13/10/2015

STUDY OF SENSORS
WATERPROOF TEMP SENSOR
DS18B20 Waterproof Digital Temperature Probe or Sensor
Price:

Rs. 179.00
Specification

Power supply range:3.0V-5.5V

Operating temperature range: -55C - +125C (-67F - +257F)

Storage temperature range: -55C to - +125C (-67F - +257F)

Output lead:red (VCC), yellow(DATA) , black(GND)

Cable length:Approx.100 cm

Color:As shown

Accuracy over the range of -10C to +85C: 0.5C.

Basics of Capacitive Sensing and Applications

http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snoa927/snoa927.pdf
C:\Users\RESEARCH\Desktop\ME Project & seminar\BASICS OF CAPACITIVE
SENSING.pdf

Are TDS meters really conductivity meters?

Yes. While EC and TDS are often used synonymously, there are some
important differences to note. EC, when applied to water, refers to the
electrical charge of a given water sample. TDS refers to the total amount of
substances in the water other than the pure H2O. The only true way of
measuring TDS is to evaporate the water and weigh whats left. Since this is
near impossible to do for the average person, is it possible to estimate the
TDS level by measuring the EC of the water. Every digital TDS meter in the
world is actually an EC meter. All elements have some electrical charge.
Therefore, it is possible to closely estimate the quantity of TDS by
determining the EC of the water. However, since different elements have
different charges, it is necessary to convert the EC to TDS using a scale that
mimics the charge of that water type. The following are the most common
water samples, and for the COM-100, each has its own conversion factor:
KCl: Potassium Chloride is the international standard to calibrate instruments
that measure conductivity. The COM-100 is factory calibrated with a 1413
microsiemens solution is the default mode is EC-KCl. The KCl conversion
factor is 0.5-0.57. 442TM: Developed by the Myron L Company, 442TM
simulates the properties of natural water (rivers, lakes, wells, drinking water,
etc.) with a combination of 40% Sodium Bicarbonate, 40% Sodium Sulfate
and 20% Chloride. The 442 conversion factor is 0.65 to 0.85. NaCl: Sodium
Chloride is used in water where the predominate ions are NaCl, or whose
properties are similar to NaCl, such as seawater and brackish water. The NaCl
conversion factor is 0.47 to 0.5. Measurements in EC (S) do not have a
conversion factor, but do require the correct setting for the proper
temperature coefficient.

Quality control of dairy products using

single frequency admittance
measurements
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0957-0233/17/2/007/pdf

Abstract
A reusable device for the detection of adulteration in dairy products such as
milk and cream has been developed. The ac electrical admittance spectra of
different samples have been studied using both uncoated and alkyl
mercaptan-coated gold electrodes. Uncoated gold electrodes exhibited a
polarization at around 250 Hz for full fat milk, while mercaptan-coated gold

electrodes showed a similar effect at around 2 kHz. The characteristics at

100 kHz and 8 C for all skimmed milk samples revealed a linear decrease in
conductance with increasing water content over the entire range of water
concentration. In contrast, the conductance of full fat milk, single and double
cream, showed a linear decrease only at added water concentration higher
than 6%. At lower concentrations, these dairy products exhibited anomalous
conductivity maxima.
https://www.sparkfun.com/products/retired/11193

Electrical Conductivity Kit

Email to prof dr. kakade RIT for help related to conductivity sensor

14/10/15
Email to F.J. Ferrero
Res, sir
My name is Kalpak P Shahane.
I am working on Mastitis detection using electrical conductivity, permittivity and Using
Bioluminescence Analysis for final year M.E project.
While studying international journal paper I found out that you were author/coauthor in most of
those papers and your work has been cited number of times by other researchers. You have
dedicated more than 13 years of research in this field which is both marvelous and inspiring.
The reason I selected this particular topic is

1. I found many companies manufacturing mastitis detector in abroad countries but that is
very costly for Indian cattleman having very few cows.
2. I didnt find a single organization/company that is working on detecting mastitis in India
3. And loss due to mastitis is huge and Indian cattlemen are unaware of it
I read many of your papers and got idea about my direction towards the project, but I have scarce
information on sensor design so I am stuck at sensor design so I was hoping if I could get your
expert guidance on the same.
If I could get additional information on your studies on mastitis, it would prove very helpful in
completion of my project.
Please find the papers that I have referred in attachment.
Regards
Kalpak Shahane
ME 2nd year
MIT College of Engineering
Kothrud pune, India
Contact: (+91) 9423439755

I made following block diagram referring your 3 papers please have a look at that

I will try to implement IoT including database generation and analysis

Latest Microcontrollers Released in the Last 12

Months
http://electronicsofthings.com/2015/08/latest-microcontrollers-released-inlast-12-months/
15/10/15
To help those of you trying to figure out the latest micro controllers to use in your project,
here is a collection of MCUs which have been launched in the last one year. While this is in
no way an exhaustive list, we look forward to hear from you if you think theres an MCU that
you would like to see added to this list.
While building this list, we observed that the growing support for more peripherals, larger
memories and smarter CPU features among MCU families show just how much the MCU
has changed over the course of a decade. As the amount of integration increases, we see a
blur in the line separating the MCUs from the SoCs.
MCU

Key features

Interesting Development
Enables wireless connection
with HEMS/BEMS equipment
and multi-channel analog input.

LAPIS
ML6205
30/540/5
50

256KB (max.) ROM, 90ch generalpurpose ports, 20ch successive

approximationAD converter, 8ch
multifunction timer for stepper
motor, pulse generators, 1ch 3phase PWM, and serial
communication ports for
wireless ICs, peripheral
microcontrollers

Microchi
p
PIC16F1
8877

include new power conserving

functionality, including Idle/Doze
operating modes and Peripheral
Module Disable (PMD) in addition
to XLP low-power technology.

Feature a high level of core

independent peripherals that
can be combined to perform a
wide variety of functions

CPU core achieves a performance

benchmark score of 4.16
CoreMark/MHz, 35-percent higher
than the RX200 Series

makes it possible to
substantially reduce the power
loss for the system as a whole
during processing

Renesas
RX231

Newly developed successive

approximation AD converter
features 1.25us conversion
speed and high accuracy (1%)
oscillation circuit

Announced
Availability

Samples
available from
February
2015.
Product
available from
August 2015

Available
directly from
Microchip
Mass
production
beginning in
September
2015

only taking 0.8 A in standby mode,

while retaining the contents of both
SRAM and CPU registers, and
consuming only 120 A/Hz when
the CPU is active with peripherals
off

Freescal
e S32K
MCU

the new product family includes an

automotive-grade software
development kit, which provides
middleware for the S32Ks drivers.
Equally important, it incorporates a
development platform called the
S32 Design Studio that includes
software and design tools.

Designed for software

engineers. combining ARM
Cortex-M4performance with
DSP functionality and a high
reusability factor

S32K sample
devices and
software
development
kit will be
available in
the third
quarter of
2015,
Freescale
said.

Dedicated motor control

subsystem with the new auxiliary
timer supports operation at up to 64
MHz

Renesas
RL
78/G1F

Software configurable, high

slew rate PGA reduces cost and
simplifies development

Two-channel high-speed
comparator enables reliable
overcurrent detection and rotor
position detection

achieve high motor speeds with

increased efficiency and
reduced system costs

varies
depending on
memory
capacity,
package and
number of
pins as the
MCU line up
comprises 20
product
versions

ideal for sensor hub and

Available

D/A converter and IrDA (Infrared

Data Association) communication
function
Atmel S

More SRAM, integrated sensor

MART
SAM
G54/G5
5

fusion algorithms, multiple clock

domains to enable different parts of
the microcontroller to be individually
clocked to save power.

battery-operated consumer
applications.

online

designed to deliver improved

data link quality with reduced
message loss to enhance user
experience

Sampling in
55-mm
QFN-32
packages

Fully integrated IEEE 802.15.4

transceiver

Marvell
88MZ30
0
wireless
microco
ntroller
systemon-chip
(SoC)

SoC integrated with humanmachine interfaces to support

various microcontroller applications

Highest RF performance with

120dBm link budget and industrybest co-existence performance

Ultra-low power consumption

with 8.5mA RX current and 1uA
standby current
Innovative XIP (execution in place)
technology that supports direct
code execution from flash memory

Atmel
SMART
SAM
DA1

embeds PTC which offers high

performance and low power
capacitive touch support in compact
QFN 5x5mm package with wettable
flanks for automated optical
inspection

enhanced capacitive touch

based automotive infotainment
applications

Announced in
February with
general
sampling to
begin in April
2015

Broadco
m
BCM58
100
MCU

first family of secure

microcontrollers with embedded
near field communication (NFC)

integrate NFC for tap-to-access,

tap-to-pair and tap-to-pay
applications with a high level of
security

Sampling
since April
2015

Infineon
XMC480
0

the firstEtherCAT node integrated

on an ARM Cortex-M controller with
on-chip flash and analog/mixed
signal capabilities

enables the most compact

designs, eliminating the need
for a dedicated EtherCAT ASIC,
external memory and crystal

Samples
available from
August 2015.
Volume
production
from Q1 2016

built-in FPU (floating-point

processing unit)

precise control and quieter

motor in home appliance

Renesas
RX23T
Group

Mass
production
from August

the RX200 core the current

consumed in software standby
mode (with RAM retention) is a
mere 0.45 A

2015

MCUs compliant with automotive

safety standards, encryption for
security, and increased memory
size for the storage of vital
programs and data

fault-tolerant microcontrollers
for demanding applications
throughout the car

Samlping
since April
2015

STMicro
electroni
cs STM
32F469/
479

ARM Cortex-M4 MCU

(Microcontroller Unit) core
augmented by the Chrom-ART
Accelerator and ART Accelerator
that speed up graphics and realtime processing as well as access
to the MCUs program memories

MIPI display serial interface)

has been integrated in addition
to the TFT-LCD
controller. LCD-TFT and MIPIDSI display interfaces enables
an advanced user interface
while granting enough
resources for demanding realtime processing

Sampling
since April
2015

STMicro
electroni
csSTM3
2L4

At an active power consumption as

low as 100A/MHz, this IC can
achieve a performance of up to
100DMIPS

STMicro
electroni
cs SPC
58NExx

19-10-2015
Reading

FDC1004: Basics of Capacitive Sensing and

Applications

Capacitance Measurement Basics

Capacitive Sensing - How it Works.

28/10/15

Activity planning

October :
Finalising Electrical Conductivity sensor

November:
Compare different Microprocessor boards with cost ADC
DAC IOT Memory
Finalise and purchase it start initial programming
Interface EC sensor to it Make signal conditioning circuit
for the same
Calibrate EC sensor to Predefined standards
December :
Exams time
Externals
20-30 December:
Search for capacitance sensor
Finalise and purchase it. Prepare a signal conditioning
circuit.
Interface and calibrate cap. Sensor
January:

Increase accuracy on field for mastitis detection,

generate large database. Try to make handy and easy to
use device (I will interface RFID to board)
Make a bioluminescence circuit. Prepare signal
conditioning circuit calibration or the same
February:
Samples with bioluminescence generation of database
Paper publications

29/10/15
http://www.indiaagronet.com/indiaagronet/dairy/contents/
milk%20properties.htm
Milk properties
Water: It constitutes the medium in which the other milk constituents are either
dissolved or suspended. Most of it is free and only a very small portion is in the bound
form, being firmly bound by milk proteins, phospholipids, etc.
Milk proteins: Proteins are among the most complex of organic substances. They are
vital for living organisms, as they constitute an indispensable part of the individual body
cell. Proteins are composed of a large number of amino-acids, some essential and other
non-essential. The essential amino-acids are necessary in the diet for the formation of
body proteins. On hydrolysis, proteins furnish a mixture of amino-acids. The proteins of
milk consist mainly of casein, b -lactoglobulin, a -lactalbumin, etc. Casein exists only in
milk and is found in the form of a calcium caseinate-phosphate complex. It is present in
the colloidal state. It forms more than 8 per cent of the total protein in milk. Casein itself
is composed of a , b , g fractions. b -lactoglobulins and a -lactalbumin are also known as
whey or serum-proteins. They are also present in the colloidal state and are easily
coagulable by heat.
Milk sugar or lactose: On crystallization from water, it forms hard gritty crystals. It is
one-sixth as sweet as sucrose. Lactose is responsible, under certain conditions, for the
defect known as sandiness in ice cream and sweetened condensed milk. Chemically,
lactose is composed of one molecule each of glucose and galactose.
Mineral matter or ash: The mineral matter or salts of milk, although present in small
quantities, exert considerable influence on the physico-chemical properties, exert

nutritive value of milk. The major salt constituents, i.e., those presents in appreciable
quantities, include potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, phosphate, citrate, chloride,
sulphate and bicarbonate.
Minor milk constituents
Phospholipids: In milk, there are three types of phospholipids, viz. Lecithin, cephalin
and sphingomylin. Lecithin, which forms an important constituent of the fat globule
membrane, contributes to the fat globule membrane, contributes to the richness of
flavour of milk. It is highly sensitive to oxidative changes, giving rise to oxidized/ metallic
flavours. Phospholipids are excellent emulsifying agents, and no doubt serve to stabilize
the milk fat emulsion.
Pigments: These are 1) fat soluble, such as carotene and xanthophyll, and 2) water
soluble, such as riboflavin. Carotene is the colouring matter of all green leaves, where it
is masked by chlorophyll. Carotene (the pure substance of which has a reddish-brown
colour) is fat soluble and responsible for the yellow colour of milk, cream, butter, ghee
and other fat-rich dairy products. Besides contributing to the colour of cow milk,

Learning Arduino by video tutorial

C:\Users\RESEARCH\Desktop\ME Project &
seminar\arduino uno\Tutorial 01 for Arduino_ Getting
Acquainted with Arduino.mp4
3/2/2015

http://www.ebay.in/itm/Blue-Backlight-Nokia-5110-LCDModule-for-Arduino-/151844154319?

hash=item235a9debcf:g:e94AAOxy69JTCfr2
http://www.ebay.in/itm/Premium-quality-Digital-1M-ToslinkFiber-Optic-Audio-Cable-1-meter-/161708895775?
hash=item25a699ee1f:g:LAQAAOxy9dVTk9cs