Introductions

This paper is a small contribution for those who want to know the history
of the automobile to the present day. It is hard to summarize in a page
history of the automobile. The first step was steam powered vehicles. It
is believed that initial attempts to produce were carried out in China, the
late seventeenth century, but the oldest documentary records on the
use of this force date from 1769, when the writer and inventor French
Nicholas-Joseph Cugnot introduced first steam-powered vehicle. It was a
tricycle about 4.5 tons, with wooden wheels and iron wheels, whose
engine was mounted on the crankshaft of the wheels of a truck to carry
guns. Its prototype crashed and a second machine was destroyed in
1771, but the idea would be taken up and developed in England in the
following years.

AUTOMOBILE HISTORY
Automotive history begins with vehicles propelled by steam eighteenth century. In
1885 the first motor vehicle is created by the internal combustion engine with
gasoline. It is divided into a series of stages marked by major technological
milestones.
One of the most characteristic inventions of the twentieth century was
undoubtedly the car. The first prototypes were created in the late nineteenth
century, but it was not until a decade later when these vehicles began to be seen
as "useful".
The attempt to obtain a driving force to replace the horses back to the
seventeenth century. The car goes through the three phases of the major means
of propulsion steam, electricity and gasoline.
The first steam car (1769) is the "Fardier" created by Nicholas Cugnot, too heavy,
loud and frightening.
Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot (1725-1804), French writer and inventor, made the big step,
to build a steam car, originally designed for towing artillery. The Fardier, as he
called Cugnot, began circulating on the streets of Paris in 1769. It was a tricycle
riding on the front wheel a boiler and engine two vertical cylinders and 50 liters of
displacement; the front wheel was guideline and tractor to turn the two cylinders
working directly on it. In 1770 he built a second model, larger than the first, and
could drag 4.5 tons at a speed of 4 km / h. With this version was produced which it
could be considered first car accident of history, to be impossible monumental
correct handling of the vehicle, which ended up crashing into a wall collapsed
result of the mishap. Cugnot still had time to build a third version in 1771, which
remains exposed today at the National Technical Museum in Paris.
In 1784 William Murdoch built a model steam carriage and in 1801 Richard
Trevithick drove a vehicle in Camborne (UK) .1 In these first vehicles innovations
such as the hand brake were developed, speeds and steering wheel.
In 1815 Josef Bozek, built an engine-powered car with aceite.2 In 1838, Walter
Hancock phaeton built a four-seater powered by steam. And that same year,
Robert Davidson built an electric locomotive that reached 6 km per hour. Between
1832 and 1839 Robert Anderson invented the first car powered by nonrechargeable electric cells.
The Belgian Etienne Lenoir operated a car with internal combustion engine around
1860, powered by coal gas.

Around 1870, in Vienna, the inventor Siegfried Marcus operated the internal
combustion engine based gasoline, known as the "First Marcus Car". In 1883,
Marcus patented a system of low-voltage ignition was introduced in subsequent
models.
It is commonly accepted that the first cars with gasoline were almost
simultaneously developed by German engineers working independently: Karl Benz
built his first model (the Benz Patent-Motorwagen) in 1885 in Mannheim. Benz
patented it on January 29, 1886 and began to produce in 1888. Soon after, Gottlieb
Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach, Stuttgart, designed their own car in 1889.
In 1900, mass production of automobiles had begun in France and the United
States. The first companies were created to make cars Panhard et Levassor French
(1889) and Peugeot (1891). In 1908, Henry Ford began producing cars in an
assembly line, completely innovative system that allowed him to reach production
figures hitherto unthinkable.
In 1888, Bertha Benz traveled 80 km from Mannheim to Pforzheim (Germany) to
demonstrate the potential of the invention of her husband.