machine tool timeline

invention year
1970
fisrt lathes appear 1250 1920
windmill driven saw 1550 1870
1820
horizontal boring mill 1775 1770
1720
cutters invinted 1783 1670
1620
nail making machine 1790 1570
1520
precision lathe 1797 1470
1420
milling machine 1818 1370
1320 Series1
gear cutting 1830 1270
1220
milling machines (US) 1850
precision gear cutter 1855
modern drill bit 1860
first cylinder grinder 1860
factories producing heavy machines 1870
heavy production grinder 1896
drill sharpener 1909
electric motors introduced 1920
edm introduced 1943
NC introduced 1952
CNC introduced 1959

average salary
axis cnc machinist 41000 $80,000.00
maintence machinist 43000 $70,000.00
lead machinist 45000 $60,000.00
general machinst 35000 $50,000.00
$40,000.00
cnc operator machinist 39000
$30,000.00
electrician training 50000 $20,000.00
machinist nd shift 45000 $10,000.00
Series1
outside machinist 44000 $-
screw machinist 39000
cnc programmer 47000
manual machinist 41000
conventional machinist 41000
machinist supervisor 71000

average =AVERAGE(B24:B36)
maximum =MAX(B24:B36)
minimum =MIN(B24:B36)
 1

CIS 101 9E
RESEARCH PROJECT

History of
Machine Tool

By:Jared Petersen
 2

The history of machining began far before the industrial revolution of the 18th century;

hand tools were used to make utensils, weapons, ships, furniture, and other products. Wasn’t

until 1775 that John Wilkinson invented the cannon boring machine, which came to be the

modern day lathe. He immediately adapted his boring machine to bore out cylinders for Boulton

& Walton steam engines. This boring process was the only one of its kind during this time period

which produced smooth walls and tight tolerances needed for the bore of a steam engine.

Shortly after around 1818 Eli Whitney invented the milling machine, he is also the

inventor of the cotton gin. Before the invention of the milling machines, machinist primarily

used a file which required a highly skilled individual to perform. Milling machines required a

less skillful person to perform the same procedure in an easier and quicker way. The milling

machine could either be moved left, right, up and down otherwise known as; x, y, and z. Cnc

mills of today can move their tables as little as .0001.”

In 1952 NC was invented which mean numerical control. It worked by running a punch

card which read the card and moved the servo motors attached to the table. It could produce parts

with irregular shapes easier and quicker than a manual mill could perform.

In 1959 CNC was invented which would eliminate the process of hand punching

the punch cards. This process could speed up design of the part as much as 5 hours in some

instances. Most companies could not afford this type of technology so only the military had this

advance in machines. Today’s modern day CNC programs produce highly advanced parts, which

hold tight tolerances and have 3-d shapes on the part. The micro processors reads what is call G
 3

and M codes which is the language of CNC machines of today. CAM (computer aided

manufacturing) which uses the G codes to produce a cutter path in the machine. CNC can be

found on many types of machines such as mills, lathes, water jets, presses, grinders, and other

production machines.

Today’s economy has affected the machine tool industry, causing many companies to

seek parts produced overseas because of cheap labor. This has caused many companies to close

their doors, affecting thousands of people in this trade. In the 1970 American manufacturing

companies were late to catch on to the new NC controlled machines. The Germans took over as

the major producers of NC controlled mills and lathes. By the 1980’s the cycle repeated once

again and Japan took over the number one spot. American companies mainly focused on

expensive high end parts, which left them in an un-competitive situation during the 1970’s when

there was economic down turn. While the Japanese focused on low cost high production parts

which made them cheap to produce. In 1987 Cincinnati Milacron ranked 8th in the world

dominated heavily by Japanese and German companies.

CIS 101 project
Wednesday, April 21, 2010
10:32 AM

www.britannica.com
www.me.wpi.edu
www.cncinformation.com
En.wikipedia.org
www.laundrytoday.com
www.nationmaster.com
www.asme.org

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