Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1. INTRODUCTION
2. POLICIES OF INTERVENTION
Education and access to knowledge as key factors of the promotion of Cultural Heritage
It is necessary to improve awareness of Cultural Heritage and the ethics of its care in study curricula and to identify
tools that can be developed to help communities to better understand and conserve their heritage. Heritage education needs to be developed in schools and through informal education. Students will appropriate of their tangible
and intangible Cultural Heritage visiting and using the resources of the site, and understanding the importance of
past and contemporary heritage as common elements.
Integrate conservation and valorisation of Cultural Heritage in the domain of community development, education
and tourism as well as encourage its accessibility and knowledge, its conservation and promotion can be helpful in
raising awareness among communities on the importance of Cultural Heritage in the identity of a community.
Helpful tools can be the realization and dissemination of local tourist products (kit for students, new thematic magazines, multimedia products related to Cultural Heritage, etc)
guage (video, CD, books, TV programmes) and animation activities (exhibitions, museums, festivals, fair, music,
etc) concerning Cultural Heritage for local public, organization of educational campaign to safeguard, conservation
and promotion, organization of thematic Cultural Heritage days to awaken students and scholars.
A common weakness in the Euro-Mediterranean area is insufficient availability of capacity building and professional
training programs. The issue of continuous training, the encouragement of closer contact between training programs and public/private employers in Cultural Heritage and of the training of trainers is necessary to develop local
capacity regard the establishment of appropriate levels of training according to the different stakeholders.
ties, and foundations. The remaining 5% is received from public and governmental bodies.
The impact of heritage driving the tourism industry is obvious in our cities. Due to the exploitation of heritage, many
new jobs were generated in the tourism sector and as a result the figures are even more impressive. According to
recent estimates, more than 8 million jobs are directly and indirectly sustained by the Cultural Heritage sector in
Europe.
The Impact of Cultural Tourism on Local Communities' Economy
When heritage tourism is done right, the biggest beneficiaries are not the visitors but the local residents who experience a renewed appreciation for and pride in their local city and its history. The influence of well-planned and
well-managed local tourism programs extends to improving the local economy and enhancing the quality of life for
local residence.
The benefits may include the potential for profitable domestic industries - hotels, restaurants, transport systems,
souvenirs and handicrafts and guide services. In addition, there is a not quantified gain of tourist expenditure due to
their abandoned formally registration in macro economic scales. Through this, money earned through informal
employment such as street vendors, informal guides, rickshaw drivers, etc. is returned to the local economy, and
has a great multiplier effect as it is spent over and over again. The World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC)
estimates that the indirect contribution of tourism equals 100% of that of direct tourism expenditures.
exchange.
The problem lies in the fact that the set of incentives that are necessary for each to act in a particular way is not
independent from the others. Thus, the context of the fiscal and regulatory regimes that will govern economic activity and social life in the historic city must be so designed to give each the necessary set of incentives, so that the
whole act in concert.
3. RECOMMENDATIONS
Institutional co-ordination and community involvement within a gradual process of economic improvement and
physical rehabilitation must be viewed as the necessary ingredients for taking on the manifold conservation and
revitalisation needs. In the long run community involvement is the best means of achieving lasting results.
Public goods include Cultural Heritage, therefore the role of the public sector at central and local level as
custodian of Cultural Heritage assets is extremely important
Civil society organisations need to be involved at different scales in the consultation and planning of investments.
Local communities should share the benefits so that social development returns may be obtained.
Secure the wider dissemination of project activities to the civil society through the allocation of specific
funding, and promote the preparation of educational material for school children and the civil society
At the national level specific recruitment of professional figures is necessary to fill gaps in the capacity of
the institutions to address Cultural Heritage management issues, the integration of Cultural Heritage in the
domain of community development, education and tourism
Encourage closer contacts between training programs and public/private employers in Cultural Heritage
Ensure that proposed projects include not only plans for immediate results, but also include studies on
foreseeable impacts
Improve or develop mechanisms to support young actors and emerging teams in the field of Cultural Heritage activity.
Encourage the emergence of networks of specialized local enterprises in the conservation of Cultural Heritage
4. PROPOSED EXAMPLES
The historic cores of many cities of the MEDA countries are victims of crumbling infrastructure and real estate
speculation. They have become depositories of the poor in dense and unsanitary conditions.
Hafsia (Tunis) represents an exemplary success in revitalizing the economic base and diversifying the social mix of
the inhabitants of the old medina. The middle class has returned to the old medina, making it once more the locus
of social and economic integration that it historically had been.
Another positive example is Darb Al-Ahmar, a densely built triangle in the heart of Islamic Cairo, that suffers of the
following weaknesses: low family income; a deteriorating housing core; continued deterioration of monuments and
luck of public investment and regular upkeep of city infrastructure; the absence of essential community facilities and
services. The strategy focuses on an effort to reverse the present pattern of decay and improve living, leisure and
working conditions for residents.
Also the restoration of the Souq al Saghir in Damascus has stimulated new businesses and more activity from
existing businesses, selling to both tourists and local residents. The project used Cultural Heritage and the built
environment to catalyse social and economic development.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Cultural Heritage within the Barcelona Process Assessment and Orientations, Euromed Heritage publications, Rome, November 2005
- The economy of culture in Europe
http://ec.europa.eu/culture/eac/sources_info/studies/economy_en.html
- International Scientific Committee, ECONOMICS OF CONSERVATION (1993)
http://www.international.icomos.org/publications/93sy_eco.htm
- Our Past is Our Future: Investing in our Cultural Heritage, 16/01/1997
http://www.serageldin.com/SpeechDetail.aspx?SID=%2B%2B78WqYJ3smPUHY%2BzdBELg%3D%3D
- Cultural Heritage and Economic Development. The old view. One program, one cultural good.
www.worldbank.org/urban/urbanforum2005/ ulwpresentations/ch/santagata.pdf
- Cultural Heritage and Sustainable Economic and Social Development
www.europanostra.org/downloads/speeches/ donovan-rypkema_keynote_address_07dec_05.pdf
- Culture as a Catalyst for Development in Syria
http://www.akdn.org/news/syria_260603.htm
- Reversing the decline of a historic district
www.akdn.org/hcsp/Cairo34_53.pdf