I.T.

S Engineering College, Greater Noida

Practice Questions

Laser Systems and Applications (EOE 043)

(Numerical Problems)

1.

Photons of wavelength 1.54 are Compton scattered at 90 from a foil

of aluminum. Calculate the: (a) wavelength of scattered radiation and (b)
magnitude of velocity of recoiled electron.
2. An electron has a velocity of 3 x 102 m/s which has been measured to an
accuracy of 0.1 percent. Apply Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle and
calculate the minimum uncertainty in the position of the electron.
3. A microscope using photons is employed to locate an electron in an atom
to within a distance of 0.2 . What is the uncertainty in the momentum
of the electron located in this way?
4. An electron is confined to a one dimensional box of side 1 . Obtain the
first four eigen values of the electron in eV.
5. Calculate the value of retarding potential needed to stop the
photoelectrons ejected from a metal surface of work function 1.2 eV with
light of frequency 5.5x1014 s-1.
6. When a light beam with a frequency of 8 x1014 Hz falls on the surface of
a metal photoelectrons with a maximum velocity of 7 x 105 m/sec are
emitted. What will the threshold frequency be, given that; Emax = h(f
f0 ) and m = 9.1 x 10-31 kg.
7. A certain ruby laser emits 2.5 J pulses of light of wavelength 6940 .
What is the minimum number of Cr3+ ions in the ruby laser?
8. Calculate the population ratio of two states in He-Ne laser that produces
light of wavelength 6000 at 300 K.
9. In an active medium the separation between two atomic levels is 2.26
eV. At what temperature the population ratio (N2/N1) would be 1/2.
10. Calculate the energy and momentum of a photon of CO2 laser beam of
wavelength 10.6 m.
11. For an emission at a wavelength of 5000 at what temperature both
spontaneous and stimulated emissions will be same.? (Ans. At T =
41573 K).
12. A laser light emits short pulses of red light. The wavelength is 7 x 10-5
cm. The diameter of the emergent beam is 1 cm. This laser beam is
flashed on to the moon. If the distance of moon from earth is 384403
km, what will be the diameter of the spot on moon? (Given: angular
spread d = 1.22 /d where d is the diameter of beam).

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13. A sodium lamp of 80 watts power and of a cylindrical surface area of

700 cm2 is emitting yellow lines between 589 nm and 589.6 nm in all
directions at 4 Sr. If the power contained in 589 nm of spectral width
of 0.1 nm, is 40 watts calculate the brightness of the lamp. What is the
spectral brightness?
14. Calculate he coherence length of a laser beam for which the band width
= 3000 Hz. Speed of light = 3x108 m/s.
15. In a laser emitting at a wavelength of 0.94 m, the emission lines are
separated by 300 GHz, given that refractive index of the laser material is
3.3. Calculate : (a) length of the cavity (b) number of longitudinal
modes emitted (c) Which of these modes will actually take part in the
laser action?
16. The intensity of 1watt per cm2 is required to be amplified to 1 million
watt per cm2 by making the beam travel up and down through a 500 mm
long laser cavity (with zero loss) which contains an amplifying medium
of l00mm x 10 mm2. If the gain coefficient is 0.1 per cm, how many
number of travels are required for attaining the desired intensity.
17. A laser cavity has a length 1m. The cavity has a concave mirror of
radius of curvature 1.5 m at one end and a convex mirror of radius of
curvature 10 cm at the other end. Show that this cavity is unstable.
18. A Ruby laser operating without Q-switch creates pulse that lasts 0.5 ms
and its energy is 5 J. The same laser operating with Q-switch creates a
pulse that lasts 10 ns and has energy of 1 J. Assuming a triangular pulse
shape, calculate peak pulse power in both the cases.
19. Consider a Nd-YAG laser is pumped at 940 nm. The laser emits
radiation at 1063 nm. If all the photons emitted by pump source are
absorbed by the crystal and used in the lasing process, calculate
maximum power output. Given that the pump power is 1 W.
20. A laser beam of wavelength 1.06 m and power 1.5 W is focused with
the help of a lens of focal length 0.02 m. If the beam radius is 1.0 cm,
find intensity of focused beam and the spot size. Enumerate about use of
laser in material processing with this example. How beam expanders can
help to increase the intensity of laser beam.

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