Chemistry 14BL

Practice Problem Set 1

Answer Key
Strong Acids and Bases
1. How many milliliters of 0.0400 M Ba(OH)2 are required to reach the equivalence point
with 15.0 mL of 0.100 HCl?
Answer: Barium hydroxide furnishes two equivalents of hydroxide in solution for
each mole of barium hydroxide that you start with, and HCl donates one mole of
protons/mole of acid. Thus the concentration of OH- = 0.0800 N. Since equivalents
of acid = equivalents of base,
(X mL) (0.0800 N) = (15.0 mL)(0.100 N) and X = 18.75 mL.
2. What volume of 0.250 M H2SO4 is required to reach the equivalence point with 38.40 mL
of 0.200 M NaOH?
Answer: Sulfuric acid furnishes two equivalents of protons for each mole of acid.
Thus the concentration of H+ = 0.500 N. Since equivalents of acid = equivalents of
base,
(X mL)(0.500 N) = (38.40 mL)(0.200 N) and X = 15.4 mL.
3. What volume of 0.120 N H2SO4 is required to reach the equivalence point with 24.0 mL of
0.200 N NaOH?
Answer: 40.00 mL (note both concentrations are in normality)
4. How many grams of barium hydroxide are contained in 250 mL of 0.0800 N Ba(OH)2
solution?
Answer: Note this concentration is normality. 0.0800 N = 0.0400 M
Amount of barium hydroxide in 250 mL of 0.0400 M = 0.0100 moles or since the
molecular weight of barium hydroxide is 171.4 g, 0.0100 moles = 1.71 g
5. What weight of NaOH is required to neutralize 250 mL of 0.050 M HCl?
Answer: moles of HCl = moles of NaOH = 0.0125 moles
Molecular weight of NaOH = 40.0g, Weight of NaOH required = 0.50 g
6. A sample of an organic acid weighing 0.3446 g was titrated to a phenolphthalein end point
with 41.51 mL of 0.1000 N NaOH. Calculate the equivalent weight of the acid.
Answer: equivalents of acid = equivalents of NaOH

= (0.04151 L)(0.1000 N) = 0.004151 eqivalents

Equivalent weight of acid = (0.3446 g)/(0.004151) = 83.02 g
7. Calculate [H+], pH, [OH-], and pOH in 0.030 M HCl.
Answer: [H+] = 0.030,
pOH = (14-1.5) = 12.5

pH = 1.5
[OH-] =3.3 x 10-13

8. Calculate [H+] and pH for each of the following solutions, and list the color that would be
imparted to the solution by one drop of (i) bromocresol green, (ii) phenolphthalein. (a) 0.05
M HCl
(b) 1.2 x 10-4 M HCl
(c) 250 ppm HCl
(Refer to the data in yourChem 14B textbook for the color ranges for indicators.)
Answer:
(a) [H+] = 0.05 M pH = 1.3 (i) yellow (ii) colorless
(b) [H+] = 1.2 x 10-4 pH = 3.9 (i) green (ii) colorless
(c) [H+] = 6.8 x 10-3 pH = 2.2 (i) yellow (ii) colorless
9. Calculate [H+] and pH for each of the following solutions, and list the color that would be
imparted to the solution by one drop of (i) methyl red, (ii) phenolphthalein.
(a) 0.05 M NaOH
(b) 1.3 M NaOH
(c) freshly boiled water
Answer: (a) pOH = 1.3, pH = 12.7, [H+] = 2 x 10-13, (i) yellow, (ii) pink
(a) pOH = 0.1, pH = 14.1, [H+] = 7.7 x 10- 15, (i) yellow, (ii) pink
(a) pOH = 7, pH = 7, [H+] = 1 x 10- 7, (i) yellow, (ii) colorless
10. What indicators would you select to produce a color change over each of the following
ranges of [H+]?
(a) from 1 x 10-3 to 5 x 10-6
(b) from 7 x 10-5 to 6 x 10-7
Answer: (a) bromocresol green (b) methyl red
11. In the titration of 0.100 M HCl with 0.1 M NaOH, an indicator with a color change
beginning at pH 4 is satisfactory for a titration with an accuracy of 0.2%. If a 0.00100 M
HCl solution were titrated with 0.00100 M NaOH, would the same indicator give a
satisfactory result? Explain.
Answer: The critical differences in terms of titrations occur near the equivalence
point. The table below gives the pH near the equivalence point for the titration of
50.00 mL of HCl with NaOH when the reagents are at increasingly dilute
concentrations.
Titrant vol.

0.1 M reagents
pH

0.01 M reagents
pH

0.001 M reagents
pH

49.00 mL
49.90 mL
50.00 mL
50.10 mL

3
4
7
10

4
5
7
9

5
6
7
8

From the table you can see that an indicator that changes color at pH 4 will give an
end point 0.09 mL (or less than 1 drop) before the equivalence point for 0.1 M
reagents, 1 mL (20 drops) before the equivalence point for 0.01 mL reagents, and
more than 2 mL before the equivalence point for 0.001 reagents.