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- Chao Rumin, National Cheng Kung University, Department of Systems and Naval Mechatronic Engineering
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The Challenge:
Developing a distributed photovoltaic (PV) system that overcomes the common performance challenges of a centralized PV
system, such as those caused by shadows, temperature, or a mismatch between panels, and increases total energy efficiency.
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The Solution:
Using NI Multisim, Ultiboard, and LabVIEW software with the NI sbRIO-9642XT embedded control and acquisition device to design Case
Study
and develop all of the components of a distributed PV system from the simulation of the electrical characteristics of the converter
and the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm to a rapid prototype of the printed circuit board (PCB).
Author(s):
Chao Rumin - National Cheng Kung University, Department of Systems and Naval Mechatronic Engineering
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As oil prices increase each year, renewable energy research and development becomes more of a concern for researchers.
Since the Fukushima nuclear disaster, solar energy has become one of the leading candidates for an alternative energy source
in the future. However, traditional PV configurations experience energy loss due to factors such as partial shading, panel
mismatching, and temperature variation between panels. As a result, the PV systems energy harvest efficiency is much less
than expected.
We proposed a novel star-shaped distributed PV system that uses an FPGA embedded controller for parallel processing and
voltage regulation for the PV panels. Another real-time controller is used for the operation of the MPPT to generate maximum
energy from the PV panels. From simulation to prototype testing, including the design of the DC-to-DC converter for the
distributed PV system, the NI graphical system design platform was used exclusively for this project. This work will lead to a
state-of-the-art design of the PV power station, which will possibly be demonstrated as a building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV)
public work for the Low-Carbon Emission Campus Project at National Cheng Kung University.
Experiment Results
A benchmark experiment was performed in two independent PV fields, one with a distributed PV system and the other one with
the traditional centralized one. Four thin-film solar panels were connected in a series, and one of them was partially shaded.
Daily power outputs for the four PV panels of the distributed system were 382 WH, 386 WH, 377 WH, and 261 WH (Figure 5).
Test results showed that the proposed distributed systems worked well under panel-mismatching and partial-shading conditions.
When compared with the total power output (1,192 WH, given by the centralized system), an 18 percent power increase was
achieved by the proposed system.
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Figure 1. State-of-the-Art Scooter Shelter Design for the Low-Carbon Emission Campus Project at National Cheng Kung University That
Takes Advantage of Our Proposed Design
Figure 3. QM and Perturb and Observe (P&O) MPPT Simulation Using Multisim and LabVIEW Co-Simulation
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Figure 4. Buck-Boost Converter Circuit Design for PV Application Using Multisim and Ultiboard
Figure 5. Using the NI sbRIO-9642XT FPGA Module for Parallel Signal Processing and Voltage Regulation and the Real-Time Processor
for MPPT Calculation
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