Four different types of cement use in construction

1. Four different types of cement use in construction are:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Rapid hardening cement.

General used cement.
Quick setting cement.
High sulphate resistance.
Air water proof Poland cement

2. five different type of admixtures and outline their functions.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Retarding
Accelerating
Water reducing
Air entering admixtures
Super plasticizer

1. Retarding: - are used to increase the set time of concrete by slowing hydration. This is
especially use full for counteracting the effects of high temperature; which will cause concrete to
harden at a faster rate.
2. Accelerating: - works in the opposite manner from retarding admixtures, decreasing the set time
of concrete. This helps to counteract the effect of cold weather, which causes hardening at a
slower rate.
3. Water reducing: - this can be use to increase the set time in hot weather, similar to retarding
admixtures, but there main role is to allow for a more fluid mix with lower water content.
4. Air accelerating: - are another additive used to enhance concretes durability in relation to
freeze-thaw cycle, which is especially important in colder weather. These admixtures disperse
small air bubbles in the mix.
5. Air-entering admixtures: - these are also known as high-range water reducers. These
admixtures can be used to reduce the water content of concrete by up to 30% creating a highly
fluid and workable mix.

The importance of curing concrete

3. Explain the importance of curing concert:

This is to protect the concrete from losing its moisture thus keeping it in a reasonable
temperature range. The main importance is to increase the strength. Its also a key factor in
migrating cracks in the concrete, which severely impacts durability.

a. The two different methods that are utilized in the construction industry are:

This is by spraying water onto the formation. a simple way to just keep water sprayed onto the
slab with garden sprinklers or by just hand held hose.

Another method is by using a plastic shield which basically a plastic laid on top of the slab to stop
the evaporation process. As this is one of the most effect methods of curing the concrete.

4. What is a steel frame structure?

This is usually refer to as a building with a skeleton frame work of vertical steel column and
horizontal I beams that are constructed in a rectangular grid to support the roof, floor and walls of a
building which are all attached to the frame work structural design.

6. Appropriate pictures illustrating each of the following:

Hollow-channel

steel bars

I-beams

C -Purlin

Steel bar

Reference

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I would like to express my special thanks of gratitude to my teacher who gave me the golden opportunity
to do this wonderful project. Secondly I would also like to thank the lord for giving me the health and
strength and also my friends who helped me a lot in finishing this project within the limited time. I am
making this project not only for marks but to also increase my knowledge and understand.

Name: Hyman Gibson

Instructor: Bernard Elliott
Institution: peters field VTC
Course: general construction
Level: 3