plundering that you have congregated your congregation, in order t o carry off silver and gold, to
    take wealth and property, to get a very great
    spoil?"'
    14 "Therefore prophesy, 0 son of man, and
    Icne
    you must say t o GO^,^ 'This is what the Lord
    Jehovah has said: "Will it not be in that day
    when my peopIe Israel are drvdling in security
    that
    you will know [it] ?ll And you will cer2"; %&
    tainly
    come from your place, from the remotest
    ;,","pis
    rk@ 3 9 5 parts of the north,' you and many peoples with
    you, all of them riding on horses, a great con~ " " e m : 6 gregation, even a numerous military forceas
    Joe 3:2
    P'" 3:s
    l o And you will be bound to come up against any
    Xcc f2:2
    people Israel, like clouds to cover the land."
    E&ji%
    '""=:9
    the final part af the days it will accurPuand I
    u h n 2:2
    shall certainly bring you against my land, f o r
    the purpose that the nations may know me
    when I sanctify myself in you before their eyes,
    v2Kf 19:19 0 Gag," 'v
    Ps 83:18
    31t 63623
    Eze
    3
    17 "This is what the Lord Jehovahb has said,
    'Are you the same one of whom I spoke in the
    former days by t h e hand of m y servants the
    prophets of Israel, who were prophesying in
    to bringing you in upon
    Y
    ~
    ~ those
    \
    ~ days-years-as
    i
    ~
    Jer 50:31 them ? py
    Ro 9:17

    :g;$y::fi

    I'

    5z;;;:;:

    Or, litarnlly,

    ' h ~ ~ e l , "M.

    See Ezekiel 12:10, footnote a.

    145

    ., ,

    18 I' 'And it must occur in that day, in the


    day when Gog comes in upon the soil of Israel,'
    is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah,a 'that my Na1:2
    Heb 12:&
    rage wiU come up into m y nosemaID And in my *p%g
    ardor,' in the fire of my fury, I shalI have to UPS 78:2i
    3.16
    speak.u Surely in that day a great quaking will Adoe
    11, i 6
    occur in t h e soilb of Israel.& And because of
    me the fishmof the sea and the flying creatures czep 1:3
    of the heavens and the wild beasts of the field
    and all the creeping things that are creeping on
    the ground and all mankind" that are upon the
    surface of the ground will be bound t o quake,O OHo4:s
    and the mountains will actually be thrown
    down* and the steep ways will have to falllm
    and to the earth every wall itself wilI fall.'
    fg;;$:g
    21 " 'And I shaU certainly call forth against *$z7i:220
    him throughout all my mountainous region a :E~T$~
    sword,' is the uttemce of the Lord Jehovah."
    'Against his own brother the sword of each one kJer 25:31
    will come to be.* And I shall certainly bring pg,"22i?
    myself into judgmentk with him, with pesti- "Es"l::&
    lencen and with blood;' and a flooding downpour J',"ai%&
    and hailstones,s fir$ and sulphurO I shall rain ?pa2;i
    down upon himu and upon his bands and upon
    the many peoples that will be with him. And JPS I11:~
    I: shall certainly magnify myself and sanctify
    3 ~ 3
    myselfPand make myself known before the eyes
    of many nations; and they will have t o know
    ypa o:16
    that I am Jehovah.'~
    B e 6:13
    "And as regards you, 0 son of man,
    %:2
    prophesy against Gog,Z and you must
    say, 'This is what the Lord Jehovah has said:
    "Here I am against you, 0 Gog,you head chief-

    39

    See Ezekiel 12: 10, footnote a. b Or, "g;r~und.~


    M,
    Or, "earthling men." H,ha+a.damt.

    orada.wtaaAP,

    EZEKIEL 39 :2 - 4

    b i n of Metshecha* and T ~ ' b d . And


    ~ I will turn
    YOU around and lead you onA and cause you to
    come up from the remotest parts of the northv
    Da 11:41 and bring you. in upon the mountains of Israel.
    And I will strike your bow out of your left
    'Ps 4 ~ 9 hand,+and your arrows I shall cause to fall out
    P S 7F:3
    ~o 1:s
    of your own right h a d . @ On the mountains of
    BJer 21x3
    Israel you will fall, you and alI your bands and
    the peoples that will be with you. To birds of
    m ~ o ~ l :prey,
    l ~ birds3 of every sort of wing, and the wild
    beasts
    of the field I will give you for food." '"
    *pee$$ 5 " 'Upon
    the surface of the field you will
    *Jer8:2
    Jer 22:19 falII# for I myself have spoken,' is the utterance
    ~ z 3z:4
    e
    of the Lord Jehovah.
    kNa 3:s
    6 " 'And I mill send fire upon Ma'gogbk and
    2Pe 3:7
    upon those who are inhabiting the islands in
    and people will have to know that I
    n;frsa
    i8;g;o66:rs m Jehovah,
    And my holy name I shall make
    Jer X:22
    zep Z:II known in the midst of my people Israel, and I
    r$d$629' shalI no more let m y holy name be pro.faned;P
    and the nations will have to know that I am
    ;Ei@,F$"ehhoah,s
    t i e Holy One in IsraeL'Ct
    8 " Xook! It must come and it must be
    brought to b e , ' ~is the utterance of the Lord
    U.~$$O
    lG:17 J e h o ~ a h .'Tl~is
    ~
    is the day of which I have
    v2Pe 3:10 spokenbY And the inhabitants of the cities of
    ~ ' I m m 2 4 Israel will certainly go forthy and burn and
    build fires with the armor and bucklers and
    large shields,-with the bows and with the
    arrows and with the handstaves and with the
    a Or, 'YOU
    ohieftain of Rosh, Me'shefih." LXX, "ruler of Rosh,

    *%!
    62:;i
    "1.a 66:m

    Eze 27.13

    JIetshech"; TgJ "head prince of Me'shech"; Sy, 'leader ~ n head


    d
    of Me'shech"; T, ('the head great one [rub] of Me'shech?' " ' M e J go&' MTgSjrT ; "Gag," LSX. According to Lexico?t i~
    Teteris
    Testamskfi Libras, by K~dehlerand Baumgartnsr, "Ma'gog" is the
    artificial f o r m equivalent ta "home of (Tog." c Or, "I, Jehovah, am
    holy in Israel.') fl See Ezekiel 12: 10, footnote a.

    EZEKIEL 39:lO-15

    147

    146

    lances;= and with them they wiIl have to light


    fires seven years. lo
    h d they will not carry
    sticks of wood from the field, nor will they
    gather firewood out of the forests, for with the
    armor they will light fires.'
    " 'And they will certainly make spoiI of those
    who had been making spoil of them,' and plunder those who had been plundering them,' is
    the utterance of the Lord Jehovah,
    I1 "'And it must occur in that day that I
    shall give to Gogo a place there," a b u r i d place
    in Israel, the valley of those passing through
    on the east of the sea,? and i t b wiU be stopping
    up those passing through. And there they will
    have to bury Gog and all his crowd, and they
    wiU be certain t o call [it] the Valley of Gog's
    Crowd.ct And those of the house of Israel will
    have t o bury them for the purpose of cleansing
    the land, for seven months? laAnd all the people
    of the land wjll have to do t h e burying, and it
    wiIl certainly become for them a matter of fame
    in the day that I glorify myself,'* is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah.
    14 " 'And there will be mend far continual
    [ernpIoyment] whom they will divide off, passing aIong through the land, burying, with those
    passing t h r ~ u g h those
    ,~
    left remaining on t h e
    surface of the earth, in order to cleanse it.k To
    the end of seven months they will keep making
    search. l6 And those passing through must pass
    along through the land, and should one actually

    z Jos 11:6

    Ps 46:Q

    Zee 9:10

    P'

    see the bone of a mana he must also build beside it a marker, untiI those who do the burying

    will have buried it in the Valley of Gog's


    lB And the name of [the] city will also
    be Ha.motnah.c And they will have to cleanse
    sEze 39:13 the 1and.I~
    17 "And as regards you, 0 son of man, this
    fs what the Lord Jehovah has said, 'Say to the
    birds of every sort of wing and to all the wild
    tIsn 56.9
    beasts of the field :t "Collect yourselves toJcr 12:9
    ZCP i:7
    gether and come. Gather yourselves together
    all around to my sacrifice, which 1 am sacrificing for YOU, a great sacrifice on the mountains
    ~ 1 345
    s ~ of Israel." And YOU will certainly eat Aesh and
    f er 46:lO
    Re 19:17 drink blood.v " The flesh of mighty ones YOU
    vl% 1746
    ~e mi8 will eat,y and t h e blood of the chieftahs of the
    'Eze 29:5
    ;l,~cr ;l:a earth YOU will drink, rams, young male sheep,m
    ~Isa
    P 68:30
    34
    s 7 and he-goats, young bulls," the fatlings of Ba'.
    a e r so:27 shan all of them.* '%d
    YOU will be certain to
    .De 32:14
    PS 2 1 2
    eat fat t o satisfacti~n~
    and t a drink blood to
    Am 4.1
    DRE 19.21 drunkenness, from my sacrifice that I shall actually sacrifice for YOU." '
    hPs 7 6 5
    34:4
    20 '' 'And YOU must get satisfied at my table
    H a g 223
    Rr 19,1rr on horses and chari~teers,~
    mighty persons and
    OI<u 3*16
    ""
    1 , ' : 4 a l l sorts of warriors," iia the utterance of the
    Isa 2G:ll
    Isa 37:?0 Lord Jehovah.*
    Eze 36.23
    21 " 'And I win set my glopy among the na31al 38.23
    Eze
    1:11
    +,R,079;i7tions; and all the nations will have to see my
    F&Sij?,B judgment that 1: have execuM0 and m y hand
    that I have placed among them.' 22 And those
    $:;
    of the house of Israel will have to know that

    1
    *Xsa 14:2
    Isa 3:l
    Hab 2:s
    Zc 2:9
    M?~:P

    Re 18:6

    .''A place there:' 31; "a plnce of name [renom]," LXSVg.


    h "It," in the feminine gendef in the Hehrem text, to refer to
    "valley," aho in the feminine gende~here. Oq "'alley of E[afmonGog." a "Ifen." 31, a.sE.skim'; plural nn~nbero f isl, "With those
    passing through? MT; but omitted by LXXSy.

    EZEKIEL 39 :16-22

    I,

    rEze 3 9 : ~Crowd.br

    $iil

    "A man," h1, ua.dam', b See versa U, footnote c. =Meaning


    '"crowcl"; Ho.mo.ulahr being the feminine f o r m of Hn-~1&6w'in
    veraes U, 15, d Or, 'horsemen," iu agreement with L X X V g S y .
    ('War chariot," Y. Literally, "every man [ish] o f war,', M.
    a

    EZEKIEL 39:23-29

    148

    I, Jehovah, am their Goda from that day and


    s
    forward.@23 And the nations will have t o know ~JerP936
    245'
    Eze
    623
    that it was because of their error that they,
    7:22
    the house of Israel, went into exile,Qon account 'ZCh
    Jer 22:9
    of the fact that they behaved unfaithfully toward
    me,so that I proceeded t~ hide my face from
    31:#
    them* and give them into the hand of their ad- #De
    Ps 1 0 9
    P
    S
    327
    versaries, and they kept falling, all of them, by
    26%
    the sw0rd.k e4 According to their mcIeamess kLe
    De 32:30
    and according t o their transgressions I did with Ps IOrj:41
    2324
    them," and I kept concealing my face from nLe
    Eze 3:19
    them."
    25 "Therefore this is what the Lord Jehovahb
    has said, 'Now is when I: shall bring back
    the captive ones of Jacob' and actually have rJer30:3
    mercy upon all the house of 1srael;a and I will ~2;;::
    show exclusive devotion for my holy narnebt ,g:1,g1
    '%d
    they wiIl have borne their humiliationu uDn 9.16
    and all their unfaithfulness rvith which they
    have acted toward
    when they dwell on vPsg9:B
    their soiI in security,~with no one disturbing,Z
    :;?,eL?;
    27 When I bring them back from the peoples and
    I actually collect them together out of the lands
    of their enemies,* I will also sanctiiy myself * ~ e 2 8 : 2 5
    among them before the eyes of many nation^.'^ uge:;6s
    28 "'And they will have t o know that I,
    Jehovah, am their God,a when I send them in
    exile to the nations and actually bring them
    together upon their sail,&so that I shaI1 leave *g:;f,3a
    none of them remaining there any bnger.O OD;D;;~
    8 9 And I shall no longer conceal my face from
    them,' because I shall certaidy pour out my +ka
    Isaa:~
    spirit upon the house of Israel,'" is the utter- e:","e%24i5
    ance of t h e Lord Jehovah.jlb
    IJO 2.4
    AC
    324
    am Jehovah their God [El.o.lzht]." b Bee Ezekiel 12 : 10,
    Or,
    footnote a,
    a

    EZEKIEL 40:l-6

    149
    QKi 2414
    %
    ,;

    40 Inin the start


    twenty-fifth year
    our exlle,"
    d the year, on
    tenth
    the

    of

    the
    [day] of t h e month, in the fourteenth year after
    the city had been struck down,@on this very
    ~ ~ r 3 8 : zsame day the hand of Jehovah proved to be
    Jer 52'7
    n e 3521 upon me,'< and he proceeded t o bring me t o that
    kEze 1:3
    nEze 8:3 p1ace.n In the visions of God& he brought me
    t o the land of Israel and gradually set me down
    a very high rnountain,r on which there
    P15n2?Un 2 : ~ upon
    ~
    mic4:l
    was something like the structure of a city to
    SR", $
    &;, the south.bs
    3 And he proceeded to bring me there, and,
    look! there was a man.c His appearance was Iike
    1:7
    the appearance of copper,t and there was a flax
    Da 10:s
    Re X : I ~
    cord in his hand, and a measuring reed,u and
    ulsa
    EZP28.17
    4 7 ' 3 he was standing in the gate."
    And the manc
    Zec 2:1
    began t o speak to me: "Son of rnaqeYsee with
    Re II:I
    vEze 2:S
    your eyes, and with your ears hear, and set
    your heart upon all that 1 am showing you,
    because for the purpose of [my]showing you,
    YMt
    you have been brought hwe.Y Tell everythjng
    that you are seeing t o the house of Is:srael."z
    xge
    20:"
    5 And, Ioak! there was a wall outside the
    house all round about.' And in the hand of the
    "zc ~ z ~ z Omanc there was the measuring reed of six
    Re 21:la
    cubits, by a cubit and a handbreadth.f And he
    began to measure the breadth of the thing
    built,g one reed; and the height, one reed,
    6 Then he m e t o the gate, the front of

    : :* z!fl

    31, EE+on7iina'. b OF, Litornardthe Neg'eh," C''Nrn?' N,


    Blr; L X X , ua.rrFfl;Vg, V ~ T . d Or, "gateway," acco~dingto its descliption. "Ahn." AI, a.dalnf; LXX, on'tkro.pos; Vg, h o k ~ o . A
    "cubit and a hatldhrendthJ>~vouldamonnt to about 21 inthe&,which
    ~veuldrepresent the enlarged sanctuary cubit. Hence a ['reed of six
    onbits" would mcasme about fen end n half feet in length. g "Thing
    built.>' M, bila.yrad; L X X , 'Loutor (advance) wall."
    a "God."

    EZEKIEL 40: 7-14

    150

    which is toward the east,O and went up by ik %",h3!!!8


    ze 43:l.
    steps. And he began to measure the threshold EEze
    4:1
    of the gate: one reed in width, and the other =ze 46:2
    threshold, one reed in width. And the guard
    chamber was one reed in length and one reed
    in width, and between the guard chambersd vlmRx
    there were five cubits; and the threshold of
    the gate beside the porch of the gate toward
    the interior was one reed.
    8 And he proceeded to measure the porch of
    the gate toward the interior, one reed. So he
    measured the porch of the gate, eight cubits;
    and its side pillars,&two cubits; and the porch
    of the gate was toward the interior.
    10 And t h e guard chambers of the gate toward the east were three on this side and three
    on that side.' The three of them were of the *Eze40:n
    same measurement, and We side pillarsR were
    of the same measurement, on this side and on
    that side.
    I1 Then he measured the width of the entrance of the gate, ten cubits; the length of the
    gate, thirteen cubits.
    12 And the fenced area in front of the guard
    chambers was one cubit, and there was a fenced
    area of one cubit on [either] side. And the
    guard chamber was six cubits on this side and
    six cubits on that side.
    13 And he went on t o measure the gate from
    t h e roof of the [one] guard chamber to the roof
    %
    ;?;
    of the other, a width of tvventy-five cubits; en- ich 28:6
    Ps 65:4
    trance was across from entrance. l4 Then he1 pr 84:2
    made aide pillars of sixty cubits, even to the
    side pillar [s] of the courtyarde in the gate [s] gE !il,

    ,:,
    z~f
    E2\\?$

    a Or,

    "projections."

    151

    EZEKIEL 40 :15-32

    all ar0und.R la And by the front of the gate of


    the entryway [to] by the front of the porch of
    the inner gate was fifty cubits,
    I6 And there were windows of narrowing
    the guard chambers and for their
    "&5L$$aeframesVor
    side pillars toward the inside of the gate all
    around, and that is t h e way i t was f o r the
    porches. And the windows were aII around toward the inside, and on the side pillars there
    were
    palm-tree figures.*
    ;E
    ' f :gi
    17
    And
    he gradually brought me into the out! ,g 5
    er
    ~
    o
    u
    r
    t
    y a r d ,and,
    ~ look! there were dining
    $;T;a
    kEzc 10:s
    and a pavement made for the courtyard
    Eze 42:l
    H P I I : ~ all around. There were thirty dining rooms
    lalSa 1:9
    I s a s : = upon the pavement. '$And the pavementr a t
    :Ek23ii' the side of the gates was exactly as the length
    :Ef: g;E of the gates-the lower p a ~ e m e n t . ~
    2"h
    NP 1$3X
    331.:u19 And he proceeded t o measure the width
    from in front of the lower gate t o the front of
    ,.iE$&
    P s h 1?:33 the inner courtyard. Outside it was a hundred
    ~2C117.3
    Eze 42:s cubits, t o the east and to the northt
    tEze C0:27
    20 And the outer courtyard had a gate the
    h n t of which was toward t h e north. He measured its length and its width. e'And its guard
    chambers were three on this side and three on
    that side. And its own side pillars and its own
    uEze a. porch proved t o be according t o the measurement
    of the
    first
    gate.u
    Fifty
    cubits was its
    ,
    ~
    e
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ~
    SEze
    length,
    and
    ib
    width
    was
    twenty-five
    in cubits.v
    zlKl 6.29
    I R ~
    63.38 za And its windows and its porchy and its palmIR1 6 : 3 5
    IKI 7:36 tree figuresxwere of the same measurement as
    2Ch 3:5
    p, 92:12 those of the gate t h e front of which is toward
    the east." And by seven steps peopIe could go
    .ge7i$:,
    Thk verse rend~lin L X X : itAnd the open part of the porch of the
    I

    gate on the outside was tventy cubits, the chsmhera of

    being poulld 1lb0ut.l'

    the gate

    EZEKIEL 40;3 2 4 1
    up into it,m and its porch was to their front. mEZe40:x
    23 And the gate of the h e r courtyard mas
    opposite t h e gate t o the north; also [one] to the
    east. And he proceeded to measure from gate
    to gate a hundred cubits."
    Eze 4o:n
    40~9
    24 And he gradually brought me toward the
    southla and, look! there was a gate toward the
    and he measured its side pillars and AEZe46:9
    its porch as of the same measurements as these.
    85 And it and its porch had windows all around,
    like these wind0ws.O Fifty cubits was the Oj$~!&'!l,
    length, and the breadth was twenty-five cubits.' E;: jtzi
    " And there were seven steps f o r going up t o +ge
    ; ; ;4"
    it: and its porch rvas t o their front. And it had SEze 40:zz
    palm-tree figures,"one on this side and one on "2,7:16
    that side on its side pillars.
    27 And t h e inner coumard had a gate toward the southa And he measured from gate
    to gate toward the southa a hundred cubits.# *EZeM:*
    ZB And he gradually brought me into the inner
    courtyardk by the gate of the south.* And he k%4(1:g7
    proceeded to measure the gate of the southa as,
    of the same measurements as t h s e . n ze And its ng:.$::g
    guard charnbersr and its side pillars and its =g~j$:,
    porch were of the same measurements as these. Eze 40:n
    And it and its porch bad windows round about." Sg;g tg!
    Fifty cubits was the length, and the width was
    twenty-five cubitst
    And there were porches tEze 40:a6
    all around; the length was twenty-five cubits,
    and the width five cubits. "I And its porch was
    to the outer courtyard, and palm-tree figures
    were on its side pillars,u and its ascent was uEZsml6
    vEze 40:3C
    eight steps.^
    Eze 40:37
    a "South?' M, dra.vdnt'.
    Verse 30 ia not found in some Hebrew
    manuscripts or in LXXIt, and is considered a dittography of
    veixe 29.

    '

    32 And he gradually brought me into the


    inner courtyard by way of the east, and he prolceeded to measure the gate as of the same
    measurements as these2 s%d its guard chambers and its side pillars and its porch were of
    the same measurements as these, and it and
    its porch had windows all around. The length
    was fifty cubits, and the width twenty-five
    cubits."" And its porch mas toward the outer
    courtyard, and palm-tree figures* were on its
    side pillars on this side and on that side. And
    its ascent was eight steps.o
    35 And he proceeded to bring me Into the
    north gatelb and he measured, with the same
    measurements as these,+ Y G tguard
    ~
    chambers,'
    its side pillars and its porch. And it had windows all around. The length was fifty cubits,
    and the width twenty-five cubits.& And to the
    outer courtyard were its side pillars, and palmtree figures were on its side pilIars on this side
    and on that side." And its ascent was eight steps.
    U l S a 1:9
    1% 9:aa as And a dining room* with its entrance was
    ZKi 23:11 by the side pilIars of the gatea. There it was
    1Ch s:ac
    1Ch 23323
    e whole burnt off ering.k
    1Ch 23:12 that they would ~ i n s the
    ZCh 3 i : l l
    39 And in the porch of the gate there were
    No I@:%
    Jcr 2-52
    lrLe 8:21 two tables on this side and two tables on that
    Heb 1O:ZZ
    side, for slaughtering upon them the whole
    n L e 1:3
    CEx 29:14 burnt offeringn and t h e sin0 offering and the
    rLe 4:3
    s L e 5:6
    guilt ~ffering.~
    40 And on the outer side, as one
    Le 7:l
    Le 18:21
    Nu 6.12 goes up t o the entrance of the north gate, there
    Eze 42:13
    Eze 4439 were two tables. And on the other side that
    belongs t o the porch of the gate there were two
    tables. There were four tables over here and
    four tables over there at the side of the gateeight tables, upon which they would do the

    EZEKIEL 40:42-48

    EZEKIEL 40 :49-41:6

    154

    42 And the four table@ f o r the


    whole burnt offering were af hewnt stone. The k?gg$l
    length was one cubit and a half, and the widtIl
    one cubit and a half, and the height one cubit.
    Upon them they would also deposit the irnptements with which they would slau~;hterthe
    whole burnt offering and the sacrifice. . ' U n d
    the ledges for setting down things n7ereof onc
    handbreadth, firmly fixed an the interior, all
    around; and u p n the tables [they would dcQGe J:S
    posit] the Aesh of the gift ~fferin~?""
    U L C 1:o
    44 And on the outside of the inner gate there k; ;m0
    h ~ ?GI
    s
    were the dining rooms of the singe~s,'fn the vlCh
    651
    inner courtyard, which is on the side of the1 3rl1P.17
    lrlL 15 I 0
    north gate, And their front side was toward the 21q1,5.12
    south. There s v a one on the side of t h e eastd
    gate. The front was toward the north.
    b:/.r 72 : 4:1 ~
    I1:?r
    45 And he proceeded t o speak t o me: "'Shis
    nlq:23
    1
    one, the dining room the front of which 1s to- ;!;?&;;
    ward the south, is for the priests who axe taking
    ~
    care 0%the obligation of t h e h0use.r " h d the YNuL8:83
    3.T
    dining room the front of which is t a w ~ r dthe
    north is for the priests who are taking care of 2Ch T:~:II
    t h e obligation of the altar." They are the sons$;:;=;
    of Za'dok," who, fmm the sons of Le'vl, are * : ~ y ;
    : < : ~1t 2 : ~
    approaching Jehovah to minister to him,"c
    1t.h 2 &::\
    47 And he went measuring the [inner] court- ,~;;1zp
    yard, The length was a hundred cubits, and the NU IG:.LO
    wldth a hundred cubits, foursquare. And the F : ~ c 4.i.15
    4.Kl a:n
    altar was before the house.&
    48 And he proceeded to bring me into the OIK! 8:s
    porch of the house,@and he went measuring the
    $!j1l

    slaughtering.

    z:

    The exact locati~nof these fonr tolllcs at tho north gnto ia not
    atnted. b "They wonla deposit," ST; hut miss in^ frou MVg. a "Gift
    olfcring!' 31, qar.bauf; Tg, ob.lap>i.o.d "Esst," 3IT'gsyT ; "~cruth,"
    LXS.

    side pillar of the porch, five cubits on this side


    and five cublts an that side. And the width of
    the gate was three cubits on this side and three
    cubits an that side.
    49 The length of the porch was hventy
    cubits, and the width elevenn cubits. And by
    steps was how they would go up t o itebAnd
    there were plllar~by the side posts, one ever
    7'3;:',;:;*Jer 52:17 here nncl O ~ OVCIC
    there.'
    And Re proceeded ta hrlng me into the
    Rp
    cmlKSG:2
    temple,cm and he went measuring the
    ZPC 6:l2
    side
    pillars,
    six cublts being the width over here
    ;
    ; I and six cubits
    X ~ 2:21
    the width over there, the width
    lie 25
    d the side pll1nr.d And the width of the en' ~ ~ 2 ~ trance"
    : s
    was fen cubits, and the sides of the enEx zk5'
    1 ~ 1 6 : 3 3 trance werefivecubitsover hereand five cubits
    over there, A n d he went measuring its length,
    forty cubits; and the width, twenty cubits.*
    "h "3:
    And he went inside and proceeded to measure the side pillar of the entrance, t ~ v ocubits;
    and the entrance, six cubits; and the width af
    t h e entrance nras seven cubits. And he went
    measuring i t s length, twenty cubits; and [its]
    !im width, twenty cubits," bbefor~the
    Then
    11s~
    he sajd to me: "This is the Most Woly,"en
    l I C i E:16
    ~ c 9:5
    b
    5 And he proceeded to measure the wall of
    the house, six cubits. And the width of the side
    chamber was four cubits, round about; all
    raff6:5
    around the house it was, mtmd a h u t . r And
    the side chambers were side chamber upon side
    chamber, three [stor~esl,and for thirty times;

    41

    "z

    ''Ele~en?~
    NVgSgT ; "twelve," L X X , LXX rcnde : "And upon
    ten step3 they could go up to it,!' T'g rende: 'Und by eight stepa
    there would be an ascent to it." a i"l'ernplo!' M, hsk.khal'; I,=,
    tm.08'; Tg, tew'plum. d "Bide pillw," by n c m e c t i w of 11; lit&+ally, "tent," M. BLiterally, "the Holy of the Holies," bL
    a

    EZEKIEL 41:7-12

    156

    and they were entering into the wall that belonged to the house, t h a t is, the side chambers
    alI around, in order that they might be held in,
    but they were not held in in the wall of t h e
    house.s And there was a widening out and 8E
    g;2:,g : l l
    turning around upward and upwarda to the side
    chambers, for the winding passage of the house
    was upwasd and upward all amund the h0use.t
    Therefore there was a widening t o the house
    upward, and frombt h e lowest [story] one could
    go up to the uppermost [story], by the middle
    [story 1,
    8 And I saw that there was a high platfomc
    for the house all around, As regards the foundations of the side chambers, there was a full reed
    of six cubits to the joining. The width of the
    wall that belonged t o the side chamber, t o the
    outside, was five cubits. And there was a space
    left openau [by] the construction of t h e side use 4 1 : ~
    chambers that atbelonged to the house.
    10 And between the dining roomsv the width v ? g d;&
    was twenty cubits round about the house, all ;gz&1
    around. " And the entrance of the side cham- ;
    :;2 :
    ber was to t h e space left
    one entrance ;~h;g?dl
    being toward the north and one enhance to the J,, 3 ~ :
    11:9
    south; and the width of the area of the space left
    opend was five cubits, all amund.
    zE!ze 4:15
    12 And the buildfngez that was before the g:;
    separated axea,p* the side [of which] was to- "g::5:i:i
    ward t h e west,s was seventy cubits wide. And
    j;;:!
    atiUpmard and np~asd,'?N.Or, ancording to a sngffested c o r n -

    z;:o

    tion (Koehler and Baumgartner), "from story to story." b 'From:'


    ZSXTgBy; "khus," M. "A high platform." Literally, Na height:'
    or, "eminenoe,"M. d "Space left open!' Y,rnttn.nalalzt. "Buildhg.'?
    11, bds.glant. "Separated area,'' Bf, gb.mk'. "We~t." Literally,
    "sea!' That is, the Hsditerrme~nSea.
    f

    the wall of the buildingm was five cubits in


    width, it being all around; and i& length was
    ninety cubits.
    13 And he measured the house, a hundrd
    cubits
    in length; and the separated areab" and
    "g;; zip t h e buildingaz
    walls, a, hundred cubits
    E;zi;; in length. Andandtheitswidth
    of the front of the
    house and t h e separated areab*ta the east was
    a l~undrcdcubits.
    15 And he measured the Iength of the bulldinga before t h e sepmated areal"hat was be42:s hind it and its galleries"on this side and on that
    side, a hundred cubits.
    Also the templec [and] the lnner placeAand
    :
    4
    the porches of the courtyard; '"the thresholds,
    IIeb 9:3
    +lTri 6:e
    and the windom with narrowing frames,@and
    E r e M:16
    KZQ iD:25 the gallerieso were round about the three of
    W7.e 42:5
    them. In front of the threshold there was paneling of wood all around,+ and [from] the floord
    up to the windows; and the windows were covered ones. l7 To above the entrance and as far
    as the inner house and an the outside and upon
    the whole wall all around, on the inner [house]
    eGe a : ~ and on t h e outside, there were measurements,
    E x 2.7:22
    even carvedCcherubsmand palm-tree figures,"
    1sn .I 1
    with a palm-tree figure between a cherub and a
    cherub, and the cherub had two faces.# l V And
    $2;7;$j
    P ~ 8 0 : l the face of a man* was toward the palm-tree
    Ps 99.1
    E ~ Clo:a
    figure on this side, and the face of a maned
    *IKI
    zch 6:3a
    3:5
    young
    lion was toward t h e palm-tree Agure on
    Ps 92,121
    that side, they being carved on the whole house
    Eze
    a11 around. " From the floor4 to above the en$E$g30
    trance there were carve$ cherubs and palme2$ls
    '"Building.') M, bn'n.ya*t'. b 'Beparafed area." M, gia.tahr. = ''Ternple." M, hhsi.kAraEf; IXX, laa.03'; Tg, tem'pkm. d riFlaor.JtX

    "E;Eze: 2
    ;p
    +Z;10

    ~
    ~

    elf.&,

    Literally, "made," or, L%maught,"X. "A man?$ N, a.&x.na'i


    f

    tree figures, [on] the wall of the ternp1e.a


    21 As for the temple, the doorpost was
    ~ q u a r e d and
    ; ~ [in] front of the sanctuary there k m i 6 : n
    was an appearance Iike the [following] appearance: 2* the wooden altar was three cubits high,
    and its length was two cubits,b and it had its
    corner posts.n And its length and its walls were nz; 7"%;
    of wood. And he proceeded to speak to me: ~ h & f g
    rEx 30:g
    "This is the table that is before Jehovah,"r
    23 And the templec and the sanctuaryqad
    two dows.8 24 And W o door leaves belonged to s
    ~
    the doors, the two being turnable. One door
    had two door leaves, and the other had two
    door leaves. 23 And there were made upon them,
    upon t h e doors of t h e temple,c cherubst and tg!,t:2,9
    m:le
    palm-tree frgures,~like those made for the
    walk, and there was a canopy of wood over the
    front of the porch outside. "And there were
    windows of namwing framesv and palm-tree ~~~~&
    figures over here and over there along the sides Eze 41:16
    of the porch and the side chambers of the house
    and the canopies.
    And he gradually brought me forthy t o
    the outer courtyarde by the way toward
    t h e n0rth.Z And he proceeded to bring me t o " e $ ? o
    the dining-roomm [block] that was in front of mEe42:13

    42

    Y
    E
    :;
    !

    0111M the Hebrew expression for '"the temple7) (h&kei.khml') is


    marked with one of tho 15 extraordinary points {IS p11ncta extraordinarirr) of the Sopherim (or scribes), to he understood as a mark
    of oriticism, a d is evidently here meant t o indicate that "the ternpie" x-as repeated here by mistake, because the next sentence begine
    with this enme expression. For the first of these 15 puncta sxtaoordinaria see Genesis 16 : 5, footnote b. b Hem L X X ad&: "and the
    d d l h was two cubits.,' C "Temple?' b1, hsi.khLr; L I X ) tlo.os'j
    Tg, tem'plunz. di'Ssnkary," XI, qo'desh; L X X , hatginon; Vg,
    sawc.t~4.a'ri.um. rn"The outer courtyard," AfLXXAVgSyT; "the
    inncr courtyard," LIYXHB.

    the separated areaa* and that was in front of


    the
    buildingbuto the north. Before the length
    $;;
    Eze42113 of a hundred cubits there was t h e north ennEze 41:12
    Eze 4 1 : ~trance, and the width svas fifty cubits. In front
    Eze 42:10
    of the twenty [cubits] that belonged t o the
    inner courtyardAand in front of the pavemento
    :f6;4,$10
    ~ ~ e m 1that
    8
    belonged tn the outer courtyard these was
    *Ezo41:le 61alIery' opposite gallery in three [stories].
    And before the dining rooms there was a walk" ~ ~ " 2 : 1 1 way ten cubits in width to t h e i n ~ i d e a
    , ~way
    of
    one
    cubit,c
    and
    their
    entrances
    were
    to the
    ~
    :
    ~
    ~
    north.
    And as for the dining rooms, the uppermost ones were shorter, far the galleries took
    away from them,more than the lowest ones and
    than the middle ones, as regards [the] buildT o r they were in three stories," and they
    *kye'&ing.b
    had no pilIars like the pillars of the courtyards. That is why more room was taken away
    than from the lowest ones and from the middle
    ones from the floor.
    7 And the stone wall that atwas outside was
    close by the dining rooms toward the outer courtyard before the [other] dining rooms. Its length
    was fifty cubits. a For the length d the dining
    rooms that were toward the outer courtyard
    was fifty cubits, and, look! before the temple it
    was a hundred cubits. %d from below these
    dining rooms the entryway was t o the east, when
    one comes in to them from the outer courtyard.
    10 In t h e width of the stone wall of the courtyard toward the east, before the separated
    areaam and before the buildingTbthere were
    "gee::%
    *ne42:1 dining rooms.* l1 And there was a way before

    *%j:ii$

    a "Sep~ratedarea.'j M, giz.rahr, b 'Building." N, 6i~~2.y


    m', c "A
    wny o f one cubit? MVgT ; '"md) the length was a hundred cubits,"
    L X X S y.

    EZEKIEL 42 :12-16

    160

    EZEKIEL 42:1 7 4 3:3

    161

    them like the appearance of the dining rooms


    that were toward the north? so their length k=e42:4
    was [and] so their width was; and all their
    exits [were alike], and their plans alike and
    their entrances dike. lX And like the entrances
    of the dining rooms that were toward the south
    was the entrance at t h e head of the way, the
    way before the corresponding stone wall toward
    nEze 429
    the east, when one comes in to themVn
    I3 And he proceeded to say to me: "The dining rooms of the north' [and] the dining rooms me 4a:l
    of the south" that are before the separated areafat ;ge gig
    they aye the holy dining roorns,b where the g;=i;;;;
    priestsUwho are approaching Jehovah eat the Eze 42:1
    most holy things.v There they deposit the most
    15'":
    holy things and t h e grain offering and the sin g;2&:46
    offering and the guilt ofiring, because the place v,L,Cz::$i
    is h01y.y l4 When they, the piiests, have come in, k;
    they will not also go out fromthe sanctuaryCto
    the outer courtyard, but there they will deposit y k ; ;i39
    their garments in which they customarily min- N~ 13:5
    ister,z for they a r e something holy. They will eg$iF
    clothe themselves with other garments,* and Le8:13
    Eze 4k19
    must approach t o what has t o do with the *Isa61:10

    :El,

    eu;eu2;lg:y0

    people."
    15 And he finished the measurements of the
    inner house, and he brought me out by the way
    of the gate the front of which was toward the
    n h e 405
    east,nand he measured it all around.
    16 He measured the eastern sided with the
    measuring reed. It was five hundred reeds,e by AEze 40:s
    the measuring reed: round about.
    E e 45:2
    Eze
    42:~)
    a"Sepsrated area." M, gia.s.ala'. Or, "tho dining rooma o f the
    smctuary."' fSee L X X . Ci+Sanetuary!" M, qordesh; L X X , kotgi+otn.
    d "Side." Literdly, "mind." BITj ru'ahh;
    Trg, ven'tzss. "Reeds,"
    M'C'gSpT; omitted by ZXX.

    17 He measured the northern side,a five hundred reeds, by the measuring reed,round about.
    18 The southern side" he meastved, five hundred reeds," by the measuring reed.
    19 He went around to the western side." He
    measured five hundred reeds,~by the meamring
    red.

    20 For the four sides8 he measured it. It had


    a
    wall a11 aroundlo with a Iength of five hunOfi',n,y;&
    dred
    Creeds] and a width of five hundred
    kyA;:$
    +=~e
    t o make a division between what is
    r1.a 10:lQ
    and what is not sacredVe
    l<ze n : holyg
    ~
    Z-de 14:23
    2(:0 6:17
    And he proceeded to make me go to the
    Itc 21:27
    *x/r 10 19
    gate, the gate that is facing toward the
    h e 40%
    'And, Iook! the glory* of t h e Godh of
    ~ ~ c 4 2 : 1east."
    5
    Lzc 44:l
    Israel was coming from the direction of the
    eIsa 6.3
    k:E i;i3 east,m and his voice was like the voice of vast
    yt; s g waters;n and the earth itself shone because of
    mkze11:zs his glory.= And it was like the appearance of
    n h e X:24
    r?e 1 4 : 2
    the vision that I had seen," Iike the vision t h a t
    r6zc 10.4
    3!ab z:i4 I saw when I camet to bring the city to ruin$
    113b 3:s
    and there were appearancess like the appear1:e S:I
    .6E,2::i3 aancek that I saw by the river Che%ar,u and I
    went falling upon m y face.
    :$I$C1i!&

    43

    +--

    11wind.77BIT, b~'n7tk; Vg, v8n1ttis. !IIIReeds,IJ


    lIvgSyT; "cubits:' LXX. ~'iReeds,lJ
    MVgSyT; omitted by LX-X.
    "The vestern side." Literally, "the wind of the sea," M ;that is,
    the Meditprranean Sea t o the vest. "Sidesn7'Literally, "'mincls," X.
    f 'Tubits,l'
    L X X . g "TThat is holy." Or, '(the sanctnas~'.'~Jf,
    ]tag-qo'dpsh; Trg, sanc-fia.a'Pi.un%. "God." M, EE.o.lai?rf. "Vlrhen
    I. came." Or, possibly, "when Jehovah came"; the suffix yfid, whiah
    is usually understood to he We first-person, Angular suffix for 'TI"
    being possibly the initi~lgdd of the Eehrew tetr~grarmnatonfor
    God's name nnd henoe being the! abbreviation for the name Yohorak'. But six Hehrev mallusoripts and Thlrg read: %hen he
    came.'' T reatis: "when 1 prophesied for making [the city] was&
    %ray." 1 "There were appearances," BE; "the vision of the chariot,
    a irfiiil~.''
    LiternUy7

    that I saw,'? LXX.

    Or, "vision."

    EZEKIEL 43 :"11

    EZEKIEL 43 :12-18

    162

    4 And t h e glory of Jehovah itself came into


    t h e house by way of the gate the front of which
    was toward the east.Y And a spirita proceeded

    vEze 10:19
    yEze 44:Z

    1s:la
    to raise me upz and bring me into the h e r ZlKi
    Ezc 3:12
    8:3
    courtyard, and, look! the house had become full Eze
    Eze 11:24
    of the glory of Jeh~vah.~'And I: began to hear *1EKx i40:34
    8:10
    someone speaking t o me out of the house," and ZCh
    5;14
    Isa 6:4
    [the] mane himself had come t o be standing Eze 44:4
    nLe 1:l
    beside me.* And He went on t o say to me:
    Isa 66:6
    Re 1G:l
    "Son of manla [this isle the place of my AEze -10:3
    O
    Ps 47:8
    thronee and the place of the soles of my feet,' Isa
    8:l
    Jer
    3:17
    where I shall reside in the midst of the sons Jer 14:21
    17:12
    of Israel t o time indefinite;@and no more will Jer
    Eze 1:26
    they, the house of Israel, defile m y holy name," +1Ch 28:2
    Ps 935
    they and fh?ir kings, by their fornication and Isa
    66:l
    M t 5 35
    by the carcasseskof their kings at their death,fe eEx 29:45
    26:12
    by their putting their threshold with my Le
    Ps. M:15
    Re 21:3
    threshold and their doorpost beside m y door- XEzc
    393

    post, with the wdl between me and them. And


    they defiled my holy name by their detestable
    things that they did, sa that I went exterrninating them in my anger.n Now let them remove
    their fornicationr and the carcasses of their
    kings far from
    and I shall certainly reside
    in the midst of them to time indefinite."
    10 "As for you, 0 son of man, inform the
    house of Israel about the House,u that they may
    feel humiliated because of their emrsgYand
    they must measure the pattern.y l1 And if they
    actually fee1 humiliated because of all that they

    kJer 16:18
    E2KI 21:18

    nDe 28:21
    J e r 5:3
    rHo 2:2
    sZKi 21:26
    tEze 37:26

    uEze 40:4
    vEze 16:63
    ~ E l w25:a
    1Ch 2k11
    1Ch 28:19

    IiA spirit.)' M, reraJzk; L X X , p+aszt'rnts; TTg, spir'i.tzrs, b Or, "the


    g l q of Jehovah filled the house.'' i'JIan." If, dsh, d ('Man." M I ,
    andam'. "This is," T ; "you have seen,'> LXC; hut 31 has only the
    partiole that ia the sign of the nocnaative case f o + the next mmd.
    "At their death," about 20 Rebrew manuscrip$ and editions,
    ThT ; "their high places," AT ; "in the midfit of t tern," LXX.
    a

    have done, t h e ground plan of the House,= and


    i t s arrangement and its exits and its entryways,
    and all its ground plans and all its specifications,
    and all its gwund plans and all its laws do you
    make known to them and write before thein.
    eyes, in order that they may observe all its
    ground plan and aIl its specifications and may
    'me
    PAPM:27 nctua1ly carry them out." l a This is t h e law of
    so11 13:17 the House, On the top of the mountain its entire territory all around is something most
    holy." Look! This is the law of the House.
    "g
    ,
    9
    i
    b
    :
    ,
    Eze 42:20
    13 "And these are the measurements of the
    J,, 3:17
    altar in cubits) a cubit being a cubit and a hand?
    ,2"h
    ; iq;fo
    Q:1 breadth.&OAnd [its] bottom" is a cubit. And a
    QEze 40:5

    cubit is the width. And its border is upon its lip


    round about, one span, And this is t h e base of
    the altar. And from the bofAorn on the floor to
    the lower surrounding Iedge there are two
    cubits, and the width is one cubit. And from the
    small surrounding ledge t o the big surrounding
    ledge there are four cubits, and [its] width is
    a cubit. I5 And the altar hearth is four cubits,
    and out from the altar hearth and upward
    there are the four horns.' l o And the altar
    110 2.28 hearth is twelve [cubits] in length, with twelve
    Ps 118:27
    s z c h 4:i
    [cubits] of width,@squared on its four sides."
    xEx 38:l
    lr
    And the surrounding ledge is fourteen
    [cubits] in length, with fourteen [cubits] of
    width, on its four sides; and the border surrounding it is hal a cubit, and its bottom is a
    'mi 18:92 cubit round about.#
    20:26
    "And i t s C steps are facing eastHk
    Eze 8:lG
    18 And he proceeded t o say to me: 'Ton of
    a See Ezekiel 40: 5, footnote f. b Or, "blood channel," or, "mo1ding."

    ('Its"; in the masculine gender, to refer

    to

    the altar.

    man, this is what the Lord Jehovaha has said,


    'These are the statutes of the altarn on the day
    of its being made, in order t o offer upon it
    whole burnt offerif~gsn and to sprinkle upon

    'Ho

    n~40:29

    it b100d.'r
    rLe
    Le 81:s
    29
    19 "'And you must give to t h e 3LevitfcaI g&%7&9
    priests,e who are of the offspringb of Zatdok,t a?,",&
    the ones approaching
    is the utterance ;of
    :;;%
    ;;
    the Lord J e h ~ v a h 'to
    , ~ minister to me, a young
    bull, the son of [the] herd, as a sin offeringv VEEO
    i
    20 And you must take some of its blood and put
    g&qg
    [it] upon its four horns and upon t h e four corners of the surrounding ledge and upon the yEx a9:36
    border round about and purify it from siny and LLee 4:29
    8:15
    make atonement for it." z1 And you must take Le 9:9
    aLe 16:18
    the young bull, the sin offering, and one must Heb a:23
    burn it in the appointed place of the House, out- *Eizt4
    side the sanctuary.* ZZ And on the second day ~ ~ ~
    you will bring near a buck of the goals: a OMr=:32
    sound one, as a sin offering; and they must purify the altar from sin the same as they purified
    [it] from sin with the young bull.'
    23 " 'On your making an end of the purifying
    from sin you will bring near a young bull, the
    son of [the] herd, a sound one, and a ram from
    the Awk, a sound one." 24 And you must bring
    2
    5:;
    them Rear before Jehovah, and the priests must p+e5?::f9
    throw salt upon themAand offer them up'as a
    whole burnt offering to Jehovah. e6 For seven :$b;1";5
    days you will r e n d ~ up
    r a he-goat as a sin offer-

    .. . - .

    2:5

    rEze43:1
    PEze 45:1

    ing for the day;* and a young bull, the son of


    [the] herd, and a ram out of the flock, perfect
    ones, they will render up. 2s For seven days they
    will make atonement+ far the altar, and they
    must purify it and install iLag a7 And they wiIl
    complete the days. And it must occur on the
    eighth day" a d from then on that the priests
    wiIE render upon the altar t h e whole burnt offerings ofYOU people" and YOUR communion" offerings;" and I shall certainly take delight in YOU,'"
    is the utterance of the Lord Jehovah."
    And he proceeded to bring me back by
    way of the gate of the sanctuary,b the

    44

    ' outer one facing east,r and it was shut."

    Then

    Jehovah said t o me: "As regards this gate, shut


    is how it will continue. It will not be opened,
    and no mere manc will come in by it; for Jeho~ 1""
    : 24:10
    : , vah
    ,
    himself, the Godd of Israe1,t has come in
    lsa 611
    h2e
    by it, and it must continue shut. However, the
    3424
    chieftain he himself will sit in
    F!3e 3i:25 chieftainu-as
    xet: 6 ~ 1 2 it, in order to eat bread before Jehovah.' By
    h c 52.1
    VGC 31:54 way of the porch of the gate he will come in,
    I3e 12:7
    y n e 40:9 811d by W a y of it he will go ol.lt."Y
    Fzr! qE:2
    I
    :
    4 And he proceeded to bring me by way of
    the north gate to before the house, that I might
    see, and, look! the glory of Jehovah had filled
    . ~ I went falling on
    "kFP3:3,,the house of d e h ~ v a h And
    my
    face.*
    6Then
    Jehovah
    said to me: "Son of
    E.e;$;4
    man,
    set
    your
    heart3
    and
    see with your eyes,
    g,8?&
    and
    with
    yom
    ears
    hear
    alI
    that I am speaking
    "2";21'i!f6
    with
    YOU
    regarding
    all
    the
    statutes
    of the house
    ;;:&!:
    of Jehovah and regarding all its laws, and you

    Azy~$9

    Lord Jehovah." 31j A.do.wflyr Poha.~uih'; L a , ifJehovah


    the God o f Israd"; T'g, Dormi.nus De'xs; SF, "the Lord of lords";
    T, '(Jehovah God"; Luther German, dsr Herr Herr. bliterally,
    "seed," M. 'The Lord J e h o ~ ~ h .3"1,d.da.nayt Yeho.w~7i'; LXXVgT, ('Jeho~ahQod"; Sp, "the Lord of lords"; Luther Gelman,
    tler Hen. Herr.
    a "The

    mfiInhJlit." Literally, "fill its hand," M. Compare 2' Chronicles


    13 : 9, footnote b. b "Sabctuary?' Dd, ~ i q . & k ' .
    "Man." If, dsh.
    d "God." M, El.onAinat.

    must set your heart upon the entryway of the


    house with all the exits of the aanctuwry.a And
    you must say to Rebdliousness," to the house

    I
    bf&3!&

    of Israel, 'This is what the Lord Jehovnhc ;;e;cT;;'l


    has said: "That is enough af YOU because of all
    rom detestabIe things, 0 house of Israel," by VQlPe4 3
    Jroun bringing in the foreigners4 uncircumcised
    jn heart' and uncircumcised in flesh, in order "L,a,':z
    t o get to be in my sanctuary,&in order to pro- p,"P;oi,fl
    fane It, even my house; by TOUR bringing near ncTm5i
    my bread: fatx and blood," while they kccp @
    ~
    ~
    breaking my covenant on account of all YOUR
    detestable things." Neither have aou taken ~<h;.j;
    care of the obligation of my holy things,n nor J F P ;I:IO
    would You post [othersl as caretakers of my "k; 5 :
    obligation in m y sanctuaryR for yourselves." ' r ;,1'23:'2
    9 " 'This is what the Lord Jehovahc has said:
    "'No foreignere at all, uncircumcised in heart
    and uncircumcised in flesh, may come into my
    ~anctuary,~
    that is, any foreigner8 who is in the
    aPa BO:IE
    midst of the sons of Israel." ' 8
    doc 5:17
    lN1
    10 " 'Eut as for the Levites who got far away
    fivrm me when Is~ael,' who wandered RWRY t;F;%%z
    from me,wandered a f t e ~
    their dungy idols, they ~ L ~ p ~ ~ : ; l
    must also bear their ermr.ll E L And in my sane- U ~ ~ ; : $ 6
    tuary" they must become ministers at posts of 1.i 3.:
    oversightm aver the gates of a
    h
    te house and min- &
    ?
    !$;
    isters at the house.' They themselves will ylcll -c:1
    slaughter the rvhoIe burnt offering and the
    sacrifice for the peaple,r and they themselves y?Ch 2Q:M
    mill stand before them to minister to them." zKule:D
    For the reason that they kept minlsterjng to

    ;e,T;;l

    "tJntletnnrg." b1, ~,rtiq.rlrrsh'.b u'Rch~llion~~can!'


    sf; "tllc r ~ l ~ e l l i o ~ i ~
    I~ousr,"L S X ; "the rebellious p~ople,"T.0 Ycc Ezrbkiel43 : 19, footnote c, Litmfilly, "sons of foreignness [oi; of n foreign ool~ntry],"
    31. eCouipnre ~rerse7' , foofi~oted.

    167

    EZEKIEL 44 :13-19

    them before their dungy idols* and became to


    t h e house of Israel a stumbling block into
    emor,: that is why I have raised my hand
    cg,"2F3
    *De 32:40 against them," is the utterance of the Lord
    Jehovah," 'and they must hem their error,
    Is And they will not approach to me t o act as
    priest t o me or to approach t o nny holy things
    4grI\$f of mine, to the most holy thjngsjd and they
    must bear their l~unzlliutionfind their detest3a:30 able things that they clid,* l4
    And I shall cer~
    ~ t a d y; make
    ~ them caretakers of the obligation
    of the house, as reg~rc3sall its service and as
    regards all that should be done in it.19
    '%,lgfm
    11:11 239.2
    . E . P . : ~ ? : . ~ ~15 " 'And as for thc Lcvttlcal priests," the
    sons of Za'doknm
    who t m k care of the obligation
    ;:i"
    of my sanctuaryl' when the sons of Israel wandered away from mefk they themselves will
    kiz$FD
    come near t o me to minister t o me, and they
    must atand before me1=t o present t o me fatr
    ;~;&~
    sL@ 1 7 5
    and the blood,'Bis the utterance of the Lord
    JehevahF la 'They are the ones that will come
    into my sanctuary," and they themselves will
    u&e 4k22
    come near t o my table t a minister to
    and
    rYIa
    vg;,\8$' they must take care of the ab1jgation to
    17 '"And it must occur that when they come
    into the gates of the inner courtyard, linen garments are what they should tvear, and no wool
    should come u p on them when they minister in
    ygg:g the gates of the inner courtyaril and insidemy
    $ 2 In Linen headgears are what should prove to be
    on their I?eadjZ~ n dlinen drawers are what
    ";$;:
    2 g : 4 % h ~ ~ prove
    ld
    t o be upon their hips,*They should
    not gird themselves 1171th [what causes] sweat.
    18And when they go forth to the outer court*ae

    :;:,

    'See EwEd 43 : 19, foatnoto c.

    b "Scnrtuni.;r."

    TCf m ipdccsh'.

    EZEKIEL 44: 2 L 2 7

    168

    yard, [even] to the outer courtyard to the people, they should strip off their garments in
    which they were minjstering,D and they must
    deposit them in the holy dining rooms" and put
    on other garments, that they may not sanctify
    the people with theis gmrnents."'" And their
    head they s h o d d not shave,' and the hair of
    t h e head they should not wear Ioose." They
    should by all means clip [the hair of] their
    heads."lAnd no wine should any priests at
    all drink when they come into the inner courtyard." 'aAnd no widow or divorced woman
    should they take for themselves as wives,Ichut
    virgins of the off springs of the house of Israeln
    or the widow who happens to be the wIdow of

    '2,B4!joI4
    AEzc 12:13
    6E;

    gy

    *g;-;;;;
    eivu 6;s
    *iColf:14

    *k:
    ?!:;
    kL*
    "LC 2 ~ 4

    a priest they may take.'


    23 " 'And my people they should instruct In
    the difference between a holy thing and a common thing; and the difference between what js
    unclean and what Is clean they should cause
    them to know.' P 4 And in a legal case they them- rb;dg$&
    selves should stand in order t o judge;^ with my if
    ;;$ ;
    12:24
    judicial decisions they must also judge it.t And nrl1k~ 17:s
    my laws and m y statutes in regard to all my tjr.h 3 : 4
    festal seasonsv they should keep, and my snb- ,f~1!'5!~~!iR
    'baths they should sam3ify.V ZG Pjnd to a dead \;"?ATjii
    personb of mankindc he should not come in so
    as t o become unclean, but for father or for

    mother or for son or f o r daughter [or] for


    brotl~eror for a sister that has not become a
    husband'sd they may make themselves unclemy
    AncF after his purification, seven days they Mt 8:22
    shaul(1 number off for him.a 2r And on the day Zz!t;i::
    Litsmlly, "seed," N=* ('A deaf1 person?' 31, mr:r h; L X X , pg.ekr;'

    Ye$$;:

    "linaiiod?' 31, oobtn ;LSX, nn?lro.por; ?'gV J~o'rno.


    Or, "rnan'e:'
    31, ish.

    J%osP').

    of his coming into the holy plam,a h t o the inner


    courtyard, t o minister in the holy place,a he
    should present his sin offering," is the utter'
    c $ ~ ~ : a: c~ e of the Lord Jehovah.''
    28 '':Xnd it must become theirs as an inJ O S m 3 3 heritance:= I am their i n h e r i t ~ n c e .And
    ~
    no
    Eze 45:4
    Cc;elT:8
    possession0 should YOU people give them in
    Ts~~acl:
    1 nm tllelr passcssfon. me graln offering and the sin oflerlng nnA the guilt offeringare the ones who will eat
    And every
    &%
    :;& they
    LP 7 5
    devoted
    thing
    in
    Israel-theirs
    it
    will
    becomem0
    1C*o 9:13
    1lebIa:lO aoAnd the first of all the first ripe fruits of
    O h 21:21
    NI,13.14 everything and every contribution of everything out of all yolm contributions-to the
    priests i t will mn~ct o belong;' and the h t
    fruits of YOUR c o m e M ~ B I S ~YOU should give to
    $2:;::7the
    g
    k 2 ~ : ~ priest, in order to came a blessjnp t o rest
    xc io:35 upon your house."' 51 No dead body and no creature torn t o pieces of the flying creatures or
    wJN","k:%
    of the beasts should the priests cat.'"
    "F:6i1Q
    3Inl 3:10
    ~ E 22:31
    K
    " 'And when YOU people allot the land
    =,I?:,,
    Dc 14:21
    as
    m inheritance$ you should offer a
    IENU35:13
    , ~holy portion out of
    JOS 13;6 contrib~tionto J e h o v ~ h a
    Jou 1.1.2
    the
    as
    to
    length,
    trventy-five
    thousand
    1 1 .I; ~ 3~
    [cubits] Jn length, and as to ~vidth,tene thou-.
    n ~ r .:s:#
    rEze4S:20
    e
    """g-':g
    sand.sIt will be a holy portion In a31 its*boundaries round about. From this there will prove
    to be for the holy placea five hundred by five
    t M a 2 0 hundred, it being made square round about;t
    and fifty cubits jt will have ~s pasture ground

    45

    n u T h e holy plnce," M, hug-qo'deak; TT@, s a ~ c . l ~ t ~ n ' r i . ~ wSee


    r.
    EzekieI 43: 19, footnotp C. "Them will nnt hc, howcv~l; for them
    nn inheritance," Tfr. di4Upon your bonsc," 31T7pT; "u on YOCR
    ilnusea," L X X S y . a ''Ten? Y V E S ~ T iitw~nty,"Lxxn f "Efs."
    In the feminine gender, to refcr t o "contlil~ntion,"' vhich is feminine.
    k '*The holy place,') 11, Bay-qo'rleak; LXY, hn+d'ns+mu.

    R.

    EZEKIEL 45 :3--8

    170

    on each side.u And out of this measumment uf$g;;i


    you should measure the length of twenty-five
    thousand and the width of tena thousand, and
    in it the sanctuaryb will come to be, something
    most holy.' AS a holy portion out of t h e land vEze 4 ~ 0
    it will come t a be for the priests themseIves,~j.ae48rll
    the ministers0 of the sanctuary," those ap- "t 20:2"
    proaching to minister t o Jehovah.' And for *g,"e11;5dG
    them it must prove to be a pIace far houses, and Eze
    a sacred placec for the sanchrary.b
    5 '"'There will be twenty-five thousand in
    length and ten&thousand in width." It wiIl be- ':,2Eg,8i;i
    come the Levites', the ministers of the house.* AICo9 9 3
    As a possession they will have twenty dining
    01ch9:26
    r00rns.~
    Ne 10:38
    6 " 'And as the possession of the city, YOU E=e40:17
    people will give five thousand in width and a
    length of twenty-five thousand, exactly as the
    holy contribution.' To all the house of Israel it + ~ ~ e & : l s
    will come to belong.
    1793
    7 " 'And for the chieftaina there will be on
    this side and on that side of the holy contribution@and of the possession of the city, beside Og;:E;$
    the holy contribution and beside the possession
    of the city, something on the west side westward and something on the east side eastward,
    And the length wilI be exactly as one of the .EzeG:aT
    shares, from the western boundary to the east- "E%iB
    ern boundary." B A s regards the land, i t will g; %;&
    become his as a possession in Israel. And no :$: $2,igT
    more will my chieftains rnaItreat my people," ZZEig
    and the land they will give to the house of p::~j~,
    Jas 26
    brae1 with respect t o their tribes.'k
    k Jos 11:a3

    a 'CTen," EITg SgT ; "tmenky:'


    LXlpB*.
    dm7rf, a "A sncred pIace." M, mig.dash';

    "Sanctuary?' 31, miqIC, "a paved may."

    9 "This is what the Lord Jehovaha has said,


    n l ~ , " ~ ~ u T hisa tenough of YOU, 0 chieftains of Israel!'"
    rNe 5:10
    " 'Remove violence and rapacity themselves,r
    PS 82:2
    Isa1:17

    and do justice and righteousness themselves,m

    t ~ o bw*:2
    A11c 2:2

    Lift YOUR exproprfationsb off my people,'t is the

    $Jer 22.3

    utterance of the Lord Jehovah." lo 'Accurate


    scales and an accurate efphah and an accurate
    bath measure are what YOU men should come
    uLe >9:36 to have." l1 As regards the e'phah and the bath
    Pr X1:l
    Pr ~ : 1 1measure, there should come t o be but one quanPr 20:10
    Am a:5
    t i t y , ~for the bath to carry w tenth of a ho'mexy
    Mlc 6.11
    and the tenth of the ho'mer an e'phah;" with
    ;~&~;4
    reference to the ho'mer, its quantity should
    Ir,, 3:2
    Z*ldx
    T ; X 30:13
    la:.% prove ta be. "And the shekel* is twenty geC

    .k",T&?rahs.'

    Twenty shekels, twenty-five shekels,


    fifteen shekels shouId prove to be the ma'neh
    for YOU.'
    13 " 'This is the contribution that YOU should
    offer,m
    t h e sixth part of the e'phah from the
    m$,l$:26
    ho'mer of wheat, and the sixth part of the
    e'phah from the ho'mer of barley; l4 and as for
    the allowance of the oiI, there is the bath measure of the oil. The Bath is a tenth of the cop.
    Ten baths are a ho'mer; because ten baths are
    a*X
    a ho'mer. And one sheep out of the flock, out
    GLe 2:1
    "Lel:10
    of two hundred from the livestockc of Israel,*
    OLC 3 1
    *te 1:4
    for the grain offering7and for the whole burnt
    Le 6:30
    n a 9 : H I offering' and for the communion offerings: in
    Ro 5 1 0
    order t o make atonement for them,'Vs the
    Z C 518
    ~
    utterance of the Lord Jehovah.&
    E OP1:21
    C
    ~2:16
    ~
    5",":&:$7 16 " 'AS for all the people of the landjdthey
    will be responsible for this contribution' to the
    ,g;b,:f;
    a See Ezekiel 43: 19, footnote c. b Or, " Y O ~ R nets of expddon."
    G rrLi~e~tock,"
    hy a correction of It; or, possibly, "farnilies,~'t o
    ~ v i t hLXX. LiteraIl~, "well irrigated [land]:>
    people of the land." See Ezekid 7: 27,footnote f.

    a,we

    X. d"The

    EZEKIEL 45 :17-22

    172

    chieftain in Israelqks7 And upon the chieftain


    Fdf
    there will devolve the whole burnt off eringsn nigt$J::&
    and the grain offeringr and the drink offerings ;E;~i!4
    during the festivalst and during the new moonsu tzch 35:7
    X R $:I8
    and during the sabbaths,v during all the festal uXI,
    31:3
    seasons of t h e house of 1sraeI.y He will be the ;E",R2"3"::13
    one t o provide the sin offeringz and the grain zLcl6:ls
    offering* and the whole burnt offeringo and the
    communion offerings, in order t o make atone3:5
    ment in behdf of the house of I ~ r a e l . ' ~
    18 "This is what the Lord Jehovaha has said,
    In the first [month], an the first [day] of the
    month, you should take a young bull,o a son Or*ru2s;n
    of the herd, a sound one; and you must puriy '&pjT6
    the sanctuaryk from sin? l a And the priest must e k :,~s;g
    take some of the bIood of t h e sin offering and.
    put it upon the doorpostCm of the house and mEx 157
    upon the four corners of the surrounding ledge De ':'
    belonging to t h e altar" and upon the doorpostc
    of the gate of the inner courtyard. 2a And that
    is how you will do on the seventh [day] in the ,:,
    month because of t h e individuals making a g;:$f$
    mistakea and because of the inexperienced one;k
    :-;*an:h
    and YOU people must make atonement for the ?$

    1 I

    uLe 233

    And for the seven days of the festivaIU he


    should provide as a whole burnt offering to
    Jehovah seven young bulls and seven rams,
    vgEg:2,jBsound ones, daily for the seven days,v and as
    a sin offering a buck of the goats dailyay 2 4 And
    Y;:
    as a grain offering an e'phah for the young bull
    and an e'phah for the ram he should provide,
    zz;cy;:$ and, as regards oil, a hin to the e ' ~ h a h . ~
    25 " 'In the seventl~[month], on the fifteenth
    day
    '&hTp of the month, during the festival,' he shouId
    provide the same as these for the seven days,'
    u:,tg;g
    X h 7:g the same as t h e sin offering, as t h e whole burnt
    ZPC31:16
    .i,a
    offering, and as the grain ofEering and as the

    Ez :;,,

    ~ ~ 1 1 1

    nLc26

    21 " 'In the first [month], on the fourteenth 2;gZl6


    day of the month, there should occur for YOU
    %:a
    the passove~."~
    As a festival for seven days unfermented0 cakesQare what should be eatems g;;!:,
    a2Andon that day, in his own behalf and in Lc23:G
    b&alf of all the people of the land,' the chieftain must provide a young bull as a sin 0ffering.t &t %L,!

    F;,":;

    19,footnote a. b uSanetunry.t'nil, mip.dlash'; Z X X >


    Vg, s~ne.t?~.dri..i.um,"Doorpost." M, ~~zu.xaJa d Or,
    <'the man." If, Oh. 'Or, "unleavened bread; yeastloss breadv; M,
    msamts.ts~th~.Wee verse 16, footnote d.
    a See EzekieI 43:

    ha*gi.oa;

    "This is what the Lord Jehovah& has


    said, 'As regards the gate of the inner
    40:32 courtyard that is facing east,O it should continue shut+ for the six workdays," and on the
    "EZe45:17 sabbath day it should be opened,"and on the day
    "ISa66;23 of the new moon it should be opened.# And the
    chieftain must come in by the way of the porch
    ICEze ms3
    of the gate,]<from outside, and stand by the
    of t h e gate;" and the priests must
    "zhE;f doorpost
    render up his whole burnt offering and his mmrEze 45:17 munion offerings;' and he must bow down upon
    threshold of the gate," and he must go out,
    B$:2F4"99the
    and the gate itself should not be shut until the
    evening. And the peopIe of the landb must bow
    down at the entrance of that gate on the sabbaths and on the new moons, before Jeh0vah.u
    : 1
    4 " 'And the whole burnt offering that the
    chieftain should present to Jehovah on the sahbath day should be six sound male lambs and a

    46

    zz$!h~

    nLe 16:20
    rLe 23:5

    Oif,l*?n

    1lh
    I

    -Ezekiel
    See
    Jeremiah

    43: 19, footnote c, bMThepeople of the 1nnd.l' See

    1:18, footnote b; Ezekiel 7 :27, footnote f.

    sound ram;v and as a grain offering an e'phah


    for the r a m , Y and for the male lambs a grain

    vE~",
    %7:

    YE;%%

    offering as he is able to give,a and, as regards


    ail, a hin to the etphah.* "nd
    on the day of "ei4:n
    fithe new moonw there should be a young bull,
    g2
    the son of the herd, a sound one, and six male g;;;;f6
    lambs and a ram; sound ones they should prove
    t o be.* And an etphah f o r the young bull and AEZea:17
    an e'phah for the ram he should render up as a
    grain offering, and for the male lambs aecording to what he is able t o a f f ~ r d and,
    ; ~ as regards oiI, & hin t o the efphah.O
    *NU
    Eze 245:24
    5:~
    8 " ' A n d when the chieftain comes in, by the
    way of the porch of the gate he should came in,
    and by the way of it he should go out.' And +me4 m
    when the people of the landc come in before
    Jehovah in the festal seasons,@the one coming "g; $;+$
    in by the the way of the north gatexin order t o X;;tl;;;;O
    bow down should go out by the way of the
    south gate;* and the one coming in by the way #Eze40s4
    of the south gate should go out by the way of
    the gate to the north. No one should go back
    lay the way of the gate by which he came in,
    for hed should go out straight ahead of him." kHeblo:a
    lo And as regards the chieftain in their midst,
    ,:.
    when they come in, he should come in; and $2 &%
    when they go out, hee & o d d go out.11I1 And in gg%
    the festivdsr and in the festal seasons" the ,EE",i",
    grain offering should prove t o be an e'phah for g!
    the young buII and an e'phah for the ram, and ,i;\"5::'33

    .,

    a {{Ashe i s able tD gipe." liter all^, "as the gift of his hanil," M.
    b "What he i s able t a afford?' Literally, "what his hand may attain
    t o [mayreacll]," Jf, See Leviticus 6 : 7,footnote a; 5 :11, footnote a .
    =''The people o f the land.'j See verse 3, footnote b. ('He," W-

    M.

    and ovor 100 Hebrew manuscripts and ZSX'VgSyT; "they,"


    "He,'> 37 Hebrem mantwripts and LXXTgSyT; "they," Y.

    for the male lambs as he is able to give;&and,


    as regards oil, a hin t o the e'phah."
    12 " 'And in case the chieftain should provide as a voluntary offering a whole burnt offeruLe 1:3
    Le 2337 ingU or communion sacrifices as a voluntary
    Nu 29:39 offering to JehovahRvone must aIso open to him
    lK1 3:4
    I C h m:ax the gate that is facing east,y and he must pro2Ch zrl:al
    Fhr I .E
    vide his whole burnt offering and his comrnunle~r:I:5
    Eph 5:2 ion sacrifices just as he does on the sabbath
    vLc 3.1
    yEde 46:l day." And he mst go out, and one must shut
    rEze 45;17 the gate after his going out.*
    *Ex@46:2
    I3 '"And a sound male lamb, in its 6rst
    year,b youc should provide as a whole burnt
    "Ex m:38 offering daily t o Jehovah." Morning by momNu 28:3
    Da 8:ll
    ing youd should provide it.* l 1 And as a grain
    hP9 922
    Isa 50:4 offering0 youe should provide with it morning
    bLe 2:l
    by morning the sixth of an e'phah and, as regards oil, the third of a hin for sprinkling the
    +NU 25:s
    fine flour.' The grain offering to Jehovah is an
    @Le690
    indefinitely lasting statute, constantly.@l5 And
    they must provide the male lamb and the grain
    offering and the oil morning by morning as a
    xDa 1l:aL constantf whole burnt offering.'"
    Heb 7:n
    I6 "This is what the Lord Jehovah6 has said,
    'In case the chieftain should give a gift t o each
    oneh of his sons as his inheritance, it itself will
    *Ge 25:6
    2Ch 2l:3 become the property of his sons themselves.*
    Ps E:18 It is their possession by inheritance. I TAnd in
    case he should give a gift from his inheritance
    tNu 28:5
    Eke 4524

    veive 5 , footnote a. b Literally, "male laml~,a son of its year,"


    14:10. c "Tou," MT ; "he;' some Hebrew
    rnannsclipts, LX,l'C'CgSy. d (L3+on," BIT ; "he:'
    LXXTrg. "Ton,"
    M T ; '<he,'>L X X T g S y and two Hellrerr manusclipts. f Or, "continual," N, ta.&dr. Compare Daniel 8 : 12, 13, footnote a, g See
    Ezekiel 43 ; 19, footnote a, h "Each one." Literally, "a man." M,isk.
    a See

    kT.

    See Leviticus 12 : 0 ;

    EZEKIEL 46 :18-22

    176

    t o onea of his servantsvbit must also become his


    until the year of liberty;ck and it must return
    to the chieftain.ll Only his inheritance-as regarda his s o n s k i s what should continue to
    belong to their own selves. la
    And the chieftain
    should not take any of the inheritme of the
    peopler so as to force them out of their possessim8 From his own possession he should give
    his sons an inheritance, t o the end that m y people may not be scattered each one from his

    p~ssession.'"t

    kz$;t
    ga;+62

    nEze 46:2

    rz;:;;:;;.$if

    47

    ~~"4%;
    gi;
    t E z e 34:5

    ; : ;s

    19 And he proceeded to bring me in by the


    entryivaym that was by the side of the gate to m-42:9
    the holy dining moms, tho% belonging to the
    priests, that were facing t o the north,u and, uEze42:l
    look! there was a place there on both rear sidese
    to t h e west. And he proceeded t o say t o me:
    "'This is the place where the priests will boil the
    guilt offeringv and the sin oftering,Y [and] v ~ ; ~
    where they will bake the grain offering,z in ,"$Z",;y&"g
    order to carry nothing out t o the outer courtjl:
    yard so oas to sanctify the people."*
    *Eze
    Le 244.19
    : ~
    21 And he proceeded t o bring me out t o the
    outer courtyardn and make me pass along to the oE"C17
    four corner posts of the courtyard, and, Iook!
    there was a courtyard by [this] corner post of
    the courtyard, a courtyard by [that] corner
    post of the courtyard. 2 2 At the four corner
    posts of the couward there were small
    courtyards, forty [cubits] in length and thirty
    in w i d t h . The four of them with c o r n e r
    a "One." M, cd.la7tad', b Or, slave^?' M, 'a.bu.dina'. F OF,"release ;
    m~numksioa"See Je~emiah34 : 8 (footnote o) ,15,37(footnute a).
    d "The mhwitnnce of his sons," LXXSy,
    "On both rear sides;
    Mmargin; ('in the rear of them," M.

    structuresa had the same rneasuremerk 2a And


    there was a row round about them, round about
    the four of them, and there were boiling placesA
    4g1125
    made beneath t h e rows round about. " And he
    proceeded to say t o me: "These are the houses
    of those doing t h e boiling, where the ministers
    '2;$::gof t h e House boil the sacrifice of the pe~pIe."~
    And gradually he brought me back to
    +BC 41:z
    the entrance of the House,' and, look!
    there
    was
    watere going forth from under the
    OFD%:",
    threshold
    o
    f
    the House easlward,9or the front
    i~;
    $g
    zec w : ~ of the House# was east. And the water was
    Zoc 34:s
    I
    2 :
    going down from under, from the right-hand
    ~ 1 9 2:s
    , ~
    l<l.:ae435.3 side of the House, south d the altar.k
    2 And he gradually brought me forth by the
    'lEbe 40:20
    way of the north gate" and took me around by
    the way outside t o the outer gate that is facing
    toward the east,' and, look! waterBwas trickling
    from the right-hand side.
    3 When the manh went forth eastward with
    tE:$-3 a measuring Iine in his hand,t he also proceeded
    gEiii:5 to measure a thousand in cubits and to make

    ;egit

    mtrWithcomer stmahres."In Ii the Hehrew word for the expression is marlred with one of tho 15 extraordinnry points (15 puncta
    ~~trrsordi?lrarm)
    of the Sopherim ( o r scribes) to stipmtize this
    Hebrew word as spurious and hence to ba omitted in pronunciation or suppressed. R~gardingthis, C. D. Rinsb~xrg'sInt~orlzbctiom
    t o tlte Xuseoretico-CritdcaE Edition of the Hebre~uBible, pages
    552, 333, says: "It i s now admitted by the best textnal critics t h a t
    the Ilybrid esprwsion [neeR~cqetsrs4dih'] at tllc cnd of this verse
    rrhich is rendered in the Autho~ized TTersion corae4.8 (margin
    cornsred) and in the Revised Version in the corners, hut which ie
    hero stigmatized by the hlassorites, is spurious and hence is to be
    clided. Its abaenae fi.01.nthe ancient recension is also attested by
    the Septuagint [ L X X ] , the Sgrizc [Sgj ana the Vulgate [Tg].
    Accordingly the passage i a simply to be translated: these f o t ~ rwere
    of t h e same measure." Compare EeekieI 4 l : 20, footnote a. bfL7!he
    mnn." M, FklkiSJb.

    EZEKIEL 47:6 9

    178

    179

    me pass through the water,u water [up] to the URe22:1


    ankles."
    4 And he continued measuring a thousand
    and then made me pass through the water,P vEze47:1
    water [up] to the knees.
    And he continued measuring a thousand and
    now made me pass through-water [up] to the
    hips.
    5 And he continued measuring a thousand.
    It was a torrent that I was not able t o pass
    through, for the water had got high, water
    [permitting] swimming,a torrent that would
    YIM II:Q
    not be passed thr0ugh.y
    Hab 2:14
    6 And he proceeded t o say to me: "Have you .J, I:II
    Zec 4:2
    Seen [thisJ,a O son of man?""
    Mt 13:51
    Then he had me walk and had me returnb *g$$l
    [to] the bankn of the torrent. When I re- ,F$f ; ; :2
    turned, why, look! on the bank of the torrent A$,'::;
    there were very many trees," on this side and
    on that side. And he went an t o say to me : $;I, 2";: ;
    "This water is going forth to the eastern region +DD~,
    and must go down through the Arra.bah.c+And
    it must come to the sea.'P It being brought forth W~;~f;;8
    J~~ 316
    into the sea itself," [its] waterd is also actually i%F-Ii4iB
    healed.' And it must occur that every Iiving l,"A$i$$
    saule that ~ w a r r n sin
    , ~every place t o which t h e ;f;h7Fi:i6
    double-size torrentf comes," will get Iife.gr And sE\ki5
    it must occur that there will be very many fish,. mc
    RC 7:9
    2:11

    ;z9

    '1

    BLitwally, <'water of mtnkles," kT. b "Bar1 me ret~~rn,''MTgT;


    "hnd me s i t down>'' Sy; I ~ u tmissing from LXX, Or, "the desert
    plain?' See Deuteror~orny1: 1, footnote c. d ST reads: "into the
    sea, into the stinking waters, ant1 the waters." e ('Linng soul.'' 31,
    n s p 7 ~ ' e ~ hklaay.yraht; XTg, nrni.n?a ui'veas; ZXX, psy.ckd t E n
    xbafdn. Ses Genesis 2 : 7,footnote b. f literally, "two toi~ents," 31.
    'iThe liver," L I X ; "the torrent," Vg; " t h e watera o f the torrent:'
    APT. g Or, "will, come t o life"; or, "will live."

    t P S J[)3:3

    EZEKIEL 47 :1 L 1 5

    because there is where this water wilI certainIy


    come, and the [sea water] will be healed,t and
    everything will be alive where the torrent

    uIsa 3026 comes,u


    vmt 4 5 9
    10 "And

    it must occur that fishersv wilI certainly stand alongside it from En-ge'diy even up
    zEze2e:- to En-eg'1a.h. There will come to be a drying
    yard f o r dragnets.2 In their kindsae their fish
    "NU
    will prove to be, lilce the fish of the Great Sea,b*
    EIsa &:I2 very many.o
    Re 7:9
    11 "These are its swampy places and its
    marshy places, and they will not be healed.b To
    "g,"k1!$?
    4
    ~
    ;
    ~salt
    ~ t!h e~y will certainIy Ise givenmQ
    12 "And alongside the torrent there will come
    up, along its bank on this side and on that side,
    a11 sorts of trees f o r food.' Their leafage will not
    'rIsa,9,%yI
    61:3
    withe^,^ nor will their fruitage be consumed."
    Eze 47:7
    ~ P 1:3
    S
    In
    their months they will bear new fruit, be"Jer 17:8
    cause the water for them-it is coming forth
    f~from
    the
    very
    sanetuary.c* And their fruitage
    f
    l
    ~
    ~
    ~
    i
    ~
    must prove to be for food and their leafage for
    k h 222 healing."k
    13 This is what the Lord Jehovahd has said:
    ''This is the territory that YOU wilI assign to
    yourselves f o r inheritance as the land for the
    34:2 twelve tribes of Israel," with twa pieces of field
    rGe 48:5
    to Joseph.' And YOU people must inherit it,
    I C 5:l
    ~
    Eze
    each one the same as his brother, which [land]
    aGe 2 6 3
    NU 11:18 I raised my hand [in an oathla t o give t o YOUR
    and this land must fall to YOV
    t g t ~ l Tffoefather~;~
    [by
    lot]
    for
    inheritanceeu
    Kze 16:33
    m:m
    ne
    15 "And this is the boundary of the land t o
    VNU34:7 the northern side, from the Great Seav by the
    a M, mi~a; Vg, spe'ci+ee. Compare Genesip 1:12, footnotes d, e.
    y2Chm:2

    .''"

    b
    d

    That is, the J l e d i t e l m e m Sea. c6%anchary."


    Xee Ezekiel 43 ; 19, footnote a.

    IX, ?fiigtdmht.

    EZEKIEL 47: 16-22

    180

    131

    way to HethJlon,Y as one comes to Ze'dad," ;N","&l


    Harmath,*Be.ro*thahjnSibrra.im, which is be- ;yzalgzl
    tween t h e boundary of DamascusA and the AGel4:15
    boundary of Hakmath; Ha'zer-hat'ti-con, which
    447:18
    is toward the boundary of Ha.u.rant.OilAnd the
    boundary from the sea must prove to be Harzare ' n ~ n , ~the
    ' boundary of Damascus and noxth- +Nu34:9
    narthrvard, and the boundmy of HafmathPThis me48:1
    is the norther0 side.
    18 "And the eastern side is from between
    Hamumran'*
    and Damascusuand between Gilre.ad'c;?g
    and the land of Israel;" the Jardan,h' from the lcGe31:23
    Nu 321
    boundary to the eastern sea aou people should
    J-J~I;~~~~
    measure. This is the eastern side.
    rGe LB:~O
    19 "And the southernc side is to the south,a
    from Tarmars to the waters of Mefinbath- s m 4 8 : B
    kaldesh,t the torrent valleyu ta the Great Sea. t$
    This is t h e side t o the south,d toward the
    aGe 15:B
    I?Tegteb.*'
    1 30s 15:4
    20 "And t h e western side is the Great Sea,Y
    from the boundary slzaight ahead to t h e enter- ?Gy;;%5
    .-yn.34:6
    ing in to Ha'math.fz This is the western side." zJos 1 3 5
    21 "And YOU must apportion this land t o
    youp1seIves, to the twelve tribes of Israel.' And *Jos 1 3 7
    it must occur that YOU should d o t it for inheritance t o yourselvesn and to the alien resi- "J"14!2
    dents who are residing as aliens in YOUR midst)
    zi,G
    who have become father t o sons in the midst of gp":$?,
    le

    $::tf
    Egj;

    "HaPznr-e'i~on,"N ; "the courtyard of Ai.nant," L X X . b Possibl3;


    parnllel wit11 the Jordan River. 8 "Southern," N> tteg'eb. d "The
    south." M> ttsi.mrsd. Or, "south." That is, the sonthe~npart of
    ancient Pnlestine. Sea Genesis 12 : 9, footnote c. f "To the entering
    .in to Eatmath," Or, possibl~,"to Le'bo-Ha'rnnth.') 31, Lebo Rhamoth'. See Joshua 13:5, footnote h ; nlso Lexicon in VeterZs Testamenti Libras, by Koebler-B~umgartne~,
    page 470,oolurnn 2, under
    a

    La-bo' (~35).

    YOU. And they

    EZEKIEL 47:2&48:

    must become to rw like a na-

    tive9 among t h e sons of 1sraeT.VWith YOU people


    yEhy$:B
    Re 7:15
    they will fa11 [by lot] into an inheritance in the

    midst of t h e tribes of Israel.'


    And it musk
    occur
    that
    i
    n
    the
    tribe
    with
    which
    t h e alien
    Uol 3:11
    resident has taken up residence as an alien,
    there is where YOU should give his inherit@Mt 25;w a n ~ e , "is~ the utterance of the Lord Jeh0vah.s
    "And these are the names of the tribes."
    From the northern extremity, on the
    Qae47:15
    side by the way of Heth?ane to the entering in
    HaPrnath,k Ha'zar-e'nan, fi the boundary of
    E$ey?z to
    Damascus northward, on the side of Ha'mth;
    and it must prove t o have an eastern h d e r
    rGem5
    [and] the western, Danr one [portion]. And
    2Sa 24:2
    1Ki 12:29 on the boundary of Dan, from the eastern border to the western border, Ash'eP one." And
    z,"S%24
    RF7:6
    on the boundary of Ash'er, from the eastern
    OEem:'
    border even t o the western border, Naph'ta.lio
    "y$f3a 0ne.t And on the boundary of NaphPta.li, from
    the eastern border to the western bordw, MaUi$
    2.2 nas%ehuone. And on the boundary of Mamas':;; seh, from the eastern border t o the western
    vCp 48.5
    border, E'phra.imv one. And on the boundary
    Jtrs 1li:'i
    JOS 1 i : i ~of E'phra.im, f ~ o m
    the eastern border even to
    zegzathe western border, Reu'bena 0ne.y And
    on the boundary of Reu'ben, from +theeastern
    border
    to the western border, Judahwon. And
    xJG,"SyjF
    on
    the
    boundary
    of Judah, froin t h e eastern
    J,",";:
    $
    border to the western border, the contribution
    that YOU people should contribute should prove
    OEZe
    to be twenty-five thousand [cubits] in width,"
    and [the] length according to one of the portions from the eastern border t o t h e western

    +%\G5,a:,9,3 : B

    48

    a Sce

    Ezekiel 43 :19, footnote a,

    EZEKIEL 48 :9-15

    182

    183

    border. And the sanctuarya must prove t o be


    D I S ~me
    In the midst of it."
    Zcc 2:11
    9 "As regards me contribution thnt YOU ;p2t;;a
    ghdUld contribute to Jehovah, [the] length will:
    be twenty-five thousand [cubits] and [the]
    width ten thousand. ' U n d t o these there should
    prove to be the holy contribution for the
    priests? to the north twenty-five thousand *JN;r,;F:2,
    I:cubits3, and to the west a width of ten thout?;;
    sand, and t o the east a width of ten thousand,
    and to the south a length of twenty-five thousand. And the sanctuarybof Jehovah must prove
    t o be in the midst of it.' l 1 It will be for the P m c + m
    priests, those who are sanctified from the sons
    of Za'dok,' who took care of the obligation *gz$$;$
    toward me,' tvho did not wander away when sy;y&1415
    the sons of IsraeI wandered away, just as the r T 40:+5
    Levit~swandered away.' l 2 And they must come %y,h$$5
    to have a contribution from the contribution of $;%!;$\
    the land as something most holy,' on tile hound- %PI> ??110
    3.4
    M!I] 2 H
    ary of the Levites."
    r I,(' 1S4ZL
    13 "And the Levites should have,lr right next k I n ; d ~~l!1:4
    to the territory of the priests, twenty-flva thou- "I"' '"I'
    sand [cubits] in length, and in width ten tt~ousand; the whoIe length being twenty-flve thousand and width being ten thousanrl.r " And rhey t.m45:3
    should not sell any of it, nor sl~ouldone make
    an exchange,s nor should one causc the choiccsl
    g:g
    of the land t o pass away firam them]; for it is ~ ~ z 7 h : r
    qrc

    t ~ n:21
    a
    something hdy t o JehovahBt
    15 "As regards the Ave thousand [cubits]
    that I s left remaining in wfdth alongside the
    twenty-five thousand, it is something common
    r'Snnctnnry." 31, mig.dtrrahF; LXI, RnbLon; Tg, ~amc.t~&.a'rF.?m
    bc1Snnctunry2* M, nriq.dasTt'; LXX, "mountnin [ o f the holy

    tlli~~m]
    ";Tg, sane.trr.a'ri.trm.

    EZEKIEL 48 :1 L 2 1

    for the city,^ for a dwelling place and for pasture ground. And the city must come to be in
    v m 48:Bthe midst of it.r la And these are the [city'sla .
    measurements : the northern border four thousand five hundred fcubits], and the southern
    border four thousand five huntlred, and the
    eastern border four thous~ndfive hundred, and
    t h e western bordcr four Ihousnnd five hundred.
    h d the city must con10 t o have a pashrre
    ground!^ to the north two hunclred and fifty
    y$fz$
    me45:2
    [cubits], and to t h e south two hundred and
    fifty, and to the east two hundred and fifty,
    and to the west two hundred and fifty.
    18 "And what Es Icft remaining over in length
    x m 4 5 : 1 will be exactly as the holy centribution,~ten
    thousand [cubits] to the east, and ten thousand
    to the \vest; and it must prove t o be exactly as
    the holy contribution, and jta pmduce must
    come t o be for bread far the ones serving the
    '2Ki-3
    city,* "And those who are aerving the city
    out
    of all the tribes of Israel will cultivate it,"
    "lKi4:7
    E:Z~ 4 3 %
    20 "The whole contributlon Is twenty-five
    thousand [cubits] by twenty-five thousand. A
    four-square part is what YOU peopIe shouId
    contribute as the holy contribution with the
    possession
    of the city."
    "&zb3;T6
    RE21:1E
    21 "And what is left over wU1 belong to the
    chieftainJqon thJs sjde and on that side of the
    c~~~~~
    holy contribution and of the possession of the
    *Eze 45:7 city,+ alongside the twenty-five thousand [cubits] [of ] the contribution to the eastern boundary; and on the west ~longsiclethe twenty-five
    49:s thortsand [cubits] to the western b o ~ d a r y . ~
    1rEae4J:B

    a "The [city's]!'
    LitwnIly, "its,'"[;
    hut the pxonolln i s in the f e d nine gender, t o refel* to the city, which nlw i s feminine in gender.

    EZEKIEL 48 :22-30

    184

    185

    1
    Exactly like the portions, [it wiI1 be3 for the
    chieftain. And the h d y contribution and t h e
    sanctuarya of the houseb must prove to be in
    XJOS 18:1
    the midst of it"
    Isa 2:2
    22 "And as regards the possession of the
    E; I Z ~ O
    lev it^ and the possession of the city, in be- ~ ~ % 1 : 3
    tween what belongs to the chieftain it should
    prove to be, Between the boundary of 3udahr " E z e a 8
    and the boundary of Benjamin it should come
    to belong to the chieftain.
    23 "And as regards the rest of the tribes,
    from t h e eastern border to the western border,
    Benjamink one [portion]. 24 And by the bound- kJ",'S 3%
    ary of 13enjamin, from the eastern border t o Re 7:8
    the western border, Sim'e-ono one.I1 2"d
    by 0,Ge24"9::$3
    t h e boundary of Sirnfe.on, from the eastern g;#
    border t o the western borde~,Is'sa.chaF 0ne.r :$;
    P%Andt
    by the boundary of Istsa.char, from the I JOS 1 9 : ~
    eastern border to the western border, Zeb"u.luno o ~ %E:20
    oneas And by the boundary of Zeb'u.1~1,from ay,";~"~;f~
    the e W r n border to the western border, Gadt ,gi;;fjll
    one. " And by the boundary of Gad, to t h e ' gi;!
    southernc border, it will be southwad;d and
    the boundary must prove t o be from Ta'maru U- 47:19
    t o the waters of Mer'i.bath-ka'de~h,~to the vgt3&y
    yGe 15:18
    torrent vdley,y as far as the Great Seamx
    Jos 15:4
    29 "This will be the land that you people z ~ ~ e ~ ; ~
    should cause to fall. [by lot] for inheritance t o
    the tribes of Israel,*and these will be their porE:3
    t i ~ n s , "Is~the utterance of the Lord Jeh0vah.e $~",\$;"1~
    30 "And these will be the outlets of the city:
    On the northern border, four thousand five
    hundred [cubits] will be [the] measurement? AR":16

    gtg;;

    +*e al:l3

    "$anctuarg.." 11,miq.&sFb'; L X X , ha.gi'cas.ma; Vg,sa~c.tu.a'r.i,um.


    b"Honse:' M L E S y T ; "temple," Vg. "Southern." N* nsg'eb.
    "Bouthward:'
    X, tei.mtooW. * See Ezekiel 43: 19, footnote c,

    31 "And the gatesPof t h e city wilI be according t o t h e names of the tribes of Israel, three
    gates being an t h e north, the gate of Reu'ben,
    one; t h e gate of Judah, one; the gate of Le'vi,

    one.
    32 "And on the eastern border there will be
    four thousand five hundred [cubits], and three
    gates,* even the gate of Joseph, one; the gate

    of Benjamin, one; the gate af Dan, one.


    33 "Amid the southern border wiIl be four
    EJE ~ : 3 1thousand five hundred [cubitsJ as t o measureE!: ment, with three gates, the gate of Sim'e-on,
    one; ~the gate
    .*r-;u 22~14~ Zeb'u.lq
    ~ of Istsa.char,
    ~
    ; one;
    ~ the ~gate of
    one:
    Jcr 33:X
    kEx 17:15
    34 ' m e western border will be four thousand
    dg 624
    PS 46:s
    five
    hundred [cubits], there being three gates,
    P S gp:3
    PS - I T : I ~ the gate of Gad, one; the gate of Ashter, one;
    the gate of Naphtta.li, one."
    Isa 132:14
    PS
    12:6
    1sa 1232
    35 "Round about it wiIl be eighteen thousand
    Is8 7,423
    Jer 3:17
    [cubits] ; and the name" of the city from [that]
    Joe 331
    day on will be Jehovah Himself Is There.''n1c

    z;

    *K

    EZEKIEL 48 :31--35

    z&io

    Or, dcJeh~~&:shamtmah."LXXAVgr liJehovah [Is] There."

    pointed a daily dlowance from the delicacies of


    kingn and from his drinking wine, even to
    n i E / $ b the
    nourish them for three years, thnt a t the end
    Iys"1'C110:8
    ,4:g:& of these they might stand before the king.=
    6 NOWthere happened t o be among them
    some
    of the sons of Judah, Daniel,# Hm.a.ni'ah,
    :j;i!
    F:/r m::I Mishfa.e1 and Az.a.r-iJah,t ' And to them the
    hll zImS5

    DANIEL"
    In the third year of the kingshlp of 3e.hoi'- 1
    a.kim the king of Judah, Neb.u.chad.nez'zar
    the king of Babylonb came to Jerusalem and
    proceeded to lay siege to it,' In time Jehovahc

    'zh
    $$$

    fljrba

    gave into his hand Je.hoira.klm the king of j


    Judaha and a part of the utensilsbof the house 'ZZig

    &YB

    [EkJ I s (Xy) Judge'' ; or, "God's J ~ r l ~ sb. "


    "Babylon,') LXXVg ; "Bn'hel," i\Ifi~: "Johovalr," L31VpSg and many
    IT~hrcw~nnnascri~ls"enn'@o~i;
    dbrfn,rrrry',31, 'rliin i~oue of the
    1:14 ptncca wllcre the Jev-ish Xophcrin~sng t h r ~ tthe!: ultered t h ~
    primitive H c l ~ ~ ctest
    ~ r to rend d.do.?ia!~' ("Thr Lnrd") instead of
    J~'Bo.zr~nfr8.d "The [true] God.?' M, ha-l":l.o.kirr~'; L S S , Ira 2'lrp.o~';
    Ng, "Jeho.r.&." '''The land of Sl~i'nnr!' L_LS'cnltlfeedtt80n,
    '
    "Ilnhglon"; T'g, terra Ser~nunr.ri'l:orl." BI, el.o.liir~t'; this is the
    ~,lnl.nl rlnmher of ~Lo'ah, e-ridently tbp plum1 nulnber to express
    ~ ~ + f i n d ornfij~sty,
    ai~,
    excellmce. g Or, "PIIIIIIC'II,"
    TR:WN.Y;S', 11. "The
    ~ o y n loflsgriug." More literally, "the soed of the kingship,'' 31.
    188

    s h ~ z ' z a r ;and
    ~ to Han.a.ni'ah, Sha'drach; and
    t o Mlshpa.el, Me'shach; and t o Az.~.ri'ah,
    Anbed'.
    ne.ge.y $But Daniel determined in I~isheart
    yDII
    nn&
    3:1a
    4Q
    thnt he would not pollute himself with the delilB1:ri cacies af the king and with his drlnking wine.=
    And he kept requesting of the principal court'LQ
    EZA n
    6:13
    :44 oficlal that he might not pollute himself.' Accordingly The [true] G d f i gave Daniel over to
    loving-kindnessb and to compassion before t h e
    principal c~urk-afficial.~
    l o So the prjncipal courto$Ff::$i
    N(>I T I
    off~clal
    said
    to
    Daniel:
    "1
    am in fear of my lordc
    I'r 1lllj:46
    the Icing, who has appointed YOUR food ~lnd
    IVICT
    h C S 10
    t.i1r m,25 YOUR drinkVnWhy, then, should he see YOWR
    ma f a m dejected-IookingPin comparison wlth the
    children who are of the same age as Youns, and
    lwhy] should YOU have to make my head guilty
    t o the king?" l1 But Daniel said to the guardian
    whom the principal court-omdal had appointed
    over Daniel, Han.annitah,Mlshtaaeland Az-aripah: " "Please, put yor-lr servants to the t e s t
    for ten days, and Iet them give us some vegethat we may eat and nrrrter that we may
    .Po;?$ tables*
    drink; l9 and let our countenances and the cow'.If'

    oe;;D7~;

    Meaning "God

    prlnclpnl court-official went assip;n&~:names.u

    ,-I
    r r i .I H

    of The I:true] God,d so that he brou~ht:them Z,$$;B,


    t o t h land
    ~ of Shi'nareF.to the house of Ills
    a$;1;;$and the utensils he brought to the treasure
    house of his godsf+
    C e U:Z
    3sn ll:lI
    3 Then the king =id to Ashrpe.nazhis ch3ef .,zy$:%
    court-offlddfl t o bring some of the sons of
    Israel and of the royal offspring-and of the +%?:
    G i 523
    noMes," "children in whom there was no defect ?$
    ;:
    a t all, but good in appearance and having in3d,::7,
    sight Into all wisdom" and he in^ acqu~jnted ~ : l 9
    with knowledge, and having discernment of
    what is known,# in whom also there was ability *g!$:
    to stand in ~e palace of the king;'<and t o teach F;t;,l
    them the tvritjng and the tongue of the Chal- kPr22:'b9
    dc'ans, 5Furthem0re, t o them the king a p

    :;:

    .I I17e~

    So he assigned to Daniel [the name of] &I-te'%1;I ~ :.v:il


    21:17
    ~ 1

    "la

    ciTl~e[truo] God,"
    a

    h Orl

    31, ha-ELo.lah'; LXX,Fro TIIP.OB';


    Sg,"God."
    '?nynl Iovc."' RI, Bhes'ed. CLJlylorcl.') 31, .a.cloorr*'jLXX, ko

    1;y'rr.or

    inofi;

    Vg, d o ' m i n u s ne'ua.

    4 3
    And in the second year of the kingship
    tenanma of the children who are eating the deb
    *.ZC~I
    3-321
    of Neb.u.chad.nez'zar,* Neb.u.chad.nez'zas
    icacies of the king appear before you, and according t o what you see do with your servants."
    dreamed d r ~ a r n s and
    ; ~ his spirit began to feel
    "G@41:8
    a g i t a t ~ d ,and
    ~ his very sleep was made t o be
    14 And he proceeded t o listen to them as reO%5,6i8
    something beyond himaO3 0 the king said to
    gards this matter and t o put them to the test
    + h L : m call the magic-practicing priests* and the confor ten days. l5 And at the end of ten days their
    , jurers and the sorcerers and the Chal.deFansto
    countenances appeared better and fatter in
    mkf6FaelQ
    I tell the king his dreamsaB1
    A n d they proceeded
    flesh than all the children who were eating the
    Isn 19:3
    to
    come
    in
    and
    to
    stand
    before
    the king. Then
    delicacies of the king." Is So the guardian kept
    I)n 4.7
    the king said to them: "There is a dream that
    on taking away their delicacies and their drink;$;
    I have dreamed, and my spirit is agitated to
    ing wine and giving them vegetables." 17And *Da 1:12
    as for these children, the four of them, to them
    "g
    g;S,
    know the dream.'" At that the Chal.dePans
    *Gc ,72147 spoke t o the king in t h e Ar.a.maticalanguage:'
    The [true] Goda gave knowledge and insight in
    F:zr 4.7
    I\n ~G:II
    "0 king,b live on even for times indefinite."
    all writing and wisdom;k and Daniel himself k?!l$i:
    k lSa 10544
    Ne2:3
    Say
    what the dream is to your servants, and
    had understanding in all sorts of visions and E1,;:gg
    1)n 3:9
    we shall show the very inteqretation."n $ The
    41:s
    dreams.n l8 And at the end of the days that the ~ ~ ; g nGe
    Isn ~
    44;2S ~
    king was answering and saying to the Chalking: had said to bring them in, the principal AC 7 2 2
    de'ans: "The word is being promulgated by
    court-official alm proceeded to bring them in ,":" j$i2
    me: If YOU men do not make the dream Emown
    before Neb.u.chad.nezPzar. IsAnd the king be- :$&
    to me, and its interpretation, dismembered is
    gan to speak with them, and out of them all no
    3:m what YOU will be,r and into public privies YOUR
    one was found like Daniel, Han.a.nifah, Mish'NT$ii"jy own houses will be turned.s But if the dream
    a.el and A z . a . r i p a h ; r and they continued t o stand
    and its interpretation YOU will show, gifts and
    before the king.8 2P And as regards every matter s g g;;
    of wisdom [and] understanding that the king
    I a present and much dignity YOU will receive on
    my part.' Therefore show me the very dream
    inquired about from them,t he even got to find t$$$t&?& '"":7
    5:17
    and its interpretation."u
    them tenu times better than all the magic- &$:;$U
    7 They answered a second time and were
    psactfcing priests" [and] the m n j u r e r s y that %
    , $$Z,
    saying:
    "Let the king say what the dream is
    were in all his royal realm. elAnd Daniel cont
    o
    his
    servants,
    and we shall show its very
    tinued on until the first year of Cyhrusb the g;$$
    v r e 4136 interpretation."v
    king."
    ZDR
    Da 10:1
    6:28
    8 The king was answering armd saying: "For
    a fact, I am aware that time is what YOU men
    a "The [ h e ] God." bf, ha-EZ.o.him'; L ~ ~ R a h l f *
    ${the
    ,
    Lord)*;
    Vg, De'w; Sy, "God." The title Eir.o.k3mp i~ preceded by the ~ r t i o I e
    a r e trying t o gain, forasmuch as YOU have per-

    Fc&:Z,p

    "z;?

    ha (L'the") f o r emphasis, bRLo'sssh, l i S y ; Ry'ros, LXX; Qyprua,


    T The m e ' s meaning is now in doubt. The name is probably
    ~ q m i t e ;in which case the *Id Rrecisn derivation wuneetiug it
    with khov ("the sun") iu Pelxian is to ks rejected.

    Or, "A~.a.rnne'an.'~JiI, A.su..Aaitht; LXX,,Xy.ri.sbi'; Vg, 8y.Aa'cae. b h o r n here onward the text of Darnel is in the Ar.a.mrc'ic
    Inngnnge down to the end o f ahapter 7.
    a

    ceIvecE that the word is k i n g promulgated by


    me. For if YOU do not make known to me the
    very dream, this oner and only sentence Es upon
    YOU. But it is a lying and wrong word that you
    have agreed to say before me, until the time
    jtself is changed.= Therefore tell me the very xPr1239
    dream, and 1 s h d h o w that YOU can SI~OW
    the
    an 4 1 : ~
    very interpretation of it."'
    10 The ChaI.de'ans answmd before the klng,
    and they were saying: "There does not exist R
    man on the dry land that is able to show the
    matter of the king, forasmuch as no grand king
    or governor has asked such a thing as this of
    any magic-practicing priest or conjurer or
    Chd.detan. But the thing that the king himself
    is asking is diEcult, and nobody else exists who
    can show it before the k i n p except the gods,R
    whose own dwelling
    - does not exist with Bcsh
    ~ E 8:10
    K
    at all."*
    2Ch 5:19
    12 Because of this the khrr
    hirnseIf
    became
    angry and got very furious, and he said t o dem
    stroy all the wise men of Baby10n.l~~
    l3 And the apr7e:lo
    Pr 18:14
    order itself went out,' and the wise men were ;;?;,;$2
    ?:I(;
    about to be killed;" and they looked for Daniel *11t
    F.%3.12
    and his companions, for them to be
    I , 10
    ~ 1
    14 At that time Daniel, for his part, ad- '""""
    dressed himself with counsel and sensibleness
    t o h3i.och the chief of the king's hdyffuani,' "3:;E&
    who had gone out to kill the wise men of Babylon.hy ' W e was answering and saying t o y 2 a m : l o
    Ar'i.och the officer of the king: "For what
    reason is there such a harsh order on the part
    of the king?" Then it was that Arri.och mnde
    known the matter itself to DanieI.M4So Daniel flDfia:B
    "Gods!'
    X, et.a.AinP. bnBnby1on," L-LYVg; ''Bn'heF," MSy,
    Liternfly, ' k m being killed," 31,

    Zg;?

    himself went in and asked from the king that


    he should give him t h e expressly to show the
    *""*
    very interpretation to the king.'
    17 After that Daniel went to his orm house;
    "Ds-r:r
    Un 8
    :
    s and to Han+amnitah,
    Mish'a.el and Azla.rifah"his
    lcompanions he made known the matter, l9 even
    [for them] t o ask for mercies on the part of
    the Godm of hcavcn concarnlng this secret,bAin
    1'. 3:s
    order that they might not: clcstroy Daniel and
    Jcr 33.9
    hxt I P ~ I his
    ~ companions with the remainder of the wise
    CCe 1&:28
    Ira1 3:18 men of Babylon.c0
    ZPe 2:9
    +s~12:6
    19 Then it was that to BmieE in a night
    bob 2:15
    rxs%:la vision the secretb was revealed.' Consequently
    Zln 7:7
    Daniel himself blessed the GodQf
    heaven.
    ,?:
    mDanlel
    was
    answcrin~
    and
    saying:
    "
    k t the
    '?<:$$
    1Ch
    PS 41:i3
    3:10 name of God@hecome bIessed From t h e indef~s72:18 inite even to time indefinite," for wisdom and
    Ps 113.2
    r i c h 29:11 mightinelsefor they belong t o him.* '
    "nd
    he
    J o b 12:13
    PS 147:5 is changing times and sensons,k removing kings
    Jcr 33319
    kDa7:25 and setting up kings,!^ giving wisdom t a the
    AC 15
    2;7
    wise ones and knowledge to those knowing discernmentmf"We is revealing the deep things
    pr8:15
    PS
    78:7
    and the concealed things," knowing what is in
    ,:~~2g%,
    J ~ l:5
    Y
    the darkness:t and with him the light does
    aJtrtl 11:m
    Jcr37:3 dwefl.i~" 3 0 you, 0 Gwl" of my forefathers, I
    'C o I:?
    t P s 139:a am giving praise and ~ornmendation,~
    because
    Hcb 213
    UP?3 ~ : 9 wisdom and mightiness you have given t o me.y
    lL:2
    ,PS,,l r1:17
    I And now you have made knonm to me what we
    requested of you, for you have made known t o
    v;$hEyiu
    lItl"25
    US
    the very matter of the
    yEc 7:19
    4 15:15 24 Because of this Daniel himself went in to
    .Ar'i~~ch,?vhorn the king Ilad appointed to de' D n 2:15

    dzc:!

    El.alr';, ty, A.la'J~n, b "~ccI'c~!' M, WC; L n , my8L,XTTg; "Bn'bel,'> MSy.


    d 'rEfodN 31, E1+fikJ.
    * 'iOod.') M, Eldn.hnp;LXS, 11o Tlre.08'; V g s ~ ,
    "Jehovd~"
    a

    +rflo~i."

    ~ e ' r i . o ~ Tg,
    ;
    ? w ~ s ~rt .e1 1 1 ~ 1 . m"Bnhylon,"

    DANIEL 2: 2-0

    192

    stroy the wise men of B a b y l ~ nHe


    . ~ went, and mgF$+it,a,
    this is what he said to him: "Do not destroy
    I
    any wise men of Babylon. Take me En before
    the king, that I may show the lnterpretntion
    jtself t o the king."
    25 Then it was that Ar'l.och, in a hurry, took
    Daniel in before the king," and this is what he npp2d:11
    said to him: "I have found an able-bodied man
    of the exilesab of Judah who can make lulown bg;t!

    the interpretation itseE to the kin^," The rxt [113


    Icing was answering and saying to Daniel, whose
    name was BeI.te.shaz'zar :' "Am you competent *%$2
    enough to make known to mme the dream that
    ;;~
    I hel~eld,and its interpretation?"@" Daniel was wDn; ,il:ls
    .::In
    answering before t h e king and saying: "The D.I 5 . 1 ~
    secret that the king himself is asking, the \vise
    men, the conjurers, the magic-practicin~priests
    [and] the astrologers themselves arc unable t o
    show to the king." 2 5 However, there exists a "feR47:m
    God12 In the heavens who is a Revealer of
    secrets,"and he has made known to King Neb- ~ ; - $ j ~ 7
    u.chad.nez'zar what is te occur in the Anal part 1'~11:22
    of the days." Your dream and the visions of lcE;$!?
    your head upon your bed-this it is:
    I ~ 10:14
    Jvr
    ;w:24
    I
    29 "As for you, O king, on your bed your own i:; $I3
    thoughts came up as regards what i s t o occur
    after this," and the One who Is the Revealer of nGd1:25
    secrets has made known t o you what is t o occur.
    D o And as for me, it is not through any wisdom
    that exists in me more than in any others alive
    that this secret is revealed t o me,p except t a the 9;j%;o
    intent that the interpretation may be mnde
    known to the king himself and that the thoughts
    nDn PA?
    of your heart you may knowmu
    Literally, "the sons of the exile,"

    M,a "Ofid," M, R/.{rb',

    31 "You, 0 king, happened to be beholding,


    look! a certnin immense
    That
    Image, which was large nnd the brightness of
    which mas extx*aordinary,was standing in front
    lIHab1:7
    of you, and its appearance was d r e a d f ~ l ."~As
    regards that image, its head was of good gold,v
    its breasts and Its arms were of silver,y its belly
    1 ) : :
    lid 11s thighs wcm of copper,r " its legs were
    I Ilk : b : Y
    1t 7 :
    or iron,* jts Sect I I ~ C ~pnrtl
    C
    y or jroii and partly
    I I u M:J
    C I ) ~2:J9
    ~
    of molded clayla . $ I YOUl ~ e p ton looking until a
    II,,, Q:3
    75
    stonen was cut out1'not by hands,; and it struck
    the image on Its feet of iron ~ n of
    d molded clay
    .
    and crrrshed themno "At that time the iron,
    the moldrtl clay, the copper, the silver and the
    :I,' ;L;;!,
    z ; . ~gold \vcre, all togethcr, crushcd and lrccnlme like
    I la 2 . $5
    I I 1
    the chafT from t 11e sumnler thrcsl~ingfloor,'
    I r;4 7::7
    %re12:3
    and the windc carr.Icrl: them anlay so that na
    I, 1I ' 2:7
    ~ - 1 trace at a11 was found of themmAnd as for the
    stones' that struclr t h e irnnge, it become a large
    dlq3.
    l1$
    1:4
    I::13
    mountain and flllerl the whole earth,"
    %
    ;:, :
    36 '*This is the dream, and Its interpretation
    '
    ,
    we shall say before the Icing.lC': You, 0 Iring,
    ,"I,';=; i
    !
    ;
    :
    n""r7:1a the king of 1tinm,l1 you to rrvharn the God of
    hcaven llns K ~ V C I Ft l ~ ck i n ~ c l o n tllc?
    ~ , ~ might, and
    'F?2i2$
    '",\
    thc strcngtl~ant1 tllc d i ~ nt iy , "
    ~ and into whose
    hand he has given, whe~+ever
    the sons of mankind
    are
    dvell
    ing,
    the
    beasts
    of
    the fieId and the
    I JcP 275
    I
    2
    winged creatures of the Reavens,t and whom he
    ,IL)n
    r1~3a
    ~ s 24:28
    a 32
    has made xuler over dl of them, you yourself
    ~ U6 5 : l
    are the head of gold."
    n n 'i:j
    r)n
    8:~
    39 "And after you there will rise another
    1 kingdom infcrio~to you;'!v and another kinga "Stone?' 31, eb'pll; LIX,lbih'o*; b,Irr'pi~, b T I I
    nab,:'
    ~ MSy;
    'Lu&"d,

    :F'

    )I$

    " r t ~ tout of n r n o l ~ r ~ t n i ~ iLXS'~*I$.


    ,"
    a ""Pi-itlrl," I T , ~ v ' r t t r b ; LXSlz~hTfs,
    aune.~~!os;
    T'g, I*P?I'~ti*. See C i ~ n ~ 1
    ~ :i 2,
    s faot+notc d. d "In-

    l'r-rior to pn." I~iiernll.~,


    "'cnrthwnrrl I'IWIIIyou," 31.

    DANIEL 2:40-45

    194

    195

    dom, a thM one, of copper, that will rule over


    the whole earth.y
    40 dnA"'
    as for the fourth kingdom,' it wIll
    prow to be strong like iron." For~smuchas iron
    is crushing and grinding everything else, so,
    like iron that shatters, it will crush and shatter
    even all these.=
    41 '(And whereas you beheld the feet and the
    toes to be partly of molded clay of R potter
    and partly of iron, the kingdom itself will prove
    to be divided, but somewhat of the hnrdncss of
    Iron !\*ill prove t o be in it," forasmuch ns you
    beheld the iron mixed with moist clay.+ " h d
    as for the toes of the feet being partly of iron
    and partly of molded clay, t h e kingdom will
    p a d y prove t o be strong and will. partly prove
    to be fragile. Whereas you beheld iron mixed
    with moist clay, they will come to be mixed
    with the offsprings of mankind: but they wlll
    not prove to be sticking together, this one t o
    that one, just as iron is not mixing with molded
    ail; 2:dmy.
    iha !I:U
    44 "And in the days of those kings* the God 7m
    j:;;;;;
    of heaven"will set up a kingdom that wilI nevcr nIlcd.i!?
    ell I:.jB
    be brought to ruin." And the kinp$iomh itself n,
    11 1s
    will not he passed on to my other people.' It
    will crush and put an end to all these kin~dorns,kk,!h"E;:,
    and it itself will stand to times Sndefinjte," $:':3;
    dB forasmuch as you beheld t l ~ a tout of the $'!;:j$
    ,l
    mountain a stone was cut not by hands," ond 1i1X112k1e
    I 2::l.i
    [that] it crushed the iron, the copper, the
    molded day, t h e silver and the goldmrT11e @arid ~ ; ~ 4 ~ ; ]
    God~shimself has made Eclown to the king what :>Pc'~<jlB
    m LiternlBy, "seed," BL b Or, '%ingmhip.19Og1The p m d God." hl,
    43

    )lt

    ;:',:;,y;z2

    EI.n6' rub; LXX, Ao The&

    fro mcg'm.

    DANIEL 2 :46-3: 3

    is to occur after this.t A ~ rthe


    l dream is reliable,
    '2$iB
    3~32

    and the interpret~tionof It is trustwvorthy."u


    46 At t h a t time King Neh.u.chad.nez'mr himself fell down upon his fnca, and to Ilaniel he
    ~ , ~ he said t o offw even R pres%
    ;::::;'r Ezr 6:10 paid l ~ o r n n gand
    ent and incense t o hlm.Y ' 7 The Icing was answering Daniel and saying: "Truly t h e Goda of You
    =:la men js n God OF cocl~I)R~ n ad h r r l of kings* and
    F'.q 1:w:2
    -r>r 1 1 ~ ~ 1 a
    7 Etevealcr oI' s t ~ * r ~ tbrlcnusa
    s,
    you were able
    1% 1.x;3
    t o reveal this s c c ~ c t . ' '"~ Consequently
    ~
    the king
    I
    :
    1 )!I ")I9
    made Daniel himself someone great: and many
    r ,,,.: 9
    .!rn 3:7
    41:40 big gifts he gnve t a him, and he made him the
    ruler over nil thr jurlrrlictional district of
    B ~ h y l o nand
    ~ thc chlef p~ei'rrtovtlr RIF the wise
    f l I):I
    b L G.?
    1
    .
    men
    of
    Bahylan.'
    'Iv And DnlllcI, for his part,
    !la 5:ll
    made a request OF the king, and he appointed
    aver the administration of the jurisdjctional
    lice

    Re 1:i9

    hc
    ,!

    ~~~,~~~

    A-J

    district of Babylon Sha'drach, Me'shach and


    A.bed'ne,g~,'~
    but Dnniel was In the courtc of
    I3r1 127
    -1;s 2.19
    the
    king,"
    Ils 3:2
    .Tcr 39:3
    Neh.ubchad8nezrznr
    the king made an image
    hrn >:I5
    " IIra
    K i 4103::"1 ~ 1
    of g01dT the height of ~ h j c hwas s i x t y
    L c l T m cubits rand] the br~adth of which was six
    ct~bits.Rc sct It up in the plain of Du'ra in the
    k"":~juridictional
    district of BahyPonak* And Xeb-u~ r ?:-is
    i
    chad-nezbr himself as king sent to assemhle
    "h6:7 the satraps, the prefectsn and the governors, the
    counselors, the treasurers, the judges, the police magistr~tespand all the administrators of
    the jurisdictlional distrlcls t o come to the inaugurationAof the Image that Nebubchad.nezf;
    zar the king had set u p t
    ,,1Er&t2
    3 At that time the satraps," the prefects and
    KS 8:9
    ,:,
    rpr

    'El$%

    .,

    a L4GadnX,

    EEl.aA'. b

    nltg, '.door,'* 3L

    Gcd of good8." dI, EFaahrel.a.hin'.

    Li_tm-

    Y
    the governors, the counselors, the treasurers,
    the judges, the poIice magistrates and all the
    administrators of the jurisdictiona1 districts
    we-re assembling themselves for the hauguration of the image that hTeb.u.chad.nez'zar the
    king had set up, and they tvere standing i n front
    of the image that h"eb.u-chad-nez'zarhad set
    'And the heralda was crying out loudly: ;E 8;:
    "To YOU it is being said, 0 peoples, national
    groups and languages,= that at the tlme that ag;s,::
    YOU hear the sound of the horntmthe pipe: the
    n(:k%z\
    zither,= t h e triangular hasp," the stringed in- * l ~ sn 1 ' :
    3.1 0
    strument,' the bagpipe+and all sorts of musical '1311
    -1,n 3 i
    11-11 15:lE
    instruments, YOU fall down and lors ship the 1jtl 3.15
    image of gold that hTeb.u.chad.neztzarthe king
    has set up. And whoever does not fall downL +Mtq:n
    and worship will at the same moment be thrown
    into the burning fiery furnace."" Because of "Jcr 2D:22
    this, a t the same time as all the peoples were
    henring the sound of t h e horn, the pipe, the
    zither, the triangular harp, the stringed instmment and all sorts of rnusicd instruments, all the
    51:7
    peoples,* national groups and languages were ar
    c 1.l:lfl
    falling down [and] worshiping the image of
    gold that Neb.u.chad.nez'zar the king had set up.
    8 Because of this, a t t h a t same time certain
    ,.
    '
    Chal.de'ansh.approached and accused the JewsmCk
    They answered, and they were saying to N e b :: iq;?
    r m 2, I
    u.chad-nez'zar the king: "0king, live on even nNu2'.'L
    for times
    *O You yourseIf, 0 king,
    :1 ;:Ao

    DANIEL 3:11-15

    set forth the command that every man that


    hears the sound of the horn, the pipe, the zither,
    the triangular harp, the skinged instrument,
    and the bagpipe and all sorts of musical Inslmrnents, should fall down and worship the image
    of gold; ~ n that
    d tvhwver would not fall dor~m
    and warship should F3e thrown into t h e burning
    flr1.y furnner.r '"There
    exist certain Jewsa
    whom you nppolntml over thc administration
    * ; of tlie jurisdictional district of Babylon,~Sha'drach, Me'sllacI~ and A.bedPne.go;the= ableI rrr' 9:19
    bocFIed men llave paid no regard t o you, 0 king,
    Ih~y
    arc not serving your awn gods,band the
    irnngc of old that you have set up they are
    not ~vorshipi~g."
    13 At that time Neb.u.chad.nezFzar,
    in a rage
    tlsn3;
    *a:sa
    5
    and ful*y,ts ~ l dt o bring in ShaWrach, Metshach
    and A.bed'ne8go.'l Consequently these ableih 2.12
    l'lb2":2a
    bodied men were bm~~ght
    in before the king.'
    ~red\c
    I I ) I6'27
    I:?
    I
    NebLu.chnd.neztzar
    was answering and saying
    to them: "1s it r e ~ l l yso, 0 Sha'drach, Me'shach
    ancl A.hedlne.go, that YOU are not serving my
    r'dn ~ : OW
    l
    goda,es and the Image of gold that I have
    Jcr rYk2
    arln 3 . L
    set u]) YOU nre not worshipinglZ Is Now if YOU
    are r e ~ d yso that when YOU hear the sound of
    the horn, the pipe, the zither, the triangular
    harp, the stringed instrument, and the bagpipe
    'Dn 3:1a ~ n d
    all sorts of musical instruments,' YOU faIl
    'Lu 4:7
    dowPnand worship the image that I have m d e B o
    [all. rlgllt]. I3ut if YOU do not worship, at that
    same moment YOU will be thrown into the
    .'.Exs:a
    burning aery furnace. And who is that godd
    ; : $ $?!:
    i:;Ejg that cnn rescue YOU out of my hands?"'
    ~8:-

    'I

    YI

    ,,

    ''Hcrnld." 31, ka.rkr; not deri~edfrom the G1.cek noan kr'rjjx,


    bat f1-01~the Old Persian n o w r r ~ l r s f l , r n e m ~ i n"t,sllrr.'"
    ~
    Srt.
    Daniel 5 : 29, footnote k. L X X , kc't!~~; Tg, prmrca. b l,ii~r.nlly.
    "ahle-bodied men, Chal-de'ans," 31. Or, "slnntlerrd thr Jrr~~s.!'
    Literaup, "We the piem [af flesh torn off from thr boilic3] of tile

    JPITS,''
    ?&

    197

    Ilitcl.nl!y, ''t~hlc-l~odicrlmen, JPWA," JI. ba'Gorls+" 31, tI.a.bi)rJ;


    tlr~.ai'; Tg, rli'i, 0 "Godr." M, rT.a.lii*i'.
    "Qod." M, el.nbf+
    r'.S.2',

    IS Shatdrach, Me'shach and A.bd0ne.gomswered, and they were saying to the king: "0
    Neb.u.chad.nez'zar,we are under no necessityo PLU21:23
    in this regard to say back a word to you.' If '$:\%::9,
    it Is t o be, our Goda whom we are servlng h h;;:i;i
    nble t o rescue us. Out of the burning fiery f u r - Ac5:29
    nace and out a your hand, 0 king, he will
    PS E:I
    rescue [us].* But if not, let it become Itno~vn'lSalpJT
    to you, 0 king, that your god$ are not the ones g;
    we are serving, and the image of gold that you 2g;;
    Isa %:I4
    hnve set up we will not worship.""
    MIC7:7
    39 Then it was that Neh.u.chad,nezPzarlzim~ c b
    self got fdled with fury, and t h e very expres- 'EX
    slon of his face was changed toward Sha'drach, LC 20:5
    r9:4
    Me'shach and A.bed'ne.go." EIe was answering
    and saying to heat up the furnace sevenk times *!:,85g3
    more than i t mas customary to heat It up. lR
    And kLe 25:24
    t o certain able-bodied men of vital energyr who ';%E::E
    were in his military force he said to bind ShaPdmch, Me'shach and A.lsed'ne,go, in order to
    throw [them] into the burn in^ fiery f urnaee.8
    f;?:
    21 Then it mas that these able-bodied men Ac18:23
    were bound In their mantles, their Earments and
    their caps and their other clothing and were
    thrown into the burning f i q furnace. Just
    because the king's word was harsh nnd the Eurnace was heated ta excess, these able-bodiedmen
    thnt took up Sha'drach, Melsh~chand Ambed'*
    ne-go were the ones that the fiery flan~cIcll1ed.t tDaRZ4
    P"ut these [other] able-bodied men, the three
    of them, Sha'drach, Ale'shach and A.bedhe-go,
    fell dorm bound in the midst of the burning ,-S~:W
    Jer 38:G
    Aery furnace.cu
    2Co 1%

    ''C;

    ad," 31, El-oh', "Gods.'' hXi, el.rs.lriti'. 0 n e r e L X m ' g make a


    long inset.Lion of verses, and in ll~cjrverm Dl tllcg musirno rendering
    Ihc htnsorctie text.

    24 At that time Neb.u.diad.nez'zar the king


    himself became frightened and he rose up in
    vAa5:23
    a hurry,' He was answering and s ~ y i n gt o his
    ,high royal officials: "Was it not three ablebodied men that we threw bound into the midst
    of the fire?'TThey were answering and saying
    to t h e klng: "Yes, 0 king." He was answering rind saying: "Look! I am I~eholdlngfour
    nblcr-lrorliedmen walking about frcc in tllc midst
    of tlzc fire,= and there is na hurt to them, and
    2
    1
    :
    the appearance of the fourth one is resembling
    tl. son of the gods."am
    #rnh
    PFI,w:7
    m : ~
    I I I
    26 Then it was thnt Neb.uochnd.nez'zar ap- lJ*\ F'''3 ~ I ' O L ~ C ~the
    P Cdoor
    ~
    of t he burning flcry i t ~ r n n c e . ~
    He was anwering and saying: "Sh~l"dsach,
    Me'shach and A.luedrne.go,YOU servants of the
    Most High God,w step out and come here!'' At
    hCp
    I ~ 13:18
    PAT
    I
    lEint time ShaJddrch, Me'shach ancl A.bed'ne.go
    were stepping out from tbe midst of the fire.
    " And the satraps, the prefects nnd the gavernow ~ n the
    d high officials of the king t h ~%rere
    t
    assembled were beholding these able-bodied
    t h a t the fire had had no polver over their
    :nn&P
    Ar m
    28 rnenVo
    1 1I : !
    hotlics,'
    and not a hair of thclr head had been
    11a.1, I t.:14
    singed: and even their inal~tleshad not been
    t aI ,l i~ :~~l:.ro
    I: I : T ~
    cl~atlged and the smell of fire itself had not
    ?;:R1
    come onto them.
    2% Neb.u.chad1nez'zar was anrswerlng and
    'Go
    I>n D.26
    2,47
    a l . ~ saying:
    : ~
    "Blessed be the GodQof Sha'drach,
    ":::I\ 32 ;21
    Me"shach and A-bedtne.go,?vltla sent his angel'
    ItI C - Ix) ii 7: t ~
    ancl rescued his servants thnt trusted in himk
    5 : ~
    2C.h 7 );O
    and t h a t changedc the very rvord of the kingn
    .
    ,
    3 - 0 1 :'I
    and gave over their bodies, because they would
    ,

    ,., ,

    a .'Uods!'
    M, el.aalrie'; L X X , the.osf; Sg, ~ L a ~ k i t i 'Por~ibly,
    ,
    el.tz.Jrim'
    i~ Iho p l u r ~ ln~lmbcrof exeeUenca and aajmty aud mean4 "sod.''
    h
    iodlfl 31, Ellah'. a Or, 'rannulled."

    not server and would not worship any god at a11 rPhp
    except their own God.as And from me an s$ $
    :G:26
    order is being put t h r o ~ g h ,that
    ~ any people,
    national group or language that says anything
    wrong against the Gods of Shardrach,Me'shnch
    and A.bedtne.goshould be dismembered," and uDaa:S
    its house should be turned into a public privy;
    forasmuch as there does not exist another godb
    vDe 3231
    that is able t o deliver like this one."^
    Ps 3:8
    30 At that time the king himself caused
    Sha'drach, Mershachand A.bed'ne.go t o prosper
    in the jurisdictional district of B a b y l ~ n . ~ y YPS
    PS 91:14
    13
    "Neb.u.chad.nez'zar the king, to all the peoples, national groups and languages that are
    dwelling in all the earth: May YOUR peace grow zg; $i2
    great.' a The signs and wonders that the Most ,p;h3i;P,:,,
    High God has performed with me, it has seemed D= 6 2 5
    good to me t o declare." How grand his signs o ~ a ~ ~ & 6
    are, and how mighty his wonders are!* His ApD,f:i3;g
    kingdom is a kingdom to time indefinite,O and 2 %
    ;!
    his rulership is for generation after generation.;;3 g;
    4 "1,d Neb.u.chad.nez'zar, happened t o be at Jer 10:10
    easea in my house and Aourishing in my palace. e1sa47:8
    There was a dream that I beheld, and it began
    to make me afraid." And there were mental
    images upon my bed and visions of my head
    a:1
    that began to frighten me.* %d
    from me an
    order was being put through to bring in before
    me all the wise men of Babylon, that they might
    make known to me the very interpretation of

    t h e dreamk

    kGe 41:a

    7 "At that time the magic-practicing priests,

    "God," 31,EE.ahp.

    Is3 R19
    Da ZiZ

    "Uorl." 31, d . a k Y , 3UXXVg continue chap-

    ter 3 for t h e e more verses; Sy ends chapter 3 here, *JILXXTg


    beg& chapter 4 with this verse.

    the conjurers, the ChaI.de'ans and the astrologers were entering; and I was saying before
    them what t h e dream ivas, but its interpretation
    they
    were not malcing known t o me.n And at
    n;g$;rfiF last there
    came in before me Daniel, whose
    "Da
    Da 5:l2 name is Bel-te.shaz'zarr according to the name
    4s:l
    of my gads and in whom there is the spirit&of
    JPI' nn.2
    tN11i1.'17 t h e holy gods;hi and before him I said what
    Ih:l (i3:Il
    I I n 2:11
    the dream was, YI 33el.te.shaz'zar the chief of
    the magic-practicing priests,'$ because I myself
    ~ I ~2:.13
    L
    well know that the spirita of the holy godsb is
    in youy and that there is no secretC a t all that
    ';%,$l::;8
    3'"n 2 3
    is troubling you,y tell [me] the visions of my
    2:"ream
    that I have beheld and its interpretation.2
    10 " N o w the visions of my head upon my
    bed I happened to be beholding, and, look! a
    tree in the midst of the earth, the height of
    *g,"eI,;% which was immense.' The tree grew up and
    became strong, and its very height finally
    reached the heavens, and it was visibled to the
    extremity o f the whole earth." lZ Its foliage was
    'EHgi i?i4
    1193 fair, and its fruit was abundant, and there was
    food for all on it. Under it the beastA of the
    4:*n
    field would seek shade,O and on its boughs the
    birds of t h e heavens would dtvdl,' and from it
    '?;;3,i3,2s
    all fiesh would feed itself.
    13 " 'I contin~aedbeholding in the visions of
    GDn 7 1
    XPS 163:ao my head upon my bed," and, look! a watcher,eX
    Da 4 2 3
    even a holy one,* corning down from the heav+De 33.2
    PS 80:7
    8:13
    ens themselves. He was calling out laucIly,f
    and this is what he was saying: "CHOP the
    "Spi~it."M, rzlra7t1ej L X X , pnez4'naa; Vg, s~ir'i-tzcs.See Genesis
    1 : 2, footnote tl. 4 ''Gods." 31, el.a.7>i*f. "8e~ret.'~If, p a r ; L n ,
    mgs.telvi.ot~; TTg, su,c~m.me~'tzlna, Literally, "and the sight of it
    was,,' M. e r'Katcher." M, 'ir; L X L sir; LXXaahlfs, an'ge.los
    ("angel") ; Vg, ck'gik. Litetxlly, "with ritd energy," 31,

    hougI~s.%
    SHAKE off
    its fruitage. Let the

    h e down, and CUT off its

    k$:z;y

    its foliage, and SCATTER


    beast flee from under it, and t f ~ ebirds fram its
    boughs.lE However, LEAVE its rootstock itsel f y;:;;
    in the earth, even with a bandinn of iron nnd r;-sl?3r:n
    of copper, among the grass of the fl~lrl;and
    with tlie dew of the heavens let it be mct, nnd
    w l t l ~the beast let its portion be ~ r n o the
    n ~ vegetation of the earth.' " Let its heart be changed F;TPR,+$T
    from that of mankind, and let the heart of a I>n,f:,.la
    beast be given t o itPsand let seven timesnt pass rz,;!;i7
    over it. " B y the decree of tvatchen" Ihe thing ; ;1
    I L : J~
    is, and [byJ the saying of holy ones the request
    is, to the intent that people living may know
    that the Most High is R u k F in the kingdom of
    rnankindtT1"and t h a t to the one whom he wants uFz$;;fq
    to, 11e gives itv and he sets up ovcr it eve11 the a;!;; i;;:r;+
    1 ~ 219 1
    Iowliest one of rnankind."er
    l),l
    i
    IS " 'This was the dream that I myself, kin^ ;r&:E:,
    Neb.u.ch~d.nezkar,
    beheld; and you yourseli, 0
    fiGg
    %l.te-shaz'zar, say what the interpretation is,
    far~srnucl-~
    as dl the [other] wise men of my
    lcingdom are unable to rnalse known to me the
    interpretation itself.z But you are competent, zz*,J:,z
    I~ecausethe spiritf of holy godss is in you." ;:t ::y5
    19 "At that time Daniel himself, whose nnme I': YF
    j
    is Bel.te.shaz'zar," was astonished for a moment, and his very thoughts began to frighten
    A l l n T:28
    him!
    1-u :%:g

    ;!:z4

    hi::?

    /M,

    Or,

    "~ppointecl (definite) timea"; or, 'Wmo periods," RT, 'iddn"gearsH; L X T , P,~r(li.roi' ("rr[~j~i~int~rl
    timra") ;
    Vp, ~nt~'po.ra,
    b "Watclrerg!' If, V.rint; TJX, rir; VE, ~!i'yi.Tes.
    @Up, 4Lyuling.f1
    d"hlankincl," M, a.)1nu?.8hn', *"Mnnkinrl," 11,
    oarlB,s1rimr(plum1 number). Thc only time in tho Ar.~.a~la'ia
    part
    of Dnniel. t "Spirit." N, ~31'uhh; L-LY, /~ne~r'mn;Vr, ~pir'i.l~d.*.
    B*'Clorl~." 3L, el-cl..bitlP;LXX, tbe.osl; Vg, di'i ( " ~ d s " ] ,

    IP~?)';
    LXXIlfil'lffl,

    'The king wag anstverhg and saflng, '0Belte-shaz'zar, do not let the dream and the inter6=3:17
    pretation themselves frighten you.'b
    "Bel.Xe.shaz'z~rwas answering and saying, '0
    m y lord,&may the dream [apply1 t o those hating you, and its interpretation to your adversarles.+
    20 " 'The tree thnt you beheld, that grew
    great and became strong and the height of
    which finally reached tlrc heavens and which
    was
    t o a31 the e a ~ t h , ~ 'and the foliage
    m
    ~
    :
    $
    ~ i ~visible
    6
    U34:l0
    of! which was fair, and the fruit of which was
    abundant, and on which tllere was food far dl;
    under which the bcrlsl s of the Rcld would dwell,
    and on the bauglls of which thc birds of the
    heavens \~.oulcl resfde,' ?' it is you, 0 king,"
    I,7g,"g7
    oa2:z
    became you have g 1 . o ~great and become
    strong, and your grandeur has grown great and
    reached t o the heavens, and your rulership to
    kD"2:a
    the extremity of the earth.'<
    23 '"And because the lcing beheld a watcher,bn
    even a holy anehrcoming down from the
    ;g,"&z
    heavens, who wag also fi~ying,"CHOP the tree
    M t IP:10 down, and num it. Howcvcl-, L E ~ V Fj:ts mofstock
    itself in the earth, but with a banding of iron
    and af copper, among the grass of the field, and
    with the dew of the heavens let it become wet,
    and with the beasts of t h e Aeld let its portion
    be
    until seven time* themselves pass over it,"^
    Pg; $g
    Lu21.24 s 4 this is the interpretation, 0 king, and the decree' of the Most Hiah 1s that which must betpag:9
    D" "17
    uJob 3439 fall my lorda the king.11 " And you they will be
    FS IOT:~O driving away fram rnankjnd, ~ n dwith t i e

    my lord."' M. M8.ri'i. b Tnh!l@r!' M, 'ir; L X X , fir; Tg,


    vitgil. C. NTimcs!' M, 'id+rla.nhr'; L X S , kai.roi'; Vg, f~m'po.m. In
    rlze pTural nnrnhcr in c,arlh paw. "lfy In~~d."
    31, qrtii.vi'i,
    a rtO

    DANIEL, 4 :26-32

    205

    204

    beasts of the field your dwelling is to becomegvvg,"i::g


    and the vegetation is what they will give even to
    you t o eat just like buLls;r and with the dew of YF810B:m
    the heavens you yourself mill be getting wet,
    and seven timesamthemselves will pass over you, mz$::fE
    until you know that the Most High is Rulerh in
    t h e kingdom of mankind,""and that to the one
    g?!
    whom he wants to he gives it.*
    PS F.i:
    I'*
    3 7r8
    26 " 'And because they said to leave the mot- -g;;;$,~
    na mi
    dock of the fx+ee,lyour kingdom wiU be sure 'U"s:'r'
    to you after you know that the heavens Rre
    ruling.d. ': Therefore, O king, may my counsel " ~ + l l : e
    seem good to you,q and remove your own sins Qrs'":d&
    with righteousness,' and your iniquity by show- *P,:;?$,
    ing mercy t o the poor ones." Maybe there will ;F~.;B
    nrt 3,s
    occur a lengthening of your prosperity.' "'"
    41 1
    28 All this befell Neb.u.chad.nez'zar the king,*
    29 At the end of twelve Itmar months he Mtr;,1;;iy2,
    happened t o be walking upon the royal palace d~;y;;:
    of Eaby1on.k " The king was answering and 1~ 30:?1
    saying:" 'Ts not this Babylon the Great,v that I,q~:',Cli::$
    I myself have built f o r the royal house with :!ii,"y~j!!
    the strength of my might" and for the dignity ji; ;jl?!:
    ~1'1'
    Trn I~,:IL(
    "ti10
    of my r n a j e ~ t y ? " ~
    31 While the word was yet in the king's t1.s ~V):YJ
    mouth, there was a voice that fell from the
    heavens: "To you it is being said, 0 Neb.ucliad.nez'zar the king, 'The kingdom itself has
    gone away from you," and from mankind they IE$:$
    are driving even you away, and with the beasts
    of the field your dwelling rill beAYVeqeWion1v8:$$f
    they will give even 0you to eat just like bulls,
    and seven times themselves will pass over you,
    a rrTimrzi!S 11, tid.dn.ni,>'; T,-W, Pa$-rai'; Qr,?earrpo.m. In the
    pIurnl number in each case. b a r , "nding.'-oC)r,
    '"men." 11,

    xE

    Fl'U

    a.nii.~bn'.

    v:Tt$:;60

    DANIEL 4 :33-37

    untll you know that the Most High is Rulera


    in the kingdom of rnankind,h and that to the
    one whom he wants t o he gives it.' ''Y
    33 At that moment the word itself \v,w E d filled upon Neb.u.chad.neztzar,and Emm mankind he was being driven away, and grass he

    began to eat just like bulls, and with the dew


    OF the heavcns his own body got to be wet, untiI
    his very hair grew big j u s t like eagles' [feaehr;Dn 1:B em] and his nalls like birds' [cla~vs]
    .z
    *
    ,
    34 "And at the end of the days* I, ifeb.u,chad.nez'zar, lifted up to the heavens my eyes:
    and my own undcmtanding hegan to return to
    me; nnd I hlessctl the Most High himself? and
    1's I)?:t
    the Onc Iiving t o time indefinite I praised and
    "'"RR:a
    g l ~ r l f l e d ,bec~use
    ~
    his rulership is a mlership
    ,Irr 30:lD
    1
    I : to time indefinite and his kingdom is for generI l V .l,Il
    l o m l o ation after generatian,+ s6 And a11 the inhabit1'5
    I
    ants of the e ~ r t hare being considered as mere1
    4 ,
    n.1'~30:6
    ly nothingymand he Is doing according to his
    T u c ~c10:IS
    own willu among the army of the heavens and
    q ~ ~ ~ the
    3 : inhabitants
    1 ~
    of the earth."nd
    there exists
    1 % 3:4:11
    1.a -1c:lfl no one that can cl~eckhis handu or that can say
    *.I1111 R 1:ZD
    ,nll, I:! 2 to him, 'What have you been doing?'k
    1 % ~4 \ i I.\
    1 ' 11
    36 "At the same time my understanding itl c J d ~t l , l 2
    I 4 : self began to return to me,and f o r the dignity
    Rf) 5l JJ
    o f my klngdorn my majesty and m y brightness
    lIZCh 33:13 themsefves began to return to rne;'%and for me
    even my hfgb royal oirrcers and my grandees
    began eagerly searching, and 3 was re-estab1ished upon my own kingdom, and greatness
    rgb!,;u extraordinary tvns added t o
    37 "Now I, Neb.u.chad.nez'zm, am praising
    ,

    'Or,

    '4miinfi.." Or, q4m~n,''81, a.tr%rJ~n'.


    $nits,br' (nn Ar.n.nin'ic infl~litirr).

    Or, 'Vmiring." M,

    207

    and exalting and glorifying the King of the


    heavens,s because all his works are truth and *F;i!;32,
    his ways are justice,&t and because those who tK;;;l
    ape walking in pride he is able to hurniiinte."" ,,?;;:,I;<.;~
    As IT@& Bel.sh&zarb the k l n ~he
    , made ;;;:-;';lI
    R big feastc for a thousand of his grandees,
    nnd in front of the thousand he was drinkinfi
    wine.v Bel.shaztzar,under the influence of t h c
    $$$
    wine, said to bring in the vesselfi of mld and ;l;;:ds;Q
    of silvery that Neb.u.chad.nez'zar his father had Y?/; g;:;
    tnkcn away from the temple t h a t rvns in Jeilu- ::;:;;;?,;;
    salem? that from them the lting and his ii..r;io
    grnndees, his concubines and his secondnry ::I;I. 5;:;
    wives might &ink.* At that time they brought ,"::l,'&':7
    in the vessels of gold that they had taken away *""
    from the temple of the hot~qeof Goctcl that wns
    in Jerusalem, and from them thc king nnd his
    grandees, his concubines and his secondary
    wives drank. 'They drank wlne, ~ n dthey
    praised the g o h e of gold and of silver, copper,
    iron, woad and stone.0
    DJR
    PK11ti:3
    I R : ~
    5 At that moment the Angers of a man's :;7;$;5.
    hand came forth" and were writing in front of $::?;sf,;
    L ~ I -2.1 I
    the lampstand upon the plaster of the wall of A 11'3
    .1:71
    the palace of the king,+ and the klng was behold- 41ks::lr
    Or, "judgment." b aLBel.&nz'r~r.J'
    LXX, BnL~a'twr; \'p, B~I.tns'sar; SF, B'Iit.sl~a.ka#*In the Babylonian tnl~letNo. !IS,"D0, in thr

    Dl-itialr Mus~nrn,London, Engl.tr~tid,tlw nnnw n[q>rlnnT n.; " H ~ > l . ~ h n r tlsur."' Says flnbunirlus aad .B~i'?rltcr-ror,thy /ln?;riir~t~rl
    p, Iltr~ra.l~r~rty,
    I !En, Tnle Unirergity Prens, h'ew Hnvan, Cr~nnnrt~cnt,i r ~cltnljtrr
    XTV, entitlerl "The Ncan~.nlng of Yon-Cunri t'oim A!lunic)r~~to
    Jlcl~ho~~nl"';
    LLCn~wifor~u
    aIl\~sim~~
    to nrl?illr~m;llrl~
    Ilnvr! thrown R O
    111uchlig].lt upon t h c r61e which be plnyrd I l ~ r i t I l i ~plnrr i n hi~hory
    nlende clcnrly revealed. There are mnny ~ P K ~which
    H
    indicnt~. tlint
    Rrl~I~nc~,nr
    almost equaIed Nnhoniduu in ~sositinll &at# 1)~(,4tig(',"
    8

    Liler~lly, '7)read."

    Tlre,o,~'; S.y, A1.a'ha.


    Fy, ol,nqBr7~'.

    hf, lekkem.

    * "6odq." A,!

    "

    "Ciod.'' 31, Rl.nk\


    I J S , Rp
    meFn.11irl'; L S I , the,oi'; Tg, dipi;

    DANIEL 5:6-11

    ing the back of the hmd that w a writing.


    ~
    At

    'JoblRfl

    that time, as regards the king, his very cornplexion was changed in him," and his own
    thoughts began to frighten him," and his hip

    joints were loosening"~ n his


    d very knees were
    knocking each other."
    I
    7 The king was ccllling out loudly t o bring in
    the conjurers, t h Chnl.detnn~
    ~
    and the astrolo' "n~ 2:2~ ; ~gers.''
    + ; ~The Icing wns nnswcrin~;nnd saying to
    the wise men of Bnhylon; "Any man that will
    I)ir 3 : G
    read this \vriting; ~ n show
    d
    me its very interpretation, with purple he will be clotI~ed,~
    with
    '3rg$$:g
    lfi:11 a necklace of gold a b u t his n&,r
    and as the
    pEd5:l
    third one in tht! Iringdorn Ile uri11 mle.''~
    1:s 10:z
    I"2:m
    8Atthattinrefillthcwisem~noftheking
    were coming in, but they were not competent
    enough t o lead the writing itself or t o make
    fcrQ:g
    Da 2:n known to the king the intcrpretnti0n.t O ConD a . 1 : ~ sequently King Rel.shaz+zznr waa very much
    1 ~ J ~ b T 8 : 1frightened,"
    1
    and his complexion mas changing
    within
    him;
    and
    his grandees were perp1exed.v
    ,. s C f 1 5 4
    10 As regards the queen, because of t I ~ e
    words of the king and his grandees she entered
    light Into the bmqueting hall. The queen answered and said: "0 Icing, Ireep living even t o
    yDa3:9
    times indefinite.Y Do not let your though&
    frighten you, nor let yot~r complexion be
    changed. 'There exlsts a capable man in your
    kingdom in whom there 2s the spirit" of holy
    'E
    g$ gods; and in the days of your father illurnina"a 4:g
    tion and insight and wisdom like the wisdom of
    Dn 4:18
    godsh were found in him, ~ n Icing
    d
    Neb-u-chada
    nez'zar your father h i m ~ e l fset hirn up as chief
    of the magic-practlcjng priests, the conjurers,

    ?;;;::** m e 217
    Nn 210

    ':'

    "Spirit." 31, rtt%bblr; T.XN, prr~tr'ratm; t ' ~epir'i.btrs.


    ,

    Jr* P I . ~ - I ~ ~ L-TX,
    ~';
    tt*~=i
    ~*
    # ~{ri,
    ~
    ; ,

    b gtGods."

    209

    DANIEL 5 :18-23

    119:46 give to others? However, I shall read the writthe Chal.de'ans [and] the astroIogers, [even]
    ing itself t o the king, and the interpretation I
    your father, 0 king;u l a forasmuch as an ex- ng:
    shall make knotvn to him. lB As for you, 0 king,
    traordinary spirita and knowledge and insight
    the Most High Goda9imself gave t o Neb-uto interpret dreamsA and the explanation of ADa"s
    O Da
    D a 2 s4:17
    7
    chadmez'zar your father the kingdom and the
    riddles and the untying of knots had been
    greatness and the dignity and the majesty.'
    found in hirn,O in Daniel, whom the king him- Oif;';i?
    '
    Ps-8
    l P h d because of the greabess t h a t He gave
    self named Bel.te.shaz'zar.+Now let Daniel him- +g; ;;;6
    him, alI peoples, national groups and languages
    self be called, that he may show the very inter- Da 4:a
    proved t o be trembling and showing fear before
    pretation."
    Whom he happened to want to, he was
    mJerE"im.e
    .ler m:5
    13 Accordingly Daniel himself was brought
    killing; and whom he happened to want to, he
    in before the king. The king was speaking up
    1n
    n
    ) ~3:4
    4:za
    was st.riking;b and whom he happened to want
    and saying t o Daniel : '"Areyou the Daniel* that 9gt;2:
    to, he was exaIting; and whom he happened to
    is of the exilesb of Judah," whom the king my xEP$$,
    father brought out of Judah? 141 have also g;:;
    'P$,$?$$ want to, he was humiliating." 20 Out when his
    Dn3:6
    heart became haughty and his OW spiritc beheard concerning you that the splrita of godsC
    Da 3:29
    doh :9:11 came hard, so as to act presumptuously,* he
    is in you,Y and illumination and insight and YE; $iag *EX
    9.17
    I)r 16:s
    was bought down from the throne of his kingwisdom extraordinary have been found in you.
    Isa 14:12
    JBP 1B:15 dom, and his awn dignity was taken away from
    l5 And now there have been brought in before
    Da4N
    me the wise men [and] the conjurers, that they
    ltrsa 4i:I himk And from the sons of mankindd he was
    3er I3:l8 driven away, and his very heart was made like
    may read this very writing, even to make known
    that of a beast, and with the wild asses his
    t o me its interpretation; but they are not comdwelling wasn Vegetation they would give him
    petent enough to show the very interpretation
    1
    1
    ;2
    ::4"
    to eat ; just like
    bulls,
    and with the dew of the
    of the word.z le And I myself have heard con- Z
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ~
    ~
    heavens his otvn body got to be wet, until he
    c a n i n g you, that you are able to furnish inter- g; ;'iO
    ].EX9%
    knew that the Most High God&is Rulere in the
    pretations and t o untie knots themselves." Mow, w e 40:8
    Ps 8337
    E Z 1~ 7 : ~kingdom of mankind,d and that the one whom
    if you are able to read the writing and t o make
    Dn 4:17
    Da 4:35 he wants to, he sets up over it.=
    known to me its very interpretation, with purs2Ch 3323
    ple you will be clothed, with a necklace of gold
    2ch 3 6 : ~ 22 "And as for you, his son Belshaz'zar, you
    Ps 119:46
    around your neck, and as the third one in the
    Isa26:10 have not humbled your heart,$ although you
    tLu
    12:47
    ODa 2%
    kingdom you will rule.""
    J,, 4:17 knew all this.t gS But against the Lordf of the
    Da 5:7
    uIsn
    3723
    you exalted yourself," and they brought
    17 At that time Daniel was answering and *cg:18
    J,, 5 0 ~ 2 heavens
    ~
    before
    you
    even the vessels of his house;^ and
    saying before the king: "Let your gifts prove,
    i
    to be to you yourself, and your presents do you

    "Spirit." 31) brf'alth; L X X , pnen'ma; Vg, spiv'i.frrs. bLiterallg,


    "the sons of the exile," AL c '(Gods." M, el.a.Ri$a3; L X X , the.ost;
    Tg, dd'i.
    a

    a"The Most High God." N, EE.a.kn' tIl.b.ga'; LXS, ho The-0s'


    Ito Hgp'sis.10~. b Or. if deriwd from mother verb o f similar form,
    "letting lir-e." c "Spi~it.')fit,ru'ahh; L X X . to gneu'aa; Vg, spirti.tzis.
    d Or, ' L n ~ ~?;~
    I, .~7. t'b d . ~ h l ~e' Or,
    ,
    L'rULing."f "The Lord." R9, Xa.re'.

    DANIEL 5:24-29

    220

    211

    you yourself and your grandees, your mncubjnm and your secondary wives have been
    drinklnfi mine from them, and you have praised
    mere gods&of silver and of gold, copper, iron,
    wood and stone,r that are beholding nothing or yJs 16:23
    henrfna nothing or knowing no thin^;^ hut the zF;l$;:T
    1.n 3x9
    GocZ1' jn whose hand your breathC is* and t o Ira
    16:7
    whom all your ways belonp you ~ R V Qnot ,;$~~;;t~
    glorified." " Consequently from before him
    ~tjjz
    tl~crewas being sent the back of a hand, and ~
    A, 3;:s
    nJob 31:4
    tlthis very writing was ir~scribed.~
    Pn Ancl this is
    s 1393
    thc writing t h a t was inscribed: ME'NE, ME'NE,
    ('Un 5 ' 5
    TE'KEL AND PAR'SIN."
    26 "This is the interpretation of the word:
    +
    TUTE'NE, Godb has numberedo [the days of]
    your kingdom and has finished' it.'
    +ha
    Jer mfi
    2512
    27 "TFIIKEL, you have been we.IgherlR In the i:;
    Jrr 51:1
    balances and have been found d~ficicnt."
    GJob 3 1 3
    28 "PE'RES, your kingdom has been divIdedh ; ;
    .:I3
    and given to the Medes and the Persl~ns."l"co o; ; ;",=Ezr
    11
    ?a
    21:2
    29 At that time Eel.shazPzar comm~nded,J3.Ira 45:1
    A 6:23
    and they clothed Daniel with purple, with a DUJ.
    A:l
    necklace of goEd about his neck; and they
    heralded" concerning him that he was to beSDa 5 7
    come the third nder in the kingclorn."
    Da 5:16
    I
    30 h that very night Bel.shaz'zar the Chal-

    ldm

    .ler 5l:ll
    ~ c rt 51
    .I
    51:3L
    ~ ::4:9r

    DANTEL 5 : 3&6:5

    de'm king was killed,nn " andb Da.ri8u~the


    Mcde himself received the kingdom, k i n g about

    :?r sixty-two years old.=


    It seemed good t o Daaritus,nand he set up
    over the kingdom one hundred and twenty
    satraps, who were to be over the whole kingml:f dom;"manil overthem three high of!lcials, of
    ;1 1 1% ivllorn Daniel xvas one: in order that these
    snt mpsUmight continuaily he givinq to them the
    IN1 5 r f l
    1t 5 :
    report
    and the king himself mjght not become the
    11 I.:f.r. h:JR
    1oscr.V Then it was that this Daniel was steadily
    Ir ~..I s
    Ln : ~
    v1CAr .1:22 rllstinm~ishinghimaelf Y over the high offlcials
    l.:q 7: I
    nnd the satraps, forasmuch ~s an ext,raardinary
    ,,,
    > 1 'In:*: ?:I sptrltrlwas in him;" and the ldng was intending
    ,,
    tn elevate him over all t!le 1cinp;rlom.
    i' l l 5:?2
    7
    4 At that time the high offlciaEs and the
    satraps themselves were constantly seeking to
    And some pretext against Daniel respecting the
    * ~ a;o:12
    lringdom;' but there was no pretext or corrupt
    I'r 2n:x
    tbing a t a11 that they were able to find, forasP . I
    .lvr lu:lS
    rn~lc11as he was trustworthy and no negligence
    h ~ 2G:.L
    t
    or corrupt thing at all was found in hiin.' Con"/::$!Ad
    b'l~~,:,:ln sequently these able-bodied men were saying:
    II'V *.s2
    "Wc shall find in this Dnniel no pretext a t all,
    ,,,,:, except me have to find lit] against him in the
    law of his God."*
    --c,h,:?iR
    r

    t m ~

    r1 1:l. K:l

    1 Xl Wl

    L3

    :)

    *
    M,

    OIL 0ctohcl3 8-7 uf 539 B.C., aregarinn cnhndnr of todny (or


    (Irl.rll)r~, 12-13, the ulrl Julian cale~ldaroE R u t i ~)r necorrli~la t o
    ilia Xnhunnid Cl~roniele.Colnpnre H i ~ t o r !of~ t I r t 1 I'ca~icrnRmpirs,
    IIJ. Olrnnt~nd, 184Y, page 50; Light fmm the A n d r ~ t Potrut, hy
    I:inrp~~n,l f l d l f l , p n p 190; dso BnG?tlonirrn Ckrmolog!#, hy P?rk~r
    nlul I hil,hcrslrin, ltq33. pw
    14.b With thia versr cliaptvr 0 i~egrnsrn
    >I, rirnhic, o"Dn.ntuq." Ji, f,~a.r'!~cr'rresk;arbrlrrstnr~rlto I)c n title
    I.:Iz~~P
    f l~~ n nn nnmr of rulm. 'The Grerk hialorju~iIlcrotlntu~mid
    it ~ n r n n l"Rrrctrnir?cr, Compdler, Con1rnn~11i.r." lt.li'S,Dn.rePos;
    TE, Ilcr,'ri,~t~;
    I,XST+alllfa, i'L4r.ta.~erx'~p,"' "FSpirii.," M, ruyrskA;
    1 , S X . Fpll~et~'lnrr; Tg, apia'i.tw Doti. "Uotl.'qnI, EELakt; LIX,
    Y'/IE.vJ'; YE, :')n~'tis.

    sLa.7tim'.
    "God." M,El.aAr;L X X , Phr.os'. a '%reath."
    Mi ~ri~isk.rnlah'. Co~nprrreP r o ~ e r h s20 : 27, fmtnntn a. d Literally
    n~cnning"A iuina, a &a,
    n sbckrl nnrl hnlf-shskeln." Pnr.sin' is
    tho ~ ~ l u i . nnnmber
    l
    of p'rp.?, menning "n hnlt'-sh~kcl,~'n diridon of
    n crhrkrl. *''~~FA'SE,
    God has numbrmrl?' Bl, d f ' t ~ r ,m'nnh El.n.ha'.
    Or, "nhanrloned-!' g "TE'KEL, you h*ve I)rt.n m-ciglted." M,
    T'q;!, #'clilPtali. hndPE'RES,your k i n d n l n !ins lwm divided." 31,
    P'rh, p'ri.aotk' mnl.kkzc.~Jtakh'. I "Thc Pnminr~~.~'
    M, Pa.rm', The
    lvorrl hnu thc same three consonantR na p'rsa. 1 Lit@tbnlly,'%nid," M.
    k 01+,''l~rnclnimed,'' 11, &)ram; LXX, kear?jn's~i$a:
    VE, prr.tIi.cn'm.
    Sea Dariiol 3 : 4, footnote a.

    '(Qod~."

    I
    1

    6 Accordingly these high offlciaIs and satraps


    themselves entered in a throng t o the kinglo PP50e:6
    and this is what they were saying to him: "0
    Da.ri'us t h e king, live on even for times indefinite,+ 'All the high officials of the kingdom, +E
    $:
    t h e prefects and the satraps, the high royal
    officers and the governors: have taken counsel '2;;:
    together to establish a royal statute" and to
    enforce an interdict,that whoever makes a peti-'
    tion to any goda or manb for thirty days except
    to yeu, 0 king, should be thrown to the Iions'
    pit.' a NowI 0 king, may you establish the stat- "3$&
    ute and sign the !tTiting,k in order for [it] not kz:z2$
    t o be changed, according to the law of the Medes
    nEB f:lu
    and the Persians," which is not annulled."'
    rEs 8:8
    9 In accord with this, King Dabrit~ts
    himself
    aba 6 : ~
    signed the writing and t h e interdictas
    10 But Daniel, as soon as he knew that the
    writing had been signed, entered into his house,
    and, the windows in his roof chamber being
    open for him toward Jerusalem,t even three tizi k$
    times in a dayll he was kneeling on his knees ;$l1,$3$
    and prayingv and offering praise before hls l$;nz{l
    Godicy as he had been regularly doing prior to
    ;,;;
    this," At that time these able-bodied men VE~
    I K I slw
    2I.h G:13
    themselves crowded in and found DanieI peti- I.,, !,s
    tioning and imploring favor before his God.=* I,rt
    "'a'21-i1
    .';
    12 Then it was that they approached and ,.inhAc 7.60
    3 1.1
    5:17
    were saying before the king concerning the z1Th
    w ? F 10 q
    Fs :i;,.M
    interdict of the king: "Is there not an interdict
    that you Rave signed that any man that asks a
    petition from any god or man for thirty days
    except from you, 0 king, he should be t h r o w

    AT, ~ 7 . d ' ; LX9, the.os'; Qg, d#w, b 'Man.'' 81, cln.nak'.


    "God," hf, E!.alrr.
    "Gad."

    rl

    to the Iions' p i t ? " O The klng was answering


    ,and saying: "The matter is well established
    according to the law of the Medes and the
    1:1$
    Persians, wMch is not
    l g ImmediDa G:8
    ately they answered, aad they were saying be'''
    fore tile king:
    who is of the exilesa
    'k$. of Judah,' has paid no regard to you, 0 king,
    nor to the interdict that you signed, but three
    times in a day he is making his petition."'"
    " ~ 1 7 . 7 I* Consequently the king, as soon as he heard
    ->TF n:26
    the word, it \f7as very displeasing to him,' and
    ,.,
    toward Daniel he set Ihis] mind in order to
    rescue him; and till the setting of the sun he
    *fer a:g kept"on st~.ivingto deliver him." l5 Finally these
    able-bodied mcn themselves entered in a throng
    to the king, and they were saying t o the king:
    "Take note, 0 king, that the law belonging to
    the Medes and the Persians is that any inter-

    uEf;:t

    ''Da6:7

    M$,",jf120
    nn r, l a
    1'n(i.9

    ria$3:
    hll"7:""l

    I
    1'9

    134:s

    lun .11!10
    I-:lr -1n:2

    A ? 27:? 1
    2ro
    t > l r l 46

    ,~>rl$cia
    ,\t-

    12:.1

    v
    %
    l ::g
    sr.:l.

    dictlc or statute that t h e king himself establis11es is not t o be ~ h a n g e d . " ~


    16 Accordingly the king hlmseIf commanded," and they brought Daniel and threw him
    into the pit of the lions.' The king was answering and saying to D~anlel: "Your God" whom
    you are serving wit11 constancy, he himself will
    rescue you,'" R7And a stone was brought and
    piaced on the mouth of the pit,t and the king
    sealed it wlth his sirnet ring and with the signet
    ring sf his grandees, In order t h a t nothing
    should be c2langec:edin the case of Daniel.u
    18 At that time the king lent to his mace
    and spent the night Ifa~ting,~
    and no musical
    and
    instrurnenfsd were brought in before

    afitemlly, "the sons of tho esile," 11, bLitcrnUy, "mid," X


    *"Qod." M, Eraah'; LXX, bo TJrc.osO; Tg, De'aa,
    Or, ""dancing
    ~irln"
    ; or, ~conculrines,"

    DANLEL 6 :1%25

    214

    his very sleep fled from him." InFinally the kIng


    himself, at d a m , proceeded to ~ e up
    t in the
    daylight, and in a hurry he went right t o the
    lions' pit, " A n d as he got near t o the pit, he
    cried out with a sad voice even to Dnnjel. The
    Icing WRB speaking up and saying to Daniel:
    "0 Daniel, servant of the Iiving God, has your
    god^ wl~omyou are sewing with constancy' , -lrn
    PS n:14
    1~11
    been ~ b l to
    e rescue you from the lions?""21 Immediately Daniel himself spoke even with the ~ c 3a.1-1
    r
    5%
    king: "0 king, live on even t o times indefinite." Zhitc c1s:as
    21Myown Godv sent his a n g ~ I 'and shut the - L1 u3 ~1:37
    24
    mouth of t h e lions: and they have not byought :?
    ' ?:;!
    me t o ruin, forasmuch as before him innocence 'Tay&
    itself was found in me;' and a l s ~before you, 0 '271
    1Sa 437
    1;:37
    !leb TI:=
    king., no hurtful act have 1 done."'
    'T* 25-5
    23 Then it was that the king himself became *.w 2a:g
    very glad,k and Daniel himself he commanded k1KI "7
    t o be lifted up out of the pit, And Daniel was
    lifted up out of the pit, and there was no hurt
    at all found an him, because he had trusted in

    czps:g;

    his God."
    n
    PS
    m3 m:m
    7 : ~
    24 And the kin^ commanded, and they Pr lS:lD
    brought these able~bdiedmen tiho had a-;
    cusedl"aniel,r and into thelions9it they threw rg;5j9
    them, their sons and their wjves;R and they had4;:;",;8;
    not reached the bottom of tile pld before the ES 9:ia
    Elonls had got the mastery over them, and ~ 1 1
    their banes they crushedet
    tm
    Isa 54:5
    s:i3
    25 Then Et was that Da.rlPuPthe ktng himself wrote to all the peoples, the national groups ue
    r:I
    and the tongues that are dwelling in a11 the E: gy
    earth: "May YOUR peace grow very much? v2:i117
    "Gad.ll M, E k h ' ; LSX, ha T k e . 0 ~ ' ;VE,DP'MR,h Or, "slandered"

    L i t ~ r n l I ~"hhd
    , e ~ t c nthe pieces [of f l p ~ 1 1lolm nff fmm the hodp]
    of," M, 0 "L)n.ri'us.'57.JX, l>n.rri'os. SOPVCIW lIf o n t n ~ t eC.

    215

    DANIEL 6 :26--7:4

    From before me there has been put thror~gh

    rbn3.a

    Ea~;,.~$lD
    Ilcb 11:2fl
    *I 5:BI
    1 4 SJO::

    I l l i .1:3l
    A!, 1:*?6

    nl

    ,, C l ! , !

    I y 1 , .3
    ,

    ,
    :<::.7

    ,,,, ::,,2,
    11%

    lhl

    an ordcrr that, in every dominionRof my king-

    dom, people are to be trernblin~and fearing


    before the God of Dmiel,*.For he Is the living
    God and One enduring t o times indefinite,' rind
    his klngdom is one that wlll not be brought to
    nlln: and his dominiofl is f o r e v ~"e:. ~ is
    rcscuin~:and delivering@ and performing signs
    i111~1wotli2er.s in t h e heavens and oq tile earth,'
    for he has rescued Daniel from the paw of the

    -t,"ions,"

    "nn n:nt

    28 And as f a r this Daniel, he prospered in the


    khgdom of Da.ri'usEa nnd in the kingdom of

    Cy'rusli the Persian."


    In the first year of Bel.shaz'xaP" the king
    of B a b y l ~ nDaniel
    ,~
    himself beheld a dream
    I I , I 5 :a
    and visions of his head upon his bed.'< At that
    . I -R,T
    ,,,2:,2
    time he wrote down the dream itselLn The complete account of the matters 11c told, Waniel
    t l1r.,%
    L~l~':n s18
    ~ r l l b2.2
    was speaking up and s ~ y i n g :
    '" happened t o be beholding in my visions
    during t h e night, and, see these! the four winds=
    r ~ ~ f ~ OF
    : : fhc
    , ~ heavens were stirring up the vast sea.r
    And four huge beasts wcm corning up out of
    the seals each one being difTercnt' from the

    '2("1
    l./r 7
    1.1
    .m
    c:;, 4 1:H
    *,;.>r
    :;;-i
    5:1

    ,,,,

    others.
    4 "The first one was like a lion, ~ n it
    d had
    \IDA2R:dO
    acr ~H:,ID the whgs of an eag1e.u I kept on beholding until
    Ln
    ,,1I;:3 : ~ Its wlngs were plucked out, and I t was lifted up
    from the earthv and was caused t o stand up on
    ,

    * or, 14ru1pmbip."31,

    bjml-t~fl'. '~orevcr?'Liternlly, "to the mad:'


    Bec rarsc! 1, footnote e. d"Cp'n1a." Sce Dnnirl 1 :21, Pootnote b.
    8 b613rl.~l~n~'z~n..'~
    Sce Daniel 5: 1, foot~lntn 11,
    "Bnl>glon,'l Tg;
    "Inn11 of' nnhplonin~LXXRahlfn; "the ~~ial~de'nau,"
    L.Y,Y; '%apbrl," &!fly. Rn1Winds."'b1, w'ahB (in plnrnl n a m b e ~ ) ;L X X , :,'wrlrai; Vg, wdti.

    11.

    217

    two feet just Iike a man, and there wrts given


    t o it the heart of a m a w
    5,dnA"'
    see there! another beast, a second
    one, it being Like a bear.2 And on one side it sg;$?$F
    was raised up,' and there were three ribs in 9ts
    ;;?
    mouth between its teeth; and this is what they
    la:i8
    were saying to it, 'Get up, eat mucll flesh!:
    6 "After this 1 kept on beholding, and, see
    there! another
    one like a let>p~rrl,d
    but ithad fourwings o f a flying creature on its E;?;:
    back-fiAnd the beast had four heads,l and there ; :4 yi$,
    was given to it rulership indeed.
    7 "'After this I kept on beholding in the vlsions of the night, and, see there! a fourth
    beast, f e a r m e and terrible and unusually
    2:40
    strong.' And it had teeth of iron, big ones. It
    was devouring and crushing,@and what was
    left it was treading down with its feet. altld it
    was something different from all the [other]
    beasts that mere prior to it, and It had ten
    hams." I kept on considering the horns, and, "g!i4i
    look! another horn, a small one,' came up in ";;.;?,,
    among them, and there were three of the Arst
    horns that were plucked up from before it. A n d ,
    look! there were eyes Iike the eyes of a man in
    this horn, and there was a mouth speaking klSn2:5

    *g

    ''Beast," LXXSy; omitted in $1.

    .;),

    "Bnck," lfmargln ; side^," 31,


    grand thmne," the Hpbrem noun h ~ i n gprobnhfy
    in the plural number of majesty, g m d e u r and excelle~lce,
    a Or, "them was a

    flrc flowing and gahg out from before himv


    There were a thousand thousands that kept
    ministering to him, ~ n ten
    d thousand times ten
    rn@
    thousand
    that
    kept
    standing
    right before h h . P
    IKL 2?:l9
    ~3 69.17
    The
    Court=
    took
    its
    seat,
    and
    there were books
    IIch li1:22
    J u d e 1.1
    that
    were
    opened.
    l<ra 5 3 1
    I1 "1kept on beholding at that time bemuse
    oC the sound of the wndiose l-~orulsthat the
    horn waq spoaklng;X I kcpt on beholding mtil
    ":iiz
    the beast was killed and its body was destroyed
    :;',!$! ahto and it was given t o the burning fire.' =?Butas
    Tor the rest of the Iwasts: their rulerships were
    C I > l l 'a :,<
    lalcen away, ~ n there
    d
    was a lengthening in life
    ~
    j
    v
    c
    n
    t
    o
    Ihcm
    for
    n
    time
    and a s c e s ~ n . ~ ) ~
    ?:7
    8.1's A,.%
    13 "'Ikept on beholding in the visions of the
    h1121::30 night, and, see there! with the clouds of t h e
    hlL x1::<1
    1 . ~ 1 ~ J j 2 7 heavens someone like a son of manc happened
    3 I*.%
    7 1
    o be coming;" and t o the Ancient of Days0 he
    "tip $7 tgained
    access, and they brought him up close
    Ilrr , . ~ 4
    I{(' 1; I3
    even before that One."ld And to him there were
    I:(, 14:14
    O ! I n 7:!1
    given rulership and dignity and kingdom, that
    I ,,,
    t h e peoples, n~tional groups and Ianguages
    '\~::';?::23
    sF~oulcZall serve even
    His rulership is an
    mi '? 2'1)
    ind~finltcly
    lastinff
    mlershlp
    that will not pass
    L'Y
    t 111-a
    h ~ 2i:ifi
    t
    nway, and his kingdom one that will not be
    1.u 111:2a
    L~~ 1
    : brought
    ~
    to ruin,'
    Jon 3-35
    I1.:I ,h: ~IC:S
    I5
    "A8
    for me, Daniel, my s p i W was dis1.2"
    tressed within on account of It, and the very
    I
    2
    I!I~
    321
    visions of my head began to frighten me." l4 1
    4.7
    1-0 9 ,
    ~~entupc~osettooneofthosew~~om~erest
    ,,,L.T~;
    ins, and I proceeded to request from bjm re-a 3Irrr.r litrrnllr, "J~~Rgmrmt,"
    31. ""For n time ~ n i nl senson." H,
    ttd${
    :'mar) wCtid,~?ct?~';
    T,S X, ] I P ' ~ S kFt ro'no t~ h i kui.mttt; Tg,

    8;

    $%

    Pa 12:3
    grandiose
    Bn 8;23
    9 "1 kept on beholding until there were ,T;y1
    throne* placedn and the Ancient of Days sat r;:: ;;;2=
    d0tvn.f His clothing was white just like snow," r ) ~ ,7 13
    and the hair of his head was like clean ~vool. :?:Z;?:a
    1:2
    His throne was flames of fire;r its wheelsu I:?
    l0.&:2
    arere a burning fire. l q ~ h e r ewas a streant ofI

    DANIEL 7:11-16

    Jtlh

    w 1 k

    '

    arl frlrr'ptts r i trm'pr<s. '"A son of rnnn." >TI ban x.nsltJ.


    pnrr bt1n-n.rln~tr' in 1'snlm fi :4, tendered %he Fan of ea~*thling
    ~nmn." "Sj~irif," 31, ra'nkk; L.S& pnrtc'ma; 'C'g, spirri.#us.
    t18'grtr

    I'trrn

    219
    12:A
    liable information on all this.k And he said to
    me, as he went on t o make known to me the
    very interpretation of the. matters,
    17 " 'Asfor these huge beasts, hecause they
    are four," there are f m kings that will stand "IlaTt3
    up from the earth.' lgBut the holy onesJ of Zhe :$$%

    Supreme One"' ~villreceive the Icjngdnm, ant1 c;"i:


    they will take possession of the kingdom for ;;.;,;:I
    time indefinite, even for t h e indefinite uwn jj;
    t imw indefinite!
    i m c I ? 10
    1'1 9
    19 ''Tl~en it was that I desired to make cer-l'tri,i ' e ~:.z
    I)!' ""
    tail1 concerning the fourth beast, wlrich proved
    to be something dmerent from all the others,
    e,Waordinarily fearsome, the teeth of which
    were of iron and the claws of which were of
    copper, which was devouring [and] crushing,
    and which was treading down even what was
    left with its feet;" "" and concerning the ten l$;$;#O
    7:z.i
    horns that were on its headtv and the other
    [hornj~
    that came up and before whlchV11ree PDn8:0
    fel1,z even that horn that had eyes and a mouth N D ~ T : ~
    speaking grandiose things* and the appearance 'RQ 1fl:Il
    of which was bigger than that of its fellows.
    i:::!
    21 T kept on beholding when that very born
    E!;
    made war upon the holy ones, and it was pre- bg;,:7;,
    vailing against them: "until the Ancient of ?$
    ; I!):?$
    Dayso came- md judgment itself was given in ;.,III
    favor of the holy ones of the Supreme Ont3,f13 : $ ' 0 2 ~ ~ ~ '
    and the definite time arrived that the holy
    ones took possesion of the kingdom itself.' 3/:2;;!
    a Or, "the Mwt High." X, ,'ELya.ninP; the pluiml nurnher of

    'E:

    *cl.!j6~',forming lrith the. r o n l "holg ones" n seeond pllnwl ~vord,


    a d s e copying the plnralness of "holy ones" twnuw of being sn
    plosc to "'boEy ones!'
    Eridently, howerer, it rcf~rxto thc one ''3roirt
    High," mtlrer than indicating that. tbe "holy ones" mcve rnoat high,
    LIX. Eyp%is.los (sin&nr) ; 1-g, Dgus rtl.tiaFsi.mua (sinpihr) ;
    Sy, W r a ~ ' r n a(siagtllnr). Or, "and to mnke s n y for whrcti."

    DANIEL 7:23--28

    23 ''Thls is what he said, 'As for the fourth


    beast, there is a fourth kingdom that will come
    t o be on the earth, that will be different from
    all the [other] klngdorns; and it will devour all
    the earth and will tmnple it down and crush it."
    Vil 7:7
    " And as for the ten horns, out of that kingdom
    there
    are ten kings tlzat will rise up;R and stin
    lE,"?;b"
    Rp f J : l
    nnothor one wiH rise up after them, and he him.wli will be diMcrcnt froin thc first one^,^ and
    nt1vh
    "L
    N :7! H
    ~
    P1'* 7 ' 3 3
    Illree Icings he will humi1iate.r And he \rill
    n::;;F;s spealc evetl rvords agdnst the Most High,"s and
    he will harass continuallyh the holy ones themselves of the Supreme One.ct And he win intend
    ;
    1:" 1 1 7
    t o cl~nnqct i r n e s ~ l k 1and Iaw,v and t h e y will be
    J L < ~r ' t 7
    I ~ Ol t . l a give11into his ImncI for a time, m d times and
    lcrl 117:U
    (,:(I
    half n t i r n e , r y 2q And the Courtg itself proceeded
    I(" Iq:"
    t o slt,QW hhls onw rulership they finalIy took
    t l Ilil .i 2 3
    *"lt :'l,l4 away, In order to nnnihilate [him] and to dey1
    1:J;T
    liq' 1 1 :2
    stroy [him] totally."'
    Ittv 13:rj
    :Ih1 7:'"
    27 " 'And the kingdom m d the rulership and
    IblL 7 : j l
    the grandeur of! the kingdoms under all the
    ,l,lRlrlO:D
    heavens were gJven t o the people who are the
    ;
    holy ones of the Supreme 0ne.lDTheir> kingy;;P$;y
    I":*
    dom js nn Indefinitely laating kingdom,* and all
    1 ,!I ?,J
    I ! 15
    the
    rulerships will serve and obey even them.'j$
    ,
    I\rt bl:5
    28 "Up to this point is the end of the matter.
    :j

    R t *

    "The hlmt Higb." >I, U1.ln.fp';

    in the siagrtlnr number;


    l a A?~fpfsia.to.s;I'R, E.p.rel'stts. Or, more likmily, "d
    wpm d o m
    (OF, nzvny)," M.
    Or, "the ltmk rlikh." Jf, 'El.glo-nitsp; as in
    wrm 18, footnote n, in the plural number. d '.Times!' M 1eim.nin'.

    "Th~y,''4lI-rSy; "nll Il~ings,"LXXNny'lts; "it,"


    f @, "a
    nntl trall' n uensnn? The mpcnted Ar.a.mzt'ic
    aorrl 11o1ri9 'irl.rl(:n'. a Mort liternll~,"Judpcnr." h Litcl-ally, ILto
    2110 mrl," at.
    Or, "the .llrwl Iliptr." Al, 'E~.rro.rrinr,in t h ptnrnl
    ~
    namIlrt nr; in cemm IS, 22, 2 3 1 ; LXX. nyp!ci.p.!os; T*g, Al.tkrsi.mzts;
    SJ',
    Jl'mi'nln lin lhc ~i~lglzlnr
    n~lrnhrr). Or. "its (it)"; ~efcming
    11) "t t ~ c~ ) ~ o p l c 1rllic11
    ."
    ig tlinrlc ktp or the holy ones.
    aenmn, nnrI srnyona

    DANIEL 8 : 1 4

    220

    221

    As for

    me, Daniel, my own thoughts began to


    frighten me very much, and my very complexion began t o change in me;*but the matter +hs:17
    ~ L Ua:19
    itself I kept in my own heart."&*
    In the third year of the kingship of Bel- wb'l:l
    shaz'zar' the king, there was n vision0 that OHO m0
    ~ p p e a r e dto me, even me, Daniel? after the one *gti;p
    ~lppearingte me at the start. 'And I began to D a l w
    see in the vision; and it came about, while I
    was seeing, that X was in Shu'shanl"the castle, k . 2 6 1
    which is in E'Iamn the jurisdictional district; 2 i;+g
    and I proceeded t o see in tllc vlslon, and I my- npey;;2
    self happened t o be by the n7atercourssb of Ge14;l
    UPlai.Cr W e n I raised my eyes, then I got t o :='23:45
    see, and, look? a rama standing before t h e
    2:29
    wmtercotirse,b and it had 0 0 horns. And the
    two horns were tall, but the one was taller than
    the other,a and the taller was the one that came
    up aftert~axd.~I saw the ram mnking thrusts ;:t ;:$7
    t o the westE and to the north and t o the south,f p;gyI
    and no wild beasts kept standing before It, and Da 7:5
    thcre was no one doing any delivering out of
    its 11and.~~
    And it did according to its wvi13,r and UEE;::,
    D a 2.39
    it put on great airs.
    Ds 230
    5 And I, for m y part, kept on consfderlng, 2
    and, look! there was a male of the goats coming
    from the sunset upon tlie surface of the whole
    earth,]'and it was not touching the eartlz,y And Da
    Da 7:a
    a:32
    RS regards the he-goat, there was a conspicuous DR 7 s
    I~ornIlet~veenits eyes.= And jt kept coming all z&gti
    the wrlay to the ram possessing the two horns,
    'XTCI'F t h ~Ar.a.lnn5c that begnn in Dnnicl 2 :4 ends, b Or, "the

    '
    D
    .

    7:'

    DANIEL 8 :7-12

    which I: had seen standing before the watercourse,' and it came running toward it in its
    powerfut rage.
    7 And I saw it coming into dose touch with
    t h e ram, and St began showing bitterness toward
    It, and jt proceeded to strike down the ram and
    to break its two horns, and there proved to be
    no potver in the ram to stand hefore it. So it
    threw it to the earth and trampled it down, and
    the mrn proved to have no deliverer out of its

    8 And the male of the goats, fopl Its part,


    put on great airs t o an ~ x t r e m e but
    ; ~ as soon
    It became mighty, the great horn was
    bmken: and there proceeded to came up conspicuously four instead of it, toward the four
    +m?:a windsb of the heavens,O
    9 And out of one of them there came forth
    another
    horn, a small one,' and it kept getting
    'k7,i!,
    very much greater t o w ~ r dthe southC and tamp~4fi!2
    IwR1:2 w ~ r dthe sunrising and to~vnrdthe Decora1\41 2.1: tl
    I ~ Im:i
    L
    tion.dB lo
    And it kept getting greater all t h e
    );LC* 20:6
    L Z s:~,
    ~
    way
    t
    o
    the
    army of the heavens," so that it
    I , I I 11 111
    I 11 I I cnuSE?C1same of the almg and some of the stars*
    I I:L
    I I I5
    to fat1 to the earth, and it went trampling them
    I
    :
    .~
    all the way ta the Prince of t h e
    .i:;;LE:z d o ~ v n I1ATId
    army
    It
    put
    on
    great airs,n ~ n from
    d
    him the
    tf:L)nYr\tqB:23
    :Le
    constant [feature] was taken way,*^ and the
    ,
    established place of hL sanctuary was thrown
    3
    @:': ;
    ;;
    !
    wr11:31
    nrII::II d o ~ ms, 2 & d anarmy itself wasgraduallygiven
    n$,"Cl&!:
    I)ll4..70
    ym 2.,! RS
    11 :.r

    ,";:~~:~"

    z7Z

    cntlnl.'' a Or, "Eu.lne'us." L93,Ao O~r.bwl'.d Liternllg, "the second,"


    II. J,itemlly, "thc sen," If .I; ttlnt is, tho llcditcrrnuertn Sea to the
    ~rcst. Or, Iitcrnlly, "the K~g'eb," M. 6 Or, '(plcns~~re."
    &
    sn.ts6?ar.
    I,
    h Or, r r l ~ ~ l d1
    . '1j, ea'sts.
    f

    jll

    --

    Or, "the cnnnl." L X X , ha O M - b d .bar, "dimtjens." 11, vufnhh

    ( ~ ~ I u r n1 t )I,-YX, ntne.~nas (plnrd) ; Vp, .t.rrrV?ta (plum1 ). a Or,


    "the ?;rgreh." d Or, "the Beanty." Pawil~lyrcferl-itla ta Jcmsalem
    nnrl its temple. C a ~ p a r eDaaiel 11:l f i , 41. Or, "the continud
    [~acrillae]," )I, bat-tcta?rnidt; L X K , "the ~aariflce"; Vg, "tlie contintrnl ancriflcc.~f Or, "it took amay the canatnnt [fenLnrc],') N.

    DANIEL 8:13-18

    222

    overpatogether with the constant [feature] ,*t


    because of transgression;u and it kept throwing
    truth t o the earth: and .it acted and had suca
    cess.~

    :!;:
    ty;;

    ?y;

    I-IER
    :.":I I
    ,yJrr 12,l

    13 And I got to hear a certain holy one w a k Ing, and another holy one pmceetled t o say to
    the particular one who was spenking:" *'How =1Pc l:l2
    long will the vision be of the constant [feature] "* *Rc
    and of the transgression causing desoIationJba af$i!;:4
    to make both [the] holy place and I:lhe] Rrmy hfr I:<:I.~
    n trampling place?'lAl4 So he said to mc: "Until "R;,BgB
    Iwo thousand three hundred evtlnings [and] j,::!:;;
    mornings; and [the] holy place will certainly
    firm ~ : n
    he blhoughtinto its right condition."c+
    Isn 13:B
    15 Then it came about that, while T myself, rq3Gq:17
    Daniel, was seeing the vision and seeking an unclerstanding, why, look? there was standing in
    front of me someone in appearance like nti nhIebodied maned'' U n d I began t o hear the voice af +a~7:10
    an earthling man in t h e midsl; of the U'lai,':' and *nn
    he proceeded to CAI out and say: "Ga'bri,el,Y"
    me"zi
    LU 1:18
    make that one there understand the thing: L u l : ? S
    seen.""'; So he came beside where 1 was stand- """"22
    1 : ~
    ing, but when he came I &came terrified so that kEzc
    Rc 15:10
    I fell upon my facek Plnd he proceed4 to say nl3n n:27
    to me: "Under~tand,~
    0 son of MZWI,K~.
    thath the ::?:if&vision is for the time of [the] end."# w And lirlb
    d1'"12'4
    z:3

    while he was speaking with me, I had become


    fast asleep on my fnce an the earth.' So he
    touched me and made me stand up where I had
    been stxndin~.uan And he went an to say: "Here
    <:I I am causing you t o know what atwill occur in the
    vP.eX:I
    final part of the den~ncfation,~
    because it is
    for
    the
    appointeda
    time
    o
    f
    [the]
    end.r
    :g:Z;;,
    20 "The ram that you saw passessing the two
    horns [stands for] the kings of Me'di-a and
    Zgt,Zjgg Fersiava21 And the hairy he-goat [stnnds for]
    t h e king of G ~ e c e ; and
    ~ ' as for the great horn
    $
    U o l l : ~ that mas between its cym, it [stands for] the
    .Dn l : 6
    Dn 8:s
    first kingn 2 2 And that one having been broken,
    oDn 11:3
    so that there were four that finally stood up
    instead of it; t l ~ e r eare four kingdoms from
    , [hislh nation that wtW stand up, hut not rvith
    his power.
    Im":9

    g2zF1

    +r?e13:7

    agz;z

    .,,:, ,
    ~e 1 6 : ~
    Fie 17:6

    R@ 19:z

    Or, "the continn~l[merifice]." M, Ant-fn.mill*; A I X , "tho mcriAcoF'; Vr. "the c o n h n a l sacrifleo." b Qr, "cfiirlcirl~ natnnisllmcnt
    [ horror1.O' hf, s k o . n ~ ~ m ' Compnre
    .
    Dmid A : 37, t'r~otnote 11. * O r ,
    "must: be inst~fied(or, declared righteaua)"; nr, "triunt bn b ~ o u g h t
    into its right." d " A n able-bodied man." Ml geb'rs, 0 Or, L'Ku,lne't~s.v
    LXX, Qrt.baF'; LXXHahlfs, 0t1.1a6'; Vu, U'lrri. t"CSn'11~i.el.~'In
    W ~ h m v ,a combination o f gsB'rr ( ' L ~ able-hoilied
    n
    rnna'j) n s d RZ
    ("Ood"), hence meaning "An Able-hodicrl One nf Gorl." '*Son o f
    man." 81, bet1 6 . d ~ ~ Compare
    '.
    Psnl~n8 : 4; Eeckjrl 2 : 1, foolnole a; Daniel 3: 13, footnote r. h Or, "Ibecnuso."
    a

    'Da 7.8

    H e 13:is

    kJer
    nJer 22:21
    48:26

    $:,%?&

    Da 211
    Da5:23

    23 "And In the Anal part af their Mngdom,

    as the transgressors act to a completfon, there


    will atand up a Ring Aerce in countenance and

    understanding: ml~iguouss n y i n ~ 2~L And


    . ~ ~ his
    power will actually become mighty, but not by
    his own power.+ And in a wonderf-ul way he
    wiH muse ruin, and he will certainly prove
    ~~ccessf1.11
    and do cff cctivclg." And 11ewill acbally bring mighty ones to ruin, alm She p p l e
    made up of Ithe] holy ones,' 36 A n d according
    to his indght" he will also actudly cause deception to succeed in his hand." And in his heart
    he will put on great niw,lCand during a freedom
    from caren he will bring many to ruin. And
    against the Prince of princes he will stand

    Greece." N, Tn.noan'; LXX, "the Hel'leaae (or, Greeks)"; Tg,


    ',the Greeks." b "His," LXSVR;
    M8y. L ' h m ) ) i ~ u o~ayinge.''
    u~
    Or, '"riddles; pwpIexing qu(*sTione." "dccor~lin~
    l o him in~ight:'
    31; "against the holy uncc his ihonpl~t[will !)el," LXX.

    1
    but it wUl be without hand that he will be
    mba 7%
    broken.8
    KC i8:m
    26 "And the thing seen concerning the wening and the morning, which has been said, i t
    is tmenaAnd you, f o r your part, keep secret
    the vision, because it is yet lor many dnys."titElPit8
    27 And as for me, Daniel, I felt exllausted and
    was made sick for [some] days," Then I got up Ug;dyIS
    and dld the work of the king;v but I kept show- v$?;$
    Ing myself numbed on account of the thing seen,
    YDU 8:17
    nnd there was nobody understanding [ it 1 .,'
    In the first year of Da.ri'usz the son of ;:z $51
    A.has.u.e'rusb of the seed of the Medes," $
    ;:.;
    who had been made king over the kingdom of
    the Chal.de'atns; in the first year of his reign3 n ~I myself, Danid, discerned by the books n 2 ~ h9&:21
    the number of the yeass concen~ingw?llicE~t l ~ c E:;&?ll
    ward of Jehovahc had occurred to Jerclninl~Ihe dT;:/$7;
    p ~ ~ o p h efor
    t , ~fulfilling thedevastations o l Jeru- :;t,Oi
    s~lern? [namely,] seventy yearsm0"ncl I pro- py;pl;~:10
    cceded t o set my face t o JehovahVThe [true:/ P+.c 7.5
    t:.i
    God,l" in order to seek [him1 u1ith prayer and .hc.
    -7r.r ?:2:3
    with entreaties, with fasting and snckcloth and '22;;'??
    ashes.+ And I began to pray to Jellova h my i 1; zT;::;j
    God and to make confessionc and to say: '
    ~iI;;~;;,;-*~
    "Ah Jehovaha The [true] God,fVthe grcnt clr:v .i 1%

    225
    E%",#T
    b1-7:9

    rEx 31;s

    DANIEL 9 ;5--11

    On@ and the fear-insplrlng Olze,k keeping the


    covenant" and the loving-kEndnessar to those

    loving him and to those keeping his commandments,S s we have sinned[ and done wrong and
    acted wfckedlyu and rebelled; and there has
    lliie 9%
    been a turning aside from your commandments
    V J ~ PREand from your judicial decisions.v a And we have
    Yi:.tigj: not listened t o your ficrvnntfi the prophets,~who
    have spokcn in your name t o our kings, our
    :);&!:s
    Ja'rLrd:d princes and our forefathers and to all the people
    QVer 9:7
    ~ ~ 9 . 3 2of the Jand.bu IT0 you, 0 JehovahYA there beA[c,n 27.5
    I
    2
    longs the righteousness,Obut to us the shame of
    QFzrP a
    face as at t h i s day,O to the mend of Judsth and to
    S'.Y 44:15
    the inhabitants of JerusnIem and 20 all those of
    +Jcr2:28 Israel,' those nearby and tllose far away in all
    Jvr 3 : s
    t h e lands to which you dispersed them because
    of their unfaithfulness tvilh which they acted
    m33 against
    0 Jehov~h,$0 us belongs the
    UP 4:n
    shame
    of
    face,
    t
    o our kjngs, t o our princes and
    &
    :;I:
    to our forefnthers, because we have sinned
    'P* 106:fl against yot~." To Jehovah41our Codr belong t h e
    .Irr 14:20
    I,n s:42
    merciesz and the acts of forgiveness," for we
    =I.:K 3::G
    have rebelled against him," lo And we have not
    NC 0.17
    k N u 11:18
    t l~? vaicc
    ~
    nf Jrhovah nur Godr by walkpl:.~ o b ~ y e d
    l , X + . :'q
    ing itr his lnnts that he set before us by the
    ,.,
    hand of his servants the propl~ets.~
    l1 And all
    ;
    3
    those of Israel have overstepped your law, and
    there has been a turning asjde by not obeying
    mDc5:M
    r b96
    pslo6:e

    '

    !I

    flz;

    aLiterallg, "tnllh." N, etn.etRO. ba'A.hns.~r.e'nr*," MTgRgLXI;


    imXo~qrx~,"
    ~,XSRahlcfi.c g { T l war(?
    ~ ~ 01' e J ~ l ~ o v ~ ~SI~P
    l l , 'i*l p p ~ i i ~ l i x ,
    pngu 421,mlder "Daniel :9-'(he word o f J i l l i u ~ 1 1 1 "1 , ~ d ' b , l ~ ~ h n ~ ~ ~ l ~ . " Or, "loyal lore.n IT, Bhes'rd. biTcaple of the Innd!' See Ezekiel
    mnng I l e h ~ e mrnanusc17il,ts n t ~ dL . Y S S F ~ F yrl.rlo,rrajj',
    ;
    hl. 'l'liin is
    7 : 27, footnote f : Jcrelninl~ 6 :18 J'uotnotc b. "J~hovnh,,' &I,
    ono uf the 134 pamges jn rhich t l l ~Jewish P o ~ ~ l i ~ rlliin~
    r i ~ n they
    A P d o . ~ o y fL.TXSdv,
    ;
    "Jchnvnh"; Jg, Do'ni.nwr. Cmapwe verse
    nllsrcd the prltrlit~re Hebrew text to rsad ~l~rio.w(i?/'it~ateatl of
    ,
    ''rlch~~nla."
    n number
    three, footnote d. Or, " C R P ~ ono.'' .\Ii.71~
    IApkon
    I U L Z ~ ~ '0. "The Etsnej Clod." 11, her-El.a81tier'; tlic c l r ~ f l n i llwticlo
    ~
    of Hebrew manuaclipts; ~ , d a , n n ~JT;
    ' , ho Jb'fl'e.as, L + W ;Do'l~liIrn ("the") preceding EI.o.him' for c t n l ~ h n n i ~T, J X J An Tbr.on';
    tirts, Vg; "Jehovah," Hg. This is one o f tho 134 pnssngm in which
    T'r, l ~ t . ' r f s , Sce Daniel 1 :2, foot11ot~11 : i;t-tlp~iufi : 22, footnote n.
    the Jewish Sopherim clnim they alteretl the p~imitiveIIebrew text
    "The [true] God." N, Tm-El; L S X , ko I'lrr.o~'; l'g, Ile'trs. 6eo
    t o read &.do.rlayr instcad or HeJro.wah< "Uoil," 31, El.o.kil~b'.
    Gcncris 31:13, footnote a ; 2 Samud '73: 31, f'ootnote IL.
    8 Or, ".listenedto."

    your voice," so that you poured out upon us the a ~ p


    curse and the sworn oath that is written in the
    law of Moses the servant .of The [true]
    for we have sinned against Hirn.bt ='
    h d he pro- tk
    ceeded to carry out his words that he had
    spoken against usu and against our judges who uLa 2:17
    juclged us,' by bringing upon us great calamity, V B O 1'7
    such as was not done under the whole heavens
    ;
    as what has been done in Jerusa1ern.y 19 Just as
    it i a written in the law of Moses,=all this calarn- rj':;g;\

    z:!

    7: ZX
    *"afil:lo
    ,Rig:

    of the e m s of our forefathers,r Jerusalem and


    your people are an abject of reproach t o dI
    those round a b u t us.& l 7 And now listen, 0 oar
    24!9 God,a to the prayer of your servant and to his
    NU ~ i : =
    entreaties, and cause your fnce t o shinef upon
    Ps 1:6
    IIF B T : ~ your sanctuary that is desolated,a for the sake
    U L 5~ : ~
    of Jeh0vah.b lnIncline your ear, O my God,a
    h e n r . ~Do opcn your eye8 and see our destsV~,F\t;Iynnd
    l n i d cconditlens nnd 1Ae d t y that has been
    y,",~,rgif;~ called by your name;"Y lor not according to our
    T
    cI
    righteous acts are we letting our entreaties fa11
    ~1 vrmbB
    I,i:~
    before you," but according to your many mercfcs.*In
    0 J e h ~ v a h do
    , ~ hearmu
    0 J e h o ~ a h ,do
    ~
    r,{;:,$f;:o
    ('"I c . l
    :'.;r
    I l !9 forgive.@"O Jehovah," do pay attention and
    <:l'h 21 act.: Do not delay,' for your own sake, 0 my
    GY:l;
    1-3 ~ : s
    for your atvn n m e has been called upon
    e:l,g your city and upon your people.'*9
    20 While X was yet speaking and praying and
    confessing my in" and the sin of my people
    "g?;
    rrqa 0:s
    Ismel* and letting my request fop favor fall
    before Jehovalz my Goda concerning the holy
    lc"@c8:3
    :;g;$ mountain of my Gad,k at and [while] I was yet
    speaking in the prayer, why, the manf Ga'bri; -- e l , K " whom I had seen In the vision a t the start,
    -- 1 t ~

    *,+=;:

    ity-it has come upon us,' and we have not jj; ejl~i
    softened the face of Jehovah our Goda by turning back from our error" and by shewing in- n!$$;l,3
    Jrar 2.30
    sight into your trueness:
    .TlV k 3
    2k10
    14 "And Jehovah kept dert to the calamity
    for Jehovah bJer44:2
    and flnaIIy brought it upon
    our Godc is righteous in all Ms works that he
    has done; and we have not obeyedd his voice: 'Na9:S3
    15 "And now, 0 Jehovahs our God,c you
    who brought your people out from the land of
    Egypt by a strong hand' and proceeded to make
    a name for yourself as at this day," we hnve
    sinned," we have acted wickedly. Iu 0 Jehovah,* r , ~~ o f i : ~
    ~ccordjngto all your acts of rfghtm~tsness,k*id: ?i5ts
    please, may your anger and your rage turn
    back from your city Jerusalem, your holy
    mountain;" for, m u s e of our a i m and because

    !&,

    ""'"''

    nzey{7

    " V i e [trnc] Gad?' See rase 3,footnoto r, bl'Rim,"'


    h L ; P X Y RF;
    '@up many Hebrew umn~lwripb. *"God." M, EI.o.Lin'. $Or,
    " l i ~ t m ~to."'
    d e4'Jehovt&" eight Elebrew mnnusc~*iptaand three
    Hebrew piinted editions and TTgSy; Da,apdtos K ~ j ' ~ i . o aLdL.3 t ~ l l l f f J ;d,danny', 31. T
    !& is onc of tho 154 pnsaagcfi in which tlie
    Sowisrh Soplleiim claim they ~ l t e r e dthe rimitive Ilohnw text ta
    read d.dn.uny' instead o f Ytho.noh'. f"$hovnh," Y ~ f i p ;D ~ . r l r o tea, LSXRshLf@;
    ~ . d o . n a g ' ,AL T h i ~i s one o f tho 134 paamre* in
    rr.hich the Jewish Sopherim d a b they dtctred the pritnil~vsllcbraw
    test to read B.c700.rray'instead of Y@l~o~tualr'. .

    11

    '1'4

    BcP

    ibCi~d." XI El.0.h im'. h "J~haenb," ";MI A .do.nnyP; LXIYftahlfs,


    *'your w ~ ~ m t 0
    s ,Sovereign h r r l [D~.ttpa'tes]'\ IZT, " ~ ' a u r w ,
    Q Jrhnrah"; Tg, "yaitr o m srlf'? xy, "your nnme, O Jebovsh?
    'I'hir; is one of the 13.4 pnsnngcs in ~vhietithe J c w i ~ l l Sopherim
    rI11irn ttiq dterod tho primitire I-l~l~rcw
    test tn rend d.do.nayf
    in~twrlof F71o.u*nb', Or, litrmIlg, " ~ ~ p o st~irb
    n
    your nnme I I R ~
    Irwn called," Y. d "Jehovah," L.U-'I'g; A.doia.wta~"
    M. This is w o
    a

    "

    the 134 passngcs iu rvhich tho Jc~vinh Ropherim claim they


    nllcrpd the piimiiive Hehrew text t o ~ c n ddl ,rlo,~mj/'instead o f
    1"ha.wwh'. *<'Jehovnh," LX..YRfihlb, hrrt omittrd hy L,XXVgS>*;
    A.dn.nay', M, This i s oua of tho 134 pnssngcs irl wl~lalitlle Jilwish
    Sopherim c l h they nltor~rl the pn~niti~o
    I,Ich~cmtext to read
    d.do.nayt instead o f Tfho~tvah', " l ' h p INW." 31, ha-isle; XI,P.Y,
    ho n.~l~r';Vg, ~ri.
    K''C;a'b~i.cl.''Scc Umiol S: 15, footnote f.
    nL'

    229

    having been made weary with tiredness,' was


    arriving by me at the time of the evening gift
    offering.' z8 And he proceeded t o impart under- k!r, i:;m
    standing and speak with me and say:
    "0DanieI, now I have come forth t o make
    you have insight with undesstanding.8 " At the
    start of your entreaties a word went forth, and
    T myself have come to make repol$ because
    you are someone very desirable.' So give con- tkiEflg
    siderationut o the matter, and have understand- ,& ;g3
    ing in the thing seen.
    VEX3.7:16
    24 "There are seventy uwksw t h a t hsve
    been determinedc upon your peoplev and upon I + I ~2(;!:I
    2:~
    your holy city,y in order to terminate the trans- ahn
    L,, 1 : ~
    -LU 1.77
    gression,:z and t o h i s h off sin,* and t o make Eh'1c7:1R
    atonemenp for error," and t o bring in right- i;;2$2B
    eousness for times indefinite: and t o imprint n;;1,3,:?,:
    a seal upono vision and prophet,*O and to anoint $;;:;;fl
    the Holy of Holies.g* z6 A n d you should know ;,:ti#
    and have the insight [that] from the going o.r,,ii
    forth of [the] word to restore and to rebuild ':frf!i
    Jerusalemm until R?les.si'ahhX [the] Leader,*
    zig
    there will be seven weeks, also shty-two
    weeks.k She will return and be actually rebuilt, !,';5,2?,,
    with a public square and moat, but in the straits 'i,", :' 1"f:2"2
    J<III I :43
    of the times.
    L 1 . U 3:l
    muHnring been made weary with tirdnm," Bf; %ring bai4ne

    F;r;iT

    n,lor 23:W

    \:z4
    @:;
    .r;I;?z
    111:ao

    dong speedily," L + X X k h l f ~c4flying


    ;
    sp~etlilg,"YF "Jl'c.rkrr!q
    "trect of ; r r r a ~ " is mentioned in the Jeris11 Jitshrtu11, in n n t ~ n
    n i ~ r s i u9 8 ; xnrl in Sasehrdrin 6,i. {See H. Dnnbp's English trarslntion [I950 edition], pages 3G3, 388.) Or, "deridcrl; drrrccrl,"
    Literally, P,L'sewred,"
    or, "cut off."' Si, t,d~~.tJ~nirilr',
    a Or, t n ~ ~ i o k e
    ropitintion." N,ka.pFr'. a Or, "to eon&; to gicc nuthority to."
    Eitcrnap, ''to
    3~ ~ ' ~ r o p h e t ~. )h~n ia,
    t LO popbety. or,
    "the Most Holy." M, qo'desk pB.dZ.bMm'. Compare h'urnbcm I t ) : 10;
    I IGng 6 : 16; 7: 50; 8: 6, b "IIessi'nh." 1
    ' , ilfn~slti'nhh; 'leg,
    Clt ris't us; Sy, X'sfii'Jbha. Or, "an Anointed OtmP

    DANIEL 9:26-10:3

    26 "And after the sixtymtwo weeks Mes.si.aha


    will be cut off ,n with nothingb for himself.'
    "And the city and the holy place the people
    of a leader that js coming will bring to their
    rufn.8 And the end of j t c will be by the flood.
    And until [the] end there will be war; what is
    decided upon is deso1atians.t
    27 "And he must kcep rthe] mvenantba in
    fol.rclVor the mnnyo for one week;' and a t the
    hntl of the wcek hc will cause sacrifice and gift
    ofiring to cease.Y
    '"nd upon the wing! d disgusting things
    thcrc! will be the one causing desolation;z and
    ur-~tflnn cxtcrmlnation,' the very thing decided
    upon will go pouring outg also upon the one
    tying d e s ~ l x t e . " ~ ~ ~
    h the third year of Cy'msi" the king
    of Persia there was a matter revealed
    to Daniel, whose name was called Eel.te.shaztznr;Qnnd the matter mas true,j+and there was
    a grent military s e r v i ~ e even
    , ~ to understand
    the matter, and he had understanding in the

    dnys I myself, Daniel, happened


    g for three full tveek;spkAa Dainty
    A-

    I f , Jln.~Ri'uBh; Tg, Chria'eu~; 67,MYshsVhR~.01;


    ~ \ t ~ o i i i tOUP."
    d
    Or, "no o ~ ~ e . " Or, "him," In the nlasenline
    ~ ~ r a r l r ~hrncc
    i.;
    not referring to the city, whicli is feminine. Or,
    t~lc)ivliternlly, "mnst n~nlcen ~ovrnantmighty,'' X. Or,"the grand
    ~rt~m,'.'
    hl, ha-rnb.bim> II.XX,pol.lui'; Tfg. n~ttl'ti. Or, "extremi@.fJ
    11. l ; ~ l . r ~ ~ p k '"Go
    .
    pollring out." Or,"he! poured OII~." h Or, p?&Illy, "Lhr one cnusina dc~olatiw." $1, ako.m~m'; this part~mpla
    l~ljvingde\-clopcd f m ~ nthe po.~l'form of pnrticiple mesha.m?na',
    \vl~ictl nppenrrr in t b ~~ m r cm e with " d i ~ p s t i nthings."
    ~
    See also
    1)n11iel H : 13, footnote 11. I "Cgt~?rs,"-g; Kho resla, X; Ky'ros,
    L S I . t Litcrnlly* "tiuth.'"!,
    em.eth'. k Literully, "three weeks of
    rlnysi%,
    0

    "hlln.g.si'n11."

    *'~ITI

    "

    DANIEL 10:4-10

    230

    bread I did net eat, and no flesh or tvlne entered


    into my mouth, and in no way did P grease
    myself until the completing of the three full
    And on the twenty-fourth day of the kMt
    nlst month, whiIe I myself happened to be an
    the bank of the great river, thnt is, Hid'de,kel,b71nGe2:i4

    "

    ~Rlsoproceeded to raise my ryes ~ n see,


    d and

    231

    palms of my hands.

    n:m
    lo:ln

    *T)R

    "m a:2a

    r& 12:s

    here rvas a certain manc clotherl in linen,'' with sIsa 1k5


    1 1 1:13
    ~
    111s hipsA girded with goldQof U'ph~z.'~'And tJer
    l0:9
    his body was like chrysolite," and his face like L;y;,'Eg
    the zlppearnnce of lightningY2V~ n his
    d eyes like %
    :?;;
    /I
    fiery torches,~and his arms and thc! place of his ;;y "174
    ;1
    f r e t w r e like the sight of burnlfil~eclcopper,z " ~ 2 2
    I
    and the sound of his words was like the sound

    of a cronvcl.' ;And 3 saw, I Daniel by myself, ' 1 ~ e k z 4


    the appxrance; but as for the menf that ImpI
    pened to be with me, they did not see the appearance.' However, there was a great trern- T 1 2 7
    blln~:that fell upon them, so that they went AC 2 2 9
    running away in hiding themselves,
    8 And 1-1 was left remafnfng by myself,
    so that 1 saw this great a p p e a r a n c ~And
    . ~ there
    f&
    was left remaining in me no power,@~ n dmy ~+II;;$
    own dignity became changed upon me to n~ina- H R 5.16
    ~
    tion, and I retaind no power. '"nd I began "I" 17'"
    1
    hearing the sound of his rvords; and whIIe X
    was hearing the sound of his word.qI I rnyselfi
    also happened t o be fast asleep upon my f ~ c e ,
    with my face t o the earth.+ And, look! there gh2fg15
    was a hand that touched me,' and it gradually &:r9;!i
    stirred me up t o [get] upon my knees and the 1 g;$:j;
    I

    Litcmlly, "three r e e k of dap," M.

    b 'T~icl'dr.ke1,"52 ; "TiP@,"
    I...SX\'g; "Eu.phraPtes,"Sy. "Hid'da+kcl" m ~ n n n"Active; Vehemcnt Rnpid." a Literfly, "one inan [klr]," M, "Gold." 31,
    krtk'rra; nn l3gyptim word. "W~dllneIv31; o.bry'itr.tj4 ("refilmed1'),
    Tg.. "Men," 31, a.t?d.shina'; the plnrnl nl~ndlcrof ish,

    DANIEL 10:11-16

    k A @8!R

    I.!l

    :' 11)

    11,- I I /

    tz>:24

    Ilas:a

    A ~ I,, I ~ 4

    wnrrls have been heard, nncl I myself have come


    of your words.' I 'But the prIncec of the
    1-oyn1 realm of Persiau was stnnding in oppsi-

    II~.,"~..,
    I)c-ca~~scl
    *\a. 1.1 ' L i

    ;J.; ;5,]bl;z
    1

    #.

    bx

    > Ib,. I.::$


    11
    .~llltt-

    1 ! 4 ~ I?:?

    n.141t1 17.3

    caarl
    I I 2: 10

    tin, to me for twenty-one dnysFv am?, lock!


    Mi*ch~.el,~S
    one of the foremoste princes,=canme
    to help me; and I, for my Dart, remained* there
    besirlo the kings of Persia. Ii And I Rave came
    to cause you to discern what will b ~ f d your
    l

    p~ople. in the final part of the clays," because


    it is s virion yet for the days [to come].1FA
    f 5 Now when he spoke wlth me words like
    I ) , , 1:' I
    I
    thrse, I had set my face to the earth and had
    C l r r r Y I'i
    I
    1.2)
    bccome speechIess.- 'C And, look! one similar to
    the likeness of t h e sons of mankjnilf~was touching my lips," and I begm t o open my mouth"
    a,t ~ nn:?
    p~8/1u:l:l:22
    and speak and say to the one who was standing
    mf;;;,?i!$ in front of me: "0 my lord,t14because of the
    appearance my convulsions were turned within
    *T:RR:ZR

    n:jfi

    ri;~.
    I
    t )tt 2Td
    ar)rt Ic.yrr

    '

    .II

    *+-A

    F,ilcmllr, "lnnn [isit] of desirable thinp," M. b "Qod." 51, E/.a*'brinrc." 11, snr; LA=, arrr'klrCm; ys, p r i s ' c ~ p . d c'h[iPr.2111.rl,~'
    hII,SSVgSy, Meaning ''Tl'ho Ir T,ilic Ootl [ KI J P" Or,
    "llrht."
    for my part, remained," ?IIvg; "him I Etbl.'t," L 9 X .
    C 1 hia, "m~n." 31, n.daml. "My Iord." MI d .dohni'; Vg, Do'naibtius
    8

    birtt'. a

    up, shivering.~t
    12 And hc went on to say to me: "Do not be
    nfr~tlcF,tl0 Daniel, for from the first day that
    you Rnve your heart t o unclerstandingy and
    httrnbling yourself before your Godh" your
    rtrnlitl

    ~trm.n:d
    1 Ijll1

    l1 A n d bc proceeded to say
    t o me:
    "0 Daniel, you very desirable man,&"have
    understanding in t h e words that I: am speaking
    t o you," and stand up where you were ~ctanding,
    for now I have been sent to you."
    And when he spoke with me this word, f did

    9T18'21~.

    how
    me, and I did not retain any power."
    was the servant of this my lordB able t o speak
    with this my lord?an And as fqr me, up t o now
    there kept standing in me no power, and no
    breatha a t all was left remaining in me."r
    '18 And the one like the appearance of an
    earthling manb proceeded t o touch me again
    and strengthen me." l oThen he said: "Do not
    be afraid,t 6 very desirable man."" May you
    have peace.v Be strong, yes, be stpong."y And
    as soon as he spoke with me I exerted my
    strength and finally said: 'Xet my lord speak,a
    because you have strengLhened me."* SO he
    went an t o say:
    "Do you really know why I have come to
    you? And now I shall ga back to fight with the
    printed of PersianoWhile I am going forth,
    Iook! also t h e princed of Greecee Is c ~ r n i n g . ~
    "'However, I shall tell you the things noted

    down in the writing of truth,O and there is no


    one holding strongly wifh me in these [things]
    but Mi'cI~a.el,~+
    the prince of YOU people?
    "And as for me, in the first year of
    Da-ri'usg the Medexthere was a standing
    up, on my part, as a strengthener and as a
    fortress t o him. "nd now what is truth I shall
    tell t o you:#
    "Look! There will yet be three kings stand-

    11

    iL31ylord!' 31, a.do.wir; Tg, dofn>i.nus meftrs. b"An earthling


    man." 31, o,daw~'; LXX, nm'flaro.pos; VgJ LoP~no. Wee verse 11,
    footnote a. driPrince." 31, snr; L a , ar'khdm; Vg, pr6~~'ceps.
    "Greece." X , To.wa.n'; L X X , "the Hel'lenes (or, Greeks)''; 'CTg,
    "the Greeks (G17eoiana)," f "3ii'che.el." See veiuse13, footnote d.
    K 'iDa.~4/~s,''NTgSy ; "Cy'ms,"
    L X X , Arabic, LXXRahlf3, See
    Daniel 5 : 3l, footnote c. Says Darfrrs t h e Nede-A IStrcdy im BistovicaI Identdfieatio?m,by John C. mt- 1584 battom of next page.]
    a

    ing up for Persla,k and the fourth onen win


    amass greater riches than all [others] .' And
    as soon as he has become strong in his riches,
    he will rouse up everything against the kingdom of
    'lC'l
    3 "And a mightyb kingc will certainly stand
    h a 6(;:10
    g; i;:C",p and rule with extensive dominiondt and do
    nccordlng to his will.0~ And when he wfII have
    t l 111 i.ri
    i ) t ~H .j
    ~ 1 0 0 ~upIV
    1 his lringdom wiIl be broken and be
    I111 h I .
    111 111 s. In
    divided toward the four windsQf the heavens,y
    v I ',I :F::{!S
    but not to his posterityz and not according to
    I
    ,a
    1 H:H
    his dominiond with which he had ruled; because
    ,
    his kingdom will be uprooted,' even for others
    :
    t h a n these.
    5 "And the king of the souths will become
    strong, even [one] of his princes; and he will
    1114zr4:6
    kE"P4:5
    5

    1 -

    1:

    [flowtintred from botfonk of prsrious page.] comb, $r., professor of


    "It
    i s tn~e
    that the name
    'Darius the
    X L r Testn~ncnt,
    d r ~ i a snot on
    yetpages
    bee1166,67
    fonlid: i
    n any
    extra-Biblical
    inscription
    of

    prig-Christian times. h'evei.theIessj Gubxrn the Goaeinor of Babylon tits the Biblical desoription of Dwiw the 31etle so rem~rkahlg
    tl~nl,the writer believes he will be recognized in due time ns the
    lllonorch wllo played such an impoitant role in the life of Daniel
    rtIllrr the Fnll of Bnl~ylon., . , In similar fashion, He assurcd Ris
    11~11,l'Pl'~thnt ' t l ~ cscripture cnnliot be broken' (John 1 0 : 35) ; and
    t1111l 'OIIC j o t or ouc t.ittle shall in no -vise pass from the lam, till
    rtll things be accomplished' (Matt. 5 : 18). It is ia this light that
    t l ~ r !Christian scholar mnst approach the Scriptues anrl inrestigate
    HIIPII pruhlems as the his.toricity of Dnrius the Merle. EMaolivictioxl
    tllrll Uarius the Meds actually lived in the sixth century B.C. nnd
    11id the things ascribed to him in the Book of Daniel doea not
    cl~pmldupon the confkmation of cnneiform doc~mmts,but he is
    cbo~lficlentthat the d i s c o ~ e qof new documents can o d y serve to
    (aon6rm the statements of God's Word."-February,
    1959.
    "Greece," Tg; $'the Greeks," L X X ; Ya.wan: M. b "Nighty." M,
    "ICing,ll M L m T g ; '(king, Naxandcr the first son of
    Philip," Sy, d Or, ('rulership," e Or, "plenaure." 31, srs.ts6~'. f Or,
    "directions." 31, s.llJakb (iu the plural number) ; LXX, ahne.moi;
    Vg, ventti. g "South." hf, neg'eb.
    a

    gib.bdb.

    prevail against him and will certainly rule with


    extensive dominiona [greater than] that one's
    ruling power.
    6 "And at the end of [sohe] years they will
    ally themselves with each other, and the very
    daughter of the king of the southb will came to
    the king of the north in order t o make an equitable arrangement, But she will not retain the
    power of her arm;" and he will not stand, nei- 'abmT5
    ther his arm; and she will be given up, she
    herself, and those bringing her in, and he who
    caused her birth, and the one making. her strong
    in [those] times. And one from the sprout" of
    her roots will certainly stand up in his position,
    31:30
    and he will come t o the military force and come lGe
    EX 12:u
    against the fortress of the king of the north and $: fi;::
    will certainly act against them and prevail. ffa:$+;\
    " And also with their
    with their molten i;; :$g
    images, with their desirableo articles of silver hnrr 4 : ~
    and of gold,'+ [and] with the captives he will fj?&$:5
    come to Egypt. And he himself will f o r [sorne]
    years stand off from the king of the north.
    9 "And he wiIl actually come into the kingdom of the king of the south and go back t o his
    own soil.
    10 "Now as for his sons,a they will excite
    themselves and actually gather together a
    crowd of large military forces. And in coming
    be will certainly come and flood over and pass
    through. But he will go back, and hee will
    excite himself all the way to his fortress.
    11 "And the king of the south will embitter
    Or, '(rulemhip." b "South," M, neg'sb.
    "Gods." N, s2.o.him';
    LXX, kok tke.oif; Vg, di'i, d "Sons," 3flnarginLXX'ITg; "son,"
    UXXRah'fS.
    "He," Xmargin and many Hebrew mmsnuscripts,
    LYXTg; "they;' X5y.
    a

    himseIf and will have to go forth and fight with


    him, [that is,] with the king d the north; and
    he will certainly have a large crowd stand up,
    and the crowd will actually be given into the
    '"~9:"
    hand of tha.t one." I2Arsd the crowd will certainly be carried away. His heart will become
    and he will actually cause tens of
    * 2c'll
    ~ ~ Zfl:llJ
    , ~ ; exalted,"
    4~o
    I
    h
    n
    ~
    ~
    ~
    n
    ntod fall;
    s but he will not use hi&strong
    ;It '11 ,t:',>'r,
    posil ion,
    13 '"nd the king of the north must return
    I I f 1 5 YI
    1 : : d : ~ and set up a crowd larger than the first; and
    at the end of the times, [some] years, he will
    3',yKf comel doing ss with a great militaryk force and
    And in those times there
    l rP::;I
    lsflm:24
    yr:I-lwith much baggage."
    wiIl be many who will stand up against the
    king of the south.
    "And t h e sons of the robbers belonging to
    your people will, for their part, be carried along
    rAc5:36
    to try making a vision come true;lSand they will
    have t o stumble.s
    15 "And the king of the north will come and
    throw up" a siege rampartt and actuaIly cap'3,"rgh3a
    And as for the
    :$JM
    ; %;?' ture a city with fo~tifications.~
    arms
    of
    the
    south,
    they
    mi11
    not
    stand, neither
    ?Itkzc 17:11
    the people of his picked ones; and there will be
    no power to keep standing. le And the one cornvDa11:3
    ing against him mil1 do according t o his will,v
    and
    there will be no one standing before him.
    4s:a
    And
    he will stand in the land of the Decoration,y
    2
    and
    there will be extermination in his hand,b
    !;;,;?f;5G
    HJ,V ,
    2:
    5,
    3 l7 A n d he wiIl set his face to come with the
    I

    'I,

    I.,f1

    '

    11,

    111 I

    JI~.

    &:,,

    ,,,

    izj; forcehlness of his entire kingdom, and there


    JiteralIq., "'pour out," 11, b"The1-e t ~ d Ibe extermination in hi1
    hand," 11; or, kg a change of ro~velpointing, ('all of it will be
    in hk ha~~cl."
    a

    DANEL 11:18-24

    236

    237

    WIl be equitable [terns7 with him; and he will zm 1 ~ act effectively.' And as regards the daughter of 'DB
    wornanl~ind,~
    It will be granted t o him to bring
    her t o ruin. And she will not stand, and she will
    not continue to be his." "And he will turn his DPTIB:W
    face back ta the coastlands'''' and wilP actually 4Jer2:10
    capture many. And a commander will have t o
    make the reproach from him cease for himself,
    [so that] his reproach will not be. He will make
    It turn back upon that one. l o And he will turn
    his lace back t o the fortresses of his [ o m ]
    land, and he will certainly stumble and fall, and
    he will not be ioundmb
    bPS~ on:2
    b2 % ~
    20 "And there must stand up In his position
    one*who is causing an e x ~ c t e l ct o~ pass through ;L,U, 5;
    537
    the splendid kingdom," and in e fern dayse he
    will be broken, but not in anger nor in warfare.
    21 "And there must stand up in his position
    one who is t o be despised,"nd they will cex- 'p07-$,8
    tainly not set upon him the dignity of [the]
    kingdom; and he w i l l actually come in during a
    freedom from carel( and take hold of [the]
    kinydarn by means of stn~olhness.~~l
    ":And as nP5 55.21
    regards the arms of the flood, they will be
    flooded over on account of him, and they will
    be brolren; as will also the Leaderr of [the] P2S,n!j5$
    covenant." " And because of their allying them- $j:$!l'
    selves with him he will carry on deception and
    :ig
    actctally come up and become mighty by means "lC 3:25
    of a little nation.Bt And during freedom from tphp 1 ~ 3

    tlg,"B?j;m care,^ even Into the fatness of the jurisdictional


    district he will enter in and aetu~llydo what his
    fathers and the fathers of his fathers h ~ v enot
    done. Plunder and spoil and goods he mill scatter
    among thenr, and against fortifted places he will
    scheme out hls schemes,v but only until a time.
    t2B&4
    P'3
    25 "And he will arouse his power and his
    ,,,
    :,,;.,
    '
    hrnrt rrr:rllnsl thr! ltIng of the south with R great
    Jlor I l,lD
    rnilitnry rarcc: and Ihe king of thc south, for
    his pnrl, will cxcite himself for the war with an
    exccdingly great and mighty military force.
    And he will not stand, because they will scheme
    out n~ninsthjm schemes.' : 9 n d the very ones
    e a l i t ~his
    ~ : tlelicnciesa will bring 113s brerlkdown.
    "And as lor his military force, it will be
    flooded away,"d
    many will certainly fall

    :;,"a$Tt

    kAr&!,jn

    e;

    Litelanlly, "the women,'' 11, Or, rridnnd~~'

    cxa~tar'~;

    ogsihl?,, of taxes. Compare 2 Knm 23: 35. Or, "a t n ~ i m n s t e ~ . "


    ?I, a ~ . ~ ( a 1' .Litem11y, "the spl~ndarof n kingdom: Eil. * '#Inn
    Few dnys," 31Vg; "in later [afbr] rtya," anc Hebrew manuscript;
    "in dlnnl [fnrthest] dayq" L-LX. Or, " d ~kling
    t
    conduct [strite,
    of a netion," 11,
    mentsJ;." L ~ t c r ~ l l y''fewness

    '

    DANEL 11:25-30

    I .

    1
    1

    down slain.
    27 "And as regards these two kings, their
    heart ~ l i l lbe Inclined t o doing whnt ir bad,.
    xRizi and
    ~t one l ~ b l ea lie is what they will keep
    'I'P 12.20
    [ll.zs:23 speaking.* But nothing mill succeed,cl because
    '.lr'r 0:3
    s yet for the time appointed?
    r:
    .
    tG
    7>a
    p1
    S:ICI
    : ) : ~ [the1 end I
    l r n b ?:3
    28 $'And he will go back t o his land with a
    311 ?.1:1
    I.,, 2 1 za ~ r c n tnmount of goods, and his heart will be
    hiq 1 :7
    against Ihe holy covenant.0 And he will act
    025n7:12
    Wrt '13:s
    effectively' nnd certainly go baclc to his land.
    ,,,
    29 "At the time appointed he will go back,
    I,??, -,
    1.tl LL
    *'':a
    t1.17 and he will actually come against the south;c
    rrm ir:a

    ,,

    but it will not pmve to be at the last the same


    as a t the Brsta630 And there will certainly come
    1 x 1 231
    ~
    23:12 against hjm the ships of Rit'tim,"lKand he wilr
    have t o become dejected.
    ge$j!$

    .r;c

    lU:4

    N U 2k24
    11-11 1:7
    IYL1

    Or, %t his (dinner) table." b f V i l i flood o~er,"'MI,XXbhlf5;


    "will mcep nwny," LIX; 6irill be orerthr~wn!~YE; "'mill be
    acnitered," 8y. a "Sauth." Jf, nsg9b. "The ship of Wt'th."
    '130rnnns9'; Vg, "Lrireme~and Romans!'

    "And he will actually go back and hurl denunciations against the holy covenantu and act
    effectively; and he will have to go back and
    will give consideration to those leaving the holy
    c0venan.t. And there will be armsa that wit1

    36 "And t h e king will actually do according

    to his own will,&and he will exalt himself" and


    magnify himselfb above every god;ck and
    pug;\
    If;zg,;J
    against t h e God of godsdn he will speak marvel11;$;&&7
    ous things. And he will certainly prove successstand up, proceeding from him; and they will
    ful until [the] denunciation will have come to
    *P 318 a f i n i ~ hbecause
    actually profane the sanctuary,w1Ethe fortres~,~
    ;~
    the thing decided upon must
    ~Da~ 12:7
    ~ ~ ; ~ 5 , 1
    be
    clone.
    ayAnd
    t
    o
    the gode of his fathers he
    and remove the constant [feature] .an
    Re 11:Z
    will give no consideration; and to the desire
    "And they will certainly put in placee the dis- nz;g;p
    HEY.P w.14
    \1111llrl:3 of womenb and to every other godr3 he will
    PS 110:.14
    gusting thingr that is causing deso1ationmrs
    Da 8 3 2
    give no consideration, but over everyone he
    32 "And those who are acting wickedly ,g;:$:E
    1 4 : ~will magnify h i r n ~ e l f . ~ "But
    ~ to the godf of
    against [the] covenant,' he tviIl lead into apos"1%::
    Portre~ses,~~
    in his position he will give glory;
    tasyu by means of smooth ~vards?But as reand t o a gadf that his fathers did not know he
    gards the people who are knowing their God,g" ~uIsa
    L Uzz:zo
    32:G
    will
    give glory by means of gold and by means
    they will prevailh m d act effectively. a3 And as r p s 55.21
    of silver and by means of precious stone and
    regards those having insight among the ~ e o p I e ,Yj%1"7"::
    ~
    by means of desirable things. Ss And he will act
    they will impart understanding to the many.* Zga"3:2"::,
    effectively against the most fortified strongAnd they will certainly be made t o stumble by k;p$Fl
    holds, along with a foreign god.f Whoever has
    sword and by flame, by captivity and by plun- ,?;;$*5
    given [him] recognition he will make abound
    dering, far [some] daysbiJY 4 But when they are n$",:;i
    with glory, and he will actually make them rule
    made to stumble they will be helped with a
    %2\m
    ;2
    among many; and [the] ground he will apporlittle help;* and many will certainly join themla:$
    1
    tion out for a price.
    selves t o them by means of srn~othness.J"~And A$
    some of those having insight will he made to 4iF&49
    40 "And in the time of [the] end the king
    10:22
    stumble,' in order to do a refining work because +RIt
    of
    the south will engage with him in a pushing,
    -RE 2:10
    of them and to do a cleansing and to do a
    and against him the king of the north will storm
    whitening, until the time of [the] end;@because 0g,"$3i?
    with chariots andwith horsemen and with many
    it is yet for the time appointed."
    x Be
    ~ 14:15
    17:17
    e
    ' G e 4 9 : ~ ships;O and he will actually enter into the lands
    and flood over and pass through. He will also
    afLArms."Those of the hurnn~ibody, bnt here in a symbolic sense.

    2:;

    s~;a;",

    "$3,1;;:,13

    k The sanctuary." IK, Izaw-naiq.rlashT; LXX, t o 1 t ~ ' ~ i . o n Vg7


    ;
    sa?ac.tu.a'ri.ztm. Or, "stranghold." ill, nncs.'6:',
    Or, <'the continual
    [~acr~Qce]
    ." RT,, hat-ta.m~d'; EXY, "the sacriff ce', ; Vg, "the cpntinnal sacrifioe." eliterally, "c~rtsrinl~
    give,?' 11. f Or, "cnus~ng
    ttstonishment." 31, mgsho.mFwr'. C o ~ p ~ a rDnniel
    e
    9 : 27 footnote 11.
    gd6&otl."M. El.o.himt. h Or, ''will ahom strength."
    mnng
    dap," many Hebrew rnfinuscripts and printed editions. i Or, "flnttering conduct [statmental

    ah or

    ."

    JI, $ba.tsdn. "OF, "and boast." C ('God.'' M, ,I;


    Or,
    I,XX, tks.os'; STg, rle'cs, d "The Clod of gods.'l M,El el.irnt; L X X ,
    Ro Yhe.osr tda the.finf; Vg, De'~r8 de.ofr!i?n. '"God." Or, "gods."
    ST, e1.0.him'; hut, possibly, in the plural number o f g~nndeursnd
    cxcellenay. L X X , tbe.oit; ;1 ae'w. L'Qod.'' 31, sl.dab; the plum1
    n m b e r of which k cl.o.killa', g Or, 'will boast." h "The god o f
    fortz.esses (stronghoIds)." &I, el.o1ah mfi.'ua.8im1; 7-g, de'tis 31laofi?n.
    f

    I/

    241

    DANIEL 12:2-7

    rMt2k2a that time your people wilI escape,r every one


    mgzg;y
    uPsM:~
    is found written down in the book.s And
    Ek;i$ao who
    I s a 4:2
    there
    will be many of those asleep in the ground
    2;; g L & 6
    of dust who will wake up,t these to indefinitely
    will escape out of his hand, E'dom and Mo'abv p;;; t"elf:S
    lasting lifeu and those t o reproaches [and] t o
    and t h e main partc of t h e sons of Am'mon. D , s : ~
    '2plFi?
    Da 11:16
    vMt ~ 5 1

    actually enterm into the land of the Decorat i ~ nand


    , ~there
    ~ will be many [landslbthat will
    be made to stumble. But these are the ones that

    4aAnd he will keep thrusting out his hand a 11:45


    against the lands; and as regards the land vJCr4s:46
    of Egypt,Y she will not prove t o be an escapee. yJer9:26
    4 8 And he will actually rule over the hidden
    treasures of the gdd and the silver and over all
    the desirable things of Egypt. And the Lib'yansd and t h e E-thi.o'pi.anse mi11 be at his steps.
    44 "But there will be reportsf that will terri- zne
    35:16
    fy him,= out of the sunrising* and out sf the
    :gmtx;
    north, and he will certaidy go forth in a great Eze 3837
    rage in order to annihuate and t o devote many *;::$216
    t o destructi~n.~
    45 And he will plant his palatial
    gBe2f&
    tents between [the] grand seag and the holy
    Da11:lE
    mountain of Deco~ation;"~
    and he will have to DEze
    come all the way t o his end,$ and thew will be 2Tlz 59.4
    1:g
    +Rc 19:20
    no helper for him.'
    eDa 10:13
    "And during that time Mi'cha.eltm will .EdPag7
    stand up,. the great princejs* who is 3;',;:
    standing in behaIf of the sons of your peop1e.k kF;33:4;4
    And there will certainly occur a time of distress Ga 6:16
    such as has not been made t o occur since there
    came t o be a nation until that timeanAnd during nMt 24:2'

    12

    Or, 'rdecomti~elmd"; or, "beautiful land." b '(33;any [lands]."


    The n d j e c t i ~ e''many" is in tho feminine gender, plural n~unher,
    evidently referring to lands (feminine). '.Tile main part.', Literally, "the beginlling," Al. "The Libry.ana,""
    L X X ; "Lihty.n," Vg;
    Lu.bih~tf, 31. ""The E.fhi.o'pi.ans," LXX; "E.thi.o'pi.a,"
    Vg;
    Khu.shim', N.
    more literally, ''things heard," ill, g "[The]
    g r ~ n dsea.') Literally, "seng,') MLXXT-g; "sea,'J Sy. h Or, "holy
    decorative mountain"; or, "holy beautiful mountain." a "liLi'cha.el,"
    See Daniel LO : 13, footnote d, i L'PrinceFMTg; "angel? L X X Rahlfa; '(ruler" (arrLhGn) , LXX.

    indefinitely lasting abh0rrence.V


    3 "And the ones having insight will shine
    Hlrc the brightness" of the expanse;v and those
    y,bf;$E
    who are bringing the many to righteous~less,~
    like the stars to time indefinite, even forever.
    4 "And as for you, O Daniel, make secret
    'Da 8 : m the words and seal up the book,* until the time
    ano8!17 of [the] end.ho Many will rove about, and the
    "Ian 1i:a
    [true] knowledge will become abundant."*
    5 And I saw, I Daniel, and, look! there were
    10:s
    ne 10:16 two others standing,O one on the bank here of
    t h e streamc and the other on the bank there of
    + D a m 4 the stream.c+ T h e n one said to the mand
    1~
    clothed with the linen? who was up above the
    waters of the
    "Row Iong will it be to
    the
    end
    of
    the
    wonderful
    things?"" 'And 3: be'gnaaE
    a7,4:iQ
    6:10
    gan to hear the mand cIothed with the linen,
    who was up above the waters of t h e
    as he proceeded t o raise his right [hand] and
    ,
    ,
    ,
    ,
    :
    ,
    ,
    ,~ cJr 4~. 2 ~his' Icft
    ~ ~[hand]
    ~ , to the heavens and to swear'
    by
    the
    One
    who is alive for time indefinite:IE
    Dn 4:.M
    "It
    will
    be
    for
    an appointed time, appointed
    nPUn .-a
    t i c b11.2
    t h e s e and a half." And as soon as there mill
    Ilc 12.6
    rL~12.14 have been a finishing of the dashing of the
    Itc 13.5
    rnn 24 powerf of the holy people to pieces,' all these
    things will come to their finish."
    ;
    4

    ' Or, "shining:'


    \

    b KEnd." 11, kFZs; L X X , syn.tel%ei.m (seo Matthew


    13 : 39, footnote e; 24: 3, footnote b ; % 5: 20, footnote b). Or,
    "river." RI, yvdr, d "Man." &I,ishj Pg, ~ i r . ''An appointed time,
    ~ ~ p o i n t etimes."
    rl
    31,nro?dd' mo.'a.din~'; L X X , kai.rosP ka6 kai.rodp;
    TTg, tena'pus et tem'po.~a, Compare Revelation 12:14,footnote d.
    Literally, "band." M, gad; Vg, ma'nus.

    I
    8 Now as for me, I heard, but I could not
    mderstand;~so that I said; "0my lord,a what nc 1:7
    Is:M
    wiU be the k a l part of these things?"t
    IDn
    XPe10:14
    1:11
    9 And he went on to say: "Go,Daniel, bec a w the words are made secret and sealed up
    until the time of [the] ertd.ll Many will uDaatm
    cleanse themselvesv and whiten themselvesy and VEd&&
    will be refined.= And the wicked ones will cer;?;;:;!Y
    t d y act wickedly, and no wicked ones at all e ! * n 11:33
    ?,T.l! 3..?
    will understand;' but the ones having insight -T>:, 3. I;
    I : '3
    will understand.O
    Dl'.. 111.10
    i'r B:,I
    11 "'And from the time that the constant 1I n I : :3
    [feature] has been removedGand there has Ah,':
    been a placing of the disgusting thing' that is ,!; 3$1:
    causing desolation,c there will be one thousand 'g;
    MT 13:16
    two hundred and ninety days,
    12 "HappgP is the oned who 1s keeping In DMt"3
    expectation and who arrives at the one thousand three hundred and thirty-five days!
    13 "And as for you yourself, go toward the
    ~;$~~
    end;"* and you will rest," but you will stand up ek an c; :1731
    A c 24:35
    for your lot at the endf of the daysh1'k
    I I C m:1:?
    I'O my lord!' M, A.do.ni'; L X X , K~'ri.08;Vg, Darmi.)r?rs
    rr~~'*ra.
    b Or, "the continual [~laerdce]."31, lint-tn*mtd ;L d X ,
    "the m c ~ i -

    HOSEAa
    6

    A;!:;

    dce". Tg, "the contiuual gacrifiee," t "Thnt is cnneing dennlntinn."


    Or, 'that is crrusing astoni~hruent!' N, s71o.mgm'. Uotnpnre DnnirI
    9 : 27, foulnote h. '.Happy i s the one." LiterallyJ "0 the hnppi~~es!?
    of the one!" KC; Biu.ka8ri.os Jw, L a ; Be.o'tzrs qlri, Frg. Cotnpnre
    Pmlm 1:X, footnote h, and Matthew 5 : 3 ; Luke ti : 20. "Torvnrtl
    the end," ATVgSv; absent fwln L Z . "The end." 11, qe's; L S X ,
    s!!w.t~l'ei.a;Tg, finis. See Terse 4,footnote b.

    of
    1The
    HosetaaD
    son of
    Jo'tham;

    Jehovah-tbat
    o c c u d to
    Bee'ri in the day9 of
    A'haF [and] Hez-e-ki'ah,'
    1 r E n ~of~ Judah, and in the days of Jer.0-bo'am'
    , L I Ilro son of Jo'nsh,)' Ihe Icing of Israel. There
    W ~ I Sn stnrt of the wad of Jehovah by HQ-seta,a
    ;?;(I1
    l<i'l<i 1.1, i f 1
    and Jehovah proceeded to say to H o - ~ e ' a : ~
    lllnn?n:2
    "GQ,"fake to yourself a wife of fornicationb
    md
    fornication,r because by forni~ ~ ! cation
    d childrenc
    ~ the; land
    ~ of~positively
    turns from follonsing
    CY l l~S 31
    4:4
    C :lO Jehovah,"'
    3 And he proceeded t o go and take Gv'mer
    the daughter of Dib.latlm, so that she became
    pregnantDand in time bore t o him a sonat
    4 And Jehovah went on t o say t a him: "Cdl
    ulICI n:1 his name Jeztre.el,ufor yet a little while and I
    must hold an accounting far the acts of bloodshed a Jeztre.elcYagainst the house of Je'hu,y
    v;g!;y and
    I must cause the kingdom of the house of
    ; ; ; ; ; ; ;Y
    %arc1 r a : ~Isrncl to cease,x And ft must occur in that day
    '1'
    I h a t I must break the bow* of Israel in the low
    rl.fr,a 17:18 plain" of J,nz're,cl,"Q
    J H a::a
    6 And she proceeded t o become prewant another time and to give birth to a daughter. And
    'Jer 1.6

    n m 9:25
    1: L
    hllr l:P
    b23CL 15:18
    .21(1
    1
    15:92
    1
    t

    word
    the
    UZ.Z~'R~,~

    ye

    4'

    T,itcr.ntFp,

    "Ho.shetrt," 31 ; meaning "sal~ntian; deTirerance."


    ( I l r > . ~ ~ 'isn t h I~l n t of thc TwcEvc Prophet-., whwe prophwies the
    Il~d~ri*\v.i
    group !n~c:ctlrerns one l m k , rnmely, Hosea, Joel, h o s ,
    1 lljrltl~ah, Jct~~nll,
    Ahco h, Xnhr~tn, Hnhkkuk, Zephnnial~, Hagai,
    Xrr~tir~rinl~,
    Blnlnchi.) b O r , '"prgstilution!' ?rl, ec~rzr.nirn'; see Ezel i i ~ l 23: 11, 29; C i c l l ~ r i3R:
    ~ 24. ''Jcz're.el.'' The royal City of the
    k i r ~ ~ofs uo~-ltlrcrnIsrflct, dtlrougll $n.u$.,nr8i.nwas their capital c i e .
    -9 I C i n ~ sH : 29; 0 : 13, 23, 30-37;10 :1-11. Or, "tl~evalley."
    243

    HOSEA 2 :3--9

    HOSEA 1:7-2: 2

    Hea went on to say to him : ''Call her name


    Lo-ru.haJmah,mfor Ishall no more show mercy J H ~ 2 : a
    again to the house of Israel, because I shall
    positively take them awayaCo
    "ut t o the house e$$,'
    of Judah I shall show mercy,' and 1 win save +g!kF;J
    them by Jehovah their God;*"hut I shall not c - l i l ~tl::r.?
    fiave them by a bow o r by a sward or by mnr,
    XISR w:m
    by horses or by horsemen.""
    8 And she gradually weaned Lo-ruoha'mah,b
    and she proceeded t o became pregnant ~ n glve
    d ,,,,
    bifth to a son. So Hee said: "Call his name wg--$&~B
    Lo-amhi,' because 1 - o men
    ~
    are not my peopleg
    x;;$
    and I myself shall prove io be not rouffs.]=*
    I~ I . l e
    IIE 3 ' 4
    10 ''And the number of the sons of Israel tt.lr :;7:23
    must become like the grains of the sand of the I : ~ ~ 1 2 ~ ~ E a
    sea that cannot be measured or numbered.!' ;j;;,\!f2
    And it must occur that in the place in ~vhicllit ;p;$J$
    used t o be said to them, 'You men are not my Ry;;,;m;;i2
    people,'@"it will be said t o them, 'The sons of . r ~ , r3.13
    the living God.'lr l1 And the sons of Judal2 and :!i3:
    the sons of Israel will certainly he csllected to. g!,C&:,?
    gether into a unityja and will actually set up
    f o r ttlemselves one head and go up out of the ;.;;;,:!$
    land,t because greatmilE be the day of Jez're.el.l=u ;I'; ;y43
    lia 1 3
    "SAT to YOUR brothers, 'My people!'lv and v?<.P
    ?,:I,;
    to YOUR sisters, '0woman shorn
    ,':i.rn
    SCarry on a legal case with YOUR mother;* ":;:F';,:
    "Tie," ML.Wg; "Jehowh," SF.b Slcnning iiWoman Sot Plln~rn

    ,,:,

    E,

    Jlcyy." Literally, "She Was Not Shown 31elnc;e," 11.

    Or, " t h n t
    I ~110llldpositif-ely pardon them." "Gorl." hl, fll,o.l&r~'. *r'I[cJ"
    I I L S S V g T ; "Jehovah," Sy. Or,literally, "Not I l p Pcople." 31,

    "

    Lo-@rtvr.naxt. "Kot my people." 311, Io-'ar?~.n~l'. ITitll t I1i8 verac cbnpt ~ 1r etlrls in 3LLLPH, followed by chapter 11; birt i t 1 TgSyT
    rhnpter I continues on f o r irro verses marc, I "Ciod." M, E&.I " l ~ l t a
    n unity." 34 ga717f.daw< .Meaning 'God [EJ] s i l l sow aced."
    "%y
    peop1~I"31, 'am.mi'. mBl, Ru.Jr.cs'n~alr.Iikrnlly, "She hag
    heet~shown ~uercy."

    carry on a legal case, for she is not my wifea'


    and I am not her husband,hC3And she should
    put away her fornication from before herself
    and her acts of adultery from between her
    breasts,* a that f may not strip her naked3 and
    actually place her ns in the day of her being
    born,* and achnlIy set her like a wildernesse
    nnd plncr?har l l l c ~n wnte~*less
    Innrl"find put her
    l o dcalh wllIl t l~irat."'& And to EICP sons I shall
    not show rncrcy,I~for thcy are thc sons of fornication." For thelr mother has committed fornication-r She that was pregnant with them has
    acted shamefully,~
    for she has said, 'I \\*ant to
    go after thosc passionately laving me,t those
    giving my bread nncl my water, my wool and m y
    linen, my oil and my dz3nk.'11
    6 "Therefore here 1 am hedging your way
    about with thorns; and I will heap up a stone
    wall against her, so that her own roadways she
    will not find.' And she will ~ctuallychase after
    her passionate levers, but she will not overtake
    them;r and slie will actually look far them, but
    she will not find [them] .Z And she will ectudly
    say, 'I want to go nnd return to my husband,'
    the flrst one, Tor 1had it better at that time
    than now.'" a But she herself did not recognizeo
    that it was I who had given to her the grain'
    and the sweet wine@and the oil, and that I had
    made silver itself abound for her, and gold,
    [which] they m ~ d ettse of for BaWar
    9 '"Therefore I shall turn back and certainly
    take away my grain in its tjme and my sweet
    wine in its season,"and I will snatch away my
    Or, "moman." M, ish,sl~alr',b Ot, ltmnn,pJBf8 bh.
    i n h a Bakl [image]!'

    * OF,'Ithey maas

    HOSEA 2 :10-17

    246

    247

    HOSEA 2:18--3:1

    wool and m y linen for cavedng her nalcednessmklDAnd now I shall uncover her private l(F:f$T
    p r t s t o the eyes of her passionate lovers,ll and
    :;;.;;
    there will k no mana t o snatch her out of my PIIe 5:14
    hand,' I L And I shall certainly cause all her exul- Harr ;:am1
    tation,"er
    festival,' per new moona and her lt"n'5:2'
    l ~ m b l t1:l.y
    sabbathQ and her every festal season to cense. >IL I?:'
    l"~d
    I wiIl lay desolate her vineV and her fig """R:5
    tree, of wl~ichshe has said, "They RE a gift to
    me, which my passionate lovers have glvcn t o
    me"; and I will set them as a forcst,Y and the
    $j:J
    wilcl beast of the field mill: certainly dcvour hllC :{:12
    222
    them. " And I will hold an accountingx aga!nst xJiQr
    rn 3:Z
    her for all the days of the Ba'al imagesh)*to $'9;,:;
    which she kept making sacrificial smoke,: when ;
    : +;.m
    she kept decking herself with her ring and her
    2wIQ
    o~.alarnentand kept going after her passionate
    lovers,' and I was the one that she forgot,'" is :!;:$,
    UZI? 22:12
    the utterance of Jehovah.
    14 " 'Therefore here T am prevailing upon
    her, and I will cause her to go into the wilder.
    20:35
    ness,@and I rvill speak t o her heart." And I "z'.J 19:3
    will give her her vineyards from then onwardlM" ~ ; $ Z J ,
    and the Valley" of A'cho91' as an entrance to l(i.[;s6;:!f
    hope;n and she will certainly answer there as In $l$;:l
    the days a her youth' and as in the day of her rl'lA1
    151
    coming up out of the land of Egypt."'" And I t
    must occur in that day,Ys the utter~nceof
    Jehovah, 'that you d l call [me 1 My hushand,c'
    and you mill no longer call me My owner,'m 7j'1'1 fl:?
    17 '"And I will remove the names of the ,,Exl,as:la
    Bdal images" from her mouth,u and they wlll &;

    ,t

    cblInn!qf, ish, b OF, "the Ba'nlq!Yf,


    Irrr-D'kJirjtE; L I X , Aoi
    Bnt~lEwi;Vg, Banlim. Or, YOITplain?' Jtenning "Trat~hle." Or,
    6'anu." 51, isk. Or, 'Bri'al." 31, D~''eb

    no longer remember& [them] by their namemv


    '&And for them I s h ~ l lcertainly conclude a
    covenant in that day in connection with the
    '.=e1:25
    wild beast of the fieldr and with the flying creature of the heavens and the creeping thing of
    the ground, and the bow and the s~vordand war
    1 will make
    =P,B,?j6f I shall break out ot the land,"nd
    l:hcm I!(! down in security." "%nd I will engage
    ' 1.IN
    . 1 ~ zR:S
    .':!:n
    1
    :
    you to mr I'or iimr indrlinitc," rmrl I will engage
    you to mc in rigl~tcousncssnnd in justice and
    4:1
    in loving-kindncssl' and in mercies." ""nd
    I
    will engage you l o me In faithfulness; and you
    g43 will certainly know 3ehovah.c"
    21 " 'And it must occur in that dw that I shalI
    H C243
    S~; ~ I
    '15" =:24
    anaver," +is the utterance of Jehovah, 'I shall answer the heavens, and they, for their part, will
    s:12 answer the earth;" 2 2 and the earth, for its part,
    mPs 7216 will answer the ma.inul and the stveet wine and
    TJermll

    'Hn 3:4

    Ho 1:11

    *$; ;$:g
    kRo11:m

    n"o
    RIY g.-.)
    1
    :
    s
    Ilr ? : I 0
    p~ al,

    1:lo

    %rc 2:11
    Zec 133

    the oil; and they, E m Iheir part, will answer


    Jez're.el [ =God wlll sow seed]
    And I shall
    certainly saw her like seed for me in the earth,#
    and I will shorn mercy to her who mas not shown
    mercy,dk and I will say to those not my p ~ p l e , ~
    "Yo~tare my p~ople";~
    and they, lor their part,i

    ."

    YOU
    my Gd." "%r
    And Jehovah went on to say to me: "Go
    once again, love R woman loved by a cornrpanianlle
    ~ & , and committing adultery: as in the
    MY)

    Or, "mention," b Or,"lognl lore.7' Jl, B A c ~ ~ e r0f "Know


    .
    Jel~ovah,""
    IISy; L d h o tho
    l ~ L~lrf1~"
    LSX; h h ~ thnt
    ~ n 1~nm
    ~ Ychnrnh," Tg and
    allout 45 Hebrew ~unnndrriptc"'Tllr rmlin wns not RIIOIV~I rneycg."
    hl, 10-rz~.kn'nsah, Sea H o ~ r n1:6,footnotit b. a Or, " t h ~On@ not my
    ~~cople.'~
    31, 70-@am.nai'.NPC IIosrrt 1: 0, I'ootnab f. qLilernllp, "it
    itself,'* referridg t o
    rr-hirh is ~ i l l ~ t r in
    l n ~nnmbcr, mnsculine in gender, in 31. g "(;orl." JI, EE.a.ltrm', b " b ~ c d1)y n cami,nnion," Tit'g; 'Llavinghntt t bik~gs,'V~XSSy.
    4

    HOSEA 3:2-4:3

    case of Jehovah's Iove far the sons of IsraeIt me7:7


    while they are turning to other godssu and are u$$ iOiR3
    vJes 7:18
    loviilg raisin cakes."~
    2 And I proceeded to purchslse her for myself
    for fifteen silver [piemsly and a ho'rner meas- ISns a4:la
    18:25
    ureb of barley and a half-ho'mel* of barley.
    Then I said to her: "For many days you win
    dwell as mine.. You must not commit fornica- z,e
    ;P
    ;;
    tlon,' and you must not come to belong to~;;D
    SICL IR,IO
    21:?3
    [another]
    and I also rvill be for you." AEze
    es, a ~ . a
    EL@ 41, 14
    4 It is because for many days the sons of TF:I ~ 2 ;
    Israel will dtvell without a kingn and rvithout ij\,?,i.:
    ;a prince" and without a sacrlflce4 and rvithout +$,"($:,
    a pillart and without an eph'od" ~ n r tl~ r a p h i m . ~:E";:;:.'s;!;i
    Afterwards the sons of Israel will come back J,: 17 5
    3.22
    and certainly look for Jehov~htheir God,e4 and #Jcr
    k ;cr a::9
    for David nIleir king;k and they will certainly
    come trembling0 to JehovahiLand to his good- $;:!,$;
    SMIC 2:1
    ness in the Anal part of the days.r
    Hear the word of Jehovah, 0 sans o f Israel,
    far Jehovah has a legal case \vl# the inhabitants of the land,c8for there is no trutht ;gy$$
    nor loving-kindnessF nor kno~vlcdgeof Gode in
    the 1and.f~'There are the pronouncing of U J e e Q : 2 2
    cursesv and the telling of ljesY and murderingz ; ~ ~ f ~ ? l ,
    and stealing' and committing of fornication' $
    ;; $?1;9
    that have broken forth, and nct.5: of bloodshed QEze2237
    Axo6:9
    IIRV~
    to~~ched
    other acts of bloodshed." That is
    why the landf will mournband every inhabitant brim 8:s
    in I t ~ v i l lhave t o fade away with the wild beast
    ''Qods."' AT, cI.olRimr; modiflad by the arljertive for "other7' in

    ,!,,

    ~~~~~~

    the plural uumhcr. b A hofmcr eqndcd 10 llushcls 4 quarts. ot'..l


    bnlf-lro'mrr." 11,?8'fkekk; T'p, "Yirill' II car [ho'mer]!' Horrercr, tha
    trnditioa !hat n le'tkeklr qunlod half n cor or ho'mer has not been
    d "tlnother man,." LIX; "n mm," 3117gSy. 3I., ish. "#orl."
    Fl a.kimR. f Oi, '"earth." 31, or'ets. Or, "loyal love." IT, Lhea'~d,

    K"-

    HOSEA 4:-

    249

    248

    of the field and with the flying creature of the


    heavens, and even the fishes of the sea themselves will be gathered [in death] .a'
    *bcr12:4
    LCP 1:3
    ' I A r n 5:13
    4 rrHowever,let no manbcontend: neither let
    a mantJreprove, as your people are like those
    'fmlg:l8 who are contending against a
    a And
    'Jer 6 ~ 4 YOU wllE certainly stumble in the daytime," and
    cvrn a pmphrt must stumble with you, as at
    I r J n r ~ : l Bnlfil~t,lc
    Anrl I 1 ~ 4 1 1~ m your
    t
    mothct' t o silencean
    1rJt.r 13:H
    '' My pcoplc \vilI certainly be silenced, because
    rr*h 5:13
    there is no knowledge.' Because the knatvledge
    2:
    ISwhat you yourself have r e j e ~ t e dI, ~shall aIso
    Mnl 2 : f
    I
    1 I : rcjcct you from serving as a priest to me;h and
    I %fhrnI l :H
    I~ICCIIUWI you lceep forgetting the lnw of your
    ~ I ~ 1I1:9
    I
    1121i1 1 7 : ~G~d,~lla
    I shnll forget your sons, even IaV
    In
    Iqri 1T:lO
    r l s n 3:id proportion t o the multitude of them, so they
    ; 12:n have sinned against mess M y own glory they
    '
    have exchanged for mere dishonor.0zT h e sin"
    of my people is what they keep devouring, and

    Or, "will diol'; or, "ri*ill Ilc tnlreu r~rcny."See Isainh B;S : 1,
    M,i ~ hC. liere bf

    "Man."

    scrrns obscl~re,cruiow corrections h c i n ~


    w~i~gcstcd.
    d '*t:~tl." >I, El.o.kim1. Olbrlrodactian to tke fifrr.~.~nrr.riro-Uriiica1
    E:diriors 0)' the n ~ l ~ r ~niblr,
    i t r hy G. Q. Girjhnrg, pnge 355, 8 n p :
    ~ P R~ t n f ntllnt the originnl rmrllng hrrc was
    " T l i ~nnrii-rtf ~1tlI1~1rif
    l~f>.tl[u~a'
    t7tcir g l ~ r ~14/ 111
    . i t is eviclcnt
    kHt1,).(ti' fih!j J / l o r / / 1, ZINIIVUI01'
    I'l-lrrri tIic contt<si,tlmt 11ii.; only exhibits pnrkinllg Ilic nlterntion
    ~vllirhthc Soplje~~iru
    jntroduecd here, &nee ' I will c h n n p m p glory
    i r ~ l r , ~hnme' is both ~ignjnst the context and ngninet Il~eprinciple
    nltic.11 ~mtlerlics thwr nltcmtiotls. There cnu, tficrrforr, 1 ~ :no
    rll~icl~tthnt tile nltprntio~r nlso included the wrh rvllich ns the
    Slt.cliilthx La romtuuntnry by rabbis on Exodus] ri,nhlly poir~taout
    rvtl~ originnlly

    kc.rr~ir' or hc.mitrlr Eiplril preterite third person,

    i.v, t k s p have cAarlgrr7, instend of a.mirl future flmt p o ~ ~ ositigulnr,


    n
    i.n. I will ckrrraga, Acco~rtinglythe text arigjnally ~ o a d
    :
    My glory thoy Ilnvc chnllx~dinto shame
    '
    rvl~irht h e Sophorim nltcl-crl into:
    Their glory I will rhnnW iitlto shame."
    With this SyT ngrcc, TINR cnse is one of the 'Tightem Emendations', of the Jewish 8opbcrirn. Compare Genesis 18 : 22, footnote n,

    HOSEA 4:9--15

    to their error they keep lifting up theIra soul." *?,-g$::'j


    9 ''And it wilI have t o become for tile people
    the same as for the priest;=and E shall cert~lnlyni:;$2i
    hold an accounting against them for Il~cir
    ways,A and their dealings I shall bring back '2;
    upon them.# And they will actually cat, but 0E:c5j?2
    \ f r i l l not get satisfied.* They will actually treat ' ~ (i: ~1.J ~
    [women] as prostitutes; but they will not inbecause they have left oft pp~yjngre" m " o g : l l
    ah.r:la
    gard to Jehovah himelf." Fon~icntion ~ t n d"rl1
    En. 1s:: 1
    "'t-":'~
    wine and sweet wine are what take naay good
    rnotive.c3 l2 Of their wooden [idol] 1j m y own "FF ?jf?
    people keep inquiring," and their own I hand 1 7;,:r;.:(,
    staff keeps telling them; because the vetmyspirit
    of fornication has caused them to tvandcr off,ll "IE kll
    and by fornication they go out from under their
    God," ' W n the tops of the mountains they rEm16:17
    sacrifice,*and on the hills they make sacrificial "nF3 s
    smoke,t under vigorous tree and storax tree trsc R:f3
    and big tree, because its shade is goodmu
    That is ulRfl
    why YOUR daughters commit fornlcatio~land
    lG:dO
    YOUR own daughters-in-law commit adultery."
    14 "Shall I not hold an accounting agni~~st
    POUR daughters because they commit f o r n i c ~ tion, and against YOLR daughters-in-law because
    they coinrnit adultery? For, as regards them,
    i t is with the prostituten' women that they get
    off to themselves,y and with the femflle temple
    $2;;
    prostitutesz that they sacrifice; and n people ;;;;:;!;?
    [that] does not understand ~rpill be trodden ]to:+ .I:L L19
    clown.* " Although you are committing fernica- a1I',l)h
    *./p ~ 2 5
    tion, 0 Israel," let not Judah become guilty: ":,',:!:*

    &?:$:,

    HOSEA 4: 16-5 :6

    251

    250

    "Tl~pir," nbont 20 Hebrow mnunscnpta nnd LXS17rSyT; ''his,''


    31. b L a S ~ ~ t lOr,
    . " "soulful desire." Irr, $1rpk'cslr; L X S , pay.clrrri';
    I'g, n'*ii.nrar. CGtemll~,'"take nlrny n I~enrt," 11, d Liternllp,
    '*their irce," 31. * "God." If. El.o.hiv~'.

    '

    come to Gil'gal," neithe~


    go up t o Beth-a"ven+nor swear 'AsJehovah is
    . u n r s : ~ alive!'a "For, like a stubl~omcow. Israel has
    Jer 5.2
    become stubbonr."1s it now that Jehovah wjlI
    KJcr 3.6
    shepherd them like a younR ram in a roomy
    place?'
    l7 E8p1lra.jm is joined with idols.lc Let
    ~~0~~~
    Ho 1 3 2 him be t o hirnseIE!" " Their wheat beera being
    nhrt 1 5 3 4
    rprsa1:22 gone,' they h ~ v epositively treated [woman]
    "Ha 4:10 as a prostitute,s Her shielclcrsm have positively
    rnps 47:9
    lMic 3:11 loved dishon0r.t l o A nlinA1jhas wrapped her up
    user 911 in its wings." And they will be ashamed of their
    and do not YOU people

    'Ho58
    H o 10:5

    cI.sa J2:17

    ~ ~ ~ r i f i ~ p ~ . ' ~ ~

    r%l I S

    5 "Hear of Israel,*
    for

    this, 0 priestw' and pay attention, O


    and YOU, 0 house of the
    king,' give car,
    WEh YOL' people the fudgment has to do; because n trapJ is what \-ow

    ~l~l11:7

    'How
    ="c '3

    heuse

    have become to Miz'pnh and as a net spread


    over Ta'bor.* And in slnughter work those
    !Isn 28:15 falling away have gone deep d o \ ~ a and
    , ~ I was
    '2cIls:15 an exhortation to all of them,+ 1 personally
    EIs" 7'5
    have known E'phr~~im,"'
    and Israel j tself has
    "Am 3:2 not been hiddrn from me.' For now,O E'phrah,'
    you
    have treated
    prosEittltes;*
    I
    &
    ~
    ~ [women]
    ~ like
    ~
    kE" 2 3 5 Israel has defiled i t~eIf.~rTheir dealings do not
    "ps79:8 permit of a returning to their GorF,cll because
    there is a spDit of fornication in the midst of
    rR04:12 them;r and Jehovah himself they have not
    nJer9:6
    acknowldclgd.fl And the pride of Israel has
    trsa 9 3
    testified to his face$ ~ n c Israel
    l
    and E'phra.im
    ~Isa
    themselves are made to stumble in their error.u
    Judah has also stumbled with them.v With
    their floclc and with their herd they proceeded
    to go and Iook for Jehovah, but they could not
    'Jer d e l S

    Or, "their liquor." X, so'bo, Or, 'Cpirit." 11, r~'aAh; LXX,


    p ~ w ' m a ; Bg, spir'i.trtrs. a 'Qod." b1, El.o.lrrmP,

    HOSEA 5:7-15

    252

    find [him] .Y He had drawn away from them, yEze 8:18


    With Jehovah himself they have dealt treach48:B
    erously,"or it is to strange sons that they have zIsa
    Jer 3:20
    1:2
    become fatheram"
    Now a month wiII devour them @Mt
    *Ne 1324
    ~ Z @11:g
    2
    with their portions;
    8 "BLOW a bugle& against Gik~'e.ah,~
    a tmm- A J e r 4:s
    pet" against Rakah!' SHOUT
    a war cry at Beth- !J#27"::?
    435
    a'venB--after you, 0 Benjamin!" 0 E ' p h r a h , @Ho
    x J g 5:14
    a mere object of astonishment you will become
    285
    in the day of rebuke.' Among t h e tribes of *Ism
    H o 9:13
    kIsa
    &:3
    Israel I have made known trustworthy words."
    I v The princes of Judah have become just like
    1!3:14
    those moving back a b0undary.n Upon them I nDe
    Re 21:17
    shall pour out my fury just like water.' r Ex 14:28
    l3 Etphra.im is oppressed, crushed in justice,a sDe 28:33
    for he had taken it upon himself to walk after
    his adversary.ct l3And I was Iike t h e mnothdu tlleKai 7m:1
    :2
    to E'phra-im and just like rottenness to the uIsn 50.9
    %-Fr14:30
    house of Judah.v
    13 "And Erphra.irn got to see his sickness,r YZKI 1919
    and Judah his ulcer.2 And Etphra.im proceeded zJes 30:13
    3:18
    to go to As.syr'i.ac* and send to the King Jar- 3Na
    *21<1 1 5 : ~
    reb.On But that one himself was unable to give O H 0 10:B
    healing to YOU people," and he could not take wci128:m
    from YOU an ulcer with any cureBfi
    l4 For I shall be bJer 30:15
    7:a
    like a young lion to Erphra.im+and like a maned +PS
    Ho 137
    young lion to the house of JudahneI, I myself lIsn 31:4
    shall tear to pieces" and I shall go [and] carry XPS 5022
    off, and there will be no deliverer.* l3 1 shall go, *Isa 5:29
    l K l 8:10
    I will return to my pIacek until they bear their kEze
    8:s
    a Or, "shorphar.'~
    A ~tX.Ztighttrnmpet; not like the shopphar,vhich
    was curved like a ram's horn. See Kumbers 10 : 2. "His ndversa~y,'> by a eorreetion of 31; literally, " a commandment:' 31;

    "rnnities," L X X S y ; "filth,'> Vg. d "110th." Or, possibly, "pukefaction," LXX, "disturbanoe." * "%g Jatreb." Or,mare literally,
    "a king [that] should conte-nd," 31.

    253

    HOSEA 6 :1-9

    and they will certainly seek my face.=


    When
    they
    are in sore st.raits,Vhey will seek
    s ISa
    D e 4:30
    13:&
    t J e r 2 : ~me,')"
    "Come, wou people, and do let us return to
    uIsa 5 5 3
    fer 3:22
    Jehovah,u
    for he himself has torn in piecesy
    V P S 50:22
    and
    he
    will
    healD
    u s 7 He proceeded t o strike
    O Jmes33:6
    ~
    r8
    3 2 s and he will bind us up." He will make us alive
    after two days,* On the third day he mill make
    9g;e2$;!4
    20:s US get up, and we shal'l live before him." U n d
    Dn 123
    Re i1:11 we will know,we will pursue to know Jehovah."
    AIsa 51.13
    EZSn23:4 Like dawn,O his going fodh is firrnIy estafs5Pe ?:I9 lished.+And he will come in like a pouring raih
    4 :
    m a 4 4 : 3 to US;^ like a spring rain that saturates [the]
    job 29:23 earth,'nx
    Jas 5:7
    4 "What shall I do t o you, O Erphra.im?
    "13a5:3
    What shalI I do t o you, 0 Judah,# when the
    laving-kindnessa of YOU people is like the morni n g clouds and Iike the dew that early goes
    away? That is why I shall have t o hew [them]
    k2Ch 2192 by the pr0phets;k I shall have to kill them by
    \?ii7 the sayings of my mouth," And the judgments
    r ~ c p3:s
    upon you mill be as the light that goes forth.'
    sMC12:7
    For in Ioving-kindness&I have taken delight,"
    tPr 21:3
    and not in sacrifice;t and in the knowIedge of
    i y i ; ~ ~ Godb
    2 2 rather than in whole burnto offering^.^
    But they themselves, like earthling man,c have
    overstepped
    [the] covenant.' There is where
    ~$5:48:g
    k7&x
    ~Isa
    t h e y have dealt treacherously with me? a Gil'e:g;$::ff adz is a town of practicers of what is harmful;"
    their footprints are b I ~ o d . And
    ~ as in the Iying
    DIKi
    Isa 52:5
    93
    dPrl:ll
    in wait f o a~ man,dAthe association of priests
    4Ezem25 are marauding bands."y
    the wayside they
    +1mx:E commit murder at She'chem,' because they have

    &
    ,; :i?x

    nAzA

    Or, 'loyal love."

    b L'God." M, El.o.kimr, e Or, "like A'dam," M,


    kea.dama'. a "A man." 11, ish.
    a

    HOSEA 6:1@-7:8

    254

    camled on nothing but loose conduct." l o In the


    house of Israel I have seen a horrible thing." *Jmg:m
    There there is fornication au the part of E'phra3:6
    im." Israel has defiled itself,jt Furthermore, 0 Wer
    1 ~ 2 K i173
    Jud~Il,a harvest has been Axed for you,l~when 11Joc 2 1 3
    f gather the captive ones of my people."
    "At the time that I would llring hcalina to
    &.srael,r the error of Erphm.im is also actu- rm =39
    alIy uncovered,s and the bad thl ngs of SmmarP-$F~F;~
    i . q t f o r they have practiced S a l s e h a o d , ' ~cl ~aEze 1k:6
    uder 9.3
    thief himself comes in;a maraucler hand act~~nlly
    rn~kesn clash on the outside,v Ant1 thcy do not vHfl6:9
    s ~ yto their own hearty t h ~ a11
    t their bndness yE:t;ii,,
    I will remember." Now their dc~lingshave sur- fF$;ilO
    rounded them.' In front of my face they have ,p,f g;
    come to bear By their badness they malce I the] ,if&
    Ei9
    king rejoice, and, by their lies, princes." 'All of ROe r 1531
    3%
    l
    them are adulterers," like a furnace s e t hurlling O ~ + x a3.5
    by a baker, [who] ceases poking after k n e ~ d i n g
    ,:,
    dough until it is leavened.+ On the dny of our ,J;;ii;g
    king,' princes have sickened themselvesa-there
    is n rage because of wine.' Iie has drawn his :
    g gj;
    hand nlong with deriders. T o r they have
    brought their heart near as t o a furnace;* It *ZSa13:m
    is htrrning inside them.lr All night long their kFr4:16
    bnker is sleeping; by tnorning [the ftirnnce]a is
    burning as with a flaming Are.n 'They get , n M i c k l
    hot, a11 of them, Iike the ft~rnace,and they actually devour their judges.= Their own kings 5%
    have all fallen;. none among them i s calling
    :;

    ,,,,

    out to me.'
    8 "As for EPphra.irn,it fs among the peoples

    "[The fuimnce]." Literally,


    to the Eunlnco.

    HOSEA 7 :9-16

    255

    *;:

    tJw 993
    Eze 22:33

    in the mnsdulino gchdcr, to refer

    rlE;g:F
    '.RO3:15

    f htlt he personally mingles himself .u Epphra.im


    himself has h a m e a round cake not tiirnd an
    the other side.^ Stmngers have eaten zrp his

    potver,Y and he himself has not come to know


    I ,% Also, gray hairs themaelves hnve become
    white on him, but he himself has not come to
    5:3
    know Sit]. lo And the pride of Israel has tsti,
    :
    Aed tohisface,"andthey have not returned to
    Zrcl:r
    : I 1
    Jehovah their C;Ot3,aa ~ O I *have they looked for
    i t ( l 7.11
    '
    1
    1
    him because of all this.; " And E'phra.irn proves
    +I1i'
    fi:.P!
    to be Iike a simple-minded dove5 without
    6 x 1 17:4
    heart."' To Egypt they have ~ n l l c dto
    ; ~As.syrfi.a
    -:ICI
    , 1rb:ig
    ,
    they have gone." Whichever wny thcy go, I
    ; t ; ; '1
    :
    shall spread out over them my net.' Like flying0
    crcahres of the heavens I shall bring them
    kEce:m dottin.l{ I shall discipline them in agreement
    with the report to their a s ~ e m b l y . ~ lWoe
    ~
    to
    g4$2:E
    -151
    17:w them,r for they have fled from me!#Havoc to
    1'1 1 R : 2 0
    P I Y I L3 t : ~ them, for they have transgressed against me!
    Krcl lfi 23
    And I myself proceeded t o redeem thom,t but
    I
    I
    t1s11
    h1lc4u:.~
    1:~d
    they themselves have spoken lies Even agnlnst
    ~ l ~ ~ n me,"
    c ~ : 1 And
    ~
    they did not call t o m e for aid with
    rhn2g:J3 their heart," although they kept howling on
    J c r 3:lp
    PILEI 5 9 : . ~ their b e d s , ~
    On account of their grain and sweet
    a J ~ 0 : 3 7 \vine they kept 1-g
    about;' they kept turning
    against me. And I, for my part, did disciplin~ against
    * ~ c ~ 4 ; 2 ~ 0 ing;' I strengthened their ~ r r n f i ,but
    liJ:6 MI?
    they
    kept
    scheming
    what
    was
    bad.*
    l%nd
    c1-1. 6:Xe
    they proceeded t o return, n ~ to
    t anything
    cJor3:lo
    hjgher;cb they had become like R loose bow.+
    -Pa 78:57
    By the sword their princes uviIIfall because of
    Ehedenwlciati~noftheirton~e.~~Thiswil
    FIdn 3:8
    PAc2:j
    ' : : their derision in the land of Egypt,'J'

    !2/:/?~::,3,
    23 :n
    ~1'1'

    '

    "fJod!) IrL, EZ.o.hinkr.


    ul~wnl~cl,"
    Y.

    OP,"good motivt?." &I, Idb, a Literally, "noh

    HOSEA 8 :1-10

    256

    4:s
    "TO your moutha--a buglelb* [One comes] *Jer
    1Co 14:s
    like an eaglem against the house of Jeho- WlJ 4
    4:13
    vah,]<for the reason that they have overstepped kJer
    Hab 1:8
    my covenant,n and against my law they have nJer 3k32
    transgressed.r To me they keep crying, '0my r2RI 17:15
    sLsa a 1
    God, we, Israel, have known you.'a
    3 "Israel has cast off go0d.t Let one who is an tPs 36:3
    3%
    enemy pursue him.u 'They themselves have oZep
    uLe 2 6 2 6
    2.2
    set up kings," but not because of me. They have OMt
    vU<i 12:X
    set up princes, but I did not know [it]. With
    their saver and their gold they have made for
    125%
    themselves idoLs,Y to the end t h a t theyc may be YllCi
    41ICi 13:34
    CEx
    3
    24
    cut off.a OYour ca1P has been cast off,* 0 *Ho 10:5
    Sa.mar4.a. My anger has grown hot against
    17:18
    them." How long wilI they be incapable of inno- aZK1
    U e r 414
    cency?' For from IsxaeI was even this.O A V P s 106:18
    135:15
    mere craftsman made it,' and it is not Godid +Ps
    Isa 44:8
    Jer
    because the calf of Sa.mar'i.ae will become mlKl 10:3
    12:28
    X 2 K 1 23:15
    mere splinters."
    7 "For it is winde that they keep sowing, and
    4.8
    a stormwind is what they will reap.Yt has no *Job
    Pr 22:s
    G a 6:7
    standing grain.k No sprout produces A0ur.n kIsa
    17:11
    Should any perhaps produce [it], strangers nJer 1223
    s D e 28:33
    themselves will swallow it dorm,'
    2K1 15:29
    8 "Israel must be .swallowed d0wn.a Now a2Ki 1831
    they must come to be among the nations,t like tLe 26:83
    a vessel in which there is no delight,^ T o r they uIsa 30:14
    15:19
    themselves have gone up ta A~.syr'i.a,~
    as a vZXl
    Eze 23:5
    yJer
    2:24
    zebra isolated t o itse1f.Y In E'phra.im's case,
    they have hired lovers.= Also, although they aEze 16:33
    keep hiring [them] among the nations,* I shall 'Eze 1637
    now collect them together; and they wiU be a

    257

    Lite~nlly,:'palate," M. b Or, ''sho'phar.." Ci'They," LXXVgSy;


    "one the) ," M. '"od."
    11, E1.0.78dblk'; L X X , Tke.0~'. ' ' ~ i n d . "
    M, sdahk; Vg, ven'ttds; see fienesis 1:2, footrrote d.
    a

    little while in severe painsn because of the burden of king [and] princes.
    'Am9:l
    11 ('Fur E'phra.im has multiplied altarsDin
    61sa10:l'l. order t o sin.O He has come t o have altars in
    'DC 4:25
    order to sin.' l a I proceeded to write for him
    many things of my Iaw;* just like something
    *2KlEi:1S strange they have been accounted." '% my
    4tJer 7:ZX gift sacrifices they kept sacrificing flesh," and
    they kept eating what Jehovah himself took no
    l m a 1k22 pleasure in.k Now he will remember their error
    nHo9:g
    and hold an accounting for their sins." To Egypt
    93
    they themselves proceeded t o returnr l" And
    m a fl:u Israel began f o~lgettinghis Maker3 and building
    tlKi =:31 tempIes,t and Judah, for his part, muItiplied
    uZCh 25:10 fortified cities." And I shall certainIy send fire
    into hjs cities and it must devour the dwelling
    vJ",K,12L&3 towers of [each] one.""
    yHo 10:5
    "Do not rejoice, O 1srael.Y Do not act joyZ D e 20:32
    ful Iike the peoples." For by fornication you
    *Ho4:12 have gone from alongside your God." You have
    loved gifts of hire on all the threshing floors
    219 of grainan? Threshing floor and wine press do
    nHo2:9
    not feed them," and sweet wine itseIf proves
    Olsag4:7
    A m 531 disappointing to herto They will not continue
    +LF213:22 dwelling in the land of Jehovah,' and Etphra.irn
    Jos 23:15
    EHO 813
    must return to Egypt: and in As.syr'i.a they
    Q K i 1 i : e will eat what is unclean." &Theywill not can"Joe lL13 tinue pouring out wine t o Jehovah himself;*
    and they will not he gratifying to hfmP Their
    sacrifices are like the bread of times of mournnDe26:lQ
    i n p to them; all those eating i t will defile
    themselves. For their breadG is for their own
    sou1;a it will not come into the house of Jehovah.' " W h a t will YOU people do in the day of
    '$%'p:"z
    "ZKi 14:aB

    HOSEA 8:11-9 :5

    @g;$:,

    i
    /

    '

    ,'
    1

    1~
    I

    Or, "~elrea."M, aeph'esh; L X X ,

    ppsy.c7~n.it;Vg, a19ae'.m.

    259
    233
    meetinge and in t h e day of the festival of Jeho- 1 aLe
    Joe 1:14
    tH0
    2:11
    vah?t FOP,look! they will have to go because
    I

    of vio1ence.u Egypt itself will collect them together;v Mern'phis,ay for its part, wilI bury
    them. As for their desirable things of silver,
    nettles themselves wiI1 take possession of them;=
    thorny bushes will be in their tents.'
    7 "The days of being given attention must
    10:3
    come;' the days of the due payment must DXsa
    Jer 10~15
    Lu
    19:44
    come.&Those of Israel will know [it].b The A L U 21:22
    25:17
    prophet will be foolish; the manb of inspired BEze
    +Jer 4214
    expressionc will be maddened on account of t h e
    abundance of your error,$even animosity being

    abundant,"
    8 The watchmana of E'phra.im was with my x1sB6a:6
    God.dffAs regards a prophet,k there is the trap #ig/i2l
    of a birdcatcher on all his ways;" there is an
    animosity in the house of hb God.d They have Jer 14.W
    gone down deep in bringing ruin,es as in the "I" 311:6
    days of Gib'e.ah.e Re will remember their tJI-fo 19:22
    OO:~
    UHO 8 : ~
    erroq" he will give attention t o their sins.
    10 "Like grapeso in the wilderness I found Oh 9:13
    Israel." Like the early fig on a fig tree in its vJ"'r$2i1"
    beginning I saw the forefathers3of YOU p e o ~ I e . ~
    They themselves went in to Ea'al of P e ' o ~ , *zp2;fG:L
    ~
    and they proceeded to dedicate themselvesg to
    the shamefu1 thing,' and they came to be disgusting like [the thing of] their love.' l1 As o I s a a : 3
    regards E'phra-im, like a flying creature their

    "::::E

    "Mem'phis," 1 ; X X V g ; Xu.phZs', Sy ; Na.plr ;is',


    T ; N d p h , ?If.
    bUMnn." XI;,&re. c Or, "of inspiration." Literally, "of the spirit."
    M, kn-ru'ulrkh; LXX, ho pnez~.naa.to.pko'~os ("beming the spirit;
    inspired") ; Vg, sp:.ri.tri.a'lis. d "Gocl." $1, Ek.o.hina', literally,
    "They hace made [it) deep, they hare brought [it] t o ruin," M.
    Possibly, hy a correction, "They hhwe made his pit deep." Or,
    "Ba'al-pe'or." g Or, "to withdraw themselves; to hold themselves
    separate [for]
    a

    ."

    "Jasl:Il

    HOSEA 9 :12-10 :2

    glory flies away,.* so that there is no giving


    birth, and no [pregnant] bdly and no concep-

    tion.4 " For although they bring up Meir sons,


    I will also bereave them of children so that
    there rvilI be no man;a+be-cause-woe also to
    '&!!:$$ them
    when I turn away from
    lS E'phra*Ei+;;&
    'Eze 23:4 im," whom I have seen like Tyre planted in a
    *me3 : 1 2 pasture ground: even E'ph ra-irn is destined to
    kZKf 15:16 a bringing out of his sons even to a killer."k
    14 Give to them, 0 Jehovah, what you shouId
    give." Give them a miscarrying wombr and
    nLuzs:a
    I-2~1
    2:19
    breasts shriveling up.
    $$;:;6
    e:19
    1 5 "All their badness was in Giltgal,= f o r
    1Sa 7%
    Ho 4:15
    there
    I had t o hate them.t On account of the
    tEze 23:18
    evil of their dealings I shalI drive them away
    l$E\i?$ from my own h0use.u I wilI not continue on Iov-EZL"
    2
    a 23
    2:n ing them. All their princes are acting stubb0rn.V
    ,Irs m~ 17:s
    Etphsa.im must be struck d0wn.y Their very
    zJob18:16 root must dry up." There wiIl be no fruit that
    *Isa5,24 they produce.* AIso, in case they bring to birth,
    1 will even put t o death the desirable things of
    ODe %-18

    their belly.*'o
    17 M y Godb wiI1. reject them," for they have
    not listened t o him,' and they wll1 become fugitives among the nations.'
    arsa 21
    "Israel is a degeneratingc vine.* Fruit
    e c
    he keeps putting forth for himself In
    proportion to the abundance of his fruit he has
    *Jer 2 : m multiplied [his] altars.* In proportion to the
    klKi 14:23 goodness af his land, they put up good
    nlK1 18:21 Their heart has become hypocritica1;an now
    they will be found guilty.
    aS'31yfan."DI, a.darrt', b"God." JI, El.o.hdnot. Or, if derived from
    E E z e 24:21

    "Isa 713
    b2X117:14

    10

    another Bebrew verb of the same form, L'luxuriant;outspreading."


    d Or, "smooth ; slippery."

    HOSEA 10:3-l1

    260

    261

    "There is one who will break their altars; he


    will despoil their pillars-r T o r now they mill ?$f&,
    say, 'Stre have no king,. for we have not: feared 1;;; i;!i;fll
    Jehovah. And as regards the king, what mill
    tMIc 4 3
    he do for us?'t
    4 "They speak words, rnaklng false oaths,"
    :;&
    eoneluding a mvenant;v and judgment has ;;;;!;;;l'la
    sprouted like a poisonous plant in the furrows %yj7
    of the open fie1d.y For the calf [idols:l of Beth- A ( . s:ds
    n'vens the residents of Sammarti.a
    will get fright- 'fkQ,?::fq
    ened,' for over i t its people wilt certainly "::it j;4:!

    ugz

    mourn,u as well as its foreign-god priestsa


    [who] used to be joyFul over it ,' on account of

    C ~ 1n.21
    K

    *:lliI 23 5

    its glory, because it will have gone h t o exile p;;. !,I;l


    s:11
    aitqy from it.+ =Even it tvIU one bring to jiLj
    L17 3'
    As.syr'i.a itself as a gift to King Ja'reb."' Shame * HL,t l ~ F,:I:$
    is what Erphra.im himself mill get," and Israel 'j:;;",i$
    will be ashamed of its counsel.0* :Sa.mar'i.a w
    ~JM
    vI C
    20.3
    klR
    [and J her king will certainly be silenced,* like ,
    ;
    ;
    :
    y;,l
    a snapped-off twig on the surface of waters.
    "nd the high pIaces of [Beth-Ja'uen,Vhesin kHa 4:lb
    of Isme1,n wiIl actually be annihilated. Thorns n13e9:n
    3213
    and thistles' themselves will come up upon their
    23:15
    dtars." And people wiIl in fact say t o the mauntains, 'Cover us!' and to the hills, 'Fall over us!'t tg;
    9 "From the days of Gib'e.ahu you have
    sinned,' 0 Israel. There they stood still. In GibY-vIt0 *B
    c.ah ivar against the sons of unrighteousness
    did not get to overtake them.y lo When it is my YJU *o:lg
    dcsire I shall also discipline them.a And against SF&?;$,
    them peoples will certainly be gathered when
    there is a harnessing of them to their two
    errors.' l a And E'phra-irn was a tralned heifer 4iEL:40i138T

    : z:

    "Foreign-gorl primls.2' 31, kA*ma.n'mrjliChrm'n.rim.w Tg, ''tcmple


    keepers." b "King JaPl.eb.'' See Hosca 5: 13, footnote e.

    HOSEA 10;12-11 :3

    loving to thresh: and 1, for my part, passed


    over her beautiful neck. I make [someone] ride
    $%:*Isa
    5": m24 Erphra.jmPJudah plows;P Jacob harrows for
    him.'
    Sow seed for yournelves in righteoustPr =:I8
    3220 ness;@reap in nccord with lovin~~.kindness.~"
    Till for yourselves arable land,' nfl1en there is
    3
    time far searching for Jehovah until he comesk
    ;;k
    g
    7
    6
    4
    Lu 13:22 and gives tnstn~ctionin righteousness t o You.n
    nne 32,2
    rGa6:7
    13 "YOU people
    plowed wickedness."
    sPr 22:s
    Unrighteousness 3s what you have reaped.m
    Ho8:T
    'g:$A6L:10 YOU have eaten the fruitage of lying,t for you
    have trusted in your nTay,llin the multitude of
    your mighty onesaY And an uproar has risen
    'ps'22zii6
    ls:3
    pPs 71:23 among your people,y and your own fortified
    ~2mlS:g cities mill all be despoiled,* as with the despoil*2iu18:34
    ing by Xhal'rnan of the house of Ar'bel; in the
    day of b ~ t t l c [when] a mother herself was
    dashed 50 pieces alongside [her] own sons."
    CEi$::5
    eEoklG

    In t h i s way oneb will certainly do to YOU people, O Beth1eI1Cbecause of xoun extreme badness." In the dawn the king of Israel will positively have to be ~ilcnced."~
    "When Israel 1was a boy,4 then 1 proceeded to love him; nnd out of Egypt I
    Is

    7:9

    O;$;&?b

    +Jer
    D e2 w2

    11

    called my son."
    eEx
    XI 215
    4:B
    2 'Theye called thern.90 that same extent
    'D2%
    e 2P:2
    36%
    3 ~ jthey
    6
    went awny from before them." To the
    k2mn:16 1Ba'al imagesg they took up srtcrificlng,k and to
    the grwen images they began making satrrins for me, I taught E'phranIgt&2;33ficial srnoke.1~"ut
    01,"loyal lave." 31, Irkca'cd, b O t ~ ,"lie," 1 l Y ~ "I,"
    . ILS9;"they."'
    Sp. c 't13eth'el,'' SIVgSy ; "11oas~of TRPILI!~," TASK. d Orl "1:lrl;
    p u n g man.'' "Tllt.,v," 3IVgSy; "I," JASS.f "Fltorn before them,"
    BmgT; "from my face," LSXTJy, Or, L'Bn'aEu!y N, BHnBm';
    0

    LXZTrg, Baalim.

    HOSEA 11:4-12
    jm

    to walk,' taking them upon [myla arms;e

    and they did not recognize that I had healed


    E x 15%
    them.t 'With the ropes of earthling manb t Isa
    30:26
    7:14
    1kept drawing them,u with the cords of 1ove,Y uZSa
    J o h 6:44
    so that I bmame to them as those lifting off VDG 7:7
    a yoke0 on their jaws,r and gently I brought
    food to [each] one.= He wilI n o t return to the
    land of Egypt, but As.5yr'i.a will be his king,"
    because they refused to return." "nd
    a sword
    will certainly whirl about in his citiesb a n d
    make an end of his bars and devour* because
    of their counsels." And my people are tending
    toward unfaithfulness to me."And upward they
    call it;c no one at all does any rising up."
    8 "How can 3; give you up, 0 E'phra.imPn
    [How] can I deliver you up, 0 I ~ r a e l ?How
    ~
    can 3 set you as Adrmah?8 [How] can I place
    you like Zeboi'im7t M y heart has changed
    .72:36
    within me;" a t the same time my compassions uDe
    Jer 31:20
    have grown hot.' I shall not express my bum- vRo 9 2 5
    ing anger.y I shall not bring Erphra.im to ruin
    again,%for I am Godd* and not man," the HoIy
    One in the midst of you;O and I shall n o t come
    in excitement.* l o After Jehovah they will ~ a I k . ~
    Like a lion he win roar; for he himseIf will roare
    and sons will come trembling from the west."
    l1 Like a birdmthey will come trembling out of
    Egypts and like a dove out of the Iand of As~ y r ' i . a ,and
    ~ I shall certainly make them dwell
    in their houses," i s the utterance of Jehovah."
    12 "With Eying, E'phra.irn has ~ u r ~ o u n d e d
    me,' and with deception t h e house of Israel,
    a"[hly]," in ngreement with L X X V g S y ; "his," or, ilone's," H.
    bflEartbling mati!? M, ~ . d a ~ r i ' .'"It,'"in the rnnscuIine gender, to
    refer to ('my people." d "God.?? N, El. @ ' i A T ~ . " U, ish; LXX,
    rs~zfthqa.pos;Vg, ho'nao.

    HOSEA 12:1-4

    263

    262

    Judah is yet roaming with God,ls and with


    the Most Holy Oneb he is tn~stworthy."~l
    uJer 22.22 ,
    "EFphra.im is feeding on winddu and
    vHo8:'
    chasing after the east wind all day Ionghv
    y2Ki
    Falsehood and havac are what he multip1ies.y
    He will pay back for it. And a covenant with
    z2Ki
    As.syrri.a they conclude,z and to Egypt oil itself
    7:L1 is brought.'
    2 "And Jehovah has a legal case with Judah,'l
    even
    to hold an accounting against Jacob ac~;:ii~i~
    cording to his ways;" according t o his dealings
    F I s a 8:ll
    he will repay hirn.O In the belly h e seized his
    and with his dynamic
    ~Isa 40
    ~ 26~ brother
    ~ ~ by
    $ ,the~ heel,@+
    ,
    energy@he contended with God.fU And he kept
    'Fie 3228
    L a c 1.3
    contending with an angel" and gradually pre#Ge a 2 3 vailed.# He wept, that he might implore favor
    kGe 3:26 for himself,"k
    nGe 25:19
    rGe 28:13
    At Beth'el He got to find him," and there he
    sGe 28-16
    Ge 39:30 began talking with us.gr And Jehovah t h e Godf
    tEu 3:15
    p,
    f 3 of the armies,ha Jehovah is his rnemoria1.t
    ; ~ 0 ~ 6 6 "And as regards you, t o your Godf you
    Ps 136:l should return,u keeping loving-kindnesslv and
    YPS 3228 justice;Y and let there be a hoping in your God'
    zPs 2'i:14
    *me17.4 constantly.$ As regards [the] tradesman,sp in
    LLe 19:35
    h i s hand are the balances of deception;" to dePr II:I
    tEe4E2?fraud is what he has loved.A And E'phra.im
    keeps saying, 'Indeed, I have became rich;b I
    s ~ ~ ~ ~ & But
    ; 4
    t2ChB:p

    12

    llGod.'~BI, El. *"The 3fost Roly One." 31, Qpdo.,sltia'; the pInral
    number of qa.8osh' ("holy"), but being the plural i~umherof excellency, to uorreeponcl with "God." Compara Pror4erbs 9:10,
    footnote b ; Provcrhe 30 : 3, footliotc c. See also Ge~enius'H e b w w
    Grammar, 2nd edition, 5 124h. 01; "ewn with the Xogt Holy
    Ong Who is trust~r,arthy."* Lc'i7Tind."M, rw'uhJ~. See Gcnesia 1: ?,
    footnote d. e Or; "he supplanted liis brother." "God." Al, El.o.hdnb .
    g "')LimrJjLXEHy; US,'^ MJ74I?. h "The G Q of
    ~the armies," MVg;
    "the Bod almighty," L X X . f ~ r <'logal
    ,
    love.'' 1 "Tradesman." M,
    EBraa''aa; L X X V g , Ckanaan.
    a

    HOSEA 12:9-13: 2

    i1

    have found valuable things for myself.' As re- '&s:i'


    gards all my tailing, they wiIl And, on my part,
    *PIM:12
    no error that is sin.'"
    9 "But 1am Jehovah your G d afrom the land
    of Egypt." Yet I shsll make you dwell fn the i%r%;2~
    tents as in the days of an appointed time.* '$,t-C:;T3
    '"nd
    I spoke to the prophets,)<and visionsr' 1 3)r11b2:2
    myself rnultiplied,n and by the hand of the l1f$2&0
    d:~
    prophets I kept making 1ikenesses.r With sdrfmsrf l].?:I
    I
    I . ~ 1;lr3
    II
    Gil'e.adb what is uncanny,# also untruth,t have ~tI../V
    1.4.3
    occurred, In Gil'gal they have sacrificed even
    bul1s.u Moreover, their altars arec like piles of uAmk4
    I7:lb
    stones in the furrows of the open field.' l a And
    Jacob p r o d e d to run away to the field of
    S ~ i a , and
    ~ y Israelz kept seming for a wile,c' lg$$;&
    nnd Tor a wife he guarded [sheep]
    And b y a $;;
    prophet Jehovah brought up Israel out of,
    Egypt: and by a prophet he was guarded,"F;nl;;5;
    17:~
    " Efphrabimcaused offense to bitterness,' and +arc1
    E:EC 23.3
    his deeds of bloodshed he Ieaves upon his own
    self,mand his reproach his grand Mastert will @Ex@33:n
    3De a~:37
    repay to him.""
    "When E'pha.im spoke, there urastrembling;" he himself carried !weight] w h B:lQ
    In IsraelVkBut he proceeded t o k o m e guilty kJJs17:l'
    in regard t o Bat@ and die.r And now they :pTig+e
    commit additiond sins and make for themselves nlI\I l2:32
    a molten statue from their silver,<idols accord- tJ@rf0:4
    I
    Ing to their own understanding,u the ~vorkof t~~"R44:X7
    craftsmen, all of it." To them they are saying, vJ@r10:s

    ."

    265

    Ill

    264

    T;;z

    13

    d 4 C l ~ d , "If, El.o.hdnhJ. b ' T i t h Gil'r,ntl," by n t31i~llt ca~.rrction;

    'Let the sarcrlficers who are mena kiss mere


    dves.'y a Therefore they will become like the
    6:Q douds of morning2 and like the deiv that early
    goes away; like chaff that is 9tomed away from
    *P51:4
    h a 17:U t h e threshing floor* and like smoke fm-rn the
    [rwf] hole.
    4 "But I am Jehovah your Gadb fram the
    land
    of Egypt,' and no Gddh except me did you
    nIE
    $:o
    qol2:g
    use
    to
    know; and there was no savfer but 1."
    4Isa 4 3 : l l
    45:21
    1
    myself
    knew you in the wilderness,@in the
    b D e 2:7
    j e r 2:z
    land
    of
    fever^.^'
    " Acco~dhgto their pasturage
    *Fs 631
    they also came to be ~ a t i s f l e dThey
    .~
    became
    eDe8.12
    *D'32:lQatisfied
    and their heart began to be exalted."
    "De6:E
    Isa 1210 That is why they forgot me." 'And I shall bek
    514 come to them like a young lion? Like a leopard
    nJer
    by [the] way I shall keep 1ookfng.rl I shall enthem lEke a bear that has lost Its C L I ~ S , ~
    r2pFI;:z counter
    and I sllaII rip apart the enclosure of their
    n H e b 4 : n hearts And 1 shall devour them there like a
    tLaJ:10
    lion;2 a wild beast of the field itself will tear
    56:s them t o pfeces,u a It will certainly bring you t a
    vPr6:3a
    ruin,v 0 Israel, beenuse It was against me,
    againstyourI~elpes,y
    ,;.'f$::F
    10 "Where, then, Is your king, that he may
    save you in dl your cities," and your judges,
    [ m n m i n g l whom y ~ said,
    u
    'Do give me a king
    m:ggsand princes"?' 'l E proceeded t o give you a king
    :,E; if.jmin my anger,D and I shall take [him] away in

    **
    1Ki 18:lS

    plKi

    1Sa 12 13

    15:B

    9:;
    ;%H
    +Ps
    Jca 13:8
    *Pr22:3

    T P n t Gil'e.n,d," M. Or, ''riI1 be.'* d"figsin,F' LXS'I'g; "A'i.nm,"


    NSy. 01;"womnn?' 11,ish.shahP.1 "Grant1 Master." If, Abda.nim';

    t h r plural number of a.dGnt, but the plurnl number o f earcllcnce


    or grnudeur, accompanied by the verb "lopny" in tlu 8ingulor
    nunlber. Compare Genesis 39 :2, f m t n ~ l kd.

    HOSEA 13:3-13

    f u ~ m "

    12 "The error of E'phra,irn is wrapped up,


    his sin is treasured upbP The labor pangs of a
    woman giving birth are what \vfll come to him.+
    He is a son not wise," for in season he will not

    GkaUy, "the
    " "God."
    M,

    sacrifleem of tm ~nrtMing man [a.d~m]:' M,


    Or, '*droughts."

    hl,J.o.hitn',

    267

    stand still at the breaking forth of sons [from


    the womb]
    14 "From the hand of She'ola I shall redeem
    them;' from deathb I shdI recoverc thern.k
    Where are your stings, 0
    Where Is
    your destructiveness, 0 She'ol?"r Compassion
    itself will be concealed from my eyes.B In case
    be himself as the son of reed plants should show
    fruitfulne~s~t
    an east wind, the wind0 of Jehovah, wlll comeAuFmm a wilderness it is coming
    up, and it wilI dry up his well and drain his
    spring.' T h a t m e will pillage the treasure of
    a 1l de sirabIe artic1es.y
    16 "Sa-mafi.a will be held guilty,~for she
    is actually rebellious3 agajnst her G d . f By the
    sword tiley will fall.' Their own children will
    be dashed to pieces," and their pregnant women
    themselves will be ripped up."'
    "'Do come back, 0 Israel, to Jehovah
    your God,fPfor you have stumbled in
    your error.' Take with yourselves worcls and
    come back to Jehovah.' Say t o him, all You
    people, 'May you pardon error;' and accept
    what is good,* and rve will offer in return the
    young bulls of our lips.&"Us.syr'i.a itself will
    not save us." Upon horses fve shall not ride,'
    And no more shall ~ v say:
    e
    "0our God!"'' ta
    the work of our hands," because it is by you
    that a fatherless boy is shown mercy.''
    4 "I shall heal their unfalthfulness,u f shall

    ."

    14

    M, rnlanklr; L ~ X rr'7sc.mosi
    ,
    1-g, zlptr't~rs, QVC n e n ~ s i n1 : 2, footnote d. f"God." M, Bl.o.him', E4'Thc younF bulls of our lips,"
    3lVg; '%he fruit of our lips," E;XX,

    \ZP;love
    ?&them of [my]m free wil1,v because m y
    anger has turned back from hirn.Y I shall
    szO?;g
    rDc 3 2 : ~ becornea
    OCa

    2.1

    %?$;?
    tF;e5$?;6
    +a4:11
    I

    HOSEA 145-9

    "-

    31:1
    nZecg:u

    "Ro fQ%
    AC 19:B

    kJer3l:m
    41:19
    Isa 5213
    fiaM:13

    "Pslm:43
    Pr 1:s

    t;z$

    T J O ~17:g

    like the dew to Israel." H e vpiEl blossom like the lily,' and will strike his roots Iike
    LeSrabnon." His twigs will go fortl7: and his
    dignity will becorne like that of the olive trw,O
    and his fragrance wlll be like that of Lebta.non.+
    ?They wfll amin be dwellem In his shadowma
    Theywillgrotvgraln,andtvill hudlike thevine."
    His memorial1)will be like the wine of Leb'a-non.
    8 "Etphra.Im [will say], 'What do I have to
    do any longer 114th the ido1s?'cw
    '7 myself shall certainly give an answer and
    I shall keep looking on hirn.lc I am like a luxuriant juniper tree.11Frorn me must fruit for
    YOU be found."
    9 Who Is wlse, that he may understand these
    fhingsTs Dlscree-t, that he may know them?t
    For the ways of Jehovah are upright'u and the
    righteotls are the ones who will walk in them;v
    but the transgressors are the ones who will
    stumble in them.Y

    FLU 723
    '1 ebdl becomeAn3,Gk.!ycI~'

    ( i l V M ) , ns in Exodu~3 : 14, whem


    see footnote d. b Oi*,d'T110~twntionuf I-lirn.." a LilcrnU?., "\That lo
    me rc-f to the idolst" >I, Scc dnhl~ita 22: 94, footnote b; nlso
    ?IIati%ew S : 29, f ootnotc c.

    269

    JOEL"
    Jehovah
    the son
    1The
    this,

    word of
    that occurred* t o Joela *ge
    1';:
    HO I9
    of Pe.Ulurel:
    2Pe 121
    2 "Hear
    YOU older men, and give ear, all:
    You inhabitants of the land.bDHas this occurred "
    pa:;j:
    in YOUR days, or even in the days of YOUR fore- Jer5-21
    fathers?* Concerning it give an account to * ~ & ~ f 1I
    YOUR own sons, and YOUR sons to their sons, @EX 13:14
    and their sons to the following generation.$ F:$iT4
    "What
    was left by t h e caterpillar, the locust0 ""a3:15
    has eaten; and what was Ieft by the locust, the
    creeping, unwinged locustc has eaten; and what
    the creeping, unwinged locustc has left, the
    +Joe
    Am z:25
    4:8
    cockroach has eaten."
    5 "V7ake up, aou drunkards," and weep; and EzE2
    howl," all YOU wine drinkers, on account of xJ",",T;a
    I
    sweet wine, for it has been cut off from YOUR Jas 3:1
    32:10
    mouth^.^ For there is a nation that has came
    up into my land, mighty and without nwnberek k%:l&
    1
    Its teeth are the teeth of a lion,am and it has nPE$;!
    I
    the jawbonesn of a 1ion.e It has set my vineC cZecs:10
    as an object of astonishment,%d my fig tree rg5,j7,,
    as a
    It has positively stripped it bare sJer8:13
    and thrown [it] awayatThe twigs of it have be- tJer 48:32
    come white. Wail,f as a virgino girded with
    sackcloth doesu over the ownersv of her youth, $
    &
    ,::

    t$"2:;:a

    L'Joel.') M, To.iI'; meaning "Jehovnh is God [El]," Though i t bas


    the tro component parts rcverecd, it hns the same meaning as the
    urtrne E.lirjah. See 1Kulgs17: 1,fcotnote e. Or, "earth." 11,er'efs.
    "The creeping, unwinged locust:' JI, ,gsZPeq. See Pealm 105 :34,
    footnote a, >I, cr7.gChr; the African hon.
    la.bir; the Asiatic
    lion. r'W~il."l a the feminiue gender, singular number, imperative
    mood. ~"Qwner."M, battal; L X X , a.ner'; TTg, ~ i r ;'d'ht~sband:,
    a

    268

    '

    JOEL 1:9-16

    9 "Grain offeringy and drink offering2 have


    been
    cut off from the house of Jehovah; the
    ;;z
    Fi40
    'Joe 2 : n priests,' the ministers of Jehovah," have
    71Sa 2 : l l
    lo [The] field has been despoiled,"
    %:;?;;Imourned,
    ground has gone to mourning;+ for [the]
    ~ ~ ~ 2 6 . 2[the]
    0
    grain has been despoiled, [the] new wine has
    '1sa24'7
    been dried up,+ [the] oil has faded away.
    Ho 9:z
    EJer l a 3
    l1 Farmers have felt shame;" vinedressers have
    howledJa on account of wheat and on account
    sf barley; for t h e harvest of [the] field has
    "P,",g;\l perished," ' T h e vine itself has shown dryness,
    and even the fig tree has faded away. As for
    [the] pomegranate tree, also [the] palm tree
    x e 1 : ~ and [the] apple tree, all the treesD of the field,
    they have dried up; for exultation has gone
    *Isa 9:3
    Eze X7:9 ashamed away from the sons of mankind.b4
    13 "Gird yourselves, and beat YOUR breasts,Ic
    kg;; ;j7g
    nEx30:20 YOU priests. Howl, YOU ministers of [the] altar."
    Come in, spend the night in sackcloth, YOU ministers of my God;* for from the house of YOUR
    'Le 2:s
    GodC grain offering' and drink offering have
    R ~ U
    been
    withheld.$ l4 Sanctify a time of f a ~ t i n g . ~
    t2Ch 20:3
    rlxe
    Call together a solemn assemblynuGather together [the] older men, all t h e Inhabitants ot
    v2.C" 2 0 3 3 the land,d t o the house of Jehovah YOUR God,Cv
    h c 9:3
    >-Jon38 and cry to Jehovah for aid.y
    zJer 30:7
    15 ''Alas for the day;Oz because the day of
    *& y!;; Jehovah
    is near," and like havoc from the Al,:,,
    mighty0 Onea it will come!" ' W a s not foodo
    $
    ; itself been cut off before our very eyes; from
    the house of our God,'- rejoicing and joyf~lness?~

    ,,,

    Or, "Fee1 shame, aoc banners; h o d , TOG vinedressers."' Or,


    "earthling man.'"f,
    a.drzna'. "God." M, Ek.o.ltimnz,'.* Or, "eart11.l'
    If, er'eta. "The Almighty One.'' 11, Xhad.da'd, Compare Genesis
    17 : 1, footnote i.

    JOEL 1: 17-2 :4

    270

    Dried fig@have shriveled under their shovels.


    Storehouses have been laid desoIate. Earnsb
    have been torn down, for [the] grain has dried
    up. lB
    0 how the domestic animal has sighed!
    [How] the droves of cattle have wandered in
    confusion! For there is no pasturage for them.b Fg2
    1":;
    I
    1
    AIso, the droves of the sheep have been the
    ones made t o bear guilt.
    19 "To you, 0 Jehovah, I shall call;' for fire +PpSs$!j:g
    I
    itself has devoured the pasture grounds of [the]
    wilderness, and a very flame has consumed all
    the trees of the fie1d.O The beasts of the field 3p;
    also keep longing for you,' because t h e channeIs
    of water have dried up,* and fire itself has de- g; U ; ~ S
    ~ ~
    voured the pasture grounds of the wilderness." $ 1 1T:7
    l K l 18:5
    "Blow a hornco in Zion,k 0 men, and shout Fg,"
    a war cryn in my holy rn0untain.r Let. all ,,J;;edk;:s
    the inhabitants of the landa get agitated;$ for ,yP;
    :6
    S~:I
    the day of Jehovah is corning: f o r it is near! rt's
    Zep 3.11
    'It is a day of darknese and gloominess,u a c m , l ; g
    1
    day of clouds and thick gloom, like light of dawn
    1
    spread out upon the m0untains.v
    z eT 1:14
    Z
    2:2
    ~
    ~
    I
    "There is a people numerous and mighty;Y
    one like i t has not been made to exist from the ,;i,=lm;:;;
    indefinite past," and after it there will be none g y g 4
    again to t h e years of generation after generati0n.O" Ahead of it a fire has devoured,; and :$; &
    :
    behind it a flame consumes.* Like the gardento $; ;&
    of Edeng the landa is ahead of it;O but behind A . l m ~ : 4
    it is a desolatez wilderness, and there has also
    Ica 51:3
    proved to be nothing thereof escaping.
    Eze 31:8
    4 "Its appearance is like t h e appearance of
    horses, and Bke steeds is the way they keep
    I

    271

    :&:!

    anDried figs?' Or, "Grain seeds." b Or, pmsibly, "Tanks."


    Or,
    "sho'phrtr." d Or, "earth." M, ~r'ots. e''Grtrden," M; 'rParadisc,"
    L X X ; lior'tus, Tg; pisr.dna"sa, Sy.

    f,H,a@:8

    "%2:3
    Na 3:2

    Re 2:s

    *Isa 0:24
    hrt 3:12
    'Joe 2.2
    kIsa 1 ~

    Jer 30:o

    nNa 2:lO

    JOEL 2 :5-13

    running.' As with the s o w d .of chariotsa on


    the tops of the mauntaiils they keep skipping
    about? as with the sound of a flaming fire that
    is devouring stubble."t is like a mighty people,
    drawn up in battle order." Because of it, pea8pXes will be in severe painsk As for all faces,
    they will certainly collect a glow [of excite-

    ment] .n

    7 "Like powerful menb they run.' Like men


    of war they go up a wa1l.s And they go each
    one in his own ways, neither do they alter their
    LPr30:27 paths.t %d
    one another they do not shove.
    As an able-bodied manh in his course, they keep
    going; and shouId some fall even among the
    uRe9:9
    vJer 9:2L missiles, the [others] do not break off course.u
    Y P 1~ 8 : ~
    9 "Into the city they rush. On the wall t h e y
    Na 1:5
    ~ J s 34:4
    a
    run.
    On the houses they go up. Through the
    -Leg 21.4
    windowsg they go in like the thief.Y lfl Before it
    * E Z ~nz:7
    [the] landc has become agitated,^ [the] heavhit 2,1:28
    JOP
    3:15
    ens have r o ~ k e d .Sun
    ~ and moon3 themselves
    -k;$2"%p
    'Hab 3:11 have become dark," and the very stars" have
    CNa 3:lG
    ;rsa l 3 : m withdrawn their brightness.=
    And Jehovah
    Am 5 8
    :Am 4:10 himself will certainly give forth his voiceAhe-2% 2214
    PS 4~r.c
    fore his military force,+for his campa is very
    Isa 42:13
    Jer 25:m numerous.- For he who is carrying out his word
    is mighty; for the day of Jehovah is greate and
    very fear-inspiring, and who can hold up un$$,
    Am 51s
    Zep 1:15 der i t ? ~
    x x l2~4 2 3
    12 "And now also," the utterance of Jehovah
    Nn 1:6
    RE 6 : ~is, "come back to me with all YOUR hearts,# and
    Wcr 4:l
    with fasting and with weeping and with wailHO 12:B
    ingnkl3 And rip apart YOUR hearts," and not
    &
    t'2K1
    PS 34:18
    ":19
    YOUR garrnex~ts;~
    and come back to Jehovah
    YOUR God," for he is gracious and r n e r ~ i f u lslow
    ,~
    m1:23
    Ps 19;5
    S J . ~6:4

    kFr

    kz,*

    1
    I

    Or, "mighty men." hf, gib.bo.rina'. b"An able-bodied man." If,


    +Z Or, lrearth." Itl, er'ets, d ('C+odmJ'
    31) El.o.kim'.

    geb'er.

    JOEL 2 : 14-20

    273

    272

    to armgert and abundant in loving-kindness,&"


    and he will certainly feel regret on account o f '
    the c a l a m i t y , ~
    " Who is there knowing whether "PS
    he will turn back and actually feel regret7 and yJer lX:s
    let: remain after it a ble~sing,~
    a grain offering ZHag2:19
    and a drink9 offering for Jehovah YOUR God?" 'OGP 39:14
    15 "Blow a hornc in Zion, 0 men.* Sanctify *su10:3
    38:9
    a time of fasting." Call together a solemn assembly.&le Gather [the] people together. Sanctify A2K[
    a c o n g r e g a t i ~ n Collect
    .~~
    [ t h e ] oId men togeth- ::?2,i;,
    er.' Gather children and those sucking the 'Jue 1 3 4
    breasts together." Let [the] bridegroom go @2ch 213:'~
    forth from his interior room, and [the] bride
    vco 7:5
    from her nuptial chamber.'
    17 "Between the porch and the altar# Iet the #Mt23:25
    priests, the ministers of Jehovah, weep and say,
    'Do feel sorry, 0 Jehovah, for your people, and
    44:14
    do not make your inheritance a reproach, for kPS
    Isa 3 7 : ~
    nations t o ride over them." Why should they say n%?i%7
    among the peoples: "Where is their God?" '"" "iC7:'0
    ~t 2 7 2 3
    Is And Jehovah wilI be zealous for his landar r ~ : " , ~ ~ ; ~ 3
    and will show compassion" upon his people.# zg,"&:z6
    1%d Jehovah will answer and say to his pea- pu;;!;;
    ple, 'Here I am sending t o YQW the grain and the das 5 : I i
    new wine and the oil, and YOU people will cer- trsafia:8
    tainly be satisfied with it;t and I shall not make
    YOU any more a reproach0 among the nations."
    E d @ 36.15
    2 0 And the northerner" I shall put far away from
    IQ:19
    upon YOU,^ and I shall actually disperse him t o
    a waterless Iand and desolated waste, with his
    face to the eastern sea and his rear section t o
    1~24
    the westernf sea.y And the stink from him will
    Or, ''loyel lore." 31, bhes'ed. b '%orl." Itl, El.o.him'. C Or, '(shot31, errst#. P0s8ib1y9 dLahirper,Jr
    by n correction o f 31.
    r ~ i t e r e l l "hiudei,"
    ~,
    hS; thnt is, to one's hack whm one i~ facing
    hap.''

    east.

    '

    certainly ascend, and the stench from him wiIl


    keep ascending;= f o r He will actually do a great
    thing* in what He does.'
    21 "Do not be fearful: 0 gr0und.O Be joyful
    1
    and
    rejoi~e;~
    for Jehovah will actually do a
    73;
    aPs 6 5 : ~ great thing in what He does.+ " Do not be fearPs 96:11
    HO 2.21
    ful, YOU beasts of the open field,' for the pasture
    F De 4:32
    l s a 12:16 grounds of [the] wilderness will certainly grow
    greene For the tree will certainly give its fruitage." The fig tree and the vine will, certainly
    +
    F
    $
    k
    3
    1sa3n:23 give their vital energy.# 23 And, YOU sons of
    B P S 65.12
    Z e c a : l 2 Zion, be joyful end rejoice in Jekov& YOUR
    "PsG i : 6
    *Eze x:27 God;&k for he will be bound l o give YOU the
    1;Ps 25.7
    Isa 1k:B autumn rainvin right measure," and he will
    Hab 3:18
    bring down upon YOU people a downpour,
    nLo26:4
    autumn rain and spring rain, as at the first.'
    r,D,e$!;$
    24 And the threshing floors must
    be full of
    Sas jlo:^
    zcc
    :?
    [cleansed] grain, and the press vats must overflow with new \vine and oi1.s " And I will make
    e$; :6;io
    Am 913 compensation to YOU for the years that t h e
    Ma1 3:10
    locust, the creeping, unwinged locust, and the
    cockroach and the caterpillar have eaten, my
    ,:, great military force that I have sent among
    YOU.^ 2C And YOU will certainly eat, eating and
    u&;i6i:
    Ps22.2G becoming satisfied,u and YOU will be bound to
    ttDe 23:10
    YPS 13:6
    who
    praise the name of Jehovah YOUR
    Ps '1218
    Isa 22.1 has done with YOU so wonderful1y;y and my peazPs 2 x 2
    pIe will not be ashamed t o time indefinite.z
    FS 3T:18
    zP2i1f 2 7 And YOU people will have t o know that 1 am
    the midst of Israel,* and t h a t I am Jehovah
    $'%
    ;:
    YOUR
    Goda and there is no other." And my peoE~;~;3~,
    3Sa43:5
    ple
    will
    not be ashamed t o time fndefinite.cA
    t l P e 3:G
    34~3
    'IsaB:al

    ",eB;:72,

    JOEL 2 :21-27

    ,,

    L r G ~ ~ l .11,
    ' j E l . ~ . l ? i , n ~b. ''Autumn rainb'; by a correction of 11.
    Litp~ally,"instructor," M. c I n RrZ chapter 2 ends with this verso
    (27) ; but in TgSyT chapter 2 continues on, absorbing chapter 3
    of BX.
    a

    JOEL 212%-3:3

    274
    4 "And, also, what do 1~013
    have t o do with
    me,o. 0 Tyre" and Si'donlc and nII ow wgions
    of Phi.listti.a?"Is it the treatment that YOU are
    giving me as a rewnrd?l' And if YOU are giving
    such treatment to me, s~viftlg,speedily I shall
    pay back YOUR treatment upon Y ~ L Rheads.=
    "Because You men h ~ v etalccn my own silver
    and my own goldktand YOU have brought my
    own desirable good things !lint0 YOUR temples;"
    a and the sons of Judah and Ihe fions of Jerusalem YOU have sold' l o the sons of the Greeks,I7Y
    ;.se I(!:? f o r the purpose of removing them far from their
    Da 8
    ZEC 933 llown territory;
    here 1 am arousing them [to
    1 come] from the place where I-ou have sold
    2:g$;p 'them,=and I will pay back y O u treatment
    ~
    upon
    Em 3x12 YOUR ~ t v n
    heads.' "And
    E n7ill sell YOUR SOTISand
    *1% 1 5 3
    E.; 7:10
    YOUR daughters into the hand of the sons of
    >it 7:2
    2Th 1.6
    Judah,= and they must sell them to the men of
    t ~ 49Q:f
    g3
    She'ba,' to a nation far a w ~ yfor
    ; ~Jehovah himself
    has
    spoken
    [it].
    ?jE,bfil$$
    9 "CALL
    out this Rmong the nations,' (SANC*
    @El@21:al TTFY war!13Arouse the po~verful
    men!.' Let them
    TI..;l 8 9
    Jer;6:3
    draw near! Let them come up, all the mend of
    war!" Beat vOu~plowshares Into srvords and
    k:g$$
    ISOUR pruning shcarsk rnto lances. As for the
    weak one, let him say: "1 am a powerful rnmtnn
    l 1 LRnd YOUR aid and come, all YOU nations round
    lFA
    and collect youl=selvestogether.' "*
    ~> E
    ~ E cz e
    4:la i
    %9
    Zep 8ja
    To that place, 0 Jehovah, bring your powerszec I*:?
    Ze 16:14
    tPs 103:20 ful onesc down,r
    12 "Let the nations be aroused and come up
    $:h191i14
    to the low plain of Jeahosh'a.phnt;u for there I
    1l:,92:;:;'

    occur that I shall


    pour out my spirita' on every sort of flesh,'
    28 "And after that it must

    and YOUR sons* and %-OUR daughtersr will certainly prophesy. Ps for POUR old men, dt.eams
    they wiI1 dreamCAs for YOUR young men, vtsions they will see. 2 3 ~ even
    d on the menservants and on the maidservants3 in those days
    k4r 2:18
    I shall p ~ l out
    r
    my
    30 "And I will give portents in the heavens11 lrAc2:1n
    and on the earth, blood3 and Areo and columns of ;;3 f:hD
    smoke.p The sun itself will be turned into d ~ r k .PI-;. 15~17
    nessPrand t h e moon into blood,n before the corn- ;z,TEo
    ing of the great and fear-inspiring day of k h o - <;p;;i,
    vaht And it m u s t m u r t h a t everyone who calls 311. 1 : 2 1
    Y j :?>
    on the name of Jehovah mill get away sale;ll For 1.11
    rtlb 6,12
    I:<( p 1.14
    in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there will prove r!,~ .I,S
    to be the escaped onesvjust as Jehovah has said, "':I> =?;.!$
    ant1 among the smivors,b rr~hornJelzovah is 2;
    ~alling."~y

    I
    I

    91

    :,<\,

    vlvn .it<:19
    1 ill 17

    "For, look! in those days and in that tlrne,r ylmcnn112?


    :':"
    when 1 shall bring hack t h e c ~ p t j v eones """"
    of Judaho and Jerusalem,* * I will ~ l s acollecl: 'Mt 2:D
    3:la
    logether all the nationsc" and bring them down 'Ma1
    ;KYVah::$
    to the lo~vplain of Je-ho~h'a.phat;~
    and I tvill ;. y:;:G
    put myself on judgment with them there on ~;~;!i:;
    account of my people and my inhwitnnce
    Israd,: whom they scattered among the na- :i ~~;~.lai;
    ,ZE .1sm11
    tions; and they apportioned out my own land.'!' tfL:Y$ilf~
    And for my people they kept casting lots;a .,&I:!$:,
    nnd they would give the male child for a prosti- Ff; 2 ;ID
    tute, and the female child they sold for wine,O :;j;;zlt
    2:~
    that they might drink.'
    '~Spiiaif."$1, rrc'ah7~; LXX, to pnautma; VR, spirti,frts, b "And

    EI~III

    nmutig the ~usvivors,"311-g; "and Llloae frIIrnfi gnorI IICWR,'' or,


    "tbow evangelizing:' LLT2i. *With this vrrnr chnprcr 3 cntle in
    31i.XXTi:*hTr',nu13 rkapter 2 in I'gSyT. 31, rr'crs.

    *Lit~mlTy,"what [arc] YOIT t o 31ha?" 3J. Conlpnr~J o h h ~ i n32:24$


    footnote b ; nlsn hiatthem H : 3 ,footliole c, l )I., "I lir I.o'ni.~ns."
    N,thy-Yctue.*riw'; L-LYTp, ''tl~n Circ~ka." See Jorl 2 :7, faotnote a, d "The men." 31, ~.nii.ahirn'; tlir pl~tralnumber of ~ J I .

    JOEL 3 :13-20

    278

    P I 3:g
    shall sit in order to judge all the nations round YPn
    70:1
    PR OC:13
    ab0ut.v
    Eae : a 3
    .::T
    13 " T m u s ~in a sickle,s for harvesto has Calm I<;;$
    g r o w n ripe." Come, descend, for [the] wine yr>,*
    hlr 1:24
    It0 x : 1 5
    press has b m m e f a . ' The press vats actue1Iy e.l~bt
    51:na
    ?,It
    overflow; for their badness has become abun- *1\n 1,3::t!?
    6:):s
    ]:I5
    dan~"
    . ~Crowds, crotvds are in the Iow plnin 1,tl
    3';~. 1,3:10
    :::13
    of the decision," for the day of Jehovah Is nenr cr!;v:o 315:1rI
    in the low plain of the decision.# Sun and A l h l I 16:20
    :iI::!
    i v f l (;?;:I
    moon themselves will certainly become dnrk, ,l(.I'
    ~ n the
    d very stars will actually withdraw their 1:), c :5:33
    ::U.:20
    Ft12 l ! i : I!)
    brightness.* And out of Zion Jehovah himself b.tnc
    :?I
    will roar, and out of Jerusalem he will give I I ' C 2:!,7:It
    .t::IS
    forth his voice.* And heaven and earth certainly 613:u
    .Jvr2:;:10
    ?:,;
    will rock;' but Jehovah will be a refuge far his 'I.Inp
    1-Iv11? 28
    * P C 1P-2
    people," and a f o r b s for the sons of Is~ael.~'
    And YOU people 5vilI have to know that I am IcPr IWO
    Jehovah YOUR God,n residing In Zion my holy
    mountain.' And Jerusalem must become a holy
    p1ace;"nd
    as regards strangers," they wlII no
    more pass through h e ~ . t
    18 "And it must occur In that day that the
    mountains will drip with sweet wlnejau and the
    very hills will Aowb with milk? and the very
    stream beds of Judah wiIl all flow" with ~ v a t e r . ~
    And out of the house of Jehovah thew will go
    p s 4s:4
    forth a spring,r and it must irrigate the torrent YEze
    471
    RP 22.1
    vdley of the Acacia TreesOczl D A s regards f>"C
    "'5
    Egypt, a desolate waste it will became;' and RS Jsa 29:1
    regards E'dom, a wilderness of desolate I V A S ~ F ?
    It will become: because of the violence t o the
    sons of Judah, in whose landd they shed hnocent blood." e o B ~ast for Judah, t o time inm
    definite it will be inhabited,hnd Jerusalem ta
    '

    ..r{li>

    '"Sweet
    @

    mine." Or, "fresh p p e juice." bliternlly,


    d''lnnd.'' J1, erreta.

    Or, "valley of Sfiit'tim"

    JQEL 3:21-AMOS 1:5

    277

    +%zp generation after genemtlon.*

    And I wit1 con'sider innocent their bloods that I had not coneLsa 4:4
    and
    ' ~ Jehovah will be residh x s sidered i n n o ~ e n t ; ~
    'Be 4335 ing in z i o n , w a
    R e 21:3
    is, death by blood~hcd,bT..,T-,TA rraar rends: "And I d l
    avenge their Illood nntl I,y no tnenns cnnrrirl~r[ t h ~ m ]innocent"; T g :
    "And I rill cleanse thcir blond thnt I hnd not clemeed."
    a Thnt

    AMOS"
    The
    of Atmos,a who happened
    among the sheep raisemu from
    1
    he vMoned?
    Israel in
    ;g; gL

    mm
    ,
    ,
    ,,
    CPS

    Jer6:l

    41sa Yl
    +2ch26:1
    Ho 1:1

    "'''

    E Z K 1k23
    ~

    #Joe 3:16
    kJer25:30

    nIsa 329
    Jer 5 0 2 9
    rTsa 7:s
    Isa 8:4
    J e r 49%
    ZM!S:l
    sPKi SIZ
    2Kl 10:33

    tI<a 41:15

    uJcr 1727
    vIK1 19:15
    ZICl 8:R

    y1Ki 20:l
    2Ri 6 24
    2Ch 16:2
    zIsn $ 3 3 4

    Jer 31:30
    Nn l : W

    words

    to be
    "Fe.koYaf
    which
    concerning
    t h e days
    of Uz.ziEah*the king of Judah and in the days
    of Jer.o.bo'ama the son of Jo'ash, t h e king of
    Israel, two years before the earthquake." ' And
    he proceeded to gay:

    "Jehovah-out of Zion he will roar,Qnd out


    of Jerusalem he will give forth his voice;k and
    the pz~turegrounds of the shepherds m w t go
    to mourning,
    -. and the summit of Car'rnel must
    dry up.'jn
    3 "This 5s what Jehovah has said, ' "'On account of three transgmssions of Dama~cus,~
    and on account of four, X shall not turn it back,
    on account of their threshing Giltenadoeven with
    iron threshing instruments." And I mill send a
    fireu onto the hotwe of Hnzla.el,f' and it must
    devour the d~velIing ~ O ~ T ~OPP ~Ben-hatdad.Y
    S
    And 1 will break the bar of D a m ~ s c u sand
    ~
    cut off [the] inhabitant from B fB'ath-a'ven,"

    *"Arrnm." 31, 'rL.t~aos'; rnennlng "bcing n Iond'? or, "carrying a


    load," Or?"the rnEleg pFnin of A'vtn.'"

    AMOS 1:12-2:s

    AMOS 1:6-11

    petual1y.a And I w l l send a fire into Te'man,'


    z+Ge
    o h rc(l:ll
    lb
    and the holder of [the1 scepter from Beth.and
    it must devour the dwelllng towers of BozFe'dm;"' and the peopIe of Syriah will have t o zGe2s
    $;1;1!1:7
    c1;c:1fi;,y rah,'J
    go as exiles t o Kir," Jehovah has said."
    1 7 % .,
    9
    Isa
    ~-:2
    3
    169
    13 "This is what Jehovah has said, "'On
    Jcr .l!):rs
    '"'
    6 "This is what Jehovah has said, ' "On acaccount of three transgressions of the sons of
    count of three transgressions of Gn'zaP and on 'j$S?
    Am'rnonln" and on account of four, I shdl not
    z
    biPi?F
    account of four, I shall not turn it back, on pr\$:F
    JPACm:a
    turn it hackthon account of tllejr sllttPng' open
    %"I> 2 H
    account of their taking into exile a complete ;;?if5
    c 2.1 3 the pregnant womenmof GjS'e.ad, for the pur:'.<it 1 0 4
    body of exiles' to band aver to E'dom.'
    And I 5~
    ;:;
    pose of widening out their own territory.' l * And
    will send a fire onto the wall of G E I ' ~ ~, ' n d
    It 1 A;;; 2:;;
    1 will set fire to the rvdl of Rab'hah? and it
    must devour her dwelling towers. hAnd I will 1 ,J s:s
    must devour her dwelling towers, with an alarm
    cut off [the J inhabitant fmm Ash'dod,' and 'griF:5
    signal in the day of battle, wit11 a tempest in
    the holder af [the] scepter from Ash'keJon;' " 2 , ~ ~$%$
    1
    the day of stortnwind.k Jn A n d thelr king must
    and I wiU turn my hand backu upon Ek'ron,k i;; $.j:o
    go into exile, he and his princes together,""
    and the remaining ones0 of the Plzi.listtines ,FPC;;:~
    Jehovah has said.'
    must pel'lsh," the Lord Jehovalld has said,'ll 'Jer 17:s
    f Iss 1 2 5
    "'This is what Jehovah has sald, '"On ac9 "This is what Jehovah has said, 'On ac- ";~
    count of three transgressions of Mo'ab,'
    count of three transgressions of Tyre,r and on In(Z:,
    xsa1.i:~
    47:4
    and on account of four, I shall not turn it back,
    account of four, I shall not turn it back, on Jer
    n e m 6
    on
    account of his burning the bones of the king
    account of their handing over a compIele body
    of EVom for 1ime.s ? And I wtH send 0 flre into
    of exiles to E'dom, and lbecausel they did not
    Mo'ab, and it must devour the dwelling towers
    remember the covenantc of brothers," And
    of Kerri.oth;t and with noise Mo'ah must die,
    I mi11 send a fire onto the wall of Tyre, and it T
    ;
    p
    i
    with an alarm signal, with the sound of a
    ~
    E
    Z
    V
    3312
    must devour her dwelling to~~~cix.'t
    hol1n.b~ And I will cut off [the] judge from
    11 "This is what Jehovah has sald, 'On acthe midst of her, and all her princes I shall kill
    fgnN:5
    count of three transgressions sf E'domtu and uMn1
    1:4
    with hjrn,"~Jehovah has said,'
    on account of four, I shall not turn it back, on
    4 "This is what J e h o v ~ hhas add, 'On acnccount of his pursuing his own brother with
    coui~t
    of three transgressions of Judah,Y and
    the sword,v and [because] he ruined his [o~rfn]vgh2&TT
    on account of four, I shall not turn it back, on
    merciful qualities,Y and his anger keeps tearing yEFr;T;y
    account of their rejecting the law oof Jehovah,$
    away forever; and his fury-he has kept j t per-; Isa j;:1
    and [because] they did not keep his own regulaOr, "tho houw of E'den." ''Sy+" L X X W g; '"i'rnn~," XSyT.
    tions; but their l i ~ , ' after which their fore* Or, ''tilt wml~ant." a "The h r r l J~~oKAFI,"
    >I, A.do.ultflf P h o fathers had walked, kept making them wander.D
    ritik'; 'l'g, Da'nif.nzrs De'm ["del~ovnl~
    God"]; By, "the h d of
    lorrla'} ; 'r, Yt"Yrr El.o.kim' [''Jchovnh U ~ r l " j; Eritlier Clermnn, der
    "And
    I will send a fire into Judnh, and it must
    B E H X HERB; wilh which conlpnre C+encsie 2 : 4 Ewtr~oteb. This
    Or, "tlre Am'rnon.itea." b Or, "sho'phnr,''
    ex~~rbcasinrl
    occws 21 times in the prnphccy of AI mw,

    "'

    4 ,

    / $;!?is

    --

    AMOS 2 :6--13

    280

    AMOS 2 : 1 3 : 8
    I

    devour the dwelling towers of Jerusalem.'"

    y:; $T;g

    ront of newly cut grain. And a pIace to whJch


    e&$zm to flee must perish from the smjft one? and no

    6 "This Is what Jehovah has said, 'On account of three transgressions of Israel,' and on & g , ~ $ * ~
    235
    account aE four, I shall not turn it back, on F;rc
    H O .\:I
    account of their selling someone righteousCfor Ohral3:18
    mere silver, and someone poor for [the price of]
    a pair of sandals.' ' They are panting for the dust 'EeY;,2l
    of [the] earth on the head of lowly persons;' ,i;;
    find the way of meek people they turn aside;' *g;,l,"::,"a
    and a mana and his own father have gone to
    the [same] girl,' for the purpose of profaning
    my holy namesk 8Anld m garments seized as
    a pledge they stretch themselves outn beside kk;;?$,33
    every ;lltar;rand the wine of those wllo have no 2':x.i
    been firled they drink a t the house of their "j%Z:fd

    #z

    gocls.'bn

    Ere 1R:7
    FEtr 25:.11

    9 " 'But as for me, I had annihilated the &yg;2?l


    Arnto.ritet on account of them, whose height1 t$;,F!'&
    was like the height of cedars, and who was vigor- Ps 135:u
    ous like the sturdy t-rees;u and 1 went annihi- u$&ii20
    lating his fruitage above and hls roats below." 'JOB I1:2l
    '%nd
    I myself brought YOU people up out of
    the land of Egypt,P and I kept making you YEx lkn
    walk through the wilderness forty years,z in DC 2 : ~
    order t o take possession of t h e landc of the
    Arn'o.rlte,' alAnd I kept raising up some of * D d : m
    roun sons as prophetsn and some of YOUR young "igf;2:
    men as Na~'i.rites.~
    Should this really not be, ~~~~:~~
    0 sans of Israel?' is t h e utterance of Jehovah.
    4:7
    12 " 'But nou kept giving the Naz'i.rites wine
    t o drink, and upon the prophets YOU laid a cornaol10
    rnand, saying: "You must not prophesy."+ ;:;
    " Here I am making what is under YOU sway, F;c4:;g
    just as the wagonm3
    sways that is full up with a w @ ~ : l B
    C)r, "t~u~band."
    M, ish. "(3od~1."M,e!.o.him'. 0 "Land." M, er'ats,

    one strong will reinforce hfs power, and no


    mighty man will provide his SOUPwith escape.'
    fi And no one hmdling the bow will stand, and
    no one swift on his feet will escape, and no rider
    'Zgam16
    of the hwse will provide his souIa with escape."
    raer 45:41 lo And as for one strong in his heart among the
    mighty men,k naked9 is how Ile will flee in that
    nJ 417
    j:? 'day,'" is the utterance of Jehovah."
    Isn 224 1
    'Wear this word that Jehovah has spoken
    a
    ,
    mncernlng YN,' 0 mns of IsraeI, concerning the whole family that I; brought up out a
    s M l c 2:3
    EX 19:s the land of EgyptYasaying, a 'YOU people only
    De 7.6
    f' the
    uce ia:m have I known' out of all the f~lrnilieso
    Ac 17.26
    g r ~ u n d That
    . ~ is why I shaU hold an account*
    vEze 9:5
    $: :g ing against YOU for a11 sou^ errorsmv
    3 " 'IVil t two walk together unless they have
    J:O 2:s
    LU
    12:"
    met
    by appointment?Y WiI1 a Ifon roar in the
    h2c0
    G e 1 67 2: I4
    z,rfi.14:5 forest when it has no prey?= JVlll a young
    PY104:TL
    1m 3 1 : ~ maned lion give forth its voice from its hiding
    'Ec 9:12
    *;:I7 place if it has caught nothing at all? Will a
    Jpr 59% bird3 fall into a trap on the earth when there
    arrt6:26
    CLU 2 1 : s
    is no snamOfor it?'Does a trap go up from the
    ,,,,4:5 ground
    when fi: has absolutely caught nothing?"
    3%*P
    E
    ;: 116 If a horn
    is blown in a city, do not dso t h e
    ( G c 3:19
    G e 19.24 people themselves trembIe?* If a calamity ocIsa 4537
    s/e 14:za curs in the city, Is it not also Jehovah who has
    'Gal 6:15
    3 K12?:19 acted?# For the Lord Jehovahh lvjll not da a
    P4 2314 thing unless he has revealed his confidential
    D, , , ,
    matter to his servants the prophets.' There is
    a lion that has roared!" Who will not be afraid?
    :
    a "Soul." 11, neph'rdt; LXI, psy.eAi'; T'g, o'?ai.t)tn. ""The h r d
    3316

    Jehorah.'' 31, fl.rlo.nn!/' Yclao.stk'; LXXTgT, "Jehovnh Gort" ; SF,


    "the Lard of lai*(lnl" LLutlrer German, der Herr JEcrr. Compnre
    Amos 1 : 8, footnote 11,

    283

    The Lord Jehovaha himself has spoken! Who


    will not prophesy?"
    4cr
    tcr 26:9
    2.5736
    9 ""CAUSE
    it to be heard on [the) dwelling ;,!:$;,
    towers in Ash'dodf and on [the] dwelling tow- b ~ a ~ r f . 7
    and SAY: "Ek & ~ t h IrJrr
    - '"l4
    ers in h
    Ih
    te land of
    ered together against the mountains of Sarnar'i.a,ll and see the many disorders In the :J;1 g;:
    midst of her and cases of defrauding inside
    her.p "And they have not known how t o do rF;'lq'i
    Q:x
    what is straightfomard,"'8 Q the utterance of
    Jehovah, "those who are storing up violencet g?,':!
    u l ~ a:$
    b
    and despoiling in their dwelling towers.'""
    11 "Therefore #is is what the Lord fehovahbhas said, mere is an adversary even round
    about the land,' and he- will certainly bring vfsF,?T+6
    yourC strength dorrrn from you,C and yourr
    dwelling towers will actually he pIlmdered.'~yFz,9lB
    12 "This is what Jehovah has said, 'Just as
    the shepherd matches away from the mouth of $:,i ggjg
    l
    the lion two shanks or a piece of an ear,Vso U~I XhRr I:!)
    H'm1
    the sons of Israel will be snatched away,* those ;:;>I $;$d
    sittlng in Sa-rnar'i.a on a splendid couchDand LR17:1
    01,1, p:l'l
    011 R Damascene divan.'"
    Tjr. ,fO:lR
    13 " 'HEARand GIVE witnes&? in the house of sfid
    Jacob,' is fhe utterance of the Lord Jehovah,@ ;;:klt
    the Godf' of t h e armies. l4 'Far, in t h e dny of Pzcv l.1.5
    my holding an accounting' for the transfires- +r*:32:3J
    sions of Israel against him, 1 wiIl also llold an m ra:a
    ~ s ~
    accounting against the altars of BethPel;Oand
    * "The Lord Je11ovah.j' X,A4do,nn~l~*lro.ruih';
    LS'XPgT, # ' J ~ h a -

    .,,,,,:,,

    vah C30d";

    As, "the

    Lord of l o ~ d ~ "Lutl~er
    ;
    Qcnnnn, d ~ nr r r r
    b " T 1 ~ s LOT^ Jchovnl~,~'
    nr, A.c~o.~MI?J'
    TFbo.tcih'; LXSVgT, ''Johornh Gotl," a The pronoun
    i~ in the feminine ~ n d e r singulnr
    ,
    nutnbpr, i t l~cinga r l r ! l - r ~ ~ rto
    l
    tho city, which is feminine in grl~dur. Or, "trnrnil~fi."*'LTI~e
    J~rd
    Xchor~h.".\I, d.&.uay' Tcko.wihs;LTXT, "Jehovab Ood." f "God."
    XI',Ll.0.h t tn'; Vg, De'ats.

    EPP~.
    Colnpure Amos 1;8, footnote a,

    AMOS 3 : 1 W : 5

    the horns of the altnr will certainly be cut off


    and must fall to the earth.' And I will strike
    '&FIgi7
    h " c l ' V ~ m t nt h e autumn houseu* in addition to the
    *Jcr %.a
    rag 3:a summer house.'l(
    " 'And the houses of lvory 1vf1I have ts pernlKiP:m kh,n and many houses will have t o come to
    '2;%;"1,their finishjlr is the utterance of Jehovah."
    CZea 122
    "Hear this word, YOU c o w of Ba'sl~anpswho
    sDe 32314
    Ps n:12
    are an the mountain of Sn.rnartihaltwho are
    Eze 39:18
    t i ~ 1 1 G : H defrauding the Iowly ones,uwho are mistreating
    11PV 22.22
    I~F
    1L
    17 the poor ones,Y who are saying to their masters,
    3!ic 2:2
    Lord JehoT J O ~ Z O : E I 'Do bring, and let us drink!',' " ~ e
    rJoe 3:3
    ips 9 9 : s vahb has sworn by his holiness," ' " h o k ! there
    are days coming upon YOU, and he will certainly
    lift YOU up with butcher hooks and the Iast part
    of
    with fishhooks.' a And [by] breaches
    *pbT:EYOUYOU
    will go forth,' each one strstight ahead;=
    LZKAZ:~
    and YOU will cert~lnlybe thrown outd t o Har'*2K125:6 man,"* is the utterance of Jehovah.'
    4 " 'Come, YOU people, to Beth%el and commit transgression.': At Gil'gal be frequent in
    E
    y
    ;
    g
    l
    :
    p
    'HO 4 : ~ committing transgression,' and bring ~ o r m
    Ho 9:15
    a5:s sacrifices in the marn5ing; on the third day, YOUR
    B37a13:8 tentho part^.^^ EAnrl from what is leavened
    GS11 s : 4
    De %:= make a thanksglvin~sacrifice to smoke,' and
    =Le 7 2
    *ie 2 . 2 : ~ PROCLAIM voI~ntBry offerings;' CAUSE [it] to
    We 12:6
    be hearcl,k for that Js the way YOU have lovd,
    k)Itls:tn
    nHo9:1
    0 sons of Israe1,'l' is the utterance of the Lord

    Jehovah.'
    Or, "hmresttimt! house," *"Tho Loti1 Jehovnh." 31, A.do.ang"
    Peho.wih'; VgT, "Jehorah God"; Sy, "The Lord of lorrlslj; Lather
    Cfcrrusn, Deb H e w I1rt.r. 6 c o h n s 1:8, Tnotnnte il, aliterally,
    "each female [i,sh.slaala'] in front of her," hT. d "YOU d l 1 certninlg
    he thrown out," by n corrro(ion o f 31; liturnlly, "YOU [f~nlinine,
    plnral] will certainly throw oont ," hl. OY, "rnnx till~es,~'
    * 'The
    Lord Jehorah." Nj A.dn.nn!y' 'E'*Jlo.?uih'; VpT, " J ~ l ~ n mGod";
    h
    L,KTSy, "'debov~h"; Luther Uern~nn,d ~ IIc*rr
    r
    Lierr.
    a

    AMOS 4:6-12

    6 '"And 1 also, for my part, gave YOU people ;$f


    a l * 2fi:m
    27.33
    cleannessFof teeth in all YOUR cities1 and want t Ir)r
    of bread in all POUR place^;^ but You did not ; ,y;?
    c m e back to me,'" is t h e utterance of Jehovah. x , ~1ri.n
    7 " ' A n d as for me,I also withheld from You "/A;~'I?\'~
    people t h e downpour when there were yet three i::::;:
    months to the harvest;'V and I made it rain on kG::,j!&
    one city,^ but on another city I would not make
    ;-?;
    it rainz There was one .tract of Iand that would y.117ma:fi
    c,r 2 23

    be rained on, but a tract of land on which I R ZK: 6 i;


    rvodd not make it rain xvould be dried up.' "Joe 1 !O
    6And two or three cities staggered to one city
    in order ta drink water,O and they ~vtsuldnot
    get satisfied;" hut YOU did not come back t o "GI;:
    ;I;(;
    I~.IU I41
    me,'; is the utterance of Jehovah,
    GJvr 23 1.1
    9 " 'I struck YOU people with scorching and 1111 7 lo
    mildew.' There was a multiplying of WUR gar- .K:,9:':,2
    dens and of YOUR vineyards, b u t YOUR fig trees :i;$!;fpy
    and YOUR olive trees the caterpillar ~vouldde2B:51
    v ~ u ryet
    ; ~YOU did not come back t o me,"is the hDc
    J~~

    :;!c

    utterance of Jehovah.
    J O U i:
    An1
    2 213
    10 " ? sent among YOU people a pestilenceQ :,\,ki
    in the nature of that of Egypt.' With the sword ,J,y: ,n,; 2,
    I kiIledz YOUR young men," along with the tak- n;x;,;flU
    ing captive of yam horses,n And I kept making DL.2 ~ ~ 2 7
    rG rv2.2
    the stink of YOUR campsg ascend even into YOUR 1 L V 2ri:2!5
    b.L!
    nostrils;" but YOU did not come back to me,'"is *>Kk
    j, I , . I I
    the utterance of Jehovah.
    rl >r2 IR:?
    n"r<i
    \ . ~
    11 " T caallsed an overthronf among row pea- j::; y:!,
    ple, like God'sb ovel-thro~vof Sod'om and Go- ~$~;4;:
    mor'rah.'t And YOU came to be like a log
    snatched out of [the]
    but YOU did not iv:,y;;~
    jGLr
    come back to rne,lv is the utterance of Jehovah. ,i?$q '?
    12 'Therefore that is what I shall do to you, '~i~:7~~~t3
    a "1," &XX17g;'"it," JL bEl.o.himt, M; ha Tke.osf, I;,=;
    UP'W~
    (1

    81.

    Tl2,

    285

    284

    AMOS 4:13-5:6

    0 IsraeI. As a consequence of the fact that I


    shaZ1 do this very thing to you, g e t ready to
    rrh3:2
    meet your G ~ d , ~Or Israel. la For, look! the
    xJoh M . 4
    Former of [the] mountains' and the Creator
    I
    I
    : of [the] wind," and the One telling t o earthling
    rhhl.;T:lR
    .rrbr EO:13 manc what hls mental concernd
    the One
    dawn into obscurity," and the One
    ah~T,r~+ti:~"aklng
    I>n 2:29
    At.m,
    23 treading on earth's high places,' Jehovah the
    Godn of armies is his name."+
    F7;ky$o
    Jcr
    1s
    A l l F !J
    "HEARthis word that I am lifting up over
    CUP 312.13
    POW peopje as a dirge: 0 house of Israel:
    NIC 1 : ~
    Tlrtb 3.1H
    an 47 1 , 2 "The virgin,' Israel, has fallen;"
    . l l ~ T10:16 1
    "She cannot get up agaimk
    i
    - I\-I
    3722
    "She has been forsalcen upon her own ground;=
    J,.,
    I
    *21i1
    lcch
    3:H
    lw'?
    "There is no one raising her up.
    3
    "For this is what the Lord Jehovahe has
    j
    2
    saidl
    'The very clty that was going forth with
    ";;;;&2i2
    1 1 1 ;
    a thousand will have a hundred left; and the one
    t 2 ( h I >.L
    I 1
    going forth with R hundred wiIl have ten left,
    1%:~
    65 ti
    , j l I r 21:12 for the house of I ~ r a e l . ' ~
    111'1 ??:2fl
    4 "For fhls is what Jehovah has said to the
    I
    .
    I'l* 4 1
    ~
    'Search for meVrand keep livrqn 55:3 ~ O L ofI Israel,
    vr\m .I:4
    1ng.u
    a
    And
    do
    not
    search far Bethtel,v and t o
    , .
    cc;(, 2 1 : ~ Gil'galv YOU must not came, and to Be'er-she'bao
    r ~ 8:14
    m
    Y O U must not go through;" because Gil'gal itself
    "H"O:lb
    will without fail go into exile;' and as regards
    FIsn 1.15
    -rzc &:IT Beth'el, it will beconle something uncanny.l
    H C 1229
    ~
    ' Search lor Jehovah, and keep living: that he
    +r;tb 48 !,
    Jur 1s:5
    may not become operative just like firetb O
    house
    of Joseph,' and it may not actually dei;,!:,:?

    , ,,

    13

    l l , El.n.iim'. b Or, "spirit." Af, rurmA7i; LKT,pnetc'mn;


    n s60~ii.''
    f R, tvn'~rt~.
    Sm C b n ~ s i r i1 : 2, t'oatnott! d. a '.Earthling man." N,
    n.r/ntrt'; J , S X , (tn'fBrho.pai; Tg, ho'nlo, 4 '*His mental concern," M;
    hi^ Christ lor, Atlnint~dOTI~'];'L1.LT.*"The Lard Jehovah." II,
    ,t.do.t~cry' YFlro,wik';L S X , 1L'y'ri.o~Q'ri.08; Tg, "Jehovah God'';
    S;y, " t l ~ cLord of lords,"

    AMOS 5 :7-14

    286

    AMOS 5 :15-23

    287

    ,, ,!,,

    tPs69.:32 Iiving;t zurd that thus Jehovah the Goda of arvour, and Beth'ela may not be with no one to
    extinguish6 [it], 0 YOU who are turning jusmies may come to be with YOL', just 8s YOU have
    tice into mere worm\vood,' and the ones who i\fr ?T,lx
    uIsn
    m 1#:I
    5 : 2 said,u l j Hate what Is bad, and love what is
    5.7
    :,.~.+:rn
    3 . 1 1 3:la
    ~
    have cast righteousness itself t o the earth." ak.].:/I'
    good,^ and give justice a place in the gate.u
    !?::+I\'P!5 =:14
    "The Maker of the Ki'rnahk constellatlon~'and I< I#>?>
    r s m o It may be that Jehovah the God'' of armies isill
    R o 1?9
    the Ke'silm constellationlcn~ n the
    d One turning$:I,::
    ~ z c 419:s show favorz to the remaining ones of Joseph.'*
    P:: 82:4
    deep shadowr into the rnornit~g?itself, and thc ,.ii:,,l;;:,,
    "Therefore this b what Jehovah the Gods
    :
    ; ; y ; ~ of 26
    One who has made day itself dnrk ns
    armies, J e h ~ v a hhas
    , ~ said, Tn all the public
    ;;;\!!$fi
    x
    the One calling for the waters of the sea, that n ~ 10:21
    squares there wjll be wailing," and In alI t h e
    z:","P$?!f
    he may pour them out upon the surface of Ihe
    streets people will be snying: "Ah! Ah!" And
    earth=-Jehovah is his name;" "he who is caus- t:rF&yi:";\
    they will have to call a farmer t o m o u ~ n i n g , ~
    Ing lravoc to Rash forth upon someone strong,v
    and t o wailing those experienced in lamenta13:n
    that despoiling itself may come upon even a
    vJer9!17 tion,'+
    'And in aEE vineyarcls there wilt be
    +Ixa16:10
    fortified place.
    Jer +%33 wailing:. for I shall pass through the midst of
    E C X 12:12
    LO " "Inthe gate they have hated a reprover,y y;G!$:;F
    YOU,'^ J ~ ~ O Vl lRa ~~said.
    Z
    -Tra5:19
    a
    l
    l
    r
    l
    .'";fi
    Jer 1725
    and a speaker of perfect things they detest.*
    ?,la1 2 2
    18 'Woe to those who are craving the day
    2Pe 3 4
    1'Therefore, for the reason tl~atYau a r e exsJer 3 0 : ~ of Jehovah!' What, then, will the day of JehoJoc 2 1 5
    tracting farm rent from someone lowly, and the
    kIaa 530 vah mean to YOU people?" It avill be darkness,
    tribute of grain YOU keep taking from I1frn;"ey$;;,1.~
    gCT!qand no light," just as when a mane Aees behouses of hewn stone you have bulItla but you Cbt:;.$:R, c284i17
    cause of the lion;, and the bear ~ctuallymeets
    ~ P
    will not keep dwelling in them; and desirable X ~ 1:~s
    him; and [as when] he went into the house and
    I
    vineyards YOU have planted, hut YOU will not
    supported his hand against the wall, and the serkeep drinking the wine of them." For I have
    '
    3':2f
    ,
    2.;g;7 ;pent bit him.n 2 V WiIl not t h e day of Jehovah be
    known how many TOUR trstnsgressionsl are .end '"117'7
    ,darkness,and not light; and will it not have
    1 rg2ey;$
    how mighty YOUR sins are,' 0 YOU who are
    Jnc 2 2
    gloom, and not brightness?" I have hated, I
    ""
    2:s
    R e 16.10
    showing hostility toward someone righteous,@-19R 12:)
    wnd I shall not
    ~ T r 1 5 . 3 have rejected youn fe~tivalrr,~
    rot' who a r e taking hush money,t1m
    and the ones
    PI- 21;'fl
    enjoy the srnel! of YOUR solemn assernb1ies.t
    J~~ l . ~ l
    who have turned aside poor people* even In the E;,; $2;""
    ,$,622,0 2 2 But if YOU people offer up t o me whole burnt
    gate.]<:Therefore the very one having insight $;l,:(;,:,al
    offerings,ll even in YOUR gift offerings I shall
    b:r~:j;
    will in that time keep silent,t"for it will be a r hllc
    2;.l
    ?;; Fig4 take no delight,v and on YOUR communion0
    enlamitous timer
    nl's 31:12
    l 1oek.Y Remove
    I
    ,~,$~!~2 sacrifices of fatlings I s h ~ l not
    14 '"Search for what is good, and not what !l'I,\':$?
    is bad,&t o the end that YOU people may keep T;I:$iX
    a "and." 3f,jT~.o.1rimt,b "Jehovnh," M, B ,clfl,nnyt; Vg, Do.mi,m'.!TP

    #I:<>

    kr~lck

    44

    ,,, ,.

    ...,:,,

    I,"p";s:il

    r'Betb'el,'k~ L V ~ S F T
    ['the
    ; ho~tseof Ismel," T,XS. b Stn 3ah 9:0,
    Poatnote a. See Jot, 9 : 8, fmtnotc (1. d "EIssh morley!' Or, "a
    ransom." N, kk orp?tcr.

    tor; T, TeYrir ("Jehornt~"). Tlils is one of tllc 134 places whera


    the Jewish Sopherun nny tliey rhuavecl tha primitiro IIebrew text
    to read A . & . ~ c T ~['$thp
    '
    Soverc~gnLordWliav lu~tdof Y%o.anhF.
    a ((A m.'' 31, isla.

    AMOS 5:2-:3

    from me the fx~rmoilof your songs; and the


    melodious sound of your stringed instruments
    may I not hear,e 84 And let justice roll forth
    just like waters,%d righteousness like a con-

    AMOS 6 : n I I
    I

    Zsg~o

    $c&;

    kzi

    the name was purposely voca?ized in this way in Hehrew to correspond with skig.qats', mcanlng "disgusting thing." It evidelltly
    refem to a stnr god, f o r it 1s put in a parallelism with the "star of
    YOUR god" in the same verse. L X X S y , '.the tentJ> Vg, ta.ber.11~'cu+Ewm,*"POUR
    king.'qnI, mal.li"klrem'; L X X , Jro 3fo.Zokh'; Tg,
    No'loeh ces'tet'; Sy, mal.klrzrm', "1Cai'wnn," or, "Ke'rran.'> Litwally, Kiu.yGn', A f ; vowel pointed intentionally to correspond ~rith
    ~ h i ~ . ~ e i meaning
    is',
    "disgusting thing." Evidently the Accadian stnr
    h-ainta'aa or kaizr*rr'necis meant, ns this occurs in dccadisn inscliptions as the name of a atar god (Saturn). L X X , Rni-pkan'; hut
    Rom.skat at Acts 7:43 in the quotation bv Stcphm. Bee Bibel~ e x i & n (1956), by Herbe14 ~ a k in, ~ m & a n ,uhder I Z i ~ j mand .
    Rompha, e"God." M, el.o.7rin1'; applying to a false god. L'God."
    M, Ei.o.71imp.
    f

    men] that are lying down on couches of ivory


    and are sprawling on their divans, and are eating the rams out of a flock and the young bulls
    yea 5:11 from among fattened ca1ves;y that are improIsa az:U
    Lu 16:19 vising according to the sound&of the stringed
    Ro 13:13
    ZPS m:ZT instrument;" that, like David, have devised far
    themselves instruments for song;* a that are
    drinking out of bowls of wine,' and that with
    the choicest oils do their anointingSmand that
    have not been made sick at the catastrophe of
    Jo~eph.~
    7 "Therefore now they wjl1 go into exile at
    the head of those going into exile,' and the
    revelry of sprawling ones must depart."
    8 " 'The Lord Jehovah has sworn by his o m
    soul,'bxis the utterance of Jehovah the GodCof
    armies, ' "I am detesting the pride of Jacob,#
    and his dwelling towers I have hated,k and I
    will deliver up [the] city and what fills it."
    h d it must occur that iften mena shouId be
    rEiiPIQ
    left
    remaining in one house, they must aIso die.'
    Ps 1W13
    Isa lrl:21 lo A n d his father's brother will have to carry
    them forth one by one, and wiIl be burning them
    one by one, in order t o bring out [the] bones
    from the house." And he will have to say t o
    whoever is in the innermost parts of the house:
    'Are there any more with you?' And he will
    certainly say: 'Nobody!' And he will have t a
    t2Ki 8:33 say: 'Keep silence! For it is not the occasion for
    Jer 44216
    uXsa 10:5 making any mention of t h e name of Jehovah.' l J t
    Eze 29:20
    11 " 'For here is Jehovah commanding,u and
    N n 1:14
    a Literally, "mouth," X.
    S' onl." Id, nepl'esk; Tg, capni.mm.
    ="God." X,El.o,hht. d "Men." M, a.tti.skina'; the pIuraI number
    vAm 5:12

    *Fog$

    stantly flowing t0ment.O e3 Was it sacrifices and


    gift offerings that YOU people brought near t o
    me in the wilderness for forty years, 0 house
    of
    26 And YOU will certainIy carrymSakPA$; :+j:7
    kuthb YOUR kingCO and Kai'waqd YOUR images, ?
    +;:
    the star of YOUR god,e whom YOU made for yourselves.' Br And 1 will cause YOU t o go into exile +IKIg;;l
    11:33
    beyond Damascus,'"he whose name is Jehovah %5&??i'3
    SZK~
    2 K l lET : 6Z ~
    the Chdf of armies has said.""
    vlrn 4.13
    "Woe t o those who are at ease* in Zion
    and to those trusting in the mountain of #$&IF$$
    Sa.marti.a!k They are the distinguished ones
    of the chief part of the nations, and to them Fh?:tl
    the house of Israel have come. Make POUR
    way over t o Cal'neh," and see; and go from l;$gz;;u
    there to populous Ha'mathlr and go down to rgi+i~%,
    Gaths of the Phi.listtines. Are they better than
    these kingdoms, ox is their territory bigger s ; z ; ~
    than rouR t e r r i t ~ r y ?a ~[Are YOU] putting out t$;i**lo
    a Or, "TOU ~ R V Bcarried." b "Sak'kuth.>' Literally, Xa'A.7cflthp, JlT ;

    uEc 8:11 of YOUR] mind the calamitous day,u and do


    Isa 47:7
    Tsa 56:12 YOU bring near the dwelIing of violenceP [You
    Eze 1227

    of Uh.

    AMOS 6:12-7:4

    290

    he wilI certainly strike down the great house


    into rubble and the small house into debris.'
    12 " 'On a crag will horses run, or will one

    v2Ki 2 5 9
    Am 3:E

    plow [there] with cattle? For into a poisonous

    plant YOU people have turned justice,y and the


    fruitage of righteousness into wormwood,
    la [YOU who] are rejoicing i
    n a thing that is
    not;= who are saying: "Have we not in our
    strength taken horns to eurseIves?"*l4 Look!
    I am raising up against YOU, 0 house of Israel,,
    is the utterance of Jehovah the God& of the
    armies, 'a n a t i o n l a and they must oppress YOU
    people from the entering in of HaCmathbhdown
    t o the torrent valley of the &'a-bah.'
    This is what the Lord Movah caused me
    to see, and, look! he was forming a [locust]
    swarm at t h e start of the coming up of the
    later sowing.dbAnd, look! it was the later sowinga after the mown grass of the king.e %d
    it occurred that when it had finished eating up
    the vegetation* of the
    I proceeded to say:
    "0 Lord Jehovah,g forgive, please.* Who will
    rise up of J a c o b ? T o r he is mall!''#
    3 Jehovah felt repet over this.k "It &all not
    occur," Jehovah said.
    4 This is what the Lord Jehovah caused me
    to see, and, look! the Lord Jehovah was calling
    for a contention by means of fire; and it went

    YIKI al:7

    1Ki 2k13
    Pa %:20
    Isa 5 9 1 3
    Ha 10:4
    zJg 0:19
    Isa 41:29
    Isa 44:9
    *Da4:30
    Dam

    u : ~

    ZKi 175
    Isa 7:20
    Isa 8:4
    Ira 10:5
    3er 5:15
    H o 10.6
    M u 31:8
    1Ki k85

    B e 47:16

    PEX

    l0:B

    Isa 33.4

    Joe 1:4

    Joe 2:s
    An1 4 9
    Na 3 : E
    +Es10:15
    @Jer14:7
    D a 9:10
    XEze 11:M
    *Jsn 37:4
    Jer 42:2
    kPs 106:45

    no 11:a

    nLe lO:2
    Nu 16:35

    Isa 27:4

    M, El.o.hd?,a', Or, possibly, "from h'bi-ha'mrtth D o n


    of Ha'math]." See Joshua 1 3 : 5, footnote h. Or, ('the desert

    a '(God."

    plain.', See Deuteronomy I :1,footnote c. d "Later sowbg.'' During


    Jmua1-y. and F e b m ~ r y .e LXX reads: "And, look! one lonust mns
    Gog the king." Cornpalbe Ezekiel. 38: 2 ; Revelation 9 : 11. Or,
    "earth.', If, odsts. g "Lord Jehovah," M, A.do.nay' Pmho.wib';
    LXX, KpPrd.os Kgri.0~; JTgT, "Jehovah Boil"; Sg, '(Lord of
    1or.d~''; Luther German, Reas. Eerr.
    f

    eating up the vast surging watersa apld ate up


    the tract of land. And I proceeded t o say: "0
    rgaF;$,
    Lord J e h ~ v a hhold
    , ~ off, please.' W h o will rise
    srsa 1:8
    up of Jacob? For he is
    6 Jehovah felt regret over this.t "That, too,
    t'p:"9,Z;,15
    wiII not occur," the Lord Jehovah said.
    7 This is what he caused me to see, and, look!
    Jehovahc was stationed on a wall [made with]
    a plummet, and there was a plummet in his
    uZKI21:u hand.u
    And Jehovah proceeded to say t o me:
    Isa B:17
    zec2.1
    "What are you seeing, A ' r n ~ s ? " So
    ~ ~I said:
    Re 11:l
    vJer l:ll "A plummet." h d Jehovahc went on to say:
    Zec 5:2
    "Here I am setting a plummet in the midst of
    ~ - h 2 : 8 my people 1sraeI.y I shall no more do any furts&6 ther excusing of it." And the high places of
    Na 1:s
    kaace will certainly be Iaid desolate,* and the
    'Jer 7:31
    ~ e 1r7:3
    sanctuaries themselves of Israel will be devasO*rn 314
    tated;'
    and I will rise up against the house of
    Am 5-5
    ~m 814 Jer.o.bo'arnf with a srvord.""
    A2Ki 15:10
    01~112:32 10 And Am.a.zi'ah t h e priest of Beth'elb proI K i 1333
    + 2 a i N:23 ceeded to send t o Jer.o.bo'amf+the king of Israel,
    saying ; "A'mosd has conspired against you right
    6;z;g::;T inside
    the house of IsraeLe The landg is not able
    to put up with all his rvords." l1 For this is what
    xp;;;$8
    AC 7 5 4
    A'rnosd has said, 'By the sword Jer.o.ho'arnf
    *Jer2k3 will die;" and as regards Israel, it will without
    l'gi&!B
    fail go into exile from its own ground.'

    Zee

    "Surging waters." M, t"6ra;

    'Ik

    L X X V g , "abyss," Compare Genesis


    "Lord J~horwh."JI, A.do.my' Teho.~uih';LLr;X1
    Kyrri.os Ky'~i.08; VgT, "Jeho~nh God"; Sy, "Lord of Fords";
    Luther German, H e w Herr. c'JehovahF Tg8yT; A.do.nny', 3f.
    This is one of thc 134 plac~swhere the Jewi~hSopherim sny they
    changed the plimitiva Hebrew text to read A.c70.myt ("the Loril")
    instend of Yrko.wlala'. d"2i'rnus.l' See h 0 9 1:I, footnote a.
    "Isnnc." M, Tia.fi7taq'; rrs in Psalm 105 : 9 atla Jereuliali 33 : 26.
    Jer.o.bo'am 11, the son of Jo'osh, and n o t Jer.o.ho'am I, the son
    of %'bat. See Amos 1:1. g Or, "earth," If, errets.
    a

    1:2, footnote

    c,

    AMOS 7:12--8:2

    292

    293

    AMOS 8:3-40

    12 And Am.a.zitah proceeded to say t o l


    Apmas:a "0seer,n go, run your way off to the "22
    y~,,
    land of Judah,r and there eat bread, and there $;;F:,:o

    ;;;;fi2
    ;:

    you may prophesy. l 3 But a t Beth'el you must


    no longer do any further prophesying,:," for it ;;
    Is the sanctuary of kingt and it is the house A C 5:'ITr
    t'l I i l 12 29
    of a kingdom."
    l l i 1 12!3!3
    14 Then A'mosa answered and said to Ama$?:&
    zf'ah: "I was not a prophet, neithe~was X the 2,E\:iq
    aon of a prophetrbnbut I was a herdsmanv ~ n dd;:/,r;'i;"2
    n n i p p r of figs of sycamore trees. '%And
    Jeho- ;
    vah proceeded t o take me from Polloivhg the g;<;;TB:;o
    .I 1n
    flock,^ and Jehovah \vent on to say to me, 'Go, X J p r
    prophesy to my people
    And now hear :','&'
    the word of Jehovah,' 'Are you saying: "You A('4:"
    nc5 , n
    must not prophesy against Israel: m d you must $;;; ;?;::
    let no [word] dropd against the house of 4~;;~;$;
    ~e'~d:46
    Xsaac"?c Therefore this is what Jehovah has ~ ~ : %1:2
    said : "As regards your wife,O in the d t y she 0 : 4'YF
    ; . '14:IB
    wiIl become a prostitute,' And as regarcls your l';iQ
    sons and your daughters,D by the sword they oM"2:12
    will fall, And as regards your ground, by the 'PS7a:55
    I
    measuring rope i t will be apportioned out." And
    as regards you yourself, an unclean ground you
    wiIl die;* and as regards Israel, it will without
    failgointaexilefr~mitso~vnground.~""~ ~;crI -3@~ ~3 H
    I
    1 :w
    This Is what the Lord Jehovah caused me
    to see, and, look! there was a basket of summer fmit.k = A n d he proceeded t o say: "What ;]:;?;;:
    axe you seeing,n Afmos?"a So I said : '% basket ~ ~ Jar4r3
    Jtbr 24:s
    of summer f r ~ i t .And
    " ~ Jehovah went on t o say 91,ltrh
    2:.1.
    t o me: "The endo has come to my people Israel.8 n ~ , ~ r ~ ~ , k l
    X shall no more do any further excusing of it.t F,;:7,!;:
    ''A'mos,'' See Amos 1:1, fmteote a. Or, "was I o, xnomlm of

    Lz$,

    ,:::

    %?\A:$=

    Ike LntitE of prophets." See &seains' Zrbrrw Grammar (1W9


    editiol~),5 128,v. "Isaac." Sp(? Amus 7: B! fmtnoto O.

    'And the songs of [the] temple will actually


    be a howling in that d~y,'uis the utterance of
    AmJ:23 the Lord Jehovah. 'There will be many a carcassPV In every place one will certainly throw
    ~ ~ ; P ~ ~ ( ,
    Jer =:33 [them] out-hush!'
    lllPS
    4 "Hear this, YOU men snappinam at someone
    yNa 5.8
    S , ~ even
    in order ta cause the meek onesa of
    Ps ~ j P:O O~
    ~
    g; g!ip the earth to cease,'. saying, 'Haw long will itbe
    before the new moon pnsses' and we may sell
    :g;",1;',::,
    3K19:23
    Also, the sabbnth: alld we may offer
    Col 2 2 6
    G J e l U : 3 1 grain f o r sale; In order to make the e'phah
    AEx 53:s
    Ne l3:iS smalla and to make t h e shekel great and to
    'k?iiZ falsify the scales of deception;. in order t o buy
    lowly people for mere silver and someone puor
    &?r
    rrD12:T
    II:I
    for [the price of] a pair of sandals, and that
    we may sell mere refuse of grain?h-"
    "~;?,26
    Ps@:34
    7 "Jehovah has sworn by the Superiorityb
    WSa 1 5 2
    PS 10:11
    of
    Jacob,= 'Never will I forget a11 their works,*
    &lo 8:13
    ltrsa5:as
    WiU
    it not be on this account that the landC
    Hug 2%
    be agitated,]( find evcry inhabitant in it
    I ~ I I O ~ : will
    ~
    '2; gi8 wiI1 have t o mourn;n and it wlll, all of it, certainly come up just like the Nile and be tossed
    3eln15:g
    Am 4 3 3 and sink down IIke the Nile of Egypt?'~
    9 "'And it must occur in that day,' is the
    utterance of the Lord Jehovah,ll 'that, I will
    ;:t
    ;qi
    ;
    ;
    c i l a b 3 : l l make the sunc go down at high
    and B
    will
    cause
    darkness
    for
    the
    IandC
    on
    a
    bright
    uF
    :;2,S
    ,
    H O 2:11
    day.t lq Ancl I will turn YOUR festivals into
    eGe T.U
    mourninga1
    and all YOUR songs into a dirge, and
    ;yzafi;&
    ferdR:39 I will bring up upon all hips sackcloth" and
    ~y fJi ee 6:26
    r738 upon every head bnldness;~nnd X will make the
    F,"$2,i0situation like the mourning for an only [son],"
    n LLMe~
    ones?
    k
    M; "n.lIict~i1O I I P S ~ ~>fmarginm
    '
    Or? 'Gpride!' a Or,
    "eni.th."' N, er'ets. d "The Lord Jel~ornh." M, A wrlo.fi~p'
    Y'fi(~.quih';
    L X X B C , Ky'ri.as &y0ri.oa; +T, "Jchovnh Oorl"; SF,"Jeh~v&'~;

    wfz:!$

    :+zziz

    "?;,"z:i$

    Luther German, &r n c r r Dew.

    AMOS 8 :11-9 :3

    294

    11
    1

    and the end result of it as a bitter day." *Job3:5


    11 " 'Look! There &re days coming;,' is the
    utterance of the Lord Jehovah, 'and I will send
    a famine into the land,& a famine: not for O M f
    bread,b and a thirst, not for water, but for
    hearing the words of Jehovab.'l lP
    And they will n&pzjl,
    certainIy stagger from sea all the way to sea, g:;;?
    and from north even t o the sunrise. They will
    ma;;
    keep roving about while searching for the word 4De
    of Jehovah, but they will not find [it].' is In Pr 1.28
    that day the beautiful virgins will swoon away, ?$$&5
    also the young men, because of the thirst;4 ztj$iO
    26;10
    l4 those who are swearing by the guiltinessc of
    9.21
    I
    Sa.mar'i.a," and who actually say: "As youp +De
    lKi&:m
    godc is alive, 0 Dan!"#and, "As t h e way of E; &%
    Be'er-she'bax is alive!" And they will certainly ;&FG?jm
    Am 5:5
    fall, and they will rise up no more.' "#
    *2Ki l8:U
    I ~ ; L WJehovahd Stationed above the altar,Ok $"A;:
    and he proceeded to say: "Strike the pillar g,"e6;S
    6:4
    head, so that the thresholds will quake." And
    cut them off at the head, all of them.' And the rgTf42&
    last part of them I shall kill with the sword
    1
    itself. No one fleeing of them will make good 8:$h$g
    ier 48h4
    2:14
    his flight, and no one escaping of them will tJAm
    ob 2 6 : ~
    make his getawayas=If they dig down fnto gal,:;
    She'01,~" from there my own hand will take OHab 2:5
    themit and if they go up t o the heavens, from u$,bl~g
    there I shall bring them downu a And if they yer 4936
    hide thernseIves on the top of C a h e l , from Ee:'8::"i$
    there I shall carefully search and be certain to gE
    a Or, "earth." 31, uy'ets. b Or, "food?' M, l11~Rh'~m.C"G~d."M,

    el.o.hhna';TPith the adjeative "alive" in M e singultlr number, mascuLine gender. LXX, 710 t h e . 0 ~ ' ; Vg, de'z~. ''Jehovdh," By; ''the
    g l o l ~of Jehovah,'' T ; "the Lord," L X X ; Do'mi.?r~s,Vg;A.do.nay',
    M. This is m a of the 134 plrtm~where the Jemish Sopherim say
    they changed the primitivs Hebrem text t o read A.da.myp instead
    of Yelao.woV. e "She'ol." AIT, slaeGl; LXX,"Ha'dea"; TTg, h,fer''mu.

    I
    !

    AMOS 9:4-9

    295

    them.v And if they conceal themselves


    from in front of my eyes on the floor of the
    JTs 1399 sea," down there I shall command the serpent,
    zrsa"n:l
    and it must bite them.= 'And if they go into
    captivity before their enemies, from there I
    shall command the sward, and it will certainly
    kill them;' and I will set my eyes upon them for
    %$
    5 3
    Zec 13:s bad, and not for good.' &Andthe Sovereign
    :
    Lord, Jehovaha of the armies, is the One touchDe 25.63
    2ch 1&:9 ing the land," so that i t meIts;* and all the in1Pe 3-12
    habitants in it will have to mourn;O and it wilI
    "ps 4 6 5
    Mlc 1:4
    oua 4:a certainly come up like the Nile, all of it, and
    +Ps93:3
    sink down like t h e Nile of Egypt.'
    6 " 'He who is building in the heavens his
    stairsleand his structure over the earth that he
    'g;
    ,
    S
    @&
    xIsa 4 5 : ~ founded;" he who is calIing for the waters of
    QGe1:10
    the sea,# t h a t he may pour them out upon the
    of the earth1<--Jehovah is his name.'n
    ~"Ex
    ~ ~ 37: ,1 :~ : surface
    'g~
    7
    "
    'Are
    YOU not like the sons of the CusKAm 4.13
    ~ J e r1k23 itesd to me,' 0 sons of Israel?' is the utterance
    of Jehovah. 'Did I not bring Israel itself up out
    of the land of Egypt," and the Phi.lis'tinest out
    sg
    of Crete,e and Syriaf out of Kir?'gu
    2i;O
    tJer 46.4
    u2K1 i6:g
    8 " 'Look! The eyes of the Lord Jehovahh
    Am 1:s
    wSI I : ~ are upon the sinful kingdom,^ and he will cerPr 5.21
    Pr 15.3 tainly annihilate it from upon the surface of the
    gr0und.r NevertheIess, I shdl not compIetely
    ,"1"$1yj2&
    the house of J a ~ o b ,is
    ' ~the utterance
    2Joc2:3a
    5;~ ~ annihilate
    j ~ l
    of Jehovah."For, look! I am commanding, and
    I will jiggle the house of Israel among all t h e
    1'J0b54:22
    Jer 2.3%
    take

    gz

    See PsnIm 69 : 6, footnote n. b "Of the armies,') JlVgT; "the God


    Almighly [or, God the Almigh~]," L X X ; "the Mighty One,'> ,By.
    0s. "earth." IT. er'efs. d h i T h e Cush'ites." ATST-: "the E.ths.oppi.ads:? I I ~ ~
    " C ~ e,t e .'' ~M, ~ a ~ l ~
    LGX?&~T,
    t ~ t ~ "Cappai
    ilosia." see Deuteronomy 2: 23. ''Syrin~?or, literally, "8'mm,"
    Y T S y i "the Syrian.:' LXXTrg. "Kir," MRy; "Cy.rerne," VgT.
    "Thc Lorrl Jehornh." See Amos 3 :7 , footnote b.
    f

    AMOS 9:lO-15

    296

    nations,* just as one jiggIes the sieve, so that 'k gii


    not a pebble fans to the earth. y"'
    the sword ~ 2 1R:fZ
    ~ 1
    they will die-aU t h e sinners of my people," +!.$
    :!&
    those who are saying: "The calamity will not d;,:,l;i,;l
    Plrn 8 : ~
    come near or reach as far as us." '&
    J4n 11.1
    11 " 'In that day I shall raise upQthe bootha* j,;:$;4
    of David that is faDen,E' and I shall certainly ~ : r mr 2 . i
    repair their breaches. And its ruins I shall raise r .u 2.a1.1
    131
    up, and I shall certainly build it up as in the * ~ ~ " , ' ~ ~ 5 m
    days of long ago," l2 to the end that they may ~ ~ ; ~ $ i ~ f
    take possession of what is Ieft remaining of ;;E$y
    rjlc

    E'dornPkand a l I the nationsb upon whom my ky;;:lq


    name has been ~aIIed,'~
    is theutterance of Jeho- ny;;l;!a
    I S ~ L.v1:6
    vah, who is doing thkc
    60:3
    13 " 'Look! There are days coming,' is the Is11
    n,,
    m:1
    utterance of Jehovah, 'and the plowman will fi$
    actually overtake the harvester,' and the tread- rk;,2,7&5
    er of grapes: the carrie$ of the seed;. and the :F;c,
    mountains will actually drip with sweet wine,' t J n ~' i . 1 ~
    and the very hills will all find themselves melting.Q" And I shall certainly gather the captive UP^ 07:s
    ones of my people Israel,' and they w1Il actually VJer 30:5
    build [the] desolated cities and inhabit [them] ,y Y@," &jl.
    and plant vineyards and drink t h e wine of them, $!; :$$$
    and make gardens and eat the fruit of them.'&&$e;:=;
    15 " 'And I shall certainly plant them upon Mrc a.1
    their ground, and they will no more be uprooted
    from their ground that I have given them,'" 'p,", $2'
    Jehovah your @ode has said."
    JOP
    Eze 3:m
    37:s

    7':

    ('Booth?"&

    a
    suk-hl'; LXX, si5e.m' ("kenEn; ('ruyd gnlncc," a t
    Acts 15: 16); I'g, f~.bgt.m%rr.llrm. "That they mnr t n k ~pomsaion of what is left remaining of E'dom, and nll the nntions?
    BiTgSfl; "that the rest. of the men mny scelr out, and all the nfitions," L n . ' ' l a the attermm of Jeho~ah,rrho is d o i a ~this,$'
    U1'aS;r; "sags Jeho~ahBod, who is rlok these thinas," LX.X
    d OF, "drawer out"; that is, out of the wed bag: * "Your Cioil,l'
    MVgSy'P; "the AImighty G d [or, God the Almighty],"' J,XK,

    OBADIAH"

    'fp,"r!ti\
    $?:I2
    .TOP ,4.1il

    An1 l : l l
    Mnl 1 5

    DJer 0:4

    1 The vision ofO.badiW:a


    This is what the Lord Jehovahh has said
    regard in^ E'dom: " 'There is a report that we
    have heard from Jehovah, and there is an envoy who has been sent among the nations, 'Rise
    up, you people, and let us rise up against her
    in battle.'

    "3

    2 "'Look! Small is what I have made you


    'bJerd*R
    U,?P,i$ among the nations.* You are despised very
    much." The presumptuousness of your heart
    +Pr 16.18
    PC 1s.12 ISwhat hns deceived you,' you who are residing
    .Itor 4% 10
    3 t a 1 11
    in the retreats of the crag,mthe height where
    o?CI,
    : ? 2512
    1.1~ 7
    he dwells,c saying in his heart, 'Who rviil bring
    me down t o [the] earth?" If you shoutd make
    '!;I.":l;4'
    cnrlc ]:Is your position high like the eagle: or if among
    *dab S O 4
    raa u:ia

    p:z

    J O ~.I~):IU
    A,,

    the stars there were a pIacing of your nest,


    down from there I would bring you,"# is the

    utterance of Jehovah,
    5 "If it were thievesa that came fn to you,
    if despoilers [came in] by night, to what exIrJer
    fentd would YOU have been silenced?lc WouId
    they not steal as much as they wanted? Or if it
    were grape gatherers that came in t o you,would
    they not let some gleanings remain?n @ O the
    nE;g;:l extent
    t o whichc those of E'sau have been
    searched out!^ [HOW]
    his conceaIed treasures
    rm
    T~nve
    been
    sought
    out!=
    '
    As far as the boundary
    ny,*f:fi\$
    ozcc2:mr

    31, '~.batl.~ya?i';
    rnennin~''Servnnt of %h!'
    Compare 1 Kings
    15 :3, iootuntr 3. b "Tha Lord Jrhornh." M, d . d o . ~ $F?to.zci71';
    LXSTgT, i'Jc.liornb E;mI"; Sg, i'llle h r d o f lords"; Luther Germnn, (lor Derr Brrr. m Or, by R s l i ~ h tcorrection, "mah%g his
    du*ulljng high." d "To shnt extranl f" Ch; "howT" 31, aikh. "0 the
    c x k n t io ~vkiich!" Or, L'UowIn31, eikh.

    181

    they have sent you. The very menRin covenant


    with you have all deceived you.t The menn at tmc2B22
    peace with you have prevailed against youaUUj,",T$;ij
    Those [eating] food with youbwMI1 place a net v P h 4 1 : Q
    under you as: one in whom there is no discernban:ll
    ment.+ $Will it not be in that day?" is the uJcr
    49:7
    utterance of Jehovah.
    zPs 93:m
    " h d I shaU certainly destroy the wise ones
    * ~ ; F J
    out of E ' d ~ r n , ~and discernment out of the Jcr ..%a
    mountainous region of E'sau. And your mighty c$:?&\:",l
    men must become terrified: 0 Te'man," for the $,"$+
    reason that each onec will be cut off from the :;:j':;i3
    mountainous region of E'sau, because of a. kill- ~~~;;;~L;2
    24l:l8
    ing." lo Bemuse of the violenee t o your brother qI sk,t Ri;fi
    Jacob,O shame will cover you,' and you wlll
    2,";~~:
    have to be cut off to Ume indefinite." l1 In the *Jrr
    441.13
    day when you stood off on the side, in the day ??$,:!'o
    when strangers took his military force into capz22f&
    tivityxand [when] outright foreigners0 entered OGi> 17:12
    his gate* and over Jerusalem they cast Iots,]~Y,2,;%!44
    N N 3:1n
    you also were like one of them.n
    nPs 50:18
    12 "And you ought not t o watch the sight in
    r:u
    the day of your b r o t h e ~in
    , ~the day of his mlsfortune; and you ought not to rejoice at the sons
    of Judah in the day of theis perishing;a and you 82 !
    :;;'
    ought not t o maintain a. big mouth in the day of Mlc 7%
    [their] d i s t ~ s slS. ~You aught not to come h t o a n 1:lE
    t h e gate of my people fn the day of their disas~6
    ter.t you, even you, ought not to peer at his
    calamity in the day of his disaster; and you
    ought not to t h r u s t out a hand upon his wealthd

    :!;

    a"3Ien." If,

    the p I n d numher of Ck. bLit~mlly,


    "[Thaw] of p a r bread," M. "Ench onr." nI, idt, "Tnn oirgl~t
    not to thrust ant n hand XpQnhis weallh" ; h!- II cnmcting of' ill,
    LitcrnH;r, "rou [feminine gender, plural nmnbcr] ought to make
    no tllruib at lria wealth," H.
    a.nii,slrim';

    '$$I$;&

    inthedsyofhladlaaster.U1*Andyououghtnot
    &and at the parting of the ways," in order to
    cut off his escapees;Y and you aught not to hand

    $'Joe 3 19 to
    YAm

    over his survivors in t h e day of distress."


    For the day ofJehovah against all the nations
    'Pr110:6
    is
    near.R0 In the way that you have done, it win
    Jcr OX5
    Jerk:32 be done to youqDYour sort sf treament will
    Jcr 4!*.t2
    Eze 3 . i b return upon your own head! l a For in the way
    Joe 3 1,;
    hI!c5 : 5 that YOU pe~plehavedrunkuponmyho~ymoun%..p 1.7
    zaur1.1 3 tain, all the nations will keep drinking eon$:$; stantly.: And they ivill certainly drink and guIp
    do~m
    and become as though they had never hap1% 13i:8
    pened
    to be:
    1':Zc ;:?:Is
    J or .
    ,
    7
    17
    "And
    In Mount Zion is where those escap
    llnh_.::a
    2
    ing
    wlll
    prove
    to be," and it must became someATl'h 1.0
    a s l a r ~ i : 1 7 thing holy;' and the house of Jacob must take
    the things for them to passess.bS
    . ~ ~pp~ssession
    : $ ~of~
    I n And the house of Jacob must become a fire,k
    ',!;:,'&i7
    and the house of Joseph a flame," and the house
    'ISn
    ZIT 4H :<
    B
    *lun 1.1:~ of E'fi~luas ~ t u b b l e ;
    and
    ~ they must set them
    Aln Vl2
    ablaze
    and
    devour
    them.
    And there will pvove t o
    IC;;;;'~;~
    r..~,,c
    2.5
    be no survivor to the house of E ' s a ~ for
    ; ~ Jeho~ , l P l .iQ:l$
    ?
    vah himself has spoken [it]. "' And they must
    ol,n
    take possessian of the Neg%b,ceven of the momof E%au,' and of the She.phe'~
    ~
    ~
    Btainous
    ;
    $
    ~region
    ~
    !
    lah,flu
    even
    of
    the
    Phi.lisftines.v And they must
    h h l I:.>
    tll)~
    r 7 take possession of the fidd of EFphra.hsand of
    1s:) 11~14
    the field of S~l,rnar'j.a;~
    and Benjamin [must
    I
    I ,
    Y.:U'P 11.6
    x:lci i : ; ~talce possession of] Gil'e.ad.' ** And as for the
    *>I
    13.25
    exiles of this rampart,'" to the sons of Israel will
    w~rn;i 10 belong what the Ca'naan.itesA[possessed] as E a r
    =Jer3Q:7

    :
    ,:;,I;:~"

    .,,,
    ,,,,,
    f>'i

    Or, b ; a
    ~
    $1: "'theday oi' Jrhovnh i s nrnr upon nll the nations.''
    sli~l~
    rorreclion,
    t
    "take pmc.ssion of those holding them in possmR ~ I M E , " to ngrcs with i,X,Yl'&.
    Dr, "the .sonthl'; that is, the
    a n ~ ~ t h e rprirt
    n
    of nnoierit P n t ~ine.
    t 6 Or, "the IoxImds."'* '%ampnrt." RT, hh?l. "Fortrm; stronp1ioltl."-German
    BrbIe TrmsIation
    I q 6 m i l F. Rnattasch, g c l t r n ~ ~ i n ~ ~ i ~ ~ n .

    And the exiles of Jerusalem,


    who were in Se-phar'ad, will take possession of
    the cities of the Neg'eb.&+
    21 "And saviorsbmwill certainly come up
    ontoCMount Zion," in order to judge the momtainous region of E'sau;' and the kingship must
    become Jehovah's."k
    as Zar'e.phath.0

    r*c

    O%i,&,g

    +Jer
    Jer 13:ig
    3:13

    @
    g~&s
    x30e 2:3z
    #Ps 1 4 9 9
    kZec 1453

    Or, "the south'); that is, the southern part of ancient Paleaiina
    "SaTiora~'MTgT; #'smbved men:' LXX; "the redeemed ones," Xy.
    E liOntolj MTTgSyT; lrfrom (out of) ,
    " LXX.

    JONAW
    And the word of Jehovah began t o occur
    to Jo'naha* the son of A-mit'tai, :aying: *$Ei,14iT
    "Get up, go t o Ninfe.vehuthe great city, and ng~-!;ll
    p~wclaimagainst herA that their badness has Ag;;~;
    come up before me."*
    W e 18:zo
    5:4
    3 And Jotnah proceeded to get up and run 3as
    Re 18:5
    away to Tar'shish' on account of Jehavah;he +P&$%:1,
    and he finally came down to Jop'pacxand found ,gy"z:is
    a ship going t o Tar'shish. So he paid its fare and
    went down into it, in order to go with them to ?lg?;i
    y ~ ~ p
    Tar'shish on account of J e h ~ v a h . ~
    AC 105
    4 And Jehovah himself hurled forth a gmat
    windd at the sea,' and there came to be a great *&11:21
    tempest on the sea; and as for the ship, it was
    about to be wrecked.k And the mariners began k$tgz
    to fear and to call for aid, each one to his godmenn;giz6
    And they kept hurling out the articles t h a t were
    in the ship t o the sea, in order to lighten [it] of
    *M, Fo.nuk', meaning "dove"; La=, Yo.nast, ns in Matthew 1 2 :
    39-41. b Or, "from before Jehovah." e "Jop'pa." N,Pa.pho'; LXZC-

    Tg, Fop'pe. d "Wind." M, ~u'altk; L X X , pla~u'mn; Tig, .aem'tws.


    gee Genesis 1 :2, footnote d, * "Uod," M, elboahim'; L X X , 380 t7ts.od;
    TTg, &'?4$.

    '
    ~

    them.' But Sotnah himself had gone down to the


    innermost parts of the decked vessel, and he
    proceeded
    to lie down and go fast asleep.8 a At
    &?$*
    length the ship captain= came near to him and
    said to him: "What is the matter with you,
    tguEi: leep per?^ Get up, call out t o your god!buPerThe [true] G o d c will show himself caring
    u S g 3 ; haps
    about
    us, and we shall not prish."'
    ~2$,y232
    7
    And
    they began t o say t o one another:
    :
    sJg20:9
    "Come,
    and
    let us cast lots,w that we may know
    Ps 2238
    on
    whose
    account
    have this calamity.'" And
    y x : : they
    ~ kept castingwe
    Y J O S 7:il
    lob, and finally the Iot fell
    Jos 22.20
    Isa 141% upon Jo'nah.8 So they said to him: "Do tell us,
    on whose account it is that we are havTJ,U,?$ please,
    ing this calamity?* What is your
    and
    :ig;:fg
    from
    where
    do
    you
    come?
    What
    is
    your
    country,
    3%47:5
    51;;3
    and from which people are you?'IA
    AlSa 3:18
    JLU =:59
    9 At that he said to them: "1 am a Hebrew,O
    GGe l4:13
    P ~ 3:5
    P
    and
    Jehovah the God of the heavens*I am fear+DR2:18
    Re11:13 in&,@
    the One who made the sea and the dry
    @JobI:%
    AC Z;:Z Iand.'"
    R e 15:4
    =P.
    ~ 6 : e
    10 And the mend began t o fear greatly- and
    Aa 14:15
    they went on to say to him: "What is this that
    *Da 5:6
    ~ 6
    :J",",j:$ you have done?"k For the mend had come to
    Pss:4
    know that it was on account of Jehovahe that
    he was running away, because he had told them.
    Finally they said to him: "What should we
    do to you, in o ~ d e rthat the sea may became
    still for us?" FOPthe sea was continually n o w n l s 6:z ing more ternpestuous.n So he said t o them :
    P S m9
    iiLift me up and hurl me into t h e sea, and the
    I

    '<The ship captain." Literally, "the principal one of the sailors,')

    Bi, b "God." M,s2.o:him'; L X X , ho the.ost; IT


    de'ntcr.&
    "The

    'I
    '

    [he]

    God.'",
    ha-El,o-klm'. See Genesis 5 : 22, 24, footnote a. d "Men."
    31, a.mC.shim'; the plural number of ksh. Or, "from before
    Jehorah!'

    JONAH 1 :13-23

    sea will become still for P O V ; ~because I am XaN:17


    aware that it is on my account that this great
    tempest is upon YOU."^ l3 But t h e menRtried to
    work their way through, in order to bring [the ~
    ~
    h
    ship] back to t h e dry land; y e t they were unable, because the sea was continually growing
    tPS 1 M : E
    mom tempestuous against them.t
    Ac 27:14
    14 And they proceeded to call out to Jehovah
    107:a8
    and te say:" "Ah, now, 0 Jehovah, may we, Isa26:16
    please, not perish because of the souIb of this '""
    YPS 115
    21:8:3
    man! And do not put upon us innocent blood,'
    since you yourself, 0 Jehovah, have done ac- zy;sy24
    cording to what you have delighted in!"s $,$",89;t
    l5 Then they lifted up Jo'nah and hurled him
    g q4 2t 4~ p
    into the sea;= and the sea began to halt from UDa
    Ua 6:&
    its raging.* lfi
    At that the mena began to fear RC 5:11
    Jehovah greatly," and so they offered a sacri- agi8i2L"7
    fice to JehovahA and made v0ws.O
    OGe
    Pe 12820
    07:~
    17 Now Jehovah appointed a great fishC to F; !E::;
    swallow Jotnah,+
    so that Jo'nah came to be in
    the inward parts of the fish three days and y ; ; g ; ~ r
    three night^.^
    LU 1 ~ x 1
    x2Ch 3323
    Then Jo'nah prayed to Jehovah his Gsda cAyg;:6
    from the inward parts of the fish" and said; &y2;;
    "Out of my distress I called out to Jehovah,' 2 &!%
    ICPS 41
    and he proceeded t o answer me.k
    Ps 2 2 2 4
    "Out of the belly of She'de I cried for he1p.n n",%ll;::;O
    Mr =:do
    You heard my voicear
    Ac 2:27
    a "When you threw me [to] the depths, rps 3 4 : ~
    BPS69:l
    into the heart of the open sea,s
    P S %:3
    "Then a very river encircled me.t
    ~Eze
    P 4S27:4
    2:~
    a '9fen." hl, a.nd.sJrdmr; the plural number of isR. b "Soul.'> 31,

    Ea$F:fB

    +z

    ~aepk'csh; LXX, pay.c7~~'; BgJ rr'wi.41tcs. C 'lFSsl~.?'


    M d ~ g ;LXX,
    kpftos (Lhea monsterg*; or, ('huge fish") ; Tg, plis'cis ("5sh7').
    dL'Gscl." B1, El.o.kzm'. e"8hctol." M, ske62; LXX, E~i'des; Tg,

    in'fe.rrrs.

    JONAH 24-10

    303

    302

    ,
    1'
    I

    <'All your breakers and your waves-over


    me they passed on.
    '%d as for me, I said, 'I have been driven
    away
    from in front of your eyes!u
    ~
    7
    " 'How shall I" gaze again upon your holy

    "Waters encircled me clear to [the] soul;


    the surging watersc themselves kept
    enclosing me.
    "Weeds were wound around my headmy
    "To the bottoms of [the] mountains I
    went down.
    "As for the earth, its bars were upon me
    for time indefinite."
    "But out of [the] pit you proceeded to bring
    up my life, 0 Jehovah my God.=*
    "When my souIbfainted away within me,'
    Jehovah was the One whom I rernern-

    IP

    bered.*
    "Then my prayer came in to you, into your
    holy temple.4
    "As for those who are observing the idoIs
    of untruth, they abandon their own
    loving-kindness.e+
    "But as far me, with the voice of thanksgiving I will sacrifice to you.*
    "What I have vowed, I will pay." Salvation0
    beIongs to Jehovah."*
    10 In time Jehovah commandedf the fish,
    t it vomited out Jo'nah onto the dry
    Or, "Indeed [Sufely] 1 shall." Th, "How shall I?" b"Soul."
    X, 41epJB~esh;L X X , p~y.~kd'; Tg, adlni.mu. T h e surging waters."
    31, teh&jt; L X X T g , +'an abyw."' d "God." El.o.Tcina'. Or, "loyal
    107s." &I,hhas'ed. Literally, "raid to," 31.
    f

    JONAH 3: 1-8

    304

    Then the word of Jehovah occurred to


    Jo'nah the s e m d time,
    "Get up, ~ ~ 0
    go to Njn'ewehr the great city, and proclaim to rg;,"g&

    n ~ J
    I

    her the procIamation that 1 am speaking t o


    YOU,"'

    sYer
    Eze 3
    2:7
    :17

    3 At that, Jo'nah got up and went t o N h 9 - IC0 9:16


    veh in accord with the word of Jeh0vnh.t Now tEze 9:11
    Nin'e.veh herself proved to be a city great to
    God,&with a walking distance of three days.
    ' Finally Jo'nah started to enter fnto the city
    the walking distance of one day, and he kept
    proclairnjng and saying: "Only f013y clays more,
    uJer 189
    and Nin'e.veh will be overthsown."~
    5 And the menb of Njnk-veh began to put
    faith in God,Cv and they proceeded to proclaim Vg,;s
    a fast and to put on s a c k c f o t h , y f m the greatest one of them even to the Ieasl one of them.=
    When the word reached Ithe king of Nin'e-veh,' Y;;;s;
    Jer 36:g
    Joe 1 2 4
    then he rose up from his throne and put off his zser
    a34
    Ac 8:10
    oflclal garment from himself and mvered him- *P,
    210
    sell with sackcloth and sat down in the ashesmn
    ' Furthemore, he had the cry made, and he 5,':::p
    had jt said in Ninte.veh, by the decree of the Jltmfl
    king and his great ones, saying: "No mand and
    no c2ornestic animal, no herd and no flock, should
    taste anything a t all. None should take food.
    B e n water they should not drlnkP And let
    2:15
    them cover themselves with sacl~clotl~,
    mand
    rind domestic animal; and let them call out t o OP,":Ej$
    GodE5in a strong way and come back,' each +Zgelj&
    one from his bad way and from the violence Fii;~P

    i,

    zt1&?

    nz;$S

    n''Chat to God [14;l.o&im']." Or, 'bxtrurndg grent." Compare the


    trqnaemiion."di~-kelybeautiful [benut~falt o b+od] *'in AcB 7 : 20,
    Jootrrotn (1, b"Xe-n." S e e Jonah 1.: 10, footnote d. O"God!' N,
    J'!E.o.krs', d ";BTau,17 M, h+a.fiawt,

    ~ 6 was In their hands." O Who is there knowing


    that
    whether The [true] Goda may turn back and
    actual1y feel regret and turn back from his
    ";,L"f4'ls
    ly!$M burning anger, so that we may not perish?""
    10 And The [true] Godfi got to see their
    works, that they had turned hack from their
    *lKL
    PF s
    N:2g
    1 : ~bad way;' and so The [trueJ God& began feel1
    : ing regret over the calarnlty that he had
    1-u 15:21)
    spoken of causing to them; and h e did not
    cause [it] .k
    kfg,lyt
    Atrr $ 3
    Ta 3ornah, though, it was highly displeasing:] and he got t o be hot with anger?
    fy&Fg4,
    N:lB
    And he proceeded to pray t o Jehovah and to
    dna 4 5
    say: "Ah, now, 0 Jehovah, was not this an
    affair of mine,bwhile I happened to be on my
    own ground? That is why I went ahead md ran
    'Jon
    away t o Tar'shish;r for I knew thrtt you art! a
    slow t o anger md
    %:& GodC gracious and rner~iful,~
    Ps 14538 abundant in loving-kindnese,dt md feeling reJoe 2:19
    t l ' x 71r::l~ gret over the ~ a l a m i t y . ~
    And now,0 Jehovah,
    1% R G , 5
    I
    take
    away,
    please,
    my
    soulD
    from me, for my
    hllC 18
    u r l ; ~i i 4 4 dying is better than my being alive."rY
    5',"r@i~'d 4 In turn Jehovah said: 'W~aveyou rightly
    ,$
    : i:a become hot with anger?"Y
    l I i l 1*14
    5~enJo'nah1ventoutofthecityandsat
    J,,I,,;.~
    down east of the city; and gradually he made
    ,$C
    fur himself there a booth, that he might sit
    &!$$:
    J J R 1 : ~under it in the shadeZuntil be would see what
    61 1C1 1"!4
    1 1 would become of the city.'
    Accordingly Jehovah Gods appointed a bottle-gourd plant,h that
    a

    zji:?

    "The [tn~e)God," See Genesis 5: 22, hotnofa n; 1. Snmuel 4: 13,


    17, IF+,fnntnotc n. b "Aa &air oE mi no,'"^, "my worrl." Cd'Cinrl,"
    3I, Kl; J'F, D F ' M ~ , Or, "loyd IoT~."
    N, Irlres'rd. *"Sonl." X,
    ~ i cItPreR8;LXX, ph.j~,cbP'; Tg, mhb.laa, Or, l'my life," M, 6"JehornR c c ~ a , ~M. L X T V ~ ~ ~Sea
    ~ T .Deneaia 3 : 4, fnohoto b Wq
    ' ' R i c i m ~plmlt
    ~
    ; onstor-oil plant!' RX, qLqn,ytrt'.
    f

    JONAH 4:7-11

    306

    it should come up over Jo'nah, in order to become a shade aver his head, to dlelivee him O Z e p l : l 8
    103:1[1
    from his calamitous stateanAnd Jo'nah began to
    rejoice greatly over the bottle-gourd plant.aA*fEzZ
    7 But: The [true] G o d b appointed a worm at
    the ascending of t h e dawn on the next day, t h a t
    it should strike the bottle-gourd plant;O and it O J D b l : a
    gradually dried up.' And it came about that, +y,"ey:2
    as soon as the sun shone forth, GodCalso went
    on to appoint a parching east wind: and the eEzeels:12
    sun kept striking upon the head of Jo'nah, so
    that he was swooning away;"and he kept asking 'g;alzi::fO
    that his sould might die, and he repeatedly said:
    "My dying off is better than my being alive.'+# *y&z$;
    9 And G o d C proceeded to say to Jo'nah:
    "Have y m rightly become hot with anger over
    RJon 4:4
    the bo ttle-gourd plant?
    At that he said: "I have rightly become hot
    with anger," to t h e point of death."r But Jeho- !$e$&
    vah said : "You, f o r your part, felt sorry for the
    ;6;s
    b o t t l e - g o u r d plant, which you did not toil upon
    or make get big, which proved to be a mere
    growth of a nightf and perished as a mere
    growth of a night.f And, for my part, ought
    I not to feel somy for Ninpe.vehthe great city,"
    :gg
    in which there exist more than one hundred
    and twenty thousandE menrh who do not at dl
    know the difference between their right hand
    and their left,t besides many dom&tic mirnal~?"~
    PS1o4:14
    145:9
    a Or, "Ricinns plant; castor-dl plat1t." IT,qi.qa.ydmP,b "The [tme]

    MICAH"
    I

    that he visioned concerning Sa.mar'i.aB and

    Jerusalem :x
    2 "'Hear, 0 YOU peoples, all of YOU;* pay at*Isa 1:1
    tention,
    0 earth and what fills you,k and let the
    E
    f
    :
    :6ix
    Lord JehovahC serve against YOU as a witness,n
    #Ps 43:1
    Jehovahd from his holy temple.'
    For, look!
    kPs 24:l
    rips 50:7
    Jehovah
    is
    going
    forth
    from
    his
    place,s
    and he
    -Ma1 3:5
    rPs 11:4
    will certainly come down and tread upon earth's
    Hab 2:20
    sIsa 26:21 high p1aces.t And the mountains must melt
    under him,u and t h e low plains themselves will
    Hab 3:J9 split apart,V like wax because of the fire,^ like
    UPS n~
    y2~e
    vzec14:4
    3.10 waters being poured down a steep place,
    5 "It is because of the transgression of Jamb0
    that there is all this, even because of the sins of
    7s
    $3; the house of 1srael.Z What is the transgression of
    *1Ki13:3a Jacob? Is it not Sa.marJi.a?*And what are the
    R o 7.1
    PZKi 16:s high pIacese of Judah ?" Are they not Jerusalem?
    U n d I shall certainly make Sa.mar'i.a a heap of
    of the field,*the planting places of a vineA&yJ;bEruins
    yard; and I will pour down into the v d e y her
    OLak1
    stones, and her foundations I shall lay bare.O
    Eze 13:14
    ~t 24:z
    And her graven images will all be crushed to
    IYa
    ":'

    ,z,"&O

    ,E&:

    i
    II

    Called 1Ii.caiPahby M ill Jeremiah 26: 18,this nslne meaning

    God.'q6ee Genesis 5: 22, footnote a; 1 Samuel. 4 : 13, 17, 18, footnote n. "God." N, .El.o.bim'; LXX, Iga X7le..osP;VgT, "Jeho~nh";
    Sp, "Jehovah God." ti "Roul." I f , meph'ed; LXX, psy.ckbf; Vg,
    r a ' t i . ~ , Or, "my Life," M. ;I.' "A mere growth of a night.'' Or,
    "just a night old." Literally, 'i
    mere so11 of a night," M. g Literally,
    "helve myriads," AT. h i'31en?' 31, a,dm.d.

    HOI:I
    4lKi 1S:l
    2Ch

    ""

    The word of Jehovah that occurred to


    .Jerx:ls
    c2Ki 155
    Mi'caha* of Motresheth,b in the days of
    I C 3
    ~ :u
    ~ 2 ~ 1 1 6 : 2Jo'thaqn Arhaz,*Hez.e.kirah,O kings of Judah,'
    Isn 7:1

    !
    I

    "Who is like Jah?" LhX, Xi.bAcai'as; T-g, 3fi.chae'as. 01;


    cah the Jfo.1.sshrtite.'> "The Lord Jeharah:' See Genesi3 15:2,
    footnokes e, f. d "Jehovah;' 11 H e l ~ r emanuscripts
    ~
    and LdLYT'gSyT; "the Lord1' (A.iZo.+toy'),31. This is one of the 134 passages
    whew the Jewish Sopherim claim thxt they changed the plirniti5.e
    Hebrew text to reail A.do.nayf instead of Tcl~o.t~ah', "The high
    places," 11Vg; Yhe ~iu,') Sg; "the sin of the house," LXX.
    3M

    pieces," andl all the gifts [made] to her as her


    hire will be burned in the fire;@and all her idols
    I shall make a desolate waste. For from t h e
    things given as the hire of a prostitute she col23:18
    lected [them], and to the thing given as the xI)e
    Isa 2317
    *
    h
    a
    36:9
    hire of a prostitute they will return.""
    Jer 419
    Jer
    8 On this account I will wail and howl;" I Jer 9:1
    9:10
    2:25
    will walk barefoot and nakeda0kI shall make a OGe
    lcIsa 203
    waillng like the jackals, and a mourning like
    9a:m
    female ostriches.an *For the sfmkeb upon her nJob
    Isa 3:13
    rIsa
    1:5
    is unhealableir for it has come as far as Judah,s Jer 1318
    J8:13
    [the] plague as far as the gate of my people, sZR1
    Isa 8:s
    E2Ch 32:2
    as far as Jerusa1em.t
    Isa 10:32
    I 0 "In Gath do not YOU men tell [it] out; posi21:16
    tively do not weep.Ou In the house of Aph'rah roIl OGe
    u2Sa 1:ZO
    vJer
    yourself about in the very dust.v I1 Make your Ete 65%
    27:31)
    way across,Y 0 inhabitress of Sha"hir, in shame- yJer 48:6
    zIsa
    47:3
    ful nudity." The inhabitress of Za'asan has not Jer 13:26
    gone forth. The wailing of Beth-eke1 will take Eze 16:X
    from YOU people [its] standing pIace. lZ For the
    90:26
    inhabitress of Maprothhas waited for goad,' but *Job
    Isa Sk9
    what is bad has come down from Jehovah t o the Ser 8:15
    4547
    gate of Jerusalem." '"Attach
    the chariot to the UIsa
    A m 3:6
    2 K I 18:24
    team of horses! 0 inhabitress of La'chi~k.~
    The AbJos
    15:39
    beginning of sin was what she was t o the daugh- 2Bi 18:14
    Isa 3 7 3
    ter of Zion," for in youCthe transgressions of +IK1 14:16
    2:2U
    Israel have been found." lqherefore youC will Re
    Re 1S:5
    e2x1
    16:3
    give parting gifts to Morresh.eth-gath." The Jer 3:s
    x2Iii
    15:19
    houses of Ach'zib* were as something deceitful *Jos 15:44
    t o the kings of Israd. l T h e dispossesso~~
    I shall
    yet bring t o you," O inhabitress of Ma.rershah."
    As far as A.dul'larn=the glary of Ismel will come.
    l8
    Cause baldness, and shear [your hair] off on
    *"Female ostriches." Litorally, 'idanghter-s of an ostrich," H.
    bUStroke," LXXVgSy; %strokes," M, c'Pou." In the singulmnnnmber, feminine gender, d Or, "The one taking possession.'"

    account of your sons of exquisite delight.#Broad*$5a,


    ; ; :7"
    OHab l:g en out your baldness like [that of ] the eaglelobefgJsa
    &?4:397 cause they have gone away from you into exile."t
    "Woe to those who are scheming what is
    harmful, and to those practicing what is
    bad, upon their beds!u By the fight of the morn-

    zu 2 2 ~ 2

    ing they proceed to do it,v because it is in the


    THO7:6
    ML 2;:l power of their hand.y h d t h e y have desired
    Ac 239.2
    yGe 3 1 : ~fields and have
    seizures;~lsohouses, and
    Pr 3.27
    have taken [them] ; and they have defrauded
    J O i9:10
    ~

    made

    abIe-bodied
    mana and his household," a manb
    8212$an
    j1
    i
    *:","T

    %,8:, and his hereditary p s s e s s i ~ n . ~

    3 "Therefore this is what Jehovah has said,


    'Here 1 am thinking up against this familp a
    Am 3 9
    calamity4 from which You people will not reOJor 18:11
    Jas 2:13 move YOUR necks,+so that YOU will not wdk
    +Jer 27T2
    A m z : ~haughtily;@because it is a time of calamity.*
    eIsa 2:11
    In that day one will raise up concerning YOU
    na 5 2 0
    people a proverbial s8yinp and will certainly
    lament a lamentation, even a 1amentation.k
    J,3",$:;
    One
    to say: "We have positiveIy been
    h:i:10 ~ will have
    ~ E 6Q , despoiled!n
    The
    very portion of my peopIe he
    Jcr 25:9
    ze l a alters.'Hm he removes [it] from me! To the
    '"ls
    unfaithful one he apportions out our own fields.''
    Therefore you will come to have no one cast,
    ,
    :
    ,
    ,
    CMt 16:18 ing out the cord, by lot,S in the congregationco
    tDem2
    of Jehovahmt Do not YOU people Iet [words]
    UAC 4:17 dr0p.U They let [words] drop. They will not let
    [words] drop concernhg these [things]. Hul;","FEgmiliations will not move awayVv
    7 '' '1s it being said, 0 house of Jacob:y "Has
    Y
    4
    the spiritd of Jehovah become discontented, o r
    a 'An able-bodied man? M,geb'e~..b "A man." 31,BS. C "Congregei;ion.'VnI, qn.kratt; LXX, eel.lrle=si'cs ("ecclesia"). See Deuteronomy 4: 16, foolnotes a, e. "'Spitit.Ip X, ric'ahla. See Genesis 5 ; 2,

    ~~~~~

    footnote d.

    MICAH 2:8-13

    3 10

    are these his dealing^?"^ Do not my own wards do =,n,B,

    good* in the case of the one walking ~ p r l g h t l y;?:* ~ g;;


    8 " 'And yesterday m y own people proceeded &r,'5:i16
    to ~iseup as an outright memy.&From the ,y:ak;2r
    front of a garmew YOU strip off the majestic DGC it23
    ornament, from the ones passing by confident1y,
    [likej those returning from war. The women +meltl:14
    of my people YOU drive out from the house in '?ge&%
    which a womana has exquisite delight. From off ,J,",9 g.:133
    her children YOU take my splendor; to time in- ;2;5.;1;
    definite." lo G m up and go,' because this is not k;;:;$s
    J I ' F:+a
    a resting place." Eecause of the fact that she ndrr
    9.19
    has become tmdean,k there Is a wrecking; and n6mr
    ir1.18
    [the] wrecking work is painful." lL If a man,";,",'$?$
    walking by windc and falsehod, has told the $&!j:':
    lie:' "I shall let [words] drop to you concern- f:,",y;:3
    ing wineC and concerning intoxicating liquor," Oxec 10:T
    he also will certainly become the one letting
    taTh a:11
    [words] drop for this peop1e.t
    12 " '1 shall positively gather Jacob, all of
    I shall without fail collect t h e remaining
    i!;;'
    onesd of Israel togethey,' In unity I shall set vJrras:a
    them, like a flock in the pen,@like a drove in the
    midst of its pasture;Y they will be noisy bec~useyE,f$$:$
    a I 9 fi M:W
    of
    %cc R:?:,
    13 "The one making a break-through will
    certainly come up before them:' they will actually break through. And they will pass *$;$!;,
    Gzlo
    through a gate, and they will go out by i t o And
    their king will pass through before them, with
    K:$
    Jehovah at the head of tbenz'IA
    zec
    zthc?:I
    lfl:5I

    19%

    "lqn

    ''A aomtrti?' Literally, "she," bf. "PI rnnn." 31, h h a '"Wind.'' ,


    !I
    ru'a71k. See G e n h 1: 2, footnote d. Or, "the remnnnt." '"Flock
    h the Pen," R;c a change of rowel pointing in AT; literally, "flock
    of Boe rrrh," 31. f'L31en." M, t-~drrm'.

    And 1 proceeded t o say: "Wear, please, YOU


    heads of Jacoh and YOU commanders of the
    house of Israel.$ Is it not W R
    business t o know
    justice?' Tau haters of what is good" and lovers of badness,*tearing off their skin from people and their organism from ofT their bones;*
    ' YOU Ihe one8 who have also eaten" the organIsm of my p p l c , a and have strippecl their very
    skin from oi'i:thcm, and smashed to pieces their
    vcrhy bones, and crushed [them] to pieces like
    what is in a widemouthed pot and like flesh in
    the midst of a cooking p~t,'" At that t h e they
    wlll cr~llto Jehovah for aid, but he wjlI not
    t~nswrt*f hrm.1' And he will conceal his face from
    thcm in thnt lime," according as they committed badness in their dea1ings.t
    5 "T'his3s what Jehovah has said against the
    prophets that are causing my people to wander,l1I that are biting with their teethv and that
    actually call out, 'PcacelYcythat, when anyone
    does not put [something] into their mouths,
    nlsa actually sanctify war gain st him,' 'Therefore vorJmcn will have night,*so that there will
    hrl no vision;" and dnrkness you will have, so as
    not to practice djvination. And the sun will wrtainly set upon the prophets, and the day will
    Ret actually dark upon thernvA A n d the seers4
    mill have to be asharnd,' and the diviners9 will
    certainly be disappointed.' And they tvill have
    to cover over the mustache," all of them, for
    there is no answer from Gad.' "bk
    8 And, on the other hand, I myself have become full of power, with the spiritc of Jehovah,
    and of justice and mightiness," in orcler to t e l l

    58:l
    to Jacob his transgression and to IsraeI his sin.' rfse
    Mt 3:7
    Ac
    7
    :51
    9 Hear, please, this, YOU head ones of the
    house of Jacob and YOU commanders of the
    house of I ~ r a e lthe
    , ~ ones t r e a ~ justice
    g
    as de- s M c 3:1
    testable and the ones who make even every- t h %:I5
    t>e n:i9
    thing that is straight crooked;t lo building Zion Jer
    5:B
    with acts of bloodsheda and Jerusalem with un- oZec 8 2 1
    5:25
    righteo~sness.~
    llHer o m head ones judge0 OMt
    uJer 22:13
    Hab
    29merely for a.
    g-a-heeOwn-priestsp~g- Mt m:23
    2:7
    s t r y c t just for - m s , y qnd her own prophets.pr?c- PiVal
    vlSa 8:3
    dce. dj&ih&on s i ~ ~ l y ~ ! m & n_yet
    e ~upon
    ; ~ Isa 1:23
    Eze 22:la
    Jehoyah they. ke_ep-.supportjng_th~mse2~es,
    say- yJer 623
    Tit 131
    ipg: ''Isgot Jehovah-in the midst of.ta_s?*
    There eIsa
    56:lL
    Ac 8:16
    ~JlLcoine-uponnus.90 calami@.i'f: la Therefore 2Pe 2:3
    48.2
    on account of YOU men Zion will be plowed up *Isa
    Jcr 7:4
    Ro
    217
    as a mere field, and Jerusalem herself will be- o m 9:lQ
    F s 78:l
    come mere heaps of ruins: and the mountain of AJer
    2r5:18
    the house wilI be as the high places of a forest. M t 242
    And it must occur in the final part of t h e
    daysP [that] the mountain* of the house of Pg;$%+
    Jehovah will become firmly established above +J,S,;;;
    the top of the mountains, and it wilI certainly ,,sa a:z
    be Iifted up above the hills;" and l o it peoples
    must stream," And many nations will certainly "a;gRG&33 15:4
    go and say: "Come, YOU people, and Iet us go *Isacr 2:3
    315
    up t o t h e mountain of Jehovah and to the house
    Ep
    of the Godb of Jacob;' and he will instruct us
    about his ways,"lc and we will walkc in his;~$;r~133;l
    paths.jJnFor out of Zion la+ will go forth, and j &-! pi13
    the word of Jehovah out of 3erusalern.r And - rPs 50:2
    1lo.a
    he will certainly render judgment among many PS
    Isa 51:4
    peoples,s and set matters straight respecting a+:f$!t
    mighty nations far away.' And they will have
    t o beat their swords into plowshares and their "Oe 3:16

    MICAH 4 : L 9
    313
    "Z ~~ C'920
    o " ~ spears into pruning shears.u They will not lift
    up sword, nation against nation, neither will
    they learn war any momv And they will a m Jm9;7
    Isa 60:17 ally sit,a each oneb under his vine and under
    fig W , Y and there will be no one making
    ~;gi;;,:1; his
    [them]
    tremble;" for the very mouth of Jeho2;,:2"3"4?j5
    ]:ae 39:26 vahc of armiesd has spoken [it].*
    * l s ; ~40:5
    5 For all the peoples, for their part, wiIl walk
    193. SE:I~
    each one in the name of its god;@but we, for
    i:';,T:,29
    our part, shall walk in the name of Jehovah our
    *a@17.1 God" to time indefinite, even forever.sb

    3 $4~

    OI.:X ,P:IR
    I ' Y OH I 4

    t h ~ was
    t dispersed I will collect together," even
    her whom I have treated badly. And I shall
    certainly make her that was Iimping a rem:;)!2
    ,
    w r ~ ~ 4 1 u : 2 nant,"
    1
    and her that was removed far off a
    l z c l 9:LV
    mighty nation;# and Jehovah will actually rule
    1 I
    *I.;n liO.22
    mrJs4 s : ~ as king over them in Mount Zion, from now on
    1'3 Frl.9
    and into time indefinite."
    ,,",:lo
    k v1114
    8 "And as for you,h 0 towe9 of the drove,l
    n2Sn 5:7
    I,;, lo:aa the rnoundj of the daughter of Zion," as far as
    to youh it will come, yes, t h e firstk dominion
    db21.
    qrp
    will certainly come,r the kingdom0 belonging to
    A 7 . t ' ~9:9
    the daughter of Jerusalem."
    ,1011 12:15
    9 "NOW why is it that you1 keep shouting
    tJcr
    Is there na king in you," or has your
    ,c ' l ~ 1x14
    own counselor perished: so that pangs like
    a41sit

    ,,

    lF$,C

    "

    Or, "'go,"

    5fi:~

    Or, 'Cclwell."

    b '%ach one." If, iah. C "JIonth of Jehovah." See


    hllpcndix, page 422. d"Jehovah of armies," MVgT; (Vehovah ali~~ighty,"L X X . e Or, "gods!' M, el.o.hifiar; Vg, de'168; Sy, a.ia'ha.
    "God." N, El.o.himf; L X X , TPhe.08'; Tg, De'z~s, g Or, 'Yoxe~er
    and ever!' See Exodus 15 : XS, footnote d, h "You," In the masouline
    grnder, singular number. Or,"of E'der.'> Compare Genesis 35 : 21.
    where "the tower of Ever [the dro~e],*occurs. 1 Or, ~ ~ a c r o ~ o l i s ?
    M, 'O'pkel. Compare 2 Engs 5 : 24, footnote d. k Or, "former."
    "Yon,'' h the feminine gender, singdar number.
    f

    ,~~~~~

    Oq "silver," '(God?' M, EEl.o.him'.

    2':;Ir,*Jz:la
    :i'lfF

    6 "In that day," is the utterance of Jehovah,


    "'I wlll ath her her that was limping;' and her

    '

    those of a wornan giving birth have grabbed


    hold of you?aY Be in severe pains and burst: v f g
    forth, 0 daughter of Zion, like a woman giving l ' r h 6.3
    birth,^ for now you will go forth from a town, .YWO 1 . 3 : ~
    and you will have to reside in the fie1dqxAnd ZHo2:14
    you will have to come as far as to Babyl~n.~,'
    'Ek %g
    There you \till be delivered.=There Jehovah WIEI =
    :; ?;I3
    buy you back out of the palm of your enemies." L;;;kl,;;G&O
    11 "'d
    now there will certainly be gathered Jvr
    against you many nations, those who are saying, 'Let her be polluted, and may our eyes look
    upon Zion.': 12But as for them, they have not b$ 3 5
    come to know the thoughts of Jehovah, and
    they have not come t o under&and his counsel;+ '?&%:"XI
    because he will certainly collect them together Ro ~ 3 3
    like a row of newly cut grain to the threshing

    .14ltl

    .~111

    11.

    r LU
    b a s:1?
    21!10
    fl00~.~
    13 "Get up and thresh, O daughter of Zi~n;"~~;;?&
    for your horn I shall change into iron,' and your z;;Ed;2;3

    z;;;~,

    hoofs I &a11 change into copper, and you will


    /
    certainly pulverize many peoples;' and by a ban 2 ~ Rn , ~ I
    you will actuaIly devote to Jehovah theIr un- ~2~~cz?~:f
    just
    and their resources t o the [ true11 ,?:; ,;I!
    C.XT:LI .I.G
    Lordc of the whole earth."'3n
    sr
    2r :a
    l".i:l
    "At this time you make cuttings upon your- "ICI
    7, N 111 .I3
    self,' 0 daughter of an invasion; a siege he
    $::;$
    has laid against US.^ With the rod they wlt1 2;;!!!fg
    37% ~ (1i
    strike upon the cheek the judge of IsraeF.at
    1.u 2.4
    2 1
    2 "And youse O Bethle-hemQ Eph'ra.thah,u
    the one tco little to get to be among the thou- '?)t'
    2 11
    sands of J ~ d a hfrom
    , ~ youe?there will come out yLu
    oh i:42
    I

    LJTon."In the fembine ~entler,aingulnr nnrnhci.. b '43nl>y


    LX-T:T-g ; 'LBn'hd:'"H8 yT. "The [ h i e ] hrd.'' EI, Bn-:l.r76rrr;
    L I T . IEO K!l%ri.os; Tc, Do'mi.rrlrs; Sy, .Tfnrm. 'Kill1 liiir vwye
    chapter 4 enrls in 3fLI9%11lfsSp, hlt cl~npter5 begins in I,XS1>TgT. "Tau."' In thc masculine gender, s i n g u l ~n~rinhr,
    ~
    in bf.

    to me the one who is t o become ruler in Israel,.


    whose orlgina is from early times, from the days
    of time indefinite.*
    1 1
    I W 1:17
    fi.m
    3 "Theref ore he will give them upn until the
    time
    she who is giving birth actually gives
    ;;;;,li!;re birth.'that
    w 5 r ta . 7
    And
    the rest of his brothers will return
    11,. 1 2 2
    to the sons of Israel.
    4 $'And he will certainly stand and do shep
    P l a n 4D'n
    n the
    3.i:n heiding in the strength of J3ehovaht0 i
    superiority
    of
    the
    name
    of
    Jehovah
    his
    God.'
    .i';;';,:!II,:u
    they will certainly keep dwelling,' for now
    ep;-1.r;:i;:7:xl:n And
    h~
    wIll
    be rea at as far as the ends of the earth.="
    * I ' r 7.' H
    1.1, I
    "
    And
    this onr must become peace.' As for the
    1110 I I in
    AS.STJ~+'~.II~I,
    when h c cnmes into our land and
    I
    ,
    1:11 3 14
    when he irefitis rqmn our dwelling towers,dkme
    I ,,I
    ':'
    shnll nlae I ~ n v eto raise up against him seven
    0:3R
    shppherds~yes, eight dukes of mankhd.8 And

    uF,$$a
    nl I
    t O u I :IP
    :

    "'"

    MICAH 5 :3-8

    315

    '

    11:~1~#~
    Nlk

    :'

    l l ; lrl:$)
    ~ ~

    1
    :
    14:25

    tl I

    tTrn l0:fl

    1 1 1 1

    Y/,j,l'$;:s
    ~ I -~
    L I ~'1 I."+
    6 ~

    :1

    W . I * . ~ 1.1 a2
    matic 5:;

    --

    thcy will R C ~ U A shepherd


    T~~
    the land of As.syrJi-a
    with the sword,Il ~ n the
    d land of Nim'rodr in its
    entrances. And he will certainly bring about delivcrnnce from the As.syr'i.an,Wwhen he comes
    into our land and when he treads upon our
    tcm1tory.t
    7 "Aud the remnining onest of Jacobu must
    become in themiclst of many peoples like dew
    from Jehavah,v like copious showers upon vegethat does not hope f o r mans or wait
    :tation,~
    ' ' ~
    for the sons of earthling man. h2 $ And the remaining onesf of Jacob" must become among
    the nations, in the midst of many peoples, like
    a lion among the beasts of a forest, like a maned

    a "0ii~in." (Bran-Drir-~~-Brig@
    ; ICwhEer-Barn-~;

    ken-

    '

    irrr) ; L X I , p.r'~.dol; T'R, *.grr.ctwa. ""t'torl." Jr, El.o.J&iri,n'. &,


    "lnn,L" hI, nrtpu. d OF,posril~iy,*'oarsoil (gloand)," in agreement
    with I,;IXSy. a Or, "inm.'"Rf, cdnm'. 01;"the main*;
    the
    r t ~ t ~ i ~ ~K ~LqI\I~n.''
    n t . ~ ' h1, &!I, h "Earthling man.'31, n.dunt
    f

    young lion among droves of sheep, tvhich, when


    ft actually passes through, certainly both trampEes dawn and tears in pieces;" and there is no
    deliverer." O You* hand will be higl-I above your
    adveixaries,FEand all enemies of yoursa urill. be
    C L Roff.''~

    Ob l a

    hEdEi\
    ~~;~;~Isa 26.11

    *L\II r m n

    10 "And it must o a r s In that day," is the


    utter~nceof Jehovah, "that I will cut off yourR
    homes from the midst of you and destroy your
    chariots.@ And I will cut off the cities of youra $
    ' ; g!iTs
    land ~ n dtear down dl your fortified places"
    ;&
    And I will cut OR sorceries out of your hand, xg+4yf
    and no practicers of magic will you continue to #Jsa a:o
    have." lWnd I win, cut ofl your graven images ysa 8:10
    RP =:I5
    and your piIlars from the midst of you, and you kr,
    FB 17.8
    will no more bow down to the work of your zi!:;y
    ha rids."dnA"'
    I rviIIuproot your sacredo polesbn ",HA $h3
    from the midst of you and annlhi1ate your
    cities. '%And
    in anger and in rage I will execute
    vengeance uwn the nations that have not
    olseyed,"r

    rP8
    2Th1dd:T
    l.:R

    Hear, please, YOU people, what Jehovah is


    say ingmCn
    Get up, conduct a legal case with s3E)T::,8
    1:"
    the mountains, and may the hills hear youra
    vo1ce.t Hear, 0 YOU mountains, the legal case tpBy;:
    3fl:I
    of Jehovah, also YOU durable objecis, YOU foun29
    dations of [the] earth;ufor Jehovah has a legal uPDer 8a2:2a
    case with his people, and It fs with Israel that Jer 3 1 3 7
    vTsa
    Jer 43:26
    28
    he w M ~ argue:V
    3 "0my people,Y what have I done t o you? $;fF31
    And in what way have I tired you out?. Testify ;J',"$j;k
    against me." For I Bmught you up out of the $: j'?iQ
    nniub~r.
    pronoun is in the nrmutii~c gentler, &@ar
    b " X i l r ~ e c l ~oIPR!'
    Or, UA.she'rnl~s."a L.YSn reacls: 4 6 h n ,Iltcn,
    a n nrd Tllc Tfi~rlJehomh [Ii~jtrri.naKy'r i.as] said?'
    3 TI10

    321
    ~

    :z::
    I

    Jrls 2:20

    EUP 9:13

    God?b4

    9 TO the city the very volce of Jehovah calls


    out,@and [the person of] practical wisdom will
    Q L U E : ~ G fear your name.' Hear [the] rod and who it
    Ellh 1.32
    was that designated it,em 0 YOU people. 10Do
    ar;pS:za
    iX4y;;13there yet exist [in] t h e house of a wicked one
    the treasures af wlckedness,%d the scrimped
    !$~%,3$
    L u 1:1,
    mlra ~ : 1 3 e'phah measure that is denounced? I t Can I be
    10:2
    3:10 [morallyJ clean with wicked balances and with
    .Tar; 5 3
    a bag of deceptive stone tveights?" " For her
    own rich men have become full of violence, and
    a Or, 'lthe Acncirt tree^," b "God." 31, m.o.hinat, "S6tllmJ'
    11,
    Lu 10.42
    *I)* 10:12
    21:s
    Lu 11:43

    --

    land of Egypt ,D and from the house of slaves I


    ~
    7
    :
    ~and X proceeded to send before
    you;&
    Ex 13:lS ~edeerned1~
    g~rr
    4:14
    you Moses, Aaronmand Miriamoo ' 0 my people,
    0F;x 15:zO
    m
    u
    22:s
    remember,+ please, what Ba'lak the king of
    hDc 7:s
    Mo'ah counseled: and what Baql~arnQ
    the son
    :sn7:=
    of Be'or answered h i m w a r n Shit'timn' it
    ,
    ,~.~,"Z~j;l was, all the way to Gil'gd,k to the intent that
    JOsW : 9 the righteous acts of Jehovah might be known.'"
    *Krl 23:7
    6 With what shall I confront Jehovah??
    j
    5
    [With
    what] shall I bow myself ta Godh on
    *;,U&
    high?*
    Shall I confront him with whole burnt3
    k los 4:19
    .ioq 3k43 ofTerings,Qwlth calves a year old? Will Jeham-Tq 511
    P < 7 3 : ~ vah be pleased with thousands of rams, with
    RO 3 s
    of thousnnds of torrents of oi!?u Shall I
    7 ~ ~
    q ~ i . tens
    1
    "Oh 6:24
    give
    my
    first-born son for my transmession, the
    OMal 3:fl
    a1.s 95:s
    fruitageo
    of my belly far the sln of my soul?Cv
    E$h 3:14
    He has told you, 0 earthling mm,y what is
    2 1 3 ~-as:=
    1's 51:15
    And what is Jehovah asking back from
    x~~ 40:15
    i62 you but to exercise justice* and to love kindyFtd$pnessda and to be humble in w~llcirmgwith your
    ~

    *Ill-

    .,,,
    ,,:,

    :;",s:'?o

    rsepla'esk; L I X , p~!/.clti;'; Tg, a'ni-ma. Or, "lorinfi-kindnew";


    or, "loyal 10ve.'' fit, hkr$'ad. UIt:.P in the femznia~e ~ a t d c rand
    hence not refer ria^ to 2110 nforementiond rod b~rt,poasil~ly,to the
    jaunishment bg rncnns of' tile rod.

    MICAH 6:13-73

    318

    ing [for something], and the one who Is judging


    her own inhabitants have spoken falsehood,
    [does 901 for the reward,n and the great oner
    and their tongue is Mcky In their mouth,k
    klsa
    Jer S:ZG
    is speaking forth the craving of his soul,&his
    13 "And I also, for my part, shall certainly R0 ':I3
    ;
    ;
    ;
    :
    *3Sn :'R:u.
    very own; and they interweave it, Their best
    make [ y o u ] sick by strikfng you;" there will n&g$i$:
    I :%P 2
    1
    one la like a brier, [their] most upright one is
    be a desolathg [of you], on account of your g;&L
    tTsi1 111.3
    p:se 1 x 3 worse than a thorn h e d g e , T h e day of your
    sIns,r I4You, for your part, will ent and not get rJar 18:16
    watchmen, [of] your being given attention,
    ;:1i%:5'
    satisfled, and yous emptiness will he in the
    2$,:;:, 1'5 1 1 7 H must c0me.t Now will occur t h e confounding of
    midst of youmaa
    And you
    remove [things],
    th@rn.u
    but you will not carry [them] safely away: and,
    J ~ T9 I
    O m "23
    5 Do not put YOUR faitho in a companion. Do
    whatever you would carry away ,safely, I shall tIsa24:1'1
    rJs rs;ia not put YOUR t r u s t in a confidential friend.'
    give to the sword itselfntI5You, for your part, Eief"4:z
    zPr M:11
    Rae 22:7 From her who is lying in your bosom guard the
    1~111sow seed, but you MlE not reap. You, for ~3","~%:%
    mt
    ,,,I Y2n.21
    1 : l s openings of your mouthmy Far rt son is despisyour part, will tread olives, but you will not p
    ; !;
    * ~ ~ ! 1 1 ing
    ~ ~ ~a 4 father; a daughter I s rising up against
    grease yourself with ail; slso sweet wine, but YIICI 16:25
    *Xa'~":A
    her
    mother;"" a daughter-in-law against her
    you tvIll not drink m e , u And the statutes of 2
    ' 22 ::::3'
    CIX 4 1 3
    mother-in-law;*
    a man's enemies are the menb
    ,
    1
    ~
    .
    ~
    ~
    2
    .
    a
    Orn'rlv and all the work of the house of A'hab $,"if:4
    of his hou~ehold.~
    y,!h'lB:ls
    are observed,Y and YOU people walk in their 3:; $z:iB
    3.1:~
    7 But as for me, it I s for Jehovah that I shall
    E l h r i 122
    counseIs;~to the end that I may make you an rF;r4&:21
    keep on the lookout.* E wilI show a waiting attiobject of astonishment and her inhabitants k
    ,;
    something t o be whistled at;* and the reproach ; : ;A tfi
    ,;2
    CF;:$ tude for the Godc of my salvationm0My Godo
    Itrh l1:lo
    will hear me,'
    of peoplesb YOU men will bear,"a
    Orsa 1 7 5
    *I1?* Q;:%-l
    IFa 24: 13
    1 ~ r 2 lfl
    .l
    8 Do not rejoice over me, 0 you woman
    In;: l o
    Too b ~ fd o me,"
    ~
    for I have become like the '2;
    ~VKZ::E
    enemy
    of mine.*AlthoughI havefaIlee, Ishall
    gatherin@ of summertime, like the gleaning c;;,l$,l
    Ly 1 78
    ~ 1 .I s. ~ certainly rise up;' although I dwell in the darkof a grape
    There is no grape cluster p
    ;:T
    Hr,u
    L n 17
    1 IK
    LR ness," Jehovah wiIL he a light t o rnal~*The
    to eat, no early fig, that my souIc wo~tIddesire!' ~ P l:ls
    Isa 5 8 5
    l
    .
    ~
    ~
    ;
    P
    ~ ,raging
    ~ : [ ~ of Jehovah I shall bcar-for I have
    ' The man of loving-kindness" has perished Rn3:IS
    sinned
    against himn-until he conducts my legal
    ;:::oa;!
    from the earth," and among mankindf there is '&p5%"
    ~ 1 %
    case
    and
    actually executes justice for me.p 1 3 will
    ~
    no upright one.e All of them, for bloodshed they ,Eb435 1IC.m .l:!i
    I : bring me forth to the Ifght; J shall look upon his
    i I % n4 ' i 5
    lie in wnft." They hunt, everyone his own broth- J,e,%::5:,
    ~ ~ 1 3 . 5 righte(3~mess.~~~Plndrny
    enemy willsee, and
    e r , O with a dragnet." "Their 1 hands are upon CEag 2:22
    I:<* 17.1
    shame
    will
    cover
    her,'
    who
    war; saying to me:
    t
    l
    ~
    l
    .
    %
    4
    2
    3
    what is bad, to do [it] we1l;k the prince7 is ask- EGe12:1s
    [ h k 3 15
    > I : 2i la "Where is 'fie, Jehovah your God?"cU My own
    a Eh., I)!: n correction. "and there nil1 mint no I ) I ) W P ~ in the midst of
    F ~ ; ; , " ~ : & 4 ~ eyes will Iook upon her.v Now she wfll become

    ,.;:;

    ~ 7 1 1 1

    *J'S

    J;;

    wu." b *'Of proples," L I I : "of rnv pmpltt," 3TT'gSyll. t ':Soul."


    31, grt-pk'~nh; L * U , pe!/.c6r''; VK,d,ri.mn, d Or, "'lllc! nlnn of lognl
    Irrva.'* hf, Irku.8idr, Or, "land.)' M, ~ r ' e t s ,1 Or, ' ' e ~ ~ t l l l i nmen?'
    g

    3r,

    flm<71t11>',

    M, nepktsaR; L X , payacRd'; Tg, o'ndma. b 'LMen." M,


    nn~ir'.~klwap;
    the plural number of ieli, which in enrlior rendered <'a
    111anW7 ia this ~lontenoe.*"God." M, EE.o.l~ln~'.
    n "f(oul,"

    MICAH 7 :11-19

    320

    And you will throw Into the depths of [the]

    of trampling, like the mire of streets.Y y$,4:2ids


    11 T h e day for building yourk stone w ~ l l sat
    ,
    that day [the] decreeb wilI be far away." la At nn 2:17
    0:os
    that day even:all the way to you t h e y will come

    .7179.12
    ri.20 all thejra sins,n

    a place

    2:n

    ":! 17

    II
    from As-syr'i.a and the cities of Egypt,d and
    from Egypt wen all t h e way to [the] river; and .XsaIl:XB
    from sea to sea, and [from ] mountain to the ;yyst
    mountain." " h d the land must hecome a deso- r L e 2 6 : ; ~
    late waste on account of its inhabitants, &cause ?$
    :?:;& 1 I
    of the fruit of their deallngsao
    lkft
    il
    ~
    14 Shepherd yo@ p p l e with your staff: aJshaO: :7lo:=
    0
    the flock of your inheritance, the one who was;!::+
    residing alone in a forest-in the midst of an
    orchard.' Let them feed on Ba'shan and Gilte1;,:;;:,;,lqlI~3 IL
    ad* as in the days of a long time ago,"
    ,Icr 11.7
    15 "Asin the days of your corning forth from
    the land of Egypt I shall show him wonderful 12;~i~j:~t.(;;;:
    things."' Nations will see and become ashamed ICJ;~I?~:\;;
    I + f l ,>,.
    because of all their mightiness." They will put n12, ?:,!I
    [their] hand upon [their] rnouthik their very ,::i'?4'.?i3
    (
    ears will become deaf. They will lick up dust
    "'I
    like the serpents;On like reptiles of [the] earth
    they will come in agitation out of their buE- tv;:j$;jk
    warks.' To Jehovah our Godf they \!ill come I/$;!;$AR
    trembling, and they will be afraid of you,"C* :zT315a
    18 Who is a God* like you,t one pardoning g>;;;$fi;o
    error and passing aver transgressionJu of the r.rrmr
    .Jr?l> 2
    3. 3: ~
    remnant of his inheritance?' He will certainly E; ?:;qT
    not hold onto his anger forever, for he is de- I ' ~ , u I,'! 9
    lighting in loving-kindness.h' lUHe will again &'$,?i
    show us mercy;"z he will subject our errors.' $f;?:",;

    -K,{:zil,
    --

    2o

    sea

    You will give trueness belong-

    ing t o Jacob, loving-HndnessbP beIonghg to


    which you swore t o our forefathers
    from the days of long ago?

    a "'t'll~ir;

    RI ; lt~nr,'GSXT'~TSy;441m~l's,"
    T. b Or, i l g a l love."

    If, Irhra ~ d ,

    ..P

    :(>:

    *$,:;a

    The pronoun is in t h e feminine wnder, singnl~rnuulhrr, 01;

    "precriheil l i m W "They." L-IIn"; "he," 01; *onr,'qIVpSy.


    pad~r,
    31. Na.ko#. The pronoun is in thc rnnec~~linc
    singnlar nu~nher.j "God!' 31, El.o.bim'. "l :nil."' JZ, El; ?,SX,
    Tre~.os'; T'g?De'rts. Or, "loyal low." 31, I~lr~a'ed.

    d *'Egpt."

    *grin a:4

    I;ra 2.13

    pronouncement against Nin'e.veh:* The


    book of
    vision of
    1:The
    the

    Na'humAthe El'kosh-

    11f! IJ
    nrr ma

    2 ;Ichovah la n Godc exacting exclusive dew-

    1 I,, ,I 2.1
    ,,,
    ,,,:cL,::13 tionn n t l c l tnkjng

    vengeance; Jehovah is taking

    vrngcance nntl is disposed to rage."" Jehovah is


    tnlcing vengeance against his adversaries,3O and
    ;
    :
    I#>#I
    r l r l : ~ 8 he js resentful towfird his enemies:
    * I i l l x:-5
    :!Iv. n
    3 Jehovah is slow to anger and great in
    I I
    pdl:
    ' I I power,' and by no means will Jehovah h d d back

    I;&

    1; 11)
    I1.y 31.7
    I 111 (I:II
    1::111!

    AtI\

    .I 3

    from punishing."
    In destructive ~vlncland In stol'm is his way,

    the cloud mass is the powder of his feet.#


    XTr! IR
    rrbukdng the sea,'' and he clries it up;
    and rill t h c rivctts he ~ctuallymakes run dry."
    ''i!l;';,;'~:/'
    "::''I
    Dn'shan and Car'mel have withered, and the
    11,Irw ?:16
    1 : !
    very
    blossom of Leb'a-nonhas withered."
    1
    .\i:o
    Am I 2
    5 Mountains themselves have quaked because
    of him, and the very hills found themselves
    me1ting.#
    "??fi?6'
    i'.I ?I:"r
    And the earth wil1 be upheaved because of his
    I
    I
    l:zs
    - -.I.:,

    i~rm~nand

    , I ~ I I ;in!
    I t

    :,

    ' ~ ~ 1 1

    ,,,I

    UComPort; Comforter," b "Tba El'koshite." Or, "of


    Ifl'lcu.;h." Tbc ~ i t rof El'kosh is unknown; in the territcq of the
    trbllrb of Sirneon, nccording to Epipbnnius ('.concerning the Eves
    rh' ihe Propl~etk'); in Gnlileo, nccorrli~~g
    to Jerome. "God." X,
    LXX, IThp.08'; l'g, L)e"ws. d '+nispased t o rage!' Literally,
    ''n rnn8t.e~(lord, BaNal) of rw," 31.
    a ?llrvinin6

    323
    face; the productive land* also, and all those
    dwelling in it.t
    6 In the face of his denunciation who can
    stand?U And who can rise up against t h e heat
    of his angerav
    His own rage will certainly be poured out like
    fire,y and the very rocksbwill actually be pulled
    down because of him,
    zPs 25:8
    7 Jehovah is good," a stronghold" in the day PMts 136:l
    19:17
    *Ps18:s
    of distress."
    Isa 25:4
    And he is cognizant of those seeking refuge u p s 50:15
    Ps 88:7
    in him."
    A P F 1 .R
    21'1-2719
    8 And by the flood that is passing along he will OI,, 2 ~ 1 7
    13:13
    make an outright extermination of her" place,O Daze9:26
    and darkness0 will pursue his very enemies.' g
    :; i;;:
    9 What will You men think up against Jeha- g:i +:iba
    vah ?e He is causing arm outright extermination.
    ~;~,,
    Isa 8:lo
    Distress will not rise up a second time.
    Ac 4%
    10 Although they are being interwoven even
    .
    as thorns and they are drunken as with their
    wheat beer,d"they wilI certainly be devoured "g;::
    ~ M l11
    ~ I
    like stubble fully dryae#
    <

    "The protluctivo land." 31, ts.b~k'; LXX, "the a hole [earth]";

    Vg,orbis ("thc Ltenestrial] eirdet'), "Rocks." 31,tsa.rinn'; LXS,


    pe'trad; Vg, pe'tras; By, ~w'TS. "Her"; that is, of the city Xin'eveh. W O litheir liquor." ,kccording to some, most of the first
    ohapkr of h-ahurn's prophecy k a poem, the lines of n-hich begin
    with the different letters of the Hebrew a l p h ~ h e tin their proper
    oyder. The poem ia not complete; it goes o n l ~as far as versc 8
    or verse 10 and tht~scovers over half of the alphabet. R. E t t e l ' a
    Hebrew text begins the poem in tlarss 2, with a larger, heavier letter a l e p h ( K ) , but the second h e of which rerse begins r i t h nu
    enlarged letterr nzm ( 3 ) . The h t Line o f terse 3 begins with the
    dbine name or tetragrammaton, and the second line of this verse
    with an enlarged beth ( 2 ) . Ths succeeding twelve lines, down t o
    the end of verse 10, have the initial letters in alphabetio order,
    with ms-rn (m), however, ahead of lamed (?I, and nun ( 2 ) missing
    because of already ~ppearingin Terse 2.

    NAHUM 1:16-2 :2

    11 Out of youa there will actually go forth


    one who is thinking up against Jehovah what is
    z,Cah1,9%1"badlkcounseling what is not worth-whiIeabn
    20:1
    12 This is what Jehovah has said : "Although
    they were in complete form and there were many

    thus, even in that state they must be cut down;'


    ''?,K,'&?jP
    Ism ~ ' ~ 3 6

    and one must pass through. And I shall certainly


    afflict you,& so that I shall not diet youa any
    m0re.a l3 And now I shall break his carrying bar
    Joe 2:19 from upon you,"t and the bands upon you I shall
    tIsa 9:4
    rsa 1 4 ~ 2 5 tear in two.U l4 And concerning youC Jehovah
    UPS 101.14
    VPS 109113 has commanded, 'Nothing of yourc name will be
    Fay!$, sown any more.v Out of the house of youP
    031t 6%
    godsdo I shall cut off carved image and molten
    3,E
    ' ,xgA3 statue." I shall make a burial pllace for you,"
    because you have been of no a c c o ~ n t . ' ~
    ZI,&l&
    *Isa 5 2 : ~
    15 ''Look! Upon the mountains the feet of
    LU 2 10
    RO h i 5 one bringing good news,f one making peace to
    We 16:16 be heard.' 0 Judah, celebrate your festivals.'
    N~ 1U;33
    GGe 25'20
    your
    because no more will any
    1 3 6 . ~ Pay
    ~
    52:X
    worthless persong pass again through you.$ In
    $$::::;*>It 25:46 his entirety he will certainly be cut off."h"
    One that does a scattering has come up beafer 49:32
    fore
    youri face.* Let there be a safeguarding
    B~2s:la
    of the fortified place. Watch ithe] way, Strengthen [the] hips. Reinforce power very much."
    "$j,"r9!:3
    3:9
    2 For Jehovah will certainly gather the
    *-?&42!+ pride of Jacob,# like the pride of Israel, be-

    The pronoun is in the femiube gender, singular number, bUWhat


    a

    is not worth-rrhile."' M, b%y.gla'tni; literally, "Reli.al." Thc pronoun ia in the rnnsculine. gender, singular number, d Or, "god."
    JI, eZ.o.hivl'; L X X , thenost; Vg, ~ B ' Z I S . @Withthis veme 14 chapter 1 ends in XSy. f "One bringing goor1 news.)' M, mebns.sev";
    L X X V g , L'evangelizer!' g "Any morthless person." M, Zle&gr.ya''d;
    literally, "Be?i.almM
    W i t h this rerse chapter 1 ends in LXYVgT.
    1 The pronoun i s i
    n the feminine gender, aixrgnlar n w h e f , t o refer
    to NNin%e.veh.

    cause those emptying out have emptied them kGe 4 9 : ~


    out; and the shoots of them they have ruined.k &%f!$f
    CG":l

    3 The shield" of his mighty men is dyed red;


    [his] mena of vital energy are dressed in crimson
    stuff." With the fire of iron [fittings] is the war "ISa 63:2
    I
    chariot in t h e day of his getting ready, and the
    1
    I
    juniper tree [@ears1 have been made t o quiver.
    +$$
    5-1the streets the war chariots keep driving
    They keep rushing up and down in the Hg;e\Pyo
    public squares. Their appearances are like Da fl:40
    torches. Like the lightnings they keep running.
    5 H e will remember his majestic ones.' They tps 136:18
    will stumble in their walking." They will hasten nJer 41x2
    to her walljVand the barricade will have to be vJOe a:7
    firmly established. GThe very gates of the
    riversDwill certainly be opened, and the palace ;ge$::O,
    17:~
    itself will actually be disso1ved.y And it has zRe
    *Isa 2R4
    been fixed; she has been uncovered;" she will. p;gi
    certainly be carried away,' and her slave0 girls oMt 26:69
    will be moaning, like the sound of doves,cbeat- " ~ ; , " ~ j ~ ~
    in& repeatedly upon their hearts. And Nin'e- *Lu 2353
    10:11
    veh, from the days [that] she [has been] was
    like a pool of rvatei7s;+but they are fleeing. +?,"$:?;
    "Stand still, YOU
    Stand still!"+ But there @rsa47:12
    rJer 50:16
    is no one turning back."
    9 Plunder silver, YOU men; plunder gold;" as *g&\%!a
    there is no limit t o the [things in] arrangement. There is a heavy amount of all sorts of
    Re 1 8 : ~
    desirable artic1es.k
    nIsa 24:1
    10 Emptiness and voidness, and [a city] laid
    waste!" And the heart is melting,' and there i s RG::12:" 8 : ~
    291
    a tottering of [the] knees,%d severe pains are rJos
    ps 22:14
    in all
    and as for the faces of a11 of them, 25:5127
    I
    they have collected a glow [of excitement] .u L"J","e2,1:;,3

    rzC

    ,@

    ,, ,:,
    g;

    K''Men."31, m.~~ashhn'.b Literally, '"miper trees," M; as a figure


    of speech for spear shafts. Or, "yoc waters!"

    I1Where is the lair of lions, and the cavea that


    belongs to the maned young lions, where the
    vi,"F&lFi7 lion walked and entered,bv where the lion's
    whelp was, and no one was making [them]
    yIsa31:4
    tremble?Y [The] lion was tearing to pieces
    IPe 5:s
    enough for his whelps, and was strangling for
    his lionesses. And he kept his holes filled with
    prey and his hiding places with animals tom
    to pieces."
    szay;
    13 "Look! I am against you,"c is the utterance of Jehovah of armies,d* "and I wiU bum
    *$z;gi;g
    Eze 5 s
    QJos 11:9 up he)? war chariot in the smoke.=And a sword
    2~i19:23
    PS 4139
    will devour yourCown maned young JionsP And
    A h a 31,s Z VViU cut off from the earth yourc prey, and no
    more wilI the voice of your messengers be
    b2Ki 1817 heard,"$
    21Ci 19:35
    +Eze E2:2
    Woe t o the city of bloodshed." She is all
    ,,,
    full of lying [and] of r ~ b b e r yPrey
    . ~ does
    ~ H 7O9
    not depart! There is the sound of [the] whip,
    and the sound of the rattling of [the] wheel, and
    "jg 5'22
    the dashing horse and the leaping chariot.*a The
    mounted horseman, and the flame of [the]
    *mb 3:11 sword, and the lightning of [the] spear," and
    the multitude of slain ones, and the heavy mass
    we15:n of carcasses;O and there is no end to the dead
    bodies. They keep stumbling among their dead
    kIsa 3736 bOdie~+k
    B e 39:4
    4 Owing t o the abundance of t h e acts of prostitution of the prostitutetn good in charm, a

    ,,,

    ,,,,,:,

    "Care,') by n transposition of two lettern; literally, ''pastme"; or,


    "pmtnrage," N, b L L A n dentered"; or, "in order to enter"; by a
    slight oorrection. Literally, "a lion [1a.bif]," n;T; an Asian l ~ o n .
    The pronoun is in the feminine gender, singular number, to refer
    to the oity of Kinte.veh, ('Jehovah of armies," MIrgT; "Jehovah
    almighty," L a . <'Her," M; "your,') L m g S yT, 4 LiteraXy,
    "bloods," M.

    NAHUM 3:5-13

    327

    326

    mistress of sorceries, she who is enmaring nations by her acts of prostitution and families
    by her sorceries,' "look! I am against you,"nntgtfR7,':
    is the utterance of Jehovah of arrnle~,~
    '"and I uE.4 23
    will uncover your skirts over your face, and I
    rvill cause nations to see your n a k e d n e ~ s ,ancl
    ~ tIsadT:a
    Jer 13'22
    kingdoms your dishonor. And I will throw ;P,&T
    disgusting things upon yourUand I will make uhln12,3
    you despicable;^ and I will set you as a spec- V"'a12:D
    tac1e.Y And it must occur that everyone seeing
    ,e:l&
    you will flee away from youZ and will certainly $;I;2%
    say, 'Ninle.vek has been despoiled! Who will$,$:;:;;
    sympathize with her?" Fmm where shall 1 seek *rkn :lx:19
    1:
    cornfolrters for you?" 'Are you ktter t h ~ nct.nJLT
    2:;
    No-a'mon,' that was sitting by the Nile cam Is?O
    Waters tvere all around her, whose wealth was 0 1 : ~lD:G
    [the] sea, whose wall was from [the] sea.
    E.thi.0'pi.a~was her full might, also Egypt;"* ?$c##8
    and that without limit. Put and the Llb'y.ansA
    themselves proved t o be of help to you.CQl o She, Jpr ed:o
    too, was meant for exile; she went into captiv- ?Tezi"!6'.0
    ity." Her own children also came to be dashed ~+'9,$!:.
    to pieces at the head of all the streets;*and over :;;ji:ii!
    her glorified: rnen hey cast lots,l' and her g r e ~ t;lj;:,;:,?
    ones have all been bound with fetters.11 l 1 Youa nP9 11
    11(3.$
    yourself will dso b e m e drunk;r you will berp;g.
    come something hiddeng You yourself also will .rrr 25:15
    1) 3
    seek a stronghold from [the] enemy.' "All RAlll
    1. r i 21:,m
    youre fortified places are as fig trees with the ,J","rfj:
    first"ipe fruits, which, if they get wiggled, will &;:i:i.j
    ~ 1 1 08:10
    certainIy fall into t h e mouth of an eatcr.u
    1Zc 6:13
    13 "Look! Your people are women in the

    'Jer
    "5
    190
    :1
    :s
    6 midst of

    '
    (
    The pronoun ia in the feminine gender, sing~~lar
    number, to rtrf~r
    t o the oiw of Kin'e.veh. "Jehornh o f ~l.lni<*3,''hIVgT; "Jrhovnh
    10od the Almighty," L a . * "E.thi.afpi.n,'" LXlrifrg; "Cu~h? MSyT.
    "The Lh'g.ans." M,Lzt4in~'.
    MYpT; ''her;19 LLXT.

    NAHUM 3: 14-19

    youqVTO your enemies the gates of


    your land must without f ~ j be
    l opened. Fire mill
    certainly devour your bars.y Water for a siege
    yea$z;16
    .~
    your fortified
    ~ ~ ~ $ draw
    4 3 out for y o ~ r s e I fStrengthen
    *rsa 8:s
    places.'
    G
    e
    t
    Into the mire, and trample down in
    Jer G:3
    Joe 3.9 the day. Grab hold of [the] hrlck mold. '5 Even
    there fire will devour you," A sword will cut you
    off. It wjll devour you like the lamst species,"
    Make yourself b e ~ v yin numbers like the locust
    species;" make yourself heavy in numbers like
    AJ"$e1!i4
    thelocust.~~~A~aYouhavr?multipIjedyourtrad
    Fg;:?:
    men
    more than the stars' of the heavens.pt
    Pz:\;;;o
    xe 8 2 3
    'The
    locust speciesn itself certainly strips off
    JW 35:22
    its skin; then It Ales away. fi Your guardmen
    are like the locust,h and your recn~itingofficers
    +ReJ;I
    They are camping in the
    Like the locust
    stone pens in a cold day. The sun itself has but
    t o shine forth, and away they certainly flee; and
    apg109:23 their place is redly unknown where they are.'
    18 ''Your shepherds h ~ v become
    e
    drowsy,' 0
    "F,"2$6510
    king of As.syr'i.a;-"your majestic ones stay in
    # J ~ I50.18
    szecloi10
    Eze32:22
    kEx 16:16 their residences.lc Your p o p l e have been scatJer 51:30 tered upon the mountains, and there is no one
    nRy6Fg17 mlIecting [them] together," l o There is no relief for your catstrophe. YOUPstroke has beunhea1able.r All those hearing the report
    r$g g;E arme
    ~ r ~ 1 4 : s about you will certainly clap their hands at
    because upon whom was it that your badzep
    Re 18:20
    255
    +;!$ ness did not pass over constantly?"t
    a "Locust specie^.'^ If,{lel'cq; of dispakrl menning. ""Locnst," M,
    rrr.bell; understood to be the rnigrnto~yIwust in I h c fully developed,

    "E,P1zi:g

    ':;;

    winged stnge. "LOCIIR~


    warm,'' AT, go.bni'; collectirely, so cnlled
    l~eosuasof their s~rorming.

    HABAKKUK 1:lO-12

    HABAKKUK"
    The pronouncement that Ha.bak'kuka the

    prophet visioned: * a How Iang, 0 Jehovah, *Na i:1

    must I cry for help, and you do not hear?a [How


    long] shall I call t o you for aid from violence,

    %,1

    Re6:10

    and you do not save ?A Why is it that you make AEryi?9


    see what is h u r t f l , and you keep Imking "u18:7
    upon mere tmubIe? And [why] are rapacity b p s 5 5 ~ 9
    and violence in front of me, and [why] does con- gE $:
    ZPelo:f6
    28
    tention occur, and [why] is strife carried?Q Mt
    GIvIaL
    4:4
    4 Therefore law &raws numb, and justicenever goes forth.' Because the wicked" one is :gf:;$
    surrounding the righteous one, for that reason ;ft

    me

    justice goes forth crooked.e


    5 "See, YOU people, among the

    mpr ~ : 2
    Isa 1:21

    nations, and z ; + z ; g
    look on, and stare i n amazement at one another."
    Ee amazed; for there is an activity that one is A;;;2;2
    carrying onb in YOUR days, [which] you people
    will not put faith0in although it is related.* For zgk ;$:%
    here I am raising up t h e Chal.de8ans,the nation ;yg:&4
    bitter and impetuous, which is going t o the wideopen places of e a f i in order to take possession
    as.49

    .,,

    Jer 5:is
    of residences not beIonging to i t . 1 ~ ' Frightful der
    6:22
    and fear-inspiring it is. From itself its own jus- U;J?";:
    tice and its own dignity go forthn aAnd its Da5:19
    horses have groved swifter than leopards, and '2;
    they have proved fiercer than evening wolves.' BEzpt
    And its steeds have pawed the ground, and from F2
    :3
    :50:9
    far away its own steedseOcome. They fly like the
    ~ 2
    eagle3 speeding to eat [something] .g O In its entirety it comes for mere via1ence.t The assem- ty;r\$g
    a

    Meaning "Embrace"; that is, of love. "One is carrying on," N ;


    L X X B y . G Or, '%orsemen."

    '9 am aarrying on:

    328

    ,(

    of their faces Es as [the] east wind," and


    ug&
    Ezobling
    it gathers up captives just like the sand. And
    lo

    for its part, it derides kings themselves, and high


    are something laughable t o it.r For its
    r$g;$?;p officials
    part,
    it
    laughs
    even a t every fortified place,y and
    PJ":;~
    it piles up dust and captures it. At that time it
    will certainly move onward [like] win@ and
    nIaa 41.6
    Jer s i : wiU
    ~ pass through and w ~ I I actually become guil*2$:5t y , ~This its power is due t o its god.'lO*
    12 Are you not from long ago, 0 Jehovah?'
    O E
    AT$i1;*170 my God,d my Holy One, you do not die.eAO
    a &'As [the] east wind," T and Habakkuk Commentary of the Dead

    Sea Scrolls discovered in 1947; "to the enst," hf; <'as a burning
    n-ind,l9 Gg,b
    31) sutah8; L n , to pnebmm; TTg, spivti.tus.
    "God," 31,eT,oEah; LXX, Ao eks.0~';Vg,de'lts, "God." EI.o.himt.
    Tau do not die? This is d a r e one of the Eighteen Emendations
    of the Sopherim, or tipqzrnei sopherim, ooemed. R.l. reads: "We
    shall not die," Says I+~broductiov~
    t o the Xaasoretico-Caftical Editioa
    of t h e Hebrew Bible, hy C. D. Ginsburg (1897), on page 335 8: '(All
    tho mcient records emphatically shte that thia exhibits the correoted test by the Sopherim and that the o~iginalrending was : 'Art thou
    not from everla~ltingf 0. Lord my God, mine R o l ~ One,
    .
    thou dieat
    not? The p ~ r d e l i s r nplainly shows that thia is the correct readmg.
    The address in both clauses is to t h e Lord who is described in the
    &st clause as being from everlasting and in the seoond clause as
    never dying or enduring for ever. The introduction, therefore, of a
    new subject in the plnrd v i t h the predicate '10s shall not die' thus
    ascribing immortality to the people is contrary t o the soope of the
    paasage. Xot only has the Chaldee preserrd the original reading hy
    pnraph~agingit 'thy word endureth for w e + , but Rashi (1040-1105)
    makakea it the I~asisof his explanation. 'The prophet says rvhy art
    thou silent to all this. Art thou not from everIastilig my Bod, mine
    Holy One, who diest not.' It i s very remarkable t h n t the [English]
    Revised Version [of 18851 which has not notioed any other of the
    alterations of the Sopherirn has the follo~ngnote in the margin on
    this passage: 'according t o an ~ncientJewish trailition thou dkst
    woFb The reason for the slterstion is nol f a r to seek. It was considered offensive t o predioate of the Lord 'tlnmu diest not'. Henae
    ' w e shall not die' was substituted.'"
    T, "your word [msim'ro] will stand [endure] to Emes hdewte."
    Sea Genesig 1 8 : 22, footnote a.

    Jehovah, for a judgment you have set It; and,


    0 Roek,Qfor a reproving you have founded it.*
    13 You are too pure in eyes to see what is +gr1ri:24
    bad; and to look on tmubIe you are not able.' i;:,:':.2z
    Why is it that you Iook on those dealing treach- *;;o~;~,
    erously," that you keep silent when someone *~Icrl%:l
    wicked srr~allowsup someone more righteous
    than he is?* And [why] do y m make earth- ;-;* $;E
    ling man like the fishes of the sea, like creeping 1's
    things owr whom no one is ruling?k All 1hese k Pr fi:T
    he has brought up with a mere fishhook;" he nMt Ipn
    drags them away in his dragnet, and he gathers
    tl~ernin his fishing net.r That is why he rejo3m rg'5%9
    and is joyful." That is why he offers sacrifice ,f;$
    t o his dragnet and makes sacrificial smoke to
    his fishing net; for by them his portion is we11
    oiled, and his f w d is healthful.at l7 Is that why 'k"J:J$
    he will empty out his dragnet, and does he! have
    to kill nations constantly, while he shows no
    uach ~ : 1 7
    cornpassi~n?~
    ZIR 14:17
    ~ 2 %
    1R:S
    At my guard post I will keep standing, and $;;r;l,:g
    I wiIl keep myself stationed upon [the] I.,, s~:n
    bulwark; and I shall keep watch,v t o see what y4(23.1!3
    he will speak b p mey and what I shall reply at
    the reproof of
    *1)E Y 27:R
    17:14
    2 And Jehovah proceeded to answer me and G;!2:5
    to say: "Write d o m [the] vision: and set [it] ONL 1 7 4
    24:12
    out plainly upon tablets:' in order that the one
    OAC
    r3:15
    reading aloud f m it may do so fluently.aBa For
    [the] vision is yet for the appohtedD hIme,C"g j 7 , j Z
    m d it keps panting on to the end,eand it .twill "g;
    not tell a lie. Even if it should delay, keep fn; $2;hi;
    I

    expecktion of it; for it wIlI ~vlthoutfail come


    true.@It will not be late,
    4 "Look! His SOUP
    has been sweIIed up; it has
    not been upright within himab+But ~s for the
    righteous one, by his falthfuIness he will keep
    living." And, indeed, because the wine is dealin^ twacherously,' an able-Mied man is selfnar;i~ming;*nnd he will net reach his goal,k he
    \vho has mnde his souln spacious just Iike
    She'ol,'" and who is like death and cannot besnlisfl4.n And he keeps gathering to himself all
    t h nntfon~
    ~
    ~ n collecting
    d
    together t o himself
    nll t h p#pIcs,P
    ~
    a Will not these very ones, all

    OzA?$

    proverbial saying
    tlnd nn alluding remark, insinuations at
    Ant1 one will say,
    " 'Woe to the one that is multiplying what is
    not his own"--O how long!u-and that is makIng clcbt heavy against himelf!v Will not those
    chiming interest of you rise up suddenly, and
    thost! ivnlre up who are violentIy shaking you,
    and yott certainly become to them something
    tn pllInge?y "Because you yourself despoiled
    mnny nnl ions, all the remaining ones of [the]
    pcoples will d~spoilyou,z because of the shedding of blood oC mankindd and t h e violence to
    1 thcl earth, [the] town and all these dk~relling

    oI' Il~r*m,
    lil'l up n ~ n i n shim
    t
    a

    Or, 'fat." b L%dwarkTX; " m k [pe'tra] $',


    "fortificnt ion,"
    Vg; Ee'pka C'frock"]], SF. 'Or, J4vrith,"or, "to." ~ E ~ E I - R I"may
    I~,
    run,'' bI. Or,bj- a slight eorrwtion, "it ha disclosure for the end."
    a

    in it.'

    A l ' , i 111 .I

    I*,, njr.11
    I'r. ] * : I 1

    --

    9 " 'Woe to the one that I s making eail gain


    for hEs house," in order to set his nest m the
    height, so ns' to be d e l i v e d from the graspe
    of what is calamitous!" lo YOUhave counseled

    m .4S0111.If,
    9* 1,11~pTl'~gh;
    LET,

    ppby.cA'; Tg, rr'nLvtn. LXX mda:


    "1P rlnyone shrinb hnek, my soul bas no pleasure in him." *VT,
    rh"ril; LlX, Iro Irni'rlrs; Tg, it~.fe8vfd~;
    Sg, sFti.ill'. Or, "men."
    hl, ra.dnn~'. Litemlly, ''pnlm." >I, Ii~plt..

    something shameful to your house, the cutting


    aff of many peoples; and your soula is sinning.'
    ,$:::$
    l1 For out of [the] wall a stone itself will c
    ly &;i&jfj
    out plaintively, and from the wood~vork a
    W e 4:10
    raftera itseIf will answer i t B
    r , ~19:~o
    12 "Woe t o the one that is building a city J ~ S S : ~
    by
    and that has solidly established
    a town by unrighteousness!" L a L ~ kIs! it not
    from Jehovah of armiesd that poples will toil Kc xi:&
    on only for the fire, and t h a t national groups ,Pr
    will tire themselves out mereIy for nothing?' I S ~ M I : I L
    " For the earth will be filed with the lulotving kJflc~r21~::B
    U sJ.I:)
    of the glory of Jehovahe as the waters them- Jxnn 6I I. 3: D
    %PC i~r::,
    selves cover over [the] sea.k
    I:c 15:1
    ""'
    wL3
    15 " 'Woe t o the one giving his companion@
    something to drink, attaching [to it] your rag&
    and anger, in order to make [them] drunlz,I1 n$$:#:#
    for the purpose of looking upon their parts of ;:i i'r;j$
    shame.' YOUwill certainly be satiated with r;j;~;~~lo
    dishonor instead of glory.4 Drink also, you your- :,a!: e:;7,
    selfPtand be considered uncircumcised.u The cup t1~.;8+:~
    322
    of the right hand of Jehovah will come around .IIsn(31. 51
    51:57
    to
    and there will be disgrace upon yourO,i;: :j,
    glory; because the violence [done] t a Leb'a- 2;:; $,;:!
    nony is what will cover you, and the rapacity yXvc3l:l
    upon [the] beasts will terrify them, because of
    the shedding of blood of rnanidndr and the vlolence [done] to [the] earth,= the t o m and dl e~~c ~ys!
    rri:24
    those dwelling in it.' Is Of what benefit has R ;'$
    carved image' been, when the former of it has Or' 2":'i
    m "Soul!' Pd, sephpe,sk; LXX, py.cBz'; vg, u'ni.ma. b Or,pwihly,

    !zt

    P .

    HABAKKUK 2:1

    3:4

    carved it, R molten statue," and an instructor


    in f a l ~ e h o o d ?when
    ~
    the former of its farm has
    1
    1
    trusted in it,+to the extent af making worthless
    I
    gaclsnthnt are speechless?'
    OI'V i i n ~
    19 '' 'Woe to the one saying ta the piece of
    I
    .ii.rs
    *.1*.r 5
    a durnb stone : "0wake
    1 .n 1 2 2 wood : ('0do awalce?'~o
    rnIb.l!K:T
    up!
    It
    itself
    will
    dve
    instsuction"P
    Look! It
    I,,, a
    ,:
    Is shenthed In gold and silver,' and there is no
    .I,;';;:;;j",",
    tla.li
    brcntl;~"nt all in the midst of it? But Jehovah
    1 ;.23
    m r m ul:{s.t7 is in his holy temple.k Keep silence before him,
    !,,,hilt
    all the en~-th!"'"~
    i -. ii,:
    I rI :I
    '"
    '"'"
    The prayel'Q of X3a.baPkuk the prophet in
    \I! 3 I I
    I
    cllrg~a:''0Jehovah, I have heard the re7 , I! 1
    ~ ~ t I havc become afrajd, 0 Jehoxb,. ; ig ~ I E nFl ~~ r ) youtr

    :zjE

    -1~~r2.2fl

    11,

    'F:fFg

    "the stucco-work." LitemUy, "blods," M. "Jehornh of armies,"'


    MTgT ; NJeherah almighty: LSX. ''Glory of Jehorah." See hppendis, page 423. 'LAttaehing[to it] gom rage," M. But h~ omtt i n g the possible dithDgaphyof the lettcx helh from 31, the I~rnse
    would read : "from the bowl. [or, goblet) of your rage.'
    Or,
    "men." XI, aqdam'.

    333

    1\11

    IR,\
    '

    '

    r I:\

    !).fit

    v t ~ hnf
    , ynus nctivily."
    In the midst of [the] years 0 bring it t o life?
    !!;;,I
    In the midst of [the] years may you make it
    ,.,
    ,,r, ,::,i.o
    .I b m m h
    known. During the agitation, to show mercy
    71.11 1 : 3 1
    Inny
    you remernber.i
    17 I IF, :cL:;!
    I,.JI
    3
    Goddm
    himself proceaded t o come from Te'v I 'r llH'7
    rm18:u
    I ~ lIo mnn." cvcn n Holy One from Mount Pa'ranBu
    1'5 1H I*!
    1I1111 lzllp r g l l j ' i ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ ~
    I,,,, ,:,
    I:[) Ilr 111

    , k,., ,

    a , .

    b ~ b m l n

    @!'w

    ,,

    I*lKla!

    IIt~dl~itycovered[the]heavens;yandMth
    .I
    hls pcnlsr' the cnrth became filled.#
    ,,.,,
    .,
    ,,,
    *I,,\ 1.4.21
    ,,,, ,,,,,, 4 As lor lhislfi brightness, i t got to be just
    I;;tK'ry Itlle thc light.' He had two ray@ [issuing] out
    IWk

    1,

    * n.\\'lht-ll~lr~
    gorls."

    hl, el.i.lirnt; L,W, 'fdoTa!' bLiBreathP 31,


    L S X , ptt~lr'9~ro; Tg, spir'i.hrs. a "Dirges!' 31, sAi.geyo~ i ; t h ' ;scr l'anlrn 7 : mpersrription. LIX, '"a song"; Tg, "the i p o vnni nrl~:'
    or, "ignornuccn.'' d "God." hI, E1,o'nB; the plurnl nnm11r.r 01' ~ ' h i c i~l ~J;;l.o.kinr'. L I I , her 2'ke.d; T'g, Dc'rrs. See Denter( I ~ I ~ I I I32:
    I ~ 15, root not^ g ; 17, footnote 11. eA'Tc'man!' Or, "the
    niittllh"; n s in R I O ~ ~?fi:
    I I ~1R, 35. LXT, TFtai.wnnf; Tg, "the
    @ ' 1 X r - 7 ~ ~ l r . ' x X Sr l,i . f i P I ~ f a l . i >or,
    ~ n ;''~i~usicnlinterlnile?-ee Psalm
    3: 3, -2, footnote I. The word occurs three times in this prayer 09
    1Inbnk'krtk. a ''Ria," LILYVEF~
    ; not found in M, Literally,
    "JID~IIFI.~'
    Coml~arcExodas 34: 20, 30, 36,
    rtb'r~lrlr;

    335

    of his hand, and there the hiding of his strength


    \VBS.~

    5 Before

    him pestilence kept going:

    and

    a p ~~ g : ~ d
    PS 1ra:1
    a m 'I:I~

    k;

    :$:

    O:IP ~ h . 2 2
    burning fever would go forth a t his feet.0
    ,
    J)r 32'21
    6 He stood stiU, that he might shake up [the] *$R, :;:;lg
    earth.' He saw, and then caused nations t o Ie~p."11 t[: t~t x;x8
    1 .1
    And the eternal mountainslr got t o he m
    :;
    I
    smashed; the indefinitely lasting hills bowed ltr;r .lrl:.~
    n
    1%
    1
    x
    .lli:2
    114
    down." The walkings of long ago are his,
    7 Under what is hurtful I saw the tents of
    Cu%shananThe tent cloths of the land of f;2;Ai
    F*;83.1
    Mid'ihanrbegan to be agitated.8
    ml*:v 15:14
    8 1s it against the rivers, 0 Jehovah, fs It r r n s 1 : 2
    !,1;:2
    against the rivers that your anger has become t1,;fI
    x!, I .;
    hot,t or is your fury against the sea?u For you
    jyi:
    "
    went riding upon your horses;v your chariotsC
    O Y O ~4:s
    were salvati~n.~P
    9 In [its] nakedness your b o w comes t o be !$?<&
    uncovered." The sworn oaths of [the] tribes 2R1f;!:
    are the thing said,k Se'hlx. With rivem you ;:;;;fl,
    I
    YI'S ti>{:iT
    proceeded t o split [theJ earth.'
    ?'l 10.1:3
    10 Mountains saw you; they got to be in ~;p,y
    severe pains.' A thunderstorm of waters ~ s s e d
    through. Surging watersb gave forth their C%kI;Fi:l~jI;!;~;:jI4A1
    sound." On high their hands they lifted up.
    ;l'c'/;' 7 :5
    11 Sun'-moons-stood
    still,: In the lofty onIt
    r X I 1 2 : 29
    abode thereof.' Like light your OIWI arso!vs kept "::I
    g6ing.m The Iightning of your spear served for o!;;2&a
    I.;

    Tc;d;:2

    hri~hhess.~
    12 With denunciation you went marching
    [through] the earth, In anger y ~ went
    u
    threshing [the] nations."
    13 And you went forth for the salvation

    TK[I

    gr, R

    *lk 1!1:5

    ;;~~;7~$

    I B 1.1.1:~
    rsr 5 I3 3

    XJ

    "the E.thi.o'pi.ane,'~XX; "Ehtl~i.o'pl.n,''


    Vg.
    b " S ~ r g i ~~~
    eg
    t e s . "31, tehdm; LAXTTg,"the n b y ~ ~ 'Sg,
    ' ; t'b~r'wn.
    Bee Getcsis 1:2, f o o b d e e.
    3 "CuEsbnn~
    M8y;

    HAEAKKUK 3 :1 4 1 9

    your people,l to save your anointed onema


    a;qgRE& of
    You broke to pieces the head one out of t h e
    n:p(i.2$yhouse of the wicked one." There was a laying
    of the foundation bare, clear up to the neck."
    rl
    I:.;
    s 1;,?:6
    lb.15
    I ; :1334
    ~

    #.gua.

    14 With his own rods you pierced [the] head


    of his warriors [when] they moved tempestuRPB83:2
    ously to scatter me,#Their high glee was as of
    those bent on devouring an amicted one in a
    gIace of concealment.'
    15 Through the sea you trod [with] your
    'IPs
    n:lQ
    horses, [through] the heap of vast watemu
    16 I henrcll, and my belly began to be agitated;
    nt
    r t 7 n l ~ n : 1 ~ thc sor~nrlmy lips quivered; rottenness began
    .rrrr:ko to enter into my bones;v and In my situation I
    I R:2T
    I 0 : was agitated, that I should quietly wait forb the
    $1'.3 44 1:13
    lS,, 2j;:20 day of distress,Y for [his] coming up to the
    pE?I<Il;i+l 24:2 people, [tll~t]he may raid thern.2
    17 Although [the] Ag tree itself may not
    ,
    .I
    tg
    ,,,,, , ,:,, blossom, and them may be no yield on the vlnes;
    work of [thcl olive tree may actually turn
    2;;
    ; ;~ 6 the
    r l ~ -l. ~
    out
    a failure, and the terraces tl~emselvesmay
    El $11 2' L
    actually
    proclucc: no food; [the] flock may acrl.3
    I-*&d l i 1
    t
    o tunI!y lle cut off from ILhe] pcn, and theremay
    Tb.2
    be no hen2 in thc enclosures;'
    I 5:
    AI.:y 1P.Z
    18 Yet, as for me, I will exult in Jehovah
    l T Y13::fa
    l*n
    : : ;1
    himself;" 1 will be j0yfU ill the Godc of my
    h l l r ,.,
    ~II

    I,'

    :'%*

    <<I

    1 , \ L ?:XI
    H
    l :l
    I 'H 2 T : I
    )h 3:16

    salvation.'
    19 Jehovah the Sovereign Lordd is my vital
    energy;'
    and he will make my feet like those
    j:!;l'iig
    - - A

    $'Anointed one."' M, mrr.slbi'alalt; LiSXnu, "anointed one [ k o


    1
    e b b ' t ~ ~ Or,
    .
    "1 ~llooid wail (lament) heIc,r~."-Koeh]et-B~~~rnp~~~tner.
    m "Qod,'V?, l,Elnaallim', f'Yeho-mh
    the Sovereign Lord." )I, Y'lro.~oik' d.do.?ds~r'.Fice Psnlm 68: 20,
    footnote h. Compare Oerteais 15:2, footnotes e, f. LLT, "Jehovah
    God"; VgT, " C + d Jehorntrf'; 6y, "tlra Lord of lorcta."
    phrbros']";

    '

    ZEPHANIAH 1:1-3

    ZEPHANIAH 1:6-11

    336

    of the hinds,' and upon my highc places&he


    miI1 cause me t o tread.*
    To the director on rn? hinged i~~utrummtm.

    :2y2yj%
    r~
    1 8 : ~
    EL lc 32:i3
    I U 5Y:11

    I
    I

    ' t 3 1 ~high places." Or, pmb~bIy,t o be reail, "i.lv hidl plncm a%


    Jehovah"; the final yod snfixed to tho ~t*r.ordbring pousihly an
    nbbreviation fnr the name J ~ h o r n h .C o ~ ~ l ~ Jlr~lprs
    n r ~ k l!l: 15, footnol e 11, awl Jera~uiah 9 :3, 6, where LIJ~ll~ovnh"
    \hauld 111 obnbly
    br! rend instead of "me" (final yod [?I in Jf).
    a

    ZEPHANIAH"
    The word of Jehovah that occurred to Zepha.ni'aha the son of Cush'i the son of Ged.rt- m2K116:20
    li'ah the son of Am.a.rifahthe son of Hez.e.ki'ah"1 $;; ,TI
    in the days of Jo.si%ihbathe son of A'mon3 the 110 IIL
    *?1.;1 n:1
    Icing of Judah:
    J vr I :Z
    2 "I shaII without fail finish everything off wL1'' 21:sa
    the surface of the ground," is the utterance of
    1116
    Jel~ovah.'
    IHI( 8:11
    /
    3 "I shall finish off earthling man and beast. Q;iR,:&
    I shall Anish off the flyingo creature of the $;
    heavens and the fishes0 of the sea,P and the O J V 4:29
    ~
    stumbling blocks with the wicked ones;' anrl I ?iI;;.%"
    will cut off mankindc from the surface of the 'k7A:;':3
    Kc 2:14
    ground,"" is the utterance of Jehovah. ' "And li-,,p
    I wJIl stretch out m y hand against dudah and 'f$!Yi;
    agajalst all the inhabitants of Jerusalem,' and I $:,r;u/
    \vill cut off from tbis place the remaining ones
    of the Ba'al,dpu the name of the foreign-god !zli~ 2.45
    1111
    30.5
    priestsmalong with the priestqk and those who n'rl.;l
    ;!:'i:lz
    Rre bowing clown upon the roofs t o the army of i:::;;:;;
    the heavens,n and those who are bowing do\vn,Is
    JIsnning "Jehavah Has Concenletl," ''Jo4~itnh?' IZ, ~ ' o , Ri.itlti!
    ~I
    14j

    :;::

    rncnning "Tdr (u) Supports!! "'31~nkind."31, hn-n.dna', d "11'110


    RR'AI," M, hffih-Battnl;the name of the f n h s goil. L X S , be Rm'rrl;
    l'g, BdnL Toreign-god priests? 3f, krmrr.rim'; Vg, ''tcmplo
    keepers."

    making sworn oaths to Jehovahs a d making


    sworn oaths by Mal'cham;a' "and those who

    I;!;;$;

    drawing back from following JehovahU and


    who have not sougl~tJehovah and have not inquired of 11irn."~
    VI'S
    7 Keep silence before the Lord Jehovahbr
    1,,,43:22
    for. the day of Jehovah is near,=for Jehovah has
    prepared a ~acrifice;~'
    he has sanctifieda his
    ).:x;:r$m&t2.13
    '
    lnvited
    ones."
    P.!,\n 2 3:F
    -lJa?~ : I O
    8 "And it M U B occur
    ~
    on the day of Jehovah's
    .I..ri 31:6
    I",1 :{TI7 sacrificethat I will give attention to the princes,O
    ]!LIT
    L-i\n J G : ~ and to the sons of the king, and t o all those
    .Il.r hl:28
    foreign attire.' O And I will give attenr.krl
    It"
    ': wearing
    t i ~ to
    n cvcryorlc that is climbing u p n the platt l !l:'l2]
    ':'i\l lml:?2
    f o r m in fhai dnp, those who are filling the
    , ,
    .k41515 house (31Lheir m;~ters*l
    with violence and decep
    .!.!!I
    .h :L%:I~ti0n.O I r " A n d there must occur on that day," i
    s
    KO '3.1
    I~:,Tc;
    h1.1 the utterance of Jehovah, "the aound of an out2:l
    cry"from the Fish GflteInand R howling frorn the
    ,.1a.1'
    .,,!I1r 25..34
    nA
    ,,,,,, , , 5 second quarter,[<and a great crashing frorn the
    J7l.l !3: L
    hill~.~ll
    fi How1,r YOU inhabltmts of M a k ? e ~ h , ~
    --rq ;,,-,,:,
    a b"121~~l'c~inrn."
    M, tnnl.imm'; L,XT, "thcir kinfi.";VE, 1Icl"chom; SF,
    dlnl,rlron~'.1 LLTl~(r
    LOMI J~hnvr~ll.''RI, A.I~o.?Iu!I'
    >'*Ao.~oiJb'; LLLY~11lli:z.s a_lbe

    *
    n'%%:~1<:2

    JIB7:G
    uI

    h.ll.ld

    I I : ~ ~

    \'KT, '*.Ft-l~a~*nli
    Onrl"; SF," t l i r l I ~ nI)!' l Ionla.'*L t ~ t l t c * ~C~cnilnn,
    .
    d ~ r
    Il,*r.r I J r r r . C Or, "1~orli111b1:
    ti~~.vd~oltt."
    I'rt~sillly,the plntform or
    filriiw lof l t ~ ckiirgb tltlwnr. d 01; "glrrt~dn~nslcr.,"11, a.rlo.~rimr; the
    11l11rn1
    n ~ ~ n r lnP
    l ~a.r!drtt.
    l.
    Sep Clvnrsi~:3!) : 3, Eot~tnntc(I. * "lfak'tprch."
    3lvn11itig "n rnrrrtar." n n ~ rl~rio!inc.
    l
    t l ~ t *hlorlnr-(J1rark1-of the city
    rll' ,lcsusnlc!n. 8 a ~ - 5font not^ 2 of PAFI! 52 or Jrrrt.c.nlrtn in fhs Old
    ' I ' r ~ i n r l l t c j r t ,by Dr. J . Girnona, S . J . (19iJS) : "JIT\'hile, therefore, the
    I lltl T~stalnentnnme nf tho C~tltrnlVnlleg r ~ r n n i tenGil-ely
    ~~
    unknown
    111 t~u,wc prohably poagesr Ihr ~prcinlnnmc uf n pnrt of it. Zepbmiri h ( i 11) acldresses Iiimaclf to tlie ' i n l ~ n l ~ i h u
    oft ~tlm 11101~tm~
    (nnk!tt#')',
    where the silrcrsmiths nppcnr to hnvo hcclt ~~itnhlialiod.
    After
    I bn corxtext tbis rlunrler nlny 11nl;e h c pnrt
    ~ ~ uf tho tl~euolreacly
    vxivting ?IIishn~hor RPCOIII~ Cily. MIIJl.lr,r' mny thvraforc be hken
    1 ' the
    ~ basin fornlcd by the junction of' t h e Ccntrnl Volley and the
    I'rms-Valley , rnthpr t l ~ ~
    then uren jrr t i ~ rh n d of the Centrd
    l'aII~y.
    The n m e mcum nowhere [Sce bottnaa of nest page.]

    .. . . .

    for all the people who are tradesmen have been

    silenc&;s all those weighing out silver have 6y,"2431",


    RC 1 ~ : r l
    been cut off.
    12 "And it must occur at ththat time that I
    shall carefully search JemsaIern with ?amps,' tA,t,&:
    and I will give attention t o the menmwho are
    congealing upon their dregs" [and] who are UJex48:11
    saying in their heart, 'Jehovah will not do good,
    and he will not do bad.''
    And their wealth V,P
    must come to be for pillage and their houses w e a:.~
    far a desolateowaste.Y And they will have built ;,::",$?\?
    houses, but theywill not have occupancy;m m d j;;::i?:
    they will have planted vineyards," hut they will
    Z T I PB.30
    not drink the \vine of them.'
    p>!nl .1:1
    14 "The great dayD of Jehovah fs near.' It Is
    near, and there is a hurrying [ofIt] very much.O :;?;
    The sotmd of the day of Jehovah is bitter." d<;
    5 6 3 12
    There a mighty manb is letting out a ~ r y . ~ . & j i ' 1 " i ? ~
    !That day is a day of fury, a day of djstresso :,;,%:T
    and of anguish,' a day of storm and of clesola- $:$:$f
    tion, a day of darhess and of gloominess," a day !::* 2[;:5
    17::s
    of clouds and of thick gloom, '
    9
    day of trum- a.ue
    frX4'C ! I : ] - $
    petcp and of alarm signal,' against the fortifled
    :1:2
    r i m 5.18
    cities and against the high corner tor;vers.' *J+,r
    4:19
    lrAnd I will cause distress to manklnd,n and :$i:12i?i
    they will certainly walk like blind' rnen;k be- I r a 5 ' ~10
    cause it is against Jehovah that they have n;;;,?I;.?
    sinned." A n d their blood will actually be poured
    :;4I 1.20
    out like dust,' and their bowels lilcc the dt1ng.8 B.Ila=
    ~ ":):r2.t
    l5 Neither their silver nor their gold will be able J t-r 2
    7 33
    [Uot~tinvedfrom bottom of p~euioir8 page,] OIRC,
    BO that R f
    l
    m
    looaliention is hnfdly passlble, md evrn it+ albnmctcr as n red
    L.:I,~I

    "Men." M,

    . . !'

    proper nsme is not b q o n d donl~t

    n.fii.sJaint'; the plural numbex o f jab,


    "A mighty
    man.}' W, g?'b.bdd. Compare Genesis 10: 8, footnote d. Or,
    "sho'phar."' Or, "men." JI, ha-adarn'.

    rr;!;g

    to deliverv them in the day of Jehovah's fury$


    but by the fire of his zeal the whole cartha 1viI1
    devoured,u because he wilI make an extemiI;;;;.?:$be
    nation, indeed a temJlble one,b of all the invJcr 4 9 7 habitants of the earth,"*v
    Gather yourselves together, yes, do the
    gathering,y 0 nation not paling In sharne.cz
    x f a n 1:4
    yJns
    2 B e f ~ r e[the] statute gives birth t o [ a n p
    Jrr6:15
    I'IIP 3:19
    * z l * 3::
    thing] ,* [belore the 1 day h ~ passed
    s
    by just
    m Z c h a ! l s like chaff, before there comes upon You people
    the burning anger of Jehovah,lll before there
    ;j':4?&20
    "b F ~ fs 4 -comes
    ~ ~ upon YOU the day of Jehovah's a n ~ e r , ~
    s w k Jrhowah: a11 YOU meel4 ones of the
    hrltJl,li
    1
    eartE~,a~
    npha hnve prncticd I-Iis own judicial
    r
    2~:g
    E<r76.9
    decision. Scek righteousness,*seek rneeknes~.~
    hl t Im:5
    I
    . , . I Prohablyr' YOU may be concealeds in the day
    mhll C:23
    of Jehovah's anger.* For, ns regards Ga'za, an
    ,
    abandoned [cj ty] is what she lvjll become;# and
    ?' (; 7 :,i5
    :
    Ash'ke.lon is to be a desolate woste.1~As regards
    I .:' 31 :20
    lea Y G : ~ O Ash'dod,ll at high noon they will drive her out;=
    l . 1 31i:L
    ~
    nrn ~ : r , and as regards Ek'ron, she mil1 be ~prooted.~
    1 r . f ~1:18
    7
    :
    5 "Woe to those Inhabiting the region of the
    rrZCh 2fi:6
    18
    seR,
    the nation of Cher'e.thiles!l't The word of
    rl'5 !ll G
    .f<,r13.3 Jchovnh is a~nnfnstYW pople. 0 Ca'nam, the
    m?i<b 1 16
    landof #ePhi.Iis'tInes,Iwillalsodes~y you,
    z,.~s.s
    5:;' so that thew will no inhnbitant.hl And the
    bxc;:lg
    Jns 5:l

    1 . 1

    13..

    ,1111

    vlz;" . :5yz9
    ..5
    I.',c

    p;$;

    ;:;;

    region of Ihe sea must become pasture grounds,v


    [with] wells for shepherds ~ n d
    stone pens for
    sheep, And it must hecome a region for the remaining ones of the house af Jut3~h.YUpon them
    they will feed. In the houses of Ashtke.lon1in the

    Or, "land." 3f, p~r'sta. ""Inrled n temqiblo ono." 01;by

    oorrec-

    tinn, "indeed n mdrlen terrolu.J1 Or, "not pcslning intensely?' d Or


    **h~lmble.~'
    e Or, "hurnhlc~tms:h~rnilitp.''f Or, "Pcrknps." M,~ t a . ? a f <
    #"Map be concealed." I n 3I the r ~ r bz~md hclr~ rs sn.tJrn#, not

    tm.y~kad (as in tho nrme Zcph,n.ni'nh). hUCrcZnn~,'' L-XK

    ZEPHANIAH 2:&13

    340

    1
    iymz

    evening, they will lie stretched out. For Jehovah


    4,10
    their Goda will turn his attention to themz and lMlo
    LU I &
    certainly gather the captive ones of them.'"
    *Jcr2":"
    Eze :is)
    2s
    8
    have heard the reproach by Mo'abu and $;':
    the abnsive words of the son;$of Am'mon," with Lj>r?:c:,,lt
    which they have reproached my people and k ~ p t
    putting on great airs against their territory. !;$(.;!
    Therefore, as I am a l i ~ e , "is~the utterance of
    Jehovah of armiesabthe God8 of Israel, "Mo'ab *;;;:(:j,;
    r\:n 2:1
    :za
    2.i.5:2
    herself will become just like Sod'om,' and the Q1A:,,
    :.ls
    sons of Am'mon6 like Go.rnortrah," a place c>1: :13:1s
    TI:^:^
    possessed by nettles, and a salt pit, and a deso!rj:,
    late waste, even to time indefinite.' The remain- j;;g;"
    ing ones of my people will plunder them, and E{;sa
    the remnant of my own nation will take posses- (;;5:2o
    sion of them.' IDThisis what they will have
    instead of their pride,k because they reproached n;;;?~11:13
    and kept putting on great airs against the peo- ~2F~'!$?~'i
    ple of Jehovah af armiesBbn
    IiJehov& will be ,$:,",'I,'
    fear-inspiring against them;cr for he will eer- Bi!;;yi:7,
    tainly emaciate all the godsd of the earth,a and ti; ;;,;7
    people will bow d m to
    each one from Uy;nn.;;v4
    his place, all the idandse of t h e nations,u
    I~II

    :!+

    V,)P

    IL~G

    6;81:~

    9l:d
    12 "YOUalso, YOU E.thi.orpi.ms,fVYOU your- VI lcqr ta il.i.3
    Ex@
    30:4
    selves will be those slain by my sword.g~
    yk's 17 13
    Tc:i 11.5
    13 "And he will stretch out, his hand toward Jr~r.i;.g
    t h e north, and he will destroy As.syrtl.a.sAnd he Z!?jk ".?";
    7
    will make Nin'eveh a desolate waste,' a rvater- .$;:'i!+:li
    a 'Gail." BE, Eb.o.himl. "Jehorah of armi~!' M, Pol~o.faak'TsPhn-

    6th'; LA=, "the h d the Bilmightf'; L~ttherGerman, d ~ Rrrr


    r
    Irs~traoih. "Jehovah will be fear-inspiring agniust them,'' >IT'$;
    "Jehovah will appear upon thm," L-LYSy.1"Qorls." .\I, el.a.Rim';
    LS;ri, bhe.o<'; Pggdi'i. OOr, "condtnnrls." n"E.ll~i.o' i.ans." L X Y Yg; Cw~Dinr', 31; ~'Cushtitca,"S l T . 15 '.My swanl,' ZIIIX4Yl-r"L..
    PmibIg, "the s ~ o r aof Jeho~uh,"if Ihe final yod [ l j snRxerl t o
    the Hebrew wmd for "saord" ia nn nhb~vrintionfor thr tetrmgramaton or PBho.walt'. Compare PIahakI;nlc 3: 10, footnote a.

    less region like the wllderne~s.~


    "And In the
    midst of her, droves wlll certainly lie stretched
    out, all the wild animals of a nation.&" Both
    R~~,!:$:~~
    *hll-n:ri:n
    pelican and porcupinel~~will spend the night
    right among her pillar capitals.' A voice will
    ""P
    8:a
    Beep singing in the window2 There wilI be devastation nt the threshold; for he wilI certainly
    m d lay bare the very wain~cothg.~
    In This is the
    'k; F; exultant city that was sitting in security,' that
    wln1~

    was saying in her heart, 'I nm,and there is no-

    body else.':' 0 how she has become an object of


    nstonishment,* a place for the wgd mkds to
    1.11 1:1
    1~ 1fi:la Ilo stsctched out?Evei*yonepassing along by her
    will ~ d i i s t l ~he; will wag his hand.""
    ,
    k:f.lb L b , .:a
    Woe to her that is rebellingb and polluting
    I r Inn 11:7
    . J tqt:fi
    ~ ~ ~ ~ herself, Ihe oppressive city!k She did not
    ,$',!'$& listen t o a voice;l~she did not accept discipline.'
    ;;1:;;1,ii:i+: In Jehovah she did not trust.3To her GodCshe
    clid not draw nearac Her princes in the midst
    ,l#wr!>.'I
    nllll : H : J ~ or her were roaring 1fons.u FIer judges were evel b l l \ ;! I ; I
    n i n ~wolvn that dld not gnaw [bones] till the
    ~;;:!~,r?,!r
    morning,' I-Ier prophets were insolent, were
    III~J-PH;III
    I:"'
    ,p
    ,,,I, I H mcn af tmachery.y Her prlests themselves proFrlnd w l ~ n twrrg holy; they did violence to [the]
    ";(,';';2,!,11
    :!I ". :', L
    law." a Jchov:~hwas righteous in the midst of
    ICir,
    m : hpr;*
    ~
    he would do no unrighteousness."Morning
    aI
    !v I th
    by
    morning
    he kept giving his own judicial deit11
    ~~~t~
    ;i,!I,I~I
    .
    ~
    daylight
    it did not prove lacking.@
    . , I ~ . ~ . ~~I i. sI l~o n At
    X4.P 7 : : )
    . : BLIt the unrighteous one was knowing no shame.'
    cut off nations; their corner towers were
    ;le;:! ?<"; \ 5
    desolated.
    X devastated their streets, so that
    'xl.lh 9 : I
    there was no one passing tl~rough.Their cities
    were laid waste, so that there was no man$ so
    that there was no inhabitantmmI said, 'Surely
    1 Sy. Or, '%bat
    '(A nation," M; "the emth," LXX; "peoples," '
    i m dirty." 0 "God?? Y,P.r.him'; LXX, ho Z'hror'. sr%an,'* &f,isk
    *rmn47:R
    I . " ;*:2
    ~ ~
    lPl.-1

    lm:/4!

    '*4

    'I-

    "

    ZEPHANIAH 3:8-13

    342

    you will fear me; you will accept discipline';"


    k4,
    so that her dwelling might not be cut off-,
    all that I must call t o account against her."
    Truly they acted promptly in making all their&;;;;#:&",hz;:l~
    dealings ruin0us.n
    i $ ~ 2:1
    i ~
    37:34
    8 " 'Therefore keep yourselves in expectation rPs
    I >a
    - 80 18
    of me,'r is the utterance of Jehovah, Till t h e ,:::2"B721
    day of my rising upa to [the] IsooWjbafor my t:z$2i13
    judicial decision is to gather nation^,^ for me gt&?&
    to collect together l ~ i n g d ~ r nin
    s,~
    order t o pour91;?;;?,
    out upon them my denunciation," all my burning ;?; ',"3";5"4
    anger; for by the fire of my zeal all the earthC
    will be d e v o ~ dT. o~ r then I shaI1 give t o peo- E z e 36:s
    1:18
    ples the change t o a pure language,dv in order Zep
    2pe 3:7
    for them a11 to call upon the name of Jehovah,Y v$.$hlj::g
    in order to serve him shoulder to shoulder.'ez Y$$ig2:
    10 "From the region of the rivers of E.thi.0'- !~~g&?{
    pi.af the ones entreating me, [narndy,] the pIsas 72~111
    18::
    daughter of my scattered ones, will bring a gift Dpa$l;;
    t o me.' In that day youK will not be ashamed
    ~4~:;
    because of all your dealings with which you Ag
    L ~l:51
    das 4:6
    transgressed against me," for then I shall re- d I s a I I : ~
    move from the midst of you your haughtily +:";z'1::i5
    exultant ones;A and you will never again be z",5i:n
    haughty in my holy rn0untain.O laAnd I shall @pa;;;;
    certainly let remain in the midst of you n p e b .~;b~!:i;;
    ple humble and lowly,' and they will a d u d l y hqrc 4:7
    W:21
    take refuge in the name of Jehovah.& la As re- *Isa
    ~t 1341
    gards t h e remaining ones of Israel," they will do
    no unrighteousne~s,~
    nor speak a lie," nor wilI g;
    ;J:

    a '(My rising up,') 31; "my ~.esui.rection [a.narsta.sis]," L X S ; "my


    resuihrection [rese~rrsctioJ,"Vg. b'rBooty." 31, 'ad. LXXSy, "a
    witness (testimony)?'; Hebrew, t d . Tg, "the fntm-e," Or, "land."
    U, sr'ets, d Liter~lly, "lip," 11. gee Genesis 11: 1, literally,
    '([with] ona shoulder," H. "E.ihi.o'pi.a,"' L n V g ; "Cush," MSy;
    "India" (Ro'dlc), T. YOU." The pronoun icr in the femintne
    gender, singular number; to refer t o the city.

    343

    ZEPHANLAH 3 :1 A 2 O

    nf"r12:za

    there be found in their mouths a tricky tongue;n


    for they themselves will feed and actually lie
    stretched out,' and there will be no one making
    rR;c,?&23
    7 7
    s,l~.ra : L O [them] tremble."^
    rm:7c3s:ze
    14 Joyfully cry out, 0 daughter of Zion!
    tJ.:sr 321
    210 Break out in cheers,t 0 Israel! Rejoice and
    11b1l.z 4%
    .I,,I, 12:15 exult with all the heart, O daughter of Jerusavlsn 40:2
    zr*c8:13 lem!u IS Jehovah has removed the judgments
    FAP;!~oupon you,V He has t u m d away your enernyPY
    The king of Israel, Jehovah, is in the midst of
    """
    ](<I 8.33
    2'9
    ~ I S:t3:22
    IL
    you." You wiLI. fear calamity no more.' lo In
    I . : , ~ .?8:35
    rcl? 7 : ~ that day it will be said to Jemsalem; "Do not
    *iirn 0.15
    Y*,, r.r:rl be afraid, 0 Zion." May your hands not drop
    n&ivrd(;:'B
    down." '"ehovah your Goda is in the midst of
    .J,,I~
    XUC

    A l s n 9.5':

    ,I,.,,

    As a mighty Onejb he will save,"e


    will
    be gIad over you with rejoicing.' He will become
    you,

    silent in his love.@He will be joyful over you


    with happy cries.
    m l l r 7.8
    n t . 10:15
    18 "The ones grief-stricken"in absence from
    42:9
    I
    I :
    yaurc festal season I shali certainly gather toRfm 233 gether;# absent from you they happened, to be,
    IIo 3:11
    1
    1:
    because of bearing reproach on her accountk
    laran m!11 IQ Here I am acting against all those afflicting
    IS*& mc14
    zl.r 1 . 1 : ~ you, at that time;') and I will save her that is
    rE:fil4:3i.~n
    11-r'(1,~
    limping,r and her that is dispersed I shall col*'"It 2I:lU
    Iect together. And I will set them as a praisea
    and as a name in all the land of their shame.
    i 2 u At that t h e I shall bring you people in, even
    in the time of m y collecting YOU t0gether.s For
    Am"14
    I shall make YOU people to be a name and a
    praise among all the peoples of the earth, when
    ~IM
    e k l 5 I gather YOUR captive ones before YOUR eyes,"
    3"%; Jehovah has said."
    "God." hl, El.b.h.im'; LXX, ho Th$.osf. "A mighty One." ad,
    gib.bdrr. Compare Isaiah 10: 21, footnote a. The pronoun is in
    the feminine gender, singular numbe17,to refer to the city.
    licb 7:25
    +J)c, 30:9
    I'q

    1.27:12.

    hl'r

    ni!,"B1&s

    345

    ZE;;;

    HAGGAI 1:8-13

    8rri~~pt0themountaIa,~and~oum

    bring in lumber.= And build the house,' that I


    Z C 'i116
    ~
    may take pleasure In it3 and I may be glorified,'*
    L E Y 28:43
    pc;m 9
    Jehwah has said."
    h a 60.13
    ICO s:m
    9 " 'There was a looking for much, but, look!
    there
    was just a little;+and YOU have brought
    c p ; ; ~ [it] into
    the house, and I blew upon it+-for
    +:z%g;+6
    what reason?'"^ the utterance of Jehovah of
    MSI 2:2
    I
    armlesUb'By reason of my house that is waste,
    while YOU are on the run, each one in behalf of
    :E:,1$31
    Re 3:19 his own house.' l o Therefore, over YOU [the]
    YHag 1:4
    >It m:37 heavens kept back [thelr] detv, and the earthc
    itself kept back i t s yield.' " And I kept calling
    *h$
    x i s : = for dryness upon the earth,c and upon the
    Jcr I;:?
    mountaiars, and upon the grain, and upon the
    m1*"24-"r new wine,m and upon the oil, and upon what
    FIQ a:$
    5:13 the ground would bring forthnwand upon earthling man," and upon domestic animal, and upon
    k;g;;;l all the toil of your hands."'lc
    12 And Ze.n~b'b~~bel
    the son of ShedYi.eI,
    and Joshua the son of Je.hoztahdakthe high
    n$ET:ip priest,@and all the remaining ones of the peob",; ;3": ple began t o listen to the voice of Jehovah their
    r B r 5 : ~ GOdlfnand to the wards of H~g'gai the prophet,
    sce 12:*
    P S I I Z : ~ when Jehovah their Gorlr sent h h ; r and the
    F r 1:i
    EC 12:s people began to fear because of Jeh0vs;h.a
    Ac $331
    Heb12:m
    13 And Ilag'gai the rnessengerg of Jehovah
    went on to say to the people according to t h e
    u2Ch 13:2 messenger's commission from Jehov~th,tsay*Ezr
    =IKi 9.3

    In the second year of Dari'us the king," in

    'z%,4if!4

    the sixth month, on the flrst day of the


    month, the word of Jehovah occurred by the
    hand of Hag'gaia" the prophet to Zenrubfbn.beIA
    E
    E
    the son of She.al'ti.eI,b the governor of Judnh, ,\;,1$;
    and t o Joshuab+the son of Jenhoz'abdak
    the high0 +h~?
    C,IC:II
    G:I&
    prjest,' saying:
    Ezlb3:2
    2 "This is what Jehovah of armiesd has said,
    'As regards this people, they have said: "The
    time has not come, the time of the houa of
    ~ ~ 4 2z3 r
    Jehovah, for [it] t o be built." ' ""
    3 And the word of Jehovah continued to come
    1
    by the hand of Haggaia the prophet, saying:
    ' "Is it the time for YOU yourse1ves to drveIl in
    YOUR paneled houses,' while this house is yh"p:$l
    waste?k And now this is what Jehovah of k,JI:;#z::g
    armiesd has said, 'Set YOUR heart upon YOUR Da 0.17
    ways." OYou have sown much s e d , hut there nigl:$Tf
    is a bringing of little inarThere is an eating, but; ;Gl ; ;
    It is not to satisfaction.. There is a drinking, W:I;J
    but net t o the point of getting Intoxicated. ,\m,r :I
    There is a putting on of clothes, but it is not
    !&
    with anyone's getting warm; and he that is E'e.'*lB
    hiring himself out is hiring himself out for a
    uran 4 : ~
    bag having holes.' "U
    7 "This is what Jehovah of amIesflY has ;&y$&
    (

    said,
    -

    'Set YOUR

    heart upon aouR ways.'y

    $il:;tg

    Meaning "Festi~e." Literally, "Je.Iiosh'ubn,"'M;"J~AuR,"


    L9XVg; 'LYe.shn"," Sy, Jfeaniug "dehovnh Is Rnlvdion," Reo Rabrem
    4:8, footnote e. Or, "chief." Liternlly, rent: mXXVg,
    "Jehornh of a~mies." M, Ptl~amaktTeV~a.bfk';T I X X , "dohovnh
    rrlrnighkf' (1Cy'ri.o~ paff.fo.Rra't6~); T, YPTa2ba"brrbu'th';Luther
    Qennan, d8r H ~ r Isebaoth.
    f
    344

    E;:

    'fizg

    "'Xamwith~ou~ople,~stheutteranc
    eafiJoing:JehOVah,"~
    M t 1:23
    Ru 8:31

    Of

    Orl &(the
    mountainous region." b "Jehotrnh of amiw." 8m verse 2,
    footnote d. Or, "Innd!' 11, er'ete, "Enrthlingmnn." M,hn-cm.& J.
    *'[The high priest.') Litornlly, "tho p e n t j ~ l i n ~ t , "1
    ' 1; an.eerfdoa
    ~rrag',nlls,Tg. ~'G0d.l' 31, Kj.alhim'. s Or, L'angcl,'lLXS,an'gs.70s;
    f

    Tg,

    H~cR'~~.~Ls.

    HAGGAI 1:14-2 :5

    346

    14 And Jehovah proceeded t o rouse up the


    spirit8 of Ze.rublba.bel the son of She-al'tiel,
    t h e governor of Judah,and the spiritBof Joshua
    the son of Je.h&a,dak the high priest, and the
    spirit of all the remaining ones of the
    v&F
    and they k g a n to enter in and to do the work g; :i;
    in the house of Jehovah of armiesb their G ~ d . ~?'$
    y",;;;3
    "'t was on the twenty-fsu~thday of the sixth ~ 0 4 : s
    1Co 1258
    month in t h e second year of Da.ritusm t h e king. Heb
    1391
    mE2r 4:24
    In the seventh [monthJ , on the twenty-first Et$;1
    [day] of the month, the word or' Jehovah
    occurred by the hand of Hag'gai t h e prophet,
    saying: "Say, please, t o Ze.rub'ba.belW the son T$F,$~
    of She.al'tLe1, the governor of Judah," m d to ,"E"z",$~
    Joshua t h e son of Je.hozla.dak the high priest,
    and t o the remaining ones of the people, saying,
    'Who is there among ~w that is remaining
    over who saw this house in its former glory?* *&:i$:i2
    And how are YOU people seeing it now? Is it
    not, in comparison with that, as nothing in YOUR

    "~~1:

    ;iz2

    eyes?'O

    nzec 4:1o

    1
    8

    "Spirit." MIrukahh; L X X , p9fez4'rn o; T7g,spw'i-tus. b "Jehovah of


    armies,'' See Haggai 1:2, footnote d. C "C+od." M, El.u.kinn'. d "People of the land.'; X, 'am ha-ar'ets, Not r e t used in a contemptuous
    sense. See Jeremiah 1 : 18, footnote b, and compare John 7 : 47-49.
    Literally, '%ord," RT. Literally, 'cut:
    M. g "Spirit." Af, rzc'alth;
    L X X , to pneltlnza; Vg, spi~'i.tns. See Genesis 1:2, footnots d.

    I,',

    ,,,,

    151h

    4 " 'But now be strong, 0 Ze.rub'ba.be1,' is


    the utterance of Jehovah, 'and be strong," 0
    Joshua the son of Je.hoz'a-dak the high priest.' bg;;m3
    zec s:9
    " 'And be strong,all you people of the land,'d 1Co:I::1; 6:U
    is the utterance of Jehovah, 'and WORK.'^
    J O t
    ~ :
    ~
    Php 2312
    '' 'ForI am with YOU people," is the utterance ; ;$
    of Jehovah of armies.b [Remember] the thinge *?
    Isa 4 3 2
    1
    that T concludedf with YOU people when YOU $:'p:,"31
    came forth from Egypt? and [when] my spiritg
    ~~;~~
    E

    was standing in among ~ o u . 9 not


    0 be afraid.' "#
    6
    "For
    this
    is
    what
    Jehovah
    of armies&has
    Trill 14-16
    *)411
    said,
    'Yet
    once-it
    is
    a
    little
    svhilek--and I
    ,tn 8 1.3
    n4.2 ~ 2 4 am rocking the heavens and the earth and the
    OM t 4:1a
    37;10 sea3 and the dry ground.'"
    1w'10:25
    7 '' 'And I will rock all the nations, and the
    I [ r b 30:37
    n r ~ f #:4
    t
    desirable
    things" of all the nations must come
    .Ivr 4:24
    .r[)c s:le i n ; c P and I will filI this house with g l ~ r y ,Jeho'~
    hrt
    t I ~24-29
    b
    1 2 : vah
    ~
    of
    armiesa
    has
    said.
    IEr: 1312
    8 " The silver is mine, and the gord is mine,'
    rlsa cu:s
    lsfl r#J:ll
    is the utterance of Jehovah of
    9 '' 'Greater will the glory of this later house
    become than [that of] the
    Jehovah of
    i '"I
    11. 11 pI:14
    rnx21:l
    armiesahassaid.
    11[Mn 1ill:13
    ~1212
    " 'And in this place I shall give peace,' is the
    IlVh n:6
    wyK,:H utterance of Jehovah of armies."av
    l a f ~2 4
    10 In the twenty-fourth [day] of the ninth
    a,:t.r
    [month],
    in the second year of Da.ritus, the
    g!J;:ji7
    word of Jehovah occurred to Hag'gai the prophY ~ X : lR e t , saying;
    ~
    l1 "This is what Jehovah of armiesa
    has said, 'Ask, please, the priests as t o [the]
    st*
    r l o i":li
    AXLO law,z saying: l e"If a mand carries holy flesh in
    t b b ,?.1:23 t h e skirt of his garment,and he actually touches
    1 In 7.25
    malt 2.7
    with his skirt bread or stew or wine or oil or
    'rJl 1 9
    *1,:3;'2~1.:37any swt of food, will it become holy?" ' "*
    M 1 23:19
    And the priests proceeded to answer and say:
    ne IO:I~
    'dN,,!"
    13 And Hag'gai went on to say: "If someone
    unclean by a deceased soulotouches any of these
    "#:
    i;- things, will it become u n c l ~ a n ? " ~

    "EL
    &${5,
    4 s

    $::

    +-

    Set* naggai ti : 2, footnote d. b "Desirable things" i bg a change of


    YOW(~I
    pointing of t h e ~ o r d
    in N. Ljterally, L'desirahIething," hut
    rvid~ntlgin a collective aensq for this vord is accompanied by a
    plurnl verb in 3L * 00 r,'nndthey, the: desirable thing of all the nalions, must some in."
    "A man." M, iah. Literally, "a soul." That
    i s , n dead soul. See Leriticua 21 :11,footnote b ; Kumbe1.s 6 : 6, footnote n. LXX, psy.cki?'; Vg, atnP'.naa.

    In turn, the priests answered and said: "It


    wDl become rmcIem."
    14 Accordingly Hag'gai answered and said:
    '' That is how this people is, and that Is how
    thjs nation is before me,'n is the utterance of
    J e h o v ~ h 'and
    ,
    that is how all the work of their
    hands is, and that which they present there, It

    their riders will certainly come down: each one


    by the sword of his brother.'
    23 " 'ln that day,' is the utterance of Jehovah of armies,n 'I shall take you, 0 Ze.rub'ba.be1
    the son of She.allti.cl, my sewscntlt is the utterance of Jehovah; 'and I shall certainly set you
    as a seal ring,c becnuss you Rre the one whom
    1have chosen," is the utterance of Jehovah of

    Pr 28:o
    Isn 1:11
    Isa L;4 :0

    [day] of the ninth [month], from the day that nl h! :r2:2Q


    1.5
    the foundation of t h e temple of Jehovah w~ls lI<IK
    Lu 15:17
    t1:zr
    5:2
    laid; set YOUR heart [on this J : 3"s there as yet z<,cR:EI
    the seed in the grain pit?a And as y ~ t the
    , vine
    and the fig tree and the pomegranate tree and
    the olive tree-it has not borne, has it? From
    IrQe 28:U
    this day I shall bestow blessing.' " U
    t n 26:4
    1232
    20 And the rvord of Jehovah proceeded t o Fs
    PC 3: 10
    occur a second time to Hag'g~ion t l ~ etwenty- hlt (i:33
    fourth [day] of the
    saylng: *"'Say to
    Ze.lub'ba.be1 the governor of Judah,Y 'I am
    rocking the heavens and the earth? And I
    shall certainIy overthrow the throne of kingOr, "storeroom."

    doms and annihilate the strength of the kingdoms of the nationsf*and I will overthrow [theJ
    chariot and its riders, and [the] horses and

    4Pr 15:8

    is ~nc1ea.n.'~
    107:48
    15 "'Eut new, please, set YOUR heartb [on ips
    Isn R12
    IEo 14:')
    thfs] from this day and forward, before there 31d
    2:2
    10:10
    was the placing of a stone upon a atone In the RII
    I I t b 3:12
    temple of Jehovah: IE
    from when tllase things W : L1-10
    ~
    happened to be--one came to a heap of twenty Z-c 4:9
    1:6
    [measures], and it proved to be ten; one came .Hng
    Zcc 8:IO
    41;2T
    t o the press vat to draw off fifty [measures] nlr;r?
    ,'in1 1:9
    of the wine trough, and it proved to be twenty;* ar)11
    B:B
    K;37
    " I struck you peopIe with scorchingnl and with J?!:hl i lu:15
    &:a
    mildew" and with hail,Cl<even all ihe werlr of 1< Isn ?8:3
    SS: 18
    YOUR hands'n and there was no one wit11 YOU 111's
    J1.F :?::?,I
    r
    :
    r
    :
    l
    1
    2s:22
    [tui~fnglto
    is the utterance of Jehovah1~ 9:13
    ~
    :3
    18 '' 'Set YOUR heart,%please, [on this I , from JA IPL5.l:n
    )
    this day and forward, from the twenty-fourth Rc!2:21
    TIP 9:s

    HAGGAI 2 :2LZECHARIAH 1:4

    349

    armies.'be
    --

    1:2, foot not^ d. This cxpmion, ''Jchovnh of


    a-turs 14 li~:it*$i t 1 Jlng'pik ~ ~ r u l ~ h ~ ~ y ,

    Saw Hnggni

    ap-

    nt~~+q,"

    ZECHARIAH"
    In the etghth month In
    second year
    Da1rltus'the word sf Jehovah occurred
    1
    Zech.a.~i'aho" the son of Berme.chi'ahhthe son
    the

    of

    to

    or Id'do" the prophet, saying: "Jehovah grew


    indignant a t roua fathers-very much s0.O
    3 'Xnd you must m y to them, 'This is what
    Jel~ovahof nmicsp11ns said : " 'Returnto me," 'is
    the utterance of Jehovah of amles,a 'and I shall
    return to row," Jehovah of armiesc has said." '
    4 "'Do not become like YOUR fathers" to
    whom the f o m r prophetsQ called,* saying:
    "T'his is what Jehovah of armies0 has said,
    'Return, please, from YOURbod ways and from
    YOUR bad dealings.' " 'Ic
    3ft~xning"Jehovnh Ens Rememhmed') ; nr, "Remembered by Jebovntl." b MI Bc.rekb.pnh'; na in 1 Chrnrliclra 9 : 20 ; 0: 10 1 Nehemiah
    3 : 4, 30 1 6 :18. c "Jehavnb of ~rrnivr.'~
    Jf, I'Vio-nlnlr' TsEbn.otkr.

    ' r l l i ~espw..sion

    OCCIUS

    $2 times- in %r~h.n.ri'nb'~~
    prophecy.

    ZECHARIAH 1:5-I1

    ZECHARIAH 1:12-17

    351

    350

    proceeded to anmer the angels of Jehovah who


    standing among the myrtle trees and to
    ,i2
    ;g3gu was
    say: "We have walked about in the earth,bn
    nit I:KI
    and, look! the whole earthtJis sitting still and
    ,b l i :<:>I
    r T d * 1:15
    ~
    Il'h5:3 , having no dist~rbance."~
    12 So the angel&of Jehovah answered and
    said:
    "0Jehovah of armies,c how long will: you
    commanded my servants, the prophets,t dld tJer 28:i5
    ;I ;?
    mhll 5.7
    U Z G ~3 8 : ~ ~
    yourself
    not show mercy "to JcrusnIern and to
    they not catch up with YOUR fathers?' '"1
    t A a h %:21
    Jer 414:28
    .fl:r 2j:rZ the cities of J u d a l ~ whom
    ,~
    you ~ R V Gdenounced
    So they returned and said: "Accardfng to """
    1111 9.2
    these
    seventy
    yc~m?''t
    zvr'f:s
    what Jehovah of armiesa had in mind to do to
    4kl
    .rlnr2:r:10
    13 And Jehovah proceeded to answer the anaccording to our mays and according to our
    .Jvr 3U:lD
    gj;:
    Am 9:11 gelawho was speaking with me,with good words,
    dealings, that is how he has done mith us."Y ,Z,l,$&,
    comforting words;u and the angela who was
    ,;;";?;.$1:3
    7 On the twenty-fourth [day] of the eleventh 2:!,$
    ,:1::,'i:i58 speaking wit11 mc went an to say to me: "Call
    month, that is, the month She'bat, In the second fi7!',2y643
    s what Jehovah of armiesa
    %cc'R.2b o u t , say in^, 'This i
    year of Da.rirus,=the word of Jehovah occurred tfi;&h)2f
    YJCP * l ~ : l f has said: "'I have be-en jealous for Jerusalem and
    Alll fi 1
    to Zech.a.rirah' the son of Ber.e.chi'shbthe son ;E",'g,
    1-11 For Zion with g r e ~ jt e a l o ~ s y .l 5~With great inI'l'h J:3
    of Id'do" the prophet, saying: "3: saw [in] the
    if!.IN:^
    dignation I am feeling Indignanto against the na1,. 40.2
    night, and, look! a mancAriding on a red horse,"eI:ii3
    that are a t ease;Y because 1, Tor my part,
    arqn 51:8
    and he was standing still among the myrtle' treea 4ggy ~ j ~ ~I r f b l ) l2:7 tions
    felt
    i
    n
    d i ~ n a n tto only n IiltIe extent,%but they,
    *
    r
    <
    ,
    r
    ;
    9
    P
    G
    that were in the deep p1ace;"nd
    behind hfm
    4,!::fl,
    for
    their
    pnrt, helped tow~rdcalamity." '*
    j$,lt?:{F
    there were horses red, bright red, and white."" @p;?
    .IIT 51 .)Y
    16
    "Therefore
    this is w h ~ Jel~ovah
    t
    has said,
    nltl1:n
    9 h d I proceeded to say: "Who are these, *I)n 7 18
    31 t 2.l:fi
    ,
    ,
    :7
    '
    "I
    shall
    certajnIy
    return
    to
    Jerusalem
    with
    my lord?"e7
    ZI.C_.!
    I<r . IIS
    rne~rics.~
    My
    own
    h
    b
    ~
    ~
    wlll
    s
    ~
    "
    be
    built
    in
    her,""
    C:'"l':"
    '
    0
    1
    %
    (
    ~
    32:f
    At that the angelm who was speaking with
    is the utterance af Jehovah of armies,"'md a
    %l*C F: 3
    me said' to me: "'Imyself shall show you who
    B,?':;' '
    "Im.fr
    6:14 measuring line itself will be stretched out o m
    1 . r k 1 F:26
    thew very ones are."
    l c i~:.75 Jelwsalem.'' ' 0
    l l l l f i 1:11
    10 Then the manc who was stmdlng still
    *.r+?r
    31:38
    17 "Call mlt further, saying, ''I'his is what
    among the myrtle Wees answerd and said:
    I:/<,'10:3
    Jehovah
    of armiesa has said: "My cities wiZT yet
    zfbr.
    2:1
    "These are the ones whom Jehovah has sent kpa 91!11
    overflorv
    mith goodness;' and Jehovah will yet
    :!~?~l"?i!
    H 103:Z
    forth to walk about in the earth,"glr '1 And they eb l:l4
    ,I ,,'1) 1:vL:13
    ~ . ( icertainly feel regrets over Ziona and yet actually
    S !9
    8 e a verse 3, footnote c, b M, Be.reklb,ucn'hzt; n.9 in J. Chroniclas
    choose Jerusdem, 11 S '1"
    32
    .- 0 : 89; 15: 17; 2 Chronicles 2s: 12, "lfsn.?)1
    ' , id!.6 Or, "tho

    "+But they did not Bsten, and they paid no


    attention t o me,'n is the utterance of Jehovah. nJJ;fip8
    5 " 'As for YOIJRfathers, where are they?P rE:yz7
    And as for the prophets," was it to t h e indef- f l ~ I * b ~ ~ l : ~
    inite that they continued to live? However, as
    regards my words and my regulations that I

    11 1

    C'i

    18

    -:st

    %L.C

    nl)yw,'' 31, mcf8u.!fik'; Trg, pr~.ftlm'd~~m;


    T, "Bltbylon [or, B~'hel]."
    "Lord," M, a - d a d * I J I , By"d.os; Vg, rlo'e~i.wvs. Wr, ''mcasenger." 31, rnia.~akle/l Z T ,a~'ge.loa; T'g, cta'gc.lns, U Or, "'land,'"

    M,

    trpefs.

    Or, Lrmessenger,''M, mn.lnLh> La=, adge.los; Tg, n.n'ger.Ius.


    or, "land" M, rr'eta, "Jehornh of a ~ m i s s , " 3IVgT; "Jehovah
    nl~nighty."( 3 y X . o ~pnn.to.Pm'tbr), L L Y . Reo v m e 3, footnote e.
    d Sec Zechariah 1 :3, footnote c.
    b

    ZECHARIAH 2 :6-10
    18 And I proceeded to raise my eyes and see;
    and, look! there were four horns?
    I said to
    the angela who was speaking with me: "What
    are these?" In turn he said to me: "These are
    the horns .that dispersed Judah,k IsraeP and
    Jerusalem.' I r
    20 Furthemore, Jehovah showed me four
    craftsmen.= 81 At that I said: "What are these

    2:17

    E I s a =:I

    then, from the land of the


    is the utterance of Jehovah.
    "For in the direction of the four windsb of
    the
    heavens I have spread YOU people wbroad,"O
    OJ",",y;y
    Eze 5:lZ is t h e utterance of Jehovah.
    + ~ $2:2
    a
    7 "Hey there, Zion!' Make your escape, you
    Mic 4:10
    who are dwelling with the daughter of Bab48:m
    For this is what Jehovah of armiesd
    Jer 90:8 y1on.c"
    Re 18:4
    has
    said,
    'Following after [the] glory" he has
    ' 1" 60:lS
    Isa 6 6 : ~sent me t o the nations that were despoiling You
    " 2 242
    ~
    people;' fw he that is touching YOU peoplek is
    lllc 431
    touching my eyeballtell For here I am waving
    1>?;1"%14
    hand against them,' and they wiIl have to
    ~
    ;;:;IsIsa 24:2 my
    become spiI t o their slaves.'~And YOU people
    will certainly know that Jehovah of armiesd
    tJer B : B himself has sent me.t
    10 "Cry out loudly and rejoice, 0 daughter
    of
    ;g giaO Z i o n ; ~for here I am corning,v and 1 will reAJer 1:14

    ln2K1
    $$&!F:1x29
    2Ki 176

    :2j 2:;:;

    1'2cIl36:zo

    Hnb 3:14

    SMIC 5:s
    coming to do?"
    And he went on to say: "These are the horns
    that dispersed Judah t o such an extent that no
    one at all raised his head; and these others will
    come t o set them trembling, to cast down the
    horns of the nations that are lifting up a horn
    against the land of J ~ d a hin
    , ~order to disperse
    ~ F 7S5 4
    her."t
    Ps 110:5
    And I proceeded to raise my eyes and see; Mlc 5:8
    and, look! there was a man,c and in his
    ]:la
    hand3 a measuring ropeeU So I said: "Where "Ia1
    uEze 40:3
    Zec 1:16
    are you going?"
    Re 11:l
    In hun he said t o me: "To measure Jerusalem, in order to see what her breadth amounts
    ~ J e 31:39
    r
    to and what her length amounts to."'
    Eze 45:6
    3 A n d , look! t h e angela who was speaking EFg8jk5
    with me was going forth, and there was another angela going forth to meet him. Then he Jer m:~a
    31:24
    said t o him: "Run, speak t o the young man Jer
    y er 3 3 : ~ o
    Eze 36:10
    over there, saying, "'As open rural country IIIC T:U
    JerusaIem will be inhabited, because of the p
    G EfB
    multitudeo of men and domestic3 animaIs in&;:31:%
    the midst of her.Y And I myseIf shaU be- zza$621
    come t o her," is the utterance of Jehovah, g.1926
    "a wall3 of fire a11 a r o ~ n dand
    , ~ a glory is what OEX i.i:n

    a Or, "messenger."' Bee Zechmiah 1 : 0, footnote f.


    XVgX y ; "Jehovah," LXX. ''A man." M, id.

    f; shall becornea in the midst of her." "'"


    *2a32:18
    ~e21:23
    6 "Hey there! Hey there!" Take YOUR flight,

    b "Judah,"

    "I shall become." Or, "I &all prove to be." &


    eh.ysb'.
    I
    , Bee Exodus 3 : 14, footnote d. "Winds," 31,n$"Et'7cP, in the plural number;
    LXX, atne.moi; Tg, uela't!. See Genesis I : 2, footnote d Ua'Babylon," E m g ; "Ba'bal:'
    hISyT, d See Zechariah 1: 3, footnote c,
    <'My ejreball." Thia is where one o f th.hs Eighteen Emcnrlations
    of the Sopherim, or tipqatrei sopherim, occurred. Rays Ginsburg's
    I?ai?+qodzscfionfo the Jlrassorstieo-Griticrrl Edition of ths Hebrew
    Bible (1897), on page 359 : "Here the original roarling, which JTas :
    'he that toueheth you toucheth tho apple of ( 9 3 ' V ) my rye', has
    I:een altered by Ihe Sopherim into: 'lie that toucheth ~ o toucheth
    u
    the apple of (U'Y) his eye, i,e, as if one were to touch the apple
    of his 0 1 t 8 ? b eye. Though 'the eye of the Lord' is not ~mf~equentlv
    used in the Bible yet 'the apple of my e p ' (137P rial) occurs no
    rrhare else. It,mae, therefore, regarded derogatory t o the Deit,y that
    he llimself ~EIhoUld~ s c r i hto~ himself so pronounced an anthropoinorphatic feature. Hence in accordance with tho rule which nnderlies these alteratmrls We Pod ( 7 ) was changed iuto Yarr (1) as
    i n the case of the alteration exbibiteil in No. 9 [Jeremiah 2: ll]."
    Compare Genesis 18 ; 28, footnote a.
    a

    ZECHARIAH 2 :11--3:5

    355

    354

    side in the midst of yon,"Y is the utterance of


    Jehovah, ll"And many nations wlI1 certainly
    hecome jolned to Jehovah in t l l n t d~ty,'and they

    Y2Cofi:lfl
    gEiP
    "pnI:27

    will ~cttiallybecome my ~>eople;'and I will re- ,$;f;:$


    .*:4..,3
    side in the midst of you.''n Al?d youa mill have cl.:ro
    a n ~"..i
    to know that Jehovah of armiest) 11irnseIf has
    ;:
    sent me to you.":
    And Jehovah mill certainly F, I.$? .I
    talre possession of Judah R a his portion upon ei: ,?; fi'
    the holy ground,b and he must yet choose Jeru- ,:;.'1&;;

    g:

    ~ a l e m . ~Keep silence, all flesh, before Jeho- &yt,y2


    vah,' far he has mused hjmscJfl'from his holyz ;:;./;;,-,
    , rkn 2s 11
    dn~elllng.'
    kg:(:;,7
    And he proceeded to show me Joshuacvthe r3,BH,fi"
    high prjest standing before the angeld of $&52:,l"

    Jehovah, and Satansk standing at his right9 ,'2;R,J$


    hand in order to resist hirn.9' W n d [the angel .j:$;:,!;Go
    of 1 Jehovaht proceeded to say to Sataxe' ;Fy~C;33
    "Jehovah rebuke you, 0 Satan,'" yes, Jehovah
    rebuke you, he who is choosing derusalemlt Is RO M::O
    'this one not a log snatched out of the fire?"u
    J w l r !1
    3 Now as for Joshua,O he happened to be t2~11::fi
    clothed In befouledK garments and standing 3se- ZG*i?~ai
    fore the angeImdVThen he answered and said ?kdt15
    I3:l &I
    3"rs
    I(
    to those standing before him: "'Remove the "2'"
    ~ f :Hi:25
    c
    Lefouled garments from upon hirn,"Y And he :-:_:.
    Oq:t 12'13
    went on to say to him: "See, I have caused your ;q g:t,
    error t o pass away from upon you," and there b;t;la
    *!\a 6 1 9
    is a clothing of you with robes of state.""
    Isn 11i1.10
    5 At that 1 said:$ "Let them put a clean ;:P
    iA
    ,;i 1

    t;

    ai'Koa.'9112 tlre feminine p n d c r , singulmr number, En adrlianrr to


    tho "rlnnatita. of Zion." Scr Zecllrlri~ih 3 : 3, footnote e , a 11,
    I ' b b ~ . ~ k r r ' r i >J,XXTTg, "JFSIIS."
    RPF I lt*hl+c~uw
    4: 8 foolnote e. d C)I-,
    I ,: LXT, 110 D i d ''~nc~srt~mr."
    Or, '.the Resister? JI, brrs-Sa.tn~
    ba./r~r; VR, Bit"t!ra.""hc
    nngrl [nl~sxmgcrjof Jehovah," Ky;
    i'Juhc~mtl,"~ ~ L d X Xg~or,
    g . "tilthy"; thnt i q , from ~xurrtnpntA.
    h !'At t l ~ t I~ sflid,"
    t
    JIISyT; " d ~ t dh c t;r~id,"f'g ; bnErni~~ingftmm
    L.YS.

    ZECHARIAH 3:64:2

    'turban upon his head."" A n d they proceeded to


    put the clean turban upon his head and to clothe
    him with garments; and the angeln of Jehovah
    was standing by. BAndthe angeln of Jehovah
    began t o bear witness to Joshu~,"yilying:
    ' "This is whnt Jehovah of armiesc has said, 'If
    ~ l 2:3~ it
    r is .inmy whys that you will walk, and if it is
    Eze 44:8
    my obligation that you will keep," then ~ l s oit
    t n e 1;.:9
    will be you t h a t ill judge my hause" and also
    5:22 keep my courtya~ds;~
    and I shaI1 certajnly give
    you fme access among these frmhoare standing
    4Rs 3:5
    by.'*
    ~ P 71:~
    s
    Isa 8:1a
    8 " 'Henr, please, 0 Joshuab the high priest,
    I S R m:3
    Eze 12:11 YOU and your companions who are sitting heEze 2 4 2 4
    fare you, for they are mena [serving] as porn
    ICO 4:g
    ~ Q here
    F
    I am bringing in my sel-vant*
    ;:1
    ; ,25i3 tents;~:'
    Sprout!["
    I' For, look! the stonek that I hnve put
    i; $'& before Jodlua!b Upon the one stone there are
    1
    1st 5:,2
    Jcr 23:s seven eyes,rn Here I arn engraving its engravJer 71.15 .
    k P ~ i i k 2 2mg,}''is the utterance of Jehovah of ~ i m l e s , ~
    IRA
    2S:16
    J r t 21:42 'and I will take away the error of that land in
    1Pe 2:4
    l l ~ 16:9
    ~ h one
    R e 5:B
    10 1 b 'In that day,' is the utterance of Jehovah
    ks1?26i:Tof strmies,c 'YOU win call, each one to the other,
    while under [the] vineQ and while under [the]
    :;;;3$$,9,
    Zcc l 3 : l fig tree,' "1
    llICi 4 25
    Isa m.16
    And the angel8 who was speaking with me
    I G j C 4.4
    proceedecl t o come back and wake me up,
    mas:* like a man that is an7akened from Ills steep.u
    rJer 1:11
    ? Then he sald to me: "'What are you ~ e e l n g ? " ~
    zec 5:2

    cEE;"

    Or, 'lmsacnjier," " l l , Fbho.,sh~'n'; LSXTg, '~JPR~I~I,''


    Bee Heljrerrs4: 5,footnote G. n Rre Xerh~riahI : 3, fnntnota r, d ('BTrn,'91,
    n.m'/.ski~~'; the plarnt nunthrr of i d . * lihrslly, "'mm of portenf
    [tokw, or, mntlrr] ," $1, fidSprouL" M8Tse'1tlnl111.Conlpnre Isnieh
    4: 2, footnote b ; ,for~iniah*B: 5 ; 35: 15. g Or, "xcrm p ~ i nof
    e~e~:' as the ~ o r dfor "rgca" i s in the dnnl ~ ~ ~ ~ m
    in h11.
    er

    ZECHARIAH 4 :3-A0

    356

    ZECHARIAH 4: 11-5: 4

    So I said: "I have seen, and, Iook! there is a ~~~~;~


    bEh-%9 .of Jehovah.' They are roving about in all the
    52:~
    Jcr 16:17 earth,"
    lampstand, all of it of gold,x with a bowl On top JReer 1:12
    of it." And its seven lampsQare upon it, even sgIF;D
    I II And I proceeded to answer and say t o
    seven;' and the lamps that are at the top of it
    'him: "What do these two olive trees on the
    CMt 6:15
    have seven pipes. And there are two olive trees
    right side of the lampstandg and on its left side
    alongside i t , O one on he right side of the bowl og
    'mean?"'
    l a Then I answered the second time and
    ,:I
    '?::if:
    Re 11:4
    and one on i t s left side.''
    said t o him: "What are the two bunches of
    4 Then I answered and said t o the angela who
    twigs8 of the olive trees that, by means of the
    was speaking with me, saying: ''What do these
    two golden tubes, are pouring forth from within
    I
    [things] mean, my lord?"aA So the angela who ',D8,;i6
    themselves the golden [liquid] ?"
    was speaking with me answered and said to me: Re 7:W
    13 So he said to me: "Do you not really know
    "Do you not really know what these things
    what
    these [things] mean?"
    4Mr 4:13
    45
    In
    turn
    I said : "No, my lord."be
    +Ps139:6
    In turn I said: "No, my lord."b*
    SEX 14:4
    14
    Accordingly
    he said: "These are the two
    20:l
    6 Accordingly he answered and said to me: 1Ki
    Isa 43:17
    anointed
    onescA
    who
    are standing alongside the
    "~;~~&
    "This is the word of Jehovah to Ze.rub%a.bel, "ig:?,ig
    d, II (b! :I,I:{
    ~
    ~
    :4'll
    ( ~ ~ Lordd of the whole earth,"*
    11'47
    l s l l 5.1:s
    saying, ' "Not by a military force,@ nor by 1%
    ,
    ,:i
    Then I raised my eyes again and saw; and,
    Liic 4-13
    power," but by my spirit,"d3 Jehovah of arlrJrr .W.2
    look! a flying scra1l.k * So he said t o me:
    Em z:9
    miese has said. Who are you, 0 great moun- ;%f;g12
    ~ ( b:1
    1
    TVhat:
    are you seeing?"*
    I
    ~r%ur!
    4:2
    tain?' Before Ze.rub'ba.bela [you will become] E~
    4;3,j
    In
    turn
    I said: "I: am seeing a flying scroll,
    a level land. And he will certainly bring forth
    the
    length of which is twenty cubits, and the
    ri-~:;!:~~
    the headstone,t There will be shoutingsu to it, aEzr3:2
    rDe p 0 2 S breadth of which is ten cubits.''
    "How charming! How charming!" ' "v
    N e%121
    1
    ~1:1
    3 Then he said to me: "This is the curse that
    8 And the word of Jehovah continued t o oc- tpalg::z
    1s
    going forth over the surface of all the earth,'
    .Tur Sti:U
    Jm-fl%1:(i
    cur t o me, saying: "The very hands of Ze.rubJ"J::,
    because
    everyone that isstealing,~accordingto
    ~ t 1 14:1i
    nng.11.
    ba.bel have laid the foundation of this house,r ,"p"Z;j:l
    ~15%
    z
    o
    m
    i
    t
    :
    on
    this
    side, has gone free of punishment; and
    and his own hands will finish [it] .Z And you tviIl ~-p,"
    pr 2!~:2.1
    eveiyone
    making a sworn oath,t according t o it
    .lcr
    79
    have to know that Jehovah of armiese himself
    It0 4:2
    z~Ez;&;
    on
    that
    side,
    has gone free of punishment. "I
    i
    t
    e
    19:u
    has sent me t o YOU people.* lo For who has de- * z e c F:X
    have
    caused
    it
    to go forth,' is the utterance of
    !{$!$il
    spised the day of small things?" And they will u
    g&:l;
    ,Jehovahof arrnies,e 'and it must enter into the
    certainly rejoiceA and see the plummetf in t h e *Isa m1.r
    hand of Ze.mb'ba.be1, These seven are the eyes
    ~ " U u n c h eof~ ~t+ivigs,'"I, shib.bo'kst7~ in the plural numbs*; possi-

    ;zr

    a$,$a

    ;:2

    --

    Or, *fn~esseng~r,"
    b"My lord." 31, a.clo.wi', See Zeohariah 1: 9,
    hotnote e. Or, "rital energy,'! i'Spi~it.'' U, r~a'af~la;LXX,
    ps8ezitlnn; T7g,8pil"k.t~is.See Genesis 1:3, footnote d. * See Zechariah 1 : 3, fuotnote o, f Literally, "the stane [or, weight], the tin," M,
    a

    hly, the ends of the oliva boughs. Compare "Shibtbo.leth" in Judgea


    12 : 6, footnote o. b See verso 4, footnote b, $'Anointed ones."
    Litwally, "sons of the oil," 115rg; "sons of fattiness," L X X S y ;
    "sons of princes? T,d "The Lord." BI, A.dd~a'; LXX, ,ko IZy'ri.os;
    Yg, Da.nai.naptor. * See Zechariah 1.: 3, footnote a.

    ZECHARIAH 5:5-I1

    358

    house of the rhiefOand Into the house of the one


    making a sworn oath in my name falsely; and
    it must lodge in the midst of his house md exterminate it and its timbers and its stones.' "U U$#:J
    5 Then the angelawho was speaking with me JBb 5;3
    went forth and said to me: "Raise your eyes,
    please, and see what this is that is going forth."
    6 So X said: "What Is It?''
    la:m
    In turn he said: "This is the e'phahYmeasureb VEX
    Etc .15:10
    that is going forth." And he rvent: on to say: Am 8:s
    "This Is their ain all the earth."d And,
    loolr! the circuIar lid of lead was lifted tap; and
    this 1s a certain woman sitting in t h e midst of
    the e'phahaha So he said : "This is Wickedness."~ &?;it
    A n d he pmceeded t o throw her [back] into the IT^ 2:10
    midst of t h e e'phah,b after which he threw the
    lead weight upon its mouth.
    9 Then I raised my eyes and saw, and here
    there were ttvo wornen cornha forth, and wind"
    was h their wings, And they had wings Like
    the wings of the stork, And they gradually

    i'

    mlKl

    'z:

    1,

    11 In turn he said t o me: "In order to buildz


    for her a house in t h e land of Shi'nar:f' and it: ; 2 g;&
    m;o
    must be Amly established, and she must be -8:
    G C 14:1
    fstt 1 1 : l l
    deposited there upon her proper place*''
    Dn lm3

    "'c~?*e,'q;\IV~;
    "l~nrjghteousn~sq,"
    L S I ; "Jcl,t,'" Sr, d Or, "lnnd."
    31, cr'~1.p. '.Winrl." 31, rr'ablt; L-YX, prwrt'lrrn; Vg, spir'i.ttrr. Ses
    I;rnerriri 3 :5 footnote d. "Shi'nax," hI; s~trnactr,Z"g; "Bnbylon,")
    LSSG yT.

    mountzlins were copper rnounaafns. In the first


    ' j 8 chariot there were red horses;' find in Ihe sec'x4'" "6
    ond chariot, black horses." And in the third
    1 : ~6:5
    r ~ ' ~ ~ : f ~chariot
    .~
    thew were white horse^;^ and in the
    ICc 6;:
    ~ta-y:ir fourth chnriot, horses speckled, ~~lrti-colored,'
    '%r'c1x7
    4 And I proceeded to answer and say to the
    angeln who was speaking with me: "ZVhat are
    these, my Iord?"ll'.
    $:0
    5 So the angela answered and sald to me:
    " T h e s ~m e the four spiritsc of the hewens that
    "*?,O;:Q
    ,
    nrp enlng Tnr(11' nftw having talccn their station
    ,,,,, ,:,,
    h ~ f n rIII(!~ 501.6t1.'H
    of the whalr rarllz." h a for
    :;I!ht:$R
    Ihr
    nnr"
    in
    w
    l
    ~
    j
    c
    h
    the
    black horses w e , they are
    ..Ill
    t i
    ~
    o
    i
    n
    g
    fot'th
    to
    the
    land
    of the north;" and as for
    la!%1:1:i
    8ll:*i:5
    the
    white
    ones,
    they
    must
    go forth to behind
    li;tmc .#.l.$
    t hr! sctl;' nnd ns for the specklec?ones, they must
    .
    I
    ,llll' 1,li
    go fotlth t o lhc land of the soulh.wv And as for
    .,,.,.2:
    , 1:m 1.3 the partl-colored~ones,theymustgoforth and
    kccp scclciny: Lwhere] to go, in order to walk
    about
    in the! eallh."' Then he said: "Go, wdk
    lyrl:;;;7,
    ttllout
    1t 1 a
    ~ir1E l . "
    And theyll Zwgan walking
    ; ;J, a l ~ o u tinLn Ihc
    carth.u
    R And hc proceeded to cry out to me and
    spcalr to mc, saying: "See, those going forth to
    !the land of the north are t h e ones that have
    Or, "memcngcr." b "3fy lord." M, an.do.ni'; LXX, kk!t'ri.on; Tg,
    '

    ,e'phah ? "b

    the nirtrio yistcln, 36.9liters enrli~i;nnd 40.5 litem later. Liternlly,

    1 2 )

    raised the e'phahh up between the earth and the


    heavens. IoSo I said to the angela who mas
    speaking wit11 me: "Where are they taking the

    Or, "mcssange~a," An erphnh mensure cqunlett I bushel, 3 quart8


    nnd &,2pinta. It co~~esponds
    will1 the liqnirl-menaure bath. 01; in

    Then I raised my eyes again and saw; and,


    Iook! there !\?ere four chariotsr' corning
    forth from between two mountains,ln snd the

    YE

    f r ; d1:43
    ~

    0 L'Rl)ir~tn,''M rzc'akh (in pTnt6nl ~~umlaer)


    : LXXZ'r," ~ i n d a ? % ~Ccnc~lq
    o
    1 : I?, !oohnote d. "Tho Lord," M, Andchf;

    ~ a ~ ~ ' ~ i . I?) ~tRt' Ht #~.

    I,,YX, ho K g ' t - i . ~ VE.


    ~ ; Da.ni.ndtor. ."The nnn." hi thn Prmi~iioe
    pnrler, to w f r r to cl~nriot (Irlninit~e)." 9 c l ~ i l l d t h ~on." By n
    nEi~hCchmge ill 31. Litrmllp, "nfter them," IdX..'i"l'~: not in tho
    RnlClP direction, b~tt tarmi.11 the west, t o ~ n r dIbt- CllmwtSfin, the
    3LrtEimaner1n, gflThr anritlt,'l MLXXT-g8yT. Hat-tei.atnar, 31,
    h "'l'l~ey!' In the Pcmininc gnlder, tr7iBpossible refercace to "'spirit?."

    ZECHARIAH 6:-14

    360

    caused the spiritv of JehovahR to rest En the vi2 fit4


    yJrr ~ : 4 8
    land of the north."^
    E:re 5:13
    9 And the word of Jehovah continued to ,
    ;
    :; !Tj:2
    occur to me,saying: " "Let there be a taking Ti;: ;:,g
    of something from the exiledz people, [even] +;p$g
    from Hel'dai and from To.blrjah and from ~]:i:.ys
    Je.datiah; and you yourself must come In t h ~ tI:, 21:a
    day, and you must came into the house of A!:",;'?!?
    Jo.sitah the son of Zeph.a,ni'ah' [with these] glt!$il"
    who have come from Babylon." And you must ,:;;; x2,
    t ~ k esilver and gold and make a grand erawnc"
    and put [it] upon the head of Jos tluad' the son I; ;if;
    of 3e.hm'adak3the high priest. lZ And you must zaq1 3 : ~
    h f r 15.39
    say to him, 'This is what Jehovah of armiese m~:a
    4i
    has said: "Here is the manp wwhose name is
    SproutOB
    And from his awn place he will sprout, f: 15;:;and he wilI certainly build3 the temple of Jeho- .:.;;; ,l;:z
    vah.' IS And he himself will Z>uild the temple of
    a;;;
    Jehovah, and he himself will carry [the] dig- yk!%l, $;:
    nlty;* and he must sit down and rule an his ,',!;tlr3;,R
    throne? and he must become a priest upon hfs j>,'5j$24
    and the very ccounseIc of peace wf11 prove
    h
    :t
    to be between both of them." I r And the grand l:";;,l;?;k
    #.h ,$.la
    crownu itself wiIl come to belong to He'lernh II 'lrtr
    G . 3
    and te To.bitjah and to Jeda'iah and to Henk "2;

    1
    1

    i s tnkcu to he the abbrwiation of the nnmc Trho.~~.rrTs',


    ina~cmlo f
    ~tnndirlrf o r tha fil-st-lwr501>.sill~t1l~lr-n111111)(11'
    prortonn "ray," 8ca
    1Inl)nkliul; 3 : 19 footnote a. lwg!>
    "my eglrit"; LSS, "my n n ~ ~ r ' ' ;
    1', ''[da] my TTLII.~' b r ' B n b ~ l o ~L~S, S V p ; iLf3n'l,tll,'J JrGy!l". ' 0 "4
    pranil cromn," T ; "a crorru," L Z , T m f l n ~ ~ f l c l h l p t p S y' ;i c r o ~ n ~ J ' v
    blLXXUTrg,Compare lrerse 14, footnote g, 8 e o Xed~nrinh3 r 1,
    I'oatnote c, * S e e Zechariah 1:3, footrlotc o, '"The mau." Ji, I'sT!;
    L A X ,cr.mPb; Vg, uir. g "G~antlc s o ~ n , "ILternllg, "crowns;' but being
    nccompmied by a verb in tho silrp?rlni+nulnbrr; hcncr npl)raling
    l a Ihe ln the plural number of excellence nr grniiil~~tr,
    h "llc'l~w,''
    3lTgT ; '.Hel'dai," Sy. "Ben," JIT; Nrm, T'g; "Jo.$irr(h," SJ .

    son of Zegh.a.nlfahr as e memorlalQsIn the


    temple
    of Jehovah. '"nd
    those who are far
    Jsffl 4:7
    away mill come and actually build in the tempIe
    oaf Jehovah."L And YOU people! tvjll have to know
    lrm
    Ixn m
    m:lo
    6
    that Jehovah of ~ n n j e s nhimself has sent me to
    "m4:8
    YOU,^ And I t must occur-if
    YOV will without
    v.l"r 3:23 fai1 listen to the voice of Jehovah y o n God.' l f V
    Furthermore, it came about that in the
    fourth year of Dn.rlturrY the king the word
    y1ra.c
    f i r e :2l:
    410
    a!c 1:1
    of Jehovah occurred to Zechpa.rlrah, an the
    fourth [day] of the ninth month, [that is,] in
    ""@':1
    ChisPlev.b* And Bethkl proceeded to sendu
    .lcr
    Shar-e'zer and Regkm-mel'ech and his menc to
    'YTP
    W E:
    7:17
    10
    1.. 3 x 1 soften the f ~ ~ c
    ofe m T ~ I ~ ~
    "snying
    ~ ~ h ,ton the
    1Sn 13:13
    priesW
    who
    Ixllongecl
    ta the house of Jel~wah
    i I
    *!or 2(;:19
    of ~ r n l e s and
    , ~ to the prophets, wen saying:
    .
    Vrc
    , :.I 1:15 r r Shall I weep in the fifth month, p r a d c i n g an
    2,7
    abstinence,d the way I have done these 0 how
    6N"a8:s
    many years?""
    NI* f):1
    t.r. :<:.I
    4 And the word of Jehovah of armiesa con1 ~ ~~ z ~i a
    1
    !
    tinued t o occur t o me,saying: "'Say to all the
    people of the landn and to the priests, 'When
    you f a s t ~ d 'and there wtlas a w ~ i l l n gin the fifth
    r mont 11 I nncl, in t lic scvcnth [month 1 , and this
    for
    scventy yenrs,' did YOU rently fast to me,
    ; ; ;6
    1::;?;
    1 - 1 1 1
    even
    me?' And when YOU would eat and when
    !\fit 58: 1
    ~ t f i :
    YOU
    would
    drink, mere not YOU the o n B doing
    1'1)l 2 2 3
    the eating, and were not POW the ones doing the
    55:s
    drinking? [ Sl~ouldYOU] not [obeyJ the words*
    I ,<*'I,

    ":'
    the
    ti:"10

    4,i~
    m:12
    *

    1i;:+

    "The spirit of Jehovah.'' In the Hebrc~vexpression the finnl god

    ZECHARIAH 6 :15--7:
    7

    361

    --

    SOPZcchnriah 1 : 9, footnote a, ''Phi~'lev,"Tho post-exile name


    ,IS Lhe ninth Jewish hrilnr nlonth,, whicll ~ I llu
    I witllin November and
    I lc%c-cb~nbcr.
    c "Men
    31, o.,~ii,nhrM': the p l ~ ~ r n
    ~iumhez.
    l
    of is?&.

    * "T'racticblg an

    ."

    nhstinence." Tho J ' l e l ~ r mrcrh in ht for this espiv~siuni~ in the infinitive absolrrt~nnrl thrrefnr'e is ittdefh~iteas
    ln tinle and is imprrsannl. *'f'coplc of the lnnll." 31[, k r n Irii-rrdeta.
    h i t

    linggai 2 : 4, footnote d.

    ZECHARIAH 7:8-14

    362

    ZECHARIAH 8 :1-9

    that Jehovah aH& out by the hand of the


    former prophets," while Jerusalem happened t o y:S,P&T
    be Inhabited, and at ease, wit11 her cities all
    around her, and [while] the Negteb*ll and the "Fp
    %&
    She.phe'lahbr were inhabited?' "
    rnr
    lich 1:'i
    2228
    8 And the word of Jehovah continued to 2c'1*In
    occur to Zech.a.ritah, saying: "This Is what
    Jehovah of armiesc has said, 'With true justiced .DO la:la
    do YOUR judging;" and carry on loving-kindnessnt &?12

    i:

    and mercies themselves with one another;'"r; \tjQ12


    la
    and defraud no widowv or fatherIess bay? ~;~;yc~;;~
    no alien resident2 or afRicted one,' and scheme v~s;l;;n;;:
    out nothing bad against one another in voua );;;if;?:

    hearts," But they kept refusing to pay atten- rl-:, ? J . ~ #


    tion," and they kept giving a stubborn shoulder,"KF $i:i4
    and their ears they made too unresponsive to ,,,,;,;'
    hear.' " And their h e a e they set as nn emery qYe!H:.;I,
    stone to keep from obeying the law' and the $;r17;;?,,
    ~vards that Jehovah of armies-sent
    by his F;!I~;ZI~
    splrit,f by the hand of the former prophets;" ;fi;,":iim;
    4:Tci
    so that there occurred great indignation on the
    -1.11 b : l u
    part of Jehovah of armies."c"
    mr:rc 2::
    "1.n 4,l:lR
    13 " 'And it will occur that, just ns he called r.11 1:; ,+
    and they did not listen," so they will call and E '
    :$k]
    shall not listen,'r Jehovah of armiesc has said. ~ ~ ~ ~ l
    l4 'And I shall tempestuously hurl them t h r o u ~ h - ;jc;.';,T
    out all t h e nations$that they have not known;"/;,~ g;
    and the land itseIf will certainly be left desolate r;:',?;;
    "n ~3
    behind them, with no one passing through R1.r
    1 29:fi.b
    and wit11 no one r e t ~ r n i n g ;and
    ~ they will t~,,, : s , n ~
    make the desiraisle landv an object of astonish- ,;'ryFii!?2
    "#."I

    rrt,

    :,

    Wh .'+6,21

    .Or,
    ment,'

    "

    V ~ U R. D

    '%he south"; that B, the southern pnrt of nnoi~ntPnlestinc.


    Or, "the Lowiands." See Zwhnrinh 1 :3, footnote a, Or, more
    liternliy, "with the judgment of tnttbp 31. Or, "IoynE love." JI,
    hlre~*erl.''"ppirit.!' M, r~t'akh; LXX, ~ ~ I C I ~ A I NITgp
    ;
    ~piv'i.lua.
    b

    And
    of Jehovah of armiesa continued
    occur, saying: "'This is what
    8
    Jehovah of armjesfi has said, 'I will
    the word
    to

    'I
    1
    I

    Dse jealous
    for Zion with great jealousy, and with great
    rage X will be jealous for her,' " y
    3 "mis jg what Jehovah has said, 'I will rey;io turn to Zion' and reside in the midst of Jewsa1em;k and Jerusalem will certainly be called
    I < g e&
    !::;
    ~ o 3:17
    e
    the
    city of trueness,I1l and the mountainr of
    nrsa 1:26
    Isa 6 0 : ~Jehovah of aimies, the holy mountain.' "I
    Jer 33:16
    rlsa 2:2
    4 "This is what Jehovah of armiesRhas said,
    RPS 48.1
    I a n 11:g
    There
    will yet sit old men and old memen in
    i<ii 65-20
    the public squares of Jemsakrn,t each one also
    trs-a 632.3 with hjs stafF" in his hand because of the abunuxu 21.1s
    dance of [his] days. And the pubIic squaws
    of the city themselves wjll be filled with boys
    'TP,S,z;Zand girls playing in her public square^.' "v
    $!j27 6 'tThi~is what Jehovah of armies&has said,
    Mt11:16
    'Although it should seem too djfRcultc in the
    eyes of the remalnlng ones of this people in
    ,::~g
    ~~b 422 those days, should it seem t o o dlfflculta also in
    9;EiiT my eyes?'y Is the utterance of Jehovah of ar-

    ":;

    ;:,

    3fr 10:n
    Lu 1.3'7

    miamF*a

    7 "This is what Jehovah of armiesa has said,


    'Here
    I am saving my peopleo from the Iand of
    BPS1023
    C ~ h m : lthesunriserand from thelandof thesettingof
    cJer 3 17 the sun,' "And
    I shall certainly bring them in,
    me ii:a
    and
    they
    must
    reside in the midst of Jerusa;30:22
    :%
    ALe
    Jer 26:12
    I
    ,m;n and they muat become my people: and
    Eze ,
    1:
    ~,
    ,
    2 0I mysell shall becorned their GodB En trueness
    and in righteousness.' v 4
    :::
    Yer 4:2
    9 "This i g what Jehovah of armiesa has said,
    Re 213

    i f h e' G e v . 6

    ,,
    z$7

    I: 3, footnote c. Or, "truth [hn-em,etd]," 0 &,


    "aonderfuLn ELT, "impossible." d '&I, , rhall become."
    cJr.yek"; campare Exodua 3 : 14, footnote d. "O;orE!"t,
    EE.o-A~~~
    'See Zechariah

    ZECHARIAH 8:16-23

    'Let the hands of mu pmple be strong; you +;Egg


    who are hearing in these days thcse words from g,"gF,:
    the mouth of t h e prophet~,0an the day on which e ~ sm: ~
    the foundation of the house of Jehovah of arrniesa was laid, for t h e temple to be built.uu For .Ezr6:1Q
    3:"
    before those days there were no wages" for mankind1' made t o exist;' and as for the wages QE
    domestic animals, there was no such thing;c and
    t o the one going out and to the one coming In

    "*

    there was no peace because of the adversary,d1tk&$,5iE,


    aa I kept thrusting all mankindh against one annTsa f0:2
    other.'"
    Am 3:6
    I1 '' 'And now I shall not be as in the former $?l"o::"34
    days t o the remaining ones of this people,'r is Tga::3;9,
    the utterance of Jehovah of armIes.fi l a 'For 2 12,i.,
    there will be the seed of peace;" the vine ltself
    rvill give its fruitage, and the earth itself will
    ;!
    give its yie1at and the heavens thertlselves will g
    ~r 3:i0
    give their dew;u and I shall certainly cause the ?&a,3$
    remaining onesv of this people t o lnherit all tg$$!
    lhese [things] .Y l8 A n d it ]nust occur that just b,D,e&,3
    as YOU became a malediction among the na- $,l;i;
    tlons,'. 0 house of Judah" and house of Israeljn ?;~o;l:.
    so I shall save YOU, and sou must become a
    blessing." Do net be afraid.O May YOUR hands zg;kyn
    Jer 42:18

    pb,ro

    #yllr-

    &;!z:B,Si;!

    14t1

    11 1.d

    * Jer 32 30
    ti strong."
    L 2 K i 17:18
    AGe 22:18
    14 "For this is what Jehovah of armies' has Isa 1 9 : ~
    said, ' "Just as I had in mind to do what was 'g; :?&
    ca?amltous t o
    people beenuse of rouk fore- 'ISa 3"4
    fathers'" making me indignant," J e h o v ~ hof '
    E'3%
    armiesa has said, "and I felt no regret,' so I
    will again have in mind i n thew days to deal ge$t,!,B,

    -Zecharish 1:3; footnote


    Scc

    4"s'

    c,

    01;"men." 12, Ira-n-ctran'.a'-So

    R U O ~tI l i ~ g , "01-,
    more literally, ('none," 31; t h i ~prono~m,howeyer,
    beiug in tho feminine gender and referring, noh to weges (masculine), but to the paping of rages. fl Ur, "~Ii~trc~h~.'~

    lvell with Jerusalem and with the house of


    Judah.' Bo not be afraid." 'I<
    :
    ; 16 'These are the things that You people
    should do : Speak truthfully with one anotheraar
    ,
    Wfth truthh and the judgment of peace do YOUR
    I 1 , l . l!a:ll
    1 - 2
    judging
    in YOUR gates.4 l 7 And calamity t o one
    l ' r 12:19
    .!IT 50.5
    another
    do
    not YOU scheme up in YOUR hcarts,t
    IItb d:l
    anddonotIo~eanydalseoath;~~forthes~are
    HI*,,
    11:d
    ,\XI* 5.19
    y , . ~ Y. . ~ things that I Rave hated,'F is the utterance of
    t I &I*3:2!1
    Jchovah.'"
    0.I I
    15 And the tvord of Jehovah of armiesc con5::;15,1g
    4;;: ttnued
    t o occur to me, saylng: "This is what
    11.lb>r4 2
    I ' r fl:I11 Jehov~hof armiesC has said, 'The fast of the
    I L rH I I ' I
    s,~(~r.
    fourthy [month], and the fast of the fifthz
    .IvI. ',:"a
    75
    Imonth], and the fast of the seventh' [month],
    -21c1 :*'>.El
    and {he rast of the tenthD [month] wlIl become
    ,I
    I
    for the house of Judah an exultation and a rejoicing and good festal seasons." So love truth
    "pL%':I
    ;i!;b; i',:::;(T5and peace.'+
    20 'This is what Jehovah of armiesEhas said,
    'It will yet be that peoples ancl the Inhabitants
    of mnny cities will come;' and the inhabitants
    '"'" Z2'n
    :':2
    1\11 11.10 of one [city] will certainly go to [those of]
    I l ~ 1r . 1 0
    lit R II
    n~~ofher,
    s ~ y i n g :"Let us carncstly got ta soften
    I;,: 1
    t l ~ elace of Jehovah and to seek Jehovah of
    7:a
    nrmics.va 1 myself will go also.""**' h d many
    *tun l4H:a
    It 1.m brf:5 pcoplcrs and mighty nations ~tlilla c t u ~ l l y
    come
    I ~ l Nflo::)
    ,I lL1' ,1:2
    l
    o
    seek
    Jehovah
    of
    armiesa
    In
    Jerusalem
    and
    Ollr 0 1 .I
    to soften the face of Jehovah.''~
    l
    Il,a,;l
    irl
    23"This is what Jehovah of aamlesc has
    I
    !'?,I7
    trrn.18 said, 'It will be in those clays that ten mend out
    7 'r
    of all the languagese of the nations" will take
    , ,

    *C
    I. C

    I1tl?tth e ~ c hOne with his companion," >fA Or, "hteI,ifr~r~lI~,

    110

    ~ ~ v R N , "31'

    ~ ? n . e f k ' . Bee Zechariah 1 : 3, Yoolt~otec. ''Men.)' N,


    plural number of ish, * I;itct.~11$~"t011gller)l">I.

    rr.t~ii.rkii~~';
    the

    Htv . ( i t j l l p ~ 11
    i ~ ; 1,

    ZECHARIAH 9:l-7

    366

    367

    hold, yes, they w i U actually take holdr of the


    skirt of a mana who is a Jew,a mylng; "Wewill ,Ij; :F:k
    go with uov people,t for u-ehave heard [that J 2;;
    Gadh is with YOU people." ' "u
    Ir. 21
    13c 1,' l i
    J
    (;:;

    A pronouncement:v
    "The word of Jehovah Is ~ g ~ i n the
    s t land
    of Ha'dsach, and DarnascusY Is where it rests;
    for Jehovah has an eye an earthling man2 and
    on d l the tribes OF Israel. a And I'Ia'm~th"itself
    jvill also border upon her; Tyreu and Si'clon,'-

    ~I:<u 1.1.!4

    I!*

    ?;i
    -.

    I lil li. I2

    .IT,:I~

    I:;!;

    ?iZiFB

    ,lr';t;;,:?'
    ,;?y1$,:;,

    for she is very wise.4 U n d Tyre proceeded ,i!;;,:!?;;(


    t o bt~ilda rampart for herself, and t o pile up
    ;lijI<;
    silver like dust5 and gold( like the mire of [the]jy:.2::23.1
    -1.!1

    Look! JehovahV~imself will dispos- ,R,,P3 r


    sess her, and into the sea he will certainly strike d:;$g;j
    down her military force;" and in the Are she ,:'::",,%;'
    w
    j11 see :;:,:' $:,;;
    herself n+lIbe devoured." Ush%e.lon" c
    and get afraid: and as for Ga'za," she will also
    feel very severe pains; Ek'ronr also, 1,ccause her ;;:yk-,;;
    loolred-for hopes will have t o experience shame,
    And a king will certainly perlsh From Ga'za, ;:;
    282
    and AshJlre.lonherself will not be inhabited. tne
    ITril 12:9
    And m illegitimatet son will actually seat him- u1:r 2.1s
    self in Ash'dud," and I shd1 certainly cut off
    t h e pride of the Phi.1is'tine.r And I will re- pp4$?:,,
    move his bloodstained things from his mouth' "I"' -:&
    and his disgusting things from between his YF;~;?~
    teeth,r and he himsdf also will certainly he Am R , I ~
    left remaining for our Godid and he must be?!$:
    come like a sheikp in Judah? and Ek'ron lilce &~/J~j.~fi

    streets."

    JI;

    "c

    "A nlrnl," M, i s k , b got?.^' Ill El+oahinr';L S X , hn Tht-0s'; Tg,


    De'lts, 0 'LGald," 3% Aku.rfitst, d ' o J ~ ~ ~ ~ ~jive
    n l JTc~blnn~l"
    lnnnnI
    R C F ~ P ~nnd
    S LSSTgSyT : d.do.wcr~~',
    JE. ' r h i ~i c nilrl nP I l ~ nl3.I pnnR ~ F P Q wliere the Jewish Sophsrin~clnim Ihclg nltclvrl tho prim1 tiye
    JTPI~I~Pwtest to rend A.fl7o.?!{!p1
    inst~nrlof Y P l ~ o . ~ ~ ~ z*'iClnrl.l'
    :J~'~
    JC,
    Xl.o,fiim'; LSI, ka Tlte.o,qr; fg, RDtta, f ' % l ~ c i k ,See
    ~ C+~n~rs
    3fi : 15, foohute b.
    a

    ZECHARIAH 9 :&I3

    :the 3ebtu.site." And I will encamp as an outpOSt for my house, so t h ~ there


    t
    will Se no one
    pasing through and no one returning; and there
    * I . Y 1 11 will no more pass through them cl taskmaster,"
    15n 5'.14
    f o r n o w 1 haveseen [it1 tvithrnyeyes.'
    ,:'Su
    16:B
    9 "Be!veryjoyful,OdaughterofZion."Shout
    n I~- ~~ 1I~2e5; : sI
    in triumph, 0 daughter of Jerusalem, Look!
    1:t 21:s
    Your king I~imaelfcomes to you," LW is righteous and victorious,[^" hurnhle,'l'and riding upon
    ;
    ; $ an RSS, even upon a full-grown animal the son
    ;;1.u j
    ;;;,of, a she-~ss,E&l U ~ n Id E I I R I ~ cert~inlycut offd
    1 9 : ~ [the] urn? chariot from E'phrairnt and [the]
    .14>11 l:=Irl
    And the battle h w v
    .II,I, 1.1 i? horse from Jem~salrm.~~
    ,tnn 1 C . t i I
    irlill ccrlninly hc? cut off. And hc will actually
    ,
    1 1
    ~ 1 ~ if:
    1 x'
    ~l ~ ~ 1
    s p 4 k PC;IL'P to lll~cnations;~and his rulership
    I.tr! 11
    #4Ihil:.y ivill be from sea to sea and from the Rivere to
    ,,,1 ! .
    $ i l l l R 2.22 the ends of [the] earth."
    , I tv.4 11 "Also, you, 0 woman,f by the bloodDof
    ,,,,,. yourff covenant I wlll send youru prisoners" out
    i lor2:H
    ,,,,,
    ,
    :
    , of t h e pit In whlch there is no waternA
    I.'l\&L 4!1!9
    12 "Return to the stronghold,^'^ abu prisonI
    :
    7,1#.r.31:6
    ers of the hope.+
    I
    .TPP J l : 1 7
    "Aka, today [I am] teIllng [you] : 'I shall1 repay
    to you, 0 wornnn,' a double p0rtion.F " For
    *{$$:=+lo
    -2 m
    0 I>#, ,73:2?
    1 3
    1 -. I?.i:2
    11 '11

    <*xrP<>

    ,,,,

    u l ~ n v i nk ~c n enrd." br, uo.slraq';


    tlir poairc form, nq i l l l)rutrlatlnr~~y
    33: "31 find Pslllrn 33: 10.
    l,.YX, "senq." or. ' " I I ~ I I ~ I Iirnlt*alioa'~
    F
    l'g, L'Snvinr'~snl.t.n'tor).
    b I)].,
    "afirted." 31, 'a.tri'; VR, p n w ' p 6 ~ 0 I'A R ~ I P - ~ . "LiterallyJ
    Lbh~-asscs,'J
    Rf, a '1 uhttll certainly cut off," Ml'aT; &'l.Ie
    will utterly
    ~ ~ ' H ~ T O > T ; 'L X 9 8 y . * llTlln nivrr.'' Tltnt is, the R u . p b r ~ ~ t Rirer,
    m
    f "\.OH,
    O womnn!"M,
    at; t h fierr,n~l-p@mo~~
    ~
    pronolrn, feminine
    ~rut~dcr,
    ~ h p l l 1 ~n
    1 '~ l l ~ l bB~lrYo~~r,r'
    r,
    TIIC~ ~ r o n n j~l ~in
    n t l ~ afeminine
    ~rnticter, singnla~~
    nrmhcr, to IDL'P~~ Co tho ~ ~ ~ u Z~i ot ~nlorn Jcrmnlern.
    h Or, "inacce~sible [ntiappronrhnble] plncc.'! M, hil8.tao.rGnf; its
    rtl~iyaccmrenee in 31, I 'wl'oa,(J IVOHIILI~." The IIehre~vprolloun is
    i n the feminine pcnder, sinpulnr number, Compnrr v c m 11, footrwB f, i%
    ..
    dorrble portion." 11, ~tft+lr. n ~ b ' .C'orul~nreImiah 161 :7.
    a Or, " e x p e r i ~ n r i n
    ~lvalinn'';
    ~
    ot,

    ZECHARIAH 9 :14-10 :1

    ZECHARIAH 10;2-7

    368

    f will tread as my [bowlnJudah. The bow I


    wIll fill with E'phra-h, and f will aivakenh your
    sons, 0 Zion, against your sons, O G r e e ~ e , ~ ~~~;~~
    m
    and I will make you" as the gword of a mighty nps 144:i
    149.6
    l4
    And over them Jehovnh himself will FS
    rsa &:IS
    be seenSPand his arrow will certainly go forth r?~s:$$
    just llke lightning."S And on the trurnpett the !E
    9:,g:;
    Lord Jehovahg himself ~vcvillbloiv,t and lle will t:g;z3
    certainly go with the windstorms of the ~ 0 ~ 1 t h . ~ ~
    J 6 Jehovah of armies' himself will defend them, : Isa ss:ls
    and they will actualIy devourv and subdue the V & ? ~ ~ $
    zec f2:G
    slingstones. And they will certain1y clrlnky-be pIsa
    551.
    boisterous-as if there were wino: and they will
    z,
    n:P
    actually become filled like the bowl, like the ~ ~ 4 ~ 7
    corners of [the] altar.=
    I Eze
    Jrr a3:~3
    Eze 3223
    16 "And Jehovah their GadJ will certainly rPs
    loit3
    save them* in that day like the flock of his %?$l[,!l
    people;" for they will be as the stones of a dia- ak;;&:."3Z
    dern glittering over hislc soil." For 0 how 2,"3;2i3
    [great] his goodness is,b and how [great] his 0~3;;;;
    b a u t y is!' Grain is what will make the young +E
    men thrive, and new wine the vjrgins."'
    W s a 62:s
    J o e 328
    Make YOUK requests OF Jehovah for .ff~!;=&
    rainC"in the time of the spring rain,* Zg; $4;
    even of Jehovah who is m ~ k i n gthe stom Joe2:23
    clouds,'n and [who] gives a downpour of rain to ~ $ ~ ~ ~ , 0 , ' 6 3

    ;3;t

    z;;;~

    10

    '"AIR

    IHY [hovl.'' Liteibally,"for me,', M. Bnt it i~ the how that i s


    trodtlrn, b Or, "muse
    O "O~PPPO,"
    Tg; " [ r l i i l ~ l i ~ ~ nnf] the
    Ort~li.j,'3XX;''Jn'mq" 318yv. Sen i ; ~ n e 10
    ~ i:~2 ntid Daniel 8 : 21,
    footnoto n, *"It~a."The pToanut1 is i n tllp f~lnit~illcl
    p n d e r , singular
    r~uml>cr,to ~ p p to
    l ~Zion. "21, rniphty man." 31, gih.bfirr. Or,
    "sbo'pbar." '.The h r i l Jehovah." Srr! Ualmis 15: 2 , footnotes
    r, f. L d U ,"Jehorah almighty"; TgT, "Jotlovnh Cfntl"; Sp, "the
    Lord o f lorcls," Luther Cf~rmnn,d ~ Wrrr.
    r
    13wr. ""The south."
    31, tei8*rn?~'.I See Zechnriall 1 : 9, fc~ntnotea, Luther Oermnn, Dec
    JIcrr Y1~ebfloEkn
    1 "God." 11, BFBo.k~?a'. Or, 'Ihcir''; referring to
    the pcople,

    them," to each one vegetation In the Aeld. For


    the teraphims themselves have spoken what
    is uncanny;ar and the practicers of dlvination,a for their part, have visloned falsehood't
    and valueless dreams are what they keep speaking, and in vain they try to comfort.v That is

    why they wiZl certainly depart lilre a flock;Y


    they will became afllicted, because there is no
    shepherd.$ "Against the shepherds my anger
    has grown hot," and against the goatlike leadersn I shall hold an ~ccounting;"for Jehovah
    01 armiesb has turned his attention to his
    drove,b the house of J u d ~ h and
    , haw made thern
    llke his horse of dignity in I he battle.+' Out of
    him tllc keyman,"' out of him Is the supporting ruler,"' out of him is the bnttle h 1 t . ; " out
    of him goes forth every taskrnnstc1;k all t+
    gether. %d they must become like mighty

    men" stamping down in the mire of [the]


    streets In the batt1e.r And they must get engaged in battle, for Jehovah I s with them;* and
    ~ h criders of horses will have to experience
    s11nme.t And I will make the house of Judah
    strpwior," and the house of Josep11 I shall saveY
    And I wilt give thern a dwelllr~g,~
    for I will show
    Ihcm mcrcy;y and they must become like those
    w l ~ o m1 had not cast off;n for I am Jehovah
    their Godlf and I shall answer them,' And
    those of E'phra.imc" must become just like a
    mighty man," and their heart must rejoice as
    though from wine.= And their own sons will

    Zechariah 1:3, footnote P, a Lit~rnIly~'"the


    0 1 jnrportnnt inen, ohiefs.
    fl I~it~rnlly,
    "tho ag," 11. Pictorial of one lvlio ifl n anpport. a rnler.
    OI.,pariibly, "ilu111 EflLlSc t h ~ uto rct~~rn."
    f " ~ o d , l M,
    l Bl.r.iirt,
    0

    0~~
    'ahurtf~illl!l

    b See

    srnancr ton~ol-n,"31. Pictorin1 o f vitnl

    ZECHARIAH 10:L l l :3

    ZECHARIAH I1:4--10

    370

    see and certainIy ~ j a i c c ;their


    ~ heart will be O
    g %$&
    Jer 32~39
    joyful in Jehovah.'
    +Bs 13 J
    8 " "I: will whistle4 far them and collect them
    together; for I shall certainly redeem them,' and p,"hy;g
    they must became many, just like those who =Isn :4;$4 : ~ ~
    5131
    have become many," "And
    I sllnll s c n l t ~ rthem Iqa
    ITI 2:s
    6:20
    like seed among the peoplesjli and In the distant 11K1
    er 37 2a
    places they tvill rememberc rne;l1and they must 3',","3":,3,
    revive with their sons and return.r lVAnd X must ;tpc$g
    bring them back from the l a d of Egypt," and Ac8:q
    from Asnsyr/i.aStI s h d l coIIect them together;" z;f:i7
    find to the land d GiI'e.adYand Leh'a-nan I shall r<g
    : ; ; ;2
    bring them, and no [room1 will be found for
    tl~ern.~And he must pass through t h e sea
    [with] distress;"and in the sea he must strike vJer n : s
    down [the] waves," and all the depths& of the ,?if:&%
    N i l e must dry up. And the pride of Assyr'i.a
    must be brought down,' and the very scepter p;;j,ls
    of Egypt wilI depart.' And I will make them

    aean;;l
    ;zo;;.&

    '

    "

    '

    .f:,"6zi\

    '

    supei*iorin Jehovahlmand in his name they will y ~ k i ; $


    +ge
    walk bout," is t h e utterance of Jehovah."
    @IS% 41:lO
    Isa 45:24
    "Open up your doors, 0 hbha.an,* that FA,",:^
    a fire may devour among your cedars.*
    ' Howl, 0 juniper tree, for the cedar has fallen; g
    because the majestic ones thernseIves have been "Ei::F
    deswiIed!I1Howl, YOU sturdy trees of Ba'shan," OXU 21r33
    for t h e impnetrableb forest has come dozvn!" rba 32:1g
    %!sten! The howling of shepherc?s,flfor their ",Ef$iO
    majesty has been despoiledqLListm! The roar- t;FrE;&
    ing of maned young lions,u lor the pmud
    I thicketsIc along the Jordan have heels dey ~ e r4 9 : ~
    spoiled,~
    Jer 50:44
    'anspthn.*lM, netru.lb17b'; IXX, hu't7r0~ ( 111rnI): Tg, 'p,pm.fus;

    11

    p h ~ a 1 b) 04
    ~ 401tified;' or, "inncmsi~ls."31; ?interdicted,
    ''Proud [thickeh]."' Or, i'higll trees," Liternlly, ilpride,F'

    ~ U (N

    .\ltjlar#lkl,

    31.

    M:B

    r me

    8.~4.r
    I.:VO 27.1
    ?2:25
    n m ~ l .(I:.I
    lmmta::,2
    ~ .

    2,s
    .'l<l .b:L

    -,I~.I,
    1

    h,.r,:u

    ?:3

    4 "This is what Jehovah my Goda has said,


    'Shepherd the flock [meant] for the killing,y
    "he buyers of which proceed t o kill [them14
    although they are not held mllty ,* And those
    who are sellingq them say: "Mny Jehovah be

    blessed, while I shall gain riches."" And their


    OUTI 6hepheP.d~do not show any compassionn
    < Erx, 31:4 upon thern.'O
    G " 'For I shall show compnssion no more
    upon the inhabitants of the land," is the utter'
    nnce of Jehovah. 'So here I am causing manatn klndb t o find themselves, each one in the hand
    JFP in: 1 4 of 11 Is companiono and in the hand of his king;"
    l.?.?,~y : Y I
    n
    , , anrl Ihey nlill certainly crush to pieccs the land,
    . I I f,l b : 9.: , and I sht~lldo no dcljvcrjn~out af their hand.' "#
    *I'M lUl.,&
    7 And I proceeded to shepherd the flock
    ~ I V ~n I ~
    lkz4 "''" 1 meant] for the killing," in Youn behalf, 0
    amieted ones of the flockbcn
    So I took far myself
    r l S ~ k17:40 two staffs." The one I called Pleasantness,*and
    ,,,,
    thc otl~erI called Unioz1,"l and I \vent shepherd;l:$!i~:;:A
    ~ I I C flock. s And I iinally wiped out three
    ,,,,,,,: Sing
    '1 '
    I ~ L ' P ~ I C ~ in
    ~ S one lunar ~ n o l ~ t hns
    , ' ~my soule0
    x'r'oalg
    gradually became impatient with themgv and
    ttlso Z I I C ~ S own sot~J@
    fell a loathing toward me7
    " At Dcngth I said: '7 sshnll not lccep shepherding
    y0u.1'~The one that is dying, let her die.* And
    FJ'r23!33
    ,IW y::!
    "1 1 l : l h
    t h c one that is being wipecl out, let her be
    " J c 1 t l . i : 7 wiped
    And as for the ones left remaining, let them devour, each one the flesh of
    AJnf
    I.:Y~Qle:R
    ~ : I O hev companion."" lo So I took my staff Pleasant:ll'ab

    ' h7111 $'"I7

    ..

    #,

    11)

    I'

    '

    ,,:,

    --

    my God? 3IJrgSyT; w3cbernh slrnid~l~


    [fl~ln.to.Dr~**'.tl*l~ornll
    rr;r]."
    b.\I. 7ina.dnmt. G " I n mUR !rc1hzllf, 0 nfflicted
    tlrlrln of t h e flock," 31. I
    .
    ,
    hy a regronpia~nnd n ~ l l n n pin TVTP!
    ~ ~ ~ i t i t i a"inr , b ~ h n l f of the tradesmen 01' thr* flork." d "Union!'
    Iritm.nlly, "Bin~Lpr~,"N: wbich result in n union of tllinaa. "Sotd."
    AT, ,rrp/l'p$h; PISIT, ppsp.cbl(ni)'; Vg, flla'wi4~na."TUU,'?
    In the

    t ~ l s ~ c n l i n~e e l l d ~plnlhal
    r,
    number,

    '

    ZECHARIAH 11:11-16

    ZECHARIAH 11:17-12 :6

    372
    1

    nessb and cut it to pieces, in order to break ";g;;T


    my covenanta that I had concludedb with all s c 1 . ~ 7
    the peoples.+ .I' And it came to be broken in +gelt&\
    that day, and the afflicted ones of the flockce "gP2B
    who were watchingxme got to know in this way *E;;;;
    WKI~ 3 5
    that it was the word of Jehovah.*
    12 Then I said t o them:" "If it is good in
    YOUR^ eyesjk give [me] my wages; but if not, k1K.'21:2
    refrain." And they proceeded t o paye my wages,
    thirty pieces of silveran
    n!?k
    ~t 26%
    2239
    13 At that, Jehovah said t o me: 'Throw it to gFz9,1
    the treasuryfr--the majestic value with which y,l;;i;
    I have been valued from their standpoint." Ac- ~t m:6
    cordingly I took the thirty pieces of silver and
    threw it into the treasuryf at the house of
    Jehovah,s

    B M m~ : ~ o

    14 Then I cut in pieces my second staff, the


    Union,t in order to break the brotherhood be-

    tZeCn:7

    Ac 1:18

    ;I&

    tween Judah and 1srael.u


    ~;m/
    15 And Jehovah went on ta say t o me: "Take :E ?i?+3
    yet for yourself the implements of a useless Eze 3 7 : ~
    ~ h e p h e r d ls
    , ~For here I am letting a shepherd lZe%&
    rise up in the land. To the [sheep] being wiped Mt 15:14
    out he will give no attention,y The young one ~4;:
    he will not seek, and the broken [sheep] he
    wilt not heal,z The one stationing herseIfh he Z ~ ~ s k n
    will not suppIy [with food], and the flesh of
    the fat one he will e a t , h d the hoofs of the *Ge31:=
    Possibly, ('the covenant of Jehorah," instead of "my covenant."
    See Zechmiiah 6 : 8,footnote n. b Posqibly, "Jehornh had collcluded."
    See Zechariah 6 : S, footnote n. "The afflictecl ones of the flock,') &I.
    See verse 7, footnote c, d The pronoun is in the m~sculinegender.
    e Literally, liweigh out," M, f Or, "founde~";or, "potter?' L X X j
    "~UIelti~lg
    flttnace.", Vg, 'batat~ai-j-.'lg "TO the [sheep]?' Literally,
    "to the ones," but 111 the feminine gendw to refer to sheep, syml~olicallg. h Or, b y a correction in M, "The one made sick"; 01;
    L'Tlie bungry one."

    [sheepla he will tear offan1 7 Woe to my worthless


    shepherdlAwho is leaving the flock!04 A
    nJcr23:k
    I+% 133
    hit 23:13 sword win be upon his arm and upon his right
    t fuh 10:1a
    50:35 eye.* His own arm will without fail dry up: and
    a 8 i A lI3:4
    uJc30:22 his m right eye wilI without fail grow dim."
    A pronouncement:
    "The ward of Jehovah concerning Israel," is the utterance of Jehovah, the One who
    stretching out [the] heavens" and laying the
    'g :&:, is
    foundation
    sf [the] earth* and forming the
    $
    a;i;;
    hr~ss:is spiritb of manC inside him.k ''Here I am makn,lub 265'
    11s1y{:25 ing Jerusalem a. bowl [causing] reeling to all
    1's l,!t>:i,
    rgn 4.!:2d the peoples round about;" and also against
    h f t 43.1:1
    Judah he will come to be in the siege, [even]
    l,.lt,b
    :jlli;f"gainst
    JerusalemmTAnd it must occur in that
    !$
    l:C~%:?r
    day8
    [that]
    I shall make Jerusalem a burdenAr 17.2~
    111~s
    75:a
    5 1 : ~some
    ~
    stone to all the peop1es.t All those lifting
    I L , . C 1,i:14 i t will without fail get severe scratches for
    n%op:{:I9
    themselves; and against her all the nations of
    1 I 1,2..7.1
    P ) r i 2:45
    h that
    21:4a the earth will certainly be gathered."
    (1 I.:/& JH:9
    Mlc 1 : 1 1 day;!'v is the utterance of Jehovah, "I shalI
    xac
    I ~ U
    II;:I~
    Idl:2 strike every horse with bewildermenty and its
    rider with madness; and upon the house of
    ;;;I)K
    $;;.~~i:ti Judah
    I sI~alIopen my eyeslz and every horse
    X I !<I h 2:)
    of the peoples I shall strike with loss of sight.
    :c7l, r;:.icr
    7' 15
    And the sheiks' of Judah will have to say in
    NO 2 : ~
    .2bZ+l7 their hear;, 'The inhabitants of Jerusalem are
    a strength t o me by Jehovah of armiesd their
    1R32 God.'eU In that day I shall make the sheiks of
    1% 46:l
    like a fire pot among treesAand like a
    %
    $ar.;tt
    :!; 10:17 Judah
    fiery torch in a row of newly cut grainfg and
    (b18
    elm 41:15 they must devour on the right [hand] and on
    :!:~4Q$10

    a.i(.r

    12

    'Literally, "of them," but in the feminine gender. b "Spirit.lJ My


    ~l~'aAk; LXX, pvnee~'~no;Vg, spirri.fue. 'fiMna.') 11, u.da4a'. See
    Y~chariah 1: 3, footnote c. Luther Gelman, &r Herr Tssbaoth,
    * "God." 31, El.o.I~imt.

    ZECHARIAH 12:12-13

    the left all the peoples round about;' and Jeru- *gE$;{j
    salem must yet be inhabited in her [own] place,
    ;z;g
    in Jcrusnlern,*
    Zrc 2:1
    ohlr l'i.:4
    7 "And Jehovah will certainly save the tent@
    of h d a h first, to the end that the beauty of
    the I~ouseof David and the beauty of the inhabitants of Jerusalem may not become too great
    over Judsh.' In that day Jehovah 1r~i11be a *:gq$!
    defense around the inhabitants of Jerusalem;* q;gj;il
    and the one that is stumbling among them must z8.c !]:IS
    become in that day like Dnvjd," and the house kE2.e 34:24
    of David like God,"" like Jehovah's angel before neFP;%
    tl~ern.~And it must occur in thot clay [that]
    I shall seek to annihilate all the nations that rg,;
    n n 12:1
    eIsa
    HneN2.22
    :I~
    are coming against Jerusalem,*
    10 ''And T will pour out upon the house of
    David and upon the inhabftnnts of Jerusalem ,:,
    the spirit') of favor' and cntre~ties,lland they :$$is
    atill certainly look to the One rvhomc they
    pierced through,- and they wi11 certainiy wail 2 2 f j ; a
    over him as in the wailing over an only [son]; u;;:z$l
    Jrr 31.9
    2?17
    and there will be a b i t t e ~lamentation over him vPr
    J oh I!YM
    as when there is bitter lamentation over the
    :j,?15
    first-born" [son].u l1 In that day the wailing in Yi;yE:f:

    sz:

    011, '"Fodlike ones." 31. B?.o.Aim'; L I S , "Ood's house"; Trg,

    n r ' t i ~ , C:omlmre Psnlm 8: 6, footnnte 11, bd(Spirit." 31, vri'nhlr;


    LXX, parli'rmrr; Vg, spk'i.t~rs.a "3'0 thr! One wl~orn,'~
    N. Or1 thin
    pns*ner f~ c n i n s 'Zebrew Crmmn~ar, by E. Knutz~chand A. 1.:.
    C'owlcy (IN9 reprint), s n p on pnEv 4.10, in fnotuote I bclongii~g
    at] scrtion 2:lR ('2) e, the follotriaig: " l n Zechariah 12:10 RIFO,
    r~~rtrntl
    of t hc ttnintelIigihle r.ln% i t h n.~ltrr',wc should p~nhnl~l;r*
    ~'enrlel-n.strrr.', nnd refer tlie pasfingo to thin a l ~ ! s , 'In
    ~ trro J-Iebl'rw
    ~nr~r~uncriplts
    Ihe written text rend# r.lati Bbk rt,d&rr' (I'to me wllom"),
    hut l11e n l n l - e i n ~ note
    l
    venrls r.!m'i~rl Plh cl.rrlier' (lLh
    him [or, to tlie
    one] whom"). L X X rends: "to nle f o r the rmson that"; YE, "lo
    ntr wl~nm":SF. '+to me fnr him rrhnm'" Th, "to him whom." Seo

    Cirrmn~r13il)le trmslation hy Ernil F. K n t ~ t m h (1S9O) : "To tlmt


    one t ~ l ~ e m "nlso
    ;
    John 19 ; 37.

    :3

    Jerusalem wlll be great, like the wailing of


    Ha4dktdmrim'monin the valley plain of Me~ the landb will certainly wail,*
    hipi
    %:% g i d ' d ~ .'* ~And
    ".lo!*
    I ~ . I 3:zl.
    4:28
    .
    each family by itself;"" the farnlly of the house
    ,y,yry;;y8of Dnvid by itself,- and their women hy themr:Sn 5:14 selves; the family of the house of h'athtlno by
    I 11 3:32
    itself, and their women by t'lsemselves; l9 the
    .KT R16
    ,:, family of the house of Letvi+by itself, and their
    women by tt~emselves;the farnlIy of the Shim'e.itest1"byitself, and tlreis warnen by themselves;
    '
    1 7 i l 1:s
    l4 all the families that are left remaining, each
    JC'll s:m ,
    family by itself,a and their women b y themselrres.
    "In tbnt dny* there will come to bbe a
    1
    wAll' opsned to the house of David and
    ngp
    Gl.8, to t t ~ eInhrtMtants of Jerusalem for ainn and
    .llll=1:2!J for an abhorrent
    rk;m s!:7
    1:~36:2g
    2 "And it must occur in that day," is the
    utter~nce of Jehovah of armies,tl "[that] 1
    shall cut of1 the names of the idols out of the
    HEX=:I3
    !>a123
    land,bRand they will no more be r~membered;~
    Inn 2:lR
    and also the prophetst and the spiritr of unI.:Tp
    theland.b
    .1 1 - y1:J cleanness~Isha1lcause~passoutof
    And it must occur r that] in case R n ~ a ~should
    ~ll
    i",
    ::;:If"
    1
    I n
    p r o p h ~ s yI ~ H Ymore, his father and his mothey,"
    the ones who caused his birth, muat also say to
    hjm, You wjll not live, because fnlschood is
    what you h ~ v spoken
    e
    in the name of Jehovah."
    And his father and his mother, the ones who
    a "Me.gidrdo." M, dL'girT.rFon'; T'a, J f ~ g c d d o n Compnre
    .
    RereFtition
    10: 16, footnote f. Or, "mrtlr,', 31, er'ets, a Litclrnlly, "Inmilies
    families apart," 31. Fee Eecl~nrinh1:3 footnote c. IAI~~IPT
    German,
    tics B ~ Tj rP
    ~ .~ b aho. f Or, "mentioned."" I"F3pirit." ST, P ' I I ' F ~ ~ ~L; S X ,

    13

    ~ ~ t m i ' m nVg,
    ;
    ~ j > i t ' i . t ~ t . ~Ree
    .
    Genesk 1: 2, fooinota (1. Or, lbthe
    rqre&on inspircil by nnclennnesa"; or, "the unclenn in~piredexpression." Gompn~elie~*e!ntion18:33, footnote n, h"A mnn!' IF,

    ish.

    ZECHARIAH 13:4-9

    376

    377

    caused his birth, must pierce him th~wughbecause of his prophesyingmU


    UDC
    DC 11s:a
    39
    4 "'And it must occur in that day [thnt] the k;jR,.%

    prophets will become ashamed,veach one of his lo;;;


    vision when he prophesies; and they will not
    wear an official garment of hairy lor the purpose of telling lies. h d he will certainly say,
    'I am no prophet. I am a manmcultivating [the]
    soil, because an earthling manb himself acquired
    me from my youth on.' a And one must say t o
    him, 'What are these woundst [on your person]
    between your hands?'d And he will have to say,
    'Those with which 1 was struckn in the house wsA4k11
    of my intense lovers.' "
    L I ~ C5:4
    me
    343.3
    7 "0 sword, awake against my shepherdnn $:!',:t+i
    even against t h e ablebodied man who is my
    associate,"" is the utterance of Jehovah of ar- J;, ;;?
    t
    m i e ~ . ~ ' S t r i kthe
    e shepherd,; and let those of the c r + ~a.r:E
    floelz be scattered;*and I shall certainly turn my l:I ) uI- 9:2G
    l4:27
    l~mdback upon those who are Inslgniflcant."~'
    ii:Iz
    u:&
    8 "And it must occur in all the
    js the ntr
    ~ , , h16.3a
    utterance of Jehovah, "[that] two parts in it '$':;r&!j'i
    are what will be cut off [and]
    and as i;:i;;y;!;i3
    for the third [part], it will be left remaining , ; f,;;2
    in it." "And
    I shall certainly bring the t h h - 4 F
    ?;
    [part] through the fire$ and I shall actually, i:,~ ni:,s
    k J .g !.;3,
    refine them as in the refining al silver," and r;a ...,
    examine them as in the examining of go1cf.r It, I :3:; 7;
    for its part, will call upon my name, and I, for

    rri;',';i:.$'

    m #.A mnn,'j M, ish, b "An earthling man," M, n.8rrwt'; LXS, nd.


    tlrro,pos; Tg, "Adam [ww (is) Ing exam Ie].''
    Or, d~~trolres.v~
    "#[On yanr person] hetween ~ D U Yhmd~$' Y) b c l . yj~.rlri'lrlin.
    L'Upon your breast."'-Emil
    I?. Knntzndq, 1890. 011," ~ Y D I I I I ~ P ~ ~ . ' ~
    f Bce Zcchntiah 1 : 3, fuotnote c. L u l h ~ G
    r c ~ ~ n nrtcr
    e , 1171arrTacbuotb.
    UI,,"the hoy keepers." M, tso.4r.riln'; L.'IIA, "tlw sli~phcrtls'';
    LXXBX, "the little ones'' (mascnliue) ; Vp, '*tho little onw" ( t t ~ n a c ~ t *
    li~le); Sjy, "the snperior ( g e n t ) ones!' h Or, "cnrth." M, er'cta,

    ZECHARIAH 14: 1-5

    my part, win answer it/ 1 wwil say, 'It is my


    peaple,'t and it, In its turn, will say, 'Jehovah
    1"'s
    jS my Cod.' " a U
    Ilc 21:T
    "Look! There is a day coming, belonging to J e h o ~ a h , ~and
    " the spoil of youb
    will certainly be apwrtloned out in t h e midst
    ; ;1 :
    of y0u.h And I shall cestajnly gather all the
    U:II
    arc 231
    4:s
    nations against JctbusaIem for the war;'" and
    I2 ~ 11694
    P3:10
    ~
    4.6 t h e c i t p will SICZLIIIII~ be captured' and the
    $I1 4 5
    , ~ the women themselves
    I
    3 : houses he p i l l a g ~ d nnd
    .Ic1L! .>:2
    will be raped." And half of the clty must go
    22'7
    ~r4n ;ln:l6
    ; ; ~forth
    ~ i into
    ~ the exlle;O hut as for the remaining
    oneso of the people," they will not be cut off
    +.I,fl
    911
    I.~'<J::I
    from the ci2y.O
    -1,x
    >rt .;:La
    3 "And Jehovah will certainly go forth and
    '
    1 C5:!8
    ~
    rtla 21:2_ war against those nations' as in the day of
    .I.;II 6F:Io
    y flght," And his feet
    I:,,M:23 his warring, In the d ~ of
    will
    actually
    stand
    in
    that
    d ~ upon
    y
    the mouni]iYl:I-:A:
    flls:u 15:3
    tain of the olive trees,clJ'which Is in front of
    ,:,,
    SC'I1 yj:ls
    Jerusalem, on the east;" and the mountainr of
    I<I.,Lc1 L:23
    rhlsr~
    I $1lr 61:1
    I :4
    the olive tree& must be split at its middle, from
    1 :
    the sunrising and to the westneThere will be a
    h u t 21:1
    t.rtjc3 2 2 very great valley;( and half of the mountain will
    actuaIly be moved to the north, and half of it to
    the m~~th."
    And YOU people tvl1E certainly flee
    I ~ L to
    U the
    ~ ~
    valley of my mountains;gu because the
    valley of [the] mountains will reach all the way
    to A'zel.%nd
    YOU will actually flee, j u d as
    uov fled because of the [ e ~ r t ]quake
    h
    in the
    a[Fn 5 8 9
    t.1t.r

    n
    2
    2

    rlo9:23

    d b b:?

    ~lilnd."?cf,

    El.o.lrimt, b "SOII.')
    'TH tho f ~ m i l l i n egender, singdar
    ~lumher; to refer to tlie city. =Orf "lhr! iucln~iinnCJ';or, "the rest.''
    fl ()I-,
    N o u n t PI Oliv~s,'" *Idit~r~rlly,
    '"lllrr ~ e n ' ~that
    ; i~
    the,
    .\lorlitermnean Re& t o tho trmeet, f OT, "tho N~ff'el~,"
    RI, Or, posciljly, "the mat~i~tnin
    of Jchovnh." Sea %tlr?hnr*i~rl~
    fi : F;, fnotnote n.
    h Not far from JertlsnFem. T h r z l ~
    mnp he nn whning of t11i~nnme
    in thnt of the TVtrrf!y I-osG!, wll~chiu an nfflux tu tlro IGdroti Valley
    Y1-0tn the Xount of Olrres,

    ZECHARIAH 14:6-12

    378

    ZECHARIAH 14:13-18

    days of Uzzi'ah the king of Judah.U And Jeho- 1'"Am 1:1


    vah my Godm milt certainly come,Y all the holy ;! g;,
    ones being with him.br
    1 % !I+.tbfi:tfi
    Im<n
    !$
    6 "And it must OCCUF In that day [that] Ayp,.?;
    there will prove to be no precious lipht'-things *\;2;8;y
    will be congealed.' And it must become one zl .: n7:ir
    day that is known as belonging to Jeh0v~h.OIt :j YI';~'
    'k:u 13:s
    will not be day, neither wilI it be ni~ht;'-4"and Fblt
    2 1
    It must occur [that] at eveningWtime it will ;,$;i;i4
    become 1ight.p" And it must occur jn that dny 1;JJ::1,:7;;N
    [that] living watersq will go forth from Jemsa- qj:;;$
    lem; half of them t o the eastem seaCand half of 3>;; ;;f0
    them to the western sea."n summer3 and in :r;,s R:?
    winterp ft mill w u r p e And Jehovah must be- 'j.j$';+.?
    come king over all the earthpi'I n that day Jehw j;?,'',
    vah will prove to be one,' and his name one.'( :;.h2i;:"
    Id "The whole land will be changed Iike the
    ;ETj ,
    Ar'a.bah,gn from Ge'bar t o Rim'monn to the
    OL; ' ; ; : ; : .
    southh of Jerusalem; and she must rise and be- $; ;:;G
    come Inhabited in her place,t from the gate of 1;:9?o;
    :~'nl
    Benjaminu all the way to the place of t h e First itr:rL
    1 *;a I;? a
    Gate, all the way to the Corner Gate, and r,,,
    8+~:s
    1:7
    [from] t h e Tower of Han'an-elv all the nray t o 1\13<*
    plr;, 15!pa
    the press vats of the king. l1 And people will ;j:,:$;Tq
    certainly inhabit her; and there will occur no ty:;;3,;.:;
    mow any banning [to destruction:l,y and Jeru:jl:.m
    salem must ke inhabited in security."
    Joe R 17
    12 "And this is what will prove to be the ;z; i;.;T6
    scourge with which Jehovah ~ v i l scourge
    l
    all the
    peoples that will actually do mllitaiy service C;;~IJ~;;%
    adls3.2
    against Jerusakrn:" There will be n rotting $Fii:ii

    :';:

    "Mt1R17
    f;hz129

    '{zIcl7:6
    82iPI,

    E % C m:21

    ;;zk
    ~~:,,
    ,~I.F

    "CJod,'' M, El-o.kim',
    a

    "Eim,:: 5XXVpByT nnd threa Habro~v

    away of one's flesh," while one Is standing upon

    feet;" and one's very eyes3 will rot away


    ;zs one's
    in their sockets, and ane's very tongue will rot

    .,?&

    ~ n n n l ~ s c r ij p "you,"
    t~
    M. Or, formel acn." d Ur, "hindeia gem."
    Thnt isl, to ane's haok zrhm one facca mst, * Or, '*natnmn"; thnt i ~ ,
    the heginning of winter. Or, ''lant9." hl, rr'pts. a Or,"dc~crtplain,"
    see D ~ n t e r l r ~ i bI:
    m ~1,footnote a. w4sout!~!'hf, nrg'eb.
    1

    away in one's mouth,


    13 "'d
    it must mmf

    Zn that day [that]


    confusion from Jehovah will become widespread
    among them;*ancl they wlll actually grab hold,
    each one d the hand of his companion, and his
    hand will actually come up gain st the hmd of
    his companion. '"nd
    Judah itself also wjU be
    warring at Jerusalem; and the wealth of a11
    the nations round about will certainly be gatheC1, gold and silver and garments in excessive

    'Eg1pabundance:

    *-cc 47:27

    15 '"nd this Is how the scourge of the horse,@


    the mule, the camel,5 md the male ass, and
    every sort of domestic a n i m ~ lthat happens to
    be in those camps, will prove to be, like this
    *Ian B B : ~scourge.
    Joe 2:aa
    AC 15:17
    16 "And I t m ~ s toccur [that], as regards
    'Ifin 66~23
    everyone who Is left remaining out of all the
    ~ nI:II
    l
    PPs 86-9
    nations that are coming ~galnstJerusalem,@
    Jer
    they muat aIso go up from year to year"to bow
    ,,FiZ?,1,::i4
    1 %G:.?
    ~
    down
    to the King,' Jehovah of armics,ak and
    Jrr .:8:18
    to
    celebrate
    e f~stivalof the b o ~ t k s ."And.
    ~
    yEra 1z:9
    ~ itymust occurt hthat,
    as regards anyone that does
    loh 2 2
    of the earth to
    Ass 4 3 : ~ not come upPout OP the frtrniIiesW
    1 . r ~ MI:12
    lU:3? Jerusalem to bow down to the Ktng, Jehovah
    of armies,&even upon them no pourjng rain ~vill
    ",;:;;& 0ccur.t la And if the family of Egyptc itself does
    ; ~ l g g s not come up and does not actually enter, upon
    them also there shall be none. The scourge
    will occurb with which Jehovah scourges the
    "Ge12:16

    See Zechariah 1:3, footnoto c. Luther German, der Eerr Tssbaobh.


    * L L X T S ~rend: "upon them nluo there will he the, calamity
    (scou1'ge)."

    ZECHARIAH 24 :19-MALACHI

    1:3

    381

    380

    nations that do not come up t o celebrate the


    festival of the booths, 'This itself n~illprove
    to be the [punishment for the] sin of Egypt
    and the sin of dl the nations that do not come
    rfoh S:IB
    up to celebrate the festival of the booths.~
    20 'Sn that day there will prove to b e y upon y M R l 1 : ~
    the bells2 of the horse 'Holiness belongs to Je- a8:33
    hovah!" And the widemouthed cooking potsu *CEXx 38:38
    311:x
    1n the house of Jehovah must become like the &!,L;o,;;
    2:t:g
    bowlsA before the altar. PIAnd every wide- bl.:u
    l.:Y 3i:lfi
    mouthed cooking pot In Jerusalem and in p.y.3:;
    Judah must become something holy belonging . t h 4 , 9
    to Jehovah of armies,a and all those who are
    kamiReing must come in and take from them ~;~G&;
    and must do boiling in them.* And there will no PE,O
    m
    I ~3;1
    R3
    more prove to be a Ca'naan.fteb+hthe house +c,,
    ?,.9
    HE>2i 27
    OE Jehovah of amiesa in that day.""
    5 L I'l 2 1 5
    4

    4 1 5

    See Zeehnriah 1 3, faohate

    :
    c. Luther Qermnn, der Eevr Tnebaofh,
    'fCa'nannbite.flOr, "tr~desmsa," as in TgT.

    1Aconcerning
    "I have
    2

    pponouncgrnent: The word of Jehovah


    Israel by the hand ofMalta.chl:b* lonab 1:I
    l ~ e d
    Y& p e ~ p l + "Jehovah
    ~
    has1 mIsne 7:6
    dl:a

    said,
    AD 1 1 : ~
    And YOU have said: "In what w8y have you
    AIEE 4o:la
    loved us?'IA
    "l\ras not E'sau the brother of Jacob?" h the op. H : D
    utterance of Jehovah. "But I: proceeded t o love 2; %[$
    Jacob,@ and E'sau I have hated;' and f finally 4fgd\Fle

    Menning "My

    n
    hIessmger"; or, if the nnmr i~ Rn nhhrerintion,
    "Mses~ziger [Angel] of Jchovah.'"ee
    Zccha~ieh0 : 8, foot~aotcn ;
    J~rtlges 19 : 18, footnote h. LdXX, Mn.lra.kkiPaa. b "'Nnl'n+chi,"
    >ll'gSgf; %is messenger (angel),'%LXY.

    MALACHI I:4-8

    made his mountains n desolated wastee and his


    hhcritance-or the jackals of [the] wilderELC 2593 ness-"*
    Jue 3:19
    Oh 3 0
    4 'EBecause Epiloma keeps saying, W e have
    -1sa 13:22
    1511 34:13
    been shattered, but we shall return and build
    'Iqs 9 . m
    [the] devastated places,'"this is what Jehovah
    Jas 4%
    of
    armiesb has said, 'They, for their part, wiIl
    Icfob 12:14
    PS 1 2 i : l build; but I, for my part, shall tear down.lC
    11Am137:7
    6:2
    And people wjll certnInly call them "the territoryCn of \v.yickednessu and "the people whom
    2
    ;
    i
    5
    xG"
    3:22
    Jehovah has denouncedr to time' indefinite.''
    : ;gL u 1 0 : n And YOUR ow-n eycsp will see [it]," and YOU
    yourselves ~ v j l say,
    l
    "May Jehovah be magnified
    over the territoryc' of Israel." '
    l'sm:18
    6 "'A son, for his part, honors a father;u
    Ern 3Y:a
    111.:. m:12 and a servant, his grand
    Sa if I am
    >lr I n 79
    F. PII 6.2
    a father, uvhere is the honor to me?y And if I
    ,-I.\ L s,i
    am a grand master,(' where is the fear of me?"
    - ~ . , t2.9
    )'l,,S 4.22
    ,,:,I Jehovah of armiesh has said to YOU, 0 priests
    I S ~ I,
    1:2
    :, who are despjsing my name.=
    hlt l S : 4
    a.Irr 5 : ~ " 'And aou have sald: "In what way have we
    ~rr23:11 despised your name?" '*
    ICzc 2 2 2 6
    al=.a I ~ O 7 " ' (By]presenting upon my altaropolluted
    >it 1:3
    '11" 1 2 s bread.':=
    1.11 1(1:29
    '""And YOU have said: "In what way have we
    CI.U 21.6
    polluted you?" "
    " 'By YOUR saying: "The table of Jehovah is
    'lsE7.e
    a 41:m
    something
    to be cl~sptsed."~
    4And when YOU
    ig!PLz
    J
    1 :
    present a blindl) [animal ] for sacrificing: "It
    is nothing bad." AAP when aav present a lame
    [anima1] or R sick one: "It Is nothing b ~ d , "" ''0
    ;
    -xt5:5

    .-Tsa 3?:9

    3:P;z

    ,>,.

    ,,,

    "Id'dom.'' 3Ienning "Rcd4 Ruddg." The nirrlcnnme given t o E'sau,


    Scv Zcnl~nrinhI : 3, footnote c,
    Luther Uerman, der n r r r T ~ ~ b n a fI3f1s .3fnl'n.chi'~ prophecy "Jehor n h of armies'' occ~tre 21 t i n l ~ a , *llr, "honndnry (border)?'
    d "Grand master." M, ndo.itim'; ihe pl~urnlnotnber of ad6r1: but
    evidently the p l m l of exccllcnce or grnz~tlenr.
    a

    nccarrling to Oellehia 26 : 96: 36 : 1.

    $'BringS t near, please, to your governor. W111


    he And pleawe in you, or will he receive you
    +Job 42:8
    kindly?"' Jehovah of armiesa has said,
    I-te 8:13
    9 "And now, please, soften the face of Cod,he @F>
    ,f:;,
    that he may show us favor."From y o n hand
    flj?
    2 , ~
    this has occurred. Will he receive any of you :T~W
    , r l l ~~~I : ? I
    men kindly?"* Jehovah of armiesn h ~ said.
    s
    nj po 2 17
    16 "Who also is there among YOU thnl will
    shut the doors? And YOU men will not light my
    altar-for nothing.]< No delight do I have in ircf;;l
    YOU," Jehovah of armiesa has said, "and jn the
    :K;J:FIZ
    u 3 cS ?
    gift offering from YOUR hnnd I t ~ k eno pleas- ~i.ltlr
    14:12

    ?;::v

    ,,,,, ,,:,,

    u l+4?."D

    1'
    I
    i

    MALACHI 1:13-2: 2

    saying, 'The table of Jehovah" Is something polluted, and its fruit is something t o be despised,
    cMa113 its food.'Y lSAnd YOU have said, "
    k!
    What a
    weariness!" and vow have caused a sniffing at
    "$cXp
    '1Sa2:29
    it.,"* Jehovah of armies13 has said. "And YOU
    1-Dc 1521
    L l e ~ i : ~have brought something torn away, and the
    r.;a22:20
    1:13 lame one, and the sick one;' yes, YOU have
    :ik?$17 brought [it] as R gift, can I take pleasure in it
    a t YOUR h ~ n d ? 'Jehovah
    '~
    has said.
    7;' R l t Fii,
    E:41
    14
    "
    h
    d
    cursed"
    is
    the
    one
    acting cunningly
    *Jer 48:10
    "-LC 5 3
    ,, when there exists in his drove s. male anirnah0
    and he is making R VOW and sacrificing a ruined
    one to Jehovah,Cb For I am a great King,""
    ;g;;L*o
    . t l c ~ . s Jehovah oi armiesb has snld, "and my name
    1's &r.:J5
    urn Y:A
    will be fear-Inspiring among the nations."*
    I<@ 15:4
    pMt 5:19
    "And now this commandment* is to YOU,
    01.ii 4.13
    1Lo 5:l
    0 priests." If YOU wilI not listen,k and if
    I( I,E 26:14
    31.12 4:8
    YOU
    will not Iay [it] t o heart" t o give gloryCto
    1l1r;U4 2 - 2 5
    I , Z ~ i i i . h l my name,"r Jehovah of arrn1es"has
    said, "I
    r.lt-r 13:16
    I,II 17:18 shall also certainly send upon YOU the curse,
    ~ RIA
    14:7
    and X will curse YOUR blesslngs.8 Yes, 1 have
    I?, IG:B
    RI'. G(3:Za
    even cursed the [blessinaJ ,"because
    YOU are
    4:.i
    not laying [it] to heart."

    ,,.,

    r l ' k 1133

    11 "For from the sun's rising even to Its set- pi;";.;:\"a


    ting my name nill be great among the nations,r s;,:~:%p
    and in every place sacrificial smolre* will be ,;;;"r,;;:&s
    made, a presentation will be made to my mme,
    RIIC
    even a clean gift;t because my nnme will be XPIl
    35
    2s le
    grePit among the natioi~s,"~~
    Jehovah of armlesn alt
    j;c 1:); b
    has said.
    7'1 ,na 22:s
    12 '"ut ~ o u m e n a r e p r o f a n f n g m by
    e ~ YOUR
    ~
    f,~~~~I
    See verse 4, footnote b. b Or, "the Divine Ona." M, R;L I X , Tao

    :I:,)

    Tlrc.os9 TG D~e'zta; SF, "Jchot-nl~.~'


    c 19Ec.''lllor~
    n c m ~ ~ eone
    d aP
    the emanrlntions of the Jewish 8ophm.i1u, or trqptttrri sophcrir~r.
    Compare Gen~sis18: 32, footnote n. Snpa d i ~ l s h u r Iutvodrirtin~t
    ~'~
    to tb P ~ l i ~ ~ ~ s o r ~ i i c a - C rEdifiota
    ~ t i c n I 01 ~ I I P HrItrrlr* R ~ M P( 1SX),
    on pegm 362, 363, 7 3 . 4: "Tl~eoldmt l1nar;rrrnh irr the S t T'fite~~Ibusg Codes of AD. 916, which t~gister.atlww nlterntiann o f the
    Sapl~erirn,adds two more e ~ n i n p l ewhich
    ~
    nrc not giren in any
    of the ancient dmiments. Anrl tllo~apht I i ~cln~ch\rordrnre simply
    Etsen witliaut rnmtiobing what the uriglnnl renilit~g\lrflR rvhirh tIw
    Sopllerinl ~ltered,the13 is no difficulty in n s c r ~ t ~ ~ i n i it
    l l gI,p lhr
    liaht o f the other Sopherie nlternlion nnrl bg bcn~inpin lnirld tho
    pvinciple which underlie^ these chenges. 'I'hr! r n l r h ~ ~ o rtni*
    d t llo
    flmt C ~ L A is
    ~ mOhhd.lelim'
    ~ G
    = Xnlnchi I I?, T h i ~inrlicntse Ihnt nl'ip
    illally the text was: rrFhkal.FoEint' o.!ki' 'ye hnre pnllrltstl n~r"con~pare Ezek, SlII lg), and t h ~ o.tkCp
    t
    vbs b n ~ lI ~ e e nnlt~red into
    n.tlto"~P'rn, in actordance mth the grime nlterntioa mhidi we nro
    told the Sophefint mnde in v e m 13, [See batlan~of rrcat pmgt.1

    383

    rf!

    [Coniinuett from b u t a n of prrrtoti* pops.] for- though this does

    alter the Renee i t mftcna it by ohvinting Ule direct reference


    God. Possibly the nltcrrrtion mny olno Iroce inrl~itlerlZh.e catchrrorfl itself. The original resrling rimy h h r ~l~een~rr"grrI.l"li*n' @.?hi'
    y e lrncs cnraerl me, nnrl ~ h cIioprk (P) Ilns llecn chaugcd inte CBetb
    (n)." M, *nhiln,"or, ('if"j LSXI-gSyT, "it.)'
    rant
    10

    If, Thia im one of the 134


    in whioh the JemiJ Rophrrim clninl th11tthay altered the
    r i m i t i ~ eAehrew t e x t to mnd A .do.nn!/' innlcnd o f Y1).*unlr'.
    Bee Malachi 1:4,footnote b, "Joliovnh," 16 IZcl3rew manuscripts
    trucl fire Behrew printed editionn, VgSyT. rl.rJo.la~gtP,
    M; "the
    I,ord," L I X . Sce Term 142,,
    footnote n. d "The {l~lm~ing]."
    Literrllly, Liit,"M; In the fvmlnlnc gchrltrr, to r c f e ~ *to blessmg (femit~izbcin gender).

    m u j e h o ~ i h , ~LXXVgSgT;
    )
    A.t?u.wnt/',
    pnwsages

    MALACHI 2:3--10

    384

    3 "Look! I am rebuking on YOUR account the


    [sown] seed, and I will scatter fecal matter& tpr ~0:12
    over YOUR faces,t the fecaI matter of YOUR ;7,"t3;$9
    f e s t i ~ a l s and
    ; ~ someone wilI actually carw You ,E,z1$j33
    away to it. And YOU will have to know that I vgg;;
    3.6
    have sent t o YOU this cornmandment,u in order SNU
    Nu 2312
    that my covenant with Le'vib may continueFUvZEX 32.26
    De 33:8
    Jehovah of amniesc has said.
    *Ps 193
    5 "As for my covenant, it proved t o be with ge;S,,ll,l:O
    him, [one] of life and of peace,Dy and I kept
    giving them to him, with fear.pZAnd he con- y t ~
    pi?
    tinued fearing me; yes, because of my name he Tit 1.9
    himself was struck with terror." The very latv9 2;2%
    of trutha proved to be in his mouth,Qnand there
    2i:4
    was no unrighteousness to be fomd on his lips. ,& gz,
    In peace and in uprightness he walked with me: i; ;&
    and many were those whom he turned back
    from error.OO For the lips of a pries@ are the p ~ 123
    t
    ones that should keep kn~wledge,~
    and [the] Tk,"&::l
    law is what people should seek from his mouth;' &",h&:9
    for he is the messengere of Jehovah of arrniesbCm2;g2;513
    8 "But YOU men-YOU have turned aside from tfggg;
    the way." You have caused many to stumble in ,~,.b$;
    the law? You have ruined the covenant of ~ ~ 1 l . l i 2
    h'vi,"m Jehovah of armiesc has said. "And I Eg; z:j9
    also, for my part, shaI1 certainly make YOU to ,"dkcZA
    be despised and Iow to all,the p e ~ p l eaccording
    ,~
    :;y2
    as YOU were not keeping my ways, but were ,;$o,&G3
    Isa 43:1
    showing partiality in the law,"r
    Ae 1725
    10 "Is it not one fatherothat all of us have?s cart 3,9
    CAlt 6:24
    Is it not one Godgo that has createdp us?*W h y g31t 19.4
    a rrFeeaI matter!'
    Or, possiblr, Yhe centwts of the stomach."

    tlLe'vil' MITgSyT. M,Le.?oir; ZXX, '%heLevites." a See Malachi

    sewer." If, mal.akhF; LXX, uan'g8.Eas; Vg, a s gs.lus. tfiLe'vi."


    X, RnI-Le.wP; LA=, ho Ls.vi'. g "God." 31, El; L X X , Thenas';
    Tg, Ue'zfs.

    MALACHI 2:11-16

    is it that we deal treacherously with one another," in profaning the covenant of our forefathers ?Y Judah has dealt treache~ously,and
    &
    1'Ge 43.39 a detestaMe3 thing has been committed in Israel
    ?
    :;'&:~; t543 and in Jerusalemfy for Judah has profaned the
    holiness of Jehovah,%which He has loved," and
    PGe 5:4
    he has taken possession of t h e dsughterp of a
    foreign god& as a bride.' leJehovah will cut off
    *:&13;t:1
    Ne 13:23 each one that does it: one who is awake and one
    CLe 20:3
    ~u 15:30 who is answering) from the tents of Jacob, and
    h h l t 15:14
    one who is presenting a gift offeringo t o JehuOC;P 4:;
    1% h:22
    blr 12:33 vah of arrnie~."~
    13 "And -Ehh is the second thing that YOU
    people do, [this resulting in] covering with
    tears the altar of Jehovah, with weeping and
    sighing, so that there is no more a turning toward the gift offering or a taking of pleasure
    *Pr n:n
    [in anything] from YOUR hand.' l4
    And YOU
    Isn 1:11
    haw
    said,
    'On
    what
    account?'*
    On
    this
    account,
    '~P,P,~~f~
    that
    Jehovah
    himself
    has
    borne
    witness
    be"y&3&55"
    you and the wife0 of your youth,' with
    ;gQ
    ;pt;g8 : ~ tweenx
    whom you yourself have dealt treacherously,
    although she is your partner and the wife of
    a:18
    your c0venant.k l5 And there was one who did
    Pr 2:17
    ~t 19:s
    not do [it], as he had what was remainingc of
    3:15 [the] spirit. And what was that one seeking?
    The seed of God.0" And YOU people must guard
    yourselves respecting YOUR spirit,"@' and with
    &:f8
    I ' P 25:28 the wife of your youth may no one deal treacherously. l T o r he has hated a divorcing,"'fa
    Jehovah the Godd of Israel has said; "and the
    "VhI." If,el; L X X , the.&' gods'^) ; Vg, d s ' f ~ s b, See Nalachi
    l i ~ , ~ ~ $ i

    ,:;;

    I:4, footnote b. Wr, "truthfnlness; trtzeness." 31) smetk', e"JIes-

    385

    e "Whnt wae rernainmg.') Or, mom literally, '?he


    iemnant (remainder).', &I,slskenr. d '$God." M, EE.o.hint'; LXX, ho
    TFae.os'; Tg
    ' , 'De'us. "Sph<t." Mi ~ u ' a i h ; L X X , pneu'ma; yg,
    ~ p d r ' 6 . t ~ ~Or,
    . mare literally, "a sending away," M.

    1: 4, fodtnots b,

    MALACHI 2 :17-3 :3

    one who with violence has covered over his gar- tg+gig
    ment,"t Jehovah of armiesmhas said. "And aow ,'s,",";4;].6
    must guard yourselves respecting YOUR ~ p i r i t , ~:
    Q
    and YOU must not deal treacherous1y.m
    uIsa 1:14
    Isa 7:13
    17 "YoupeopIe have made Jehovah weary by ,";$A$
    YOUR words,U and YOU have said, 'In what way
    B;e&S629
    have we made [him] weary?' By YOUR saying, yps
    37:s
    'Everyone that is doing bad is good in the eyes g&\a?2
    of Jehovah, and in such ones he himself has ,Fg$:::$B
    taken delight';" or, 'Where is the Godc of jjus k; ;;$
    doh 1:6
    tice?' "Y
    'Isa 40.3
    "Look! I am sending my r n e ~ e n g e rand
    , ~ ~ %hl$jiz
    he must clear up a. waJP before me.' And &;
    suddenly there will come to His temple the ",P,9,1?9
    [true] Lord,ea whom YOU people are seeking, A2a;$#
    and the messengerfAof the covenantooin whom oy;=
    ,;
    YOU are delighting: Look! he will certainly obe 12;2

    Ex 2:24
    come," Jehovah of armies&has said.
    L U 152
    +2T1 4:s
    2 "BUt who will be putting up with the day
    of his coming,@and who will be the one standing abym
    x 3 r t 24:la
    when he appears?" For he will be like the fireQ ,8 ?$,:
    of a refineru and like the lye of laundrymen." *f;;$3$
    And he must sit as a refiner and purifier of k;,'Ri$;,17
    silvern and must purify the sons of Le'vi;gpr g & g
    and he must cIarify them like goldDand like sil- h r t 211.
    25:j
    ver, and they will certainly become to Jehovah nPr
    IS^ 1:z3
    1Pe 1:7
    people presenting a gift offering in righteous- rJer 33:la
    R e 1:6
    Xee Malachi 1 : 4, footnote b. b "spirit." M, ru'alak; L X X , n&-

    , sgir'i-la.

    ."God." M, El.rlimi; L X X , h a ~ h e . o s c Tg,


    .
    D ~ N s .$'Illy
    measengar." N, n o l o . k h i ' . See title o f prophecy, footnote a, s6'The [true] Lord." M, ka-A.d6nr; L X X , K~'ri.03 ("JehorahJ') ; Vg, Do.mi.natfor. Comp~roExodus 23 : 17, footnote n; Exodus 34:23, footnota e; also Isaiah 1:24; 3:l; 10:16; 10:33;
    18 : 4, and their footnotes. These are the eight in~tancesin which
    the expression ha-d.den' accura in If. f "Ifesenger." Or, "angel."
    M , wal.ah.k'; LXX, av4ge.los; Vg, a n r g e . 1 ~ .~E- .L'Le'vi,J1
    M, Le.wi<
    Compare Malachi 2 : 8, footnote f.
    Ton;

    387

    MALACHI 3: A 1 0

    ness.s And the gift offering of Judsth and of


    ~p~:yz~
    2:1
    JerusaIem0 will actually be gratifying to Jeho-

    vah, as in the days of long ago and as in the


    years of antiquity.t
    5 "And 1 will come near to YOU people for the
    judgrnent,U and 1 wiU become a speedy wit'\7z",11"i30
    03xt a3:31 nessaVagainst the sorcerers,y and against the
    r!i\5$F23adulterem,P and against those swearing falsely,"

    and against those acting fraudulently with the


    wageso of a wage worker,' with [the] widown
    and with [the] fatherIesss boy, and those turn:'5;lSg23ing away the alien" resident," while they have
    :2
    $:jj7 net feared me,"Q Jehovah of armiesa has said.
    OLu 23:40
    6 "Fur I am Jehovah;' I have not changedee
    +Ge 15:7
    Ex ~2
    And
    YOU are sons of Jacob; aov have not come
    W u 27.19
    ireb ills to POUR finish." From the days of YOUR foredns 1 3 7
    Mr.s 105:s fathers aou have turned aside from my reguJ,a a:22
    no 11,24 lations and have not kept [them].* Return to
    me, and I will return to YOU,"^ Jehovah of ar'
    mies&has said.
    Jecs:la
    And YOU have said: "In what way shall we
    Zcc 1:3
    30:18
    ' FK 20.7
    :&22122

    3
    me
    OEX

    14:20

    %a

    r v u 18121

    ,E

    i0,h;z

    return?"
    8 "WilI earthling manb rob God?cn But YOU
    are robbing me."
    And YOU have said: "In what way have we

    robbed you?"
    "In the tenth0 partsa and in the contributi0ns.O' With the curse You are cursing [me],ee
    and me YOU are robbing-the nation in its entirety. lo Bring aI1 the tenth pal+-$ into the

    b. k "Earthling man." 31, a.damr; LXC,


    "God," 31, EE.o.kimF;Lxx, Th8.o~'; Trg;
    "Yon are cursing [me]."
    I ) e f w s . d "Tenth pds." Orj "tithes."
    RT, ~~z~a.p.~sdna',
    In support of this, Gesenius' Introduction fa tks
    dfnssoretico-Critiaa7 Ed!tion of t7aa Hebrew Bible, pages 362, 303,
    H ~ S '(The
    :
    oldest Massoxah in tho St. Petmburg Godm of A.D,
    !!16, ~ h i c hregisters these alterations of [Ses bottom of west pag8.j
    a

    See Xalaehi 1:4,footnote

    rr~a'tkro.~os;
    Jrg, ho'mo,

    MALACHI 3 :11-14

    388

    389

    MALACHI 3:l-:2

    storehouse, that there may come to be food In


    kept the obltgation to him, and that we have
    .zcc'i:~
    my
    and test me out, please, in this re- tZ,Fc$tiil
    walked dejectedly on account of Jehovah of
    ~ p e c t , "Jehovah
    ~
    of armies&has said, "whether ,,1;;cfy7:';:la 'I'r 21 w armies?nx' U n d ~t present we are pronouncing
    I shall not open t o YOU people the floodg~tesof 2co 9.8
    presumptuous people happy." Also, the doers of
    Ibl(T L2:l
    t h e heaven&vand actually empty out upon m u
    srt .1:7
    wickedness have been built up.k Also, they have
    ,
    %
    :
    h l . 2 S 11
    ~ K 7.19
    I
    a blessing until there is no more want."^
    tested Godb out and, keep getting away.' 'D
    I(:c
    yLn 2G:fQ
    #
    !!.31
    I<'
    11 "And I will rebuke for YOU the dwouring f,T:i
    ~
    t
    ~
    ~
    1
    31 6
    : A
    ~ t~ that time thosein fear of Jehovahr
    lo
    A*' "1'? 1
    one," and it will not ruin for YOU the frrrit' OF ;;;:&T;,l:
    each one with his comI : ,I, :,.,g spoke with one ranothe~,
    the ground, aor will the vine in the field prove
    panion,.
    and
    Jehovah
    kept paying attention and
    ;
    CML I : I
    fruitless for POU,'" Jehovah of armies&has said. ?
    1istening.k And a book: of remembran* began
    ~ ' ~ 01
    + .tg
    t o be written up before himu for those in fear of
    12 "And all the nations' mill actually pro- ?gi,'IT4
    ul)n ~ : I O
    20: 1 a Jehovah and for those thinking upon his name,'
    nounce YOU happy,- for YOU yourselves mill be- :$; ;g
    \'l"4 z t h 7
    1-n :'flm*
    come a land of delight,''AJehovah of armiesa
    17 "And they will certainty become mine,lfy
    y.1
    21 :A7
    a;>;;,:
    :
    has said.
    Jehovah
    of armies" has said, "at the day when
    A Y lc n:7
    v.1~:~1<1:5
    n
    13 "Stsong have been YOUR words against r1 I ~L G?:4
    Ign 09:;~ I am plwdudng a special property." And I will
    11:41
    7 1'4% :!,<I
    a r m 5119
    me,"'oJehovah has said.
    show cernpassianQupon them, just as a mana
    I
    1.1
    Tsn 2U:IQ
    And YOU have said: "What have we spakm 9i1h?:4
    shows con~passionuwn his SOW who is serving
    i'$:1"n'A\3
    +T~ ~[ >O lL40:s
    1, : ~
    with one another against you?""
    ~ ~ h3rn.'
    ~ $And~row$people will again certainly wee
    [the
    distinction] between a righteous3 one and
    14 "'You have said, 'It is of no value t o serve
    a
    wbked
    one,'l between one serving Godb and
    GodmC@
    And what profit is there in that we have ai:,0,b5gi15
    'if;;
    one
    who
    has
    not served him,""
    hM
    l l nt 1:<:*13
    129
    [Contiraved from bowom of prsviot4s page.] the Boph~rirn~
    ~ d d two
    s
    marc examples mhieh are not given in any of the mcicnt docu"For,r look! the dayo I s coming that is bumments. . , The catch~ordf o r the second c h ~ n g eis qo.bEyirn' [nro
    ! l n llke
    ~ the furnace,@and all the presumptuOPR
    yt
    wfl
    l3:.ra
    robbing] which manifestly refws to Nslachi IEI 9. The orimnal
    > ' I1 :
    ous
    ones
    and all those doing wickedness must
    -J\R 5;Z.l
    rending hew m a : 'with ? curse ye bore cata,ssdJ (moa.r'rint'), tho
    become as stubble.' And the day that is c m i n g
    nclive participle as E endent from the paraUelM:
    ML3.13
    rll)
    lrr
    1-c h a w em-sed with a curse
    will certainly devour them," Jehovah of armiesa
    :i!;t;:q:,lo
    And ye hare robbed me.
    has said, "so that it will not leave t o them either
    "As this carswas pronounced ngninst God which wos blne
    ?;!f,;
    mot or b0ugh.l And to YOU who are in fear of
    phemy in the highest degree, the nctiw was chapl~pd into the
    mI L1Ut ?,A<?
    U
    xfi
    pawire b~ the mbstitntion of A-rtn [ I ] for Jlcw [D J trhiclb nnlv
    name t h e stm of righteousness0 will certainFy
    I.:,.1.i
    1.c
    {
    : 'i, J 'my
    make* this ehusc quite detached from tbe rest of tbc wntoi~cc.Tlre
    shine
    forth,*with healing in its wings;' and YOU
    ,Ivr
    -1f.r
    d
    3
    l
    I:E
    17
    a n s i e t ~to mitigate this clanse is also seen from the rwcnsinn rvh~cl~
    tbc Grwk trnnzlntors hrtd before them since the Srptungini ELXSj
    a Kcr Maln~hi 1: 4, fmtnota h. b4'God+" Mx El.o.iim"; LXX,
    eshihits bum.ntar.eh' af.teqra' 7 0 - i d ita a cisloti yp ~ U Z ' CSCCR." JI1
    ,

    e&

    r h r

    '*TOD

    n r e cursed" (ne.a.riwt).

    3h1achi 1:4, footnote b. b Or, "the enter"; refirring to an


    insect, t'"GaiL'' H, ELa.himt; LdXX, The.08'; Tg, Ds'uers.
    a See

    T k r . 0 ~ ' ; TR, Det*$. 0 Or, "rmrd." "'aIan." 14 ifR. *"Will again


    rr~.tninlgare." Elora Literally, "will ca.tainly return m d see," 31.
    'I'l~i, IR tcr& 19 in 31, and chapter 3 continues on to the end of
    hl11l'n.ehl's prapl~ecy;but here chapter 4 beglns in LXiXTgSyT.

    MALACHI 4 :M

    390

    wiIl actually go forth and paw the ground like


    ~EIM
    49:9
    fattened calves."k
    Jer 50:ll
    3 "And YOU people will certainly tread down
    [the] wickedD ones, for they will become as O M t 2 2 ; U
    powder under the soles of YOUR feet in the day
    on which I am actlng,"n Jehovah of armies&has n$cFyo
    Zec I O : ~
    said.
    R b 16:20
    4 "REMEMBER
    the law of Moses mv servant
    with which I commanded"him in ~o'rebp concerning all Israe1,U even regulations and judi- 9 M t z : s
    ciaP decisions.br
    crDe~7:a
    4:5t
    5 "Look! I am sending t o YOU people E-li'jahc pti4139
    the prophets before the coming of the great and sEk$3$
    >=-inspiring day of Jehovakt And he must
    turn the heart0 of fathers back toward sons, c$f~;;it4
    5:st
    and the heart of sons back toward fathers; in kkp","i2!o
    order that I may not come and actually strike
    t h e e&hdQ with a devoting [of it] t o destruc- EEit9':k
    zw 14:11
    ti~n."~~
    Re 22:s
    a Bee Malachi 1:4, footnote b.
    The LXX revers= verse 4 miI

    APPENDIX

    . . .. .. .. ., ,. 393
    395
    . . . , .,399
    398
    2:6. . . . , . . 409

    GENEBLS5:22, 24
    GENESIS 15:2.
    GENESIS 18:3. r
    1 S m m 1:10., r

    IS-

    r . .

    :%%A6

    the concluding verses to make the prophecy end with t h i s verse, so


    that thus the praphecy ends on a hopeful note. This confo~mst o
    the Jewish custom o f not closing a hook of the Holy Soriptures
    with words of condemnation and henee their custom of repeating
    la hopeful verse at the end of a hook.
    "E.li'~ah.'~M, E.lk,y.yakl;
    L X X V g , "E.li'as." Or, "land." N, er'ets; L X X , gg; Tg, tor'ra.
    * Or, "with a ban." Because of this ending t o the prophecy the
    Jevish oustom is tu repeat vewe 5 after the close, of this hook,
    that is, veme 23 in $1. The Jewish custom is t o make like repetitions at the end of Isaiah Lamentations and Ecclesiaptes, as here
    in Xalachi.

    SUBJECTS

    . .. ..
    ..

    A.do.atz~'-~'hRD"
    395 "JEHOVAR"
    (134 TXMIW m
    Bmm WORDS
    Imsx~nFOR
    PLACED BY A.do.my')
    396
    QUICK INFORM.\TION 428 "MOUTHOF JEHOVAH''
    Im
    CHMNOF O U T B T W D ~BDLE
    G
    F R A C ~ N T OF
    B GREEK
    SUBTECT~
    A N D BIBLEPROPER TEXT)
    ,
    422
    NAME@
    mm..m...rr4Z5
    S ~ O . mL. m m . . r r . 1 . 4 O Q
    "EMENDATIONS
    OF TEE
    SOUL
    +
    , 399
    SOP HER^" (Tiqqulbei
    TETRAGRMCMATON IN ANCIENT
    XopheHm)
    398
    G-K
    vmsroNS , , 413
    F~~TE
    EXTRAORDTMARY
    BN
    "lkn Gm" . . . . ,
    , 393
    POINTS. . .
    .
    , 417
    "THE [TROFI LORD''
    416
    G~HENNA
    ..
    .
    411
    'THEWORDOF JEHOVAR"
    "GLORYOF JEHOVAH" (m
    i u m a m a ~m DIVINE
    PHOENICIAN
    LETTERS JN

    ..
    . . . . . . . .. .

    . . . . . . .. . .
    ..
    .. ... ..
    d

    ... . .. . .

    . .. .. . . .. .. .
    GREEKTEXT)
    . . . . . . .423
    GODS. . . . . . . . . , . . , 419
    HWTORY
    . . . . .. , . . . . 391
    Ito.'led6th:
    yevkmewg

    -.*.,...*-421
    9- ( T m
    01 BIBLEBOOKS)
    411
    M-)

    OF

    . .. .

    Ueneds 2: 4
    "hishrf'
    Hebrew; he bibZos ye.a&se.bs, .fi 6[6?,og
    Cuthe book of source Igeneratfon)"I, Greek)

    n n4m,

    The Hebrew word to.lerEdtW pon (1939), and by the Monks


    Is here translated as "history" of Maredsous (19491,all these

    by the German Elberfelder Bi- reading "histofre"; and by the


    ble (reading "Geschichte") ; Spanish Bible edition by J. M.
    and by the French Bible edi. Bover and F. Cantera Bwgos
    tions by Achille Cardinal Lie- (1947),reading "historfa," T h e
    nart (1951), by Canon A, Cram- Twenty-four Books of the Holy
    391

    Scriptures, by the American phrase, These are the genera.

    t h e Confraternity of Christian gle, Dr. Drlver says (Gsrzesis,


    Doctrine and translated by p.fiii),'The narrative of Genesis
    members of t h e Catholic Bib- is cast into a framework. o r
    Iical Assodation of America scheme, marked by the recur(1948--1,
    renders the He- ring formz~la "these are the
    brew word as "story," but has gewrations (lit., begettings)
    the footnote thereon : "Story: of , !' The entire narrative
    or Kstary, Literally: 'genesa- as we now possess it is ac.
    Uons! "
    commodated to it.'
    . The
    Gesenius' Hebrew w d Chal- formula is used eleven times
    dss Lesicon of th& Old Testa- in Genesis. As to its importance
    ment Scripturns, as translated there can be no doubt, f o r
    by Samuel. Prideaux Tregelles, so significant did the Sephra.
    LL.D. (18591, says, on page gint translators regard it, that
    859, under the Hebrew word they gave the whole Book the
    to.Zod5EW: "(2) histow, prop- title 'Genesis,'the Greek equiverly of families. Gen. 6:9, alent of the Hebrew word
    81JlehtoJ~d6t7zfiVofahh 'this is translated 'generations.' f , ,
    t h e history of Noah.' Genesis in fact, the maill history of the
    3 7 ~ 2 :and thus also applied t o person narned has been writ.
    t h e origin of other things. Gen. ten before the phrase and most
    2:4, 'this is the origin of the certainly is not written after
    It is therefore clear
    heaven and earth! (Compare it, ,
    wa'hfias and Syriac sJtar"ba that this phrase is not an introfamily, genealogy, history.)"
    ducff on or preface t o the hisSays P. J. Wiseman, C.B.E., tory of a person a s is sa often
    in his book entitled "New Dis- imagined. . . !I . , , It is therecoveries ira Babylonia About fore evident that the formula
    Genesis'' (fourth edition, 19461,
    not a preamble to a geneain chapter 5, entitled "The Key is
    That Unlocks the Book," pages logical list but an ending to
    45ff: "The master-key to the such a list or narrative. This
    discovery 09 the composition of may be seen from numerous
    the Book of Genesis is to be early tablets." On the use o f
    found in t h e proper use of the the demonstrative p r o n o u n

    Cfenests 8 : 22, 24

    . .

    ..

    lowing eleven critical verses:


    Genesis 2 : 4 ; 5:1; 6:9; 10:l;
    I1:IO; 11:21; 25:12; 25:19;
    36:I; 36:9; 37:2.
    See a?
    "Matthew 1:i 'hlstary'
    on page 757 of the
    TranaIafwn renders the He- Appendix of the N e w W o r l d
    brew word to.l@dbtht consist- T r a ~ e T a t hof the C h ~ k t i a n
    ently as "history" in the fal- &e& BcripEacrea (19!30).

    refer to what precedes, attention is called t o the


    finalverseof thebookofleviticus and the final verse of the
    hoak of Numbers.
    111 Genesis the Hew World
    these to

    ...

    rabbi and journalist, Isaac tions of


    ' If this key is
    Leeser, renders the word in handled properly, it will be
    the customary way as "genera- seen that i t solves every litertions," but has the footnote ary difflcdty, critical o r other.
    thereon: " 'The bistoe of the wise. 1 AIL scholars appear t o
    creation,'-MENDELSSOHN."
    agree that this Is t h e most
    The Bible edition sponsored significant and distinguishing
    by the Episcopal Committee of phrase in the Book. For exam.

    This i s the English translation of the Hebrew expression


    ~ Y ; F > K ~ ha-El-eMmf,
    ,
    namely,
    the Hebrew title Eho-him';
    which i s the plural number of
    t h e word E2.orah and which
    means "God" when applied t o
    t h e Creator Jehovah, preceded
    by the Hebrew definite article
    Ira. Beginning with I Samuel
    4:4 we have rendered thjs ex.
    pression. when applying t o the
    Creator Jehovah, ''Tile Ctrucl

    - "The Uod"

    under the heading "The Various Uses of the Plural-form,"


    it says, on pages 398, 399, in

    paragraph g :
    "The p'luralia exceZlenthe or
    naakstatds . . is properly a
    variety o f the abstract plural,
    since i t sums up the several
    characteristics belonging t o the
    idea, besides possessing the
    secondary sense of an ilatelest
    fication of the original idea. It
    is thus closely related to the
    God."
    plurals of amplification
    .
    ThattheHebrewplural word which are mostly found in
    E&o-him' as applied t o the poetry, So especially ~ ' i l ? ~
    Creator Jehovah does not Godhead, God (to be distlnmean that there are a number guished from the numerical
    of gods in this one divinity but plural gods, Exodus 12:12,&c.).
    that this word EI.o.him/ is The supposition that h ' a ? ~1s
    merely in the plural number of to be regarded as merely a
    excellence or of majesty, we remnant of earlier polytheistic
    refer to Gesenius' Hebrew a e w s Ithat Is, as originally
    Grammar as edited and en- only a numerical plural) is at
    larged by the late E. Kautzsch least highly improbable, and,
    and revised in its second moreover, would not explain
    EngIisb edition by A. E. Cowlcy the analogous plurals (see
    and reprinted photographically below). That the language has
    in Great Britain at the Uni- entirely rejected t h e idea of
    versIty Press, Oxford, in 1949, numerical plurality in 0 ' 3 ) ~
    from corrected sheets of the (whenever it denotes one God),
    second edition. In section 124 i s proved especially by its be-

    ..

    APPENDIX

    ..

    ing almost invariably joined Greek and EngUsh; thu8: .


    with a singular attribute . , , (dl When terms applying to
    f o r example, PITY b v i l ? ~Psalm whole classes are restricted
    '?:lo, &c. Hence D+;])N may (simply by usage) to particud
    have been used originally not lar individuals . . or things,
    only as a numerical but also f o r example. IbW udvm-saw,
    as an abstract plural ( c o l ~ e -pt&*?'i
    the adver~aw, Safa~d;
    sponding t o the L a t h mumem, 393 Zord, 3Y3il Baa8 as proper
    and our Godhead), and, Like name of the god; D'lNn the
    other abstracts of the same (first) maw, Adam; ~+i15uilo r
    kind, have been transferred to %;ho
    I Sheds, the oNe t n ~ eGod
    a concrete single god (even (compare also ho Khhstds in
    the New Testament) : ." And
    of the heathen)."
    In suppart of our rendering section 141,entitled "The Nounnr;l)Mn into Engllsh as " m e clause," says, in paragraph f,
    [true] ~ o d , "tve refer t o the on page 453: "To what period
    above GeseufusiHebrewGram- of time the statement applies
    .may, under section 126, en. must be inferred from the conby text; for example, 1 Kings 18:
    e e
    i na
    of the ~ ~ t i ~ l and
    ~ , , 21
    f Drh>Kh nlnl th@Lord h fh%
    true
    God; . . ."
    paragraph d on pages 404, 405~ For the reader's quick referwhich says: "The article is, ence we list below the verses
    generally speakfng, emPlo~ed where the Hebrew expression
    t o determine a substantive ha-EZ.o.himf, as applying to the
    wherever it is required by Creator Jehovah, occurs:

    ..

    "=

    Genesia 5:22, 24; 6:2,4, 9, 11; 17:18; 20:6,17; 22:1, 3, 9; 27:28


    31:ll; 35:7; 41:25, 28, 32, 32; 42:18; 44:16; 4 5 : 8
    48:15, 15.
    Exodus 1:17, 21; 2:23; 3:1, 6, 11, 12, 13; 4:20, 27; 14:19: 17: 9
    13:5, 12, 16, 19, 19; 19:3, 17, 19; 20:20, 21; 21:6, W;
    22:X, 9 ; 24:U, 13.
    Numbers 22:10; 23:27.
    Deuteronomy 4:35, 39; 7 : 9 ; 33:l.
    Joshua 34:6; 22:34; 24:l.
    Judges 6:20,36, 39;7;14;X3:6, 6, 8, 9, 9;16:28; 18:31; 20:2,27;
    21: 2.
    1 Samuel4:4, 8, 8, 13, 1?,18,19, 2 1 , 2 2 ; 5 : l J 2 , 10, 10,11;6:20;
    9:7,8, 10; 10:3, 5, 7; 14:18, 18, 36.
    2 Samuel 2:27; 6:2,3, 4, 6,7, 7, 12, 12; 7:2,28;B:16; 14:17,20;
    15:24, 24, 25, 29; 16:23;19:27.
    1 Kings 8:60;12:22, 22; 13:4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 14, 14, 21, 26,
    29, 31; 17:18; 18:21, 24, 24, 37, 39, 39; 19:s;20:28,

    395

    2 Kings 1:9, 11, 12, 13; 4:7, 16, 21, 22, 25, 25, 27, 27, 40, 42;
    5:8, 14,15, 20; 6:6, 9, 10,15; 7:2, 17, IS, 19; 8:2, 4 , 7 ,
    8, 11;13:19; 19:15;23:16,17.
    1 Chronfcles 5:22; 6:48, 49; 9:11, 13, 26, 27;13:5,6, 7,8, I2,12,
    14: i4:11, 14, 15, 36; 15:1, 2, 15, 24, 26; 16:1, 1,6, 42;
    17:2,21, 26; 21:7, 8, 15, 17; 22:1, 2, 19, 19; 23:14, 28;
    24:5; 25:5, 5, 6 ; 26:20,32; 28:3, 12, 21; 29:7.
    2 Chronicles 1:3, 4; 3:3; 4:11, 19: 5:1, 14; 1:5: 8:14; 9:23;
    10:15; 11:2; 13:12,15; 15:f8; 18:5: 19:a; 22:12; 23:3,9;
    24:7, 9, 13, 16, 20, 27; 25:7, 8, 9, 4, 20, 2 4 ; 26:5, 5, 7 ;
    28:24, 24; 29:38; 30:16, 19; 31: 13, 14, 21; 32: 16, 31;
    33: 7, 13; 35: S; 36:16,18, 19,
    Ezra 1:3, 4, 5; 2:68; 3:2, 8, 9 ; 6:22; 8:36; 10:1,6, 9.
    Nehemiah 4:15; 5:13; 6:10; 7:2; &:6, 8, 16; 9:7;10:28, 29, 29;
    11:11, 16, 22; 12:24, 36, 40, 43; 13:1, 7, 9, 11.
    Job 1:6; 2:1, 10,
    Psalms ST: 3; 90: superscriptton.
    Ecclesiastes 2:24, 26; 3:11, 14, 14, 15, 17, 18; 5:1, 2, 2, 6, 7,
    18, 19; 6:2, 2; 7:13, 14, 26, 29; 8:12,15, 17; 9:1, 7 ;
    11:5, 9; 12:7, 13, 14.
    Jeremiah 35: 4.
    Isaiah 3T:16; 45:B.
    Ezekiel 31:9.
    Daniel 1:2, 9, 17; 9: 3, 11.
    Jonah 1:6;3:9, 10, 10; 4:7.
    5 ~ kmEZ,
    ~ 1 which has the Hebrew definite article ha before
    t h e title El, the plural number of which is El*im', has also
    been rendered "the God" in Genesis and Deuteronomy, but
    "The Ctruel God" from 2 Samuel 22:33. forward. For the
    reader's quick reference we list below 231e verses where the
    Hebrew expression &-El occurs, as applyhg to the Creator
    Jehovah:
    Genesis 31: 13; 35:1, 3: 46:3.
    Deuteronomy 7:Q;10:17;33;26.
    2 Samuel 22:31, 33, 4%
    Nehemiah 1:5; 9:32.
    Job 13:8: 21:14; 22:17; 31:28; 33:6; 34:10, 37; 40:9.
    Psalms i8:30, 32, 47; 57:Z; 68:19, 20; 77:14; 85:8.
    Isaiah 5:16; 42:s.
    Jeremiah 32: 18.
    Danlel 9:4.
    13y looking up the footnotes on the abovecited verses the
    reader wlLl gain more information relative to the Hebrew

    expressions ha=Ebo-him)and ha-El.


    Qenwia 15:2

    - A.do.nayP- 4dLord"

    This Hebrew word A.do,naf occurs 432 times in the Masoretic text (MI.It i s applied exclusively to Jehovah God.

    However, there were 134 pas- nay*is jn the verse cited above,
    sages in M where the Jewish where i t precedes t h e divine
    Sopherim claim that they sub- name t o produce the combhastituted this word A.do.nap' for tion A.domayf Yuho.wih', which
    the name Ysho.wpN It'Jeho- is translated "Lord Jehovah."
    vahy')in the primitive Hebrew (From Psalm 71:5,16 forward
    text. (See below on this same "Sovereign Lord Jehovah.")
    page under "Genesis 1S:3 - This combination occurs 280
    'Jehovah"') We have there- times by itself.
    fore restored the name "Jeho.
    Besides this, beginning with
    vah" t o those 134 pasflages, P s a h 69:6, the combination
    and thus reduced the number A.do..nccyt Y*JEo.wdh' teeba.df?~'
    of occurrences of A.do.na$f to ("Sovereign Lord Jehovah of
    298 times.
    armies") occurs 16 times, as
    The first occurrence of A-do. loIlows:

    Fsalrn 69:B: Isaiah 3:15; 10:23, 24; 22:5, 12, 14, 15; 28:22;
    Jeremiah 2:19;46:10, 10; 49:5: 50:25, 31: Amos 9:s
    ("of the armies").
    Beginning with Psalm B:B, A-domnag' follows the divine
    name, t o form the combination Yeho-wih' A.dobaayt ("Jehovah
    the Sovereign Lord"), in five passages, as follows:
    Psalms 68:20; 109:21; 140:7; 141:8; Habakkuk 3:19.
    A.&+nay' ("the Sovereign Lord") occurs in Psalm 35:23b,
    and there we rendered it "my Sovereign Lard," in order for
    St to run parallel wfth "0 my God," on the same line, LXX
    (34:23) reads: ho K y ' ~ & o smou; V g 134:23), Do'mimzcs pns'us.
    But A-cb-naf here should be YfI~o.wah'.See below.
    Following the later practice of the Jewish rabbis in reading
    A~do*nnyf
    instead of the divine name YcRo.wah', the later copyists of the Greek LXX substituted the anai-throus Greek title
    R y 0 r i h ~("Lord;
    s
    Master") for the Hebrew tetragrammaton
    mar, which had been transliterated into the Greek text.

    I h n ~ A-&stayf,
    ,
    Hebrew Masoretic Text; K ~ Q LREy t ~ . sGreek
    ,
    L X X ; D o J n a i ~ sLatin
    ,
    Vg; Maflya, Syrlac Peshjtta; !!, YeYa,
    Aramaic Targum of Onkelos; "My lords," Sarnarftan Fentateuch,with the following second-person pronouns in the pIural
    number)
    The above i s one of the 134 they altered the primitive Replaces where the Jewish So. brew text to read Ado.nagt
    pherim or scribes claim that (meaning "Lord") instead of

    YahomwabP
    (l'Jehovah'Jl. In all the primitive Hebrew text. I t
    these places we have taken the would be profitable f o r the
    reading of t h e primitive He- reader of the New World
    brew text instead of that of Translation t o refer to the
    the traditional Hebrew Maso. footnotes that are dven in
    retic text and thus have ren- these 134
    discern
    dered the divine
    yeho- how the text of individual He.
    tmht into the English as "Jeho- brew
    and also the
    vah." Below we list aIL the
    places shorn fn the Mas. reading of the vaI'fous ancient
    sdrah ( a a ra g r a a h g 107.115, versions in Latin, Greek, syri~ i n s h u r s sedition-), where we ac and Aramaic support the
    have followed the reading of primitive Hebrew text,
    Genesis 18:3, 27, 30, 31, 32; 19:18; XO:4.
    Exodus 4:10,13; 5:22; 15~17;
    .314:9,9.
    hTumhersl4:f7.
    Joshua 7:8.
    1. Kings 3:10, 15; 22:6.
    Judges 6 : 1 5 ; 13:s.
    Ema 10:3.
    2 Kings 7:6; 19:W.
    J o b 28: 28,
    Nehemiah 1 : l l ; 4: 14.
    Psalms 2:4;16:2; 22: 30; 30:s; 35:17, 22, 23;3T:13; 38:9,15, 22;
    39:7; 4Q:Ii'; 44:W;51:15; 54:4: 55:9; 57:9; 59:11;
    62:12; 66:18; 68:11, 17, 19, 22, 28, 32; W:20; 77:2, 7;
    78:65; 79:12; 96:3, 4 5, 8, 9, 12, 15; 89:49,50; 90:1,17;
    110:s; W0:2, 3, 6.
    Tsalah 3:17, 18; 4:4: 6:1, 8, 11; 7:14, 20; S:7; 9:8, I?; 10:12;
    11:11; 21:6, 3, 16; 28:2; 29:13; 30:20; 37:24; 38:14, 16;
    49:14.
    Lamentations 1:14,15,15;2:1,2,5,7, 18, 3 9 , 2 0 ; 3:31,36,37,58,
    Ezekiel 18:25, 29; 21:9; 33:17, 20.
    Daniel 1:2; 9:3, 4, 7, 9, 15, 16, 17, 19, 19, 19.
    Amos 5:16; 7:7,8; 9:1,
    Micah 1:2.
    Malachi 1;12,14,
    Zecharlah 9:4.
    In addition t a the above, we
    O n the above Scripture cita.
    tions we refer the reader to call attention to the following
    Dr, S o 1 o m o n Mandellern's places where the Jewish So(1925) Veterb T e s t u m e ~ tCONi
    pherim claim they altered the
    cordantiae HeBraicai a F q a E primitive Hebrew text 'to read
    C7~al
    daicaa I"H e b s e w a n d El-o.7zimf I"God") instead of
    Chaldean Concordance of t h e Yeho.wahl ("Jehovah" :
    Old Testament"), gage 16, eol. Psalms ItZ:l, 2, 5 ; 53:1, 2, 4,5.
    umns 1-3,and page 1432, cold A change similar to the latter
    u m n 3, under VJ7K hlilh.
    was claimed to have been

    made by the Jewish Sopherim Hebrew text to read "Jehovah"


    in 2 Samuel 5:19-25; 6:9-17; rve refer the reader to Zecha.
    1 Chronicles 13:12; 14:10, 11, riah 6 : 8 , where the final yod
    14, 16; 16:l.However, in these ("i") in the Hebrew word is
    places we have followed the understood t o be an abbreviareading of the Hebrew text as tion of the divine name instead
    published by Rudolf Kittel and of meaning "my." This may
    hi^ survivors, A. Alt, 0. MSS- also be the case in Ezekiel
    feldt and P. Kahle. (See THE 43:3; Habakkuk 3:19; ZephaHcBRaw TEXT on page 19 of niah 2 : U ; Zechariah 11:10
    (once f o r "my" and once for
    the Foreword of Volume I of "I1'):
    14:5. But the reverse
    the New World F~anslationof appears to be the case in
    ths Hebrew S m i p t ~ w e s . )See Judges 19:18, where evidently
    the footnotes to these verses "my"was intended rather than
    f o r additional information.
    the divine name. See the footFor another rendering of the n ~ t e son the above verses.
    wEmendsti~ns
    of the Sopherlm" (Tiqqund Sophsrlm)

    In standard Hebrew manuscripts the Mass6rah, that is, the


    small writing in the margins o f the page, contains a note
    opposite a number o f Hebrew passages that reads: "This is
    one of the eighteen Emendations of the Sopherim," or similar
    words. These emendations o f the Jewish Sophexim were called
    tiqquaei Bophmim. These emendations were made, evidently
    with good intentions, because the original passage in the Hebrew text appeared to show ir~everencef o r Jehovah God o r
    disrespect fGh1s earthly representatives. However, there were
    more t h a n eighteen a f such emendations. Below we list twentveight of suchYtiqWmei Bopherim, in the most of which we ha;e
    corrected the reading according t o the original, unemended
    text.
    Genesis 18:22.
    Ectlesiastes 3: 21.
    Numbers 11:15; 12:12.
    Jeremiah 2: 11.
    1 Samuel 3 :13.
    Lamentations 3:20,
    2 Samuel 12:14;16:12;20:l. Ezekiel 8:17.
    1 Kings 12:16; 21:10, 13.
    Hosea 4: 7.
    2 Chronicle8 f0:16.
    Habakkuk 1:B.
    Job 1:5, 11; 2:5, 9;7:20; 32:3. Zechariali 2~12.
    Psalms 30:3; 106:20.
    Malachi 1:l2; 3: 9.

    The feader wfU do well to read the footnotes to these verses.

    1 Samuel 1:10

    - 14soul"

    I v Dfleph'~sb,
    ~,
    Hebrew; q q & pspcBB', Greek; aFd.ma,Lath)
    As in the Octateuch, or ffrst eight books of the Hebrew
    Scriptures, contained In the first volume o f the N e w World
    Trulzslatio.12 of tlzs Hebrew Scriptrcres, we have succeeded in
    consistently rendering the Hebrew word nepi~'8ah as "soul"
    throughout the rest of the Hebrew Scriptures, from 1Samuel
    through Malachi. By studying over t h e context o f the Hebrew
    word nep7esh in Its 519 occurrences h this latter, larger portion of t h e Hebrew Scriptures the investigator can learn dis.
    tinguishing features about the soul in its true meaning. To
    aid in this we have grouped below, under various headings,
    the texts where the Hebrew word wpft'esh occurs. This list
    bears a comparison with that given in the Appendix of the
    New World Translation of tlm Hebrew Eci-iptures, Volume I,
    pages 544-851,and the New World Tra~alatiolzof t7te CI~ristiun
    Greek Scriptures, pages 762-766.It will further aid the student
    if he consults the footnote given on the word Jn any verse.
    Life rn an hiintelligent person or an animal
    1 Samuel

    1:10
    1:15

    19:5
    19:lX
    20:l

    24:11

    26:21
    26:24

    she was bitter of soul; also 222; 30:6; 2Sa 17:s;


    2% 4 : X : Job 3:20; 7:11; 10:lb; 21~25;27:2;
    Pr 31:6: Isa 38:15; EZe 27:31.
    I pour out my soul before Jehovah; also Job 30:16;
    Ps 42:4; 141:8; Isa 53:12; La 2:12.
    he proceeded to put his soul in Ms palm; also
    28:21: Job 13:14; Ps X19:109.
    If you are n o t letting your soul escape; abo 2Sa
    19:5; 1Ki 1:12; Ps 17:13; 89:48; 116:4; 124:7;
    Jer 48:6; 51:6, 45; Eze 3 3 ~ 5 ;Am 2:14, 15.
    he is seeking for m y soul; also 22:23; 23:15; 25:29;
    2Sa 4:8; 16:11; 1Ki 3:ll; 19:10, 14; 2Ch 1:11;
    Ps 38:E;40:14;54:s; 63:9; 10:2; %:14; Pr 29:lO;
    Ec 1:28; Ca 3:1,2, 3, 4; 5 : 6 ; Jer 4:30;11:21;18:7,
    9; 21:7; 22:25;34:20,21; 38:16b;44:30, 30;46:26;
    49 :37.
    you are lying in wait for my soul; also Ps 56:6;
    59:3; 71:iO;Pr 1:18; 626.
    my soul has been precious; also 2Ki 1:13, 14.
    your soul was great this day in my eyes; (twice),

    APPENDIX
    28:9
    are you acting like a trapper against my soul
    2 Samuel
    1:9
    my soul i s yet in me
    4:9
    Jehovah who redeemed my soul; also 1Ki 1:29;
    Job 33:28; Ps 34:22;49:8,15;S5:18; 91:23;72~14.
    14:7
    we may put him to death for the soul of hls brother
    18:13
    dealt treacherously against his soul
    23: 17
    at the risk of their souls; also 1Ch 11:19; La 5:9.
    1 Kings
    2:4
    with all their heart and with all their soul; also
    8:48; 2Ki 23:3, 25; 2Ch 6:38;15:12; 34:31,
    2:23
    agahst his own soul that Adonijah spoke
    11:21
    cause the soul of this chlId to come back; also v,22.
    29:2
    1S
    I shall not make your soul like the soul of
    each one of them
    19:3
    he rose up and began to go for his soul
    20:39
    your soul wlll have to take the place of his soul;
    also v. 42.
    2 Kings
    1:7
    they kept fleeing for their soul
    lo:%
    the one's soul will go for the other's sou1
    1 Chronicles
    2X:9
    serve him ,
    with a delightful soul

    ...

    2 Chronicles
    1:il
    not asked
    Esther

    7:3
    7:7
    Job
    2: 4

    2:6
    14:22
    16:4
    19:2
    27:s
    31:39
    33:lB

    ..

    . . . for the soul of

    those hating you

    let there be glven me m y own soul


    Waman
    stood up to make request for his soul;
    also 8:11; 9:16.

    ...

    he win g h e in behalf of his soul


    Only watch out for his soul
    I should keep prolonging my soul
    in whose hand is the soul of everyone alive
    his own soul while within him will keep mourning
    If o r ~ l yyour souls existed in the place of my soul
    H o w long will you men keep irritating my soul
    in case God carries off his soul from him
    the soul of its owners I have caused to pant
    He keeps his soul back from the pit

    Psalms

    6 :4

    0 Jehovah, do rescue my soul; also 22:20; 33:19;


    56:13; 86:13; L18:8;120:2;Pi- 23:14; Isa 44:20;
    47:14; Jer 20:13; Eze 3:39, 21; 14:14, 20; 33:9.

    88:3

    94:21
    107:5
    143:6
    Proverbs

    Let an enemy pursue my soul; aBo 143:3,


    The enemies against my soul
    Do guard my soul; also 86:2; 97:10; 121:7; Pr 22:5.
    Do not take away my soul; also 31:13.
    my eye has become weak, my soul and my belly
    who are hunting for my soul; also Eze 13:18,20,
    D o bring back my soul from their ravages
    the souls of the poor ones he will save
    Do not give to the wild beast the soul of your
    turtledove
    my soul has had enough of calamities
    sharp attacks on the soul of the righteous
    soul
    . began t o faint away
    M y soul is Like an exhausted land to you

    ..

    It takes away the very soul of I t s ownera


    he has not known that it involves his very soul
    one i s caring for the sou1 of his ,
    animal
    The one guarding his mouth is keeping his s o d ;
    also 16:11; 19:16; 21:23.
    T h e ransom for a man's soul is his richea
    hfs lips are a snare for his soul
    he will certainly rob their robbers of soul
    that you may not . , . take a snare for your soul
    he restores the very soul of his masters
    partner with a thief is haling his own soul

    ..

    Isaiah
    3:18,20 Jehovah will take away . .. the "houses 09 the soul"
    10:18
    H e will bring to an end, even from the soul clear
    to the flesh
    His very soul has quivered withln him
    X5:4
    43:4
    I shall give men , . in place of your soul
    If you will set his soul as a guilt offering
    53:10
    Because of the trouble of his soul he will see
    53:11
    Jeremiah
    224
    a zebra
    at the longing of her soul
    17;21 Watch out for your souls
    working up a great calamity against our souls
    26:19
    will certainly come to have his soul; also 39:18.
    38:2
    who has made for us this soul
    38:16
    45:5
    I will give you your soul as a spoil
    Lamentations
    2:19
    an account of t h e soul. of your children

    . ..

    APPENDIX
    3ona h
    1:14
    2: 5
    2:7
    4:3

    not perish because of the sou1 of this man


    Waters encircled me clear to the soul
    When m y soul fainted away within me
    take away, please, my soul from me

    Habakkuk
    2:XO

    your soul is sinntng

    The animals lower than man are souls OF have soul

    Job
    41:21
    Ezekiel
    41:9

    Ita soul itself

    sets

    coals abIaze

    every living soul that swarms

    Sonl, a Iivlng person or individual

    1 Samuel
    22:22

    Ezekiel
    27:13

    2 Samuel
    14:14
    God does not take away a soul

    . ..

    money for the souls accordfng to


    valuation
    12r4
    1 Chronicles
    human souls a hundred thousand
    5:21
    Psalms
    19:7
    Iaw of Jehovah is perfect, bringing back the soul
    Proverbs
    11:25
    The generous sou1 will itself be made fat
    11:30
    he that is winning souls is wise
    Pleasant sayings a r e .
    , sweet t o the soul
    16:24
    19:2
    that the soul should be without knowledge i s not
    good
    a slack soul goes hungry; also 10:3.
    19:15
    As cold water upon a tired soul, so is
    25:25
    A soul t h a t is satisfied will tread down comb honey
    27:7
    to a hungry soul every bitter thing is sweet
    27:7

    ..

    27;9
    duetothecounselofthesoul
    Isaiah
    5:14
    She'ol Cpersonifledl has made Its soul spacious
    Jeremiah
    43:6
    every soul that Nebuzar-adan . . had Iet stay
    52:29
    eight hundred and thirty-ttvo souls; also v. 30.
    Lamentations
    3:25
    the soul t h a t keeps seeking for him

    . , , your articles . . .

    The creature s o d b mortal, destructible

    I Kings
    19:4
    20:31
    Job
    7:15
    ll:20
    18:4
    33: 22
    36:14
    PsaIms

    1 personally have wronged every soul

    2 Kings

    For the sauls of mankind


    were given

    124:4
    Proverbs
    28: 17
    Isaiah
    55: 3
    Jeremiah
    2:34
    4: 10
    1X:20
    38:17
    40:14

    Ezekiel
    13~19

    ask that his soul mfght die; also Jon 4:s.


    Perhaps he will preserve your soul alive; also v. 32,
    my soul chooses sudocation
    their hope will be an expiring of the soul
    He is tearing his soul to pieces in his anger
    his soul draws near ta the pit; also v. 30.
    Their soul will die in youth its&

    that no one may tear my soul to pieces


    no one will ever preserve his own soul alive
    He is setting our soul in life
    the waters have come clear to the soul
    He did net hold back their soul from death itself
    my soul would have resided h silence
    to send a wasting disease into their soul
    the torrent
    would have passed over our soul

    ...

    A man burdened with the bloodguilt f o r a soul


    Listen, and your soul wlll keep afive

    the blood marks oil the souls of the innocent


    the sword has reached clear to the soul
    they have excavated a pit for my soul
    your soul will . . keep living; also v. 20.
    Baalis . . . sent Ishmael
    , to strike you to the
    soul; also v. 15.

    ..

    that ought not to die and


    In order to preserve alive the souls that ought
    not to live
    in order to cut off many souls
    The soul that is sinning-it itself will die; also
    v. 20.
    A soul they actually devour
    in shedding blood, in destroying souls
    a sword comes and takes away from them soul
    to put to death the s o d s

    One's own self as a soul


    I Samuel
    1:26
    By t h e life of your soul; also 17355.
    2:16
    take for yourself just whatever your soul may
    crave; also 2Sa 3:21; 1K1 11:37; Job 23:13.
    2:33
    to make your soul pine away; also Ps 84: 2; 107:5;
    119:81,
    18:l
    Jonathan's very soul became bound up with the
    soul of David and Jonathan began to love him as
    his own soul; also v. 3; 20:17.
    20:3
    as your soul is living; also 25:26; ZSa 11:11; 14:19;
    2Ki 2:2, 4, 6; 4:30.
    20:4
    Whatever yaur soul may say I shall do
    in harmony with the desire of -your soul
    23:20
    2 Samuel
    5:s
    the lame and the blind, hateful to the soul o f David

    2 Kings

    935
    I f your soul agrees, do not let anyone go out
    1 Chronicles
    22:19
    set , yowl soul t e inquire after Jehovah

    Esther
    4:13
    9:31

    . .

    Do not imagine within your o w n soul


    just as they had imposed upon their own sou1

    Job
    6:7

    9:21
    10:l
    24:12
    30:25

    31:30
    32:2
    Psalms
    3:2
    6:3
    10:3
    11:l
    13:2
    23:3
    25:l
    25:13
    31:7
    33:20
    34:2
    35;3

    My soul has refused to touch anything


    Were 1 of Integrity, I would not know my soul

    My soul . . feels a loathing; also 33:20; Zec 11:8.


    the soul o f deadly wounded ones cries for help
    my soul has grieved; also Isa 19:lO.
    asking for an oath-bound curse upon kis soul
    his anger blazed over his justifying his o w n soul

    Many are saying of my soul


    my own soul has been very much disturbed
    the selfish longing of his soul; aIso Eze 24:25.
    How dare you men say t o my soul
    How long shall I set resistance in my soul
    M y soul he refreshes; also La 1:11, 16, 19.
    To you, O Jehovah, L raise my very soul
    His o m soul will lodge in goodness
    you have known about the distresses of my soul
    Our very soul has been in expectation of Jehovah
    In Jehovah my soul will make its boast
    Say t o my soul: "I am your salvation.'"

    without cause they have dug it f o r my soul


    let my own soul be joyful in Jehovah
    They reward me with . bereavement to my soul
    with fasting I afflicted m y s o d
    Do heal my soul
    my very soul longs f o r you, O God
    M y soul indeed thirsts for God; also Ps 63:l;
    143:6.
    Why are you in despair, O my soul; also v, 6:43:5,
    our soul has bowed down to the dust; also Ps 57 :6;
    119:25; Isa 5193.
    he kept blessing his own soul
    Jehovah is among those supporting m y soul
    in you my soul has taken refuge
    My swl is in the middle of lions
    toward God is my soul keeping silent; also v. 5.
    with the best part . . my soul I s satisfied; also
    Pr 13:25; Ec 8:2, 3, 7; Isa 5&:10, ll; Jer 50:19:
    Eze 7:19.
    My soul has c1oseIy followed you
    what he has done for my soul
    I proceeded to weep with the fasting of my soul
    Do come near t o my soul, reclaim it
    may those come to their end, who are resisting my
    soul
    m y soul has refused to be comforted
    Make the soul of your servant rejoice; (twice).
    W h y is It, 0 Jehovah, that you reject my soul?
    Bless Jehovah, 0 my soul; also w. 2, 22; 104:1,35.
    into irons his soul came
    Their soul got t o detest even every sort of food
    their very soul finds itself melting
    those speaking evil against my soul
    to save him from those judging his soul
    Return to your resting place, 0 my soul
    My s o d is crushed with longing
    My soul has been sleepless f r o m g r i ~
    Your reminders ,
    my soul has observd: also
    v. 167.
    May my soul keep living and praising you
    For too long a time my soul has tabernacled
    Abundantly our soul has had its fill; also Pr 6:30.
    there wouId have passed over our soul the waters
    0 Jehovah, my soul has hoped

    ..

    ..

    1
    130:8
    131:2
    1359
    139:14
    1.12:4
    142:7
    143r8
    143:I.l

    143:12
    146:1

    Proverbs
    2:XO
    3:22
    6:32
    8:36

    11:17
    13:4
    13:19

    M y soul has waited for Jehovah


    1 have soothed and quieted my soul
    you began to make m e bold In my
    my soul is very well aware

    soul

    . .

    knowledge . becomes pleasant to your very aroul


    they will pmve to be lIfe t o your soul
    he
    is bringlng hls o w n soul te rain
    the one missing m e is doing vlolencc to hlr s o d
    A man. is dealing rewardingly wlth hL own soul
    but hb soul has nothing; (twice).
    Desire when realized is pleasurable to the soul

    ..

    15:32

    Anyone shunning discipline is rejecting hi& own


    soul

    16~26
    19:8

    T h e soul of the toiler has toiled hard for him


    He that Is acqufrlng heart js loving hla own soul
    Anyone
    . is slnnjng againat hia own soul
    The very soul of the wicked one haa craved what

    20:2

    21:10

    ..

    ts bad

    For as one that ha4 calculated within hia soul


    24:12
    he himself that is observing your soul
    24:14
    In the same way, do know rvlsdom for your soul
    2S:25
    He that is arrogant in soul stirs up contention
    give much pleasure to your soul
    29: 17
    Ecclesiastes
    2:24
    he ehould eat
    and cause hla soul to see good
    4:s
    causing m y soul to lack in g o d thtnga
    The Song of Solomon
    23:T

    ...

    1:7

    Xaalah

    3:9
    26:8

    whom m y soul has loved


    Woe t o their soul

    .. .

    88:17
    44:20
    46:2

    the deSire of the ~ o u has


    l
    been; also v. 8.
    he
    awakes and his soul i s empty;
    his sairl
    is dried out; also 32:6; Ps 107:9.
    you yourself have become attached to my B a t
    hedoesnotdelivex hiasoul;alsoYer20:13,
    into captivity their own soul must go

    49:7

    Jehovah

    29:8

    ...

    407

    Het your soul flnd itn exqulaltc deIIght in fatness


    58:3
    did we afflict our soul; also v. 5.
    61:10
    M y soul mill be joyful in my Gad
    66: 3
    their very soul has taken a d e l l ~ h t
    Jeremiah
    3:11
    Unfaithful lsraeE has proved her own soul
    4:19
    ~oundof the trumpet Is what my uoul has heard
    my soul is tirctl of the killer6
    4:31
    6:16
    walk in it, ancl flnrl ense for your mo'llls
    13:11
    my soul wlll weep bccnuse of pride
    15:9
    her soul has struggled for breath
    31:12
    their soul will , . . hecome Hlse a , , , garden
    I will saturate the soul oi: t h e priests with fatness;
    31:14
    also v, 25.
    37:9
    Do not deceive your soula
    $4:7
    Why are you causlng a great calamity to yotrr souls
    Lamentations
    3:20
    your aoul wIll remember and bow low over m e
    55:2

    there is no one inquiring for my soul


    D o bring m y soul out of the very dungeon
    ta you I have lifted up my snul
    may you bring forth my soul out of dislresa
    destroy all those showing hostllfty t o my soul
    Praise Jehovah, 0 my soul

    . ..

    APPENDIX

    ...has said to him that Is desplsed In aouZ

    3~2.1
    3:51
    3:55
    Ezekiel
    4 :14

    16:5
    23:17
    24 :21
    24:25
    25:6
    32:10
    Hosea
    9:4
    Micah
    6:7
    T:l
    7:3

    m y soul has aaid


    M y own eye hns dealt severely wlth my soul
    You have taken up , , , the contests o f m y soul

    My soul L not a deflled one


    because there waEi an abharrlng: of your soul
    her soul began to turn away; also vv, 22, 28,
    t h e object ol' your soul's compassion
    the longing of thelr soul
    you kept rejoicing with all scorn on your part in
    your saul; also Y. 15; 30;5.
    bemble cvery moment, each one for his own soul
    their bread Is for thelr own soul
    the fruitage of my belly for the sln of
    no early Ag, t h a t my soul would desfre
    speaking forth the craving of his soul

    my soul

    Hnhakkuk
    2:4
    Look! His soul has been awelled ua

    Zechariah
    11:s
    my soul gradually became impatient wlth them
    Dead awl, or corpfie

    Haggai
    2;13

    If someone unclean Iry a deceased mu1 touches any

    God hiu nml


    1 Samuel
    2:35

    Psalrna
    11:5
    24: 4

    Proverbs
    6:16

    fsalah
    1:14
    42:1

    Jer~mIah
    5:s
    6 :8

    12:1
    14:19
    15:1

    32:41
    5 1 :14

    In harmony with what is , , In my soul he mill d o


    dnyone loving violence Hla ~oulcertainly hates
    who has not carrled My soul to sheer" worthlessness

    . swen are things deterrtable t o his soul

    Jehovah..

    seasons my soul has hated


    My chosen one, whom my soul has approved
    T U ~ Rfestal

    should not my soul avenge ItseIllP nlso v. 29; 9:9.


    Be corrected . , that my soul may not turn away
    disgusted from you
    1 have given the beloved one of my ~ o u into
    l
    the
    palm of her enemies
    has your soul abhorred even Zlon?
    my swl would not raw~rdFhJs people
    ZwillplanZthemIn thfsland
    ith hall my soul
    Jehovah of armies has sworn by his own s o d

    ...

    Lamentations
    3:20
    your soul will remember and bow low over me
    Etckiel
    23:18
    my soul began to turn away disgusted: (twice).
    Amos
    6:8

    The Lord Jehovah has sworn by

    Ms own soul

    Dbpwltlun, deslw

    Psalm8
    n:12
    3515

    78:18
    105:22

    Do not give me over t o the sad o f my adversaries;

    aIso 41:2.
    0 may they not say , : "Aha, our soul!"
    By asking far something to ent for their soul
    To bind his princes aareenbly to his soul; also der

    34: 16.

    Proverbs
    19:18
    to the putting of him to death do not llft up your
    soul; also 132.
    23:2
    yaumustputaknifetoyourthmatfiyouarethe
    owner of soullful desire1
    Eccleai~tstes
    6:9
    Better is the seeing by the eyes than the walking
    about of the soul

    The Song
    6:12
    Isaiah
    5G:ll
    53:10

    Ycremiah
    22r27

    Ezelclel
    IF:27

    of Solaman
    my oum soul had put

    me

    They are wen dags strong in aaulhtl desire


    you will grant to the hungry one your own soulful

    dedre

    into the land to which they will be liftlng up their


    goul: also 44:14; H o 4:8.

    and glve you to the soulful desire of the women

    H n t~nkkuk
    2:5

    he who has made hfa soul apaciaus just Ilke SRetol

    Soul delivered from Shed (Hadem, 9Lhe11'')

    Psalm8
    1G:30
    305

    49:15

    vou will not leave mv soul in She'ol


    >ow have brought ufmy soul from She'd
    God himself will redeem my soul from the hand of

    Sh e'ol

    86:13
    80:48

    you have delivered my soul out of She'ol


    Cnn he provide escape for his soul from the hand
    af Shdol?

    Provcrba
    dellver Ids very soul from Shetal Itself
    23:14

    1 Samuel 2: 0
    "Shsol"
    Rai'dm, Greek; in'fd, W i n ;
    Shi.zcl', S d a c )
    The FIehre~vward Slnw ($h=ol),which we have transliterat~ ? In
    d all enses as "She'ol," occurs 65 times In the Rebrew text
    from G c n c ~ l sto Malachi. This tvord, which refers to gravedom
    or 1 1 1 ~[tcncral realm 01 M e dead, 19 to be dls(lng~dst~c?d
    from
    the I l e b r ~ wword qeb'er, which means a burlnl plncr! (as in
    Cmcsls 23:41, and from q8bumrahr,W I I I C ~ means a grave (as
    In G ~ n e s l s35: 203. To complete the Hst of occurrences of Sheal,
    rr-hlrh was hegun in the flrst v~lurneof The New World Trans-

    (4srta, Hebrew;

    e&rt;,

    ttrtiox o j the Hebrew Scrimres, we list belolv the remaining


    5% occtlrrences tn the rest of the Hebrew Scriptures. (See t h e
    Appendix oil Volume I, pages 551, 352.1
    I Samucl
    2: ci
    a Bringer down t o She'ol

    2 Snmuel

    22:6

    The ropes of Shrfol themselves surmunded me

    410
    1 Ktnga
    2: 6

    2: 4
    bob
    7:D
    11:8

    14:l3

    17:IJ
    1796
    21:1.3
    24: 19
    26: 6

    that you may deliver Ms very soul irm She'ol


    She'o3, and the place of destruction thernselve8 do
    not get satisfled
    She'ol , , has not sald: "Enough!"
    30:16
    F~ccleaiustes
    for there is no work nor elevi~ingnor knowledge
    9:10
    23:14

    and not let Ms gray ha11w go d o i n in peace t o


    She'ol
    bring his gray hairs down t o Shefol with blood

    2'7~20

    so he that is going down to Sl~e'oIwill not come up


    It 1s deeper than Shc'al
    0 that in She'ol you would hlde me
    If I keep waiting, She'ol Is my house
    To the bars of She'd they will go dorm
    and in a mdmenl down to She'd they descend
    so does She'd tllas~who have aimed
    She'd is naked in front of him

    The Song of SoIomon


    Insistence an exclusive devotlon Is aa unyielding
    8:6
    as S h e ' d is

    Leala&
    5:14
    14:9
    J4:JI
    14:55
    28: 15

    Pealma
    G:5
    11: 17

    in She'ol who wlll laud yott?


    Wicked people wlll turn back to She'ol
    16: 10
    For you will not leave my soul In She'ol
    18:s
    The very ropes of She'al surrounded me
    30.: 3
    you have brought up my soul from She'ol
    31:17
    may they keep silent in She'ol
    49:lda Like sheep they have been nppalnted to Sh&d itself
    19:14b She'oI rather than a lofty abode Is for each one
    411 :15
    However, God himself will redeem m y soul from
    the hand o f She'ol
    55:15
    Let them go down Inta She'ol allve
    86 :13
    and you have delivered my soul out of SheJol
    and my very life has come In touch even with
    88: 3
    She'd
    89 :48
    Can he provide escape far his soul from the hand
    of She'd?
    116:3
    and the distressing dreumstances o f She'd them-

    139:8
    141:7

    selves found me
    and if I should spread out my couch in She'ol
    our bones have been ~lcatteredat the mouth of
    She'ol

    2S:IH
    3x: 10
    JR: 18

    57:9

    Gzckiel
    31: 15

    31:18
    --

    Proverbs
    1:12
    Let US m a l l o w them down alfve just like She'ol
    5:5
    Her very steps take hold on Shepolitself
    7:27
    The ways to Sherol her house Is
    9: 18
    t h a w called in by her are 1n the low places of
    15:11
    15 :24

    On the day

    af its going down t o She'ol I shall


    certetinly cause a mourning
    when I bring it down to Shgal *th those going
    down into -the pit
    they themselves also have gone down t o Shelol
    mighty ones will speak out of the midst of She'd
    the uncircumcised, who have gone down 20 She'oI

    31:17
    32:21
    32:n
    Hosea
    13:14a From the hand of She'd I shall redeem them
    13:14b Where is your destmetlvenesa, 0 She'al?
    Amos
    If they dig down into Shetol
    9:2
    Jonah
    Out of the belly of She'ol 1 cried for h d p
    2:2
    E-IrIbakkIlk
    he who has made Ma soul spacious juat like Shcol
    2:s

    Nehemiah 1l: 30
    "Oehe~d'
    (n3ilmH+;1,G1ey HH~norn',Hebrew; Tievvn, Wen.nn, Greek;

    Shc'ol
    She'ol and the place o f deehuctlon are

    in front of
    Jehwah
    in order t o turn away from She'ol down below

    Therefore She'ol has made Its soul 8 p a ~ l 0 ~ 9


    Even She'd underneath has bccome ag'ltatecl at you
    D o w n to She01 your pride hna been brought
    Hawever, clown fa She'd you wlll he brozight
    nnd with Sh&ol we havc? eflccted a vision
    xntl t h a t vision of yours wlth Sha'ol will not stand
    I have heen summoned to t h e very gales of She'ol.
    For It i s not She'ol that can laud you
    so that you l o w e d matters to She'ol

    Ge-mlmona, Latin)
    This continues the reference t o the word "Gehenna" as
    Iwgun In the Appendix (page 852) of Volume 1 of the Rezu

    W o ~ r dT~oastatiimof the Hebrew

    SmipWrea. "Gehenna" is the

    F~~rthcmore,
    they built the Mgh places of Ba'al
    that are In the valley of the son of Hin'nom
    Thus "the valley [of the son (sons)] of Hh'nom" is men32~35

    Greek name of the place and literally means "Hlnnom Valley"


    or "Valley of Hlnnom." In the I-Iehre~vScrlpturcs, aside from
    the above Scripture verse and Joshua 15:Sh; 18:XFb, I t is
    spoken of as the valley of the son tor sons1 of Hlnnom. (Ssc
    "Gehenna" in the Appendix of the New World irm?tnfr!lfotr of
    the Christian Greek Scrrptxres, on gages 766, 767.1 Below we
    give the remaining verses in the Hebrew Scriptures showvjng
    t h e extraction of the word *'Gehenna":
    I

    2 Kings

    kndhemadeunfitforworshipT~'pheth,wh~chIs
    in the vaIley of the sons of Hin'nnom Iggr b'asjr.
    H i n - m ' , Hebrew; conzn?lk f i1'j.i En'nom, Lnlinl,
    that no one rnight make his son or his daughtcr
    pass through the fire t o Mo'lech.
    2 Chronicles
    28:3
    And he himself made sacrificial smoke in the
    valley of t h e son of Hin'norn Cgey ben-HinnwomT,
    M ; Gafbeaenom, Greek L X X ; uallia Bmmnom,
    Vgl and proceeded to burn up his sons In the Aro
    33:6
    And he hlrnself made his own sons pasa through
    the fire in the valley of the son of Wln'nom tnsg
    Ben-Hin+?tom',hl; Gai.ba>lai-enno?n,L X X ; aullla
    Beamlzam, Vg3, and practiced magic
    Nehemiah
    ll;30b And they took up camping from Bger-ahe'ba clear
    t o the valley o f Hin'nom Igey.Hin+tom', M; vclI7le
    23:lil

    o f Jcrusnlem."

    Hin'nom
    9

    Andyoumustgo~uttothevaIleyoithesonof

    this place will be called no more Topheth and the


    valley of the son of Hin'norn, but the valley a i
    the Wlling

    Hin'norn

    Pnlrssge~In \Which the Hebrew Tetregrammat-on (filp)


    Al11,oam In W1n Text o f A a c l w ~ tGreek Vexdons

    (Aeaordlng to &ant manuscripts)

    E n n m , Vgl

    Jemmiah
    And they have built the high places of Tu'pheth,
    7:31
    which is in the valley of the son o f Nin,nam' [gey
    Bm-Hifl.ndm', M ; plldrntrx huioB Efi.?tdnz, LX,Y,.
    v b I h fsii inpsom, Vgl
    ''Therefore, look! Days are coming,"' Is the utterT:32
    ance of Jehovah, "when it will no more be said
    to be Tdpheth and the valley of the son of

    tloncd thirteen tlmcs In the Hebrew Scriptures, whereas its


    derlvntlve, "Gchenua," occurs twclve times in the Christian
    Greek ScrEptures, namely, In Matthew 5:22,29, 30; 16:B; k8:9;
    23:15, 33: M ~ r i c9:43, 45, 47; Luke 12:5 and James 3:6.
    The modern name nP the valley of KEnnem or Cehenna fs
    Wncll-nl-Rnbnbah. Says J e r t w l e m frr $ 1 Old
    ~
    Tmta~lrent,by
    Dr. J. Slmmans, S.J., of 1952, on page 247: "The Identification
    of the Hlnnom vnlley tr'llh M d ! , er+rabdt%h entails, that
    Nehemiah 11: 30 too supposes the Soaith West Hill t o be an
    Inhnbltecl area, because in this text Winnarn is the northern
    boundary of t h e Judacans and therefore the southern boundary

    Ilreuteronomy18:S(twiceElX6: 96:7,7,8,9,1413
    14
    20:13, IR; 24:4, 9; 25r15; 97:1,5,9,1Q12
    I1
    26:2; 27:2; 31:26, 27, 29:
    X02:15, 16
    11
    103:1,2, 6, 8
    32:3, 6
    Micah
    I Klng~M:13
    4 : 4, 5, 7
    Psalms
    22:23
    m>r
    Nabakkuk
    do
    2:M (See photograph on
    91:2,9
    to
    page 423.)
    92:1, 4, 5, 8,9
    By consulting the faatnotes its Second Eaition, of 1959,w e
    on the ~ h o v e . ~ l v epassages,
    n
    read, on pages 218, 219, under
    the render wlll gnln fuller in- the subheailing 'q. T ~ CEm o
    formation. In mnflrmatlon of Pnprnvs Foum 266," the followthis Information, see also the ing:
    Forc~voril of the New IVorld '*Weare In the happy positton
    Trnndation of the CI~1.13fin?lof passesstng a sample of the
    Creek Scripture9 LIntIer the rctSslon of the Greek Torah
    suhhcadlng Trm DrVml.: NAME, [Lrrlul, made In the second
    en pnges 10.18.
    part of the second century
    In t h e book T h e Cairo E.C., wMch must have been
    Olmizcr, by Paul E. TCahle, D., written shortIy after t h e cornD.Lttt., D.D.,D.W.L.,F,B,A.,
    In pletfon of the revision. It is

    APPENDIX

    APPENDIX
    the Cairo Papyrus Fouad 266 did not translate the Divine
    of which a few verses from name by kyrios, but the TetraDeu'c, xxxi and xxxli have had grammaton written with Heour attention drawn to them brew or Greek letters was
    and been published by W. G. retained In such MSS. It was
    Waddell in order to show that the Christians who replaced
    in this Papyrus scrolI the the Tetragrammaton by h r i o s ,
    divine name was written as the when t h e divlne name written

    Tetragrammaton in Hebrew
    sauare letters.? PThe Tetrag r a m m a t o n i n t h e LXX',
    Jmrncll of Theological Studies,
    xlv, 1944, pp, 157-61.1
    "Professor K i l p a t r i ck in.
    formed me of a few more frag.
    rnents of this papyrus repro.
    duced in America, not very
    well, but recognizably. They
    all, show the Tetragrammaton,l
    P N a w World TramZaZ4on of
    t k s ChrHstrala Greek Scriptures,
    rendered from t h e Original
    Languages by the New World
    Bible Translation Committee,
    A.D.1950. Publishers: Watchtower Bible and Tract Society
    Inc., International Bible Students Association. Brooklyn,
    New York, U.S.A. Foreword,
    pp. 13 and 14. (Dr. Abraham
    S p i o kindly procured a copy
    of the book f o r me.)] I asked
    Father A. Vaccari S. J, o f the
    Pontifical Biblical Institute in
    Rome to assess t h e character
    of the text of this papyrus.. ?.'
    On page 222 of this same
    European work, paragraph 2
    says: "Unfortunately the Manchester Papyrus does not con.
    tain an example of the Divine
    name. We now know that the
    Greek Bible text as far as it
    was written by Jews f o r Jews

    h Hebrew letters was not


    understood anv more. We must
    suppose that'in this [Manchester P a p yrusl fragment
    also the divine name was reproduced by the Tetragrammaton, and this is, lndeed, most
    likely. In Deut, xxvi. 17, line
    27 of C. H. Roberts' edition,
    the text breaks off just before
    the mention of the divine
    name. Roberts supposed that
    the scribe must have written
    the word kyrios in full, not in
    the shortened form used for
    the n o inem 8 acrum [sacred
    name]. In reality the unabbridged Tetragrammaton was
    w r i t t e n h e r e , a n d Roberts
    agreed with me when I pointed
    this out, The only thing we do
    not know is whether the Tetragrammaton was written in
    square letters as in the previously d i s c u s s e d Papyrus
    Fouad 266 in Cairo and in the
    Milan Palimpsest of Origen's
    Hexapla found by Mercati or
    whether it was written in old
    Hebrew letters a s for instance
    in the Aquila fragments from
    the Cairo Geniza published by
    Burkitt,l or in the leather
    scroll with the Greek text of
    the Minor Prophets, of which
    I will speak later on. CIFrag-

    ?nslats of tPls Booke oP RCgs presupposition. The Hebrew


    according t o ths translatkn of text on which the Greek transAq%#Ia,edition by F. Crawford lation is based is in the main

    our Masoretic text, but with


    Burkitt, Cambridge 1898.1"
    Pages 226, 227 of the above deviations in various details."
    work continue on t o say: '9. Further quoting from the
    THE LEATHER
    SCROLL
    OF THE above work, we read, on pages
    GREEKMINORPROP= - The 223,224: "There can hardly be
    leather scroll of the Greek any doubt that the fragments
    Minor Prophets was discovered of the Greek Bible found in
    by Bedouin in 1952, but nobody Qumran Cave 4 are of Jewish
    can say exactly where it came origin, and that it is very likely
    from, Milik, in his book of that they should also be re1957, mentions it on p. 115 garded as pre-Christian, so
    under site non ZooaZk8 (Zpoque t h a t we now have at our disd e l a Seconde R e v o l t e ) . posal fragments of six manuThe scroll is now in the Pales- scripts of the Greek Bible
    tinian Museum at Jerusalem, written by Jews for Jews, if
    and I Iearn from Dr. G. we include the leather scroll
    VermPs that more fragments with the Greek text of the
    of the scroll were found after Minor Prophets, of which 3
    D, BartheIemy had written his will speak later on, specimens
    article on it: 'Red6couverte of the Greek Bible as it was
    d'un chainon manquant de read when the Christian era
    l ' h i s t o i r e d e l a Septante'. began. May I characterize
    IRmce BibEque lx, 1953, pp. briefly the three texts from
    18-29)
    we can be nearly Qumran Cave 4.
    certafn that thia scroll with
    "I. The papyrus containing
    the Greek text of the MInor fragments o f Leviticus il-v is
    Prophets was written in the written in a hand closely akin
    closing decades of the pre- to that of Papyrus Fouad 266,
    Christian era or at the begin- characterfzed as already menning of our era. To date this tioned by the fact that the
    scroll with BarthbIemy or name of God i s rendered by
    Milik at the end o f t h e first or the Tetragrammaton In Het h e beginning of the 2nd cen- brew square letters (hlilr) not
    tury A.D. seems to me impos- by xuprog Ckpriosl as later in
    sible as long as other evidence Christian MSS of the Bible.
    I s not forthcoming. In other The fragment of Qumran Cave
    words the scroll has to be re. 4 renders the name of God by
    garded as a manuscript of the Lato ( w r f t t e n i n majuscule
    Greek Bible which was written letters) and thL alone already
    by a Jew for Jews. We must shows that thia papyrus was
    try to understand it on this written by a Jew. , , ';

    ...

    APPENDIX
    Dafah 1: 24

    APPENDIX

    - ('the [trme] Lord"

    This i s the translation of


    the Hebrew expression 117Ril
    ~zcI-A-~W',
    this being the title
    A'd6~' ( ' U r d ; nTaster") preceded by the Hebrew
    article ha. Although there are
    many lords or masters, this
    prefixing of the deflnite article
    before the title andon' limits

    are seeking, and the messenger of


    the covenant in whom YOU are delighting
    The plural number of a d d d is mdo.~imf; and the Hebrew
    expression Itmu-clo-nina' does occu~,but in a plural sense,in the
    following two verses:
    Deuteronomy
    10:17
    For Jehovah YOUR God ia the God of gods and the
    Lord of lords CmargifiuZ rmdiag, and Lord of
    the lords1
    Psalm
    LAUD
    the Lord of the lords
    136:3
    B y referring to the footnotes on all the abave-glven verses
    the reader will gain further information.
    YOU people

    the application o f the titIe to


    Jehovah God, (See Gesenius'
    Hebrew Qrammlar, section 126,
    paragraph (d), on pages 404,
    405.) In the Hebrew Scriptures
    this expression ha-A'dbfit

    Occurs nine times, as listed


    below:

    Exodus

    23:17

    Isaiah
    1:24

    Micah
    4: U b

    On three occasions in the year every male of yours


    will appear before the face of the Lord Jehovah
    Three times in the! year every male of. yours i s to
    appear before the Lord Jehovah, t h e God 04
    larwl
    Therefore the utterance of the true Lord, Jehovah
    of armies, the Powerful One of Israel,I s
    For, look! The true Lol-d, Jehovah of armies, is
    removing from JerusaIem and from Judah sup.
    part and stay
    Therefore the true Lord, Jehovah of armies, will
    keep sending upon his f a t ones a wasting disease
    Look! The true Lord, Jehovah of armies, is lopping
    ofl boughs with a terrible crash
    "And I will deliver up Egypt into the hand of a
    hard master, and strong will be the king that
    will mle over them," is the utterance of the true
    Lord, Jehovah of armles

    and by a ban you wlll actually devote to Jehovah


    their unjust proflt, and their resources to the
    true Lord of the whole earth
    Look! I am sending m y messenger, and he must
    clear up a way before me. And suddenly there
    will come to His temple the true Lord, whqm

    1I

    Ezeklel d l : 20

    - lathetemple"

    One of the Fifteen Extraor, explanation that the ancient


    dinary Points (or 15 pzdncto Hebrews had connected with
    extraorddnaria) of the Sopher- these words. Then, too, there
    h occurs here by means of were those who argued that
    five dots over the Hebrew ex- the dots were meant t o guard
    pression for "the temple," agafnst t h e omission by copyevidently to indlcate that the ists of elements in the Hebrew
    Hebrew expression fs a dittog* text that, at &st glance o r
    raphy and is therefore to be after comparison with parallel
    omitted from the reading or Scripture passages, seemed to
    translation. See our footnote be superfluous. Some Hebrew
    a on the passage.
    manuscripts exhibit strokes,
    In fifteen passages in the vertical or else horizontal,
    Hebrew Scriptures some u~ordsInstead of dots or puncta. T M
    are thus stigmatfzed or dotted. Jewish Eatc?JcTogedick, Volume
    The exact meaning of the dots V I l I (of 19101, believes that
    is disputed. Some consider the last two theories have
    Them t o be marks of eragure. "equal pr0babiIity."-Page 368,
    Others thlnk that the dots in- under "Masorah," and subdicate that in some collated heading "Suspended Letters
    manuscripts the words thus acd Dotted Words."
    stigmatized were missing, so
    Says I~ltroductiom to the
    that the reading is therefore Mussoretico-Criticul Eaitforz of
    doubtful. Still others think that the Hebrew Bible, by C. D.
    the dots are simply a memory- Ginsburg (18W),
    pages 318-321,
    aiding device t o aid the reader under the subheading "The
    to remember some preacher's fifteen Extraordinary points":

    APPENDIX

    APPENDIX

    "All the infomation which the continued t h e example of t h e


    puzzled student gets in the ancient Sopherim, as may be
    margin of the manuscripts and seen by the student: of Hebrew
    the printed text against each manuscripts. , ."
    of these enigmatic ~ ? X ~ X ~ S S ~ OBelow
    ~ S
    we list the fifteen
    i s that the letter or word in Dassapeg where
    extraor.
    question has an extraordinary
    points occur:
    point. And yet these points are
    16;5; lX: 9; 19:33;
    of supreme importance inas- 33: 4; 12,
    much as they exhibit the earllest resuIt of textual criticism - - N F b e r s 3: 39; 9:10; 21;30;
    an the part of the Scribes. The 29:15a
    Deuteronomy 29:29.
    record on this point has been
    transmitted in several of the
    2 Samuel 1 9 ; I L H e r e three
    pest-Biblical w r i t i n g s . T h e dots appear over the Hebrew
    oldest form of it which is in word va-tsa' (" Chel went out"),
    the Sipkri on Numbers IX 10 to indicate that this Hebrew
    is as follows: ,
    Both the word fs to be canceled out and
    Midrash Rabba on Numbers that va-tsa'tha ("you went
    111 39 and the Aboth di Rabbi out"), which is a verb in the
    Nathan supplement the enu- second person, is t a be substi.
    meration of t h e ten instances tuted in harmony with another
    with the follo~vingimportant recension of the Hebrew text
    statement:
    and in accord with the expresSome s~ what do these points sion tiakor' ("Cyoul Ternemsignify? OW E t a who has put ber"), which immediately pret h ~ mthere1 declares
    E l h should cedes the reference to going

    lings1 see nothing and they


    know nothing, in order that
    they [tbeformersof thecarved
    image] m a y h e ashamed!'
    Ezekiel 41:20; 46:22.
    The reacler will add to the

    DanieI 2: 41
    6'Godsv
    (El-mhin', ] r i l > ~ , Amrnaic; hoi thenaip,ool flsoi, Greek;

    ..

    c o m e and say to me wily hast t l ~ o u


    written them rthat IS. these snurious out.
    words'?], I lvnl answer hfm-1 have
    Psalm 27: 13,
    alread furnished them with polnts.
    But
    he should say thou hast
    Isaiah 44:9-Here the Hehrlttcn them correctly, then I rvlll
    brew pronoun he?n.rnaht (("they
    rcatli~yerase the yo~iltson them.

    IT

    "It MI1 thus be seen that the


    points were regarded by the
    ancient authorities as marking
    the letters and words in question as spurfous and that the
    Prophet Elias, who is to soIve
    all doubts and dimculties, will.
    give his decision on them when
    he appears, The practice of
    using dots to stigmatize words
    as spurious was, not restricted
    to those days. Later scribes

    Carel" has f o u r dots over it,


    to indicate that it is to be canceled out because o f being
    merely a dittography of the
    pronominal ending hem ("their
    Cwjtnessesl"), with which the
    preceding e x p r e s s i o n ends.
    Hence t h e pronoun for "they"
    is also absent in the Syriac
    Version. Accordingly the pass.
    age should read: "and, as
    regards their witnesses., they
    [t& carved image; ;he da;
    --- -

    above information by consulting the footnotes that accompany the most of the abovelisted flf teen passages.See also
    Ginsburg's Introd.uctio?a, pages
    321-334.

    difi, Latin)
    "TruIy the God [el-ah;3 j ~ of
    J YOU men is a God of gods."
    (Daniel 2:47) The Aramaic noun el-anhidis the plural number
    of the noun eZ.aK, Thirteen (13) times el-ahin' i s $anslated
    "gods" in the Aramaic part of Daniel.
    Corresponding to the Aramaic ebmltifi' Is the Hebrew plural
    noun eho.hint', which occurs once in reference to "gods," in
    Daniel 11:8: "Also even with their gods [elao-himt],with their
    molten images, with their desirable articles of silver and o f
    gold, Candl with the captives he will come to Egypt."
    This Hebrew plural noun ~l.o-him'(the singular of which i$
    eir.o'ah) is translated many times throughout the Hebrew
    Scriptures to apply to other gods, beginning with Genesis
    31;30: "why, though, have you stolen my gods [el-o~hinafl?"
    Jehovah Elohim b set in contrast with the other gods
    [eloltim'j in many passages, such as the following:
    Exodus 15:11 W h o among the gods is like you, 0 Jehwah?
    Exodus 18:17. Now I do know that Jehovah is greater than
    all other gods [ha-el-o-him']
    Exodus 20:3 Y o u must never have any other gods against
    m y face
    Deuteronomy 10:17 For Jehovah YOLX God is the God of
    gods [ha-el.o.himp3

    Joshua 22:22 Divine One, God, Jehovah, Divlne One, God,


    Jehovah [marginal reading: Or, The God of gods,
    Jehovah, t h e God of gods, Jehovahl, he is knowing,
    arid Israel, he too will know
    Psalm 8 : 5 You also proceeded 70 make him a Iittle less than
    godlike ones CeZmo-him'; "angels." LXXVgSyTI and
    with glory and splendor you proceeded to crown him
    Psalm 82:l God i s stationing himself in the assembly of
    the Divine One [ E l l : in the middle of tlie gods
    [ex-a-kinz'l he judges

    Psalm 82:6 1 myself have said: ' Y o u are gods Csl.o.7tim'l, and
    all of YOU are sons of the Most High
    Psalm 95:3 For Jehovah is a great God [Ell and a great
    King over all other gods EeZ.o.Mm'l
    Psalm 96:5 For all the gods CeI~*him'lof the peoples are
    worthless gods [eZ~6lina'l,but as for Jehovah, he has
    made the very heavens
    Psalm 97:7 Bow down t o him, all YOU gods Cels.hiWl
    Psalm 136:2 LAUD
    the God of the gods Ch-el,o-hi?n'l
    Psalm 138:l In front of other gods I shall make melody to
    YOU

    Isaiah 37:19 And there was a consigning a9 their gods to the


    &e, because they were no gods
    Isaiah 41:23 Tell the things that are to come afterward, that
    we may know that sou are gods
    Jeremiah 10:11 "The gods that did not make the very heavens
    and the earth are the ones who will perish from t h e
    earth and from under these heavens"
    Zephaniah 2: 11 Jehovah will be f ear-inspiring against them,
    for he will certainly emaciate all the gods [ e l - o M A l
    of the earth
    Psalm 82:6,listed above, is quoted in John 10:34,35:
    "Jesus answered them: 'Is it not faitten in your Law, "I:
    said: You are gods"? If he called "gods" those against
    whom the word of God came, and yet the Scripture cannot
    be nullified.' "
    In harmony wfth the Hebrew Scriptures i s the reference
    to "gods" in 1 Corinthians 8:5,6: "For even though there
    are those who are called 'gods', whether in heaven or on
    earlh, just as there are many 'gods' and many 'lords',
    there 1s actually t o us one God the Father, out of whom
    all things are, and we for him!'
    Also GaIatians 4:8: "NevextheIess, when YOU did not
    know God, then it was that YOU were slaves t o those who
    by nature are not gods."
    The Hebrew noun el*imr (the plural number of el) is rendered as "gods" in Daniel 11:36: "And the king will actually
    do according to his OWII nill, and he will exait himself and
    magnify himself above every god Cell, and against the God
    hEZl of gods iel4m'l he will speak marvelous things!'
    Elmimpis also- translated as "gods" in Exodus 1 5 : l l : "Who
    among the gods is like you, 0 Jehovah?"

    El-iml occurs also in Psalm 29:l and is given the preferred


    rendering af "strong ones," with alternatives in the marginal
    reading: "Ascribe to Jehovah, O YOU sons of strong ones
    [marginal reading: Or, "sons of gods"; or, "godlike ones"; or
    "sons of God"], ascribe to Jehovah glory and strength:' See
    footnote d.

    Daniel 9 :2

    - '%heword of Jehovah*'

    "The word of Jehovah." ton, a6 is generally held, but


    M, tlli1113'1 (d%ar Y f l h o w h ' ) ; h9il7, so that there is no justiLXX,"ordinance to the earth" fication for supposing that any
    IIIPOBTArMA TH 333). On identity of form of square
    this reading of LXX the war- character yodh [*I a h d waw
    terly magazine Yetrc~Testa- [I] In the Arst century was
    ~nentum,Volume 111, No, 1, as involved. Actually,
    whoever
    of January, 1953, pages 103, was responsible for the present
    104, says: "THE WRITINC~
    OF LXX reading at Danlel 9:2, to
    m a D r v m NAMEIN AQUILAwit, TH Ill,apparently noticed
    AND ~ r n
    BEN A S ~ R
    TEXT:the stroke to the left characAquiIa's version, made round teristic of yodh and pictured it
    about 130 A.W., is remarkable by T as against for waw [I],
    for its Old Hebrew lettering of Had Aquila written the Name
    the Divine Name in the midst exactly as apelt: fn the text
    Of
    a Greek text. Put into before him, those who tranEquaE character, what Aqufla scribed his text would surely
    wrote was >+a*, 'Jfih-Jah' the
    popular substitute for I ;tl;ll
    I'
    for as
    'Jahweh', the ineffable Name, hag been pointed out consothe very naming of which was nantal waw was mnsistenfly
    regarded as blasphemy. .
    rendered by upsilon [ Y I In the
    By the time the [Jewish] transliteration of Hebrew per.
    hlishna was compiled (circa sonal names in the L Z . . .
    190 AD,) the pronunciation the implication of Aqufla and
    had become practically JeJa as the Mishnaic form, namely,
    the form ? shows. The later that in the first two centuries
    Greek form lI1 II I was used A.D. at least, if not later, the
    to transcribe AqullaJsOld He- Divine Name was uttered J@h
    brew form of nrnr, and, in the J3h or briefly JOJB."-Norman
    opinion of C E R m , this was Walker, West Ewell, Epsom
    first done either by Orlgen, or (near Landon), England.
    by Eusebius. I1 1 III does not
    See also Genesis 2:4, footrepresent the Tetragramma- note b.

    .. .

    "
    J

    ..

    422

    APPENDIX
    Micah 4: 4

    - 4tmmth

    af Jehovah'"

    "Jehovah." Y.no.umh: M and ready very much used at the


    fragroent of a manuscript of time that It was abandoned..
    the LXX belonging to the end Here, rlght at the start, Is a
    of the First Century A.D. and passage that partially recovers
    discovered in a cave in the an Important quotation made
    dudean desert in 1952. On this, I,y Justin in ch21ple~109 of the
    IZevfce EibEique, published by Di~logtre: It has 46 d o with
    LIBcole P r a t lque d18tudes Mica11 4:3.7."
    Ribllques, Paris, France, in ih
    The chart that iollowa showa
    Volume 60 No. 1, January,1953, the Greek worrle preserved in
    saya, on pages 19, 20:
    the fragment Ih the mftlst of
    "But during the course of which there i s found the Hethe second fortnight of August brew tetramammatan ( i l 9 ; r ' J
    1952, the tireless Bedouins in verse 4, tn tlze e ~ p ~ e s ~ l ~ r i
    Tntamr& discovered inside a "the very mouth of Jehovah,"
    new cave of the desert of in verse 9, in the expression
    Judah important fragments of "Jehovah our God," nnd In
    a parchment scroll that had wrse 7 , In the expression "Jcbeen deposited there during hovnh will a c t ~ ~ a l l yrule Rs
    t l ~ erevolt of Bar Cocheba (21. kina over them."
    These fragments have been The nrticle then adds this
    ncquired by the Palestinian comment: "'It is enough to
    Archaeological Museum, wlth compare this text wlth that af
    the consent of Mr. HardIng, the quotntion of Jifstln in
    Director o f the Antiquities of order to estnbllsh that It is
    Jordan, and w e are authorized aubstanttall~'lclentlc~lwlth It,
    to mnke a first presentation
    ."-D. Barthfilemy, O.P.,
    thereof t o the readers of t h e Jerusalem. Seplemher 19, 1932,
    Rezrte Bl;bEiq?re.It has to do in the article "Rediscovery of
    with a Greek text of the Minor a h f j s s l t ~Ltnlc
    ~ of the History
    Prophets of which the parts of the Septt~aglnlt."
    preservd belong to Micah, See tlic Formvord. pages 11Jonah, N a h u m , Eabaldruk. 16, of the N e w IYorTd Trans,
    Zcphanfah and Zechariah. As 'latlon, of tlrs Ch.rttia?t QreeFc
    one cRn take an account of it Scriptrrrsiq; n l ~ aF ~ a l m s22:23,
    by the artached table [chart1 footnote b; 91 :2, footnoie s;
    (~1.1)the very beautiful Uncial 92: 1, footnote b; 96:7, foolnote
    of our manuscript i s situate[] d; 102:15, 16, 21, footnote a;
    at best near the encl of the 1031, footnote
    flrst century after Jesus Christ On the above.mentloned
    (31, which agrees with the fact document of Micah, etc., The
    that the manuscript was al- Biblical Archaeologist, Volume

    ..

    ..

    (I.

    XVII, No. 1, February, 1954, became the Btble of Hellenistic


    s a p on pages 12, 33: ""I is a Chrletianlty. Moreover, if Bartext of the Minor Prophets, ihelemy Is slght, It is the text
    from the &rst century o f our used I)y Jewish translators of
    era, which deftly solves some the second c~ntury,the cornof the most baffling problems mon denominator of Aquila.
    i n the history of the Greek Theodotlo~z and Symmachus.
    text of the Old Testament.
    And flnnlly, it appears on first
    It I s not an independent tran~.study to he Identical with the
    lation, but a revjslon of the old Qulntn of O r l ~ c n ' sRexapla as
    Septuagint translation, cer- well as t l ~ c~ c ~ s l ~underlying
    tl.
    tainIy originating In Jewish certain q u oi a t ian s of the
    circles before the Septu~gh~t:
    Fathers, notahly Justin."

    . ..

    Ttabak?d~3: 14

    6 ' g 1of~ jehwsh"


    ~

    "Jehovah:' MVgSfl. In an parchment p r o w i n g from


    old recension of the L X X of the F ~ y y h mand published by
    the Minor Prophets, fragments WMsely In 1910 as forming
    of which were discovered In a pact of Zhe version of Apuila
    newly found cave of the deaert -an attribution contested by
    of Judah in 1952, cclntnlning Mercatl ( R E , 1911, pages 266portions of Habakkuk 1:14 t a 2721-1 suggest the possibility
    2:5 and 2:13-15, the dtvfne of It8 belonging to our recenname Jehovah was found writ. sion the spreading of which
    ten in old Phaenicinn letters reached Egypt. The tetragramin the midst of the Greek text, mnton flgurce there also in
    n
    of
    On this the rev?^ BibTiq?rs ' P h o ~ n t c l n'."-Rediscovery
    puhllshed by L'ficolc Prntlque R M l ~ s l n gClnk of the History
    d'8h1rles Bibliques, issued In of the Septuagint, by D. BarParis, France, says in its Vol. th&lcmy. O.P,, Jenrsalern, 19
    ume 60 600. I of Jentaary. 1953, S e p l c t n k r 2%2,
    A pholograph of the aboveon pages 24,25. in footnote I1 s,
    the follo~ying:"One rvlll note mentioncr! frclgment~ of the
    once mure a point of contact hook of Habakkuk, showing
    between Aquila and our reccn. the t e t r a g r a m m a t o n In the
    sion: the writing qf the Xetr~. mldst of the Greek text, ap~ramrnaton in Phaenid~n'penrs on our next page. Also
    letters. With regard to a smt111 sccr Mlcflh 4:4, Appendix, page
    fragment of the PsaIrns upon 432.

    1- -

    7 -x,-

    ,z

    *..

    ',,.

    4CaL.b

    1 i
    I

    C H A N OF OrnTANDM[f Rn3LE BUBJECTB


    ANn BIBLE PROPER NAnlEflB (IIEBREW RURIPTIJECES)
    ( F o r Volumes I to Y: Follow llrc ~ y l r l l > n l a0, 1) r w 9 In tllc ~ l d crnarglns.)

    Chlh
    Word
    Aaron

    E
    I

    First Text

    In ChaIn
    Ex 4:11

    h:?3

    Abfku

    Cnptlvb(r)
    Carcasm oe)
    Charrel{a)
    c#~tcoh(s)

    Oe l 4 : l l
    Cia IG:Il

    ~ 1 7 ~ e f ( a(Head
    )
    one)
    Ablmclsch
    G e 20:3
    ( , a !!I i2
    Abfmaham
    Cia 11 :?(l Cklsllaln(#)
    1:a l; ?!I
    (:u> Y:H
    Adam
    (.1.~.2.17 Chlldlrbn)
    ~ d i ~ t e r ( e yr ), E x all:14
    Adversary
    be 82.41
    Afflict(ed, I a n ) Cio 3 G : l l
    ~ o l i a t ~ t t l e0d) (:,I 21; 141
    Almighty (God)

    Ge 11:1

    c o m ~ a r t ( s d ) 4i0 f i : : ~
    Cornn~nndad) I4n 2:lU

    AStar(s)
    4 0 8:50
    Amalek ltes
    G e 3E:l2 Carnrrranrltmsnt
    rireritn, n)
    110 Pfl:.5
    A m m o n t i t e s j ~s I ! ~ ; X S
    Arnorlte(s)
    Ga 1 U : l U Comrn~lnlonOtrcrlna
    Angel($)
    C;r 1 6 : 7
    Anger, (Ang ) Qe 4 : b
    ~ n nhlr l a t e ( d r G+ 34139
    Anolnt(ed)
    Go 31:13
    Appointed time
    n l -..-i?.si
    Ark
    Ge 6:ld
    Arrnlies. y )
    C;a ?:I
    Arnmn
    SII 21:18

    --

    Assembty
    Assyria

    Atonement
    Baal(s)
    Oalaarn
    Rashan

    Enlar~ementof t h e tetra.
    Bnvnmatorr In P h m I e l ~ n
    letterrr, as appnrlng in
    the thlM last Ilns above

    Ueastfs)

    <Go 30:13

    Ex 1 2 . 3
    I.:e 2 :1.1
    E x 28:3d

    Xu ?2:41

    xu 2 ! : 5
    xu 21::in
    Gfl

    124

    Reer-sheba
    C:e &1:14
    Belleve(dl ( P u t
    faith). '
    Cis 46:Efl
    Benjamin
    Bethat

    C e a6:121

    Cocrlrrtyard(8)

    Covenant
    Coval.
    C~.oata(d)
    Crerltirra(r)
    Cura(ad a8
    (~ccIli.ladl)
    brrn
    DancoIo)
    D a r k nem)

    !*:x +:!a
    4 in 6:lU
    2i:17

    mx

    An ancient recension o f the Septtragf?tETre~edo?aof the Minor


    Prophets, containing parts of I-rabakkulc 1:14 t o 2:5 and
    2: 13.15, showing the sacred tetragrnmmaton In Phoenicinn
    EPalaeo-Hebrew) letters in the mlclst of the Greel~tcxt. Re.
    produced, with permission, from t h e Plate I of Rmnre Ribliqlre,
    No. 1, of January, 1953, published In Paris, France.

    Ge 2 : 1

    cplane[d)ln'i%ai:as
    EX19:4
    C:B 1:1

    Engla(8)

    Earth

    k:nttatl)
    Eden

    (Ate) Ge%:16
    Ch2 2:g

    '

    a@25:30

    Etlonrlt~
    E rrpt{lan)

    Eltla~a~

    Go l?:lO

    1 ~ c;:aa
    x

    hntl
    (ie h:18
    Enam(lnm, y J
    (Enmity)
    Ue 8%
    Eplirnlm
    Qe 41:52
    E r r o r ( # ) (Iniquity)
    Ge I5:lG
    Eaau
    <:a :.i:25
    Euphrltew
    G e 3:14
    Evaning(a1
    G e l:F
    Evcrlasttng (See
    Formverb

    ~ x r r o r & d ,'

    Evals)

    Fa4tn(ful) (Put
    fatth)

    Fnmlna

    Ge 6:11
    Ge 3:5
    Ge 15:6

    ae 12;lo

    FothflrEu) (Farefntnbfr)
    Ge 2 3 4

    FntharleJs
    E x 22:22
    Fnr llsr t o 101) G e 4:18
    Favor. C h a m ) G e 6 : 8
    Fnnr
    n e 3:10
    Frnnt(8)
    n e 13:s
    T v ~ l l o wnian) Fly 20:lG
    mst~valts)
    m x 10:n
    I Flrc (Fiery)
    G e 16:17
    ~alraktar(al
    First-1,arti
    G e 1U:35
    Onyla)
    r:,. 1:t Firtlt l.11,~f r u l t
    Oencl
    CiP 2 0 , a
    E x 23:lfi
    Daatli
    Go 1Y:2ia
    re
    G
    e I:86
    2:21
    U e l ~ u s r ( o d ,0) I:n 3 2 : l l
    I'l~:ah
    D+lrrgs
    I l e L:l'I
    Flock.(o)
    Ge 4:4
    Flyrnp crlaturrs
    Oealr(abln, 8 , ss)
    O e 2:B
    IFowls)
    Ga 1:20
    Pood<stuWe)
    Gc 1:29
    a ~ a o l ~ t tion)
    e,
    sr:e, Formclaner Gc li:l%
    Datertablo
    rrn 4a::iZ
    Forever (Everlast.
    Inn, T l m e indeft.
    Ol~ldl
    <I@ 2 : i o
    I
    nita)
    r;e 3 : B P
    Dhfltreau(~o] (atress!
    (18. :I.,;$
    For~lvs(nems) 1 , : ~3 . 1 ~ 8
    D l r t r l o t ( r ) (Blmaln)
    Fr'snklnosnea Rx 30:34

    (afraid)

    nx

    Drerm(r)
    Qe 20:s
    Drink bfler?np Ge 35:14

    L;e4I:19
    Dust
    G O ~ : . L I Owcfl{inp

    114,

    ra:in

    Dlvorae(mont] I,,, 21:1


    Do0 ( a )
    MX 1 1 : ~
    D ~ m o a t l aanlrnal(r)
    (F3snatmJ

    Dor~ilnnt(tt,lnp)

    Llr.

    l!E4

    as r:ie

    Dread (Trembllne)
    I i u XI:#&

    423

    CHAIN OF OUTSTANDIHO Bl8Le SUBJECTS

    ZHAl N OF CIU1"STAI.IDtMQ BIBLE SUBJECTS

    Tent(s)
    Tent o f

    C a 4:30

    mcetln

    8 x 27:81

    Tenth(s) (parts) [ A V :
    Tithell
    Ga 14:?0

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATEON

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QWrUR JMFORMA~ON


    T l i l ~IRnn index to genera! cln~slrlad t3lf1llcnl knowtedge by means
    cclvpn I l c l o ~ 'proctde Tor
    n Ilnhlr Errlplurul discuesion ut t l m t wulrfort or rlrtl\r. nopects oi t h a t
    s u h J c ~ l .Im'or cumjllete New Worl(1 T r t ~ n . - t n t i n n r ~ tthe Hr~ly Scriptures.

    of "nt~l~jact'"
    worrls. The one or mrrro cilnlions
    Amron, Hab b:d; Ac 7 : 4 0 7 Ex 4:14:

    z a : ~ ;NU is:lrn PB ias:$

    Abnonr [ ~ u h o v a has 1Sa 2:7


    A ~ D n~
    I .1:4 26; xt k : 3 5 ; Lu Il:61:
    iiJh 1l:~k;
    '12:24
    Abhor Lu 26.11 48' Ro 129
    ~bhur;encn, I I C IE
    ~ :k5: R o Z:22
    A b h o r r e n t thlng La l:l?*Eae ::tb,20
    ~ i , ~ h t 1.r4, 10:l
    I~.ZX;'XU313
    ~ t l h t l t ; (So. alko Thlnklng sblllty),
    I:K I6:r;. 1Sn 1:4. Xt 25:15
    ~ t ~ r t i i a l e c tbt~tls]
    i
    ' ~ 20.2,
    e
    J g 8:51
    Al,normal { l a l l l n i off],
    13:30,34
    A l ~ o l l s h e d RI)II ?:I5 2Ti l:10
    ~ l , u l . t l o n ~ stbffsrl
    '
    ~h Z't.ZC:Gr? 81.38
    Al>rhnham[Abramj
    i1.8; G e ii:,
    21:. i:..ib 1 5 1 3 i7:as; a m 1
    ~ b a i r h a d17'1
    '
    6'16
    Abatnin, 5 ~ 1 i2:6:
    1
    1Ti 4:s; LPe 9 : l i
    Absthnenaa. Zec 7:3
    Abuslve (spctch or terms], E$b
    4:
    ;1, l l v d 4 : 4 . Co1 8 : s : IT 6
    Abuolvcly, 3dn ?1:4: Jer 38:19
    Alryas, lie 2 *:3; Lu 8:31; P,o 103;
    ! t : l i ' l l : 7 ' li:8
    ~ c c e p t n b l b ,1 ~ 1 ' 2 : 3 .6:4
    cceptnbla t ~ r n e liaa 49:8; 2Co R:2;
    1's fi!I 13 F R R 6g.5 .Aec~dnnt,
    42 1; 44:29; E x 21!28
    Aceompllshsd end M t 2 4 * % *1Co 1011: n r t 8 4 : ~ : ria i o : r : ' ~ ' c 1o 6 4
    Acoouhtabla Nt ::21 32. Heb 4 . 1 3
    Accounting [hold an]'
    4-14; jer
    :,*, 1 2 Am a:!, 1 4 . 2ec 10:i
    hccuraio k n a w l a d g i P.0 lJ3.2* Phn
    I !I4 I.:t,h f I:{, C L >.Ic*.
    ~
    ~ch11@:20
    ~ c c r r h n t oI $ c a l e a j . $06 21:~;
    LP 1:~:

    kx

    (A

    kc

    HA

    ?C

    TI*

    P.-b.l.:

    ~ c c u n n t i & i f r ~ from],
    s
    l a 1:8; Col
    I 2 2 . 1'1'1 3 . 1 0 ; 6 3 9 : Tit 1:8
    Achimvement Is& 41:24-45:5
    ~~rlblnlnte
    'PL
    n ~66
    ~~
    1 5 - 31:u;2Ti1
    111 1 1 : . l t + l d 1!;:14:

    l i a ;3:3

    Acqunlntnd, A o 1S:ZL: 19.15: 20:%


    Aoqull.ln I, IT11 6;9:8T1~2:14;1Ti 8 2 8
    ~ c r l t l l s l t / o n Jnl) 15:25
    A e t ~ n l f e c t h e l ~Iln
    ] 11:17, 39 82 80
    A c t i v e l o m e , ~ s ' l : ?6.17;
    ;
    i:i5; k r o

    AIknll, J'r ?:..lrl;


    dcr P:??
    Alllanoa [marrlags], D o $:a; Ga 34:
    11: 1Hn 1X:?:l: 1JCI 8:l; 2Ch 18:l
    Alllnn, t h 14:3

    429

    430

    BIBLE WORDS 1FIDEXED FOR OUlCK INFORMATION

    43l

    BlBLE WORDS 1NDWEO FOR QUICK INFORMATION


    PB: ~ e o:ea:
    b

    AC 17:28; Heb 1:9 Bt~crd [nhoduln

    accovntr;billtyl:

    B a l l r g a r s n t 1'1'1 3'1* Tit 3.2


    Belly. Iarh '1::~.
    6.21:' Ps 82:9;
    1'1.

    IH:H

    B o l t ?I:!

    IRrl

    i n . 6 . Jer 1:s

    ~ ' ~ ' I R ~R"

    ~ 4 : s .ic6 1i:ze
    mmporirlblilty or

    EX

    I:r

    :r:l:

    l I i i 2:s;

    Eze 33 4 : > I t 'L9!85


    [ U Q Q ~I Q r atcrlsmmnt], Le 17:
    11 Ac :![I:?!,' I-10th II:?2

    Blood

    ! ~ ~ ' ~ I . : G ;13:l
    JBP

    ~ o n A r ~ ~ t o ;IAIL ~ , 'i$:%i
    DcnoTlcinl IT? 4 : h : 2Ti 8:16' Isa. 41:
    111: 311 .h:3!1 1Cu 12:7;
    3:s
    B o n J a n > l n [trlba 013, Qe aS:f8; JOB
    1 h , i i : 1 % P : ! : 1;s ES:27: Ro ll:1
    r8rrears (io 4 3 : 1 4 , 1Sa 15:33; Tsa
    49 3 : 'JW 15::. La 1 ?B: 1Th 2:17
    Bnsaech, Jcr 7rlb: 27:1Sm Mr 1:4O
    Bethany n1t 21 :I;.Lu B ~ . S ~ . J11:l
    O~
    4 - ' 5 ; !l.'4J
    113 7
    Bsthol, h r h I2:R: ~ O I ;16:l: L S 7%:
    ~
    Boldnnaa, A(> !I-28: 4:2bm14:s: 1&:21;
    l lCl 12:38, t?zr 2 : 3 : Jer 1 S : 1 3
    E ~ t r*i 8 0 ; 1Tl1 3::.
    $!oh 10.19
    B c t h l a h a m [of J u d a h ]
    Ge 35:19; Bonda, I tulr I1,:4c. Ar zo:?n.*zs:31;
    ILu I:ll.ISn 1 l : : l . M i c 6 : 2 . ~ 2t:l
    P ~ I1:15:
    I
    Cn1,1:18m 2TI 8 %
    ~ c t h l c h s m[of ~ a b u ~ u n'$08
    l , 19:16: Bonen, 1;o Z:"? 1-:.:o'll'lim
    !?a 84:20;

    TIE

    .lu I'1.R

    I.:ZO

    n;

    - sj:lr,, Jell id:an

    ~ s i i l p G , i b s , ~t 2 1 : ~ :LU ~ : 2 f i
    Book 101 i l l e l , Iie 2(!:1L: T'B (10:28;
    Oethuntrln, &I1 11'21" Joh 1:46
    I'lrn 4 ' 3 ; IIE 3:6
    BcthAhamalh
    li:10: Jg 1:93; B ~ \ f ~ . a o of
    ~ ~nood].
    d
    Ma1 3:1%: E x
    l n l ~I , :I. 2 l i l l?:!l: 2Ch 2S:lB
    Botrnyad ' ~ 1 110.4 '%:4E. 27-4
    ~ e w l l d c r ; n s n t , 1% ?I<.ZRI
    .T&
    BB:I~

    J~R'

    ;.I?: l l t C.56: La 14:4:

    Olrrle,

    .14,1~ 4 1 . 5 : no 1:":
    Jns a:?
    Dlt.th [ n r w ? (Sss also Born of splrIt) I t ' ( < 1,:4, :!3
    ~ ~ r It ~h DLIIV~J, LU 1:81, 5 7 ; 85';
    Jrj11

    it1:ZI

    I t * t!3:2, 6

    B I f q t l r d n y , >it l.l:U: Air 8:21: a e 4O:sO


    Blnrnolam@, P1,~1 X:16: 2 : 6 ; Pr 2 : 2 2 ,
    I L":.
    :ll. T A ~ I l : f l m
    IT11 5 2 3
    ~ t n a p l y r n ' a , A11 21iifltm: 5 : 3 : Joh 10:86:
    ,111a,7: H o ld.!l
    Blnnphemar. 1TI 1:13: 2T1 8:2
    alanlrhrli\oun, A 1 . 0 : l l;l3:45;Re17:3
    it3l;rnnhcrrry, M i i 2 : : l : 15:1:1: L u 12:
    Ill

    l'a.

    Bo:nd r b heaven Irr l1?:1!I; 18:l


    I 9 14*.b !! Ti,. 24~.1 -

    t :.fi

    Ilrl

    r.

    Branehsn. JTt 24:9''"


    ,T',i1 t5::;

    Brawler

    2128: Jlr 4 : 3 2 ;
    t:0 P I
    drunken], lT1 8 : s : Ttt I:?

    :17'

    Bread, I/t 4.8: tJr; l0.1:lb: Pr 2SrfI:


    l l : l , M t 0 : l l : J ~ I fi:3:
    I~
    B l o o d [ a v n n u c d ] Xu 3 5 : l s q De 19: Breakdown 1n:r l ; j : I + . f'r 16:4; Isa
    ::I, 1 3 . 301: 1311 1"
    :GO:?:: La ~ : 4 i
    j i , :IC.A?:
    J~\H
    2h:il; Hn 1:L
    B l o o d [ o n t l n g far'bldden], G e 0 - 4 - L e Brtlastpleaa [ w o r n h h l ~ hprleet],
    C s 2 , , : 7 . 2 8 , 3 n h r,e l : s
    7:21i. I'i:ill; Uw I 2 : l l i ; fCh i i : 1 9 ;
    AaL <fi::!(l, !J
    B r e a a t p l a i e [or ~ l ~ h t a a u a n e o sEph
    j,
    B l o o d faontaot, o f aavenant], 31t 26;
    ~ : 1 4 ,1'1'11 b:S;
    0.b

    r~

    432

    RfBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    BIBLE WORDS IHBEXEb FOR QUICK lNFORMATlON

    Breath, Ge 2 3 : 7:22;Job 38:4; 84:14; BCh 6:96:Eer2:1;Se


    S:17;Iaa49:24
    Mt Z7:5PnLu 8:6E
    Carcasser Mt 24:28' Ge 15'11' Le
    Bribes. ~s'26:10:
    D e 10:17;16:19;27:
    2F:30: 1ka li:4A: 2ki 19 :$5:'1d14:
    25: Jol) 26:84; ISR 83:15
    19;3er 31:40: EX9 6 : 5 ; A m 8:3
    Brlde Joh 8:29; Re 18:28; Ian 81:lO; Careless. Isa 32:9
    6 2 : ~ 'Re
    ~ 21:2. 22:17
    Carmsl, 30s 12.~22;1Sa 15:12; IKi 18:
    rideg groom, soh 3:29; M t 9:15; 25:l; 19: 2ICI 2:25; Isa 8 5 3 : Jer 46:18
    Isa 61.10. 6235
    Case a t law [See also L e g a l case*),
    .Tnh 7.1 "1A
    Broad wa ;Lu 10:10; 13:28; Mt 12:
    1 9 . Ac $15. Re ZZ:9
    ~ a [ii'iistlce]
    &
    Job 23:4. Nu 27:5
    ~ r o t ' h e r Pr i7.17. G e 4 9 ; 375%; 46: C a t a s t r o p h e , 1ss115:ii. ~ m 6.6
    '
    1 3 . P$ 43 :?; ht' 12.48
    Caterpillar Joa 1:4.&I 4:9
    Brotherhood Zec 11-14
    C e d a r s ~d 14:4. 2ia 7:P. 1ICf 4 : 3 3 ;
    Build [ l o r derrnaneneel Fs 127.1;
    P.. 9$:12: Isa 87.14; E Z ~31:8
    G e 11:4.Mt7 . 2 4 . L ~14.2k.1~0
    3:lb
    Celebrate, E x 12.24; L e 28:41: 1Sa
    Building '[of d a d j , 1~a'3:9';2Co 8:1;
    1 8 : 7 . Ps 42:4' Zec 14:16 Heb 11.28
    lSa 7:s; P s 1G2:16: M t 16:18
    ~ e l e s t ' i a l llght'a~,das 1:<7
    BuildTna Fju 1, .4c 9 : 3 1 Ro 1+:i9; Census 2 E h 227
    1Co 8:1 f ~ o12.19. Aph 432
    ~ e p h a [Peter]
    i
    Joh 1.42: ICo 1:lZ:
    ~ u f w a r k a '2~0e: 2 0 i ~ f 7:17;P~
    c
    R1:4
    s:aa; 9:5, 15:s: a a a:i4
    Burden, &a 6:2: 1Th 2 : B . Ex C:6; Ps Cer,oals, G e 4 ~ 1 ,9, 19; 43:Z: 4 4 : 2 :
    5 5 : Z Z : Ac 15:28. Re 2 : i 4
    h e 10:31. Am 8.5
    B u r l a r Joh 24:14
    ~ e t ' e r n o n ~ a i l [ye l i a n ~ ,Soh 11:55: Ac
    ~ u r f e d' ~ e r25:85. Ge 49.31. Eze 3 0 :
    21.24 2438
    15' :oh
    lq.40. Ac 2.29' ~b 6 . 4
    ceremdniae it 22:10
    ~ u r n t[off&in;s],
    G e 8':20: I&
    18: C e r t i m a t a b e 24:l; ~t 1 9 : ~
    l a : Le 1:3;50s 8:Rl: 1 8 1a:ee
    ~
    Certlfled, Hc E:S
    Businesa Jas 4:13' ZIU 23.5- lKi 19: Cessatlnn [land o f 1 Isa 3831

    xi

    13.
    3:l22:5:
    E3us;bcd
    1 ~ ;4:15
    Bygone Yt'imel, K e 12:46

    id

    19:25

    148:7: Pr 27116
    Comnarlna. ZCo 1O:la: Isa 46:6
    CombartKent
    N e b 9:6
    Corn passla; [bf God], Ro 9:16 ; 12:L;
    Go 10:lfi, Jer 13:14; Eze 5:11
    Compassion [ o f manl, Col 3:la: Heb
    10.28 EX ?:F 2% 1Z:B. Pr 6:34
    ~om'pa;sionate 'LU F:36; ;as 6:11
    eompe~~rng,[rehson RO 13:5
    Cnrnpensatlon Ex 91.84. 22:leLe 5:
    1s;al la:z~x'lx:6:~ie
    2 ' 9 : 2 0 : i ~ i5 4
    C a m n c t e l t . 2T1 3 3 7 : Da 4 3 8 : 6 : 1 ~

    II:ZB.

    Chaldeans G e
    Job 1:17,Isa
    23.13. .T& 21:4. EZ; 1:s. Drr 11:4
    ~ h a n g d[Gad dois not kal 8 %
    Channels Eze 31.4: ddb &S:25
    C h a n t , 2& l : l i * 2Ch 85 25.Eze 27:32
    C h a r i o t s Ge 41b:4s.
    E x 15:Q. Jg 4 : ~ ;
    I K i 7:83; 2Ki 23:11: Isa i2,18
    Charm Ps 4 & : 2 Pr 3 : 2 2 19; 11:1%

    ~ h a r m l n, Pr
    Chaste

    8h

    Cheek

    it

    SIID;

    Zec

    433

    4:7

    4 8: Jas 3:li; ZCo ll:2:


    &e:3.2
    ~ h a s t i s elKI
    '
    1i.11: Le 2698
    ~ h a t t e r i k g ,3Jo i0
    Chsatlns Pr l 1 : l : 20:23

    Tit 275.

    5:38

    Cheer I 2 ~ 2o:.* ', AC 2-26


    ~ h c r i g h e s ,Epll 6.29.'1~h2:7
    Cherubs [flguresj EX 26:19: ZCh 8:
    11: Xu
    11;i 6:26: Eze 41:18
    Cherubs [ l ~ v ~ ncreatures]
    fl
    Ge 3:24;
    ZSa 22:11; Ps 1S:IQi 1sa187.16
    Chief agent, h c 8:16. 6:SL. Heb 2.10
    Chiefg, Ge 21:22: ~x'l8:2i;
    D e 2019;
    2% 2:8;N e 2:9; Isa 3:3
    Chleftaln [Jesus as] Bze 34:Z.I-37:25
    C h ~ e f t a l n r G e 17:?(i.E x 14:si: xu
    l:1E; JO; 9:15; I I C ~b:l; Eze $:2?
    Chi!d- be!rIng],
    G e s:lE; B O A : IT1
    B:ll*: b:L4

    Chlldren [s i r i t u a f l , Ro 8:18;Ga 4:
    25 Isa 6 8 : ~ .Heb 2.13. 1Jo S:10
    c h i l d r e n [tehderness t b ] , ' ~11:13,
    ~

    Es 21.2"' Ge 38'13' M t 18:2

    c l ~ i l d r e ; "['trainin'g],' Col 3 21; Eph


    F:4, IT1 3.4
    ~ h o s k n 31~'22,:14;
    ,
    Joh 15:16.Mt 24:
    22 ICu 1:27 1Pe 3 : 4 . Re lir la
    ~ h r i a t~ a p o s t i e sof], i ~ 2h6 ; 1Pe
    1:l;iC0 1 I;Eph 1:l;Jude 17

    I k IFtI 29

    1Sa 1 T : K : 2Ch L6:14;


    I K I 22:34: h e 4.16
    Coat Cslasveless Ex 2 8 ~ 4 ;1Sa 2 : l S :
    15.2:- 25.14: J b h 1:20: E z e 2 8 : I B
    ~ o c k r o a c h e s 113
    ,
    8:3:; Ps'i8:dG;
    ZUh
    R : 2 S ; Isa 33:4. Joe 1:4
    Cocksureness 2Ca 11:17
    Eahab~tE
    , x i2:16; De 22:2Sm Qe 39: Caneubinss e o 2a:z4Ykx 2 1 ~ 8 '~g 8:
    7 ; LC 2D:ll. Xu 5:13; ISa 5:23
    ti: ZMa $9:1Ki
    ES '2:14
    Callapse FS
    &ft 7%: L a 1:7
    2Co 8 . 9 . Ro 8:34; Irra 54:
    ~ o l o n n a A e[a1 Solamon], Joh 10:23: Condemn
    1:: 1cd 11:32;' ~ e b
    113
    Coat [ o f rnailJ,

    il:~:

    A$:';;

    Ac S.11. 5.12

    Cqrnfort ifrdm God] 2Co 1 3 ; Ac 9:


    .!I .Pa 28:4+~~:17~11$:82.~a
    49:lS

    camifart [&om

    dthersl:

    n ~ h6:zz:

    Condemnation, Ro 6:l8, 18; 6:i


    Condeseandlng [by Jehovah], Pa
    113:6

    434

    BIBLE WORDS WDEXED FOR OUKK INPORMATIOH

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    C o n s l ~ t u t l n p3 n 4:4
    ~
    Consult 21,1;
    20,4; 2911 91:l
    ~on,sum'ing r b y ~ s h a v a h j Heb 12:
    , I t , 4 :'I .; I S . ! ~ . ~ . : : " : . O L
    10:35
    !X~
    Crrnsummntion, % I t 24 3; i 3 : ~ ~23:
    ;
    2 0 . fl,?l>!I::l:
    C o n t e m n 1'- 75:bBa 89:aA
    ~ p l r t e n r p l m t c ,EIelb
    Contempt, .\It h:2"
    2.i. J , , I I ar .14. PR

    is:;;

    Pr 6:B. 21

    ;(In 4:14: Ge BY:


    :<I :1nv PC I ~ : S
    Cantenrle cf+i s ~ c ~ r6a1a: 8 8 ; ~l ?~: 2
    C o n t e n t '1'1'1 H : S ~ T I P I D IY:L, J.FO 10
    ~ o n t r n t l o n , 2Cu 12::U:
    :11:20:

    PA

    435

    cv~rtr?ae R:16r mx 2a:ra: 1~ 5 :


    Lao do:? MI (1:2:: R e 21-17

    ..

    Cultlvatcrr*

    farmars
    Ut 21.33? : 6 : J k B 54;:34;

    .I011 1G:l:
    1:; .fi; IdU Ell.!;

    kC4) ::,9

    k&

    C u n r r l n ~ .!,y,;;.L3:2" 1% &8:5
    Cure. Irn ,...,,
    512'9.32: lB:15: Lu
    .r.4dn 13:14' A t ,:lG
    Court ~ f f f c i a l z , LICi t(:3':: IRR 5 9 : i ;
    ~ u r a a * t ~
    b ~k d. \ I t 2 6 ~ 4 1 :Ga 18:s;
    J e r 29-1. Ihn 1:3
    JPI. 11..<: l l r i d f l l , G R 3:19: ~e 2 2 3
    ~ o u r t ~ a iMx
    x 2 7 9 : Ee B:l$: ZCh
    CI;;$P;~~$~ man]. J a s 3:s; K x 82:
    4 : s ; ~ z ; 8 : 1 6 ; 10:a: Rlr 1 4 : ~
    .:G: Jlr. 1d:;l; Ro 12:14
    Cyye7,ant [ A b r a h a m l o ]
    utr 1G:lS:

    ,.,. HX

    2:24-

    nn a:l;: bra1 s : ~ ; ~brt'mln, hlt. 9'i:LL: Ex 2B:86; Hcb

    l;.llbn 01n3* 1rJ:;~J


    Iru 1.i:: C;n 3':l'i; Dn. I 1 : E
    C o v e n a n t r D a v l d l o , K l n o d o r n l , BSR cuskoby,' ;\r. 4:a: f i : l x ; M t ?6:4S
    Cl!rtonim, 1o
    , lX:.lO) Jor IU:9, Jg 18:
    Ay fl:l.i; 1 t ~ : X 1fi:tl; 1Po 11:16
    ~ u t ' t l n- o f f ~ d s s t ; u a t l o n
    Mt 25:
    41,:
    L I P , xep 1 3 ; d e 2:9
    Cvrua. l ~ r 16:1,
    i
    k:Er 1:l; Da 1 : a l

    drt!

    4 : 1 3 . 2 l h Mic 7.5 C o n l ~ d e r r t l a l[ t a l k l , Pr li:13; Ps 64:


    ? S: 3 Pr 20115; Z5:9
    ~ o r i r c u n 6 i n g .I- 22:5: m e 1:4
    Confront, 2 S a ?2:19; Ps l7:13; 59:lO;
    S S . 1 9 1 a R 37:33; M!c 8:6
    ~ a m f b s l e n , I 8 A 22:s; De 2a:ZO; Pr
    I!, I , , ; Eze 7:;;.2?5;
    d c 19.29
    Canaealad, E r 10.8; Z q l : l 2
    C o n Q r a t u l a t e d , E c 4 3 : ZSs A h l ?
    Congrsgatlon
    belonga t o C h r ~ s t
    1

    lE

    srrorl,
    ash-I.

    Corrtrivlnp
    Control
    1C.o

    Ci:i

    Kpti 1 : 1 4
    G -3:
    Y:

    ;:?;. I1 2YA Tlt 1

    ,kc !21:?6:
    ?1'B 1 % '

    ~ o n t ~ o v s r a l r t lI\C~ : 17 13
    C o n t r o v a r n y , I:* 23:s 9 , 11; A0 18:15
    C a n t ~ ~ o v e r s[ y~ s h o v n hhma wlth the
    n a t l c n h l , 9r.1.
    31
    Conve;ttons,
    La:%
    1>:1B: Le P18:4, 56:
    Srl ..A.:G.
    ?'1:7: I H n 4:b
    5"

    : 6:PI14 CoI I:$

    cnnprca;t/on
    [ o f &dl, i c 20:28,
    I ( 1 1 1 :,. N e I 3 : l ; 1Co 1 0 : 2 2 ; 16.9
    C o - ~ ~ r s g f t l o nof n a t u r a l Israel], Ac
    I :34: 4C'11 7:R. De ?3;1;
    2Ch 2D:ZS
    C o n g r e o a t l a n [ o l mpkrhtual I s r a e l ] ,
    A< i , . l l : ICo 1 k 2 h : Eph 1:23: 8:l(l
    C a n g r a g a t l o n s [In c l t ~ e s J ~ AL1:22:
    c
    Fit,
    .Is I ; LTh 1 2 ; 1 % ~
    - * I , 5 , 3;:
    Congregations [In homes],
    165;
    Ic'n 11,.19: Col 4:1S;~P-h3+2

    .,

    3:14

    Congregator, E e I:lu. ,
    1
    2
    1
    1
    3
    Coresea I S s s a h a Soul tdnadl>.
    Con.urcrs L>a 1:80- "."- $5'- 0:7
    C o n q u e r , >oh ]LG:~~':-R;
    1 2 : k l : 130
    1 ' lie 1 2 : l l - 1 7 - 1 4 . 23.7
    cqYse~ence, IF: 3 : i l ; 'RO '8:15: 1S:6:
    -.
    -t'o 1 - 1 2 , Hell 9:0: 1O:ZL'; 1 P e 2:19 ~ c k - a c t o r , 1 l r ~~.':II: l*r 9:1
    rice], IT1 2:a
    Conscious. X I t 6:3* EC 9.:; Rcb 10:: C o r r e s p a n d l n p
    Cons~dsrprtion,21<i 16:16
    Corroded J ~ ! K
    6?r
    Cansulatlon
    breaci of], La 1:10
    Carrtrpt, '1'1'1 11:L: Dn 6.4. ZCa I t B $
    Consolation ~n a e n e r a l l . Lu 3245: C o r r r ~ l > t l o nAr 2 , : ; ; 1:::fd; 1113 8 ; 2 i ;
    I; ,2.1; F I I ~
    l r r l I G 66. rEn tl s.
    zmrn
    .%

    1'
    a-:I

    Conrrola. . J u h 11:19: IT^ 5:ll


    Consort I q u t a n l y l . Ps 4 5 . 9 ; Ne 2:B
    C o n ~ p l c u o u n ,Ua 8 3 , 8
    Connplrhacy,3Sa 15:13: ZKt l2:20' 17'
    4: 1:cr :I;:lS, Jer 1X:9: Eze i2:2i
    Conmtabtes, A c L6:35, 38
    C o n s t a n c y , I3a 6:16, 50

    ,rO

    Cokrnflcl o f ' ~ o h o v a h :]I ~lnl, dt :L'll

    ,Tar

    I
    :
    I . ;
    I:$;,kc g0:$7
    C y y ~ s : ! ~ l o f t h o h a a r t ] , Pr Zrr:b:
    L L ? ,

    I.*

    of w1oksd onsa bn l 0 : 2 '


    71.11). Isn 2 3 : i t . Ac ~r:a$
    ~ o u n a c l b r ; o i rimhtaou* h e r $ Isn
    !r:r;:
    I'r 11:t.i. L;:yZ,
    f ~ r r 1:,B
    C o n s t a n t [Tuature], fja 8:lI-IS; ll: C o u n t a n ~ n n s , d o .\:b: D ~ 25
    I Ell
    31. 19;11
    Courapc, BIL 9 : : . 2 2 ; 11.1:27: SIr 10:
    Counsel

    r.3 :1:1.1\.

    C r e a t i o n {manklnd],4 Cnl 1 :Zn; 8 r a


    :::.L,
    Mr 1a:fi; lX:I!l, 110 1::U; H:13
    Creation [new, in C h r r s t l , 2Uu 5 :
    t i T:a 6:13
    creator. Ec I2:l: T m 40:'LtI; 4S:Ib;

    li'c 4:19

    Creatures, Ge 1:20; 2:19; 0:l[l: Le


    11 .46, Jan :IS; R e 6:13
    Credence Lu t : l
    C r e d ~ tL&6:BZ 34
    ~ r e d i t b rD e 16~2.2~14:i:l~a
    ??:2
    crpepira6 [anlm;ls
    thlngs], Oo 1:
    * I , ?,:IT1 P a 118:hll; HI, 8 : l S
    C r i m e , Xt 27:23 L U 28:l
    C r i t ~ c a ltrmes !TI 3:l
    C r i t i c ~ z r ,1Ti k:t; E a 21:26
    C r o o k e d Pllp : 1 6 . Pr 2:1Rq ba I&:
    fi:ll~
    161:4,125:5:gc t : ~ t fit^:^
    C r o w d E g o o d . w ~ l l pureonel, 310 7 : n :
    f i ~ ~3 . : ~t
    ~
    1 3 : a 4 : I E : . ~ I - 21.8
    Crown ~ C O9:?5;
    211..l: i*:ze B f :
    G'
    i ~ 2 i: j ; ipe ~ : 4 ,Ite 11:14
    ~ r u C 1 ,13e 33:33; Pr 5:!1: Il:X;: 12:
    J O ; Tsa 13:9; Jer E X 3

    ;rd

    !+

    .I.LI.

    --

    P r y [Of

    vanpeanga]

    (Sam Y e n g e -

    n-nco)
    Day [P,MO.yaar p*rlbdl, 9Pe 9.8
    Dny 7 QOO oar p o r l o d l , Ga a:%: B x
    ,11:fri; 1

    L Z !:la:
    ~
    ,

    4:4

    Dny L240!ourn
    PI. :i':l; Job 3:8;
    t r s E; ., !:x 2 i : f i : EC 7:1: M r 13:82
    D?,yr [ l n n t l , 2 ' N 3:1;-Mr 1,:" 20; Ac
    ,1 7 : :rhr 3:
    :nn D:A
    Dmyn [ I l r e s nn], P# 9u:Pb: B c 2 3 ;
    t.0 t::;;
    1 f ~Pr: 3::: I s m GK:TZ

    486

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    of resurrection], Joh l l : 2 4 :
    1!:13' 2Ti 4:8
    Dead ap~;ltuall 1. M t 8:22; Ra 11:
    15 &ph 2:l2:26
    ~eak
    [ u n c o n s c l ~ u s l ,E c 9 : 6 ; Pa 5:;:
    116:17: Isn 3Y:18
    Deaf [frauratrvelyl, 13s 42:1S, 19:
    '13:8; P s 3 S : l :
    Deaf Cllteral Ex 4:1la Mt 11:6: Le
    15:14. Is* d{:lS- X r ?'2
    :
    Death '[asleep
    Ac ,
    13:Btj;
    Ps 13-3, LC0 ::h; l-Th' 4h5
    Death [baptism o f ] . Ro 6:1
    D e a t h [due to Adam]. Eo 5:lf: Heh
    2.1i: G c 5.11; Ps 56.4; 160 15:26
    Death aates at), Ps 9:11; 10T:l-:
    Juh
    - - -.
    Death [ ~ l n p o t e n t in Job 2 6 5 - Pa
    ~ h . 1 0 ' p r &:IS- 9mZi. Isa 14:g
    Death I~esus' Jrnd c'fl. P ~ 3:IO:
    D
    Rt. 14.1": Ho b:S; 1Co 11:28
    Death [keys 013, Re l : 1 P
    D e a t h [second a n n l h i l a t i a n l , Re
    ba s

    d~

    As

    d-,:

    9 n " < , 11 : 150

    :':IS

    Death [sentence

    ~ t a t eWORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    437

    Dl n l t y [aa t o e a r t h l y rulers1 Z e c
    i c h aR:lb' 8i:lO- Esr 8:2b
    t.13. Jsr 2?:16: D a 2.6 37; 6:36
    bnd k o 2 it. Lu " Z ' G 1
    511'1 ? ! l l . I J 2'ili;
    ~
    11:~ i :29: D l n l i y 101 God] 1LY1'18:27+ 28.11;
    4 0 10. Y H idii+6. Ian aalao
    (In cmin. I,: ,h 1.102; l ~
    s I ;ian* 4::

    41:

    Qsatnnm
    Daalrsa

    ~ r . l r e , [ i e l d ! h l , I ' m 100:31:

    DC L:21;

    ~ l l l ~ a ' ~nnt; l a s l , P ~ ' 1 $ : 4 ;12: 24; ~ 3 :

    h i t 12.25- A C E:?O'
    h : l 3 $1:::;
    D e s p a ~ r I.:c 2 . 2 0 : 1 ~ . h ' ~ + i : i : 1 ' Juh &:2&
    ~ c m p i c a b ~ c~t, 6 : 2 1 , ~8.n A:!:
    Dorn~sod, Qlr. ?;:24,
    tsn 6.1:1;
    11, ?I:
    2::24: 1:c 0:lG; .let- 49:15
    Derpoalazl. 1'1'1 r.:G: Inn IG:l. .Ier 2tl:
    h ; .I?
    :'. A111 3.10: I11hlb 2.U
    Deu ot l.:xc. .rl:ri
    0 ~ ~ P r n 6 d \!r 1+;'23' Joh 1 1 : I l : LU
    .I 7 21:11. h r h 1 3 ; 8 + : I?s 1?:6
    ~ e m t r n ' s dftd dpstryction], i'ol 2:22:
    1, It -8 : I * l i f i 1 . 1 7
    t1,:27
    1jn

    of exaeukionl, Ilt

    2!;,6G; EX 31:14; De 17:6


    Debates, 1Ti 2:s: 6:4; Ac 25:ZO
    Debauchery, Tit 1:6; 1Pe 4 : 4 ; E p h
    l5 4:
    6.1q

    Dantructlbn reonianuenoel, h l t 7 3 8 :

    1 1 11 l ' , -

    Dlahonor
    Or

    'tt

    Ro 8:21: 1Co 11:14; 15:49;

    (ims! I I * * ~

    ~ i a r n t tr'atldi, Ins 88:17


    ~taoast~aneR
    s o 6:lQ. 1Pe 2:8; a:
    *(I,. [ < ~ , h
    a
    2T1 8::; Meb 2:2
    ~ r s o ' r d e rr a Qod not of]. ICo 11:33
    ~ i r n r d e r ~Lu
    ; 21 .q. .Tna 3:16; Am 3:

    4:

    ~ e c et l v c Cteachln sl, 2Pe 2:13


    ~ e c i $ e d Xc IG:4: f 4 : l ~ ;25:23: ICa
    2::: TI! 8:12

    D e c ~ m a t ~ n nL7e 32:24- Ps 91.6


    Qeciaran [lbw plain bf, In day 61
    Jehovah] .Toe 3 : l l
    Decisions, k c 4:19- 15-19. Rrr 14:l;
    1Cc. i : 3 T mJas 2:4'- & 16.7
    Declared ;~ghtsou< Ro ~ 1 3 3 ;253;
    3:3a: :.Iv D;, 3 2 4 fm. a - Jas 2:?1
    ~ e c o r a t l o i Isa 4
    ::
    13:11;: 25.1
    ~ c c o r a t l o n '[Jehovah as a &own
    or], I s a H:O
    Decoration Jerusalem and its ternple]. J3a 5 : P ; 11:16; Eze Z0;G
    Decrees. Ps SI4:20; E s 1 : ~ PJ
    : 2:i:
    L I ~::I; ;Ic I B : 4 ; 1T:Zt; Col 2:14
    Dedtcate,

    R o 8:lQ

    Joh 10:22
    Ex 29:5; 39:
    n e e i s , H t i3.6; h T:PZ: Xo 13:3;
    :TI1 2 : l i : Re 6:26; 20:12
    Dedication
    n:cl,cation

    feast of],
    [
    argn
    . of].
    ,ir LR 5:5. 2 1 . n

    D e v o u t , Ac iU:Z 7
    Dlnrlclna, :?{L
    I :I*:

    P#R$:S9: Pr 27:

    :4, I j V l.<;b,:,-12
    1; 10:tc
    Dlnlec.. Ilt , b . ~<
    Diamond Ere ?!!I
    ~ , c t n t o r I:n
    i
    1.1W 3.R. "*.B
    011.~
    r:c

    I:,: ;

    *1*17.

    a;*iil.h

    lk0'3<:;2:h
    923-

    49:lO:

    Dloa [chrnpa o l condltlon~,fau 14:2t


    D l f f a r e n t , 11:1 7:3. 7 10. 93. ,b:Jm:s 1:7
    Difflculiy, j i B o r : ~ b :13n ?:]I

    '8.
    6 : s : 1!2:?d: 2Th 3:fi 11
    Dlnowns, h ~ 10:33t
    XC s : ~ i ;
    7:35;
    17'1 6 . 8 . Tit 1 + 1 ~ . ' 3 !2:1
    ~e
    ~l;patch;d,
    ?11t'2i:34: Ac 8:14; 19:
    " Ic'n
    1;l:; ZCo 12:li
    ~ l + ~ 8 ' e r s s dZec
    ,
    1.19, 21; Isa U:19
    Dlqplenslng, Ge 2 3 %
    Orsposcd, Fr 39:31: h'ri I:2
    Disotrtes. Ue E 7 . a . 21-5. ?3:f' Ac
    I; l a : IT1 P:R; Aeh 6 h 6 : ~ i d 3e
    Dl5regard. Mr S:?F; LU .r;30; 10:la;
    .1~,1: 1 2 4 8 , 1 T h 1:8: 1Ti 5 : l f
    D i ~ r e s n e c t [of God], Pa 74:IS: S e
    ! r !Kt;. 28a 12.14; Pa 74:lr);Ezt 36:12

    438

    Drlnk offerlnga Nu 2Rp7. 2Ch 1 9 :


    8 5 ; 18% 67:G4 ?er 4 1 : l j i '81'1 4:li
    Drunkards, 160 6:11: I'r 28:ZI: Jsa
    'Y:l:
    Mt 2-1:49' leu 1;:10; C4n S:21
    D ~ U ~ C
    S z, e 3 2 : 3 b : ~ b 19:":
    n
    l 1 Sltc 5 :6

    439

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    BlBW WORDS INDEXED TOR QUICK INFORMATIOH

    Dketlnpulmnsd ZSa 23:19: 1~i-111:


    2 ~ u; n 6 : 8 -Am G:I
    b l n t a r t l o n , i'r 16:4: E x 2S:R; Pr 11:
    :1; 19::E: Ac 13:lO
    Dlatrnctlon JlCo 1 - 3 6 . Lu 10.40
    Dl:trea*
    &I the ;i&teous].' Fm 4C:
    .. I'r [I:$: Iaa G5:lG: Xn 1:!I
    Oletress Ion the wlcked], hit Z4:4:
    l l n 1 2 : l ; Tam ~ $ 2 ; 1Th E:a
    b l s t r l b u t l o n , Ac 4 35: F : l ; Ro 1 Z :
    h l d ' r ) I2:Ll
    ~ ~ i t r ~ c thm
    t
    JardanJ Be M:IO:
    I)P ~
    4 i~
    : 7<
    ~~ 4 i
    6~,; ~ ~e1'3 ~ 2 5
    D!yturblng, I r a 2X:i:"G. L e 26.6: JCP

    I'R
    83:

    b v m b , 1.u 1:22;nrt 9:3?:12:2f:lG:90


    'Dung, 1Ki 14:10. ITS* 4:13: Zap 5:17
    Dunny idola LO/ Ierasl
    Lo 26:3P:
    l l i i 16:12 ZKi 1 7 : 1 2 . lijan 0 : 4
    D ~ ~ n nidoia
    y
    [ o f tke'naltiona], De
    "4.17' Lze 2 0 : 7 : l l < l 21:Jd JCI. 60:2
    ~ u r n t i o nt ~ t t e ~ sl]u n 3 3 : ~ :AIII, 11:17
    Dult, Cia P : 7 : f ~ 10;::':
    i ~ SJn 73:s;
    r :!j, X * r * 1'SB
    I ~ Q I : ?l ~s a: 2:1!1, h!t rll:14
    Wiy;mltrcd
    [wiadorn of God], Eph Duty, ICh S-14
    D y n a m ~ cenerg Job 4O:ld; I a n 40:
    ~ i G l n a t l o n ,'De 18:10; Nu 2.2:;: I S %
    :I;
    9L4 Ho 12:.f1
    ~ymontdry,A c 28:s

    lot

    Wiyina

    .uo% 13::.
    1% 6 : 1 : l a a 11:25
    D i v i n e Being, ,LC 1i:2?t
    Dlvlno O n e J C I H22:22; P A 65:l: # Z :
    1. h8:l. ~ i u : q - . l e a 4 6 9
    ~l;tnsly,'no 7 : * h
    Oivlslon dsoursqs of p r i e e r
    IClk
    ??:I:
    2 11 & : I t , E z r 6:18. t U 1:s
    Divl~iom6, I(YJ 1:IO; l l : l S v 1*+2-5:
    drrlr 10:18: I:n 16:17; G a b!?;
    Dlvorco t1t & : ? I : L e 21:;: 22:la: N u
    3(1:!#:hi1 1:1:1; h l d 2:16
    Divoraa Icertlfioate 00 A l t 10:;: Dm
    ? , ! : I ; I N L f i t l : l , J p r $:8; &Tt 6:RI

    Ernaraalpnta, Heb 2:15

    Ernaaaulatad Grt 6 %
    ~ m b a r r a a a a d : Ezr P 6' $11 14:fl
    Ernlralrlcnad A c 6 : s . da ~ : u
    Embrace. O
    :,I
    3.6: 2 i ~ 14:26:
    29:
    I::. 4%. I l r . Pr A:$: C'a 231;
    Emhralrlnrnd EE 26:l; Jg 6:$0
    Elnhryo Pn *13!1.16
    Emory I s t o n a l , Zec 7:12
    Emtnenca lmsn o f ] , Ac 26:28; latl
    :'ti 1
    Emlnsnoo [or Jehovah], Da 99:88;
    T'u b i ? : : I I :
    1Sn 15:Ztr: 1Q1 2l.lL
    Enrotmons [Inward], Ge 43:3fi, 1KI

    Equl psd 2Ti 9.17a Hob 1391


    E ~ ~ I P RDa
    ~ Il i :~0 , ' 1 1

    tirroneausness, TR:L 67-17


    Error Fs 51:5" 1Ps 2d.d; lICl 17:18;
    PH !:1:11: E+ 4 , ~ ~. R i r!!an
    Error [eperat~on091, ?'PI1 - . I 1
    Errors, Ps I ~ I : ~ zI..ar
    ;
    !+.I>;
    Se D:8;
    Ps !do:$; 1-a 63:5: .Ier 33:Y
    Escape Ds 1;6:4+ Floh ?:3" PI. 11:81;
    I:(< 8:8: Isa. 81ji33; Ilob '1&:86
    Escapee Jos 8:Pk JOI* .13:171 I i : f 4
    ~ s t a b l l a h ,G e 6:15: l)@
    8H:ll; b b 1 : 9 '
    j,:+:
    Pr 29;14, hft 1N:lG; l<o, 3 : 3 i
    E r t c o m f d [ h ~ g h l y j . I I c l t I1:2n, 2 I C I
    m

    Esteomsd Clightly], 1%

    I8:ZE; OSa

    nsrs)

    Empty-headed, Bo 1:ZI
    Enclrcla Lu lfr:43
    ~ m e o u r d p a Flub 1 0 : Z j n De 8:Zs: A O
    1 1 Y : : llctn 14.31. 2 e o 9:6
    E n c o u r n ~ s m s n t .&I 1:U; 1Fe 6:tB;

    .H,hl, L'. 6
    Ewcrlastlng [God], 00 21:98; no 16:
    :+a.
    332I
    E r r r l a s t i h g fife], Joh 8:18' 1:11:
    r,::i.
    >TI- 1S:ao; an G:B; I+! 1:16
    Evldence, Ac 86:7
    Evil, ~t a4:18: RO 18:1OS fie ao:ia:

    Doctrine, .ITi1 :3'

    Docirmnnta [ w r l t t e n l Col 2-14


    Ooya, M L 7:fi. P ~ P
    i.2. D ~ ' Z ~ : X B :
    I 9 ?::it;; trn iIi:lB; kb 2 a : r s
    Donrcstlc nnnmals, Ge 1:24: 2 : t n :
    ;:Id.
    I*:Y s r l : l O : I& 24:19- f l e 1:l.I
    Domlnnte, ( : n 1 ;Is: 8 7 : s ; '330 J T . : ~ : :
    l,1#,\ , ! a ; PH l!l:l3: 1@3:19
    Dornlnlan 1tC1 8:18. ZI<i PO:13: PH
    I,lr;:l:r; Fsrn 2 2 : " i ; ba s : p ~ ;
    Doom, Nu ::(:;
    Dours, .rtlh to::: Yt 94:23: A r r;:ll:
    I < u J lli::~:
    24% 212; Jaa 6 : 9
    Doubt, hY t 14::l:
    24:1?
    b o w n t r c n d l n u Isa 2%
    b r n ~ n s t a I.:,, $:00' Eze 26.6 11
    DI'ouaj* ~ " b n t a n l ,k e 12:s.' 17: ra:d:
    t4;:1;., 211::
    Drnwln
    Lconoluslons
    Drrad f i o ~ ? p
    ~ r. l:2R;%e%:ri?j1kn
    I.;"[
    . I , ; Jer Xn:j
    D r c a d l o r Jehovah], 2Ch 19:'- OF
    :(I : 1::
    I.:= 1t:lti; Jsa 11:;- pb6ac:l
    Dread [ o l mnnl, G e 8 3 : f;a 10533% ~ l r r r i e n t s ,2Fe 3:10, 19
    Drentltiil, Pw ! r l : E ; Pr 3 : 2 G ; Jrllr 3: Elevate, Da 6-3
    FIIJ~II, AT^ 1 1 : ~ :LY n:an: IRI
    3 L ; ,T#,r' l!l:fi.
    Dn 2:31
    D r o a n ? ~h, ~ r l
    J o h 33115; De I!: 1; 31C1 3 : I ; Ma? 4 5 : no 17:2
    Ellshil, l K i 19:IC. 2 K I 6:Y; A m l : 1F:14
    7 : I l l i 2:";;
    7:l- A c Z:l
    E l o h i m [referring t o I trims pod],
    Drench, IF!,3 4 : ~ ; 16:s; P s 85:tl
    J: IG:l3. fm. n ; Am f i : t G , flu. o.
    Drink, Mt 2 4 : n ~ E
    : x 8 2 : ~ : Job G:66:
    I<(? 14 : l 7 ; 1Co lo:+;15:321
    Emaciated, Ps 1U2:7; Znp 2:11

    Es 23:2: PY 144:lO; l ~ Il:aD


    b

    E x a c t e r , D a L1:ZLl
    E x a c t i n g Fee
    onar],
    E x cPr
    l u l4.N
    lva~
    d14:M
    #votl0nl
    Jehovah; b; ' ~ c h c v a h ~ ,
    34.5; 97:31: lnrr 25:l
    PI I O : E > ; 1 1 1 : : 3 . 1 2 ;
    18. Isa X:1%: :I'o 1 l : Z O

    1 1 ' ~ 15 5 :

    Ernlr

    Ps

    [selr],

    1'1. 16

    Exalter [ ~ ' e h o v a h an1 !HII 2.7


    Exnrnlnation [make]',' 1'1- 20 is; b e
    1.; :4(i

    E x,n r~e
    n i n2?:33:
    t LathersZ.
    LU ,8:11;
    Flr ~2Um2*
    c'lh
    3er
    22:zi
    ; 9'
    ~ x ; , ~ r n t d[by elf] iCd, P:3: ?:14:
    <I
    14:Z.e. a e a i : k 2 : :iR,2G

    ~ x & l n e r for h e a r t s Jehovah an],


    J'I' 1 7 : 3 ; P s Zti:?: . ~ & 17.113
    r
    Exlrmlncs [self], IF(>?:I5
    Examples C ~ o o d ]Ph],
    ~
    3:L7: IT11 1:
    7 1'1'1 4 ~ 1 2 "]Pe 5::k
    Exesperated, Ge 4 5 : Z i ; Col 3:81_
    E x c a v a t e d , Ge GQ:;;
    PR 7'16: 6 r : 6 :
    l l a + : h ; , Pr 2 6 : Z ; : .lrr 1B:20

    n:
    EXCIUSIVSdevotion [God's

    sraot-

    440

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION


    o f the heart], E p h 1:18: Re
    13;s o b 4 2 5

    Eyes

    441

    Ge 29:ZZ: 40:ZO; XSa 3:20; Pr 16:15

    F e a s t [of Passover Jesus attended


    four times].
    2:23; 6 3 ; 6.4;
    12:12; 13 1; 1Co 6:s
    Feature
    constant], D n 821, 12,
    13: 11:3f:lkl1
    Pwcal m a t t e r Val 2'3
    F e c d [ l i t e r a l j ' A f t 6':2fi: 1Ki 28:27:
    TSA 11 7.
    25:87' RO 12:20
    F e e d r s n i r j t u a l l . ~ o h ' 2 ~ : 1Jer
    6 : 3:15:
    lte i9i6
    Feel s o r r y [by Gad] P a 110:4' Ex
    a z : l . i . m z z . ~ s . a gz : i s . ~106:45
    s

    JOL

    -.

    Feel s 6 r r y i b y 'men],

    hg

    21.6

    Fellow [ m a n ] 1It 2 0 . 1 3 26:60: E X


    2o:ls; 2Sa 1i:ll; ~ r ' 3 : i 3 ;25:s
    F e m a l e s [ c h a n g e d n a t u r a l use], R o
    1

    Fem~nine1Pa 3:7
    Fonced $ 1, 2-14nit 21:33;Lu14 :23
    ~ e r ~ r n e r ( t elf ~ 5:6:
    o 0%
    5!8: Ex 12:

    la:,De 16:s; RZt 13:33

    16:3U

    E y y s l v e [burden],

    IT^ 2:6, 3: ZTII

    ~ g ' k r l e n c e J$ 3:$: 8:16: 1Ti 1:19;


    3Yeb 10 :3d
    E X p r e L U 23:4G4 Job 34:16' GO 6:
    I r ; 7121; Job 11:20; 14:lO; PA 104:29
    E x p l o r e Ec 7.35
    E x p o r t ' 1Ri 10:28. 2Ch P:17
    Ex uirlte [delight;], Ec 2:s: Ca 7:6;
    1 16, 2 . 9
    Exterminate 2Sa 2 2 : 3 S m l?s 119:s.;;
    l i u 25.11.be 28:21: ~ o s24:20
    ~ x t e r m i n a t ' i o n ,l s 28:28:
    ~
    10.28; K e
    3 . 3 1 D.z 9 2 7 . Zep 1:lY
    ~ x t ~ n i u i s lsa'
    h 1:31-Xt 1 2 3 0
    ~ x t i n g u l s h k d , P s lli(:13;Isa 48:17;
    Job 21:17* Pr 13:8; 20:20: 24:en:
    Isa 39:10.'66:24
    E x t o r t e d 2'co 9 : 5

    ~ x t r a o r d l n a r y , 1Th R10: 6-13: Ds


    1 3 ; Da 4:36: 5:12, 14; 8:3
    Extraordinary Inothlng for God],
    G
    - e 18:l.i
    -- -

    ExultatIan Ga 6 ' 4 ' Php 1.26; Ps


    46'7: i i d : ~ ~
    ~~
    i a:XZ:3:
    '
    ~i:3
    E x u l t l n a l y , 1Ch 16:35: Ps 108:47
    Eveball. Zec 2:s
    ye- for' eye Ex 21:24; Le a4:20; De
    1h:Zl;bit t : 3 8
    E y e s [ l i t e r a l ] L u ll:a4;E c 1.8' 6 : 9 ;

    Job 3 9 2 9 ; $a 123:l;Pr 20:id


    E y e s [of Jehovah] 1Pe 3.12; P s 33:
    IS; 11:4; Pr 16:;; sa:ri

    F s r t ~ l e[become] Jns 1:15


    Festivals, ~x 22.14: eT,
    23:4;x u 15:
    3; ZCh 2 : 4 ' 7 : 8 ; La 2 6
    Fever [burning], L > s 2S:Zf:8Z:24: Ps
    78 4 8 Ha$ 3:i
    ~ l d e l i t i ,Tlt 2:lO
    F i e r c e ZTi 3:3. 'Mt 8.28
    ~ i g h t gJna 4 9 ' ; t i t 8'3: 2Ch 20:11;
    A p C43rt. ZT1 2.28
    fl-gurqbifdcvised by Jehovah], Isa
    14:L4
    F l g u r e s [lmagesl, A c 7:48
    Flll hands w i t h power
    priestly],

    E x 3 2 : m : Le 18:3?

    2ck ia:9

    F i n a l e Isa 46:10;47:;;Jer 5:31:17:11


    ~ i n a n i i a l l y[ w e a k
    F i n e a penEllt 1
    17:
    26. $1.11. 2
    1
    J 83:33- BCIY 26:3
    ~ l n i k h ,11t' 24:lS; I ? o f 6 : ~ 1 ;Ln 12:
    50' "Ti 4'7
    ~ i ' r e 'k r 6.48, aSn f3:7. IXi 18:38;
    I & 3:13" 1-feh 11:?9: krtde 7
    F l r m , ~ e l 3i5 : 6.19: 2Pe l:LO,1R
    First-born, Col 1:15; Re 1 : 5 : E x
    13:2: N u 3.4.5: R o 8:a:l: Reh 3:6
    F i r $ t . b o r n [ r r g h t s as, birthright],

    ke?2?i:;35pr

    1.3, 1 1

    F o r e t e l l e r s of events] Z K I 21:P Le
    19 31; DP !X:li: 2Xi i ~ : ~ ~d ;s i a9 : ~
    F o r e v e r [ p h y s i c a l c r e a t i o n ] Ps 104:
    i ; U a 12.3;i.ie8:22;Pn
    111;~;ilt~:~
    Fovfelt, Jos F:PG
    F o r g e t P I I ~3:la.Rhb 1a:a:Jasl:24

    ~ ~ ~ e ~ ~ , ~ ~ p d 5l:la;
    l ~ ,

    J * L , , d m'
    .1
    1ae. U d . 1 1
    Ge 26:33' U e fl:17 Heh 1?:16
    1Co 16:3h:Le 23:1b, 17: Forjlvt, Le i:2d: Jer 31:84; M t 6:U;
    r 2:s; Col 1 9 4
    ?.I1
    Ro I 1 : l 6 ' J a u 1.13- Re 14:4
    For<Ilveness CJehovah a Gad of10
    First r e c c & i t l i n , k u T 8 : 2 3 ; 11:2
    F i s h BTt i : t D * 17'27: Qe 1:aG; De 4:

    F j r s t fruit;,

    18; Ps 8 8; h c 9':12
    F l a s h e d forth], Ec 1:5; U e 32:31:
    Z l i l 3 : h : Pfi 112.1;Isa 58:IO
    F l a t t a r , 1 T h 2:s. Pr 26.28
    F l e s h Lhscome o h e l , G e 2:24; &Ir 10:
    F o r m a t i o n b a t t l e ] 51: 20::~~.
    1Ba 6:
    h ; 1Co 6:16: E p h 5:51
    2 : 17.2. &a 10,s: P C I ~~ a : r o
    Ftesl1 r c r e a t u r e s of], ICo 15:39: Le
    ~ o s m e r t' ~ o d ] 1<a14::8. 3er 10:16:
    1-.11. E e 6.13, 8:17: N u 1632
    ~ l e h lt s l n f u l ] ,
    7:1Sm bTr 14:2Zm 145 63:1. 44:am Am 4:13'
    Ro 8:12, 13:14; Ga 5:19: 1Jo 2:!6 F c r n i c s t i d n dt 199; Ga 5:lQ; IWr
    ;:zi: 1~o'6:18;n e a : l r : 1 7 2
    F l o c k [7iguratlvsJ, Joh 10:16: 1Pe a:
    2 . P a 7;:20' Isa G3:ll: Eee 34 3 Fornicators, 1Co u:9; Eph 5!5: 1TI
    1:10;Reb 12:10
    F l i c k [ l i t s r a l i Ge 4 : 4 ; E x 3:l; D e
    12:17; 1Sn 1 ( : 3 4 ; ZCh 3 5 : T ; Ca 1 : i F o r t i f l c a t l o n , Lu ln:43

    ho

    442

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    F o r t l f l e d Tma 1 7 3 - 25.1z4 34:13


    ~ o u n d a t i o n I n gkneralj, Lu 6 : 4 9 ;
    Heh 6:1:
    16:20; 1Co 3:10
    Foundation [of t h e world], MC 25:
    3 4 : l y e l : I + j ; Isa 28:16
    F o u n t a ~ n[God
    De 33328; R e 21:6
    Flruntalns, Mr %Y; Joh 4:6; Jas 3:
    11: ?Pe ?:I7
    F o w l Ps i 9 : 2 . t% 9'10. 40:17; Le 17:
    13:'ce +: 10; 1% i 7 4 5
    Fracture Le 2139: %:10
    Fraglbe. b8 2:5
    F r a m e w o r k , Ro !?,:do
    F r a m l n g [ t r o u b l e by decree], Fa

    b:

    9 4 :?c

    llBLe

    WORDS INDPXED FOR QUICK lNPQRMATlON

    443

    d l u t t a n r Tit 1-12' Mt 1 I : i b
    naal
    11.12~' ~ h 5p+ l l n HaZl P:6
    a o n & ' M t Z'G.~?. L'R 4:1-' Ex 18:5:
    I,U ~ G : R . IIR tllar: ~ d ~ r ' n : ~
    00rl ~ ~ 1 1CIO
    , ' 17:1' a1:33: 11:x 8 3 ;
    I[#:
    34:a ksn ::h
    nod ~'Eloah']. Job 38:12: 37:22: N4
    'r8!,.
    p a 18-81. l1.1:7' Ps 80:6
    a i i [ ' E I O R I ~ ~ i s o s i1.6 Elp.klm),
    t;o t I: 1 . 1 ~ 3:ti; 20:2: NU 2?:1R
    Ood [pet ready t a mest yourl, h m

    t~i

    " L , 1"
    ~ ~ c i - : [ One,
    ~ o l ~navar dlerJ, Hab
    1'1'
    00; *~ssumas 41 Jah
    aoa [llrhn
    JOB b.10

    1:I 1 8 - 10:311

    h2:2'* sd:?:
    ~araiP*
    Heh I ~ F ' : s ~
    JQhovah), nn lO:17;

    ,Fur 1o:ltl: 'nn

    Ood [of

    :'I% :!:C,

    pods,
    T'rt

    l 3 1 ; * 2 , n n 2.47

    Thcoe
    5 1 ~ 1 1 4:2dP 1:": Aa 6:
    : > ! v ; \to 13
    Hrl) l : 4 : 19:23
    O O ~ I[ t h s trukl, 1.411 4 : 4 : Z C V I 1a:iP;
    .Irrlr :!l:Zc: 1 % 1<,RO. I-:c ] % : I 3
    o o d t ~ s ~ aI ,I C 1~ 1 . h ~? a 4 ,\a l n : ~ ~
    Godly rlevotlon, ,l'l '9:;;
    "l'c 1:s;
    n c a: I n : 11.1 s:~l;: d :K: a.1;
    Corlly f o n r , l l n l r h : ,; 1!!."1
    DOdB, I'>x
    211 :I: 12:12: 1 i T 1 i :
    10:
    K
    1 'i : I't! 32 :I ,
    Clnrln I l n l a a . o f daad Luck rnd
    Ond

    1]!

    ne

    Fullness, Jmh I : I E : Eph 4;15- RO 11:


    12: 1Co 10:26; Col X:l9; 5:5
    Fun Ihavinsl. Pr S R 1 9
    Fun [make ;TI, X r 10:34: L u 22:68;
    2 R : l i : > I t X:19, 31; Ge 21:9
    Function. Ro I?:4: Eph 4:tS
    Furious Ebecome],
    PFO1i:f'i

    Ps 75:59; 89:aS;

    Furnace [flguratlve]

    a?:;

    . ; r 8 ~+Y:io;Jer

    De 4:W- Eke

    i1:4;31t 13hz

    Furnish, ITi 1:1; G : f i


    Futile. Ra S : Z n : Tlt 3:9: 13:ZO
    Future [determined" by men] Pr 5 :
    11; 19:": 20:11; ,3:18; ~u'l3:9
    Future [known b y God] Isa 11:22-

    Ps 37.";. 38; 73717:

    ~e1:12:1;99:li

    Ontlahl
    4Lrj 1
    o a l r l ~ & u r . a t l v ~ l 1Ca A!lB; Job 28:
    111" 1 : 4 1 ~ liaJmlT,I'I~#:IN
    ~ o l Lil i t a r n l l J i ~ nK:3' E x 8 : 8 t n 5 0
    3 # I * Il<l I ; : ~ IAP
    ; 1+::!!1: l h 'I:~s
    ~ o l i d t h t ! , rill. 1G:Xg:J011 18:1$
    Comorrhnh, M r tIl:lB: I4o 11:29: as
    lIr:ltl: 19!24; I U I L I :!I: !f'r! 2 li
    aoocl 1111 ! : I ? ; I T i Ii:!",I ' M R4:R;
    t~:.ib: ittr T : I H
    I ~' iIt ! :N;
    dood f o o d I r l A r t !8:17: Lit IR:TO
    Ooorl.hye. b11-'6:~lfi,
    Lu D:61: 14:38:
    .\r. !?:IS, 21: Fat,2 . 1 3
    Slaod rlny [n
    r t c t l n a l , Mt 07:Is;
    x:w: : ~ : i b ;
    I . : & . ,Tnlt 1!+:3
    O o o d - f o r - n o t h l n u . pr 8:19: ld::::
    Iml.:r I S n 1 . 1 ~ .2 s . ~? I l : l : Pr 1X:4
    a o o t l LUCK[gOd or]. b n G:II
    Goodness, Z r f : ' . Y l : On 5 : " : Pi' 11:
    Ell, %PI. 1 17: I t r ~1 i " l l . i8:pll G:R
    Ooarl new. (al ChrlttJ. ! l o lt:19:
    I$',, !t 12: :'<-#> 2.1:!. (,a t : 7
    Dood naws [or Gad], Itn 1 1: 16:lE:
    '!('.I i l 7 : 1Th 2 :. ll'fi I : l ?
    Oood new; [or t h e KlngUom], 53%
    9 I+: 3Ir 1.14: hl t !?.:YI
    d o o d news [rspartc], Irn 61:l: F n
    .In.o,cq I ~ ; ~ H 46.!4,:?:7,Jar
    I I
    tO:fl
    Qood sense, 1-:1111 1 :a
    Good tlmo, OP :0:R; EX83:8

    Hebtts [rnodarata Inl, 1TI 3:2, 11;


    Tlt 8:?

    Hades. >It 1 l : i S : 1638: Ac 2:31: R e


    1 . l R : 8 ' 8 - ?0:13
    H a l l . Ex $:IS. P s 18:12; Job 3 8 : B ;
    lurr 26 2 ; &e18:7; 16:21

    Ham,

    1%
    I h : I . 1Ch 1:4; P s 75:61;
    /116:za, 1os:2i
    Hand [ l l t e r a l l , air 9:43: 2Ki 10:16;

    DH i:6; Lu D:C2; ~ C O
    l?:lfi

    444

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    BIBLE

    Re 175.1Co 6:15. Mt 2 1 ~ 8 1 :
    Lu 1<:30. I-1eb' 1l:SI; is 2:25

    Harlots

    Harmful 2'~h
    3:2
    Harrnoniouafy Xph 4:18;Col 2:2, 19
    H a r m o n y 2 ~ Gd:15
    H a r p , C3: 421: 1Sa 18!16; P s 8832,
    43:4- 1Co 14.7. n e 14.2

    Harve'st [ f l g u r a i i v e ~ bit
    ,
    13:30: 9:38;
    Pr 10:B;Jer61:33;Lu10:8,Re14:15
    H a r v e s t [ I ~ t e r a l l Ru 2:21n Ge 8:28;

    45:~;EX 23;16;'a4:~1;
    ~a'19:9
    H a s t y [before Ood be not] F c 6:2
    Hate, Mt 6:43; pr36:16; P
    : 139:21;
    Ec 3 . 8 ' L u 6.22; Re 2;F;

    ~ a t e f u 'i ~ l 3t: i
    H a t e s ?oh 1 6 * 1 9 m7:7: Ps 11:8;Jah
    3:201 12:25. iro' z:9
    Hatin
    IJO ' 4 : 2 0 ; Tit 8:s; Pr 8:13;

    1~:18!28:16. 29:24

    , ~aa'4:6.Lu 151;15a&:S,

    Hau h l

    act

    Havoc.

    I+

    id.,,-

    I ~ '22:4:
    R

    RO I:,,

    6i:ig: 69:7: 60:18:

    I-To f : 1 3 : Joo 1:15

    '

    1Co ll:a*Pa 18:43*E x


    16.25:lUh!L$:ll:l3 h 6.23 col2:'ls
    Head [flgusatrve]
    2 ~ i : 2 i ;Ps 255.
    Eze 33:4: I* 18:2n; Be 1833: 17:i
    Head [literal] 3Ir 6 : 2 4 Jg 5:?8. G e
    48:14:IS= lf:54: 31t 2i:37: ~ u ' 0 : 5 8
    Heal, Ge 20:17;2Cl1 $:Id: a0:20: P s
    6:2; 41:4:60:2:Isa 6 : Y O
    H e a l C m i r a c u l o u s l y ~ ,M t 8:E; Mr 5:
    29: Xu 13:13,A c 2R.P
    H e a l e r s false] 2Ch 1G:lZ
    H e r o d [the Greatl, Nlt 2:7; Lu i:5
    H e a l l y \rniradulousl I , 1Co 12:28: Hesttate De 7:10 E c 5:4
    L u ,,:IT: E x 17:26 h z s 47:11
    ~ e z e k i a i 2Ki 16:20. 20:f: Isa 8 7 2 :
    H e a l l n rreconcrllng Fr 12:18; 1 6 :
    38.9. ~ i 25:18.
    r
    ' ~ f 1.1
    c
    24.
    147:3'W c
    Jer 119:19
    ~ i g ;lace=,
    i
    Le i ~ : 3 0 ~e
    : 38:29: 1Sa
    ~ e a / t h 8Jn
    ,
    2;'Pr 43223 Jcr 8 3 ' 6
    rt:12 ~ I <11:'7:
    I
    PR73:5!
    H e a l t h f u l [teachingl, 1Ti 1:lfi;6 ; 3 , ~ ; g bhr ~ e s t Xu
    ,
    3 6 : Z U ; ZXJ 12:lO: 33:
    ZTI 1:13;4 3 . Tit 2:1
    4; hlr 14.53; Joh 11:61:A c 6:17
    H e a r f l g u r a t ~ v e ] Iea G:10; 24'1: R2: H i g h w a y Cfiauratlve], M a 55:s: 40:8;
    3;
    la:14-16; h e a:ao
    6Z410*Pr 16'17. Jer 31.21
    Hear [literal] Pi- 2 2 5 7 , Ro 10:14. ~ l g i w ; ~~l i t d r a i l , JE 2 h : a l ; 2139:
    Lu 8 : 2 1 ; Xi i0:27: 2Ti i:l?;Re l:i
    1% 6 ' 1 2 ?Ki Z S . 1 7 " Isn. 7:s. 36:2
    Hearaa Job 4 2 5 . Ps 18 44
    H i n d e r , A; 21:4; Ro ii5:22; 1;1i5:7;
    Heart G n t e r o f t h i n g ] , Mt 18:40; 7 T h 7 1 G . 1Pn 7 . 7
    Jon 2!3: E x 15:s: Eze 27.25
    H e a r t Cflgurative 07 dlspositlon], Mt
    11:29;IS9 10:9;Pr I4:ZO; 1593
    ~i'tiirt?: G B a3:10. me 20 17;rg 1 : 2 6 ;
    Heart [flguratlve of Inltlatlve], Xu
    2Sn 1i:a: ZI<i 7;s; Ne 9:8
    16.28; T,u 9 ~ 4 7 :G e 6 - 5
    Hoarse P a 64:s
    Heart [Rgurative o f m o t i v e ] Mt 28: Holins;~, R o 6 - 1 9 : 2 6 0 132: R o 1:4;
    37: 1Ri 9:4: P r 4:23: 31t*l2:84
    ?C:o 7:1. 1Th 3:13;Heb 13:10

    Head [ c h i e f ]

    ZII

    JL

    H e a r t [literal] Ex 85:&0, ISa 4:18:


    2 6 . 3 7 . 21Ci 9:$4

    ~ s a v e r i[remnant's lofty ministry],


    Ite 11:12: Eph 1:3: 2 : G ; Re 8:l

    WORDS

    INDEXED FOR QUICK 1NFORMATrON

    445

    Husband, Ge 5:O; IT1 3 2 ; 2Sa 8:16:


    2I<i 1:1' ICo 7.2
    ~ ~ j b ~ r t d ' [ ~ h am],
    r i s tRe 21:2; 2Co

    Heb lflh31m
    1Pe S:6:
    BK 18:12; J A ~ 12:lo;' F;]118:16
    Happened, 2Pe 2:22
    Happiness Ac 40'35' Ro 4 3 ; Ga 4 %
    H a p p y [ a d t o ~ 0 6 1 i. ~ 1:Il
    i
    Hand [power]

    Holiness tbelongs t o Jehovah]


    3 9 . 3 0 - 2 8 . 3 8 . Ps 93.5- Zec 1.4:~;

    ~ a l yt h o a t '07 n o i r d s ~

    Ex

    26:n;
    1Ki ~ : G , E41:4:Da
    &
    9 : 2 b : ~ e b9:s
    Heavens [earth's a t m o ~ p h e r e j , de H o l y [name], 1Ch 16:3E; L u 1:49
    EX

    446

    BIBLE

    WORDS INDEXED FOR

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    QUICK INFORMATION

    hi the word], Jne 1%


    Imnlqy,enis. Cc 9:I3; G e 2 7 3 ; 2Sa
    & I . - - , 11.2 J9:zl
    Inrplored [for Tawor]. D e 3323: Ce
    4: .:I ,ZIii1.13:Es4:8;Heb11:19.25
    I m p o r t u n ~ t I e s . Pr 6:a: L u 1 5 3
    rmblaitlng

    1 ' 7 . . X ~ C3:K f t n . c.
    fmpoas~ble Ilt li:20; 19:26; Nr
    I t 1 27, lldb
    11.6
    Impostors Z'Ti 3:18; Yt 27~681
    lrn~ostur; Mt 2 1 : M
    Im~losenttin death] dab 2B:ii: FR
    hh,llb; Pi- 2:18: ~:l!.f
    I P 14.9:
    ~
    86:l.l
    ~mpovsrlbher[Jehovah asl, 1% 8:::

    Girl.

    ...

    1
    " -0.v
    ,' ,, ,

    Improvising, Am 6:s
    Impulses [rtsxual] 1TI 5:ll
    Inlr,ure. ?CII 25:;: kz?9:11: Eze 1&:6
    tna n ~ " ~ a ? e ; ' l ~ "ii-:;; Xer 51:6
    Inaugtrrnte, X u 7 : l n : ?Ch 7.8: S e
    1: 2 ; . nn 3:2, 8 ; Heb 10:ZO
    fnauqura:e [bu~ldings], D e 20:s; 1KI
    li fi
    4 r h 7:s: E z r 6:16

    ~ n a r r ~ b r a t c[legal
    d
    matterm],
    t b . 1 ~

    Heb

    1Ilicn.s [seUrlAeialJ E r 8 6 . & - LB Efielanrllcant, ' J o t , 14:2i; J o r 14:a:


    'Ir 1:1 % P C 19.;
    111.1Nu 16:35; 2ch. 26:IE; ~ k aI' :13
    ~nc:nsa stands], Z C 14:s:
    ~
    84:J; ~ s n~ns~nuit~sn:,l i n h 8:0
    I r R : 2F.s. E z e 6 . 4
    Inaalanra .I<1 I!r:il; Isa 3 i : 8
    Inienisd, scTli.l:iF;
    lnbolarrce' o f heart], La 8:86: Isn
    Inclts Tieb 10.24. Ro 10!19~Joa 16:
    :v.4h:
    1o:J
    tb;: lorI; 1:14" 1&h 2 1 : I h 3hh 21.2
    Inaalnnt, Icu i:8L1; Imlxea:&: Iaa $3:10;
    lnclinat~on,d& 3:4.De 3 1 ' : 2 l . ~ p 1 1 ' 6 : ~ ' t a n ?a1
    lncllnation t o f heaktl. Ge 13':s: 8:21:
    I (-1, .,<.a,. - Iya 2tl:3lnconip~ehinerble[things] J e r 88:8
    Incotruptlble, TI 1:17: i ~ 9:26;
    o
    I:rl I 2:l P e 1:4 23- 3:1
    Dnspircd nxpruaslonm [luttsrancsr],
    lncorrupt!blemess, ko
    m h 6:II
    1:r. I t l 1;:; l J l > 4 . 1
    11 11 1>1(!
    Incorruptlrrn, :Ti 1:lQ;
    1Co l5:42. 50 tnstallrtion [ o f prlkotal, FZa: 3 : t Z :
    1.0
    3 '
    I
    ?
    R."P
    I n c r e a s e , MI. 4:s; Jeh 3 3 0 ; Le 2 ; :
    I C ; Y',! p , t f i , Go1 1:10
    lnatrgatrnp,;l;r
    41:3
    Sntieeently. ICo 13:s; De 23:l.I: 2 d : l Instinct#v r l y Lwiasl Pr tO:Z4
    l h d a c l s ~ v e ,Joe 1.5- 4.8
    Inatrtrct, I'r 4 . 1 : :l\l 1!?:3; LPcl 1;:lO;
    .Ir 1.' 5 ; 2Clh ti:::;
    P3 -iL:4, Ac r:Z:
    lnrlcstrrlctible ~ ' e d
    116
    Ind~nR
    , s 1:1:'8:9
    fnatn~ctlon, nu 3 2 : ~ : THR 8 : I L : rit.
    Intllcating, IFe l!lf
    11 d:.
    1'1. I::: TSN 2D.1'Lm M t 1 1 , t
    Irlcllcatol. [ J r ~ s t j Pr 1t:Ll
    In!lrueter [hurntnl, 1'1. b . i 3 ; bit la:
    lntllgnant [ b y jehovah], Ds o : l 5 :
    1,k1 I i 1:
    57.1;. Xu 18:%2; Ec 5:fl
    !ndiUnant'[by Aan], G e Q1:10; Es
    2 : " : l7.u ll::?0: J e r 8::15
    Indlgnatran [by Jehovah]. De 29!2S:
    .Ir.. 22::'lr: 2I'h 2h:8: Pn IR2:10
    l n ~ l l u n a t l o n[h& ~ e s u s l ,AIr c:5
    Ind\rcement ?Co 6.13: Ga B : l a : Pr
    25 1 3 ; Rr,
    1Ti 6 9 4
    Induutrlousncss. Heb #:I1
    IncUectlveness,'Eeb 7:18
    Incxcusabla, R o 1:W: 2:l

    a:;:

    %:s:

    447

    Intelllgencc, 1Co X 1 9 : Re I9:18: 17:0 Jade E x P8.PQ4 Ena 28.13


    Intense [love], 1Pe 4:B
    d a h , f i e 1 0 : l ; ' l ~ ; t1J:Z; ~ ~ ' 6 8 : 4148:
    :
    lntensit
    Ac 15:ZB
    I f?n n:Gh rw-t 13:;
    Intent,
    EY 32:12
    ~ o h i t t ai:?, AC B-ZI. 1 s . a ~
    Intentions, '"20 I:?
    Lu:L;
    :61: Hah ~8rn'e.l brokhar or J~OU;] >it Is:=:
    9t'n 11:;. t;n 1:18. Jas i - 1 . Jnae 1
    422
    tniently. Heb I?:?: l
    a a:?%
    Jnnior ~ m o h of ~ l p h r r e u r l ' i t ttfi:3;
    Interbreeb, LB18:IIJ
    5 ;d: .\?r 3:XH. l;.kn. ku 24:111:
    Intercessions. tTt 2:1

    171 I,

    Israel s p ~ r l t u n l Gn fi:l5: Heb 8:lO:


    P a 1!:71 Isa 4+:3:
    5:"
    110 7:P
    lrrael [state of], XpI1 !?:I2
    lsaachar [tribe o f ] Ge S(I:18: 48:16;
    J o s 19:1?; Eze 4h:15; l i e 7::
    Jacob, Reb 113: kc 7:8; Ct8 56:28:
    49:i: Ps 1 S : I i : RO 0:U

    450

    BIBtE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    451

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    1: Llr 9:::
    34!11l. 3oh 19:25
    Mary [ m o t h e r o f Jamoa t h e L'other"
    Mar;]
    nrt 21 51;: 31; 1 5 : d ~ ; 16:l;
    T.H . , c ( ~ I )J: n t P ! I : Z ~
    Mnry [ o f R o m e ] . R o 1 6 : B
    Mary [s~s:er o f Lazarus, Martha],
    I A I 1 @ t : i 1 l.I011 11:T: 1 2 3
    M n s m c r e , J*r .10:21 2T
    M e s t a r [earthlyJ. .\it 6:24; 18:21: G e
    .I.!,, t ~ x
    2 1 4 . 2% 921. Ism ,242
    iVaatfk [ ~ e h o v i h j ;No 14:4;~oh20:28
    Master [Josus]. S l t :5:23: Jah 20:18:
    I.. !,.
    .I, n
    ~
    .... , #..,I
    ~
    ...-. 9 *
    M n t c r l a l [paasesstons]. EE 5'19- 6.9
    M a t ~ t s o t h ( S e e also ~ n f e r h e h k d

    'P

    rfike*), T.:zr! 1'.:21. ftn.


    M a t t h e w , f i t - 3 1 % . Lu 6:16; A c 1213
    M n t u r c (See afso Adufts), Php 3:15:
    f t r u h 5.1d Pi.1

    M C A[litd;alj;
    ~

    At 2:46; 1Sa 80:ZQ


    M m n l n g , Slr 7:11: 8:Ll: Lu 8:fO
    M w n s [ a t tnalntenanee Qr rjrel, 1Jb
    - , L G * 1'9 4!4.flV

    f:!,lo4 73;1:-

    Meam~rrerflgu;8t1\;s];
    2t781

    lU*13 vp11 4.7

    3lt

    .a:

    28:$8:

    M e a ~ u r l n a[Ilne], p8 l P : 4 ' 2Kf 21:13;


    I..! Y.<:tan :\:llr:.ler 3 1 : $ 9 : ~ z eW:.?
    M e a t [market], 1Co In:%
    Meddlers, IT1 6'13'ZTh 5'11'Ac 5.38
    M c t l ~ a t e r ,1TI 3 ' : 5 , ' ~ e l8/6:
    ,
    ha 3 : i g ;
    Jloli !l:Li. 12!24
    M e d i t e t s , +p 7 1 : 1 2 : R 3 : R : 148:G: Pr
    I,>:::\: ?4:2: A<! 4:ZG
    '
    Merlluni8 I s p l r l t 2Ph l a 6 : Le 20:G;

    1!1;31: 00 18;.!,1: l & k!8:8; 18a 8:19

    Map, .Tw. 18:4


    M R I * [~1 3 t 1 ) ~ ~ ~,\e1 I0-*G: t6:aR; Cot 4;
    2'1.1 1 I i:
    l1hllY.F4
    Mnrkct [meat]. Ir'o 1O:t.i
    Msrkct-plnce, .kc 1;:17: X I r 6:Ad: Mt
    1 1 1 b . L ?? 7 ; .\c 1Q:IP
    Mnrrlags LhumrnJ, Hvh 19:4: Jlr 10:
    1:I.l 7 : .IAI1:::!7,:*l!
    34 IC'n ?:3R
    Mrbbrjapa [ t o ChrEuk]. 1:; 19.;: X T t

    ~;;;lapl* man4

    PC34:11: l a n 18:25
    M a r t h n , r.11 k n : r ! * ' 7 , 1-I 11.5* 12::
    Marvsloua I d a , P
    H T I :ll: EX 13:ll:
    I n s7<:1:;

    *%:lo; fl!1:5

    Meek,
    nr:!].; r ~ as i : ~ ;11:4: PA
    117,E:
    , 1411.4
    - - ..
    Macknesa [reek, may be CQnca3led
    at Armageddon] Zep 8:8
    M ~ l c h l z c d e k ,l l e h 'B:G: G e 14:1$: Ps
    l l l i : 4 , lrt.11 i ; l , 1;
    Melody.
    1Z:l;:
    iCh 18:9: 88% 2%:
    .11; ,1's T.r:l!1:11:
    144!9: 1 4 3 : 3
    M r m o r l a l [a, slpnl. E x 11:14; 17:14;
    :A:I:: TA 228:24: NU 1 ~ : 4 r h :JOS 4 3
    Memorknl [ o f Gad], ICn 3:li; P s 111:
    , I : 3'1:,1i Ifi?:1::
    IFR ?6:8; H O 14:7
    M e m o r i a l t o m b s , J o h 5:38: 11:31; 12:
    l a ; 1!'.41: YAu 2::55: ?4:2
    Memory (Sce Mind [memory])
    Menstruatisn l:ze 2&:11bm 3e:17; L-e
    :'?.''. l : . : l ! ~ . ' 2 ~L&+tc:1lq
    :
    Mental lattituda. drsoos~tion], Ro
    I l i : 5 ; I'til+ ? : 5 ; 3:15: 1Pe 4:f

    powera]. F6p 4 : i
    M r y t n l s t a t ? ] . I:o 1:XS
    M e n t a l l y I d ~ s o a s c d ] , 1Tl G:4; Eph
    hltctal

    M:ntally
    . 13

    [inclined], P b p 3 2 5 : E V ~

    452

    BIBLE W O R D S INDEXED FOR

    QUICK

    jft

    Mercy [ g l t t a o f ] , Xt 6:f: L u 11:41;


    I c 3 : Z ?:3G. 10::;
    24:l;

    M ~ r r a r ,1C!& lIs:l?: Jna 1:Ba

    M l s c a r r f a $ s Job 8:lG; P n 58:B; BKI


    ~err:ment.'l??r
    Z1:17
    .> 19, 21 do 3:14
    Messenger [angelic]. BIal 3:I; Job ~ l s c ~ i e fl '. r' 1 2 : X : 11:22: lFIn f8:9
    Mislortuna Xu '33:21;38IO:16iOb 12
    33.23: Eze 3039
    ! ~ ~; : :I f : I c O 16:
    M ~ s s e n g e r s[hurnanl, J m 6:17: Jas MF,lead, h ~ l . Z ~Joh
    C;a 6 1 1J(, 1 . 8 - Rd 12.9
    2; .15a 1 5 : I O . S a Sa1:8?:Pr16:14
    ~is=lles,
    6:llii ic'h 82:;; 28:10a
    Meesiah, Da Y : l 5 ; 30h 1:41; 4:25
    Mezlrzah [doorpost], Eze 45:18, fh.;
    l e 4 17 doh ?(4.?fi;
    $ ? : I + : Jno a:$
    r.-.
    c Y. ln.7.
    t -> -c.9
    ~.- ~ i s s l o n a r [ e s ,E p t ~4 3 1 : 2TJ 4:G; Ac
    -L.X
    Michael, Re 12::; Da 1O:2f; l$:I;
    ~ i r i I&
    t

    n.26

    YY

    .. .

    BIBLE WQRPS INDEXED FOR QUICK

    INFORMATION

    M e ~ k a n d l $ eJah 2 9 6
    Merchants, he l8:3; I X I lO:Z8; Tea
    1a:LI
    2 3 . 2 , Eze 2 i : t l : M t la:4S
    Mlnistsr COT a new aovanant], BGo
    M e r c l e s [ o f Jehcvrh] ZSa24b14m
    Ps 3:R: E R S~: I m 1Co 8.6
    25:6:79.b : 1 1 ! ~ : 1 5 6 ; 1 ~ ~ 6 4 : i ; 2i1:8
    ~0
    MLlI.8,\tr
    [ o f khr[at]; IT1 1;6; BCo
    M e r c i f u l [by God], Lh 3 1 5 ; Ps 109:
    8 De 4:31-Ke 9:31
    ~ ; n * i & r a t dad] 1 0 0.111:
    ~
    2Co B:4:
    ~ e r s i f u l[ b i humans], MC 5:7; Lu
    Pa l u 3 : L ; Ian 8 1 : ~ ;
    ::h
    lfl''J.7
    M i n l l r t e r t a men], Ue :I:l- Nu
    M;FC/~UT [qualities], Am l:ir
    lCh 6:5!!, lli:4, $7; 3nt 2b::~
    M e r c y [from God], De l3:17; Xe 9: Min_~~t:ter [woman as], Ilo IC:l;
    I!.. 31t 5 . i : L u 1:3,: Ro 9:16; 1 1 3 1
    Mercy [from men , ZCh 369: 3ft 3 :
    13: Ps ,I(l3:l3;
    23:tl; Ra 1 2 3

    uG>

    N i g h t [ ~ l t e r a l j ,Cie
    ~ 1:5; $5 104:20;
    I.:x I R : : I : J u R 8 : P : M t 2:34;Joh 3:2
    N i l e [rlucr]. Ge 4l.1, E x 1:32* 2 T U
    1!4:241: I R R 23:~. j E r * 4 6 : ~ .EZ; 2813
    Ni_rrirod, G o lo:d, 4; fCR '1:10: 31ic

    L .G

    Am 7:14
    D e 1:39; 12:89; W
    Ira x . 4
    Noah. I l e h 1l:'f; Oe 6:ZO; 8:9; 9 5 ;
    J11 24 37- P e 2:s
    Noals. Lit 'lr+.i~:
    AC 1i:11: 1Ca Ira8
    N o n e x i s t u n t . Is8 41:24, 12' - N o t o r i o i ~ s .Pa 14I:4
    N o u r ~ s n r n e n tAc 3.19
    N u l l l f l e d [~e;lptur; centbot be], Joh

    Nlppsr [of figs


    No [other

    .I;.

    lHl3

    13

    .-b!b,:i,

    l'l>l,>:Is

    453

    Ndghhor Ex U : 4 : Mr la:$?. Pi-2710; 31t8fi:4.?; Lu 10:29- 60 13:16


    ~ e wc o v a n a n t l , Reh P ; ~ G ; jer 31:
    31; \.ti t : : : ~ ;ICD 11:25- P C O 3:s
    N:y,
    e a r t h ] , 2Fe 8:18; 1sak5:l'i:66:
    . M , ! , t ~ :,:I
    Nlghf [ R g u ~ a f i v e I , Job 0:Q' 1~:10;
    ],-I\ (i:::I:-lto17'12:1T11 5:2*9?b 21:25

    Motlonlsmm, JL>B
    113.19: a x 16:lE
    M o t l v n [pursj
    1:3$; Ro 4 : i l ;
    " . 1 1 ~ t n . :I I! n:s:. tln,
    ~ b i n t m ~ ynl g u r a t ! r s j . ~ e 12:tt:
    b
    I
    4
    : I 2 : 2
    I
    1
    ~ o u n t n l n '~ l t e r n ~ ] , ' ~ x ' r hI ~: H~' . I;B :
    1 : 21'11 !:I: 1% 118.l:G: I H R d0:1?
    Mo~rrnlng L:rr ?7:'11: LIP R I * K *Kc 7 2 ;
    1m1~1:q1:2fl; . l ~ !<l:l?.*
    r
    &la i:iit
    M o t l t h [ a b l n ] I - ~ l hIn
    Mtrrclar tltsrni] I h > n - l f f n Nu 8 6 ~ 1 8 ;
    311 -.:At,j 1 . t . >:I:,.I&3 1 : ~
    hIulur+r
    [;pirbtuallyj, hIt 1G:lP: lJo
    :I 1..
    Mtrrrrrurlnp Fli 2.14, Fx 10:;;
    NU
    3 i 2;: 3*,/1 n
    i c b ibl:~a
    Mtrarc [atrlng. i n d t r t r m s n t a ~ ] ,
    71:
    6,
    I 4 C 14
    ~ u k l n p 1% 164:51
    ~ v a t a c h c .I d a 11:45: 3% 19:81: Use
    ? 4 : l f A1ic 3::
    '
    ~ u a t e r b d .IK
    , 2n!16: 11C! ZQ:!??
    Mute. In11 G3:7: 1Szn 3:?t1' $4,:37
    Muttorlrrg, .Jnlr ? ; : I : t ' i . . I ; BS:tP;

    M~rzzla,l f ' ~ 2:16; Dn ?li:4: 1Ca

    INFORMATION

    .ki.bi;

    GO^]:

    a:@:

    M y r l d a Tfnh 12-2$- Ra b-11. Jude 14


    M ntavy' [of ~ n i ~ a d a n s a a ' fa111
    l,
    2:;:
    :1;a<v
    YL,, I , :L
    N u p t ~ a [chamber1
    l
    Pa 1:6. JOB2:lfl
    Nursing, Cle 1 4 : 5 3 ; h l r 2:7; ' 2 ~ 1172;
    1
    Tun 4n:za: 1Th 2:7

    LUB

    Namn
    t o Q o d l alk cl.!lm,Tub 1 7 L 0 u
    I I N UI,I
    ;I : ~nt::=i~;'nib zn:io; AC 2 h i
    Ntnin ( I ~ l O t t e do u t ] I'M JOD:18; Da

    ,~l:zn,

    r1:l.i:

    z r i ~r.~',a;. Rn,n:n

    ,'b:if

    N n n i a i o f Yemiral 1'11 P
    1leb I!
    4.
    2 1 : H n 1,
    1:d;
    8:17
    ~ n b h t s l l [trl(ls
    l
    013 Ra 7:V G+ 56:8:

    hll 1:I:I' JOH I ! ) . $ ? : PP h : 2 f


    N n 1 . 1 . a ~[ ' m t a l ,A11 7:13, Ii
    Nnl1on.l
    ? o r o d p e l lxlr 474:ts Fm 7:?
    N n t l o n s [nntity r c h ] , llr 7.8. CIa $ 7
    I,, 1,"
    L::!!:
    Y W L ,,:I:!; $ ~ i k .,:;-Nntlona I n o n - l n r a s l l t s a ] M t 10:6'
    I;,, 11 :Y.. 3:"::
    A(, I h:rs: ~ s :
    N a t l v a E X 12:1:1, T,@ 16:?0: Nu 0.14;
    .low A::+:!,
    Fls" $7:": l,u 4 :?A
    WntlrraI, 3
    1 :i 3: R l > h ? , 3 ; 31'r a : f 2
    N n t l r r n l 11fe[ w h e a l of], J n n 3.1;
    N a t l r r n l flrss nf t h e I e m e l s j , Ra1:Bi

    Naz1rIt.o.
    .. ,

    J R 13

    5 ; 16:17,

    ~ ~ i i ~ l t a r hKa
    l p .6:4

    ~t:n~dJ~lovndnessof].
    1 6 : 2 a ; IT1 3 2 :

    I T i 8:0, 15: Ac

    Tit 1:8

    La 4:7: Am

    N o c o s s l t y \It 16.7. LH 2Ea%9:h 8:


    I r k . l < ' 0 1 1 ' 9 ~ : 1 ~ k 8:7:
    i
    H n h 7:18
    Nsulactod, Ptab 2 9 : IT1 4:14

    ~ l

    l * a I 1 6' Ac 7:51
    O c c a s i o n [lor e t u m b l i n p Ro 1490
    Occupation, Ec j:r3; P:saf 3:10; 4:s;
    5 3 . L ?F
    Ocean 1 rirneval F a 36:G
    Odor, d o 2 1 4 ; bhp 1:18: Ge 8 3 1 ;
    r.:vh 5.0
    O f f a l Ifin 6-26
    0 7 e i d ~ e 31:29.
    '
    4:25. 1Ki 1633;
    ri-1 h , s . Jer 7 4 8 ; 25:+
    06endcr. Jns 2 : 1 0

    454

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION


    455
    Joh 11:47; h e fS:8: Php 8:s
    Phenomenon, n x 8:3
    Philly) [the a p o s t l e ~ l J f t 10:s; Job
    14:X' Ac 1:13
    ~ h l l i p ' [ t h nmissionary], Ac 6 5 ; 8 5 ;
    0 1 ."

    HBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    7:W: Am B : t a : Reb 1 0 5

    O v e r p o w s r , J a l l 15' 12:El
    5Sa lIi:2%;Pa O v o r s ~ a r e ~ h r i s t l b n l Ac Lbp28+
    P h p 1:l; I$! 3 : Z ; ;!'it '1::; IPe- i:d
    ;:a.
    If:m
    D v e r a c e r s [ H e b r t w j , la^ Blr:I;: .Va
    OWioc c:L 4 1 2 3 t u I:%
    11fflci;le [court]; G e 37:36; 1Sa 8:15;
    11.9. G C 4 1 ' 3 4 ; J P 29:24
    ~
    Overnslght [ a u p a r v l r l o n ] , Pa 100:8;
    ZliI ? 6 , 24 12; E s :lo; Ins 39:7
    Nlr Y : X Z b 4'11,' I:%P 44 11
    Offsprtng [Rgurativej, Lu ::3
    3lt
    12 14' 3 : R 3
    Owner [h;abar;d]
    l f x 21:tm ?h
    ZZ:
    21: ?$A ll:Zh, ~ O PI : h 4 h 2:1
    0 i i - f i g u ~ a t ~ v e l ,Ps G : 7 : Jaa 61:3:
    O w n e r [property], 1TI 0 : l : Js I!+:22:
    Ps 23:5;1I: 2;;:I;Reb l:%;Jas5:ld
    Offerinas

    ilg:1*8-

    aplrrtual

    O i l [frteral], 1Sa 16:13; Zs 27:ZO;


    3s
    n- n:v PS L M : ~ S
    Older 'men felciers] 1Pe 5:6 Jm 6:
    )4:23. 15::;l'Pl
    5:17f TI^ 1 : 5
    t4.
    O l d e r men [of influence]. h l t 26:47;
    -1a;:al. . ~ l : wAP
    . ::j. s:lz
    O l d e r A& [ ~l a ria e l l 'EX336. I T : : .
    xu 11:~:: ~ ~ e ~lfSsl 4:3;
    : ~ 2 : L 5:;
    O l ~ v e[ffgwrativel. Ro 11:24: JP 9%:
    t's 5 2 . 6 ' 12S:3; Z e c 4 : l t ; Re 11:I
    Olive [ l i t i r a l ] , Ga 8 11- De 28::O- E x
    2; 31; Le 34 2 , l k i i 6:23; S e d i 5
    O l ~ v c s[mount af], Zec 14:4; >it 81:
    I : llir 1 3 . 3 : L t r 2?:39: Joh 8:L
    d n l e g a R e l:?. 21.6. 22.13
    omens' F P 30:f7;2 1 ~ ;2 1 5 ; Ga 4 4 5 :
    p e lI1:10
    One God M d %:I@.
    Mr 10:lB. Joh
    b : 4 l J& 3:WJ; 1cd 8:+; G a i : 2 I l
    0;: Jehovah, De 6:4; Zec 14:9; Mr
    O p e r a t i o n [a workinfl], Eph 1:19;
    cob 1:29; 2.12; 1CO 12:1i; P l ~ pR:21
    O u ~ n ~ o n1Co
    .
    i:26. 40: Jvh1 11:.56
    O p p o n e n t s Php 14.'28
    O p p a r t u n e R [ t l r n e l Eph 6:16-Pol 4:5
    oppos~r:!
    ,,.
    LU 13:i~: LI:IS;
    1'co i6:5;

    . -

    1 L I J.13

    Opposition BTh 1:4; 1Ti 1:10: Ge 6:


    1;.
    Co; d:14: Tit 2:8
    Oppressed, Ec 4 1: Job 35:9: Tsa 33:
    1
    :
    552:4: f e r X : 3 3
    O p p r e s s ~ o n s[ m a n of], Pr 29~13

    Jl'r 2.11
    IGoa's], 1 *r 4 :51:Jt.r 31 .3::
    Pain [from aM6ttlon~J1 T i fl:10; Ro
    S:22: 2t-h t;,2%; l>s J!~:I*: fm 25x14
    Pain [from teir], ltu :'1:4: r i a 3:17:
    P a 16:4- PI. !ru:B?t I r a 14::i
    P a i n lo? 'the Ibcart], !'r )*:I3
    Psrns B b i r t h l , I-!I 13:s: 21:s: I:e 9 3 6
    1 4 2 1:3. I1Tl ?. ? I ; Tlt 2'P;

    Ownershrp

    3 :b
    Ordain I f o ?:IT, 1 C h 9:22: 1Co 9:14
    Order (see also btsarder), ICO l l : 3 t Partlallty I b y Oodl, AC 10:84; Ra E:
    1 1 ; ,Jol>8 4 . 1 9
    Ordera [ b y apostles], LTh 4311: 1Tr
    li 13, 3 7 1C-o IG 1 : T i r 1:s; Phm E P a r t l b l i t y [by man], Do 1 : l f ; Pr 94:
    -3: I-? 1:*:1fi; 1=r n:21
    O r d e r s b y rulers], Ezra 6 : U : D a 3:
    P a r t ( - c o l o r e d ZCC6 : " F
    v4
    x . 9 ~
    ~;dkr;'~[fGm
    Christ1 3ft 10:s: AO Partners r+h 1 v . I:;, s : ~ :PR 110:
    6 3 , pr ?8:14; LZC '4:ln; IRR l4:l t
    1:4: Lu 4:36: 8 2 9 ; kc l0:42
    i p , 1:8, tCo 6 : 1 4 ; 1x0
    O r d e r l i [ d l God] PA 119:4 104, 168 P ~ r ~ ~ c r s t r1Co
    1.J. I
    Ordinary, Ac 4:i3: l C h 1 4 h . 58. 24
    Organlam, 1% 213: -Mic 3::;
    Pr Passion 1Co 7 9 : 31t 5 2 8 : Ro 7 5 :
    6 11; 11~12';14:30
    Cin t:44: Re 1 4 : 8 ; 11:3
    O r g a n l r i n g [a slaughter], Em 2l:ln; P a s s i o n a t h y Iovhnp], CR 2:8; R w
    T'T <,-q
    ."
    1&:33; 29:s; !la 2:,,
    0 r : e n t a l s (See afro Eaetcrners), Passover F'x 1t':ll. Llc 1I:l' ZCh 36.
    EZP25.4 10. Wi 4 3 0 : Job 1:3
    18: EZ; 13.18;
    ?:la: hi*x1:28
    ~rgalnalii;.
    ~ d h
    T:lZ: 11:lO: 18:31: Passover [Christ a l l . ICA 5:7
    1,ir~ d : l - 8 . K e rz:g; 2o:a Patience. das L . 7 S 10: Wab 8:ZB.
    Cirphans,'~& I:=; L i i 5:3
    L . i . P r 25 1;: ?$I? IS
    Outspokenness, M r 8:52: Ac 4 5 8
    Patient, Ec 7 : 8 ; >rt la:?& 29: W e 8 9
    O u t w ~ t t e d , Nr 2 : l S
    P a t t e r n ILeb 8:s: Ac , .44: hr 2 5 9 ;
    Ovens. E x 5 9 : L e 7:9; N e 3:ll
    zIcr <@:lo; Uze 2&:12; Ro 8:YB
    Overhasty, Iea 52:4

    ~.h

    -..

    JOG

    P h 1 l o ~ 6 p h B r dAa
    .
    1i:IS
    Pfi~lotophy,C o l 2:s

    P h y r l c a l 1Co 2.14

    16.14. Ro 15:27

    i:f$:i~

    ~ h ~ s ~ c l a ;hit
    l.,
    -i:23; C& 59:
    " f*11, 13:4+ R l s 5:26. Cn1 4:14

    ~17;tb

    P a i n s [chlldinirth, f l g u ~ a t l ~ d y ]1, ~ 4
    -, k:l : t . : ~ 4:27: Jwi 2!l:.%;.ier V l : d ! i
    P a i n s [la,borJ, Jer r;:?l: :I:::
    SV:4J
    Painstaking f e f f o r t l , ?I1&.1:fi
    P a l a t e , I'r 2.1:18; 3rd~3 4 , 8 ; I'm H9:
    103; 13i:B, 1 3 ,;:It: L:r 4 : 4
    P a m p s r l n g P r :!l.OI
    P a n g s [ b f b h l l d b G h ~ .fie $:IS: ~ B
    4:1:!;
    I'M 4*:4i; 1 ~ 1 1$617: Jar 1 3 2 1
    P a n g s o f dlatrsasl, 3Ct 24.8;hc 2 :
    24: 1411 5 : 3
    P a n i c Tlo *11,3- 2Sfi 4 : 4 ; Job I n : a 3 ;
    P4 4 8 " ~ $bdn?.
    .
    Irrr~ 62:18
    ~ a d y r u ; 'EX 1:S: oh ~ : 1 1 ; 3
    n
    . 111::
    ~ a r a d i a dLu 23143. ?I-'o 62:4; OR 31
    ? T~II. ; ' r m 4 : l n : I\A P:7
    ~ i i a l ~ r eA IdL r : ' ! < l ;!h:?. 1-U 6124
    Parched, frn 1!?:5; m:1.6
    Parchnimnts 2T1 4-13
    Pardon [ f r o h i Gad ' Oe 111:?4i E x 2 8 :
    01; 3 4 : 7 ; J I , ~ ; ; 2 i - I d a 2.P
    P a r e n t s MY 1 s : ~ :Ztl 8 : ~ : 'Joh
    ;
    9:2;
    Iio 1::{0; .'C0 1214, 27'1 8:8
    Park Fc 2 : s ' Ne 2 . 8 ' Cln 3:N !tn,
    ~a-rt.;kirs, ~ i s h3 : i : 'G;.!: 12:k. I-:plr

    P a n r l t y 1'1. 22:s; 2:1


    ~ e n t c c d s \ .A,: 2.1: ?n:lo: I C

    r~ontl;al. > ~zi!$:


    t

    l t r 15:11:

    3 ~ 1 ,1>:?7' Ar 5:l'i; 13:28; 1Ti 6:13


    Plonsar. L< i:iti
    P i t [tlguratovrrlyl', Mt 1t:ll: Job 38:
    j'4
    '1 13.
    PF 2 6 2 7 ' Isa 3%:17
    ~ l40t:ll
    t y "(,;:e1h?lq46
    43:11: IICI 8 5 0 ;
    1:11; p a

    he

    Plagues, c;e 12:IT: Ex f2:55; De 24:


    h . , l r , r ? . ! ' 5 : P.q 9f:lO: Re 9:2Q
    ~ d r t h t ~ o[ lnu l l grownJ, LU 8:tl;
    P l a n [dealgn], E x EB:50: l I C l 6:38;
    .III~J
    ?:22
    24.'h 4 : 7 . l'r 1 P : X
    Psrrormnnss Joh A::t8
    :I
    L[~olstrnou81,
    r i 3 5 , Am t;:IZD e 29:18: Pa 69:
    Parlumad
    M t Fa:;: L U 7:48; ::P
    Jrrlt 11 3: Iln l 8 : I X
    Porkah, A r X::O;
    E11~h$:Ill; Pm %:12; P l a y , P.9 1(\.1:26: Jrlh 40:80' 41:s
    Pl:a$,
    1:o S:",
    11:2; J e r ak:25; Heb
    141i:4- lr'
    l4):O'
    Il:c 7 : l L
    ~ a r p o t h a l l y , i.ld 10:18, 14: Am I:11
    P s r p a t r ~ f t y Tdc
    ,
    : B : Y 3 , 30
    P n s p l o x l t y , Ath :,I:
    10:17: Lu P:7;
    :Jlr.r
    2(*0 4:s: 91,' 4 : ~ n
    ~ a r . n o d ~ ~ t nhit
    d ~ k v l 0 Joli R ' l 6 . Jer
    17 I A . A ~ ' I A : S O "'in$ 1 6 : ~ r r : ' n r h1:i
    ~ o r d a v i r ~ n('nl'4'.4,
    g
    Rn I 2 : J Z
    Porbsistant
    1;lR
    Pel-ron I o / - ~ o d 1 lab 9 : 2 l ; Ac a:lD;
    la:!, ' # 3 I i
    24
    Peraon rado~.st, of tha haartJ, 1Fn

    [dl].

    h11

    ,111,k

    :I 1

    P e r s o n a l l t l o a [ a d m l r l n p for awn
    tlenant
    .111de l O
    Pcl.aonml?i [ o l d rind n l w l , Ro B:B:
    ,<:,,I,
    <+,I\
    ;3.3, 10
    P e r s o n a l l y tan ts Qod], Jw 2ii:lI
    Pureon*, l o t advanced nuel, I ? c 4:I;
    5..8. ,!11. l l . l F m1Io I
    ~ o r r i r a ~ o n r' i, r 1k:13: 2R:?2
    Poruuaslve [words, nrpumontl], lC0
    2 t I ' i l l ?:4
    ~ e r n ~ s n l v r n a s sPr
    . 1B:21. ZS
    P s r v s r r a n t t s . Pr 2 : l l : De 32:?6: Pt
    I : : F ~;Il:?l,
    :
    23:33
    P e r v e r t , K T 73.6: 1 8 8:s:
    ~
    27:lR:
    3 ' ~ 79 B , 111 77.1:: trll !*:dl: SR 1:i
    Pentarad. Jlr 1++:18

    4:d:

    pkia:;
    Job 9:80
    ~ o t c n t i t e[desur as], IT1 6 9 6
    Po?er. l l t 1n.tF: Joh 1:4?: AC 2:RS. potter, KO 9:Zl; FE a:9; Iea 89:18;
    #:I c: JPFI<:-'; La 4::
    i8,.15* J n l ~21 16; Cn 2 : :
    ~ s > l t l o ~ aFinh
    , 6 5 , 13% I :IT: En 6:B: P o v e r t y , Pr m : 8 ; 6 : l l ; i3:18: '24:34:
    "".I
    R 2 : KP 2:n
    z:+,
    rht c.7. 13:,h~r 16:6
    Phnrnoh, Iln 8 : 1 , . h r S . l n : Cfe 12:fS; Powder, Ex 3 : 3 6 : 2Ch 34:1; ZJa 173;
    '
    .
    :
    n
    l
    4.l
    E x 15:TB, Ps t 3 6 . 3 : lrrn W : l I
    Phnrlasas, Slt ? : I ; 23:?; Lu f1:63:
    P a ~ t r r c n o l . Llr ?1:1I; Le PB:?S:
    2 r . 2 1 : Pr 91.8. .T@r27:8; Rae B:I?

    456

    P u b l l c r s e r v i c 4 , 2Co 9:12; Phg 8:


    17: Lu 1:23
    P u b l i c p square^ FT 1:20; Tsa 15:am
    Es 416 Jer 5
    La 1 .IS; EZB16:21
    ~ u b l l c i + : n g , Phg 1:18; Col 1:28
    Publicly, Joh 7 3 3 ; 1 1 5 4 ; 18:20; Ac
    20:20 Co1 2 5 6
    ~ u b l i s d c d[ t h e word], A c 15:aB; 13:
    5 ' 17.3 P h p L:16
    1Cc 4,O: 6:2; 8:l: 13:4
    P u k e Jsr 25 -27
    ~ u l v d r l z e .ZCh 16:16: 2% 22:43: Mic

    23:Z; De 3 1 3 ; J o s 6 : 4 ; 1Ki 8:11


    P r l m e o f life, Kc 11:lO
    P r i m e v a l [ocean] Fs 16:6
    P r i n c e God as] 'DB 8.11 25
    P r i z e {Jesus asj. Isa 9 j 6 ; ' ~ a
    10:21;

    :?:

    1.4:1

    P r i n c e s [ o f Israel], Jos 5:14; Na 16:


    13- 1 C h Z2:lT. 2Ch 30.24' Isa 1:23
    ~ r i n ' e c s [of ntrh world], h a 32:l:
    P o w e r of c o n t r o l Ec 8:4
    P s 45:16' P r 8:16
    P o w e r s perceptfvej H e b 6:14
    P r l n e e s [gpirlt], Da, 10:13, 20, 5
    Principles Heh 1:s; 5112
    PractlcaF I w a 3 L U ' I ~ . ~
    P r a c t i c a l w i s i o r ~ Job i.Z:le; Pr 18: P r l n t ~ o 1 ; 20 25
    ap
    n;
    [ f o r demansl, Re 205'; 1 P e
    1. 2,7; 8 : 2 I : 8:ld
    P r a c t r c e [sln] 1Ti 6:20; Hab 10:26:
    I ) 17
    Ito 2 2 ; 130
    P r i s o n [ f o r humans]. Mt 26:38: Ge
    P r a e t o r i a n [guard], P h 1:la
    89 20; E c 4:14: M t 5%; Ac 8 : 3
    Praise [ t o God] Lu 18*4?. Ro 15.11. P r ~ s o n e r TvIt B7:14. Ac 16:ZZ; 28:lT;
    P s ll!l:lEL. lia 38:lb. k e b 19:lh
    Eph 3.'1 21'1 1:i
    P r a ~ e e[to m'en], Q e 49:'~; 1 P e 2:14; P r i v a t e iikt 6:6; Php 8 3 6 , SO; Lu
    1 2 . 3 ; ips 1 9 0
    Pr 27:Z; :1:30. Ro 2:ZB 13:s
    P y y , Lu 1 l m I2kh
    ;
    7:14; +e 32:6; Ser P r ~ v a t e l y ,Mt 17:19: 24:s
    1 . 1 6 . D a 6 . 1 0 . nrr 11:24. 1Th 6:17 P r i v a t e release 2Pa 1:%0
    priye;, $11- ii:~?;
    PS 6 5 : ~ :ZICL 20:5; P r l v a t e r D e 2d:11
    ~ r l v i ~ e gPd I I 1:29
    ~
    P r 15:2Y. Lu 6 . 1 2 E y h 6:18
    P r ~ v y ,L); 3:29. E z r 8:11- D a 2 . 6
    P r e a c h ~ $ 14 2 Mt' 1 0 : 7 . Ro 18:14
    ~ r e a c h h d , Mt i4:14: I C ~9 : Z i ; 1 T I P r i z e PIkg 3 : 1 i v Col a:1ib 1Co 9 2 4
    proce'dure [legail, Le 6 : l d ; 9:16; N u
    3:16 i P e 3:19
    p r e a c h e r I T i 2 3 . ZPe .2:6
    Y:? 15'21' 39$.
    p r o c i a l m : ~ 'l:i0,5:20;;:36;~u
    r
    8:39
    ~ r s a ~ h ! n &Mt
    , 3 : l i 4 : 1 7 ; 9 : 3 5 ; ~ & Z:2
    Predrctlons. 1 T I 1:lS. 4:14: Ac 16:16 P r o d u c t l o n u P e 301:24
    P r e f e c t D x 2:4S. 3 1 . 6:;
    P r t l d u c t ~ v eland, Pz 21:l; Pr 8 : 3 1 ;
    ~ r e g n a h t ,Lu 1 2 4 ; c;k 4 : l ; E c 113;
    Ps 9.S; 96,:10; 9 8 : ( ; Jsa 2 7 5
    1So 1:20; ZSa 11:5; Isa 8:3
    P r o f a n e , IT1 1:9; Le 18:21; 2l:6; Nu
    P r e j u d g m e n t IT1 5:2l
    1S:32; Iaa 47.6;Eze 23:39
    Premature [ d i r t h ] , E c 6 3 ; iCo 16:8 Professronal [ f o r e t e l l e r s
    Le 20:6;
    Preoccupying, E c 5:20
    13 3;;Ue- 18.11;lHa 28*5:$Ki 2l:G
    P r e s c r ~ b e d ,J e r : : 2 4
    ProRciency, E c 2:21; 4.4
    P r e s c r l p t l o n Ezr 6:18
    P r o r l t , B c 1,3; 5:s; I C o 13:3: 2Pe
    Presence [ d h r l s t ' s ~ 'rlt 24:3: 1 T h
    2 : 1 ~4:15: Jas 31 0 2Pe 1:16
    P r e s e r v e [allve], Ps 41:Z; Eze 18:27;
    l<x 1:17:Ue 20 IG:ZKL7,4:Jer48:11
    ~ r e s e r v e ihjehavah as], 1 6 3 2.6
    Heh 12:10P r o s ~ d e , l l i 8:s; R o 12 8: 4 u 8:CL; P r o f i t s [make1 Ja4 4 ' 1 3
    P r o g e n y , A c 1,!28:ne j.13:~ob18:ls
    AL 13:s 1 T i 5:17
    P r e s s u r e cbrought upon], Job 8?:18: P r o m i s e d [land], D e 6:s: 9:28: 19:8:
    Ps G G : l l ; 3Co 1:s
    Jns 2;:s; N e 0,23
    P r e s u m p t u o u s [ o n e s ] PB 19:13. P r P r o m i s e s [from God 2Pe 8 18: 1IC1
    21:21. PS X E : ~ P 114:21. ~ s a
    i3:il
    8 5 6 : -4c 2 : 3 9 ; ?o d % 0 . 21: Ga 3:29
    ~ r e s u m ~ t u o u s n e [title]:
    &
    Jer 6O;al; P r o m u l g a t e d , l,Tr 1:9;Un 2:5 8
    Eze 7,lO
    P r o n o u n c e [guilty Ex 3 2 : 9 ; ' ~ e2 5 :
    I : PP94:21, R lg!2
    P r e t e n s e Ga 2.13' Php 1:IS: Pr 13:1
    Pretext. b a 6.h 5
    P r o n o u n c e [not guilty, wicked], De
    Z 5 : l 7 s 3 7 : 3 3 h a 6@:8
    p r o n o k n c e m e n t ' [ o f w a r n l n g l , PIC1
    9:25; Isa 13:l; 1 4 2 s ; Eze 12:lO
    P r o n o u n c e m e n t s sacred
    Ro 3 : Z ;
    Ac 7:XS.Ro I l : 4 : h e b 5:1i:,1Pe 4:11
    P r o o f [ p u t God to], Pe 95.8: 106.14
    Proors, AC 1 3
    P r a p c r t y God's E x 1 3 5 - Ds B:2%
    P r o p e r t y [man's?, Job 3 1 : k ; Qe 1 2 :
    5 : 15:14; A-u 35:3: Jos 14:4: 1Ch
    Z i : 3 1 2Ch 21:14 IZze 38:12
    p r o p h e b y [ p o s t - c t ; r l s t l a n ] , Ro 12:6;
    2Fe 1 2 0 ; Re 1 5 : 2 2 : i

    457

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    A:$

    Qualiftcations
    Qyalified, eTi

    [s i r i t u a l ] Ga

    a:$

    2Co

    a:k;

    6:1
    2:16; 1Ti

    d :L

    Q u a l i t i e s m e r c i f u l ] Am 1:ll
    Q u a l i t i e s o f, God], k o 1:20; 2:4
    Q u~ ar al i lt iyt y[tested];
    d l v i n e JGo1
    a s 1S:9
    3 ; 1Pe 1:7

    Quandary Ac 8 . 2 4
    Quarrel, hr zs:i7; Ge 13:7;Ex 17:T:

    ;:a,

    1. En
    A c X:27
    Q u e s t i o n ~ n g s ,1 T i 6:4; aTt 2 ~ 2 3 ;Ac
    23 2 8 T i t 3:9
    Q~+SS,
    Ec 9 : l l i Job 84:29; B a
    ,,-,

    L 1

    R a b b i a tEtle] Mt 23%
    p r o v i d e r ' [of escape, 'Jehovah a l l , R a b b i [Jesus c k l l s d Joh i : 3 8 ; 3:2;
    4 31; 6:25; Mt 2 6 : d 1
    2Sn 22'2' Ga 22'8
    proving; t b y G O ~ ] De
    ,
    4:34; 7:19; R a c e [contest], 1Co 9 3 4 ; Ec 9:11;
    Heb 1 2 : l
    99.R
    ~ G r a i o n s[food
    Ge 4 2 : 2 5 : Jorr 9: Rachel. Xt 2:18: Ga 29%; 86:18; 48:
    7. Hu 4.11
    .
    5 . 1 S a 22.10. &e 18:lE; Pa 18:25
    ~ r i eto?' God], D e 20:28; 1 s 27:4;
    ~ r d v o c a t i o n '$s 106:82
    P r o v o k e d , d e 9:7, 22; 1Co 19:5: E g h
    4 :ZE

    h i d e n t , 1% 18:14; Ne 9:20; Ps 2S:9


    P s a l m s Lu 10:43; Ac 1 : 2 0 : 1Co 14:
    26: dgh 5 3 9 ; c o t S:16; Jaa 6:ia
    P u b l i c [announcement], Tit 1:s
    P u b l l c d e c l a r a t t o n Heb lO:23; IT1 Rainbow. Ge 9:13: Re 4:s; 1Q:l; Eze
    6:iZ;
    10:10:
    mt 1:ls 6.28
    P u b l l c [reading]. 1Ti 4 3 3 ; Ac 13:15 R a m p a r t Pa 48:13. I88 26.1. Z ~ 9:3
    C
    : 8 6 . Ex
    P u b l i c [servants], Heb L:l; R o 18;6; R a n s o m t i n g e n e r i l l , ~ e i ld
    21:3O;Nu 35:31;Job 36 1 8 ; ~ r 6 , $ 5
    18:10; Heb 8:2

    Lo

    ak s:n;

    453

    BEBLE WORDS lNDEXED FOR QUICK INPORMATION

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATFON

    Rmnrom Jesum a t ] Rn 8:21; 1Ti 8 : RslDQO f u m l r h s d by Gpd P0.14:fl;


    :0;
    1CO \:il*l;
    phi:;; He,, 9:15
    4 G 1;
    T!:?; 9l:22, &h!> b : l 8
    Raneom [man needs], Ps 40:7; Job
    33:2,!
    R%pnerty, Jer G : i : Eze 45:9: H n b
    .,.a*.

    l?:?;

    7 ,

    I .

    "-la

    R ~ D E ZP(~
    ~ , i r ; e : ES

    R a s l ~ n s s a[extreme],

    7:s

    Job 35:15
    Ravaged, r\c 9:21
    Read [the S c r l p t u r e s l , Im 1:16: bft
    2 4::;
    ~u 31 ,ll;lsa 3 4 : l l i . A ~
    18:27

    Rendlna, h~13:lG. 2Co 3:11: N e 8:R:

    1. .\L G d a
    Resret [by God!, Oe a:?: ISn IE:J1:
    :S,i?*l I a l ; l l ' I 1 LP:13;.rorfE 3;49:10
    R s ~ r o tI l l y n l a n l , .lob 4k:rl. Itn, 11:
    1 . : ~ l3:'l;
    R e ~ u l a t l o n r[ b y aodl PH 11B4%a
    Ex
    Lh,2IJ4
    4 : i ; I(:], /tI:i1; 1,; ill:;

    459

    un?oldlno?. Elah 1:11; I:


    18:13
    3; RCr In!&. 1Crl 14:1a
    R~,pmaches [agalnd G o d ] , Ra 16: R e v e l r t l o n r tvirbonsl, 2Co lt:l, 7;
    P s 69:9- ;4:22- R9:5Ip Pr 17.4
    4;a 1.12. 2 2 ;
    1:t
    Re roaches fagainsi man]: Lu 8:2i: Rb_volr,Iuu. ?to 13.13: Qa lb:21: Am 6:
    5-4- Ye ::I;. Pr t8:J; IT1 3.;
    8 , l I I h I : J
    ~eprtid;Atik
    1 ~ a 1:23;
    '
    1Jo 3:1
    Rsvangs, ?Sa 4.RnJcrZ O ~ l ~ ~ P s l l : 1 6
    Reproclf, Pr i:n5: 6 ~ ~ l2l 1;. 1 7 : 1 5 : ~ ; Rsvsrrnee. :TL b.4: i f 1 a:10
    Rsvcrrrrt l ~ :! t 2 5 . A ~
    Z r~'5:2;?2b12
    R o v l l a 1:rl 6 . i 1 ; 'TI'@ 5.:; 2-23'
    Rq:lud
    [the rplrttl. G c 4G:37; faa

    Rav*latlon

    ...

    88

    ,,a

    111

    R a v l v s [ t o I1t41, 9Kt 8:1: PO:?'; I : % ;


    111111

    ~ e h a b l [ l t a t a Imn
    , 4!I,J
    Rehetlrns, Lu 2 I : l 1
    Rslnforcr! Arn 3,j!lj, Nn $:I
    ~ e l e c t e r l ', Hell 1,.1 I h l r ln.lO' Le
    21; 1'1. PRTr:lmB" l ~ ~ t ' l j : . {
    ' ~TL
    : 6:")
    ~ e l o l c r h g , ~c.!o' d:10: Fl? 3:1~1;PH 46:
    l L . 1'1. t9::tI. 1,li l A " l o p 1>k1!> 4 : l O
    R c l a t i o n n l i l p , 'Ptrnr I!!, Cr*ol %,I: Art

    n.4.

    3'. 2 0

    144: ] ? ? , I

    R e n i l n d l n g . 1to 1.1:IS; T l t I : ! :

    aTI

    2 1 1

    Chrlstlrn Ild 1 1 5
    Rcnrnant [Lsbrewl, 2Eo :n:e;
    x c l 13:
    Z,d.:u>
    -1.;:7: 7 v t x i : $ ; Jer :<1:7: , t O : l l
    ~ s m o t s tlmer
    * l i I l!h:?5
    Rtntler
    I::?. .it:*
    1:3: 1Th 5:15
    ~ e n e g k d o .In:, .;+:I:: Jrr R:l?. 14
    Renewed, PUo + : l o ; CuI 3 : l Q
    Renautlcq, "tat :9
    Reninant

    I:(>

    R e p a y , 9% I:I,* 1,ti t.l.1.1. D+ 7.1n. ~ t . ) , ir1:12; 2 ~ : i . i :> ~ h t


    :4: ltn t i : l j
    R e p e n t [Iry m a n ] , Ac 1i:ho; Lu 13:
    ~ s d ; l i r l d a 1Ch 20:13
    .I: .\tr 1;:13; 1,u 10:311: 17:R: r\c 5:13
    ~ c c u p e r a i l o n ,tea 58:s; Jsr 8 3 2 ; 30: Repafitqnea ttowlrrrl d o d j 1,11 8:K;
    17 : :<:\: t i
    6 : ~ tin
    :
    e:.i: x c : ~ .r:iu:'arl
    Rmtlaemed E x 19:13. De 21:8. IRi Report neun
    I m t : Z S m ?:lib 10,1
    i::lrm
    ~ ' K ' Z I : 153.
    ~ ~ i9:22. Jsr'31:ll
    <
    C
    G
    29:j;l
    ~
    T
    ?Jh:l.:TWl
    X
    z:! :k ; , T P ~i$LI : i 3 '
    ~ a d a e ; r r e r , Ps '3n:14; ~ o b 'l5:26; Pr
    Rcpostar,
    Jar
    J1:fll:
    ?Sn 4.10
    :".:I
    1
    Repuse, Isn Ll:l;.lcr 11;.';4;:R:iO:SI
    R e f l e c t i o n Meb l:a
    R e p r ~ a s s n t a t l o n [a figura TIR ++:In:
    Rcrorrnn. Xc 9 : 2
    i ~ t 2s:l.i;
    l
    IIB I B ~ ~ : L U!in
    ;
    4.1:)~
    R c r r a l n , L,
    "ze 3 r B i
    R a f i ~ n c( c l t ~ e sofJ, Xu 36:6: Jos 20: Reprainntatlon [typical]. I i e b &:ti:
    1; iVI1 13357
    2 ,:':

    n:x

    R f ~ p o n d ,P a 1 4 7 5 : NU21:li:
    16:
    -1. 1%
    21:11; 2 0 5 ; Ec 10:1?1
    R e s p o n s i h l t i t G a 6 5 : 13rZ1 E:9
    Rcetoratian &a Kingdom], ;\r 1 5 ;

    :! 21: \fL 1 ; : 1 1
    R e s t o r e d Mr 3 5 .

    R l u h t [legal I3x PL:8; De 18:a; 21;


    1;.
    l('11 2!!1!,
    T.h=? 21-37
    Rlclhtbnua, , I re dam t , .PR87.29; 72:7:
    IUII ,I i 1 I , rtr! f t . l i \ $ : I @
    R l ~ h t s o u s ~ b r a h a h declared t o
    bs Itrb
    .In* 2.21
    ~ l n h k e o u rIdoalarad, b
    faith. the
    nno!;led]!
    J : r b !;:l. E;.&: ICo 5:11;
    I I . . . I I . . t 8 : ~ * r l t 3,;; Jns 2 2 4
    R ~ ~ V ~ U O L~I d
    ; a o i a r ~ d11
    ,1 mptrltj, 1TI

    ,:ha

    R:12; Zu Ib:$;
    3 . 4 % 1!:9,
    11- He\, 13:lP
    ~ib'hceaua [daclnrad on basis a f
    R e a t r a i n 1Pe $!lo; 1;., K:%; NII tl:aR:
    dcsua' hloodl ~tu, h.0
    ].,*a: ' i h : t . s 4 1 ~ : d ~ - Ja::r:zTI
    er
    ~ : 2 4 R!y!rtoou@
    . : I , It,, [dctin~.d.
    1:I-!. :::20.h Gn
    e r 3:11.*
    11~1
    R e s t r a i n t [by fear: legall. tJo 4:18:
    I IS"
    1.q
    ~ 1 ~ 1 1 1 t d o[ u~a o d
    ' d a c ~ w ' e,~RP a : i e . 3 3
    Rlrrhteo~renesa [of G o d l R o 1 : l i ;
    JFJI,
    :IIL::!:IIN
    x:;,I ;R{I ~ n ! a ; r h ~!:P
    Rlghtoousnaaa [of mum 2Sn 2 2 . 2 1 .
    I'r H : l S ; I.F:34' Ran 11114; Mt
    Rlyl~toowanwss sack
    Xoy ? : 5

    ,,

    i:2b

    R l ~ l i t a o ~ ~ a n e asaF1s
    lto 111:3; D%
    !):.I: 1141 G~/:I&:'.I~cIl i : l h
    R t u h t hnnd [ I n s u p p o r t 075, Ps 110:
    r..
    11,.
    12.1n
    ,., ,*.
    Rlaht hand
    l a c s of fsivor Pm 110:
    i : H c l l 1 ? * k t2(l:2'iq25-13-itr
    LkS7
    R i n ~ s .Lu l t 22. 0; i i : 4 2 ; ' ~ u51:SQ;
    I.:,.H : r . IPII 8 h l : JAR 2.a
    R l t r s [ o f m o i r r n i n p ] , Ge 60:lO
    R l v a l r y [God's tolcrntinp n ~ ] ,
    111 iQ
    L.,,.<

    460

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR N I C K INFORMAT1ON

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    461

    Snrnblencs, J'i
    1!P:f:
    Sernrn [cm16$lon of1 Le 18:80' 19:
    seo;:
    if:llli " 2 : l i P
    ; 6:D,20, '28
    8erine uood] Xp11 1:8
    nreanlng
    &It 13:14, 23; 1 5 :
    111; fi t .I;?!: 28:26: Eph E:5
    Btnna I moral], E p h d : 1 8
    G o ~ s w l e s s , ( : . I a:]: Lu 2b:lK: P r 17:
    , , .In ::!; ,lrr 17:11: 1Ti 6 9 : Tit 3:s
    Scnsaa [ c o m e t w ] , Lu 15 17;lKi8:17
    Scnscs \ k e e p
    1Pe 5 8 . 1Th 5 : 6
    Scnsibllrlies jbluntcd),"Ro IT:?'. 26

    A;?

    Senarblcnesg n n 2:14
    S r n s u a l [ple;sure], Jas

    4:l: 5:s: 1TI

    ',.I,: ICzv 21.11' 33:32


    S e n t c y ~ ; ~ + ~ j u d 1 ~ 1 ;Lu
    l 1 t3:24: De
    8;r"ilny 1Cn 11.28
    1:l.E.
    P4 7 : h l ~ a 2:s:
    ,
    21:s
    E r a {rl$urrzlvsj, h a 17:#0: U0:I; Slrlolrfi, IT1 3.b. 11: Tit 2:2; Php 4:
    r . r v v 1 r . 1 2 : is:!; I C : S
    6 . IT1 ?:Z
    Be:? [ b l t e k a l ~ Slt 4:tP: 14.86: de 1: !3srpsnt, GP 5:l: Xu 21:6: Isa 14:19;
    . n : .Il* I
    oh 21:1: AC n : a o
    2,,.:';, 2c'o 11:s; Re 12:9
    Bang [n gunrantoe], R o 4 : l l ; Un 8 3 ; l e r v a n t n lot Jehovah], Iea 48:10*
    I 'En k . 1 r;..loh 3 31;ICo 9-2.?Tl 2:18
    EX 4 : i o ; i r : a ~ :30s 1:s; PS 34:26
    asnl I m tit ern^ ame
    IICI :I:R* fob Servant$ [of men]. Ge 2 4 3 ; 32:4;
    :kunlr. r;r rhmza.
    a:x; ~escr+82:10 3!&:17, 41:10; 4 3 2 3 ; S0:Z
    nsnied ' t w l t h s r r l r i t l . E P I 1:13:
    ~
    1:30:

    .,,

    I;

    Sabbe th [Jahbvah's

    rest perjadJ.

    HCb 479
    Sabbath
    1MO r. Kingdom mabbath]
    12:8 Lu 6:s

    ~ a t r b a t ; [llte_ral 7th da
    Ex 1623:
    ?11:8; NU la:$?: Mt Iri: L U 2 3 5 6
    Sabbath 17th yearJ, Le 2 6 9 , 8; 2 6 3 4

    A;

    :J(',p

    lT22: Ftn 7;3 -

    l o n r c k Itir H:2? tCo $l:tOmP n 44:Zlhrn k : 4 . Juh ' b : 8 9 : 7:66; Ils 2:26

    lsnmanr [due tlms Gn :E!;


    hlr 12:
    2 , 1 ~ 1 L i ! : u I , I ~ "2 0 J ; A c l:,RIT1~
    E:l

    Bsrvlce [cf fehuvahll, Ex 1%:25; It:


    5 : 36.1: 30s 2 2 . 2 i : 1Ch 25;6
    Service [of men] Ge 29:27- Ex 5 :
    8: lEil 12:4: P S ' I O . ~ :E~ ~~; 29:18
    I
    Snrvics [sacred], LU 4:8; Aa 7:7;

    462

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUlCK INFORMATSDbl

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR

    QUICK INFOUMbT10bJ

    463

    Spacious, ~t ?:I3
    Spare Ro 1 1 : 2 1 1Co 7'28. 2Co 1:%8
    ~p:ak'lng
    Cb ~ o d l ,
    '4:33; 3er
    r:13; Ac 7:&
    Spsaklng Injury] 1Pe 414;PB 34:

    13: 5 8 2 : Is.? 5 9 : d

    S p e a k i n g [truth;]. Eph 4 - 1 5 ' Ac 11:


    1!0:,13 4 3 : 14.20. De 3e:ds; i ~ 3:16
    e
    Speclss [loctrst
    \ia 3 3 6 , 16
    IpeoiTlwitions, G i e /;.(f:ll
    Spectacle, ICo 4:9. &-a 3.6
    Speculative [queationln a], 2Ti 238
    Speechless, PJ 35:lB; h x 4:11: ~r
    21,s; 1% 35%; 56:lO; H a b 2:16
    Splrlt [ a c t w e force] Ps 104:30. Jg
    3 10. Y u 11:2.5. 31t112:28-1co"l2:7
    s p i r i t ' t a s t o ~'ehovah], >oh 4 2 4 ;
    ~ h e o l ' [ g a t e aof?, ISR
    38:10
    Sheol Lgravedorn] Job 14:18; Jon 2:
    2; F s 1G:lO; 1 3 9 : i ; K, c 9:lU; An1 9:2
    Shephelah Ue l:7. Jns 112. Jg 1 : B :
    EL11 2;:8\; 2 ~ 1 1Z'S:ld, ~ e c ' ~ : ;
    Shepherd [Jehovah as] P s 23:l; Isa

    4U:ll.P~
    8~~:l:Jer8 1 : l r j : ~ a e34:12
    Shepherd [Jesus aslr Joh l0:ll; Isa
    44:28: Eze 34:23: 37:24: 1Fe 8:4
    Shepherds [bad] Judo 12: Joh 10:
    12. Isa 56.11 Jor 36:34 E z s 34:2
    ~ h e i h e r d s( l ~ t e r a l l , L u 2;s; Ge 46:
    34, E n ?:I;' 1% 17:40. 25:;
    ~ h i d d[flElurailve] Eph i : i 0 ; q s 3 ,
    3 ne 3 3 : 8 9 . ~16~ 4 5 ' b d : g ; ~ r50:a
    ~ h i i o h ,dos j 2 : l ; J R ' I S : ~ ~1C;a
    ; 1:3;
    1Kl 14:2; Pa 78.60, Jer 7:32
    Shipwreck 1Ti 1:19: 2Co f l : 2 6
    ShauTder, ifla B:$: Zep 3 9 ; 1Sa 9 3 :
    PR 41:(1. 18% 14:25 3 2 2 2
    ~ h o w b r e g d ,E x 25:i@; Ku 4:7; 1Sa
    31:6:, 1Ki 7:18 2G3l 4'19
    Showpiece, E z e k : 1 2 ; L; 26:1
    Showy Ldispla I, 1 J o 2:lG
    Sh17ewdnass
    1.4. Jns q.4:

    12 E:lb

    '1~:s;
    i2':3;

    27h2

    Pr 8 :

    ~huhder
    h o r r o r $ Enc 27:35;32:IO+
    S ~ c k[splrrtually]
    a4 5.11: 1Co 11.
    80; Pr 'r.3:12;1s; 1:5

    Sickness, Joh 11:4 De 38:LB


    1III
    l i : l 7 . TRG -53 2 J L ~5:7: L u 6:l
    81ckne;s [physie'all alllng], hIt 2 5 :
    3 6 . n o 7.15. blr
    6ieg'e rampar't, 25a ?r?:16: Isa 17:38;
    Ser 33324: Eze 56:s
    Slgn [ a mark], Ro 4:ll: a e 4:1L4
    Ex 31:17,; De 618; Isa I 9 : 2 0 ; 55:1$

    8:s

    Sign [ a n ~ n d i e a t ~ o nY
    l , t 2 4 3 , 21<1
    20:8; I B 7 ~
    : i l ; M t 2 4 3 0 : L u 11:29

    464

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUlCK INFORMATION

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATION

    a m 9 7 , AC 4 3 1 - Ro 10:lmHeb 5:1

    Sprout [Jeaus as], Tsa 11:1: Jer 23:


    5 - 33:18' Zec 3.5' 6:12
    ~ q i a n d e r k d~ u ' i k : i 3
    Stablltzed, bol 2:;
    Staff- l o f leadership], Ps 23:4; Ser

    ~ud'pressing[ t h t h ] Ro i:18
    Supreme C o u r t h ~ t
    SupreEe _One kdehovah], D a 7:18,
    82 .r , F 1
    ~ u r k t y ,Pr 1 1 : ~ Ge
    ; 4839: Pr 2 7 9 3
    3urekng waters G e l:2; mx 15:s:
    Ffi 104:b: Pr 8:h; $:24; I m 7:4.
    Su-i-i-o~~nded,Heb 6:2: 1 2 : 1 ; PE 118:

    5%

    V',

    1,1

    I1

    ~ u r G i v o r s Nu 21:88.

    De

    Z:$4+ Iaa

    1 : ~ :aer'31:2; 4 2 : j i ; Joe 2 : 3 i
    Suspsnse J o h 10:24. Lu 1%:29
    ~ u s p i c l a d a ,1Tf 6:4. 'Yn 6:14
    Sustcnancc, ITI 6:B
    Swarthy Ca 1:8

    Iht

    Swear
    5334 !23:20. De
    23: k e b 6:13: '.Tas 5:i2

    6 3 3 : 21:

    Swoon Tea 51:BB; Am 8'15; Jon 44:8


    word' [Plgurativr] E p h 8:17. R e
    I m 1 6 .Pr 3".lr4 &
    t; 10.34. LU' 2:35
    ~ w n r d ~iteGrl:'&~t
    z 6 : h ; ' ~ 8:24;
    e
    Pa 3755;Xsa2:4;Ac 12:2:Heh 1 1 : 3 i
    Symbol. De 4:16; Nu 2G:lO; Ese 8:8
    Symbalic [drama] Ga 4 ' 2 4
    Sympathize Joh '42:ll : Ica 5l:lD ;
    1% GK2O:'ler 15:s: 48:17: Na 3:T
    Synagogues M t 4 2 3 . Lu 21:Iq' Joh
    G:L!I. n c
    22:1d IW 2 : g W '
    System o f t h i i g a [fbE humankind],
    LII 2034. I-'?1 i : l . i $8'1 13eb 11:9
    System of ihinps [ ~ i t a n ' i ] ZCo 4 : 4 ;
    M1 2K:20.:Tdu 16:S"ICcL:20fg h 2 . 2
    S y s t e n ~of things '
    lieh
    I .2: 1Co 10'11:
    1 2 : 5 2 : Col 1 : 2 6

    8:~.

    At.theocratic?,

    Tabernacle
    made In wilderness],
    I:x 25,:o; 4!:3i:
    Jolt 22:?9: 2Sn::d
    Tabernacle Cone's fleshly body], 2Pe

    Stipulate, Ge 3028
    Stack o f Israel], Ac

    1X:26: Phg 3 5
    Stone \cnrlrqi
    2:0;
    =:lei
    G e 49:24:T's 8:2Z:Da 2:34:Ro 9:S2
    Stones [literal], Ge ?8:11, E x 28:
    1 2 J o s 4:6; 1Ba 1::40, Mt 3:9
    stprjes [Talse], 1Ti 1:4; 4:7; 2Pe
    1:lb
    Stormer. Pr 6:s: Job 9:M: 26:12:

    Superior, LPe 2:13; Ro 13:i: Zec 10:

    6,

    q ;qhp 2 :3

    S u p e r ~ o r r t yE x 16:;; Job 37:4: 40:lO;


    Isa 2 . 1 0 . 94 :14
    ~ u p e r ~ d r i i y[of Jacob, Jehovah],
    An1 8:7
    Superior position [o? Christ], P h p

    2 :8

    Lu
    Jan 6 2 6 : L u 1:18;

    Supernatural [ s i ~ h t l ,PC0 I 2 : l ;

    1:ra; 2 4 : ~ s

    Supplications,

    4 65

    468

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMATlON

    BIBLE WORDS WOEXED FOR QUICK INFORMAT30M


    Were [of JehbvahJ, K u 21:14- E x
    1G:J; 1i:lrj; SLIX-:?b; Jo~oy 6 3 '
    W a r s [or natronm]. M t 24:s; L u 21:
    !a.
    2sn 8.111, .I,,N A : !
    W ~ T B rsporio a t 1 Mt 24:s: &u 21:9
    Were [ t o csaso],
    46:3: ISL 2:4
    Watch rnan, Ilarr 31.11' Eze 3 : l i : 33:
    I , . :S:I ~h,:.j. :ti[ $:I? Ca 3:3
    w i t o h t o w a s . d o IlI:.lg: h ~ h
    20:24:

    Unrablrainsd [nothing. from anslr


    r n o ~ r t h l ,ISs 2.3

    1%

    Unrighteous, Ac 24:15- Lu 16:lO;


    311 rr .I;:It'bG:il:Heb 6 : i o : l ~ ea l l 8

    Unt'lghtaousnsee Lu 13:27" AC 1:
    1s;; :"?I [ t o H : I ~ ! I C13.:6.2+f
    ~
    a:19

    Un*aarchnl>la,
    J,,T)

    0 ,:I

    do

    11:33:' Ps 145r8:

    Unsuumlinass, Job 1:22; 21:IB


    Unmklllsd, :ro 11:fi

    Upn~lmpeottdly dg 18:27' Ge 34:28


    U p r j g n t [as t s ~ o d ] . Ps 35:s; 92:1&;

    ;:L \ , ll't:l?;:

    Isa 26:;

    ~ i ~ [Iltrrfll]
    n r
    l l x 4.0-ae 91:s; h'u
    j h 31' rlo 24:i~m i r i i k:6
    W R ~ O
    I l e ~45.:1~:
    ~
    l t l : [ i t Nu 7:s. 15a
    (I:, , 2Rn (I:I~, 1R*n ~ : 1 6 Am
    ;
    $:18
    olng a e t r a y l Pr T:25; la:
    Wi?:?Y2A$~t4
    1 1 ~ i : d n~~nb3:17;.arn
    :
    2:4
    Wandaror, I'm 3 l i : I l
    w!'
    ~ y y ] , $ s a , r~ l e o
    Alarm],

    vdnlsoi,

    1:;

    ?;:s

    '

    V a n o m , I m :?:PI; Sob 6;4;

    ..
    Verlflcd, Neb 2:8

    Joa 8:5,

    Pa 68:

    .. I,. l A 0 . ,R

    BCo 4:7' 8TI


    L L ~11:32: I.& 66:4: d : 2 0

    Veassla [contalnats],
    2:"

    Vsatibuls, M r 14:68
    God],

    V:;;;~Q;Q~?;

    Job 10:17; PB88:

    w:;'

    of lsraml]

    3 Y r ~! : s T :

    acn

    1Ch H : 8 : Jg 8 : i ;
    P;B8i':S

    469

    470

    BIBLE WORDS INDEXED FOR QUICK INFORMAT10N

    OF

    OF

    TABLE
    THE BOOKS
    THE BIBLE
    Witnsrrrs jaf Christ]. A c 1%; 3:16:
    5:K; 11:8*. 13:31
    (Infitcntlng the z v r l t a the place 01 IrtlLInrr. the llmr nf rrttlng, and
    Witncrrcs [or Jehovah 143:~:
    tlts tlmo'rorsred by the events at rha honlo
    Ia'rs i 5 : I S : IPR
    449f2:l
    Wlvwa IdutlcsJ, H P ~ ' S : P S ;Col 5:H;
    [X~hnicaof wrltern or nome books and of placer where wrlttan are un[ l o 4'1, ll'r, 7 3 ; 1Pe 3:l
    r - c r t n l ? ~ ,hI!rrv
    rlnAc~ are onIy anproxl~nrrtr Lhr: nytntml c, n l e ~ n l n g
    ~ a b b i l tsn
    n ~ 7~5 . 3
    uc~t,c~:ivl
    al. rrIlot~t. For a lrey sbcoluta dntn 409 Iinnlcl a:w, footnote n.1
    Wolvna
    t 7.1L h c 20.29
    wonlan' flguietive of ~ o d ' aorganl. W ~ r l l h l p lo? Imago boaat], Re la:
    Book1 at lh* Hebrew Scriptures Beform the Cornmen or C h r l l a n Ere
    z n t l o n j I : P 3116. Tsa 5 4 : l ; Re 12:I
    1 5 r.r,n, l o : ? ; . > I I , ~
    Wmitnn illterat]. ' ~ 2.22;
    e
    Le 12:Z; ~ o r a h I~pagan
    p
    7:ra: D% 3:5,18
    I ' r I l:ll:,.1I t 5 , ~ X : l T h5:3:1T#? : I 1
    Woruhlp [ t r u e ] , ~ I Z H1 2 7 ; Joh 4:24;
    W o l n h ( ~ 26
    r 23.
    7:l:; J E 1 3 : G :
    Slr.11 ll:!l
    It* 4 I0
    1 1 , . A:IL. :JI>:".'JO~~
    ~ : I I
    W
    ::$ip!tl
    ' I G ~ ~ JAc
    , la:43: l'i:4;
    Wilderness
    W o r r ~ c n [ t h e ~ rposi:!onl. 114:84:
    1512
    'FVilderneafl
    I'F'l ;.2.141t 1:I:ITk
    3:ll;Heb 11:X
    wbr.t;;td;a,
    EX
    to::: PS 24:4- S1:6;
    161?
    Won. 11'1, 2 . 1
    Wilriel'neas
    l l I t l R ' 1 2 - 210:37: lra 30E28
    W?ndsrlul, Inn 9 % . Ps IIq-IPs. E x Wrath ' ( o f bcrd d n h 3 : 3 F Ra I:lP
    lhta-1473
    Plains or Xonh 1.17.1
    .I 20 1'9 ??1R;
    iRa a6:l:'ig:ii
    1 + ie:.:l ;,<:~>IL
    i ~ c , z l e ~ ~ , ~ i ; ~ e ~ s : ~ i
    1 month (1473)
    Plains o l Stonh 1 4 y X
    ~ o n d b r f u t[ n o t for God], I s r 32:17; Wrp~th[ o f nren
    r r t ~1.1D: ~ p 2:3;
    h
    1473-1454
    Xt.1. 9.n t t r ~ .rn
    l.laJ
    Cnnann
    1 6 ' 1 IS I
    881
    ITi 2:s
    ~ ~ n d n r [Chl+~stlan
    s '
    times Mr 18: Wreath [ol n t t r a o t l v c n e a s l , Pr 1:9
    0 . 14CQ-11D2
    c. 1100
    Iarael
    . l l ~ l l 4:.i\,*<,
    4:3fi,14:3
    15-10
    W r n c k , I u 1.4.7
    a, inon
    11, cnrlroI
    Iarael
    w'on'rlern t-lktrrew ti'mesj ran i.ls; W r l t l n
    at Gcrl], l l x 12:16; De la:
    jtI(YKPm, rnie
    I8;x i 31 :\lu 4 .'14.1Ki 1 3 : 3 ' ~!r:1h
    e
    '1, I,?, L H ! I ! l ,,,TI,
    L'4;
    1153-1011
    c, 1077
    Bnmuel- dad;
    $4014
    [ ~ h r r s t ] , ~ b h1:1, ri': 1Jo 1:1: W r l t l n p [ o f rriun], 1): 31:24; 2Ph 2:
    It,. I ' , 1
    ~rltliLn
    3 1 , 1.1 H X : 11411 ST:!+
    GO^, Christian timeal. LV
    in;l-1om
    c. lM0
    rong 11,lr IS 2 : :
    23:9: JE 11:27:
    Uatl; lvanhan Csrnel
    k 18: Jadl H):35: Ac 4:31: L1:l
    W:'Vrb
    tiel, 6:14
    C. 1MO-$17
    ,Teremfnh
    Jemalem
    Wovd [of God, Hebrew times] Ge
    923-C. 681
    and Enj'at
    ,Sareinlah
    Ilr 1. tP:t
    5- Ps 33:1- Iea139:8 Year, L ~4:15;
    I
    Fn R5:ll: Ge 1:14: Isa
    6::!,4, JFr 2 : 1 : 1 2 ; Heh 9:ZK
    Wnrd' o f r n = n l . ' ~ r lB.Pi:'15:13: f l u
    C. aco
    1077-1037
    Serusalern?
    E zrn
    ~ M b t IIVrb
    :
    L : 6 : <?R :,:It:
    Jlt 18133;Lu
    21:=1: Srr 6 : 3 6 1 ~ h
    1037-137
    c. 400
    Jerusalem?
    R zm
    work LLIY t o d l , Ge s.2; 30h 5:17; 6:
    I:;I' 1 a . n
    b37-IG1:
    c. .LC0
    Jerusalerlr
    mar*
    ~ o k e , ' S l tl 'l:2Pb Aa 15:10* D e 28:48;
    211 1 , :I' bt:! 2.5: Ac 13:dl
    I r ~ 8r : - I : J d n 3 : h : zco ~ : i 4
    wo,i(,,.
    '311 !):37 IDWIG. ao:?; LU
    $4 a
    1;,1-113
    Jerusalenl
    Soheml~h
    Il!:ci; ~ C lOl : 1 3 i ' ~ a s ' ~ : k
    432-474
    17,l
    2,Iordecai
    Ze!*f I l l y h u n r a n ~ l Joll 2:17; ZCo 7 :
    W o r k n l ~ n 1TI 5:18. ?Ti 2.15
    t
    1H \ i Q : o ; ~ ~ j l p
    W o r k s [b); man], A; .i:36. h r 13:94:
    a.
    1050-1BOO
    fsn'l
    [
    b
    y
    ~
    s
    h
    o
    w
    n
    k
    j
    2fi1
    19:31;
    Tan
    0,
    1480
    310Seq
    1 % 1 ! 1::Fr lh::>:R~>
    11:6~2~ol1;1.5 !I!?: 2fl:ll; :17:32: 2 f : 1 3 : 63:lti
    h1;rk6 [ o f God Rrr P:.'8: Ps 8::: GO:
    t ) ~ . v ! and
    ~l
    Ztnlows,
    <:;r
    4
    .
    !
    1
    :
    3:19
    m.,
    .I*h!, 4n:2,
    4.4: R e 15:3
    ollrers
    Zr!>ulun [ t r i b e of]. Ire T:.Y: Ge 95:16;
    Solonion:
    S ~I I: ~ ?
    l!~~
    -~d~
    ~ I; :?il*Ps
    . l. ~ ~63:27
    ~ ~ ~
    Acur;
    ZIil 24::i; f ~ l ; - i 6 : l l Jer
    ;
    W,o?d [before the Flood], ZPa 5:E: Zenoklah.
    .'(. A n . ;
    1.enluel

    jkc

    ne

    l:R1,

    ~i&*[oi'

    ii:;.

    1 ".:f;

    d * ~
    nr?

    Z I ~ Z A ' -F;H fio:,i


    Z l o n fistlphtar
    Ps $ 9 4 : TSL 1:I;
    1 1 1 ~ 3 :1lb:I
    ' ~ : 9 7 : " . : Y f r 6-33
    Z l o n [narthly], 2Sn 6 3 : 1ICl 8:I; 2Ch
    L : 2 : 1 2 1 1 1 :4
    X;I:
    1:anvsnl 1 Heb 12.28, Ro 11:

    Flolnrnon

    01,

    5
    YRI~:9:10:
    X ~ d l a c .? l i l 23:d
    R

    2.G:

    SrllOh~on
    ,Terusrrlem

    Jerusalem;

    iuhi 1.2:15

    Ggyl~t

    e. 917

    Jool
    Amn3

    Oh:~rllnh
    Jnnrt:i

    Anias

    e. S l l
    C. no7
    O. BRP

    mame of Boo,kJ t h e Writer

    -I

    Micah
    Nahum

    before

    Hribakkuk

    a, 038

    Zephaniah
    Haggai

    c. 05.5

    !iRB

    Yetlion thirmgh kl Cnlruryn nnd Srnrluhry

    fizn

    Zechariah

    srala~hi
    leakt af rho Greek Scripturn Wrtrtrn IEwrIng thr Cornmen tchrfhtlanl Em
    Nama of Book )

    The Writer

    PImcs Wrlttanl

    Marlc
    Lulta

    ?dark
    Luke

    Rome

    on-$6

    Cneuaren

    LO-68

    John

    Apostle John

    08

    Acto

    4uke

    Epheaua,
    or near
    Ro~no
    Corlnth

    Romnns
    P Gorlnthlmns

    Uultrtittna

    Plllllnrri

    61

    Ephealnna
    Paul
    I'l~lllpplnna
    Paul
    CCIII)RRIRIIB Paul
    1 T1i*~vnl~nlansPaul

    Ro~nn
    Romo

    n0

    Aiv~la

    RO

    Orlnth

    bO

    2 Tll~??nlonlane P a U I

    Cerinth

    fi0
    1: 1-64

    Tlmorl~y
    Tltur

    PI\Llcnlon
    Hol1ro7r~
    Bnmaa

    P ~ U L

    Paul
    Naredon la
    Paul
    Rhn~e
    Paul
    lS~lit8UI
    rnul
    Ron~e
    Paul
    Rome
    James LTe#ea' JerLlRalgm
    brother)

    Pater
    2 Pater

    00

    ill:

    HI -84

    rro

    111
    0.

    Pater

    1 John

    Peter
    Apostle John

    P John

    Apostle John

    l3phonu~,

    08

    8 John

    Apostle John

    Bpl\eb~~s,
    or ncnr

    08

    Jude

    Revelrrtlon

    Covered

    AD. 33
    29-33
    B B.C.E.A D . Z3
    Creatlon to
    A.D. 33
    83-BI

    (I1

    ~ p r 1 4
    Altlloclt

    1 TZniutliy

    1 Tlme

    Tlma

    Jude (Jesua'
    brother)
    1 ~ g o s t l eJohn

    60

    f i e k l d t Ybion o f the
    IANCTUARY OF JEHOVAH
    or near

    F~leatlne

    I~ a t m o e

    0,

    [ 00

    05

    I
    I

    :2 ~ -

    ,o UNI~R

    a
    U

    wr* 1-1

    m . 1 1 8 ~$V t k
    4 Y . w

    ?darn

    UA

    A S H E R

    h
    I

    -1.
    .( Pwbm
    bl. u J*

    .*

    04dh1
    t a . 1 -

    Gd.

    B E N J A M I

    ------------ - - - -S l M E Q

    A C H A R

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