IDENTIFYING AND MARKING OF BUSHING CTs.

When bushing CTs are being checked, it is also necessary to make sure that their tap
leads are correctly marked. This can be done while checking the current ratios.
In cases when the tap leads have no markings, the simplest circuit for identifying and
then marking them is that shown in Figure
A voltage from the auto transformer (AT) (Variac) is applied first to any two of the tap
leads. Then by measuring the voltage between each pair of the CT tap leads, the pair with the
greatest voltage will be extreme (beginning and end) leads corresponding to the largest current
ratio. The voltage from the auto-transformer is now applied to the two extreme tap leads,
following which the voltage between one of the extreme leads and all the other leads is measured
to check the voltage distribution along the winding. When the lowest voltage is obtained, it
corresponds to the position for the least current ratio. According to the voltage obtained above all
the leads can be marked and then compared with the manufacturers diagram for the distribution
of the turns between the taps.

NOTE: The ratio check is also usually carried out during the primary injection test described
later. The ratio of the readings of the ammeters in the primary and secondary circuit of the CT
under test is taken which should approximate to the ratio marked on the CT.

CHAPTER-II

3. MAGNETIZATION CURVE:
CTs intended for different purposes will have different magnetization characteristics. On
a single bushing there may be several CTs of the same ratio, but differing characteristics to
perform different duties such as protection, metering or operation of ammeters only. A
magnetization test is a convenient method for identification of the different CTs which will have
differing knee points.
The curve showing the voltage across the terminals of the secondary winding in a CT as a
function of the current in the winding, known as the Magnetization characteristic is therefore of
prime importance.
To obtain the data for plotting the magnetization characteristic the primary circuit is left
open circuited and an ac voltage is applied across the secondary winding with the aid of testing
auto transformer (AT) Figure ..
By raising the voltage one step at a time, readings of the corresponding current are taken
with the ammeter. When commissioning, data for 10-12 points are thus obtained for plotting the
characteristic. During all subsequent scheduled checks during service, data for 3-4 points are
obtained to make sure that the characteristic has not changed and the points coincide with the
curve of the first characteristic. It is best to take the characteristic upto saturation i. e. to a point
where further increase in the current passed through the winding is not accompanied by
noticeable rise in the voltage.